csvlint 1.0.0 → 1.1.0

data/lib/csvlint/csvw/property_checker.rb

@@ -1,813 +1,810 @@
 module Csvlint
   module Csvw
     class PropertyChecker
-
       class << self
-
         def check_property(property, value, base_url, lang)
           if PROPERTIES.include? property
-            return PROPERTIES[property].call(value, base_url, lang)
+            PROPERTIES[property].call(value, base_url, lang)
           elsif property =~ /^([a-z]+):/ && NAMESPACES.include?(property.split(":")[0])
             value, warnings = check_common_property_value(value, base_url, lang)
-            return value, warnings, :annotation
+            [value, warnings, :annotation]
           else
             # property name must be an absolute URI
             begin
               return value, :invalid_property, nil if URI(property).scheme.nil?
               value, warnings = check_common_property_value(value, base_url, lang)
-              return value, warnings, :annotation
+              [value, warnings, :annotation]
             rescue
-              return value, :invalid_property, nil
+              [value, :invalid_property, nil]
             end
           end
         end
 
         private
-          def check_common_property_value(value, base_url, lang)
-            case value
-            when Hash
-              value = value.clone
-              warnings = []
-              value.each do |p,v|
-                case p
-                when "@context"
-                  raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(p), "common property has @context property"
-                when "@list"
-                  raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(p), "common property has @list property"
-                when "@set"
-                  raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(p), "common property has @set property"
-                when "@type"
-                  if value["@value"] && BUILT_IN_DATATYPES.include?(v)
-                  elsif !value["@value"] && BUILT_IN_TYPES.include?(v)
-                  elsif v =~ /^([a-z]+):/ && NAMESPACES.include?(v.split(":")[0])
-                  else
-                    # must be an absolute URI
-                    begin
-                      raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(), "common property has invalid @type (#{v})" if URI(v).scheme.nil?
-                    rescue
-                      raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(), "common property has invalid @type (#{v})"
-                    end
-                  end
-                when "@id"
-                  unless base_url.nil?
-                    begin
-                      v = URI.join(base_url, v)
-                    rescue
-                      raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(), "common property has invalid @id (#{v})"
-                    end
-                  end
-                when "@value"
-                  raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(), "common property with @value has both @language and @type" if value["@type"] && value["@language"]
-                  raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(), "common property with @value has properties other than @language or @type" unless value.except("@type").except("@language").except("@value").empty?
-                when "@language"
-                  raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(), "common property with @language lacks a @value" unless value["@value"]
-                  raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(), "common property has invalid @language (#{v})" unless v =~ BCP47_LANGUAGE_REGEXP || v.nil?
+
+        def check_common_property_value(value, base_url, lang)
+          case value
+          when Hash
+            value = value.clone
+            warnings = []
+            value.each do |p, v|
+              case p
+              when "@context"
+                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(p), "common property has @context property"
+              when "@list"
+                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(p), "common property has @list property"
+              when "@set"
+                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(p), "common property has @set property"
+              when "@type"
+                if value["@value"] && BUILT_IN_DATATYPES.include?(v)
+                elsif !value["@value"] && BUILT_IN_TYPES.include?(v)
+                elsif ((v.is_a? String) && (v =~ /^([a-z]+):/)) && NAMESPACES.include?(v.split(":")[0])
                 else
-                  if p[0] == "@"
-                    raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(), "common property has property other than @id, @type, @value or @language beginning with @ (#{p})"
-                  else
-                    v, w = check_common_property_value(v, base_url, lang)
-                    warnings += Array(w)
+                  # must be an absolute URI
+                  begin
+                    raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new, "common property has invalid @type (#{v})" if URI(v).scheme.nil?
+                  rescue
+                    raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new, "common property has invalid @type (#{v})"
                   end
                 end
-                value[p] = v
-              end
-              return value, warnings
-            when String
-              if lang == "und"
-                return value, nil
+              when "@id"
+                unless base_url.nil?
+                  begin
+                    v = URI.join(base_url, v)
+                  rescue
+                    raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new, "common property has invalid @id (#{v})"
+                  end
+                end
+              when "@value"
+                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new, "common property with @value has both @language and @type" if value["@type"] && value["@language"]
+                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new, "common property with @value has properties other than @language or @type" unless value.except("@type").except("@language").except("@value").empty?
+              when "@language"
+                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new, "common property with @language lacks a @value" unless value["@value"]
+                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new, "common property has invalid @language (#{v})" unless ((v.is_a? String) && (v =~ BCP47_LANGUAGE_REGEXP)) || v.nil?
               else
-                return { "@value" => value, "@language" => lang }, nil
-              end
-            when Array
-              values = []
-              warnings = []
-              value.each do |v|
-                v, w = check_common_property_value(v, base_url, lang)
-                warnings += Array(w)
-                values << v
+                if p[0] == "@"
+                  raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new, "common property has property other than @id, @type, @value or @language beginning with @ (#{p})"
+                else
+                  v, w = check_common_property_value(v, base_url, lang)
+                  warnings += Array(w)
+                end
               end
-              return values, warnings
+              value[p] = v
+            end
+            [value, warnings]
+          when String
+            if lang == "und"
+              [value, nil]
             else
-              return value, nil
+              [{"@value" => value, "@language" => lang}, nil]
+            end
+          when Array
+            values = []
+            warnings = []
+            value.each do |v|
+              v, w = check_common_property_value(v, base_url, lang)
+              warnings += Array(w)
+              values << v
             end
+            [values, warnings]
+          else
+            [value, nil]
           end
+        end
 
-          def convert_value_facet(value, property, datatype)
-            if value[property]
-              if DATE_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(datatype)
-                format = Csvlint::Csvw::DateFormat.new(nil, datatype)
-                v = format.parse(value[property])
-                if v.nil?
-                  value.delete(property)
-                  return [":invalid_#{property}".to_sym]
-                else
-                  value[property] = v
-                  return []
-                end
-              elsif NUMERIC_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(datatype)
-                return []
+        def convert_value_facet(value, property, datatype)
+          if value[property]
+            if DATE_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(datatype)
+              format = Csvlint::Csvw::DateFormat.new(nil, datatype)
+              v = format.parse(value[property])
+              if v.nil?
+                value.delete(property)
+                return [":invalid_#{property}".to_sym]
               else
-                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("datatype.#{property}"), "#{property} is only allowed for numeric, date/time and duration types"
+                value[property] = v
+                return []
               end
+            elsif NUMERIC_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(datatype)
+              return []
+            else
+              raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("datatype.#{property}"), "#{property} is only allowed for numeric, date/time and duration types"
             end
-            return []
           end
+          []
+        end
 
-          def array_property(type)
-            return lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-              return value, nil, type if value.instance_of? Array
-              return false, :invalid_value, type
-            }
-          end
+        def array_property(type)
+          lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+            return value, nil, type if value.instance_of? Array
+            return false, :invalid_value, type
+          }
+        end
 
-          def boolean_property(type)
-            return lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-              return value, nil, type if value == true || value == false
-              return false, :invalid_value, type
-            }
-          end
+        def boolean_property(type)
+          lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+            return value, nil, type if value == true || value == false
+            return false, :invalid_value, type
+          }
+        end
 
-          def string_property(type)
-            return lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-              return value, nil, type if value.instance_of? String
-              return "", :invalid_value, type
-            }
-          end
+        def string_property(type)
+          lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+            return value, nil, type if value.instance_of? String
+            return "", :invalid_value, type
+          }
+        end
 
