ffi 0.5.0-x86-mingw32

data/spec/ffi/rbx/memory_pointer_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+require "rubygems"
+require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "spec_helper"))
+
+module CTest
+  extend FFI::Library
+  
+  attach_function :strcat, [:pointer, :pointer], :pointer
+end
+
+describe "MemoryPointer" do
+  it "makes a pointer from a string" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.from_string("FFI is Awesome")
+    m.type_size.should == 15
+  end
+  
+  it "reads back a string" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.from_string("FFI is Awesome")
+    m.read_string.should == "FFI is Awesome"
+  end
+  
+  it "makes a pointer for a certain number of bytes" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(8)
+    m.write_array_of_int([1,2])
+    m.read_array_of_int(2).should == [1,2]
+  end
+
+  it "allows access to an element of the pointer (as an array)" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:int, 2)
+    m.write_array_of_int([1,2])
+    m[0].read_int.should == 1
+    m[1].read_int.should == 2
+  end
+  
+  it "allows writing as an int" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:int)
+    m.write_int(1)
+    m.read_int.should == 1
+  end
+  
+  it "allows writing as a long" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:long)
+    m.write_long(10)
+    m.read_long.should == 10
+  end
+  
+  it "raises an error if you try putting a long into a pointer of size 1" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(1)
+    lambda { m.write_long(10) }.should raise_error
+  end
+  
+  it "raises an error if you try putting an int into a pointer of size 1" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(1)
+    lambda { m.write_int(10) }.should raise_error
+  end
+#  it "does not raise IndexError for opaque pointers" do
+#    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(8)
+#    p2 = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(1024)
+#    m.write_long(p2.address)
+#    p = m.read_pointer
+#    lambda { p.write_int(10) }.should_not raise_error
+#  end
+  
+  it "makes a pointer for a certain type" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:int)
+    m.write_int(10)
+    m.read_int.should == 10
+  end
+  
+  it "makes a memory pointer for a number of a certain type" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:int, 2)
+    m.write_array_of_int([1,2])
+    m.read_array_of_int(2).should == [1,2]
+  end
+  
+  it "makes a pointer for an object responding to #size" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(Struct.new(:size).new(8))
+    m.write_array_of_int([1,2])
+    m.read_array_of_int(2).should == [1,2]
+  end
+
+  it "makes a pointer for a number of an object responding to #size" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(Struct.new(:size).new(4), 2)
+    m.write_array_of_int([1,2])
+    m.read_array_of_int(2).should == [1,2]
+  end  
+  it "MemoryPointer#address returns correct value" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:long_long)
+    magic = 0x12345678
+    m.write_long(magic)
+    m.read_pointer.address.should == magic
+  end
+  it "MemoryPointer#null? returns true for zero value" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:long_long)
+    m.write_long(0)    
+    m.read_pointer.null?.should == true
+  end
+  it "MemoryPointer#null? returns false for non-zero value" do
+    m = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:long_long)
+    m.write_long(0x12345678)
+    m.read_pointer.null?.should == false
+  end
+end

data/spec/ffi/rbx/spec_helper.rb

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+require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "..", "spec_helper"))

data/spec/ffi/rbx/struct_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "spec_helper"))
+
+class Timeval < FFI::Struct
+  layout :tv_sec, :ulong, 0, :tv_usec, :ulong, 4  
+end
+
+describe FFI::Struct do
+  it "allows setting fields" do
+    t = Timeval.new
