docspring 3.0.0 → 3.1.0

data/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.3.0/gems/io-console-0.8.0/ext/io/console/console.c

@@ -0,0 +1,1969 @@
+/* -*- c-file-style: "ruby"; indent-tabs-mode: t -*- */
+/*
+ * console IO module
+ */
+
+static const char *const
+IO_CONSOLE_VERSION = "0.8.0";
+
+#include "ruby.h"
+#include "ruby/io.h"
+#include "ruby/thread.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H
+# include <termios.h>
+typedef struct termios conmode;
+
+static int
+setattr(int fd, conmode *t)
+{
+    while (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, t)) {
+	if (errno != EINTR) return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+# define getattr(fd, t) (tcgetattr(fd, t) == 0)
+#elif defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
+# include <termio.h>
+typedef struct termio conmode;
+# define setattr(fd, t) (ioctl(fd, TCSETAF, t) == 0)
+# define getattr(fd, t) (ioctl(fd, TCGETA, t) == 0)
+#elif defined HAVE_SGTTY_H
+# include <sgtty.h>
+typedef struct sgttyb conmode;
+# ifdef HAVE_STTY
+# define setattr(fd, t)  (stty(fd, t) == 0)
+# else
+# define setattr(fd, t)  (ioctl((fd), TIOCSETP, (t)) == 0)
+# endif
+# ifdef HAVE_GTTY
+# define getattr(fd, t)  (gtty(fd, t) == 0)
+# else
+# define getattr(fd, t)  (ioctl((fd), TIOCGETP, (t)) == 0)
+# endif
+#elif defined _WIN32
+#include <winioctl.h>
+#include <conio.h>
+typedef DWORD conmode;
+
+#define LAST_ERROR rb_w32_map_errno(GetLastError())
+#define SET_LAST_ERROR (errno = LAST_ERROR, 0)
+
+static int
+setattr(int fd, conmode *t)
+{
+    int x = SetConsoleMode((HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(fd), *t);
+    if (!x) errno = LAST_ERROR;
+    return x;
+}
+
+static int
+getattr(int fd, conmode *t)
+{
+    int x = GetConsoleMode((HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(fd), t);
+    if (!x) errno = LAST_ERROR;
+    return x;
+}
+#endif
+#ifndef SET_LAST_ERROR
+#define SET_LAST_ERROR (0)
+#endif
+
+#define CSI "\x1b\x5b"
+
+static ID id_getc, id_close;
+static ID id_gets, id_flush, id_chomp_bang;
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_INTERNED_STR_CSTR
+# define rb_str_to_interned_str(str) rb_str_freeze(str)
+# define rb_interned_str_cstr(str) rb_str_freeze(rb_usascii_str_new_cstr(str))
+#endif
+
+#if defined HAVE_RUBY_FIBER_SCHEDULER_H
+# include "ruby/fiber/scheduler.h"
+#elif defined HAVE_RB_SCHEDULER_TIMEOUT
+extern VALUE rb_scheduler_timeout(struct timeval *timeout);
+# define rb_fiber_scheduler_make_timeout rb_scheduler_timeout
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_DESCRIPTOR
+static int
+io_descriptor_fallback(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    return fptr->fd;
+}
+#define rb_io_descriptor io_descriptor_fallback
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_PATH
+static VALUE
+io_path_fallback(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    return fptr->pathv;
+}
+#define rb_io_path io_path_fallback
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_GET_WRITE_IO
+static VALUE
+io_get_write_io_fallback(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    VALUE wio = fptr->tied_io_for_writing;
+    return wio ? wio : io;
+}
+#define rb_io_get_write_io io_get_write_io_fallback
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DHAVE_RB_SYSERR_FAIL_STR
+# define rb_syserr_fail_str(e, mesg) rb_exc_raise(rb_syserr_new_str(e, mesg))
+#endif
+
+#define sys_fail(io) do { \
+    int err = errno; \
+    rb_syserr_fail_str(err, rb_io_path(io)); \
+} while (0)
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_F_SEND
+#ifndef RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS
+# define rb_funcallv_kw(recv, mid, arg, argv, kw_splat) rb_funcallv(recv, mid, arg, argv)
+#endif
+
+static ID id___send__;
+
+static VALUE
+rb_f_send(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE recv)
+{
+    VALUE sym = argv[0];
+    ID vid = rb_check_id(&sym);
+    if (vid) {
+	--argc;
+	++argv;
+    }
+    else {
+	vid = id___send__;
+    }
+    return rb_funcallv_kw(recv, vid, argc, argv, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
+}
+#endif
+
+enum rawmode_opt_ids {
+    kwd_min,
+    kwd_time,
+    kwd_intr,
+    rawmode_opt_id_count
+};
+static ID rawmode_opt_ids[rawmode_opt_id_count];
+
+typedef struct {
+    int vmin;
+    int vtime;
+    int intr;
+} rawmode_arg_t;
+
+#ifndef UNDEF_P
+# define UNDEF_P(obj) ((obj) == Qundef)
+#endif
+#ifndef NIL_OR_UNDEF_P
+# define NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(obj) (NIL_P(obj) || UNDEF_P(obj))
+#endif
+
+static rawmode_arg_t *
+rawmode_opt(int *argcp, VALUE *argv, int min_argc, int max_argc, rawmode_arg_t *opts)
+{
+    int argc = *argcp;
+    rawmode_arg_t *optp = NULL;
+    VALUE vopts = Qnil;
+    VALUE optvals[rawmode_opt_id_count];
+#ifdef RB_SCAN_ARGS_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS
+    argc = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "*:", NULL, &vopts);
+#else
+    if (argc > min_argc)  {
+	vopts = rb_check_hash_type(argv[argc-1]);
+	if (!NIL_P(vopts)) {
+	    argv[argc-1] = vopts;
+	    vopts = rb_extract_keywords(&argv[argc-1]);
+	    if (!argv[argc-1]) *argcp = --argc;
+	    if (!vopts) vopts = Qnil;
+	}
+    }
+#endif
+    rb_check_arity(argc, min_argc, max_argc);
+    if (rb_get_kwargs(vopts, rawmode_opt_ids,
+		      0, rawmode_opt_id_count, optvals)) {
+	VALUE vmin = optvals[kwd_min];
+	VALUE vtime = optvals[kwd_time];
+	VALUE intr = optvals[kwd_intr];
+	/* default values by `stty raw` */
+	opts->vmin = 1;
+	opts->vtime = 0;
+	opts->intr = 0;