-          def uri_template_property(type)
-            return lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-              return URITemplate.new(value), nil, type if value.instance_of? String
-              return URITemplate.new(""), :invalid_value, type
-            }
-          end
+        def uri_template_property(type)
+          lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+            return URITemplate.new(value), nil, type if value.instance_of? String
+            return URITemplate.new(""), :invalid_value, type
+          }
+        end
 
-          def numeric_property(type)
-            return lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-              return value, nil, type if value.kind_of?(Integer) && value >= 0
-              return nil, :invalid_value, type
-            }
-          end
+        def numeric_property(type)
+          lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+            return value, nil, type if value.is_a?(Integer) && value >= 0
+            return nil, :invalid_value, type
+          }
+        end
 
-          def link_property(type)
-            return lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-              raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(), "URL #{value} starts with _:" if value.to_s =~ /^_:/
-              return (base_url.nil? ? URI(value) : URI.join(base_url, value)), nil, type if value.instance_of? String
-              return base_url, :invalid_value, type
-            }
-          end
+        def link_property(type)
+          lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new, "URL #{value} starts with _:" if /^_:/.match?(value.to_s)
+            return (base_url.nil? ? URI(value) : URI.join(base_url, value)), nil, type if value.instance_of? String
+            return base_url, :invalid_value, type
+          }
+        end
 
-          def language_property(type)
-            return lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-              return value, nil, type if value =~ BCP47_REGEXP
-              return nil, :invalid_value, type
-            }
-          end
+        def language_property(type)
+          lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+            return value, nil, type if BCP47_REGEXP.match?(value)
+            return nil, :invalid_value, type
+          }
+        end
 
-          def natural_language_property(type)
-            return lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-              warnings = []
-              if value.instance_of? String
-                return { lang => [ value ] }, nil, type
-              elsif value.instance_of? Array
-                valid_titles = []
-                value.each do |title|
-                  if title.instance_of? String
-                    valid_titles << title
-                  else
-                    warnings << :invalid_value
-                  end
+        def natural_language_property(type)
+          lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+            warnings = []
+            if value.instance_of? String
+              return {lang => [value]}, nil, type
+            elsif value.instance_of? Array
+              valid_titles = []
+              value.each do |title|
+                if title.instance_of? String
+                  valid_titles << title
+                else
+                  warnings << :invalid_value
                 end
-                return { lang => valid_titles }, warnings, type
-              elsif value.instance_of? Hash
-                value = value.clone
-                value.each do |l,v|
-                  if l =~ BCP47_REGEXP
-                    valid_titles = []
-                    Array(v).each do |title|
-                      if title.instance_of? String
-                        valid_titles << title
-                      else
-                        warnings << :invalid_value
-                      end
+              end
+              return {lang => valid_titles}, warnings, type
+            elsif value.instance_of? Hash
+              value = value.clone
+              value.each do |l, v|
+                if BCP47_REGEXP.match?(l)
+                  valid_titles = []
+                  Array(v).each do |title|
+                    if title.instance_of? String
+                      valid_titles << title
+                    else
+                      warnings << :invalid_value
                     end
-                    value[l] = valid_titles
-                  else
-                    value.delete(l)
-                    warnings << :invalid_language
                   end
+                  value[l] = valid_titles
+                else
+                  value.delete(l)
+                  warnings << :invalid_language
                 end
-                warnings << :invalid_value if value.empty?
-                return value, warnings, type
-              else
-                return {}, :invalid_value, type
               end
-            }
-          end
-
-          def column_reference_property(type)
-            return lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-              return Array(value), nil, type
-            }
-          end
-
+              warnings << :invalid_value if value.empty?
+              return value, warnings, type
+            else
+              return {}, :invalid_value, type
+            end
+          }
+        end
 
+        def column_reference_property(type)
+          lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+            return Array(value), nil, type
+          }
+        end
       end
 
-        PROPERTIES = {
-          # context properties
-          "@language" => language_property(:context),
-          "@base" => link_property(:context),
-          # common properties
-          "@id" => link_property(:common),
-          "notes" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang| 
-            return false, :invalid_value, :common unless value.instance_of? Array
-            values = []
+      PROPERTIES = {
+        # context properties
+        "@language" => language_property(:context),
+        "@base" => link_property(:context),
+        # common properties
+        "@id" => link_property(:common),
+        "notes" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          return false, :invalid_value, :common unless value.instance_of? Array
+          values = []
+          warnings = []
+          value.each do |v|
+            v, w = check_common_property_value(v, base_url, lang)
+            values << v
+            warnings += w
+          end
+          return values, warnings, :common
+        },
+        "suppressOutput" => boolean_property(:common),
+        "dialect" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          if value.instance_of? Hash
+            value = value.clone
             warnings = []
-            value.each do |v|
-              v, w = check_common_property_value(v, base_url, lang)
-              values << v
-              warnings += w
-            end
-            return values, warnings, :common
-          },
-          "suppressOutput" => boolean_property(:common),
-          "dialect" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            if value.instance_of? Hash
-              value = value.clone
-              warnings = []
-              value.each do |p,v|
-                if p == "@id"
-                  raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("dialect.@id"), "@id starts with _:" if v =~ /^_:/
-                elsif p == "@type"
-                  raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("dialect.@type"), "@type of dialect is not 'Dialect'" if v != 'Dialect'
+            value.each do |p, v|
+              if p == "@id"
+                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("dialect.@id"), "@id starts with _:" if /^_:/.match?(v)
+              elsif p == "@type"
+                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("dialect.@type"), "@type of dialect is not 'Dialect'" if v != "Dialect"
+              else
+                v, warning, type = check_property(p, v, base_url, lang)
+                if type == :dialect && (warning.nil? || warning.empty?)
+                  value[p] = v
                 else
-                  v, warning, type = check_property(p, v, base_url, lang)
-                  if type == :dialect && (warning.nil? || warning.empty?)
-                    value[p] = v
-                  else
-                    value.delete(p)
-                    warnings << :invalid_property unless type == :dialect
-                    warnings += Array(warning)
-                  end
+                  value.delete(p)
+                  warnings << :invalid_property unless type == :dialect
+                  warnings += Array(warning)
                 end
               end
-              return value, warnings, :common
-            else
-              return {}, :invalid_value, :common
             end
-          },
-          # inherited properties
-          "null" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            case value
-            when String
-              return [value], nil, :inherited
-            when Array
-              values = []
-              warnings = []
-              value.each do |v|
-                if v.instance_of? String
-                  values << v
-                else
-                  warnings << :invalid_value
-                end
+            return value, warnings, :common
+          else
+            return {}, :invalid_value, :common
+          end
+        },
+        # inherited properties
+        "null" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          case value
+          when String
+            return [value], nil, :inherited
+          when Array
+            values = []
+            warnings = []
+            value.each do |v|
+              if v.instance_of? String
+                values << v
+              else
+                warnings << :invalid_value
               end
-              return values, warnings, :inherited
-            else
-              return [""], :invalid_value, :inherited
             end
-          },
-          "default" => string_property(:inherited),
-          "separator" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            return value, nil, :inherited if value.instance_of?(String) || value.nil?
-            return nil, :invalid_value, :inherited
-          },
-          "lang" => language_property(:inherited),
-          "datatype" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            value = value.clone
-            warnings = []
-            if value.instance_of? Hash
-              if value["@id"]
-                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("datatype.@id"), "datatype @id must not be the id of a built-in datatype (#{value["@id"]})" if BUILT_IN_DATATYPES.values.include?(value["@id"])
-                v,w,t = PROPERTIES["@id"].call(value["@id"], base_url, lang)
-                unless w.nil?
-                  warnings << w
-                  value.delete("@id")
-                end
+            return values, warnings, :inherited
+          else
+            return [""], :invalid_value, :inherited
+          end
+        },
+        "default" => string_property(:inherited),
+        "separator" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          return value, nil, :inherited if value.instance_of?(String) || value.nil?
+          return nil, :invalid_value, :inherited
+        },
+        "lang" => language_property(:inherited),
+        "datatype" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          value = value.clone
+          warnings = []
+          if value.instance_of? Hash
+            if value["@id"]
+              raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("datatype.@id"), "datatype @id must not be the id of a built-in datatype (#{value["@id"]})" if BUILT_IN_DATATYPES.values.include?(value["@id"])
+              v, w, t = PROPERTIES["@id"].call(value["@id"], base_url, lang)
+              unless w.nil?
+                warnings << w
+                value.delete("@id")
               end
+            end
 