+    t[:tv_sec] = 12
+    t[:tv_sec].should == 12
+  end
+end

data/spec/ffi/spec_helper.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+require 'rubygems'
+require 'rbconfig'
+require 'spec'
+
+if ENV["MRI_FFI"]
+  $:.unshift File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "..", "..", "lib"),
+    File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "..", "..", "build", "#{Config::CONFIG['host_cpu''arch']}", "ffi_c", RUBY_VERSION)
+end
+require "ffi"
+
+module TestLibrary
+  PATH = "build/libtest.#{FFI::Platform::LIBSUFFIX}"
+end
+module LibTest
+  extend FFI::Library
+  ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+end

data/spec/ffi/string_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "spec_helper"))
+describe "String tests" do
+  include FFI
+  module StrLibTest
+    extend FFI::Library
+    ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+    attach_function :ptr_ret_pointer, [ :pointer, :int], :string
+    attach_function :string_equals, [ :string, :string ], :int
+    attach_function :string_dummy, [ :string ], :void
+    attach_function :string_null, [ ], :string
+  end
+  it "MemoryPointer#get_string returns a tainted string" do
+    mp = MemoryPointer.new 1024
+    mp.put_string(0, "test\0")
+    str = mp.get_string(0)
+    str.tainted?.should == true
+  end
+  it "String returned by a method is tainted" do
+    mp = MemoryPointer.new :pointer
+    sp = MemoryPointer.new 1024
+    sp.put_string(0, "test")
+    mp.put_pointer(0, sp)
+    str = StrLibTest.ptr_ret_pointer(mp, 0)
+    str.should == "test"
+    str.tainted?.should == true
+  end
+  it "Poison null byte raises error" do
+    s = "123\0abc"
+    lambda { StrLibTest.string_equals(s, s) }.should raise_error
+  end
+  it "Tainted String parameter should throw a SecurityError" do
+    $SAFE = 1
+    str = "test"
+    str.taint
+    begin
+      LibTest.string_equals(str, str).should == false
+    rescue SecurityError => e
+    end
+  end if false
+  it "casts nil as NULL pointer" do
+    StrLibTest.string_dummy(nil)
+  end
+  it "return nil for NULL char*" do
+    StrLibTest.string_null.should == nil
+  end
+  it "reads an array of strings until encountering a NULL pointer" do
+    strings = ["foo", "bar", "baz", "testing", "ffi"]
+    ptrary = MemoryPointer.new(:pointer, 6)
+    ary = strings.inject([]) do |a, str|
+      f = MemoryPointer.new(1024)
+      f.put_string(0, str)
+      a << f
+    end
+    ary.insert(3, nil)
+    ptrary.write_array_of_pointer(ary)
+    ptrary.get_array_of_string(0).should == ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
+  end
+  it "reads an array of strings of the size specified, substituting nil when a pointer is NULL" do
+    strings = ["foo", "bar", "baz", "testing", "ffi"]
+    ptrary = MemoryPointer.new(:pointer, 6)
+    ary = strings.inject([]) do |a, str|
+      f = MemoryPointer.new(1024)
+      f.put_string(0, str)
+      a << f
+    end
+    ary.insert(2, nil)
+    ptrary.write_array_of_pointer(ary)
+    ptrary.get_array_of_string(0, 4).should == ["foo", "bar", nil, "baz"]
+  end
+  it "reads an array of strings, taking a memory offset parameter" do
+    strings = ["foo", "bar", "baz", "testing", "ffi"]
+    ptrary = MemoryPointer.new(:pointer, 5)
+    ary = strings.inject([]) do |a, str|
+      f = MemoryPointer.new(1024)
+      f.put_string(0, str)
+      a << f
+    end
+    ptrary.write_array_of_pointer(ary)
+    ptrary.get_array_of_string(2 * FFI.type_size(:pointer), 3).should == ["baz", "testing", "ffi"]
+  end
+  it "raises an IndexError when trying to read an array of strings out of bounds" do
+    strings = ["foo", "bar", "baz", "testing", "ffi"]
+    ptrary = MemoryPointer.new(:pointer, 5)
+    ary = strings.inject([]) do |a, str|
+      f = MemoryPointer.new(1024)
+      f.put_string(0, str)
+      a << f
+    end
+    ptrary.write_array_of_pointer(ary)
+    lambda { ptrary.get_array_of_string(0, 6) }.should raise_error
+  end
+  it "raises an IndexError when trying to read an array of strings using a negative offset" do
