construqt-ipaddress 0.8.1
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- checksums.yaml +7 -0
- data/.document +5 -0
- data/CHANGELOG.rdoc +105 -0
- data/LICENSE +20 -0
- data/README.rdoc +965 -0
- data/Rakefile +83 -0
- data/VERSION +1 -0
- data/ipaddress.gemspec +55 -0
- data/lib/ipaddress.rb +306 -0
- data/lib/ipaddress/ipv4.rb +1005 -0
- data/lib/ipaddress/ipv6.rb +1003 -0
- data/lib/ipaddress/prefix.rb +265 -0
- data/test/ipaddress/ipv4_test.rb +555 -0
- data/test/ipaddress/ipv6_test.rb +448 -0
- data/test/ipaddress/prefix_test.rb +159 -0
- data/test/ipaddress_test.rb +119 -0
- data/test/test_helper.rb +28 -0
- metadata +66 -0
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require 'ipaddress/prefix'
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module IPAddress;
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#
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# =Name
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#
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# IPAddress::IPv4 - IP version 4 address manipulation library
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#
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# =Synopsis
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#
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# require 'ipaddress'
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#
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# =Description
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#
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# Class IPAddress::IPv4 is used to handle IPv4 type addresses.
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#
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class IPv4
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include IPAddress
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include Enumerable
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include Comparable
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#
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# This Hash contains the prefix values for Classful networks
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#
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# Note that classes C, D and E will all have a default
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# prefix of /24 or 255.255.255.0
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#
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CLASSFUL = {
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/^0../ => 8, # Class A, from 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255
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/^10./ => 16, # Class B, from 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255
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/^110/ => 24 # Class C, D and E, from 192.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.254
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}
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#
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# Regular expression to match an IPv4 address
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#
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REGEXP = Regexp.new(/((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)\.){3}(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)/)
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#
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# Creates a new IPv4 address object.
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#
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# An IPv4 address can be expressed in any of the following forms:
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#
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# * "10.1.1.1/24": ip +address+ and +prefix+. This is the common and
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# suggested way to create an object .
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# * "10.1.1.1/255.255.255.0": ip +address+ and +netmask+. Although
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# convenient sometimes, this format is less clear than the previous
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# one.
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# * "10.1.1.1": if the address alone is specified, the prefix will be
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# set as default 32, also known as the host prefix
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#
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# Examples:
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#
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# # These two are the same
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# ip = IPAddress::IPv4.new("10.0.0.1/24")
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# ip = IPAddress("10.0.0.1/24")
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#
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# # These two are the same
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# IPAddress::IPv4.new "10.0.0.1/8"
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# IPAddress::IPv4.new "10.0.0.1/255.0.0.0"
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#
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def initialize(str)
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ip, netmask = str.split("/")
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# Check the ip and remove white space
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if IPAddress.valid_ipv4?(ip)
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@address = ip.strip
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else
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raise ArgumentError, "Invalid IP #{ip.inspect}"
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end
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# Check the netmask
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if netmask # netmask is defined
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netmask.strip!
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if netmask =~ /^\d{1,2}$/ # netmask in cidr format
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@prefix = Prefix32.new(netmask.to_i)
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elsif IPAddress.valid_ipv4_netmask?(netmask) # netmask in IP format
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@prefix = Prefix32.parse_netmask(netmask)
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else # invalid netmask
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raise ArgumentError, "Invalid netmask #{netmask}"
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end
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else # netmask is nil, reverting to defaul classful mask
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@prefix = Prefix32.new(32)
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end
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# Array formed with the IP octets
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@octets = @address.split(".").map{|i| i.to_i}
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# 32 bits interger containing the address
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@u32 = (@octets[0]<< 24) + (@octets[1]<< 16) + (@octets[2]<< 8) + (@octets[3])
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end # def initialize
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#
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# Returns the address portion of the IPv4 object
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# as a string.