-              if value["base"]
-                if BUILT_IN_DATATYPES.include? value["base"]
-                  value["base"] = BUILT_IN_DATATYPES[value["base"]]
-                else
-                  value["base"] = BUILT_IN_DATATYPES["string"]
-                  warnings << :invalid_datatype_base
-                end
+            if value["base"]
+              if BUILT_IN_DATATYPES.include? value["base"]
+                value["base"] = BUILT_IN_DATATYPES[value["base"]]
               else
                 value["base"] = BUILT_IN_DATATYPES["string"]
+                warnings << :invalid_datatype_base
               end
-            elsif BUILT_IN_DATATYPES.include? value
-              value = { "@id" => BUILT_IN_DATATYPES[value] }
             else
-              value = { "@id" => BUILT_IN_DATATYPES["string"] }
-              warnings << :invalid_value
+              value["base"] = BUILT_IN_DATATYPES["string"]
             end
+          elsif BUILT_IN_DATATYPES.include? value
+            value = {"@id" => BUILT_IN_DATATYPES[value]}
+          else
+            value = {"@id" => BUILT_IN_DATATYPES["string"]}
+            warnings << :invalid_value
+          end
 
-            unless STRING_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"]) || BINARY_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"])
-              raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("datatype.length"), "datatypes based on #{value["base"]} cannot have a length facet" if value["length"]
-              raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("datatype.minLength"), "datatypes based on #{value["base"]} cannot have a minLength facet" if value["minLength"]
-              raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("datatype.maxLength"), "datatypes based on #{value["base"]} cannot have a maxLength facet" if value["maxLength"]
-            end
+          unless STRING_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"]) || BINARY_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"])
+            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("datatype.length"), "datatypes based on #{value["base"]} cannot have a length facet" if value["length"]
+            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("datatype.minLength"), "datatypes based on #{value["base"]} cannot have a minLength facet" if value["minLength"]
+            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("datatype.maxLength"), "datatypes based on #{value["base"]} cannot have a maxLength facet" if value["maxLength"]
+          end
 
-            if value["minimum"]
-              value["minInclusive"] = value["minimum"]
-              value.delete("minimum")
-            end
-            if value["maximum"]
-              value["maxInclusive"] = value["maximum"]
-              value.delete("maximum")
-            end
+          if value["minimum"]
+            value["minInclusive"] = value["minimum"]
+            value.delete("minimum")
+          end
+          if value["maximum"]
+            value["maxInclusive"] = value["maximum"]
+            value.delete("maximum")
+          end
 
