ffi 1.1.2 → 1.17.0

data/lib/ffi/library.rb

@@ -1,27 +1,39 @@
 #
 # Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Wayne Meissner
-# Copyright (C) 2008 Luc Heinrich <luc@honk-honk.com>
-#
-# All rights reserved.
 #
 # This file is part of ruby-ffi.
 #
-# This code is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
-# the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3 only, as
-# published by the Free Software Foundation.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 #
-# This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public License
-# version 3 for more details.
+# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+#   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice
+#   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+#   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+# * Neither the name of the Ruby FFI project nor the names of its contributors
+#   may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+#   without specific prior written permission.
 #
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-# version 3 along with this work.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+# DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+# SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+# CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+# OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.#
+
+require 'ffi/dynamic_library'
 
 module FFI
-  CURRENT_PROCESS = USE_THIS_PROCESS_AS_LIBRARY = Object.new
+  CURRENT_PROCESS = USE_THIS_PROCESS_AS_LIBRARY = FFI.make_shareable(Object.new)
 
-  # @param [#to_s] lib library name
+  # @param [String, FFI::LibraryPath] lib library name or LibraryPath object
   # @return [String] library name formatted for current platform
   # Transform a generic library name to a platform library name
   # @example
@@ -33,16 +45,7 @@ module FFI
   #  FFI.map_library_name 'jpeg'  # -> "jpeg.dll"
   def self.map_library_name(lib)
     # Mangle the library name to reflect the native library naming conventions
-    lib = lib.to_s unless lib.kind_of?(String)
-    lib = Library::LIBC if lib == 'c'
-
-    if lib && File.basename(lib) == lib
-      lib = Platform::LIBPREFIX + lib unless lib =~ /^#{Platform::LIBPREFIX}/
-      r = Platform::IS_GNU ? "\\.so($|\\.[1234567890]+)" : "\\.#{Platform::LIBSUFFIX}$"
-      lib += ".#{Platform::LIBSUFFIX}" unless lib =~ /#{r}/
-    end
-
-    lib
+    LibraryPath.wrap(lib).to_s
   end
 
   # Exception raised when a function is not found in libraries
@@ -56,16 +59,16 @@ module FFI
   #
   # A basic usage may be:
   #  require 'ffi'
-  #  
+  #
   #  module Hello
   #    extend FFI::Library
   #    ffi_lib FFI::Library::LIBC
   #    attach_function 'puts', [ :string ], :int
   #  end
-  #  
+  #
   #  Hello.puts("Hello, World")
   #
-  # 
+  #
   module Library
     CURRENT_PROCESS = FFI::CURRENT_PROCESS
     LIBC = FFI::Platform::LIBC
@@ -75,58 +78,22 @@ module FFI
     # @raise {RuntimeError} if +mod+ is not a Module
     # Test if extended object is a Module. If not, raise RuntimeError.
     def self.extended(mod)
-      raise RuntimeError.new("must only be extended by module") unless mod.kind_of?(Module)
+      raise RuntimeError.new("must only be extended by module") unless mod.kind_of?(::Module)
     end
 
-    
+
     # @param [Array] names names of libraries to load
     # @return [Array<DynamicLibrary>]
     # @raise {LoadError} if a library cannot be opened
     # Load native libraries.
     def ffi_lib(*names)
-      lib_flags = defined?(@ffi_lib_flags) ? @ffi_lib_flags : FFI::DynamicLibrary::RTLD_LAZY | FFI::DynamicLibrary::RTLD_LOCAL
-      ffi_libs = names.map do |name|
-
-        if name == FFI::CURRENT_PROCESS
-          FFI::DynamicLibrary.open(nil, FFI::DynamicLibrary::RTLD_LAZY | FFI::DynamicLibrary::RTLD_LOCAL)
-
-        else
-          libnames = (name.is_a?(::Array) ? name : [ name ]).map { |n| [ n, FFI.map_library_name(n) ].uniq }.flatten.compact
-          lib = nil
-          errors = {}
-
-          libnames.each do |libname|
-            begin
-              lib = FFI::DynamicLibrary.open(libname, lib_flags)
-              break if lib
-
-            rescue Exception => ex
-              ldscript = false
-              if ex.message =~ /(([^ \t()])+\.so([^ \t:()])*):([ \t])*invalid ELF header/
-                if File.read($1) =~ /GROUP *\( *([^ \)]+) *\)/
-                  libname = $1
-                  ldscript = true
-                end
-              end
-
-              if ldscript
-                retry
-              else
-                errors[libname] = ex
-              end
-            end
-          end
+      raise LoadError.new("library names list must not be empty") if names.empty?
 