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.100.4/22")
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#
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# ip.address
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# #=> "172.16.100.4"
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#
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def address
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@address
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end
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#
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# Returns the prefix portion of the IPv4 object
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# as a IPAddress::Prefix32 object
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.100.4/22")
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#
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# ip.prefix
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# #=> 22
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#
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# ip.prefix.class
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# #=> IPAddress::Prefix32
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#
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def prefix
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@prefix
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end
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#
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# Set a new prefix number for the object
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#
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# This is useful if you want to change the prefix
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# to an object created with IPv4::parse_u32 or
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# if the object was created using the classful
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# mask.
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.100.4")
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#
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# puts ip
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# #=> 172.16.100.4/16
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#
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# ip.prefix = 22
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#
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# puts ip
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# #=> 172.16.100.4/22
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#
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def prefix=(num)
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@prefix = Prefix32.new(num)
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end
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#
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# Returns the address as an array of decimal values
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.100.4")
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#
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# ip.octets
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# #=> [172, 16, 100, 4]
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#
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def octets
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@octets
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end
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#
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# Returns a string with the address portion of
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# the IPv4 object
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.100.4/22")
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#
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# ip.to_s
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# #=> "172.16.100.4"
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#
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def to_s
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@address
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end
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# this exists in ipv6
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alias_method :compressed, :to_s
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#
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# Returns a string with the IP address in canonical
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# form.
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.100.4/22")
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#
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# ip.to_string
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# #=> "172.16.100.4/22"
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#
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def to_string
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"#@address/#@prefix"
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end
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#
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# Returns the prefix as a string in IP format
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.100.4/22")
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#
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# ip.netmask
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# #=> "255.255.252.0"
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#
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def netmask
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@prefix.to_ip
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end
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#
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# Like IPv4#prefix=, this method allow you to
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# change the prefix / netmask of an IP address
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# object.
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.100.4")
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#
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# puts ip
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# #=> 172.16.100.4/16
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#
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# ip.netmask = "255.255.252.0"
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#
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# puts ip
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# #=> 172.16.100.4/22
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#
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def netmask=(addr)
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@prefix = Prefix32.parse_netmask(addr)
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end
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#
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# Returns the address portion in unsigned
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# 32 bits integer format.
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#
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# This method is identical to the C function
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# inet_pton to create a 32 bits address family
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# structure.
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("10.0.0.0/8")
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#
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# ip.to_i
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# #=> 167772160
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#
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def u32
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@u32
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end
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alias_method :to_i, :u32
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alias_method :to_u32, :u32
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#
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# Returns the address portion of an IPv4 object
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# in a network byte order format.
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.10.1/24")
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#
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# ip.data
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# #=> "\254\020\n\001"
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#
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# It is usually used to include an IP address
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# in a data packet to be sent over a socket
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#
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# a = Socket.open(params) # socket details here
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# ip = IPAddress("10.1.1.0/24")
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# binary_data = ["Address: "].pack("a*") + ip.data
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#
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# # Send binary data
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# a.puts binary_data
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#
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def data
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[@u32].pack("N")
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end
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#
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# Returns the octet specified by index
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.100.50/24")
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#
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# ip[0]
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# #=> 172
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# ip[1]
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# #=> 16
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# ip[2]
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# #=> 100
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# ip[3]
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# #=> 50
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#
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def [](index)
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@octets[index]
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end
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alias_method :octet, :[]
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#
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# Returns the address portion of an IP in binary format,
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# as a string containing a sequence of 0 and 1
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("127.0.0.1")
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#
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# ip.bits
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# #=> "01111111000000000000000000000001"
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#
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def bits
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data.unpack("B*").first
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end
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#
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# Returns the broadcast address for the given IP.
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.10.64/24")
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#
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# ip.broadcast.to_s
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# #=> "172.16.10.255"
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#
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def broadcast
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self.class.parse_u32(broadcast_u32, @prefix)
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end
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#
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# Checks if the IP address is actually a network
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.10.64/24")
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#
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# ip.network?
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# #=> false
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.10.64/26")
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#
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# ip.network?
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# #=> true
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#
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def network?