-            warnings += convert_value_facet(value, "minInclusive", value["base"])
-            warnings += convert_value_facet(value, "minExclusive", value["base"])
-            warnings += convert_value_facet(value, "maxInclusive", value["base"])
-            warnings += convert_value_facet(value, "maxExclusive", value["base"])
-
-            minInclusive = value["minInclusive"].is_a?(Hash) ? value["minInclusive"][:dateTime] : value["minInclusive"]
-            maxInclusive = value["maxInclusive"].is_a?(Hash) ? value["maxInclusive"][:dateTime] : value["maxInclusive"]
-            minExclusive = value["minExclusive"].is_a?(Hash) ? value["minExclusive"][:dateTime] : value["minExclusive"]
-            maxExclusive = value["maxExclusive"].is_a?(Hash) ? value["maxExclusive"][:dateTime] : value["maxExclusive"]
-
-            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype cannot specify both minimum/minInclusive (#{minInclusive}) and minExclusive (#{minExclusive}" if minInclusive && minExclusive
-            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype cannot specify both maximum/maxInclusive (#{maxInclusive}) and maxExclusive (#{maxExclusive}" if maxInclusive && maxExclusive
-            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype minInclusive (#{minInclusive}) cannot be more than maxInclusive (#{maxInclusive}" if minInclusive && maxInclusive && minInclusive > maxInclusive
-            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype minInclusive (#{minInclusive}) cannot be more than or equal to maxExclusive (#{maxExclusive}" if minInclusive && maxExclusive && minInclusive >= maxExclusive
-            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype minExclusive (#{minExclusive}) cannot be more than or equal to maxExclusive (#{maxExclusive}" if minExclusive && maxExclusive && minExclusive > maxExclusive
-            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype minExclusive (#{minExclusive}) cannot be more than maxInclusive (#{maxInclusive}" if minExclusive && maxInclusive && minExclusive >= maxInclusive
-
-            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype length (#{value["length"]}) cannot be less than minLength (#{value["minLength"]}" if value["length"] && value["minLength"] && value["length"] < value["minLength"]
-            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype length (#{value["length"]}) cannot be more than maxLength (#{value["maxLength"]}" if value["length"] && value["maxLength"] && value["length"] > value["maxLength"]
-            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype minLength (#{value["minLength"]}) cannot be more than maxLength (#{value["maxLength"]}" if value["minLength"] && value["maxLength"] && value["minLength"] > value["maxLength"]
-
-            if value["format"]
-              if REGEXP_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"])
-                begin
-                  value["format"] = Regexp.new(value["format"])
-                rescue RegexpError
-                  value.delete("format")
-                  warnings << :invalid_regex
-                end
-              elsif NUMERIC_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"])
-                value["format"] = { "pattern" => value["format"] } if value["format"].instance_of? String
-                begin
-                  value["format"] = Csvlint::Csvw::NumberFormat.new(value["format"]["pattern"], value["format"]["groupChar"], value["format"]["decimalChar"] || ".", INTEGER_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"]))
-                rescue Csvlint::Csvw::NumberFormatError
-                  value["format"] = Csvlint::Csvw::NumberFormat.new(nil, value["format"]["groupChar"], value["format"]["decimalChar"] || ".", INTEGER_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"]))
-                  warnings << :invalid_number_format
-                end
-              elsif value["base"] == "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean"
-                if value["format"].instance_of? String
-                  value["format"] = value["format"].split("|")
-                  unless value["format"].length == 2
-                    value.delete("format")
-                    warnings << :invalid_boolean_format
-                  end
-                else
+          warnings += convert_value_facet(value, "minInclusive", value["base"])
+          warnings += convert_value_facet(value, "minExclusive", value["base"])
+          warnings += convert_value_facet(value, "maxInclusive", value["base"])
+          warnings += convert_value_facet(value, "maxExclusive", value["base"])
+
+          minInclusive = value["minInclusive"].is_a?(Hash) ? value["minInclusive"][:dateTime] : value["minInclusive"]
+          maxInclusive = value["maxInclusive"].is_a?(Hash) ? value["maxInclusive"][:dateTime] : value["maxInclusive"]
+          minExclusive = value["minExclusive"].is_a?(Hash) ? value["minExclusive"][:dateTime] : value["minExclusive"]
+          maxExclusive = value["maxExclusive"].is_a?(Hash) ? value["maxExclusive"][:dateTime] : value["maxExclusive"]
+
+          raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype cannot specify both minimum/minInclusive (#{minInclusive}) and minExclusive (#{minExclusive}" if minInclusive && minExclusive
+          raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype cannot specify both maximum/maxInclusive (#{maxInclusive}) and maxExclusive (#{maxExclusive}" if maxInclusive && maxExclusive
+          raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype minInclusive (#{minInclusive}) cannot be more than maxInclusive (#{maxInclusive}" if minInclusive && maxInclusive && minInclusive > maxInclusive
+          raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype minInclusive (#{minInclusive}) cannot be more than or equal to maxExclusive (#{maxExclusive}" if minInclusive && maxExclusive && minInclusive >= maxExclusive
+          raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype minExclusive (#{minExclusive}) cannot be more than or equal to maxExclusive (#{maxExclusive}" if minExclusive && maxExclusive && minExclusive > maxExclusive
+          raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype minExclusive (#{minExclusive}) cannot be more than maxInclusive (#{maxInclusive}" if minExclusive && maxInclusive && minExclusive >= maxInclusive
+
+          raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype length (#{value["length"]}) cannot be less than minLength (#{value["minLength"]}" if value["length"] && value["minLength"] && value["length"] < value["minLength"]
+          raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype length (#{value["length"]}) cannot be more than maxLength (#{value["maxLength"]}" if value["length"] && value["maxLength"] && value["length"] > value["maxLength"]
+          raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new(""), "datatype minLength (#{value["minLength"]}) cannot be more than maxLength (#{value["maxLength"]}" if value["minLength"] && value["maxLength"] && value["minLength"] > value["maxLength"]
+
+          if value["format"]
+            if REGEXP_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"])
+              begin
+                value["format"] = Regexp.new(value["format"])
+              rescue RegexpError
+                value.delete("format")
+                warnings << :invalid_regex
+              end
+            elsif NUMERIC_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"])
+              value["format"] = {"pattern" => value["format"]} if value["format"].instance_of? String
+              begin
+                value["format"] = Csvlint::Csvw::NumberFormat.new(value["format"]["pattern"], value["format"]["groupChar"], value["format"]["decimalChar"] || ".", INTEGER_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"]))
+              rescue Csvlint::Csvw::NumberFormatError
+                value["format"] = Csvlint::Csvw::NumberFormat.new(nil, value["format"]["groupChar"], value["format"]["decimalChar"] || ".", INTEGER_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"]))
+                warnings << :invalid_number_format
+              end
+            elsif value["base"] == "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean"
+              if value["format"].instance_of? String
+                value["format"] = value["format"].split("|")
+                unless value["format"].length == 2
                   value.delete("format")
                   warnings << :invalid_boolean_format
                 end
-              elsif DATE_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"])
-                if value["format"].instance_of? String
-                  begin
-                    value["format"] = Csvlint::Csvw::DateFormat.new(value["format"])
-                  rescue Csvlint::CsvDateFormatError
-                    value.delete("format")
-                    warnings << :invalid_date_format
-                  end
-                else
+              else
+                value.delete("format")
+                warnings << :invalid_boolean_format
+              end
+            elsif DATE_FORMAT_DATATYPES.include?(value["base"])
+              if value["format"].instance_of? String
+                begin
+                  value["format"] = Csvlint::Csvw::DateFormat.new(value["format"])
+                rescue Csvlint::CsvDateFormatError
                   value.delete("format")
                   warnings << :invalid_date_format
                 end
+              else
+                value.delete("format")
+                warnings << :invalid_date_format
               end
             end
-            return value, warnings, :inherited
-          },
-          "required" => boolean_property(:inherited),
-          "ordered" => boolean_property(:inherited),
-          "aboutUrl" => uri_template_property(:inherited),
-          "propertyUrl" => uri_template_property(:inherited),
-          "valueUrl" => uri_template_property(:inherited),
-          "textDirection" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            value = value.to_sym
-            return value, nil, :inherited if [:ltr, :rtl, :auto, :inherit].include? value
-            return :inherit, :invalid_value, :inherited
-          },
-          # column level properties
-          "virtual" => boolean_property(:column),
-          "titles" => natural_language_property(:column),
-          "name" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            return value, nil, :column if value.instance_of?(String) && value =~ NAME_REGEXP
-            return nil, :invalid_value, :column
-          },
-          # table level properties
-          "transformations" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            transformations = []