+	if (!NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(vmin)) {
+	    opts->vmin = NUM2INT(vmin);
+	    optp = opts;
+	}
+	if (!NIL_OR_UNDEF_P(vtime)) {
+	    VALUE v10 = INT2FIX(10);
+	    vtime = rb_funcall3(vtime, '*', 1, &v10);
+	    opts->vtime = NUM2INT(vtime);
+	    optp = opts;
+	}
+	switch (intr) {
+	  case Qtrue:
+	    opts->intr = 1;
+	    optp = opts;
+	    break;
+	  case Qfalse:
+	    opts->intr = 0;
+	    optp = opts;
+	    break;
+	  case Qundef:
+	  case Qnil:
+	    break;
+	  default:
+	    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "true or false expected as intr: %"PRIsVALUE,
+		     intr);
+	}
+    }
+    return optp;
+}
+
+static void
+set_rawmode(conmode *t, void *arg)
+{
+#ifdef HAVE_CFMAKERAW
+    cfmakeraw(t);
+    t->c_lflag &= ~(ECHOE|ECHOK);
+#elif defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
+    t->c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK|BRKINT|IGNPAR|PARMRK|INPCK|ISTRIP|INLCR|IGNCR|ICRNL|IXON|IXOFF|IXANY|IMAXBEL);
+    t->c_oflag &= ~OPOST;
+    t->c_lflag &= ~(ECHO|ECHOE|ECHOK|ECHONL|ICANON|ISIG|IEXTEN|XCASE);
+    t->c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE|PARENB);
+    t->c_cflag |= CS8;
+    t->c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
+    t->c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
+#elif defined HAVE_SGTTY_H
+    t->sg_flags &= ~ECHO;
+    t->sg_flags |= RAW;
+#elif defined _WIN32
+    *t = 0;
+#endif
+    if (arg) {
+	const rawmode_arg_t *r = arg;
+#ifdef VMIN
+	if (r->vmin >= 0) t->c_cc[VMIN] = r->vmin;
+#endif
+#ifdef VTIME
+	if (r->vtime >= 0) t->c_cc[VTIME] = r->vtime;
+#endif
+#ifdef ISIG
+	if (r->intr) {
+	    t->c_iflag |= BRKINT;
+	    t->c_lflag |= ISIG;
+	    t->c_oflag |= OPOST;
+	}
+#endif
+	(void)r;
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+set_cookedmode(conmode *t, void *arg)
+{
+#if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
+    t->c_iflag |= (BRKINT|ISTRIP|ICRNL|IXON);
+    t->c_oflag |= OPOST;
+    t->c_lflag |= (ECHO|ECHOE|ECHOK|ECHONL|ICANON|ISIG|IEXTEN);
+#elif defined HAVE_SGTTY_H
+    t->sg_flags |= ECHO;
+    t->sg_flags &= ~RAW;
+#elif defined _WIN32
+    *t |= ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT|ENABLE_LINE_INPUT|ENABLE_PROCESSED_INPUT;
+#endif
+}
+
+static void
+set_noecho(conmode *t, void *arg)
+{
+#if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
+    t->c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHONL);
+#elif defined HAVE_SGTTY_H
+    t->sg_flags &= ~ECHO;
+#elif defined _WIN32
+    *t &= ~ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT;
+#endif
+}
+
+static void
+set_echo(conmode *t, void *arg)
+{
+#if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
+    t->c_lflag |= (ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHONL);
+#elif defined HAVE_SGTTY_H
+    t->sg_flags |= ECHO;
+#elif defined _WIN32
+    *t |= ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT;
+#endif
+}
+
+static int
+echo_p(conmode *t)
+{
+#if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
+    return (t->c_lflag & (ECHO | ECHONL)) != 0;
+#elif defined HAVE_SGTTY_H
+    return (t->sg_flags & ECHO) != 0;
+#elif defined _WIN32
+    return (*t & ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT) != 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+static int
+set_ttymode(int fd, conmode *t, void (*setter)(conmode *, void *), void *arg)
+{
+    conmode r;
+    if (!getattr(fd, t)) return 0;
+    r = *t;
+    setter(&r, arg);
+    return setattr(fd, &r);
+}
+
+#define GetReadFD(io) rb_io_descriptor(io)
+#define GetWriteFD(io) rb_io_descriptor(rb_io_get_write_io(io))
+
+#define FD_PER_IO 2
+
+static VALUE
+ttymode(VALUE io, VALUE (*func)(VALUE), VALUE farg, void (*setter)(conmode *, void *), void *arg)
+{
+    int status = -1;
+    int error = 0;
+    int fd[FD_PER_IO];
+    conmode t[FD_PER_IO];
+    VALUE result = Qnil;
+
+    fd[0] = GetReadFD(io);
+    if (fd[0] != -1) {
+	if (set_ttymode(fd[0], t+0, setter, arg)) {
+	    status = 0;
+	}
+	else {
+	    error = errno;
+	    fd[0] = -1;
+	}
+    }
+    fd[1] = GetWriteFD(io);
+    if (fd[1] != -1 && fd[1] != fd[0]) {
+	if (set_ttymode(fd[1], t+1, setter, arg)) {
+	    status = 0;
+	}
+	else {
+	    error = errno;
+	    fd[1] = -1;
+	}
+    }
+    if (status == 0) {
+	result = rb_protect(func, farg, &status);
+    }
+    if (fd[0] != -1 && fd[0] == GetReadFD(io)) {
+	if (!setattr(fd[0], t+0)) {
+	    error = errno;
+	    status = -1;
+	}
+    }
+    if (fd[1] != -1 && fd[1] != fd[0] && fd[1] == GetWriteFD(io)) {
+	if (!setattr(fd[1], t+1)) {
+	    error = errno;
+	    status = -1;
+	}
+    }
+    if (status) {
+	if (status == -1) {
+	    rb_syserr_fail(error, 0);
+	}
+	rb_jump_tag(status);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+#if !defined _WIN32
+struct ttymode_callback_args {
+    VALUE (*func)(VALUE, VALUE);
+    VALUE io;
+    VALUE farg;
+};
+
+static VALUE
+ttymode_callback(VALUE args)
+{
+    struct ttymode_callback_args *argp = (struct ttymode_callback_args *)args;
+    return argp->func(argp->io, argp->farg);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+ttymode_with_io(VALUE io, VALUE (*func)(VALUE, VALUE), VALUE farg, void (*setter)(conmode *, void *), void *arg)
+{
+    struct ttymode_callback_args cargs;
+    cargs.func = func;
+    cargs.io = io;
+    cargs.farg = farg;
+    return ttymode(io, ttymode_callback, (VALUE)&cargs, setter, arg);
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.raw(min: nil, time: nil, intr: nil) {|io| }
+ *
+ * Yields +self+ within raw mode, and returns the result of the block.