-          if lib.nil?
-            raise LoadError.new(errors.values.join(".\n"))
-          end
+      lib_flags = defined?(@ffi_lib_flags) && @ffi_lib_flags
 
-          # return the found lib
-          lib
-        end
+      @ffi_libs = names.map do |name|
+        FFI::DynamicLibrary.send(:load_library, name, lib_flags)
       end
-
-      @ffi_libs = ffi_libs
     end
 
     # Set the calling convention for {#attach_function} and {#callback}
@@ -168,7 +135,7 @@ module FFI
     #   ffi_lib_flags(:lazy, :local) # => 5
     #
     # @param [Symbol, …] flags (see {FlagsMap})
-    # @return [Fixnum] the new value
+    # @return [Integer] the new value
     def ffi_lib_flags(*flags)
       @ffi_lib_flags = flags.inject(0) { |result, f| result | FlagsMap[f] }
     end
@@ -212,7 +179,7 @@ module FFI
       cname, arg_types, ret_type, opts = (a4 && (a2.is_a?(String) || a2.is_a?(Symbol))) ? [ a2, a3, a4, a5 ] : [ mname.to_s, a2, a3, a4 ]
 
       # Convert :foo to the native type
-      arg_types.map! { |e| find_type(e) }
+      arg_types = arg_types.map { |e| find_type(e) }
       options = {
         :convention => ffi_convention,
         :type_map => defined?(@ffi_typedefs) ? @ffi_typedefs : nil,
@@ -234,7 +201,7 @@ module FFI
             end
             raise LoadError unless function
 
-            invokers << if arg_types.length > 0 && arg_types[arg_types.length - 1] == FFI::NativeType::VARARGS
+            invokers << if arg_types[-1] == FFI::NativeType::VARARGS
               VariadicInvoker.new(function, arg_types, find_type(ret_type), options)
 
             else
@@ -267,12 +234,12 @@ module FFI
       if ffi_convention == :stdcall
         # Get the size of each parameter
         size = arg_types.inject(0) do |mem, arg|
-          mem + arg.size
+          size = arg.size
+          # The size must be a multiple of 4
+          size += (4 - size) % 4
+          mem + size
         end
 
-        # Next, the size must be a multiple of 4
-        size += (4 - size) % 4
-
         result << "_#{name.to_s}@#{size}" # win32
         result << "#{name.to_s}@#{size}" # win64
       end
@@ -280,30 +247,33 @@ module FFI
     end
 