-            warnings = []
-            if value.instance_of? Array
-              value.each_with_index do |transformation,i|
-                if transformation.instance_of? Hash
-                  transformation = transformation.clone
-                  transformation.each do |p,v|
-                    if p == "@id"
-                      raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("transformations[#{i}].@id"), "@id starts with _:" if v =~ /^_:/
-                    elsif p == "@type"
-                      raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("transformations[#{i}].@type"), "@type of transformation is not 'Template'" if v != 'Template'
-                    elsif p == "url"
-                    elsif p == "titles"
-                    else
-                      v, warning, type = check_property(p, v, base_url, lang)
-                      unless type == :transformation && (warning.nil? || warning.empty?)
-                        value.delete(p)
-                        warnings << :invalid_property unless type == :transformation
-                        warnings += Array(warning)
-                      end
+          end
+          return value, warnings, :inherited
+        },
+        "required" => boolean_property(:inherited),
+        "ordered" => boolean_property(:inherited),
+        "aboutUrl" => uri_template_property(:inherited),
+        "propertyUrl" => uri_template_property(:inherited),
+        "valueUrl" => uri_template_property(:inherited),
+        "textDirection" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          value = value.to_sym
+          return value, nil, :inherited if [:ltr, :rtl, :auto, :inherit].include? value
+          return :inherit, :invalid_value, :inherited
+        },
+        # column level properties
+        "virtual" => boolean_property(:column),
+        "titles" => natural_language_property(:column),
+        "name" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          return value, nil, :column if value.instance_of?(String) && value =~ NAME_REGEXP
+          return nil, :invalid_value, :column
+        },
+        # table level properties
+        "transformations" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          transformations = []
+          warnings = []
+          if value.instance_of? Array
+            value.each_with_index do |transformation, i|
+              if transformation.instance_of? Hash
+                transformation = transformation.clone
+                transformation.each do |p, v|
+                  if p == "@id"
+                    raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("transformations[#{i}].@id"), "@id starts with _:" if /^_:/.match?(v)
+                  elsif p == "@type"
+                    raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("transformations[#{i}].@type"), "@type of transformation is not 'Template'" if v != "Template"
+                  elsif p == "url"
+                  elsif p == "titles"
+                  else
+                    v, warning, type = check_property(p, v, base_url, lang)
+                    unless type == :transformation && (warning.nil? || warning.empty?)
+                      value.delete(p)
+                      warnings << :invalid_property unless type == :transformation
+                      warnings += Array(warning)
                     end
                   end
-                  transformations << transformation
-                else
-                  warnings << :invalid_transformation
                 end
+                transformations << transformation
+              else
+                warnings << :invalid_transformation
               end
-            else
-              warnings << :invalid_value
             end
-            return transformations, warnings, :table
-          },
-          "tableDirection" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            value = value.to_sym
-            return value, nil, :table if [:ltr, :rtl, :auto].include? value
-            return :auto, :invalid_value, :table
-          },
-          "tableSchema" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            schema_base_url = base_url
-            schema_lang = lang
-            if value.instance_of? String
-              schema_url = URI.join(base_url, value).to_s
-              schema_base_url = schema_url
-              schema_ref = schema_url.start_with?("file:") ? File.new(schema_url[5..-1]) : schema_url
-              schema = JSON.parse( URI.open(schema_ref).read )
-              schema["@id"] = schema["@id"] ? URI.join(schema_url, schema["@id"]).to_s : schema_url
-              if schema["@context"]
-                if schema["@context"].instance_of?(Array) && schema["@context"].length > 1
-                  schema_base_url = schema["@context"][1]["@base"] ? URI.join(schema_base_url, schema["@context"][1]["@base"]).to_s : schema_base_url
-                  schema_lang = schema["@context"][1]["@language"] || schema_lang
-                end
-                schema.delete("@context")
+          else
+            warnings << :invalid_value
+          end
+          return transformations, warnings, :table
+        },
+        "tableDirection" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          value = value.to_sym
+          return value, nil, :table if [:ltr, :rtl, :auto].include? value
+          return :auto, :invalid_value, :table
+        },
+        "tableSchema" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          schema_base_url = base_url
+          schema_lang = lang
+          if value.instance_of? String
+            schema_url = URI.join(base_url, value).to_s
+            schema_base_url = schema_url
+            schema_ref = schema_url.start_with?("file:") ? File.new(schema_url[5..-1]) : schema_url
+            schema = JSON.parse(URI.open(schema_ref).read)
+            schema["@id"] = schema["@id"] ? URI.join(schema_url, schema["@id"]).to_s : schema_url
+            if schema["@context"]
+              if schema["@context"].instance_of?(Array) && schema["@context"].length > 1
+                schema_base_url = schema["@context"][1]["@base"] ? URI.join(schema_base_url, schema["@context"][1]["@base"]).to_s : schema_base_url
+                schema_lang = schema["@context"][1]["@language"] || schema_lang
               end
-            elsif value.instance_of? Hash
-              schema = value.clone
-            else
-              return {}, :invalid_value, :table
+              schema.delete("@context")
             end
-            warnings = []
-            schema.each do |p,v|
-              if p == "@id"
-                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("tableSchema.@id"), "@id starts with _:" if v =~ /^_:/
-              elsif p == "@type"
-                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("tableSchema.@type"), "@type of schema is not 'Schema'" if v != 'Schema'
+          elsif value.instance_of? Hash
+            schema = value.clone
+          else
+            return {}, :invalid_value, :table
+          end
+          warnings = []
+          schema.each do |p, v|
+            if p == "@id"
+              raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("tableSchema.@id"), "@id starts with _:" if /^_:/.match?(v)
+            elsif p == "@type"
+              raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("tableSchema.@type"), "@type of schema is not 'Schema'" if v != "Schema"
+            else
+              v, warning, type = check_property(p, v, schema_base_url, schema_lang)
+              if (type == :schema || type == :inherited) && (warning.nil? || warning.empty?)
+                schema[p] = v
               else
-                v, warning, type = check_property(p, v, schema_base_url, schema_lang)
-                if (type == :schema || type == :inherited) && (warning.nil? || warning.empty?)
-                  schema[p] = v
-                else
-                  schema.delete(p)
-                  warnings << :invalid_property unless (type == :schema || type == :inherited)
-                  warnings += Array(warning)
-                end
+                schema.delete(p)
+                warnings << :invalid_property unless type == :schema || type == :inherited
+                warnings += Array(warning)
               end
             end
-            return schema, warnings, :table
-          },
-          "url" => link_property(:table),
-          # dialect properties
-          "commentPrefix" => string_property(:dialect),
-          "delimiter" => string_property(:dialect),
-          "doubleQuote" => boolean_property(:dialect),
-          "encoding" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            return value, nil, :dialect if VALID_ENCODINGS.include? value
-            return nil, :invalid_value, :dialect
-          },
-          "header" => boolean_property(:dialect),
-          "headerRowCount" => numeric_property(:dialect),
-          "lineTerminators" => array_property(:dialect),
-          "quoteChar" => string_property(:dialect),
-          "skipBlankRows" => boolean_property(:dialect),
-          "skipColumns" => numeric_property(:dialect),
-          "skipInitialSpace" => boolean_property(:dialect),
-          "skipRows" => numeric_property(:dialect),
-          "trim" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            value = :true if value == true || value == "true"
-            value = :false if value == false || value == "false"
-            value = :start if value == "start"
-            value = :end if value == "end"
-            return value, nil, :dialect if [:true, :false, :start, :end].include? value
-            return true, :invalid_value, :dialect
-          },
-          # schema properties
-          "columns" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang| return value, nil, :schema },
-          "primaryKey" => column_reference_property(:schema),
-          "foreignKeys" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            foreign_keys = []
-            warnings = []
-            if value.instance_of? Array
-              value.each_with_index do |foreign_key,i|
-                if foreign_key.instance_of? Hash
-                  foreign_key = foreign_key.clone
-                  foreign_key.each do |p,v|
-                    v, warning, type = check_property(p, v, base_url, lang)
-                    if type == :foreign_key && (warning.nil? || warning.empty?)
-                      foreign_key[p] = v
-                    elsif p =~ /:/
-                      raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("foreignKey.#{p}"), "foreignKey includes a prefixed (common) property"
-                    else
-                      foreign_key.delete(p)
-                      warnings << :invalid_property unless type == :foreign_key
