ffi 0.5.0-x86-mingw32

data/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+Copyright (c) 2008, JRuby Project
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+  list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice
+  this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+  and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+* Neither the name of the JRuby Project nor the names of its contributors 
+  may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 
+  without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" 
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 
+FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 
+SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER 
+CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, 
+OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE 
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+Copyright (c) 2007, Evan Phoenix
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+  list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice
+  this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+  and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+* Neither the name of the Evan Phoenix nor the names of its contributors 
+  may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 
+  without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" 
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 
+FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 
+SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER 
+CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, 
+OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE 
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

data/README.rdoc

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+ruby-ffi
+    by Wayne Meissner
+    http://wiki.github.com/ffi/ffi
+
+== DESCRIPTION:
+
+Ruby-FFI is a ruby extension for programmatically loading dynamic
+libraries, binding functions within them, and calling those functions
+from Ruby code. Moreover, a Ruby-FFI extension works without changes
+on Ruby and JRuby. Discover why should you write your next extension
+using Ruby-FFI here[http://wiki.github.com/ffi/ffi/why-use-ffi].
+
+== FEATURES/PROBLEMS:
+
+* It has a very intuitive DSL
+* It supports all C native types
+* It supports C structs (also nested), enums and global variables
+* It supports callbacks
+* It has smart methods to handle memory management of pointers and structs
+
+== SYNOPSIS:
+
+  require 'ffi'
+
+  module MyLib
+    extend FFI::Library
+    attach_function :puts, [ :string ], :int
+  end
+
+  MyLib.puts 'Hello boys using libc!'
+
+For less minimalistic and more sane examples you may look at:
+
+* the samples/ folder
+* the examples on the wiki[http://wiki.github.com/ffi/ffi]
+* the projects using FFI listed on this page[http://wiki.github.com/ffi/ffi/projects-using-ffi]
+
+== REQUIREMENTS:
+
+* You need a sane building environment in order to compile the extension.
+
+== DOWNLOAD/INSTALL:
+
+From rubyforge:
+
+  [sudo] gem install ffi
+
+or from the git repository on github:
+
+  git clone git://github.com/ffi/ffi.git
+  cd ffi
+  rake gem:install
+
+== CREDITS:
+
+Special thanks to:
+
+* Yehuda Katz
+* Luc Heinrich
+* Andrea Fazzi
+* Mike Dalessio
+* Hongli Lai
+* Evan Phoenix
+* Aman Gupta
+* Beoran
+
+== LICENSE:
+
+See LICENSE file.

data/Rakefile

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+require 'rubygems'
+require 'rbconfig'
+
+USE_RAKE_COMPILER = (RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /java/) ? false : true
+if USE_RAKE_COMPILER
+  gem 'rake-compiler', '>=0.6.0'
+  require 'rake/extensiontask'
+  ENV['RUBY_CC_VERSION'] = '1.8.6:1.9.1'
+end
+
+require 'date'
+require 'fileutils'
+require 'rbconfig'
+
+begin
+  require 'bones'
+  Bones.setup
+rescue LoadError
+  begin
+    load 'tasks/setup.rb'
+  rescue LoadError
+    raise RuntimeError, '### please install the "bones" gem ###'
+  end
+end
+
+LIBEXT = case Config::CONFIG['host_os'].downcase
+  when /darwin/
+    "dylib"
+  when /mswin|mingw/
+    "dll"
+  else
+    Config::CONFIG['DLEXT']
+  end
+
+CPU = case Config::CONFIG['host_cpu'].downcase
+  when /i[3456]86/
+    # Darwin always reports i686, even when running in 64bit mode
+    if Config::CONFIG['host_os'] =~ /darwin/ && 0xfee1deadbeef.is_a?(Fixnum)