+    strings = ["foo", "bar", "baz", "testing", "ffi"]
+    ptrary = MemoryPointer.new(:pointer, 5)
+    ary = strings.inject([]) do |a, str|
+      f = MemoryPointer.new(1024)
+      f.put_string(0, str)
+      a << f
+    end
+    ptrary.write_array_of_pointer(ary)
+    lambda { ptrary.get_array_of_string(-1) }.should raise_error
+  end
+end

data/spec/ffi/struct_callback_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "spec_helper"))
+
+describe FFI::Struct, ' with inline callback functions' do
+  it 'should be able to define inline callback field' do
+    module CallbackMember
+      extend FFI::Library
+      ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+      DUMMY_CB = callback :dummy_cb, [ :int ], :int
+      class TestStruct < FFI::Struct
+        layout \
+          :add, callback([ :int, :int ], :int),
+          :sub, callback([ :int, :int ], :int),
+          :cb_with_cb_parameter, callback([ DUMMY_CB, :int ], :int)
+      end
+      attach_function :struct_call_add_cb, [TestStruct, :int, :int], :int
+      attach_function :struct_call_sub_cb, [TestStruct, :int, :int], :int
+    end
+  end
+  it 'should take methods as callbacks' do
+    module CallbackMember
+      extend FFI::Library
+      ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+      class TestStruct < FFI::Struct
+        layout \
+          :add, callback([ :int, :int ], :int),
+          :sub, callback([ :int, :int ], :int)
+      end
+      attach_function :struct_call_add_cb, [TestStruct, :int, :int], :int
+      attach_function :struct_call_sub_cb, [TestStruct, :int, :int], :int
+    end
+    module StructCallbacks
+      def self.add a, b
+        a+b
+      end
+    end
+
+    ts = CallbackMember::TestStruct.new
+    ts[:add] = StructCallbacks.method(:add)
+
+    CallbackMember.struct_call_add_cb(ts, 1, 2).should == 3
+  end
+
+  it 'should return callable object from []' do
+    module CallbackMember
+      extend FFI::Library
+      ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+      class TestStruct < FFI::Struct
+        layout \
+          :add, callback([ :int, :int ], :int),
+          :sub, callback([ :int, :int ], :int)
+      end
+      attach_function :struct_call_add_cb, [TestStruct, :int, :int], :int
+      attach_function :struct_call_sub_cb, [TestStruct, :int, :int], :int
+    end
+
+    s = CallbackMember::TestStruct.new
+    add = Proc.new { |a,b| a+b}
+    s[:add] = add
+    fn = s[:add]
+    fn.respond_to?(:call).should be_true
+    fn.call(1, 2).should == 3
+  end
+end
+

data/spec/ffi/struct_initialize_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "spec_helper"))
+
+describe FFI::Struct, ' with an initialize function' do
+  it "should call the initialize function" do
+    class StructWithInitialize < FFI::Struct
+      layout :string, :string
+      attr_accessor :magic
+      def initialize
+        super
+        self.magic = 42
+      end
+    end
+    StructWithInitialize.new.magic.should == 42
+  end
+end
+
+describe FFI::ManagedStruct, ' with an initialize function' do
+  it "should call the initialize function" do
+    class ManagedStructWithInitialize < FFI::ManagedStruct
+      layout :string, :string
+      attr_accessor :magic
+      def initialize
+        super MemoryPointer.new(:pointer).put_int(0, 0x1234).get_pointer(0)
+        self.magic = 42
+      end
+      def self.release;end
+    end
+    ManagedStructWithInitialize.new.magic.should == 42
+  end
+end

data/spec/ffi/struct_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
+require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "spec_helper"))
+describe "Struct tests" do
+  StructTypes = {
+    's8' => :char,
+    's16' => :short,
+    's32' => :int,
+    's64' => :long_long,
+    'long' => :long,
+    'f32' => :float,
+    'f64' => :double
+  }
+  module LibTest
+    extend FFI::Library
+    ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+    attach_function :ptr_ret_pointer, [ :pointer, :int], :string