+ *
+ *   STDIN.raw(&:gets)
+ *
+ * will read and return a line without echo back and line editing.
+ *
+ * The parameter +min+ specifies the minimum number of bytes that
+ * should be received when a read operation is performed. (default: 1)
+ *
+ * The parameter +time+ specifies the timeout in _seconds_ with a
+ * precision of 1/10 of a second. (default: 0)
+ *
+ * If the parameter +intr+ is +true+, enables break, interrupt, quit,
+ * and suspend special characters.
+ *
+ * Refer to the manual page of termios for further details.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_raw(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
+{
+    rawmode_arg_t opts, *optp = rawmode_opt(&argc, argv, 0, 0, &opts);
+    return ttymode(io, rb_yield, io, set_rawmode, optp);
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.raw!(min: nil, time: nil, intr: nil) -> io
+ *
+ * Enables raw mode, and returns +io+.
+ *
+ * If the terminal mode needs to be back, use <code>io.raw { ... }</code>.
+ *
+ * See IO#raw for details on the parameters.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_set_raw(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
+{
+    conmode t;
+    rawmode_arg_t opts, *optp = rawmode_opt(&argc, argv, 0, 0, &opts);
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
+    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
+    set_rawmode(&t, optp);
+    if (!setattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
+    return io;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.cooked {|io| }
+ *
+ * Yields +self+ within cooked mode.
+ *
+ *   STDIN.cooked(&:gets)
+ *
+ * will read and return a line with echo back and line editing.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_cooked(VALUE io)
+{
+    return ttymode(io, rb_yield, io, set_cookedmode, NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.cooked!
+ *
+ * Enables cooked mode.
+ *
+ * If the terminal mode needs to be back, use io.cooked { ... }.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_set_cooked(VALUE io)
+{
+    conmode t;
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
+    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
+    set_cookedmode(&t, NULL);
+    if (!setattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
+    return io;
+}
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+static VALUE
+getc_call(VALUE io)
+{
+    return rb_funcallv(io, id_getc, 0, 0);
+}
+#else
+static void *
+nogvl_getch(void *p)
+{
+    int len = 0;
+    wint_t *buf = p, c = _getwch();
+
+    switch (c) {
+      case WEOF:
+	break;
+      case 0x00:
+      case 0xe0:
+	buf[len++] = c;
+	c = _getwch();
+	/* fall through */
+      default:
+	buf[len++] = c;
+	break;
+    }
+    return (void *)(VALUE)len;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.getch(min: nil, time: nil, intr: nil) -> char
+ *
+ * Reads and returns a character in raw mode.
+ *
+ * See IO#raw for details on the parameters.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_getch(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
+{
+    rawmode_arg_t opts, *optp = rawmode_opt(&argc, argv, 0, 0, &opts);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    return ttymode(io, getc_call, io, set_rawmode, optp);
+#else
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    VALUE str;
+    wint_t c;
+    int len;
+    char buf[8];
+    wint_t wbuf[2];
+# ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_WAIT
+    struct timeval *to = NULL, tv;
+# else
+    VALUE timeout = Qnil;
+# endif
+
+    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
+    if (optp) {
+	if (optp->vtime) {
+# ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_WAIT
+	    to = &tv;
+# else
+	    struct timeval tv;
+# endif
+	    tv.tv_sec = optp->vtime / 10;
+	    tv.tv_usec = (optp->vtime % 10) * 100000;
+# ifdef HAVE_RB_IO_WAIT
+	    timeout = rb_fiber_scheduler_make_timeout(&tv);
+# endif
+	}
+	switch (optp->vmin) {
+	  case 1: /* default */
+	    break;
+	  case 0: /* return nil when timed out */
+	    if (optp->vtime) break;
+	    /* fallthru */
+	  default:
+	    rb_warning("min option larger than 1 ignored");
+	}
+	if (optp->intr) {
+# ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_WAIT
+	    int w = rb_wait_for_single_fd(fptr->fd, RB_WAITFD_IN, to);
+	    if (w < 0) rb_eof_error();
+	    if (!(w & RB_WAITFD_IN)) return Qnil;
+# else
+	    VALUE result = rb_io_wait(io, RB_INT2NUM(RUBY_IO_READABLE), timeout);
+	    if (!RTEST(result)) return Qnil;
+# endif
+	}
+	else if (optp->vtime) {
+	    rb_warning("Non-zero vtime option ignored if intr flag is unset");
+	}
+    }
+    len = (int)(VALUE)rb_thread_call_without_gvl(nogvl_getch, wbuf, RUBY_UBF_IO, 0);
+    switch (len) {
+      case 0:
+	return Qnil;
+      case 2:
+	buf[0] = (char)wbuf[0];
+	c = wbuf[1];
+	len = 1;
+	do {
+	    buf[len++] = (unsigned char)c;
+	} while ((c >>= CHAR_BIT) && len < (int)sizeof(buf));
+	return rb_str_new(buf, len);
+      default:
+	c = wbuf[0];
+	len = rb_uv_to_utf8(buf, c);
+	str = rb_utf8_str_new(buf, len);
+	return rb_str_conv_enc(str, NULL, rb_default_external_encoding());
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.noecho {|io| }
+ *
+ * Yields +self+ with disabling echo back.
+ *
+ *   STDIN.noecho(&:gets)
+ *
+ * will read and return a line without echo back.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_noecho(VALUE io)
+{
+    return ttymode(io, rb_yield, io, set_noecho, NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.echo = flag
+ *
+ * Enables/disables echo back.