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(@prefix < 32) && (@u32 | @prefix.to_u32 == @prefix.to_u32)
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end
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#
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# Returns a new IPv4 object with the network number
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# for the given IP.
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("172.16.10.64/24")
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#
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# ip.network.to_s
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# #=> "172.16.10.0"
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#
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def network
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self.class.parse_u32(network_u32, @prefix)
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end
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#
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# Returns a new IPv4 object with the
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# first host IP address in the range.
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#
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# Example: given the 192.168.100.0/24 network, the first
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# host IP address is 192.168.100.1.
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("192.168.100.0/24")
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#
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# ip.first.to_s
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# #=> "192.168.100.1"
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#
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# The object IP doesn't need to be a network: the method
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# automatically gets the network number from it
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("192.168.100.50/24")
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#
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# ip.first.to_s
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# #=> "192.168.100.1"
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#
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def first
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self.class.parse_u32(network_u32+1, @prefix)
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end
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#
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# Like its sibling method IPv4#first, this method
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# returns a new IPv4 object with the
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# last host IP address in the range.
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#
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# Example: given the 192.168.100.0/24 network, the last
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# host IP address is 192.168.100.254
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("192.168.100.0/24")
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#
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# ip.last.to_s
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# #=> "192.168.100.254"
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#
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# The object IP doesn't need to be a network: the method
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# automatically gets the network number from it
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("192.168.100.50/24")
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#
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# ip.last.to_s
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# #=> "192.168.100.254"
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#
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def last
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self.class.parse_u32(broadcast_u32-1, @prefix)
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end
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#
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# Iterates over all the hosts IP addresses for the given
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# network (or IP address).
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#
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# ip = IPAddress("10.0.0.1/29")
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#
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# ip.each_host do |i|
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# p i.to_s
|
389
|
+
# end
|
390
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.1"
|
391
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.2"
|
392
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.3"
|
393
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.4"
|
394
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.5"
|
395
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.6"
|
396
|
+
#
|
397
|
+
def each_host
|
398
|
+
(network_u32+1..broadcast_u32-1).each do |i|
|
399
|
+
yield self.class.parse_u32(i, @prefix)
|
400
|
+
end
|
401
|
+
end
|
402
|
+
|
403
|
+
#
|
404
|
+
# Iterates over all the IP addresses for the given
|
405
|
+
# network (or IP address).
|
406
|
+
#
|
407
|
+
# The object yielded is a new IPv4 object created
|
408
|
+
# from the iteration.
|
409
|
+
#
|
410
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("10.0.0.1/29")
|
411
|
+
#
|
412
|
+
# ip.each do |i|
|
413
|
+
# p i.address
|
414
|
+
# end
|
415
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.0"
|
416
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.1"
|
417
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.2"
|
418
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.3"
|
419
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.4"
|
420
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.5"
|
421
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.6"
|
422
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.7"
|
423
|
+
#
|
424
|
+
def each
|
425
|
+
(network_u32..broadcast_u32).each do |i|
|
426
|
+
yield self.class.parse_u32(i, @prefix)