+    attach_function :ptr_ret_int32_t, [ :pointer, :int ], :int
+    attach_function :ptr_from_address, [ :ulong ], :pointer
+    attach_function :string_equals, [ :string, :string ], :int
+    [ 's8', 's16', 's32', 's64', 'f32', 'f64', 'long' ].each do |t|
+      attach_function "struct_align_#{t}", [ :pointer ], StructTypes[t]
+    end
+  end
+  class PointerMember < FFI::Struct
+    layout :pointer, :pointer
+  end
+  class StringMember < FFI::Struct
+    layout :string, :string
+  end
+  it "Struct#[:pointer]" do
+    magic = 0x12345678
+    mp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new :long
+    mp.put_long(0, magic)
+    smp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new :pointer
+    smp.put_pointer(0, mp)
+    s = PointerMember.new smp
+    s[:pointer].should == mp
+  end
+  it "Struct#[:pointer].nil? for NULL value" do
+    magic = 0x12345678
+    mp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new :long
+    mp.put_long(0, magic)
+    smp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new :pointer
+    smp.put_pointer(0, nil)
+    s = PointerMember.new smp
+    s[:pointer].null?.should == true
+  end
+  it "Struct#[:pointer]=" do
+    magic = 0x12345678
+    mp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new :long
+    mp.put_long(0, magic)
+    smp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new :pointer
+    s = PointerMember.new smp
+    s[:pointer] = mp
+    smp.get_pointer(0).should == mp
+  end
+  it "Struct#[:pointer]=struct" do
+    magic = 0x12345678
+    smp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new :pointer
+    s = PointerMember.new smp
+    lambda { s[:pointer] = s }.should_not raise_error
+  end
+  it "Struct#[:pointer]=nil" do
+    smp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new :pointer
+    s = PointerMember.new smp
+    s[:pointer] = nil
+    smp.get_pointer(0).null?.should == true
+  end
+  it "Struct#[:string]" do
+    magic = "test"
+    mp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new 1024
+    mp.put_string(0, magic)
+    smp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new :pointer
+    smp.put_pointer(0, mp)
+    s = StringMember.new smp
+    s[:string].should == magic
+  end
+  it "Struct#[:string].nil? for NULL value" do
+    smp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new :pointer
+    smp.put_pointer(0, nil)
+    s = StringMember.new smp
+    s[:string].nil?.should == true
+  end
+  it "Struct#layout works with :name, :type pairs" do
+    class PairLayout < FFI::Struct
+      layout :a, :int, :b, :long_long
+    end
+    ll_off = (FFI::TYPE_UINT64.alignment == 4 ? 4 : 8)
+    PairLayout.size.should == (ll_off + 8)
+    mp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(PairLayout.size)
+    s = PairLayout.new mp
+    s[:a] = 0x12345678
+    mp.get_int(0).should == 0x12345678
+    s[:b] = 0xfee1deadbeef
+    mp.get_int64(ll_off).should == 0xfee1deadbeef
+  end
+  it "Struct#layout works with :name, :type, offset tuples" do
+    class PairLayout < FFI::Struct
+      layout :a, :int, 0, :b, :long_long, 4
+    end
+    PairLayout.size.should == (FFI::TYPE_UINT64.alignment == 4 ? 12 : 16)
+    mp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(PairLayout.size)
+    s = PairLayout.new mp
+    s[:a] = 0x12345678
+    mp.get_int(0).should == 0x12345678
+    s[:b] = 0xfee1deadbeef
+    mp.get_int64(4).should == 0xfee1deadbeef
+  end
+  it "Struct#layout works with mixed :name,:type and :name,:type,offset" do
+    class MixedLayout < FFI::Struct
+      layout :a, :int, :b, :long_long, 4
+    end
+    MixedLayout.size.should == (FFI::TYPE_UINT64.alignment == 4 ? 12 : 16)
+    mp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(MixedLayout.size)
+    s = MixedLayout.new mp
+    s[:a] = 0x12345678
+    mp.get_int(0).should == 0x12345678
+    s[:b] = 0xfee1deadbeef
+    mp.get_int64(4).should == 0xfee1deadbeef
+  end
+  rb_maj, rb_min = RUBY_VERSION.split('.')