+ * On some platforms, all combinations of this flags and raw/cooked
+ * mode may not be valid.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_set_echo(VALUE io, VALUE f)
+{
+    conmode t;
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
+
+    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
+
+    if (RTEST(f))
+        set_echo(&t, NULL);
+    else
+        set_noecho(&t, NULL);
+
+    if (!setattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
+
+    return io;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.echo?       -> true or false
+ *
+ * Returns +true+ if echo back is enabled.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_echo_p(VALUE io)
+{
+    conmode t;
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
+
+    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
+    return echo_p(&t) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+}
+
+static const rb_data_type_t conmode_type = {
+    "console-mode",
+    {0, RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE,},
+    0, 0,
+    RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED,
+};
+static VALUE cConmode;
+
+static VALUE
+conmode_alloc(VALUE klass)
+{
+    return rb_data_typed_object_zalloc(klass, sizeof(conmode), &conmode_type);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+conmode_new(VALUE klass, const conmode *t)
+{
+    VALUE obj = conmode_alloc(klass);
+    *(conmode *)DATA_PTR(obj) = *t;
+    return obj;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+conmode_init_copy(VALUE obj, VALUE obj2)
+{
+    conmode *t = rb_check_typeddata(obj, &conmode_type);
+    conmode *t2 = rb_check_typeddata(obj2, &conmode_type);
+    *t = *t2;
+    return obj;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+conmode_set_echo(VALUE obj, VALUE f)
+{
+    conmode *t = rb_check_typeddata(obj, &conmode_type);
+    if (RTEST(f))
+	set_echo(t, NULL);
+    else
+	set_noecho(t, NULL);
+    return obj;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+conmode_set_raw(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
+{
+    conmode *t = rb_check_typeddata(obj, &conmode_type);
+    rawmode_arg_t opts, *optp = rawmode_opt(&argc, argv, 0, 0, &opts);
+
+    set_rawmode(t, optp);
+    return obj;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+conmode_raw_new(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
+{
+    conmode *r = rb_check_typeddata(obj, &conmode_type);
+    conmode t = *r;
+    rawmode_arg_t opts, *optp = rawmode_opt(&argc, argv, 0, 0, &opts);
+
+    set_rawmode(&t, optp);
+    return conmode_new(rb_obj_class(obj), &t);
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.console_mode       -> mode
+ *
+ * Returns a data represents the current console mode.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_conmode_get(VALUE io)
+{
+    conmode t;
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
+
+    if (!getattr(fd, &t)) sys_fail(io);
+
+    return conmode_new(cConmode, &t);
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.console_mode = mode
+ *
+ * Sets the console mode to +mode+.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_conmode_set(VALUE io, VALUE mode)
+{
+    conmode *t, r;
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
+
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(mode, conmode, &conmode_type, t);
+    r = *t;
+
+    if (!setattr(fd, &r)) sys_fail(io);
+
+    return mode;
+}
+
+#if defined TIOCGWINSZ
+typedef struct winsize rb_console_size_t;
+#define getwinsize(fd, buf) (ioctl((fd), TIOCGWINSZ, (buf)) == 0)
+#define setwinsize(fd, buf) (ioctl((fd), TIOCSWINSZ, (buf)) == 0)
+#define winsize_row(buf) (buf)->ws_row
+#define winsize_col(buf) (buf)->ws_col
+#elif defined _WIN32
+typedef CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO rb_console_size_t;
+#define getwinsize(fd, buf) ( \
+    GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo((HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(fd), (buf)) || \
+    SET_LAST_ERROR)
+#define winsize_row(buf) ((buf)->srWindow.Bottom - (buf)->srWindow.Top + 1)
+#define winsize_col(buf) (buf)->dwSize.X
+#endif
+
+#if defined TIOCGWINSZ || defined _WIN32
+#define USE_CONSOLE_GETSIZE 1
+#endif
+
+#ifdef USE_CONSOLE_GETSIZE
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.winsize     -> [rows, columns]
+ *
+ * Returns console size.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_winsize(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+    int fd = GetWriteFD(io);
+    if (!getwinsize(fd, &ws)) sys_fail(io);
+    return rb_assoc_new(INT2NUM(winsize_row(&ws)), INT2NUM(winsize_col(&ws)));
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.winsize = [rows, columns]
+ *
+ * Tries to set console size.  The effect depends on the platform and
+ * the running environment.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_set_winsize(VALUE io, VALUE size)
+{
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+#if defined _WIN32
+    HANDLE wh;
+    int newrow, newcol;
+    BOOL ret;
+#endif
+    VALUE row, col, xpixel, ypixel;
+    const VALUE *sz;
+    long sizelen;
+    int fd;
+
+    size = rb_Array(size);
+    if ((sizelen = RARRAY_LEN(size)) != 2 && sizelen != 4) {
+        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong number of arguments (given %ld, expected 2 or 4)", sizelen);
+    }
+    sz = RARRAY_CONST_PTR(size);
+    row = sz[0], col = sz[1], xpixel = ypixel = Qnil;
+    if (sizelen == 4) xpixel = sz[2], ypixel = sz[3];
+    fd = GetWriteFD(io);
+#if defined TIOCSWINSZ
+    ws.ws_row = ws.ws_col = ws.ws_xpixel = ws.ws_ypixel = 0;
+#define SET(m) ws.ws_##m = NIL_P(m) ? 0 : (unsigned short)NUM2UINT(m)
+    SET(row);
+    SET(col);
+    SET(xpixel);
+    SET(ypixel);
+#undef SET
+    if (!setwinsize(fd, &ws)) sys_fail(io);
+#elif defined _WIN32
+    wh = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(fd);
+#define SET(m) new##m = NIL_P(m) ? 0 : (unsigned short)NUM2UINT(m)
+    SET(row);
+    SET(col);
+#undef SET
+    if (!NIL_P(xpixel)) (void)NUM2UINT(xpixel);
+    if (!NIL_P(ypixel)) (void)NUM2UINT(ypixel);
+    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(wh, &ws)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, "GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo");
+    }
+    ws.dwSize.X = newcol;
+    ret = SetConsoleScreenBufferSize(wh, ws.dwSize);
+    ws.srWindow.Left = 0;
+    ws.srWindow.Top = 0;
+    ws.srWindow.Right = newcol-1;
+    ws.srWindow.Bottom = newrow-1;
+    if (!SetConsoleWindowInfo(wh, TRUE, &ws.srWindow)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, "SetConsoleWindowInfo");
+    }
+    /* retry when shrinking buffer after shrunk window */
+    if (!ret && !SetConsoleScreenBufferSize(wh, ws.dwSize)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, "SetConsoleScreenBufferInfo");
+    }
+    /* remove scrollbar if possible */
+    if (!SetConsoleWindowInfo(wh, TRUE, &ws.srWindow)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, "SetConsoleWindowInfo");
+    }
+#endif
+    return io;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.check_winsize_changed { ... }   -> io
+ *
+ * Yields while console input events are queued.