+      "x86_64"
+    else
+      "i386"
+    end
+  when /amd64|x86_64/
+    "x86_64"
+  when /ppc|powerpc/
+    "powerpc"
+  else
+    Config::CONFIG['host_cpu']
+  end
+
+OS = case Config::CONFIG['host_os'].downcase
+  when /linux/
+    "linux"
+  when /darwin/
+    "darwin"
+  when /freebsd/
+    "freebsd"
+  when /openbsd/
+    "openbsd"
+  when /sunos|solaris/
+    "solaris"
+  when /mswin|mingw/
+    "win32"
+  else
+    Config::CONFIG['host_os'].downcase
+  end
+
+CC=ENV['CC'] || Config::CONFIG['CC'] || "gcc"
+
+GMAKE = Config::CONFIG['host_os'].downcase =~ /bsd|solaris/ ? "gmake" : "make"
+
+LIBTEST = "build/libtest.#{LIBEXT}"
+BUILD_DIR = "build"
+BUILD_EXT_DIR = File.join(BUILD_DIR, "#{Config::CONFIG['arch']}", 'ffi_c', RUBY_VERSION)
+
+# Project general information
+PROJ.name = 'ffi'
+PROJ.authors = 'Wayne Meissner'
+PROJ.email = 'wmeissner@gmail.com'
+PROJ.url = 'http://wiki.github.com/ffi/ffi'
+PROJ.version = '0.5.0'
+PROJ.rubyforge.name = 'ffi'
+PROJ.readme_file = 'README.rdoc'
+
+# Annoucement
+PROJ.ann.paragraphs << 'FEATURES' << 'SYNOPSIS' << 'REQUIREMENTS' << 'DOWNLOAD/INSTALL' << 'CREDITS' << 'LICENSE'
+
+PROJ.ann.email[:from] = 'andrea.fazzi@alcacoop.it'
+PROJ.ann.email[:to] << 'ruby-ffi@groups.google.com'
+PROJ.ann.email[:server] = 'smtp.gmail.com'
+
+# Gem specifications
+PROJ.gem.need_tar = false
+PROJ.gem.files = %w(LICENSE README.rdoc Rakefile) + Dir.glob("{ext,gen,lib,spec}/**/*")
+PROJ.gem.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
+
+# Override Mr. Bones autogenerated extensions and force ours in
+PROJ.gem.extras['extensions'] = %w(ext/ffi_c/extconf.rb gen/Rakefile)
+
+# RDoc
+PROJ.rdoc.exclude << '^ext\/'
+PROJ.rdoc.opts << '-x' << 'ext'
+
+# Ruby
+PROJ.ruby_opts = []
+PROJ.ruby_opts << '-I' << BUILD_EXT_DIR unless RUBY_PLATFORM == "java"
+
+# RSpec
+PROJ.spec.files.exclude /rbx/
+PROJ.spec.opts << '--color' << '-fs'
+
+# Dependencies
+
+depend_on 'rake', '>=0.8.7'
+
+TEST_DEPS = [ LIBTEST ]
+if RUBY_PLATFORM == "java"
+  desc "Run all specs"
+  task :specs => TEST_DEPS do
+    sh %{#{Gem.ruby} -S spec #{Dir["spec/ffi/*_spec.rb"].join(" ")} -fs --color}
+  end
+  desc "Run rubinius specs"
+  task :rbxspecs => TEST_DEPS do
+    sh %{#{Gem.ruby} -S spec #{Dir["spec/ffi/rbx/*_spec.rb"].join(" ")} -fs --color}
+  end
+else
+  TEST_DEPS.unshift :compile
+  desc "Run all specs"
+  task :specs => TEST_DEPS do
+    ENV["MRI_FFI"] = "1"
+    sh %{#{Gem.ruby} -Ilib -I#{BUILD_EXT_DIR} -S spec #{Dir["spec/ffi/*_spec.rb"].join(" ")} -fs --color}
+  end
+  desc "Run rubinius specs"
+  task :rbxspecs => TEST_DEPS do
+    ENV["MRI_FFI"] = "1"
+    sh %{#{Gem.ruby} -Ilib -I#{BUILD_EXT_DIR} -S spec #{Dir["spec/ffi/rbx/*_spec.rb"].join(" ")} -fs --color}
+  end
+end
+
+desc "Build all packages"
+task :package => 'gem:package'
+
+desc "Install the gem locally"
+task :install => 'gem:install'
+
+
+desc "Clean all built files"
+task :distclean => :clobber do
+  FileUtils.rm_rf('build')
+  FileUtils.rm_rf(Dir["lib/**/ffi_c.#{Config::CONFIG['DLEXT']}"])
+  FileUtils.rm_rf('lib/1.8')
+  FileUtils.rm_rf('lib/1.9')
+  FileUtils.rm_rf('conftest.dSYM')
+  FileUtils.rm_rf('pkg')
+end
+
+
+desc "Build the native test lib"
+task "build/libtest.#{LIBEXT}" do
+  sh %{#{GMAKE} -f libtest/GNUmakefile CPU=#{CPU} OS=#{OS} }
+end
+
+
+desc "Build test helper lib"
+task :libtest => "build/libtest.#{LIBEXT}"
+
+desc "Test the extension"
+task :test => [ :specs, :rbxspecs ]
+
+
+namespace :bench do
+  ITER = ENV['ITER'] ? ENV['ITER'].to_i : 100000
+  bench_libs = "-Ilib -I#{BUILD_DIR}" unless RUBY_PLATFORM == "java"
+  bench_files = Dir["bench/bench_*.rb"].reject { |f| f == "bench_helper.rb" }
+  bench_files.each do |bench|
+    task File.basename(bench, ".rb")[6..-1] => TEST_DEPS do
+      sh %{#{Gem.ruby} #{bench_libs} #{bench} #{ITER}}
+    end
+  end
+  task :all => TEST_DEPS do
+    bench_files.each do |bench|
+      sh %{#{Gem.ruby} #{bench_libs} #{bench}}
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+task 'spec:run' => TEST_DEPS
+task 'spec:specdoc' => TEST_DEPS
+
+task :default => :specs
+

data/ext/ffi_c/AbstractMemory.c

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+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, Wayne Meissner
+ *
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+ *   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice
+ *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ *   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * * The name of the author or authors may not be used to endorse or promote
+ *   products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+ * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+ * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+ * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+ * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <ruby.h>
+#include "rbffi.h"
+#include "compat.h"
+#include "AbstractMemory.h"
+#include "Pointer.h"
+#include "Function.h"
+
+
+static inline char* memory_address(VALUE self);
+VALUE rbffi_AbstractMemoryClass = Qnil;
+static VALUE NullPointerErrorClass = Qnil;
+static ID id_to_ptr = 0, id_plus = 0, id_call = 0;
+
+static VALUE
+memory_allocate(VALUE klass)
+{
+    AbstractMemory* memory;
+    VALUE obj;
+    obj = Data_Make_Struct(klass, AbstractMemory, NULL, -1, memory);
+    memory->ops = &rbffi_AbstractMemoryOps;
+    memory->access = MEM_RD | MEM_WR;
+
+    return obj;
+}
+
+#define NUM_OP(name, type, toNative, fromNative) \
+static void memory_op_put_##name(AbstractMemory* memory, long off, VALUE value); \
+static void \
+memory_op_put_##name(AbstractMemory* memory, long off, VALUE value) \
+{ \
+    type tmp = (type) toNative(value); \
+    checkWrite(memory); \
+    checkBounds(memory, off, sizeof(type)); \
+    memcpy(memory->address + off, &tmp, sizeof(tmp)); \
+} \
+static VALUE memory_put_##name(VALUE self, VALUE offset, VALUE value); \
+static VALUE \
+memory_put_##name(VALUE self, VALUE offset, VALUE value) \
+{ \
+    AbstractMemory* memory; \
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, AbstractMemory, memory); \
+    memory_op_put_##name(memory, NUM2LONG(offset), value); \
+    return self; \
+} \
+static VALUE memory_op_get_##name(AbstractMemory* memory, long off); \
+static VALUE \
+memory_op_get_##name(AbstractMemory* memory, long off) \
+{ \
+    type tmp; \
+    checkRead(memory); \
+    checkBounds(memory, off, sizeof(type)); \
+    memcpy(&tmp, memory->address + off, sizeof(tmp)); \
+    return fromNative(tmp); \
+} \
+static VALUE memory_get_##name(VALUE self, VALUE offset); \
+static VALUE \
+memory_get_##name(VALUE self, VALUE offset) \
+{ \
+    AbstractMemory* memory; \
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, AbstractMemory, memory); \
+    return memory_op_get_##name(memory, NUM2LONG(offset)); \
+} \
+static MemoryOp memory_op_##name = { memory_op_get_##name, memory_op_put_##name }; \
+\
+static VALUE memory_put_array_of_##name(VALUE self, VALUE offset, VALUE ary); \
+static VALUE \
+memory_put_array_of_##name(VALUE self, VALUE offset, VALUE ary) \
+{ \
+    long count = RARRAY_LEN(ary); \
+    long off = NUM2LONG(offset); \
+    AbstractMemory* memory = MEMORY(self); \
+    long i; \
+    checkWrite(memory); \
+    checkBounds(memory, off, count * sizeof(type)); \
+    for (i = 0; i < count; i++) { \
+        type tmp = (type) toNative(RARRAY_PTR(ary)[i]); \
+        memcpy(memory->address + off + (i * sizeof(type)), &tmp, sizeof(tmp)); \
+    } \
+    return self; \
+} \
+static VALUE memory_get_array_of_##name(VALUE self, VALUE offset, VALUE length); \
+static VALUE \
+memory_get_array_of_##name(VALUE self, VALUE offset, VALUE length) \
+{ \
+    long count = NUM2LONG(length); \
+    long off = NUM2LONG(offset); \
+    AbstractMemory* memory = MEMORY(self); \
+    long i; \
+    checkRead(memory); \
+    checkBounds(memory, off, count * sizeof(type)); \
+    VALUE retVal = rb_ary_new2(count); \
+    for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) { \
+        type tmp; \
+        memcpy(&tmp, memory->address + off + (i * sizeof(type)), sizeof(tmp)); \
+        rb_ary_push(retVal, fromNative(tmp)); \
+    } \
+    return retVal; \
+}
+
+NUM_OP(int8, int8_t, NUM2INT, INT2NUM);
+NUM_OP(uint8, uint8_t, NUM2UINT, UINT2NUM);
+NUM_OP(int16, int16_t, NUM2INT, INT2NUM);
+NUM_OP(uint16, uint16_t, NUM2UINT, UINT2NUM);
+NUM_OP(int32, int32_t, NUM2INT, INT2NUM);
+NUM_OP(uint32, uint32_t, NUM2UINT, UINT2NUM);
+NUM_OP(int64, int64_t, NUM2LL, LL2NUM);
+NUM_OP(uint64, uint64_t, NUM2ULL, ULL2NUM);
+NUM_OP(float32, float, NUM2DBL, rb_float_new);
+NUM_OP(float64, double, NUM2DBL, rb_float_new);
+
+static inline void*
+get_pointer_value(VALUE value)