     # @overload attach_variable(mname, cname, type)
-    #  @example
-    #   module Bar
-    #     extend FFI::Library
-    #     ffi_lib 'my_lib'
-    #     attach_variable :c_myvar, :myvar, :long
-    #   end
-    #   # now callable via Bar.c_myvar
+    #   @param [#to_s] mname name of ruby method to attach as
+    #   @param [#to_s] cname name of C variable to attach
+    #   @param [DataConverter, Struct, Symbol, Type] type C variable's type
+    #   @example
+    #     module Bar
+    #       extend FFI::Library
+    #       ffi_lib 'my_lib'
+    #       attach_variable :c_myvar, :myvar, :long
+    #     end
+    #     # now callable via Bar.c_myvar
     # @overload attach_variable(cname, type)
-    #  @example
-    #   module Bar
-    #     extend FFI::Library
-    #     ffi_lib 'my_lib'
-    #     attach_variable :myvar, :long
-    #   end
-    #   # now callable via Bar.myvar
-    # @param [#to_s] mname name of ruby method to attach as
-    # @param [#to_s] cname name of C variable to attach
-    # @param [DataConverter, Struct, Symbol, Type] type C varaible's type
+    #   @param [#to_s] mname name of ruby method to attach as
+    #   @param [DataConverter, Struct, Symbol, Type] type C variable's type
+    #   @example
+    #     module Bar
+    #       extend FFI::Library
+    #       ffi_lib 'my_lib'
+    #       attach_variable :myvar, :long
+    #     end
+    #     # now callable via Bar.myvar
     # @return [DynamicLibrary::Symbol]
     # @raise {FFI::NotFoundError} if +cname+ cannot be found in libraries
     #
     # Attach C variable +cname+ to this module.
     def attach_variable(mname, a1, a2 = nil)
       cname, type = a2 ? [ a1, a2 ] : [ mname.to_s, a1 ]
+      mname = mname.to_sym
       address = nil
       ffi_libraries.each do |lib|
         begin
@@ -316,13 +286,14 @@ module FFI
       raise FFI::NotFoundError.new(cname, ffi_libraries) if address.nil? || address.null?
       if type.is_a?(Class) && type < FFI::Struct
         # If it is a global struct, just attach directly to the pointer
-        s = type.new(address)
+        s = s = type.new(address) # Assigning twice to suppress unused variable warning
         self.module_eval <<-code, __FILE__, __LINE__
-          @@ffi_gvar_#{mname} = s
+          @ffi_gsvars = {} unless defined?(@ffi_gsvars)
+          @ffi_gsvars[#{mname.inspect}] = s
           def self.#{mname}
-            @@ffi_gvar_#{mname}
+            @ffi_gsvars[#{mname.inspect}]
           end
-code
+        code
 
       else
         sc = Class.new(FFI::Struct)
@@ -332,12 +303,13 @@ code
         # Attach to this module as mname/mname=
         #
         self.module_eval <<-code, __FILE__, __LINE__
-          @@ffi_gvar_#{mname} = s
+          @ffi_gvars = {} unless defined?(@ffi_gvars)
+          @ffi_gvars[#{mname.inspect}] = s
           def self.#{mname}
-            @@ffi_gvar_#{mname}[:gvar]
+            @ffi_gvars[#{mname.inspect}][:gvar]
           end
           def self.#{mname}=(value)
-            @@ffi_gvar_#{mname}[:gvar] = value
+            @ffi_gvars[#{mname.inspect}][:gvar] = value
           end
         code
 
@@ -348,10 +320,12 @@ code
 
 
     # @overload callback(name, params, ret)
+    #   @param name callback name to add to type map
+    #   @param [Array] params array of parameters' types
+    #   @param [DataConverter, Struct, Symbol, Type] ret callback return type
     # @overload callback(params, ret)
-    # @param name callback name to add to type map
-    # @param [Array] params array of parameters' types
-    # @param [DataConverter, Struct, Symbol, Type] ret callback return type
+    #   @param [Array] params array of parameters' types
+    #   @param [DataConverter, Struct, Symbol, Type] ret callback return type
     # @return [FFI::CallbackInfo]
     def callback(*args)
       raise ArgumentError, "wrong number of arguments" if args.length < 2 || args.length > 3
@@ -361,10 +335,16 @@ code
         [ nil, args[0], args[1] ]
       end
 
+      native_params = params.map { |e| find_type(e) }
+      raise ArgumentError, "callbacks cannot have variadic parameters" if native_params.include?(FFI::Type::VARARGS)
       options = Hash.new
       options[:convention] = ffi_convention
       options[:enums] = @ffi_enums if defined?(@ffi_enums)
-      cb = FFI::CallbackInfo.new(find_type(ret), params.map { |e| find_type(e) }, options)
+      ret_type = find_type(ret)
+      if ret_type == Type::STRING
+        raise TypeError, ":string is not allowed as return type of callbacks"
+      end
+      cb = FFI::CallbackInfo.new(ret_type, native_params, options)
 