+  if rb_maj.to_i >= 1 && rb_min.to_i >= 9 || RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /java/
+    it "Struct#layout withs with a hash of :name => type" do
+      class HashLayout < FFI::Struct
+        layout :a => :int, :b => :long_long
+      end
+      ll_off = (FFI::TYPE_UINT64.alignment == 4? 4 : 8)
+      HashLayout.size.should == (ll_off + 8)
+      mp = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(HashLayout.size)
+      s = HashLayout.new mp
+      s[:a] = 0x12345678
+      mp.get_int(0).should == 0x12345678
+      s[:b] = 0xfee1deadbeef
+      mp.get_int64(ll_off).should == 0xfee1deadbeef
+      end
+  end
+  it "Can use Struct subclass as parameter type" do
+    module StructParam
+      extend FFI::Library
+      ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+      class TestStruct < FFI::Struct
+        layout :c, :char
+      end
+      attach_function :struct_field_s8, [ TestStruct ], :char
+    end
+  end
+  it "Can use Struct subclass as IN parameter type" do
+    module StructParam
+      extend FFI::Library
+      ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+      class TestStruct < FFI::Struct
+        layout :c, :char
+      end
+      attach_function :struct_field_s8, [ TestStruct.in ], :char
+    end
+  end
+  it "Can use Struct subclass as OUT parameter type" do
+    module StructParam
+      extend FFI::Library
+      ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+      class TestStruct < FFI::Struct
+        layout :c, :char
+      end
+      attach_function :struct_field_s8, [ TestStruct.out ], :char
+    end
+  end
+  it "can be passed directly as a :pointer parameter" do
+    class TestStruct < FFI::Struct
+      layout :i, :int
+    end
+    s = TestStruct.new
+    s[:i] = 0x12
+    LibTest.ptr_ret_int32_t(s, 0).should == 0x12
+  end
+  it ":char member aligned correctly" do
+    class AlignChar < FFI::Struct
+      layout :c, :char, :v, :char
+    end
+    s = AlignChar.new
+    s[:v] = 0x12
+    LibTest.struct_align_s8(s.pointer).should == 0x12
+  end
+  it ":short member aligned correctly" do
+    class AlignShort < FFI::Struct
+      layout :c, :char, :v, :short
+    end
+    s = AlignShort.alloc_in
+    s[:v] = 0x1234
+    LibTest.struct_align_s16(s.pointer).should == 0x1234
+  end
+  it ":int member aligned correctly" do
+    class AlignInt < FFI::Struct
+      layout :c, :char, :v, :int
+    end
+    s = AlignInt.alloc_in
+    s[:v] = 0x12345678
+    LibTest.struct_align_s32(s.pointer).should == 0x12345678
+  end
+  it ":long_long member aligned correctly" do
+    class AlignLongLong < FFI::Struct
+      layout :c, :char, :v, :long_long
+    end
+    s = AlignLongLong.alloc_in
+    s[:v] = 0x123456789abcdef0
+    LibTest.struct_align_s64(s.pointer).should == 0x123456789abcdef0
+  end
+  it ":long member aligned correctly" do
+    class AlignLong < FFI::Struct
+      layout :c, :char, :v, :long
+    end
+    s = AlignLong.alloc_in
+    s[:v] = 0x12345678
+    LibTest.struct_align_long(s.pointer).should == 0x12345678
+  end
+  it ":float member aligned correctly" do
+    class AlignFloat < FFI::Struct
+      layout :c, :char, :v, :float
+    end
+    s = AlignFloat.alloc_in
+    s[:v] = 1.23456
+    (LibTest.struct_align_f32(s.pointer) - 1.23456).abs.should < 0.00001
+  end
+  it ":double member aligned correctly" do
+    class AlignDouble < FFI::Struct
+      layout :c, :char, :v, :double
+    end
+    s = AlignDouble.alloc_in
+    s[:v] = 1.23456789