+ *
+ * This method is Windows only.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_check_winsize_changed(VALUE io)
+{
+    HANDLE h;
+    DWORD num;
+
+    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetReadFD(io));
+    while (GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents(h, &num) && num > 0) {
+	INPUT_RECORD rec;
+	if (ReadConsoleInput(h, &rec, 1, &num)) {
+	    if (rec.EventType == WINDOW_BUFFER_SIZE_EVENT) {
+		rb_yield(Qnil);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    return io;
+}
+#else
+#define console_check_winsize_changed rb_f_notimplement
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.iflush
+ *
+ * Flushes input buffer in kernel.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_iflush(VALUE io)
+{
+#if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
+    int fd = GetReadFD(io);
+    if (tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH)) sys_fail(io);
+#endif
+
+    return io;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.oflush
+ *
+ * Flushes output buffer in kernel.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_oflush(VALUE io)
+{
+    int fd = GetWriteFD(io);
+#if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
+    if (tcflush(fd, TCOFLUSH)) sys_fail(io);
+#endif
+    (void)fd;
+    return io;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.ioflush
+ *
+ * Flushes input and output buffers in kernel.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_ioflush(VALUE io)
+{
+#if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H
+    int fd1 = GetReadFD(io);
+    int fd2 = GetWriteFD(io);
+
+    if (fd2 != -1 && fd1 != fd2) {
+        if (tcflush(fd1, TCIFLUSH)) sys_fail(io);
+        if (tcflush(fd2, TCOFLUSH)) sys_fail(io);
+    }
+    else {
+        if (tcflush(fd1, TCIOFLUSH)) sys_fail(io);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return io;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.beep
+ *
+ * Beeps on the output console.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_beep(VALUE io)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    MessageBeep(0);
+#else
+    int fd = GetWriteFD(io);
+    if (write(fd, "\a", 1) < 0) sys_fail(io);
+#endif
+    return io;
+}
+
+static int
+mode_in_range(VALUE val, int high, const char *modename)
+{
+    int mode;
+    if (NIL_P(val)) return 0;
+    if (!RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(val)) {
+      wrong_value:
+	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong %s mode: %"PRIsVALUE, modename, val);
+    }
+    if ((mode = NUM2INT(val)) < 0 || mode > high) {
+	goto wrong_value;
+    }
+    return mode;
+}
+
+#if defined _WIN32
+static void
+constat_clear(HANDLE handle, WORD attr, DWORD len, COORD pos)
+{
+    DWORD written;
+
+    FillConsoleOutputAttribute(handle, attr, len, pos, &written);
+    FillConsoleOutputCharacterW(handle, L' ', len, pos, &written);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+console_scroll(VALUE io, int line)
+{
+    HANDLE h;
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+
+    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(io));
+    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+    if (line) {
+	SMALL_RECT scroll;
+	COORD destination;
+	CHAR_INFO fill;
+	scroll.Left = 0;
+	scroll.Top = line > 0 ? line : 0;
+	scroll.Right = winsize_col(&ws) - 1;
+	scroll.Bottom = winsize_row(&ws) - 1 + (line < 0 ? line : 0);
+	destination.X = 0;
+	destination.Y = line < 0 ? -line : 0;
+	fill.Char.UnicodeChar = L' ';
+	fill.Attributes = ws.wAttributes;
+
+	ScrollConsoleScreenBuffer(h, &scroll, NULL, destination, &fill);
+    }
+    return io;
+}
+
+#define GPERF_DOWNCASE 1
+#define GPERF_CASE_STRCMP 1
+#define gperf_case_strcmp STRCASECMP
+#include "win32_vk.inc"
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.pressed?(key)   -> bool
+ *
+ * Returns +true+ if +key+ is pressed.  +key+ may be a virtual key
+ * code or its name (String or Symbol) with out "VK_" prefix.
+ *
+ * This method is Windows only.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_key_pressed_p(VALUE io, VALUE k)
+{
+    int vk = -1;
+
+    if (FIXNUM_P(k)) {
+	vk = NUM2UINT(k);
+    }
+    else {
+	const struct vktable *t;
+	const char *kn;
+	if (SYMBOL_P(k)) {
+	    k = rb_sym2str(k);
+	    kn = RSTRING_PTR(k);
+	}
+	else {
+	    kn = StringValuePtr(k);
+	}
+	t = console_win32_vk(kn, RSTRING_LEN(k));
+	if (!t || (vk = (short)t->vk) == -1) {
+	    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unknown virtual key code: % "PRIsVALUE, k);
+	}
+    }
+    return GetKeyState(vk) & 0x80 ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+}
+#else
+struct query_args {
+    char qstr[6];
+    unsigned char opt;
+};
+
+static int
+direct_query(VALUE io, const struct query_args *query)
+{
+    if (RB_TYPE_P(io, T_FILE)) {
+        VALUE wio = rb_io_get_write_io(io);
+        VALUE s = rb_str_new_cstr(query->qstr);
+        rb_io_write(wio, s);
+        rb_io_flush(wio);
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+read_vt_response(VALUE io, VALUE query)
+{
+    struct query_args *qargs = (struct query_args *)query;
+    VALUE result, b;
+    int opt = 0;
+    int num = 0;
+    if (qargs) {
+	opt = qargs->opt;
+	if (!direct_query(io, qargs)) return Qnil;
+    }
+    if (rb_io_getbyte(io) != INT2FIX(0x1b)) return Qnil;
+    if (rb_io_getbyte(io) != INT2FIX('[')) return Qnil;
+    result = rb_ary_new();
+    while (!NIL_P(b = rb_io_getbyte(io))) {
+	int c = NUM2UINT(b);
+	if (c == ';') {
+	    rb_ary_push(result, INT2NUM(num));
+	    num = 0;
+	}
+	else if (ISDIGIT(c)) {
+	    num = num * 10 + c - '0';
+	}
+	else if (opt && c == opt) {
+	    opt = 0;
+	}
+	else {
+	    char last = (char)c;
+	    rb_ary_push(result, INT2NUM(num));
+	    b = rb_str_new(&last, 1);
+	    break;
+	}
+    }
+    return rb_ary_push(result, b);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+console_vt_response(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io, const struct query_args *qargs)
+{
+    rawmode_arg_t opts, *optp = rawmode_opt(&argc, argv, 0, 1, &opts);
+    VALUE query = (VALUE)qargs;
+    VALUE ret = ttymode_with_io(io, read_vt_response, query, set_rawmode, optp);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+console_scroll(VALUE io, int line)
+{
+    if (line) {
+	VALUE s = rb_sprintf(CSI "%d%c", line < 0 ? -line : line,
+			     line < 0 ? 'T' : 'S');
+	rb_io_write(io, s);
+    }
+    return io;
+}
+
+# define console_key_pressed_p rb_f_notimplement
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.cursor -> [row, column]
+ *
+ * Returns the current cursor position as a two-element array of integers (row, column)
+ *
+ *   io.cursor # => [3, 5]
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_cursor_pos(VALUE io)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+    int fd = GetWriteFD(io);