       # Add to the symbol -> type map (unless there was no name)
       unless name.nil?
@@ -374,10 +354,6 @@ code
       cb
     end
 
-    # @param [DataConverter, Symbol, Type] old
-    # @param  add
-    # @param [] info
-    # @return [FFI::Enum, FFI::Type]
     # Register or get an already registered type definition.
     #
     # To register a new type definition, +old+ should be a {FFI::Type}. +add+
@@ -390,6 +366,11 @@ code
     # * in others cases, +info+ is used to create a named enum.
     #
     # If +old+ is a key for type map, #typedef get +old+ type definition.
+    #
+    # @param [DataConverter, Symbol, Type] old
+    # @param [Symbol] add
+    # @param [Symbol] info
+    # @return [FFI::Enum, FFI::Type]
     def typedef(old, add, info=nil)
       @ffi_typedefs = Hash.new unless defined?(@ffi_typedefs)
 
@@ -414,6 +395,48 @@ code
       end
     end
 
+    # @param [DataConverter, Type, Struct, Symbol] t type to find
+    # @return [Type]
+    # Find a type definition.
+    def find_type(t)
+      if t.kind_of?(Type)
+        t
+
+      elsif defined?(@ffi_typedefs) && @ffi_typedefs.has_key?(t)
+        @ffi_typedefs[t]
+
+      elsif t.is_a?(Class) && t < Struct
+        Type::POINTER
+
+      elsif t.is_a?(DataConverter)
+        # Add a typedef so next time the converter is used, it hits the cache
+        typedef Type::Mapped.new(t), t
+
+      end || FFI.find_type(t)
+    end
+
+    private
+    # Generic enum builder
+    #  @param [Class] klass can be one of FFI::Enum or FFI::Bitmask
+    #  @param args (see #enum or #bitmask)
+    def generic_enum(klass, *args)
+      native_type = args.first.kind_of?(FFI::Type) ? args.shift : nil
+      name, values = if args[0].kind_of?(Symbol) && args[1].kind_of?(Array)
+        [ args[0], args[1] ]
+      elsif args[0].kind_of?(Array)
+        [ nil, args[0] ]
+      else
+        [ nil, args ]
+      end
+      @ffi_enums = FFI::Enums.new unless defined?(@ffi_enums)
+      @ffi_enums << (e = native_type ? klass.new(native_type, values, name) : klass.new(values, name))
+
+      # If called with a name, add a typedef alias
+      typedef(e, name) if name
+      e
+    end
+
+    public
     # @overload enum(name, values)
     #  Create a named enum.
     #  @example
@@ -430,22 +453,72 @@ code
     #  @example
     #   enum [:zero, :one, :two]  # unnamed enum, equivalent to above example
     #  @param [Array] values values for enum
+    # @overload enum(native_type, name, values)
+    #  Create a named enum and specify the native type.
+    #  @example
+    #   enum FFI::Type::UINT64, :foo, [:zero, :one, :two]  # named enum
+    #  @param [FFI::Type] native_type native type for new enum
+    #  @param [Symbol] name name for new enum
+    #  @param [Array] values values for enum
+    # @overload enum(native_type, *args)
+    #  Create an unnamed enum and specify the native type.
+    #  @example
+    #   enum FFI::Type::UINT64, :zero, :one, :two  # unnamed enum
+    #  @param [FFI::Type] native_type native type for new enum
+    #  @param args values for enum
+    # @overload enum(native_type, values)
+    #  Create an unnamed enum and specify the native type.
+    #  @example
+    #   enum Type::UINT64, [:zero, :one, :two]  # unnamed enum, equivalent to above example
+    #  @param [FFI::Type] native_type native type for new enum
+    #  @param [Array] values values for enum
     # @return [FFI::Enum]
     # Create a new {FFI::Enum}.
     def enum(*args)
-      name, values = if args[0].kind_of?(Symbol) && args[1].kind_of?(Array)
-        [ args[0], args[1] ]
-      elsif args[0].kind_of?(Array)
-        [ nil, args[0] ]
-      else
-        [ nil, args ]
-      end
-      @ffi_enums = FFI::Enums.new unless defined?(@ffi_enums)
-      @ffi_enums << (e = FFI::Enum.new(values, name))
+      generic_enum(FFI::Enum, *args)
+    end
 