|
427
|
+
end
|
428
|
+
end
|
429
|
+
|
430
|
+
#
|
431
|
+
# Spaceship operator to compare IPv4 objects
|
432
|
+
#
|
433
|
+
# Comparing IPv4 addresses is useful to ordinate
|
434
|
+
# them into lists that match our intuitive
|
435
|
+
# perception of ordered IP addresses.
|
436
|
+
#
|
437
|
+
# The first comparison criteria is the u32 value.
|
438
|
+
# For example, 10.100.100.1 will be considered
|
439
|
+
# to be less than 172.16.0.1, because, in a ordered list,
|
440
|
+
# we expect 10.100.100.1 to come before 172.16.0.1.
|
441
|
+
#
|
442
|
+
# The second criteria, in case two IPv4 objects
|
443
|
+
# have identical addresses, is the prefix. An higher
|
444
|
+
# prefix will be considered greater than a lower
|
445
|
+
# prefix. This is because we expect to see
|
446
|
+
# 10.100.100.0/24 come before 10.100.100.0/25.
|
447
|
+
#
|
448
|
+
# Example:
|
449
|
+
#
|
450
|
+
# ip1 = IPAddress "10.100.100.1/8"
|
451
|
+
# ip2 = IPAddress "172.16.0.1/16"
|
452
|
+
# ip3 = IPAddress "10.100.100.1/16"
|
453
|
+
#
|
454
|
+
# ip1 < ip2
|
455
|
+
# #=> true
|
456
|
+
# ip1 > ip3
|
457
|
+
# #=> false
|
458
|
+
#
|
459
|
+
# [ip1,ip2,ip3].sort.map{|i| i.to_string}
|
460
|
+
# #=> ["10.100.100.1/8","10.100.100.1/16","172.16.0.1/16"]
|
461
|
+
#
|
462
|
+
def <=>(oth)
|
463
|
+
return prefix <=> oth.prefix if to_u32 == oth.to_u32
|
464
|
+
to_u32 <=> oth.to_u32
|
465
|
+
end
|
466
|
+
|
467
|
+
#
|
468
|
+
# Returns the number of IP addresses included
|
469
|
+
# in the network. It also counts the network
|
470
|
+
# address and the broadcast address.
|
471
|
+
#
|
472
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("10.0.0.1/29")
|
473
|
+
#
|
474
|
+
# ip.size
|
475
|
+
# #=> 8
|
476
|
+
#
|
477
|
+
def size
|
478
|
+
2 ** @prefix.host_prefix
|
479
|
+
end
|
480
|
+
|
481
|
+
#
|
482
|
+
# Returns an array with the IP addresses of
|
483
|
+
# all the hosts in the network.
|
484
|
+
#
|
485
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("10.0.0.1/29")
|
486
|
+
#
|
487
|
+
# ip.hosts.map {|i| i.address}
|
488
|
+
# #=> ["10.0.0.1",
|
489
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.2",
|
490
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.3",
|
491
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.4",
|
492
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.5",
|
493
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.6"]
|
494
|
+
#
|
495
|
+
def hosts
|
496
|
+
to_a[1..-2]
|
497
|
+
end
|
498
|
+
|
499
|
+
#
|
500
|
+
# Returns the network number in Unsigned 32bits format
|
501
|
+
#
|
502
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("10.0.0.1/29")
|
503
|
+
#
|
504
|
+
# ip.network_u32
|
505
|
+
# #=> 167772160
|
506
|
+
#
|
507
|
+
def network_u32
|
508
|
+
@u32 & @prefix.to_u32
|
509
|
+
end
|
510
|
+
|
511
|
+
#
|
512
|
+
# Returns the broadcast address in Unsigned 32bits format
|
513
|
+
#
|
514
|
+
# ip = IPaddress("10.0.0.1/29")
|
515
|
+
#
|
516
|
+
# ip.broadcast_u32
|
517
|
+
# #=> 167772167
|
518
|
+
#
|
519
|
+
def broadcast_u32
|
520
|
+
network_u32 + size - 1
|
521
|
+
end
|
522
|
+
|
523
|
+
#
|
524
|
+
# Checks whether a subnet includes the given IP address.
|
525
|
+
#
|
526
|
+
# Accepts an IPAddress::IPv4 object.
|
527
|
+
#
|
528
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("192.168.10.100/24")
|
529
|
+
#
|
530
|
+
# addr = IPAddress("192.168.10.102/24")
|
531
|
+
#
|
532
|
+
# ip.include? addr
|
533
|
+
# #=> true
|
534
|
+
#
|
535
|
+
# ip.include? IPAddress("172.16.0.48/16")
|
536
|
+
# #=> false
|
537
|
+
#
|
538
|
+
def include?(oth)
|
539
|
+
@prefix <= oth.prefix and network_u32 == (oth.to_u32 & @prefix.to_u32)