+    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo((HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(fd), &ws)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+    return rb_assoc_new(UINT2NUM(ws.dwCursorPosition.Y), UINT2NUM(ws.dwCursorPosition.X));
+#else
+    static const struct query_args query = {"\033[6n", 0};
+    VALUE resp = console_vt_response(0, 0, io, &query);
+    VALUE row, column, term;
+    unsigned int r, c;
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(resp, T_ARRAY) || RARRAY_LEN(resp) != 3) return Qnil;
+    term = RARRAY_AREF(resp, 2);
+    if (!RB_TYPE_P(term, T_STRING) || RSTRING_LEN(term) != 1) return Qnil;
+    if (RSTRING_PTR(term)[0] != 'R') return Qnil;
+    row = RARRAY_AREF(resp, 0);
+    column = RARRAY_AREF(resp, 1);
+    rb_ary_resize(resp, 2);
+    r = NUM2UINT(row) - 1;
+    c = NUM2UINT(column) - 1;
+    RARRAY_ASET(resp, 0, INT2NUM(r));
+    RARRAY_ASET(resp, 1, INT2NUM(c));
+    return resp;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.goto(line, column)      -> io
+ *
+ * Set the cursor position at +line+ and +column+.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_goto(VALUE io, VALUE y, VALUE x)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    COORD pos;
+    int fd = GetWriteFD(io);
+    pos.X = NUM2UINT(x);
+    pos.Y = NUM2UINT(y);
+    if (!SetConsoleCursorPosition((HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(fd), pos)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+#else
+    rb_io_write(io, rb_sprintf(CSI "%d;%dH", NUM2UINT(y)+1, NUM2UINT(x)+1));
+#endif
+    return io;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+console_move(VALUE io, int y, int x)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    HANDLE h;
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+    COORD *pos = &ws.dwCursorPosition;
+
+    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(io));
+    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+    pos->X += x;
+    pos->Y += y;
+    if (!SetConsoleCursorPosition(h, *pos)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+#else
+    if (x || y) {
+	VALUE s = rb_str_new_cstr("");
+	if (y) rb_str_catf(s, CSI "%d%c", y < 0 ? -y : y, y < 0 ? 'A' : 'B');
+	if (x) rb_str_catf(s, CSI "%d%c", x < 0 ? -x : x, x < 0 ? 'D' : 'C');
+	rb_io_write(io, s);
+	rb_io_flush(io);
+    }
+#endif
+    return io;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.goto_column(column)     -> io
+ *
+ * Set the cursor position at +column+ in the same line of the current
+ * position.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_goto_column(VALUE io, VALUE val)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    HANDLE h;
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+    COORD *pos = &ws.dwCursorPosition;
+
+    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(io));
+    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+    pos->X = NUM2INT(val);
+    if (!SetConsoleCursorPosition(h, *pos)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+#else
+    rb_io_write(io, rb_sprintf(CSI "%dG", NUM2UINT(val)+1));
+#endif
+    return io;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.erase_line(mode)        -> io
+ *
+ * Erases the line at the cursor corresponding to +mode+.
+ * +mode+ may be either:
+ * 0: after cursor
+ * 1: before and cursor
+ * 2: entire line
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_erase_line(VALUE io, VALUE val)
+{
+    int mode = mode_in_range(val, 2, "line erase");
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    HANDLE h;
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+    COORD *pos = &ws.dwCursorPosition;
+    DWORD w;
+
+    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(io));
+    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+    w = winsize_col(&ws);
+    switch (mode) {
+      case 0:			/* after cursor */
+	w -= pos->X;
+	break;
+      case 1:			/* before *and* cursor */
+	w = pos->X + 1;
+	pos->X = 0;
+	break;
+      case 2:			/* entire line */
+	pos->X = 0;
+	break;
+    }
+    constat_clear(h, ws.wAttributes, w, *pos);
+    return io;
+#else
+    rb_io_write(io, rb_sprintf(CSI "%dK", mode));
+#endif
+    return io;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.erase_screen(mode)      -> io
+ *
+ * Erases the screen at the cursor corresponding to +mode+.
+ * +mode+ may be either:
+ * 0: after cursor
+ * 1: before and cursor
+ * 2: entire screen
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_erase_screen(VALUE io, VALUE val)
+{
+    int mode = mode_in_range(val, 3, "screen erase");
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    HANDLE h;
+    rb_console_size_t ws;
+    COORD *pos = &ws.dwCursorPosition;
+    DWORD w;
+
+    h = (HANDLE)rb_w32_get_osfhandle(GetWriteFD(io));
+    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h, &ws)) {
+	rb_syserr_fail(LAST_ERROR, 0);
+    }
+    w = winsize_col(&ws);
+    switch (mode) {
+      case 0:	/* erase after cursor */
+	w = (w * (ws.srWindow.Bottom - pos->Y + 1) - pos->X);
+	break;
+      case 1:	/* erase before *and* cursor */
+	w = (w * (pos->Y - ws.srWindow.Top) + pos->X + 1);
+	pos->X = 0;
+	pos->Y = ws.srWindow.Top;
+	break;
+      case 2:	/* erase entire screen */
+	w = (w * winsize_row(&ws));
+	pos->X = 0;
+	pos->Y = ws.srWindow.Top;
+	break;
+      case 3:	/* erase entire screen */
+	w = (w * ws.dwSize.Y);
+	pos->X = 0;
+	pos->Y = 0;
+	break;
+    }
+    constat_clear(h, ws.wAttributes, w, *pos);
+#else
+    rb_io_write(io, rb_sprintf(CSI "%dJ", mode));
+#endif
+    return io;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.cursor = [line, column]         -> io
+ *
+ * Same as <tt>io.goto(line, column)</tt>
+ *
+ * See IO#goto.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_cursor_set(VALUE io, VALUE cpos)
+{
+    cpos = rb_convert_type(cpos, T_ARRAY, "Array", "to_ary");
+    if (RARRAY_LEN(cpos) != 2) rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "expected 2D coordinate");
+    return console_goto(io, RARRAY_AREF(cpos, 0), RARRAY_AREF(cpos, 1));
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.cursor_up(n)            -> io
+ *
+ * Moves the cursor up +n+ lines.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_cursor_up(VALUE io, VALUE val)
+{
+    return console_move(io, -NUM2INT(val), 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.cursor_down(n)          -> io
+ *
+ * Moves the cursor down +n+ lines.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_cursor_down(VALUE io, VALUE val)
+{
+    return console_move(io, +NUM2INT(val), 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.cursor_left(n)          -> io
+ *
+ * Moves the cursor left +n+ columns.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_cursor_left(VALUE io, VALUE val)
+{
+    return console_move(io, 0, -NUM2INT(val));
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.cursor_right(n)         -> io
+ *