+{
+    const int type = TYPE(value);
+    if (type == T_DATA && rb_obj_is_kind_of(value, rbffi_PointerClass)) {
+        return memory_address(value);
+    } else if (type == T_NIL) {
+        return NULL;
+    } else if (type == T_FIXNUM) {
+        return (void *) (uintptr_t) FIX2INT(value);
+    } else if (type == T_BIGNUM) {
+        return (void *) (uintptr_t) NUM2ULL(value);
+    } else if (rb_respond_to(value, id_to_ptr)) {
+        return MEMORY_PTR(rb_funcall2(value, id_to_ptr, 0, NULL));
+    } else {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "value is not a pointer");
+    }
+}
+
+NUM_OP(pointer, void *, get_pointer_value, rbffi_Pointer_NewInstance);
+
+static VALUE
+memory_clear(VALUE self)
+{
+    AbstractMemory* ptr = MEMORY(self);
+    memset(ptr->address, 0, ptr->size);
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+memory_size(VALUE self) 
+{
+    AbstractMemory* ptr;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, AbstractMemory, ptr);
+
+    return LONG2NUM(ptr->size);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+memory_get_string(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    VALUE length = Qnil, offset = Qnil;
+    AbstractMemory* ptr = MEMORY(self);
+    long off, len;
+    char* end;
+    int nargs = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &offset, &length);
+
+    off = NUM2LONG(offset);
+    len = nargs > 1 && length != Qnil ? NUM2LONG(length) : (ptr->size - off);
+    checkRead(ptr);
+    checkBounds(ptr, off, len);
+
+    end = memchr(ptr->address + off, 0, len);
+    return rb_tainted_str_new((char *) ptr->address + off,
+            (end != NULL ? end - ptr->address - off : len));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+memory_get_array_of_string(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    VALUE offset = Qnil, countnum = Qnil, retVal = Qnil;
+    AbstractMemory* ptr;
+    long off;
+    int count;
+
+    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &offset, &countnum);
+    off = NUM2LONG(offset);
+    count = (countnum == Qnil ? 0 : NUM2INT(countnum));
+    retVal = rb_ary_new2(count);
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, AbstractMemory, ptr);
+    checkRead(ptr);
+
+    if (countnum != Qnil) {
+        int i;
+
+        checkBounds(ptr, off, count * sizeof (char*));
+        
+        for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+            const char* strptr = *((const char**) (ptr->address + off) + i);
+            rb_ary_push(retVal, (strptr == NULL ? Qnil : rb_tainted_str_new2(strptr)));
+        }
+
+    } else {
+        checkBounds(ptr, off, sizeof (char*));
+        for ( ; off < ptr->size - sizeof (void *); off += sizeof (void *)) {
+            const char* strptr = *(const char**) (ptr->address + off);
+            if (strptr == NULL) {
+                break;
+            }
+            rb_ary_push(retVal, rb_tainted_str_new2(strptr));
+        }
+    }
+
+    return retVal;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+memory_put_string(VALUE self, VALUE offset, VALUE str)
+{
+    AbstractMemory* ptr = MEMORY(self);
+    long off, len;
+
+    Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
+    off = NUM2LONG(offset);
+    len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
+
+    checkWrite(ptr);
+    checkBounds(ptr, off, len + 1);
+    
+    if (rb_safe_level() >= 1 && OBJ_TAINTED(str)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eSecurityError, "Writing unsafe string to memory");
+    }
+
+    memcpy(ptr->address + off, RSTRING_PTR(str), len);
+    *((char *) ptr->address + off + len) = '\0';
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+memory_get_bytes(VALUE self, VALUE offset, VALUE length)
+{
+    AbstractMemory* ptr = MEMORY(self);
+    long off, len;
+    
+    off = NUM2LONG(offset);
+    len = NUM2LONG(length);
+
+    checkRead(ptr);
+    checkBounds(ptr, off, len);
+    
+    return rb_tainted_str_new((char *) ptr->address + off, len);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+memory_put_bytes(int argc, VALUE* argv, VALUE self)
+{
+    AbstractMemory* ptr = MEMORY(self);
+    VALUE offset = Qnil, str = Qnil, rbIndex = Qnil, rbLength = Qnil;
+    long off, len, idx;
+    int nargs = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "22", &offset, &str, &rbIndex, &rbLength);