-      # If called as enum :foo, [ :zero, :one, :two ], add a typedef alias
-      typedef(e, name) if name
-      e
+    # @overload bitmask(name, values)
+    #  Create a named bitmask
+    #  @example
+    #   bitmask :foo, [:red, :green, :blue] # bits 0,1,2 are used
+    #   bitmask :foo, [:red, :green, 5, :blue] # bits 0,5,6 are used
+    #  @param [Symbol] name for new bitmask
+    #  @param [Array<Symbol, Integer>] values for new bitmask
+    # @overload bitmask(*args)
+    #  Create an unamed bitmask
+    #  @example
+    #   bm = bitmask :red, :green, :blue # bits 0,1,2 are used
+    #   bm = bitmask :red, :green, 5, blue # bits 0,5,6 are used
+    #  @param [Symbol, Integer] args values for new bitmask
+    # @overload bitmask(values)
+    #  Create an unamed bitmask
+    #  @example
+    #   bm = bitmask [:red, :green, :blue] # bits 0,1,2 are used
+    #   bm = bitmask [:red, :green, 5, blue] # bits 0,5,6 are used
+    #  @param [Array<Symbol, Integer>] values for new bitmask
+    # @overload bitmask(native_type, name, values)
+    #  Create a named enum and specify the native type.
+    #  @example
+    #   bitmask FFI::Type::UINT64, :foo, [:red, :green, :blue]
+    #  @param [FFI::Type] native_type native type for new bitmask
+    #  @param [Symbol] name for new bitmask
+    #  @param [Array<Symbol, Integer>] values for new bitmask
+    # @overload bitmask(native_type, *args)
+    #  @example
+    #   bitmask FFI::Type::UINT64, :red, :green, :blue
+    #  @param [FFI::Type] native_type native type for new bitmask
+    #  @param [Symbol, Integer] args values for new bitmask
+    # @overload bitmask(native_type, values)
+    #  Create a named enum and specify the native type.
+    #  @example
+    #   bitmask FFI::Type::UINT64, [:red, :green, :blue]
+    #  @param [FFI::Type] native_type native type for new bitmask
+    #  @param [Array<Symbol, Integer>] values for new bitmask
+    # @return [FFI::Bitmask]
+    # Create a new FFI::Bitmask
+    def bitmask(*args)
+      generic_enum(FFI::Bitmask, *args)
     end
 
     # @param name
@@ -462,24 +535,42 @@ code
       @ffi_enums.__map_symbol(symbol)
     end
 
-    # @param [DataConverter, Type, Struct, Symbol] t type to find
-    # @return [Type]
-    # Find a type definition.
-    def find_type(t)
-      if t.kind_of?(Type)
-        t
-
-      elsif defined?(@ffi_typedefs) && @ffi_typedefs.has_key?(t)
-        @ffi_typedefs[t]
-
-      elsif t.is_a?(Class) && t < Struct
-        Type::POINTER
+    # Retrieve all attached functions and their function signature
+    #
+    # This method returns a Hash of method names of attached functions connected by #attach_function and the corresponding function type.
+    # The function type responds to #return_type and #param_types which return the FFI types of the function signature.
+    #
+    # @return [Hash< Symbol => [FFI::Function, FFI::VariadicInvoker] >]
+    def attached_functions
+      @ffi_functions || {}
+    end
 