+ * Moves the cursor right +n+ columns.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_cursor_right(VALUE io, VALUE val)
+{
+    return console_move(io, 0, +NUM2INT(val));
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.scroll_forward(n)       -> io
+ *
+ * Scrolls the entire scrolls forward +n+ lines.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_scroll_forward(VALUE io, VALUE val)
+{
+    return console_scroll(io, +NUM2INT(val));
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.scroll_backward(n)      -> io
+ *
+ * Scrolls the entire scrolls backward +n+ lines.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_scroll_backward(VALUE io, VALUE val)
+{
+    return console_scroll(io, -NUM2INT(val));
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.clear_screen            -> io
+ *
+ * Clears the entire screen and moves the cursor top-left corner.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_clear_screen(VALUE io)
+{
+    console_erase_screen(io, INT2FIX(2));
+    console_goto(io, INT2FIX(0), INT2FIX(0));
+    return io;
+}
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_OPEN_DESCRIPTOR
+static VALUE
+io_open_descriptor_fallback(VALUE klass, int descriptor, int mode, VALUE path, VALUE timeout, void *encoding)
+{
+    VALUE arguments[2] = {
+        (rb_update_max_fd(descriptor), INT2NUM(descriptor)),
+        INT2FIX(mode),
+    };
+
+    VALUE self = rb_class_new_instance(2, arguments, klass);
+
+    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    GetOpenFile(self, fptr);
+    fptr->pathv = path;
+    fptr->mode |= mode;
+
+    return self;
+}
+#define rb_io_open_descriptor io_open_descriptor_fallback
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_IO_CLOSED_P
+static VALUE
+rb_io_closed_p(VALUE io)
+{
+    rb_io_t *fptr = RFILE(io)->fptr;
+    return fptr->fd == -1 ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(RB_EXT_RACTOR_SAFE) && defined(HAVE_RB_RACTOR_LOCAL_STORAGE_VALUE_NEWKEY)
+# define USE_RACTOR_STORAGE 1
+#else
+# define USE_RACTOR_STORAGE 0
+#endif
+
+#if USE_RACTOR_STORAGE
+#include "ruby/ractor.h"
+static rb_ractor_local_key_t key_console_dev;
+
+static bool
+console_dev_get(VALUE klass, VALUE *dev)
+{
+    return rb_ractor_local_storage_value_lookup(key_console_dev, dev);
+}
+
+static void
+console_dev_set(VALUE klass, VALUE value)
+{
+    rb_ractor_local_storage_value_set(key_console_dev, value);
+}
+
+static void
+console_dev_remove(VALUE klass)
+{
+    console_dev_set(klass, Qnil);
+}
+
+#else
+
+static ID id_console;
+
+static int
+console_dev_get(VALUE klass, VALUE *dev)
+{
+    if (rb_const_defined(klass, id_console)) {
+	*dev = rb_const_get(klass, id_console);
+	return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+console_dev_set(VALUE klass, VALUE value)
+{
+    rb_const_set(klass, id_console, value);
+}
+
+static void
+console_dev_remove(VALUE klass)
+{
+    rb_const_remove(klass, id_console);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   IO.console      -> #<File:/dev/tty>
+ *   IO.console(sym, *args)
+ *
+ * Returns an File instance opened console.
+ *
+ * If +sym+ is given, it will be sent to the opened console with
+ * +args+ and the result will be returned instead of the console IO
+ * itself.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_dev(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
+{
+    VALUE con = 0;
+    VALUE sym = 0;
+
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, UNLIMITED_ARGUMENTS);
+
+    if (argc) {
+        Check_Type(sym = argv[0], T_SYMBOL);
+    }
+
+    // Force the class to be File.
+    if (klass == rb_cIO) klass = rb_cFile;
+
+    if (console_dev_get(klass, &con)) {
+        if (!RB_TYPE_P(con, T_FILE) || RTEST(rb_io_closed_p(con))) {
+	    console_dev_remove(klass);
+            con = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (sym) {
+        if (sym == ID2SYM(id_close) && argc == 1) {
+            if (con) {
+                rb_io_close(con);
+                console_dev_remove(klass);
+                con = 0;
+            }
+            return Qnil;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!con) {
+#if defined HAVE_TERMIOS_H || defined HAVE_TERMIO_H || defined HAVE_SGTTY_H
+# define CONSOLE_DEVICE "/dev/tty"
+#elif defined _WIN32
+# define CONSOLE_DEVICE "con$"
+# define CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_READING "conin$"
+# define CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_WRITING "conout$"
+#endif
+#ifndef CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_READING
+# define CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_READING CONSOLE_DEVICE
+#endif
+#ifdef CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_WRITING
+        VALUE out;
+#endif
+        int fd;
+        VALUE path = rb_obj_freeze(rb_str_new2(CONSOLE_DEVICE));
+
+#ifdef CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_WRITING
+        fd = rb_cloexec_open(CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_WRITING, O_RDWR, 0);
+        if (fd < 0) return Qnil;
+        out = rb_io_open_descriptor(klass, fd, FMODE_WRITABLE | FMODE_SYNC, path, Qnil, NULL);
+#endif
+        fd = rb_cloexec_open(CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_READING, O_RDWR, 0);
+        if (fd < 0) {
+#ifdef CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_WRITING
+            rb_io_close(out);
+#endif
+            return Qnil;
+        }
+
+        con = rb_io_open_descriptor(klass, fd, FMODE_READWRITE | FMODE_SYNC, path, Qnil, NULL);
+#ifdef CONSOLE_DEVICE_FOR_WRITING
+        rb_io_set_write_io(con, out);
+#endif
+        console_dev_set(klass, con);
+    }
+
+    if (sym) {
+        return rb_f_send(argc, argv, con);
+    }
+
+    return con;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.getch(min: nil, time: nil, intr: nil) -> char
+ *
+ * See IO#getch.
+ */
+static VALUE
+io_getch(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
+{
+    return rb_funcallv(io, id_getc, argc, argv);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+puts_call(VALUE io)
+{
+    return rb_io_write(io, rb_default_rs);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+gets_call(VALUE io)
+{
+    return rb_funcallv(io, id_gets, 0, 0);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+getpass_call(VALUE io)
+{
+    return ttymode(io, rb_io_gets, io, set_noecho, NULL);
+}
+
+static void
+prompt(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
+{
+    if (argc > 0 && !NIL_P(argv[0])) {
+	VALUE str = argv[0];
+	StringValueCStr(str);
+	rb_io_write(io, str);
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE
+str_chomp(VALUE str)
+{
+    if (!NIL_P(str)) {
+	const VALUE rs = rb_default_rs; /* rvalue in TruffleRuby */
+	rb_funcallv(str, id_chomp_bang, 1, &rs);
+    }
+    return str;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.getpass(prompt=nil)       -> string
+ *
+ * Reads and returns a line without echo back.