|
540
|
+
end
|
541
|
+
|
542
|
+
#
|
543
|
+
# Checks whether a subnet includes all the
|
544
|
+
# given IPv4 objects.
|
545
|
+
#
|
546
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("192.168.10.100/24")
|
547
|
+
#
|
548
|
+
# addr1 = IPAddress("192.168.10.102/24")
|
549
|
+
# addr2 = IPAddress("192.168.10.103/24")
|
550
|
+
#
|
551
|
+
# ip.include_all?(addr1,addr2)
|
552
|
+
# #=> true
|
553
|
+
#
|
554
|
+
def include_all?(*others)
|
555
|
+
others.all? {|oth| include?(oth)}
|
556
|
+
end
|
557
|
+
|
558
|
+
#
|
559
|
+
# Checks if an IPv4 address objects belongs
|
560
|
+
# to a private network RFC1918
|
561
|
+
#
|
562
|
+
# Example:
|
563
|
+
#
|
564
|
+
# ip = IPAddress "10.1.1.1/24"
|
565
|
+
# ip.private?
|
566
|
+
# #=> true
|
567
|
+
#
|
568
|
+
def private?
|
569
|
+
[self.class.new("10.0.0.0/8"),
|
570
|
+
self.class.new("172.16.0.0/12"),
|
571
|
+
self.class.new("192.168.0.0/16")].any? {|i| i.include? self}
|
572
|
+
end
|
573
|
+
|
574
|
+
#
|
575
|
+
# Returns the IP address in in-addr.arpa format
|
576
|
+
# for DNS lookups
|
577
|
+
#
|
578
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("172.16.100.50/24")
|
579
|
+
#
|
580
|
+
# ip.reverse
|
581
|
+
# #=> "50.100.16.172.in-addr.arpa"
|
582
|
+
#
|
583
|
+
def reverse
|
584
|
+
@octets.reverse.join(".") + ".in-addr.arpa"
|
585
|
+
end
|
586
|
+
alias_method :arpa, :reverse
|
587
|
+
|
588
|
+
#
|
589
|
+
# Returns the IP address in in-addr.arpa format
|
590
|
+
# for DNS Domain definition entries like SOA Records
|
591
|
+
#
|
592
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("172.17.100.50/15")
|
593
|
+
#
|
594
|
+
# ip.rev_domains
|
595
|
+
# #=> ["16.172.in-addr.arpa","17.172.in-addr.arpa"]
|
596
|
+
#
|
597
|
+
def rev_domains
|
598
|
+
net = [ network ]
|
599
|
+
cut = 4-(prefix.to_i/8)
|
600
|
+
if prefix.to_i <= 8 # edge case class a
|
601
|
+
cut = 3
|
602
|
+
elsif prefix.to_i > 24 # edge case class c
|
603
|
+
cut = 1
|
604
|
+
net = [network.supernet(24)]
|
605
|
+
end
|
606
|
+
if prefix.to_i < 24 and (prefix.to_i % 8) != 0 # case class less
|
607
|
+
cut = 3-(prefix.to_i/8)
|
608
|
+
net = network.subnet(prefix.to_i+1)
|
609
|
+
end
|
610
|
+
net.map do |n|
|
611
|
+
n.reverse.split('.')[cut..-1].join('.')