-                      warnings += Array(warning)
-                    end
-                  end
-                  foreign_keys << foreign_key
-                else
-                  warnings << :invalid_foreign_key
-                end
-              end
-            else
-              warnings << :invalid_value
-            end
-            return foreign_keys, warnings, :schema
-          },
-          "rowTitles" => column_reference_property(:schema),
-          # transformation properties
-          "targetFormat" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang| return value, nil, :transformation },
-          "scriptFormat" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang| return value, nil, :transformation },
-          "source" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang| return value, nil, :transformation },
-          # foreignKey properties
-          "columnReference" => column_reference_property(:foreign_key),
-          "reference" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            if value.instance_of? Hash
-              value = value.clone
-              warnings = []
-              value.each do |p,v|
-                if ["resource", "schemaReference", "columnReference"].include? p
+          end
+          return schema, warnings, :table
+        },
+        "url" => link_property(:table),
+        # dialect properties
+        "commentPrefix" => string_property(:dialect),
+        "delimiter" => string_property(:dialect),
+        "doubleQuote" => boolean_property(:dialect),
+        "encoding" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          return value, nil, :dialect if VALID_ENCODINGS.include? value
+          return nil, :invalid_value, :dialect
+        },
+        "header" => boolean_property(:dialect),
+        "headerRowCount" => numeric_property(:dialect),
+        "lineTerminators" => array_property(:dialect),
+        "quoteChar" => string_property(:dialect),
+        "skipBlankRows" => boolean_property(:dialect),
+        "skipColumns" => numeric_property(:dialect),
+        "skipInitialSpace" => boolean_property(:dialect),
+        "skipRows" => numeric_property(:dialect),
+        "trim" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          value = :true if value == true || value == "true"
+          value = :false if value == false || value == "false"
+          value = :start if value == "start"
+          value = :end if value == "end"
+          return value, nil, :dialect if [:true, :false, :start, :end].include? value
+          return true, :invalid_value, :dialect
+        },
+        # schema properties
+        "columns" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang| return value, nil, :schema },
+        "primaryKey" => column_reference_property(:schema),
+        "foreignKeys" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          foreign_keys = []
+          warnings = []
+          if value.instance_of? Array
+            value.each_with_index do |foreign_key, i|
+              if foreign_key.instance_of? Hash
+                foreign_key = foreign_key.clone
+                foreign_key.each do |p, v|
                   v, warning, type = check_property(p, v, base_url, lang)
-                  if warning.nil? || warning.empty?
-                    value[p] = v
+                  if type == :foreign_key && (warning.nil? || warning.empty?)
+                    foreign_key[p] = v
+                  elsif /:/.match?(p)
+                    raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("foreignKey.#{p}"), "foreignKey includes a prefixed (common) property"
                   else
-                    value.delete(p)
+                    foreign_key.delete(p)
+                    warnings << :invalid_property unless type == :foreign_key
                     warnings += Array(warning)
                   end
-                elsif p =~ /:/
-                  raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("foreignKey.reference.#{p}"), "foreignKey reference includes a prefixed (common) property"
+                end
+                foreign_keys << foreign_key
+              else
+                warnings << :invalid_foreign_key
+              end
+            end
+          else
+            warnings << :invalid_value
+          end
+          return foreign_keys, warnings, :schema
+        },
+        "rowTitles" => column_reference_property(:schema),
+        # transformation properties
+        "targetFormat" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang| return value, nil, :transformation },
+        "scriptFormat" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang| return value, nil, :transformation },
+        "source" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang| return value, nil, :transformation },
+        # foreignKey properties
+        "columnReference" => column_reference_property(:foreign_key),
+        "reference" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          if value.instance_of? Hash
+            value = value.clone
+            warnings = []
+            value.each do |p, v|
+              if ["resource", "schemaReference", "columnReference"].include? p
+                v, warning, type = check_property(p, v, base_url, lang)
+                if warning.nil? || warning.empty?
+                  value[p] = v
                 else
                   value.delete(p)
-                  warnings << :invalid_property
+                  warnings += Array(warning)
                 end
+              elsif /:/.match?(p)
+                raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("foreignKey.reference.#{p}"), "foreignKey reference includes a prefixed (common) property"
+              else
+                value.delete(p)
+                warnings << :invalid_property
               end
-              raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("foreignKey.reference.columnReference"), "foreignKey reference columnReference is missing" unless value["columnReference"]
-              raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("foreignKey.reference"), "foreignKey reference does not have either resource or schemaReference" unless value["resource"] || value["schemaReference"]
-              raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("foreignKey.reference"), "foreignKey reference has both resource and schemaReference" if value["resource"] && value["schemaReference"]
-              return value, warnings, :foreign_key
-            else
-              raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("foreignKey.reference"), "foreignKey reference is not an object"
             end
-          },
-          # foreignKey reference properties
-          "resource" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang| return value, nil, :foreign_key_reference },
-          "schemaReference" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
-            return URI.join(base_url, value).to_s, nil, :foreign_key_reference
-          }
-        }
-
-        NAMESPACES = {
-          "dcat" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#",
-          "qb" => "http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#",
-          "grddl" => "http://www.w3.org/2003/g/data-view#",
-          "ma" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/ma-ont#",
-          "org" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#",
-          "owl" => "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#",
-          "prov" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#",
-          "rdf" => "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
-          "rdfa" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/rdfa#",
-          "rdfs" => "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
-          "rif" => "http://www.w3.org/2007/rif#",
-          "rr" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/r2rml#",
-          "sd" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/sparql-service-description#",
-          "skos" => "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#",
-          "skosxl" => "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#",
-          "wdr" => "http://www.w3.org/2007/05/powder#",
-          "void" => "http://rdfs.org/ns/void#",
-          "wdrs" => "http://www.w3.org/2007/05/powder-s#",
-          "xhv" => "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab#",
-          "xml" => "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace",
-          "xsd" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
-          "csvw" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/csvw#",
-          "cnt" => "http://www.w3.org/2008/content",
-          "earl" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/earl#",
-          "ht" => "http://www.w3.org/2006/http#",
-          "oa" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#",
-          "ptr" => "http://www.w3.org/2009/pointers#",
-          "cc" => "http://creativecommons.org/ns#",
-          "ctag" => "http://commontag.org/ns#",
-          "dc" => "http://purl.org/dc/terms/",
-          "dcterms" => "http://purl.org/dc/terms/",
-          "dc11" => "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
-          "foaf" => "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
-          "gr" => "http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#",
-          "ical" => "http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/icaltzd#",
-          "og" => "http://ogp.me/ns#",
-          "rev" => "http://purl.org/stuff/rev#",
-          "sioc" => "http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns#",
-          "v" => "http://rdf.data-vocabulary.org/#",
-          "vcard" => "http://www.w3.org/2006/vcard/ns#",
-          "schema" => "http://schema.org/"
-        }
-
-        BCP47_REGULAR_REGEXP = "(art-lojban|cel-gaulish|no-bok|no-nyn|zh-guoyu|zh-hakka|zh-min|zh-min-nan|zh-xiang)"
-        BCP47_IRREGULAR_REGEXP = "(en-GB-oed|i-ami|i-bnn|i-default|i-enochian|i-hak|i-klingon|i-lux|i-mingo|i-navajo|i-pwn|i-tao|i-tay|i-tsu|sgn-BE-FR|sgn-BE-NL|sgn-CH-DE)"
-        BCP47_GRANDFATHERED_REGEXP = "(?<grandfathered>" + BCP47_IRREGULAR_REGEXP + "|" + BCP47_REGULAR_REGEXP + ")"
-        BCP47_PRIVATE_USE_REGEXP = "(?<privateUse>x(-[A-Za-z0-9]{1,8})+)"
-        BCP47_SINGLETON_REGEXP = "[0-9A-WY-Za-wy-z]"
-        BCP47_EXTENSION_REGEXP = "(?<extension>" + BCP47_SINGLETON_REGEXP + "(-[A-Za-z0-9]{2,8})+)"
-        BCP47_VARIANT_REGEXP = "(?<variant>[A-Za-z0-9]{5,8}|[0-9][A-Za-z0-9]{3})"
-        BCP47_REGION_REGEXP = "(?<region>[A-Za-z]{2}|[0-9]{3})"
-        BCP47_SCRIPT_REGEXP = "(?<script>[A-Za-z]{4})"
-        BCP47_EXTLANG_REGEXP = "(?<extlang>[A-Za-z]{3}(-[A-Za-z]{3}){0,2})"
-        BCP47_LANGUAGE_REGEXP = "(?<language>([A-Za-z]{2,3}(-" + BCP47_EXTLANG_REGEXP + ")?)|[A-Za-z]{4}|[A-Za-z]{5,8})"