+ * Prints +prompt+ unless it is +nil+.
+ *
+ * The newline character that terminates the
+ * read line is removed from the returned string,
+ * see String#chomp!.
+ *
+ * You must require 'io/console' to use this method.
+ *
+ *    require 'io/console'
+ *    IO::console.getpass("Enter password:")
+ *    Enter password:
+ *    # => "mypassword"
+ *
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_getpass(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
+{
+    VALUE str, wio;
+
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
+    wio = rb_io_get_write_io(io);
+    if (wio == io && io == rb_stdin) wio = rb_stderr;
+    prompt(argc, argv, wio);
+    rb_io_flush(wio);
+    str = rb_ensure(getpass_call, io, puts_call, wio);
+    return str_chomp(str);
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.getpass(prompt=nil)       -> string
+ *
+ * See IO#getpass.
+ */
+static VALUE
+io_getpass(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
+{
+    VALUE str;
+
+    rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
+    prompt(argc, argv, io);
+    rb_check_funcall(io, id_flush, 0, 0);
+    str = rb_ensure(gets_call, io, puts_call, io);
+    return str_chomp(str);
+}
+
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(HAVE_TTYNAME_R) || defined(HAVE_TTYNAME)
+/*
+ * call-seq:
+ *   io.ttyname       -> string or nil
+ *
+ * Returns name of associated terminal (tty) if +io+ is not a tty.
+ * Returns +nil+ otherwise.
+ */
+static VALUE
+console_ttyname(VALUE io)
+{
+    int fd = rb_io_descriptor(io);
+    if (!isatty(fd)) return Qnil;
+# if defined _WIN32
+    return rb_usascii_str_new_lit("con");
+# elif defined HAVE_TTYNAME_R
+    {
+	char termname[1024], *tn = termname;
+	size_t size = sizeof(termname);
+	int e;
+	if (ttyname_r(fd, tn, size) == 0)
+	    return rb_interned_str_cstr(tn);
+	if ((e = errno) == ERANGE) {
+	    VALUE s = rb_str_new(0, size);
+	    while (1) {
+		tn = RSTRING_PTR(s);
+		size = rb_str_capacity(s);
+		if (ttyname_r(fd, tn, size) == 0) {
+		    return rb_str_to_interned_str(rb_str_resize(s, strlen(tn)));
+		}
+		if ((e = errno) != ERANGE) break;
+		if ((size *= 2) >= INT_MAX/2) break;
+		rb_str_resize(s, size);
+	    }
+	}
+	rb_syserr_fail_str(e, rb_sprintf("ttyname_r(%d)", fd));
+	UNREACHABLE_RETURN(Qnil);
+    }
+# elif defined HAVE_TTYNAME
+    {
+	const char *tn = ttyname(fd);
+	if (!tn) {
+	    int e = errno;
+	    rb_syserr_fail_str(e, rb_sprintf("ttyname(%d)", fd));
+	}
+	return rb_interned_str_cstr(tn);
+    }
+# else
+#   error No ttyname function
+# endif
+}
+#else
+# define console_ttyname rb_f_notimplement
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * IO console methods
+ */
+void
+Init_console(void)
+{
+#if USE_RACTOR_STORAGE
+    RB_EXT_RACTOR_SAFE(true);
+#endif
+
+#undef rb_intern
+#if USE_RACTOR_STORAGE
+    key_console_dev = rb_ractor_local_storage_value_newkey();
+#else
+    id_console = rb_intern("console");
+#endif
+    id_getc = rb_intern("getc");
+    id_gets = rb_intern("gets");
+    id_flush = rb_intern("flush");
+    id_chomp_bang = rb_intern("chomp!");
+    id_close = rb_intern("close");
+#define init_rawmode_opt_id(name) \
+    rawmode_opt_ids[kwd_##name] = rb_intern(#name)
+    init_rawmode_opt_id(min);
+    init_rawmode_opt_id(time);
+    init_rawmode_opt_id(intr);
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_F_SEND
+    id___send__ = rb_intern("__send__");
+#endif
+    InitVM(console);
+}
+
+void
+InitVM_console(void)
+{
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "raw", console_raw, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "raw!", console_set_raw, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "cooked", console_cooked, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "cooked!", console_set_cooked, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "getch", console_getch, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "echo=", console_set_echo, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "echo?", console_echo_p, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "console_mode", console_conmode_get, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "console_mode=", console_conmode_set, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "noecho", console_noecho, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "winsize", console_winsize, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "winsize=", console_set_winsize, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "iflush", console_iflush, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "oflush", console_oflush, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "ioflush", console_ioflush, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "beep", console_beep, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "goto", console_goto, 2);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "cursor", console_cursor_pos, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "cursor=", console_cursor_set, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "cursor_up", console_cursor_up, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "cursor_down", console_cursor_down, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "cursor_left", console_cursor_left, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "cursor_right", console_cursor_right, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "goto_column", console_goto_column, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "erase_line", console_erase_line, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "erase_screen", console_erase_screen, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "scroll_forward", console_scroll_forward, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "scroll_backward", console_scroll_backward, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "clear_screen", console_clear_screen, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "pressed?", console_key_pressed_p, 1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "check_winsize_changed", console_check_winsize_changed, 0);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "getpass", console_getpass, -1);
+    rb_define_method(rb_cIO, "ttyname", console_ttyname, 0);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(rb_cIO, "console", console_dev, -1);
+    {
+	/* :stopdoc: */
+	VALUE mReadable = rb_define_module_under(rb_cIO, "generic_readable");
+	/* :startdoc: */
+	rb_define_method(mReadable, "getch", io_getch, -1);
+	rb_define_method(mReadable, "getpass", io_getpass, -1);
+    }
+    {
+	/* :stopdoc: */
+        cConmode = rb_define_class_under(rb_cIO, "ConsoleMode", rb_cObject);
+        rb_define_const(cConmode, "VERSION", rb_obj_freeze(rb_str_new_cstr(IO_CONSOLE_VERSION)));
+        rb_define_alloc_func(cConmode, conmode_alloc);
+        rb_undef_method(cConmode, "initialize");
+        rb_define_method(cConmode, "initialize_copy", conmode_init_copy, 1);
+        rb_define_method(cConmode, "echo=", conmode_set_echo, 1);
+        rb_define_method(cConmode, "raw!", conmode_set_raw, -1);
+        rb_define_method(cConmode, "raw", conmode_raw_new, -1);
+	/* :startdoc: */
+    }
+}