+    (LibTest.struct_align_f64(s.pointer) - 1.23456789).abs.should < 0.00000001
+  end
+  it ":ulong, :pointer struct" do
+    class ULPStruct < FFI::Struct
+      layout :ul, :ulong, :p, :pointer
+    end
+    s = ULPStruct.alloc_in
+    s[:ul] = 0xdeadbeef
+    s[:p] = LibTest.ptr_from_address(0x12345678)
+    s.pointer.get_ulong(0).should == 0xdeadbeef
+  end
+  def test_num_field(type, v)
+    klass = Class.new(FFI::Struct)
+    klass.layout :v, type, :dummy, :long
+    
+    s = klass.new
+    s[:v] = v
+    s.pointer.send("get_#{type.to_s}", 0).should == v
+    s.pointer.send("put_#{type.to_s}", 0, 0)
+    s[:v].should == 0
+  end
+  def self.int_field_test(type, values)
+    values.each do |v|
+      it "#{type} field r/w (#{v.to_s(16)})" do
+        test_num_field(type, v)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  int_field_test(:char, [ 0, 127, -128, -1 ])
+  int_field_test(:uchar, [ 0, 0x7f, 0x80, 0xff ])
+  int_field_test(:short, [ 0, 0x7fff, -0x8000, -1 ])
+  int_field_test(:ushort, [ 0, 0x7fff, 0x8000, 0xffff ])
+  int_field_test(:int, [ 0, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000, -1 ])
+  int_field_test(:uint, [ 0, 0x7fffffff, 0x80000000, 0xffffffff ])
+  int_field_test(:long_long, [ 0, 0x7fffffffffffffff, -0x8000000000000000, -1 ])
+  int_field_test(:ulong_long, [ 0, 0x7fffffffffffffff, 0x8000000000000000, 0xffffffffffffffff ])
+  if FFI::Platform::LONG_SIZE == 32
+    int_field_test(:long, [ 0, 0x7fffffff, -0x80000000, -1 ])
+    int_field_test(:ulong, [ 0, 0x7fffffff, 0x80000000, 0xffffffff ])
+  else
+    int_field_test(:long, [ 0, 0x7fffffffffffffff, -0x8000000000000000, -1 ])
+    int_field_test(:ulong, [ 0, 0x7fffffffffffffff, 0x8000000000000000, 0xffffffffffffffff ])
+  end
+  it ":float field r/w" do
+    klass = Class.new(FFI::Struct)
+    klass.layout :v, :float, :dummy, :long
+
+    s = klass.new
+    value = 1.23456
+    s[:v] = value
+    (s.pointer.get_float(0) - value).abs.should < 0.0001
+  end
+  it ":double field r/w" do
+    klass = Class.new(FFI::Struct)
+    klass.layout :v, :double, :dummy, :long
+
+    s = klass.new
+    value = 1.23456
+    s[:v] = value
+    (s.pointer.get_double(0) - value).abs.should < 0.0001
+  end
+  module CallbackMember
+    extend FFI::Library
+    ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+    callback :add, [ :int, :int ], :int
+    callback :sub, [ :int, :int ], :int
+    class TestStruct < FFI::Struct
+      layout :add, :add,
+        :sub, :sub
+    end
+    attach_function :struct_call_add_cb, [TestStruct, :int, :int], :int
+    attach_function :struct_call_sub_cb, [TestStruct, :int, :int], :int
+  end
+  it "Can have CallbackInfo struct field" do
+      s = CallbackMember::TestStruct.new
+      add_proc = lambda { |a, b| a+b }
+      sub_proc = lambda { |a, b| a-b }
+      s[:add] = add_proc
+      s[:sub] = sub_proc
+      CallbackMember.struct_call_add_cb(s.pointer, 40, 2).should == 42
+      CallbackMember.struct_call_sub_cb(s.pointer, 44, 2).should == 42
+  end
+  it "Can return its members as a list" do
+    class TestStruct < FFI::Struct
+      layout :a, :int, :b, :int, :c, :int
+    end
+    TestStruct.members.should include(:a, :b, :c)
+  end
+  it "Can return its instance members and values as lists" do
+    class TestStruct < FFI::Struct
+      layout :a, :int, :b, :int, :c, :int
+    end
+    s = TestStruct.new
+    s.members.should include(:a, :b, :c)
+    s[:a] = 1
+    s[:b] = 2
+    s[:c] = 3