-      elsif t.is_a?(DataConverter)
-        # Add a typedef so next time the converter is used, it hits the cache
-        typedef Type::Mapped.new(t), t
+    # Retrieve all attached variables and their type
+    #
+    # This method returns a Hash of variable names and the corresponding type or variables connected by #attach_variable .
+    #
+    # @return [Hash< Symbol => ffi_type >]
+    def attached_variables
+      (
+        (defined?(@ffi_gsvars) ? @ffi_gsvars : {}).map do |name, gvar|
+          [name, gvar.class]
+        end +
+        (defined?(@ffi_gvars) ? @ffi_gvars : {}).map do |name, gvar|
+          [name, gvar.layout[:gvar].type]
+        end
+      ).to_h
+    end
 
-      end || FFI.find_type(t)
+    # Freeze all definitions of the module
+    #
+    # This freezes the module's definitions, so that it can be used in a Ractor.
+    # No further methods or variables can be attached and no further enums or typedefs can be created in this module afterwards.
+    def freeze
+      instance_variables.each do |name|
+        var = instance_variable_get(name)
+        FFI.make_shareable(var)
+      end
+      nil
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/ffi/library_path.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2023 Lars Kanis
+#
+# This file is part of ruby-ffi.
+#
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+#
+# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+#   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice
+#   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+#   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+# * Neither the name of the Ruby FFI project nor the names of its contributors
+#   may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+#   without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+# DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+# SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+# CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+# OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.#
+
+module FFI
+  # Transform a generic library name and ABI number to a platform library name
+  #
+  # Example:
+  #   module LibVips
+  #     extend FFI::Library
+  #     ffi_lib LibraryPath.new("vips", abi_number: 42)
+  #   end
+  #
+  # This translates to the following library file names:
+  #   libvips-42.dll    on Windows
+  #   libvips.so.42     on Linux
+  #   libvips.42.dylib  on Macos
+  #
+  # See https://packaging.ubuntu.com/html/libraries.html for more information about library naming.
+  class LibraryPath
+    attr_reader :name
+    attr_reader :abi_number
+    attr_reader :root
+
+    # Build a new library path
+    #
+    # * <tt>name</tt> :  The name of the library without file prefix or suffix.
+    # * <tt>abi_number</tt> :  The ABI number of the library.
+    # * <tt>root</tt> :  An optional base path prepended to the library name.
+    def initialize(name, abi_number: nil, root: nil)
+      @name = name
+      @abi_number = abi_number
+      @root = root
+    end
+
+    def self.wrap(value)
+      # We allow instances of LibraryPath to pass through transparently:
+      return value if value.is_a?(self)
+
+      # We special case a library named 'c' to be the standard C library:
+      return Library::LIBC if value == 'c'
+
+      # If provided a relative file name we convert it into a library path:
+      if value && File.basename(value) == value
+        return self.new(value)
+      end
+
+      # Otherwise, we assume it's a full path to a library:
+      return value
+    end
+
+    def full_name
+      # If the abi_number is given, we format it specifically according to platform rules:
+      if abi_number
+        if Platform.windows?
+          "#{Platform::LIBPREFIX}#{name}-#{abi_number}.#{Platform::LIBSUFFIX}"
+        elsif Platform.mac?
+          "#{Platform::LIBPREFIX}#{name}.#{abi_number}.#{Platform::LIBSUFFIX}"
+        else # Linux? BSD? etc.
+          "#{Platform::LIBPREFIX}#{name}.#{Platform::LIBSUFFIX}.#{abi_number}"
+        end
+      else
+        # Otherwise we just add prefix and suffix:
+        lib = name
+        # Add library prefix if missing
+        lib = Platform::LIBPREFIX + lib unless lib =~ /^#{Platform::LIBPREFIX}/
+        # Add library extension if missing
+        r = Platform.windows? || Platform.mac? ? "\\.#{Platform::LIBSUFFIX}$" : "\\.so($|\\.[1234567890]+)"
+        lib += ".#{Platform::LIBSUFFIX}" unless lib =~ /#{r}/
+        lib
+      end
+    end
+
+    def to_s
+      if root
+        # If the root path is given, we generate the full path:
+        File.join(root, full_name)
+      else
+        full_name
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end