+
+    Check_Type(str, T_STRING);
+
+    off = NUM2LONG(offset);
+    idx = nargs > 2 ? NUM2LONG(rbIndex) : 0;
+    if (idx < 0) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRangeError, "index canot be less than zero");
+    }
+    len = nargs > 3 ? NUM2LONG(rbLength) : (RSTRING_LEN(str) - idx);
+    if ((idx + len) > RSTRING_LEN(str)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eRangeError, "index+length is greater than size of string");
+    }
+
+    checkWrite(ptr);
+    checkBounds(ptr, off, len);
+
+    if (rb_safe_level() >= 1 && OBJ_TAINTED(str)) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eSecurityError, "Writing unsafe string to memory");
+    }
+    memcpy(ptr->address + off, RSTRING_PTR(str) + idx, len);
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+memory_type_size(VALUE self)
+{
+    AbstractMemory* ptr;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, AbstractMemory, ptr);
+
+    return INT2NUM(ptr->typeSize);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+memory_aref(VALUE self, VALUE idx)
+{
+    AbstractMemory* ptr;
+    VALUE rbOffset = Qnil;
+
+    Data_Get_Struct(self, AbstractMemory, ptr);
+
+    rbOffset = ULONG2NUM(NUM2ULONG(idx) * ptr->typeSize);
+
+    return rb_funcall2(self, id_plus, 1, &rbOffset);
+}
+
+static inline char*
+memory_address(VALUE obj)
+{
+    return ((AbstractMemory *) DATA_PTR(obj))->address;
+}
+
+AbstractMemory*
+rbffi_AbstractMemory_Cast(VALUE obj, VALUE klass)
+{
+    if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(obj, klass)) {
+        AbstractMemory* memory;
+        Data_Get_Struct(obj, AbstractMemory, memory);
+        return memory;
+    }
+
+    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Invalid Memory object");
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+void
+rbffi_AbstractMemory_Error(AbstractMemory *mem, int op)
+{
+    VALUE rbErrorClass = mem->address == NULL ? NullPointerErrorClass : rb_eRuntimeError;
+    if (op == MEM_RD) {
+        rb_raise(rbErrorClass, "invalid memory read at address=%p", mem->address);
+    } else if (op == MEM_WR) {
+        rb_raise(rbErrorClass, "invalid memory write at address=%p", mem->address);
+    } else {
+        rb_raise(rbErrorClass, "invalid memory access at address=%p", mem->address);
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
+memory_op_get_strptr(AbstractMemory* ptr, long offset)
+{
+    void* tmp = NULL;
+
+    if (ptr != NULL && ptr->address != NULL) {
+        checkRead(ptr);
+        checkBounds(ptr, offset, sizeof(tmp));
+        memcpy(&tmp, ptr->address + offset, sizeof(tmp));
+    }
+
+    return tmp != NULL ? rb_tainted_str_new2(tmp) : Qnil;
+}
+
+static void
+memory_op_put_strptr(AbstractMemory* ptr, long offset, VALUE value)
+{
+    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Cannot set :string fields");
+}
+
+static MemoryOp memory_op_strptr = { memory_op_get_strptr, memory_op_put_strptr };
+
+//static MemoryOp memory_op_pointer = { memory_op_get_pointer, memory_op_put_pointer };
+
+MemoryOps rbffi_AbstractMemoryOps = {
+    .int8 = &memory_op_int8,
+    .uint8 = &memory_op_uint8,
+    .int16 = &memory_op_int16,
+    .uint16 = &memory_op_uint16,
+    .int32 = &memory_op_int32,
+    .uint32 = &memory_op_uint32,
+    .int64 = &memory_op_int64,
+    .uint64 = &memory_op_uint64,
+    .float32 = &memory_op_float32,
+    .float64 = &memory_op_float64,
+    .pointer = &memory_op_pointer,
+    .strptr = &memory_op_strptr,
+};
+
+void
+rbffi_AbstractMemory_Init(VALUE moduleFFI)
+{
+    VALUE classMemory = rb_define_class_under(moduleFFI, "AbstractMemory", rb_cObject);
+    rbffi_AbstractMemoryClass = classMemory;
+    rb_global_variable(&rbffi_AbstractMemoryClass);
+    rb_define_alloc_func(classMemory, memory_allocate);
+
+    NullPointerErrorClass = rb_define_class_under(moduleFFI, "NullPointerError", rb_eRuntimeError);
+    rb_global_variable(&NullPointerErrorClass);
+
+
+#undef INT
+#define INT(type) \
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "put_" #type, memory_put_##type, 2); \
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_" #type, memory_get_##type, 1); \
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "put_u" #type, memory_put_u##type, 2); \
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_u" #type, memory_get_u##type, 1); \