+    s.values.should include(1, 2, 3)
+  end
+  it 'should return an ordered field/offset pairs array' do
+    class TestStruct < FFI::Struct
+      layout :a, :int, :b, :int, :c, :int
+    end
+    s = TestStruct.new
+    s.offsets.should == [[:a, 0], [:b, 4], [:c, 8]]
+    TestStruct.offsets.should == [[:a, 0], [:b, 4], [:c, 8]]
+  end
+  it "Struct#offset_of returns offset of field within struct" do
+    class TestStruct < FFI::Struct
+      layout :a, :int, :b, :int, :c, :int
+    end
+    TestStruct.offset_of(:a).should == 0
+    TestStruct.offset_of(:b).should == 4
+    TestStruct.offset_of(:c).should == 8
+  end
+end
+
+describe FFI::Struct, ' with a nested struct field'  do
+  module LibTest
+    extend FFI::Library
+    ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+    class NestedStruct < FFI::Struct
+      layout :i, :int
+    end
+    class ContainerStruct < FFI::Struct
+      layout :first, :char, :ns, NestedStruct
+    end
+    attach_function :struct_align_nested_struct, [ :pointer ], :int
+    attach_function :struct_make_container_struct, [ :int ], :pointer
+  end
+  before do
+    @cs = LibTest::ContainerStruct.new
+  end
+  it 'should align correctly nested struct field' do
+    @cs[:ns][:i] = 123
+    LibTest.struct_align_nested_struct(@cs.to_ptr).should == 123
+  end
+  it 'should correctly calculate Container size (in bytes)' do
+    LibTest::ContainerStruct.size.should == 8
+  end
+  it 'should return a Struct object when the field is accessed' do
+    @cs[:ns].is_a?(FFI::Struct).should be_true 
+  end
+  it 'should read a value from memory' do
+    @cs = LibTest::ContainerStruct.new(LibTest.struct_make_container_struct(123))
+    @cs[:ns][:i].should == 123
+  end
+  it 'should write a value to memory' do
+    @cs = LibTest::ContainerStruct.new(LibTest.struct_make_container_struct(123))
+    @cs[:ns][:i] = 456
+    LibTest.struct_align_nested_struct(@cs.to_ptr).should == 456
+  end
+end
+
+describe FFI::Struct, ' by value'  do
+  module LibTest
+    extend FFI::Library
+    ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+
+    class S8S32 < FFI::Struct
+      layout :s8, :char, :s32, :int
+    end
+    attach_function :struct_return_s8s32, [ ], S8S32.by_value
+    attach_function :struct_s8s32_set, [ :char, :int ], S8S32.by_value
+    attach_function :struct_s8s32_get_s8, [ S8S32.by_value ], :char
+    attach_function :struct_s8s32_get_s32, [ S8S32.by_value ], :int
+    attach_function :struct_s8s32_s32_ret_s32, [ S8S32.by_value, :int ], :int
+    attach_function :struct_s8s32_s64_ret_s64, [ S8S32.by_value, :long_long ], :long_long
+  end
+
+  it 'return using pre-set values' do
+    s = LibTest.struct_return_s8s32
+    s[:s8].should == 0x7f
+    s[:s32].should == 0x12345678
+  end
+
+  it 'return using passed in values' do
+    s = LibTest.struct_s8s32_set(123, 456789)
+    s[:s8].should == 123
+    s[:s32].should == 456789
+  end
+
+  it 'parameter' do
+    s = LibTest::S8S32.new
+    s[:s8] = 0x12
+    s[:s32] = 0x34567890
+    LibTest.struct_s8s32_get_s8(s).should == 0x12
+    LibTest.struct_s8s32_get_s32(s).should == 0x34567890
+  end
+
+  it 'parameter with following s32' do
+    s = LibTest::S8S32.new
+    s[:s8] = 0x12
+    s[:s32] = 0x34567890
+    
+    LibTest.struct_s8s32_s32_ret_s32(s, 0x1eefdead).should == 0x1eefdead
+  end
+
+  it 'parameter with following s64' do
+    s = LibTest::S8S32.new
+    s[:s8] = 0x12
+    s[:s32] = 0x34567890
+