-        BCP47_LANGTAG_REGEXP = "(" + BCP47_LANGUAGE_REGEXP + "(-" + BCP47_SCRIPT_REGEXP + ")?" + "(-" + BCP47_REGION_REGEXP + ")?" + "(-" + BCP47_VARIANT_REGEXP + ")*" + "(-" + BCP47_EXTENSION_REGEXP + ")*" + "(-" + BCP47_PRIVATE_USE_REGEXP + ")?" + ")"
-        BCP47_LANGUAGETAG_REGEXP = "^(" + BCP47_GRANDFATHERED_REGEXP + "|" + BCP47_LANGTAG_REGEXP + "|" + BCP47_PRIVATE_USE_REGEXP + ")$"
-        BCP47_REGEXP = Regexp.new(BCP47_LANGUAGETAG_REGEXP)
-
-        NAME_REGEXP = /^([A-Za-z0-9]|(%[A-F0-9][A-F0-9]))([A-Za-z0-9_]|(%[A-F0-9][A-F0-9]))*$/
-
-        BUILT_IN_TYPES = ["TableGroup", "Table", "Schema", "Column", "Dialect", "Template", "Datatype"]
-
-        REGEXP_FORMAT_DATATYPES = [
-          "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#XMLLiteral",
-          "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#HTML",
-          "http://www.w3.org/ns/csvw#JSON",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyAtomicType",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyURI",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#base64Binary",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#duration",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dayTimeDuration",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#yearMonthDuration",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#hexBinary",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#QName",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#normalizedString",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#token",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#language",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#Name",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#NMTOKEN"
-        ]
-
-        STRING_DATATYPES = [
-          "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#XMLLiteral",
-          "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#HTML",
-          "http://www.w3.org/ns/csvw#JSON",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#normalizedString",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#token",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#language",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#Name",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#NMTOKEN"
-        ]
-
-        BINARY_DATATYPES = [
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#base64Binary",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#hexBinary"
-        ]
-
-        INTEGER_FORMAT_DATATYPES = [
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#long",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#short",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#byte",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#positiveInteger",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedLong",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedInt",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedShort",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedByte",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonPositiveInteger",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#negativeInteger"
-        ]
-
-        NUMERIC_FORMAT_DATATYPES = [
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#float"
-        ] + INTEGER_FORMAT_DATATYPES
-
-        DATE_FORMAT_DATATYPES = [
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTimeStamp",
-          "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#time"
-        ]
-
-        BUILT_IN_DATATYPES = {
-          "number" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double",
-          "binary" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#base64Binary",
-          "datetime" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime",
-          "any" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyAtomicType",
-          "xml" => "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#XMLLiteral",
-          "html" => "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#HTML",
-          "json" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/csvw#JSON",
-          "anyAtomicType" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyAtomicType",
-          "anyURI" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyURI",
-          "base64Binary" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#base64Binary",
-          "boolean" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean",
-          "date" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date",
-          "dateTime" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime",
-          "dateTimeStamp" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTimeStamp",
-          "decimal" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal",
-          "integer" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer",
-          "long" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#long",
-          "int" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int",
-          "short" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#short",
-          "byte" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#byte",
-          "nonNegativeInteger" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger",
-          "positiveInteger" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#positiveInteger",
-          "unsignedLong" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedLong",
-          "unsignedInt" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedInt",
-          "unsignedShort" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedShort",
-          "unsignedByte" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedByte",
-          "nonPositiveInteger" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonPositiveInteger",
-          "negativeInteger" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#negativeInteger",
-          "double" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double",
-          "duration" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#duration",
-          "dayTimeDuration" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dayTimeDuration",
-          "yearMonthDuration" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#yearMonthDuration",
-          "float" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#float",
-          "gDay" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#gDay",
-          "gMonth" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#gMonth",
-          "gMonthDay" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#gMonthDay",
-          "gYear" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#gYear",
-          "gYearMonth" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#gYearMonth",
-          "hexBinary" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#hexBinary",
-          "QName" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#QName",
-          "string" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string",
-          "normalizedString" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#normalizedString",
-          "token" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#token",
-          "language" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#language",
-          "Name" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#Name",
-          "NMTOKEN" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#NMTOKEN",
-          "time" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#time"
+            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("foreignKey.reference.columnReference"), "foreignKey reference columnReference is missing" unless value["columnReference"]
+            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("foreignKey.reference"), "foreignKey reference does not have either resource or schemaReference" unless value["resource"] || value["schemaReference"]
+            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("foreignKey.reference"), "foreignKey reference has both resource and schemaReference" if value["resource"] && value["schemaReference"]
+            return value, warnings, :foreign_key
+          else
+            raise Csvlint::Csvw::MetadataError.new("foreignKey.reference"), "foreignKey reference is not an object"
+          end
+        },
+        # foreignKey reference properties
+        "resource" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang| return value, nil, :foreign_key_reference },
+        "schemaReference" => lambda { |value, base_url, lang|
+          return URI.join(base_url, value).to_s, nil, :foreign_key_reference
         }
-
-        VALID_ENCODINGS = [
-          "utf-8",
-          "ibm866",
-          "iso-8859-2",
-          "iso-8859-3",
-          "iso-8859-4",
-          "iso-8859-5",
-          "iso-8859-6",
-          "iso-8859-7",
-          "iso-8859-8",
-          "iso-8859-8-i",
-          "iso-8859-10",
-          "iso-8859-13",
-          "iso-8859-14",
-          "iso-8859-15",
-          "iso-8859-16",
-          "koi8-r",
-          "koi8-u",
-          "macintosh",
-          "windows-874",
-          "windows-1250",
-          "windows-1251",
-          "windows-1252",
-          "windows-1253",
-          "windows-1254",
-          "windows-1255",
-          "windows-1256",
-          "windows-1257",
-          "windows-1258",
-          "x-mac-cyrillic",
-          "gb18030",
-          "hz-gb-2312",
-          "big5",
-          "euc-jp",
-          "iso-2022-jp",
-          "shift_jis",
-          "euc-kr",
-          "replacement",
-          "utf-16be",
-          "utf-16le",
-          "x-user-defined"
-        ]
+      }
+
+      NAMESPACES = {
+        "dcat" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#",
+        "qb" => "http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#",
+        "grddl" => "http://www.w3.org/2003/g/data-view#",
+        "ma" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/ma-ont#",
+        "org" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#",
+        "owl" => "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#",
+        "prov" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#",
+        "rdf" => "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
+        "rdfa" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/rdfa#",
+        "rdfs" => "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
+        "rif" => "http://www.w3.org/2007/rif#",
+        "rr" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/r2rml#",
+        "sd" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/sparql-service-description#",
+        "skos" => "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#",
+        "skosxl" => "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#",