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "put_array_of_" #type, memory_put_array_of_##type, 2); \
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_array_of_" #type, memory_get_array_of_##type, 2); \
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "put_array_of_u" #type, memory_put_array_of_u##type, 2); \
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_array_of_u" #type, memory_get_array_of_u##type, 2);
+    
+    INT(int8);
+    INT(int16);
+    INT(int32);
+    INT(int64);
+    
+#define ALIAS(name, old) \
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "put_" #name, "put_" #old); \
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "get_" #name, "get_" #old); \
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "put_u" #name, "put_u" #old); \
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "get_u" #name, "get_u" #old); \
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "put_array_of_" #name, "put_array_of_" #old); \
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "get_array_of_" #name, "get_array_of_" #old); \
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "put_array_of_u" #name, "put_array_of_u" #old); \
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "get_array_of_u" #name, "get_array_of_u" #old);
+    
+    ALIAS(char, int8);
+    ALIAS(short, int16);
+    ALIAS(int, int32);
+    ALIAS(long_long, int64);
+    
+    if (sizeof(long) == 4) {
+        ALIAS(long, int32);
+    } else {
+        ALIAS(long, int64);
+    }
+
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "put_float32", memory_put_float32, 2);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_float32", memory_get_float32, 1);
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "put_float", "put_float32");
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "get_float", "get_float32");
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "put_array_of_float32", memory_put_array_of_float32, 2);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_array_of_float32", memory_get_array_of_float32, 2);
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "put_array_of_float", "put_array_of_float32");
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "get_array_of_float", "get_array_of_float32");
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "put_float64", memory_put_float64, 2);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_float64", memory_get_float64, 1);
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "put_double", "put_float64");
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "get_double", "get_float64");
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "put_array_of_float64", memory_put_array_of_float64, 2);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_array_of_float64", memory_get_array_of_float64, 2);
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "put_array_of_double", "put_array_of_float64");
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "get_array_of_double", "get_array_of_float64");
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "put_pointer", memory_put_pointer, 2);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_pointer", memory_get_pointer, 1);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "put_array_of_pointer", memory_put_array_of_pointer, 2);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_array_of_pointer", memory_get_array_of_pointer, 2);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_string", memory_get_string, -1);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "put_string", memory_put_string, 2);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_bytes", memory_get_bytes, 2);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "put_bytes", memory_put_bytes, -1);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "get_array_of_string", memory_get_array_of_string, -1);
+
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "clear", memory_clear, 0);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "total", memory_size, 0);
+    rb_define_alias(classMemory, "size", "total");
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "type_size", memory_type_size, 0);
+    rb_define_method(classMemory, "[]", memory_aref, 1);
+
+    id_to_ptr = rb_intern("to_ptr");
+    id_call = rb_intern("call");
+    id_plus = rb_intern("+");
+}
+