+    LibTest.struct_s8s32_s64_ret_s64(s, 0xdeadcafebabe).should == 0xdeadcafebabe
+  end
+end
+
+describe FFI::Struct, ' with an array field'  do
+  module LibTest
+    extend FFI::Library
+    ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+    class StructWithArray < FFI::Struct
+      layout :first, :char, :a, [:int, 5]
+    end
+    attach_function :struct_make_struct_with_array, [:int, :int, :int, :int, :int], :pointer
+    attach_function :struct_field_array, [:pointer], :pointer
+  end
+  before do
+    @s = LibTest::StructWithArray.new
+  end
+  it 'should correctly calculate StructWithArray size (in bytes)' do
+    LibTest::StructWithArray.size.should == 24
+  end
+  it 'should read values from memory' do
+    @s = LibTest::StructWithArray.new(LibTest.struct_make_struct_with_array(0, 1, 2, 3, 4))
+    @s[:a].to_a.should == [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
+  end
+#  it 'should cache array object for successive calls' do
+#    @s[:a].object_id.should == @s[:a].object_id
+#  end
+  it 'should return the size of the array field in bytes' do
+    @s = LibTest::StructWithArray.new(LibTest.struct_make_struct_with_array(0, 1, 2, 3, 4))
+    @s[:a].size.should == 20
+  end
+  it 'should allow iteration through the array elements' do
+    @s = LibTest::StructWithArray.new(LibTest.struct_make_struct_with_array(0, 1, 2, 3, 4))
+    @s[:a].each_with_index { |elem, i| elem.should == i }  
+  end
+  it 'should return the pointer to the array' do
+    @s = LibTest::StructWithArray.new(LibTest.struct_make_struct_with_array(0, 1, 2, 3, 4))
+    @s[:a].to_ptr.should == LibTest::struct_field_array(@s.to_ptr)
+  end
+end
+
+describe 'BuggedStruct' do
+  module LibTest
+    extend FFI::Library
+    ffi_lib TestLibrary::PATH
+    class BuggedStruct < FFI::Struct
+      layout :visible, :uchar,
+              :x, :uint,
+              :y, :uint,
+              :rx, :short,
+              :ry, :short,
+              :order, :uchar,
+              :size, :uchar
+    end
+    attach_function :bugged_struct_size, [], :uint
+  end
+  it 'should return its correct size' do
+    LibTest::BuggedStruct.size.should == LibTest.bugged_struct_size
+  end
+  it "offsets within struct should be correct" do
+    LibTest::BuggedStruct.offset_of(:visible).should == 0
+    LibTest::BuggedStruct.offset_of(:x).should == 4
+    LibTest::BuggedStruct.offset_of(:y).should == 8
+    LibTest::BuggedStruct.offset_of(:rx).should == 12
+    LibTest::BuggedStruct.offset_of(:ry).should == 14
+    LibTest::BuggedStruct.offset_of(:order).should == 16
+    LibTest::BuggedStruct.offset_of(:size).should == 17
+  end
+  it 'should return correct field/offset pairs' do
+    LibTest::BuggedStruct.offsets.sort do |a, b|
+      a[1] <=> b[1] 
+    end.should == [[:visible, 0], [:x, 4], [:y, 8], [:rx, 12], [:ry, 14], [:order, 16], [:size, 17]]
+  end
+end
+
+describe "Struct allocation" do
+  it "MemoryPointer.new(Struct, 2)" do
+    class S < FFI::Struct
+      layout :i, :uint
+    end
+    p = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(S, 2)
+    p.total.should == 8
+    p.type_size.should == 4
+    p.put_uint(4, 0xdeadbeef)
+    S.new(p[1])[:i].should == 0xdeadbeef
+    p[1].address.should == (p[0].address + 4)
+  end
+
+  it "Buffer.new(Struct, 2)" do
+    class S < FFI::Struct
+      layout :i, :uint
+    end
+    p = FFI::Buffer.new(S, 2)
+    p.total.should == 8
+    p.type_size.should == 4
+    p.put_uint(4, 0xdeadbeef)
+    S.new(p[1])[:i].should == 0xdeadbeef
+  end
+end