+        "wdr" => "http://www.w3.org/2007/05/powder#",
+        "void" => "http://rdfs.org/ns/void#",
+        "wdrs" => "http://www.w3.org/2007/05/powder-s#",
+        "xhv" => "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab#",
+        "xml" => "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace",
+        "xsd" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
+        "csvw" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/csvw#",
+        "cnt" => "http://www.w3.org/2008/content",
+        "earl" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/earl#",
+        "ht" => "http://www.w3.org/2006/http#",
+        "oa" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#",
+        "ptr" => "http://www.w3.org/2009/pointers#",
+        "cc" => "http://creativecommons.org/ns#",
+        "ctag" => "http://commontag.org/ns#",
+        "dc" => "http://purl.org/dc/terms/",
+        "dcterms" => "http://purl.org/dc/terms/",
+        "dc11" => "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
+        "foaf" => "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
+        "gr" => "http://purl.org/goodrelations/v1#",
+        "ical" => "http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/icaltzd#",
+        "og" => "http://ogp.me/ns#",
+        "rev" => "http://purl.org/stuff/rev#",
+        "sioc" => "http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns#",
+        "v" => "http://rdf.data-vocabulary.org/#",
+        "vcard" => "http://www.w3.org/2006/vcard/ns#",
+        "schema" => "http://schema.org/"
+      }
+
+      BCP47_REGULAR_REGEXP = "(art-lojban|cel-gaulish|no-bok|no-nyn|zh-guoyu|zh-hakka|zh-min|zh-min-nan|zh-xiang)"
+      BCP47_IRREGULAR_REGEXP = "(en-GB-oed|i-ami|i-bnn|i-default|i-enochian|i-hak|i-klingon|i-lux|i-mingo|i-navajo|i-pwn|i-tao|i-tay|i-tsu|sgn-BE-FR|sgn-BE-NL|sgn-CH-DE)"
+      BCP47_GRANDFATHERED_REGEXP = "(?<grandfathered>" + BCP47_IRREGULAR_REGEXP + "|" + BCP47_REGULAR_REGEXP + ")"
+      BCP47_PRIVATE_USE_REGEXP = "(?<privateUse>x(-[A-Za-z0-9]{1,8})+)"
+      BCP47_SINGLETON_REGEXP = "[0-9A-WY-Za-wy-z]"
+      BCP47_EXTENSION_REGEXP = "(?<extension>" + BCP47_SINGLETON_REGEXP + "(-[A-Za-z0-9]{2,8})+)"
+      BCP47_VARIANT_REGEXP = "(?<variant>[A-Za-z0-9]{5,8}|[0-9][A-Za-z0-9]{3})"
+      BCP47_REGION_REGEXP = "(?<region>[A-Za-z]{2}|[0-9]{3})"
+      BCP47_SCRIPT_REGEXP = "(?<script>[A-Za-z]{4})"
+      BCP47_EXTLANG_REGEXP = "(?<extlang>[A-Za-z]{3}(-[A-Za-z]{3}){0,2})"
+      BCP47_LANGUAGE_REGEXP = "(?<language>([A-Za-z]{2,3}(-" + BCP47_EXTLANG_REGEXP + ")?)|[A-Za-z]{4}|[A-Za-z]{5,8})"
+      BCP47_LANGTAG_REGEXP = "(" + BCP47_LANGUAGE_REGEXP + "(-" + BCP47_SCRIPT_REGEXP + ")?" + "(-" + BCP47_REGION_REGEXP + ")?" + "(-" + BCP47_VARIANT_REGEXP + ")*" + "(-" + BCP47_EXTENSION_REGEXP + ")*" + "(-" + BCP47_PRIVATE_USE_REGEXP + ")?" + ")"
+      BCP47_LANGUAGETAG_REGEXP = "^(" + BCP47_GRANDFATHERED_REGEXP + "|" + BCP47_LANGTAG_REGEXP + "|" + BCP47_PRIVATE_USE_REGEXP + ")$"
+      BCP47_REGEXP = Regexp.new(BCP47_LANGUAGETAG_REGEXP)
+
+      NAME_REGEXP = /^([A-Za-z0-9]|(%[A-F0-9][A-F0-9]))([A-Za-z0-9_]|(%[A-F0-9][A-F0-9]))*$/
+
+      BUILT_IN_TYPES = ["TableGroup", "Table", "Schema", "Column", "Dialect", "Template", "Datatype"]
+
+      REGEXP_FORMAT_DATATYPES = [
+        "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#XMLLiteral",
+        "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#HTML",
+        "http://www.w3.org/ns/csvw#JSON",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyAtomicType",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyURI",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#base64Binary",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#duration",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dayTimeDuration",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#yearMonthDuration",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#hexBinary",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#QName",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#normalizedString",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#token",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#language",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#Name",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#NMTOKEN"
+      ]
+
+      STRING_DATATYPES = [
+        "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#XMLLiteral",
+        "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#HTML",
+        "http://www.w3.org/ns/csvw#JSON",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#normalizedString",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#token",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#language",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#Name",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#NMTOKEN"
+      ]
+
+      BINARY_DATATYPES = [
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#base64Binary",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#hexBinary"
+      ]
+
+      INTEGER_FORMAT_DATATYPES = [
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#long",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#short",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#byte",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#positiveInteger",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedLong",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedInt",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedShort",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedByte",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonPositiveInteger",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#negativeInteger"
+      ]
+
+      NUMERIC_FORMAT_DATATYPES = [
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#float"
+      ] + INTEGER_FORMAT_DATATYPES
+
+      DATE_FORMAT_DATATYPES = [
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTimeStamp",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#time"
+      ]
+
+      BUILT_IN_DATATYPES = {
+        "number" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double",
+        "binary" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#base64Binary",
+        "datetime" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime",
+        "any" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyAtomicType",
+        "xml" => "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#XMLLiteral",
+        "html" => "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#HTML",
+        "json" => "http://www.w3.org/ns/csvw#JSON",
+        "anyAtomicType" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyAtomicType",
+        "anyURI" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyURI",
+        "base64Binary" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#base64Binary",
+        "boolean" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean",
+        "date" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date",
+        "dateTime" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime",
+        "dateTimeStamp" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTimeStamp",
+        "decimal" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal",
+        "integer" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer",
+        "long" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#long",
+        "int" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int",
+        "short" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#short",
+        "byte" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#byte",
+        "nonNegativeInteger" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger",
+        "positiveInteger" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#positiveInteger",
+        "unsignedLong" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedLong",
+        "unsignedInt" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedInt",
+        "unsignedShort" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedShort",
+        "unsignedByte" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedByte",
+        "nonPositiveInteger" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonPositiveInteger",
+        "negativeInteger" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#negativeInteger",
+        "double" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double",
+        "duration" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#duration",
+        "dayTimeDuration" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dayTimeDuration",
+        "yearMonthDuration" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#yearMonthDuration",
+        "float" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#float",
+        "gDay" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#gDay",
+        "gMonth" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#gMonth",
+        "gMonthDay" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#gMonthDay",
+        "gYear" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#gYear",
+        "gYearMonth" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#gYearMonth",
+        "hexBinary" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#hexBinary",
+        "QName" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#QName",
+        "string" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string",
+        "normalizedString" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#normalizedString",
+        "token" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#token",
+        "language" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#language",
+        "Name" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#Name",
+        "NMTOKEN" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#NMTOKEN",
+        "time" => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#time"
+      }
+
+      VALID_ENCODINGS = [
+        "utf-8",
+        "ibm866",
+        "iso-8859-2",
+        "iso-8859-3",
+        "iso-8859-4",
+        "iso-8859-5",
+        "iso-8859-6",
+        "iso-8859-7",
+        "iso-8859-8",
+        "iso-8859-8-i",
+        "iso-8859-10",
+        "iso-8859-13",
+        "iso-8859-14",
+        "iso-8859-15",
+        "iso-8859-16",
+        "koi8-r",
+        "koi8-u",
+        "macintosh",
+        "windows-874",
+        "windows-1250",
+        "windows-1251",
+        "windows-1252",
+        "windows-1253",
+        "windows-1254",
+        "windows-1255",
+        "windows-1256",
+        "windows-1257",
+        "windows-1258",
+        "x-mac-cyrillic",
+        "gb18030",
+        "hz-gb-2312",
+        "big5",
+        "euc-jp",
+        "iso-2022-jp",
+        "shift_jis",
+        "euc-kr",
+        "replacement",
+        "utf-16be",
+        "utf-16le",
+        "x-user-defined"
+      ]
     end
   end
 end