|
612
|
+
end
|
613
|
+
end
|
614
|
+
|
615
|
+
#
|
616
|
+
# Splits a network into different subnets
|
617
|
+
#
|
618
|
+
# If the IP Address is a network, it can be divided into
|
619
|
+
# multiple networks. If +self+ is not a network, this
|
620
|
+
# method will calculate the network from the IP and then
|
621
|
+
# subnet it.
|
622
|
+
#
|
623
|
+
# If +subnets+ is an power of two number, the resulting
|
624
|
+
# networks will be divided evenly from the supernet.
|
625
|
+
#
|
626
|
+
# network = IPAddress("172.16.10.0/24")
|
627
|
+
#
|
628
|
+
# network / 4 # implies map{|i| i.to_string}
|
629
|
+
# #=> ["172.16.10.0/26",
|
630
|
+
# "172.16.10.64/26",
|
631
|
+
# "172.16.10.128/26",
|
632
|
+
# "172.16.10.192/26"]
|
633
|
+
#
|
634
|
+
# If +num+ is any other number, the supernet will be
|
635
|
+
# divided into some networks with a even number of hosts and
|
636
|
+
# other networks with the remaining addresses.
|
637
|
+
#
|
638
|
+
# network = IPAddress("172.16.10.0/24")
|
639
|
+
#
|
640
|
+
# network / 3 # implies map{|i| i.to_string}
|
641
|
+
# #=> ["172.16.10.0/26",
|
642
|
+
# "172.16.10.64/26",
|
643
|
+
# "172.16.10.128/25"]
|
644
|
+
#
|
645
|
+
# Returns an array of IPv4 objects
|
646
|
+
#
|
647
|
+
def split(subnets=2)
|
648
|
+
unless (1..(2**@prefix.host_prefix)).include? subnets
|
649
|
+
raise ArgumentError, "Value #{subnets} out of range"
|
650
|
+
end
|
651
|
+
networks = subnet(newprefix(subnets))
|
652
|
+
until networks.size == subnets
|
653
|
+
networks = sum_first_found(networks)
|
654
|
+
end
|
655
|
+
return networks
|
656
|
+
end
|
657
|
+
alias_method :/, :split
|
658
|
+
|
659
|
+
#
|
660
|
+
# Returns a new IPv4 object from the supernetting
|
661
|
+
# of the instance network.
|
662
|
+
#
|
663
|
+
# Supernetting is similar to subnetting, except
|
664
|
+
# that you getting as a result a network with a
|
665
|
+
# smaller prefix (bigger host space). For example,
|
666
|
+
# given the network
|
667
|
+
#
|
668
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("172.16.10.0/24")
|
669
|
+
#
|
670
|
+
# you can supernet it with a new /23 prefix
|
671
|
+
#
|
672
|
+
# ip.supernet(23).to_string
|
673
|
+
# #=> "172.16.10.0/23"
|
674
|
+
#
|
675
|
+
# However if you supernet it with a /22 prefix, the
|
676
|
+
# network address will change:
|
677
|
+
#
|
678
|
+
# ip.supernet(22).to_string
|
679
|
+
# #=> "172.16.8.0/22"
|
680
|
+
#
|
681
|
+
# If +new_prefix+ is less than 1, returns 0.0.0.0/0
|
682
|
+
#
|
683
|
+
def supernet(new_prefix)
|
684
|
+
raise ArgumentError, "New prefix must be smaller than existing prefix" if new_prefix >= @prefix.to_i
|
685
|
+
return self.class.new("0.0.0.0/0") if new_prefix < 1
|
686
|
+
return self.class.new(@address+"/#{new_prefix}").network
|
687
|
+
end
|
688
|
+
|
689
|
+
#
|
690
|
+
# This method implements the subnetting function
|
691
|
+
# similar to the one described in RFC3531.
|
692
|
+
#
|
693
|
+
# By specifying a new prefix, the method calculates
|
694
|
+
# the network number for the given IPv4 object
|
695
|
+
# and calculates the subnets associated to the new
|
696
|
+
# prefix.
|
697
|
+
#
|
698
|
+
# For example, given the following network:
|
699
|
+
#
|
700
|
+
# ip = IPAddress "172.16.10.0/24"
|
701
|
+
#
|
702
|
+
# we can calculate the subnets with a /26 prefix
|
703
|
+
#
|
704
|
+
# ip.subnets(26).map{&:to_string)
|
705
|
+
# #=> ["172.16.10.0/26", "172.16.10.64/26",
|
706
|
+
# "172.16.10.128/26", "172.16.10.192/26"]
|
707
|
+
#
|
708
|
+
# The resulting number of subnets will of course always be
|
709
|
+
# a power of two.
|
710
|
+
#
|
711
|
+
def subnet(subprefix)
|
712
|
+
unless ((@prefix.to_i)..32).include? subprefix
|
713
|
+
raise ArgumentError, "New prefix must be between #@prefix and 32"
|
714
|
+
end
|
715
|
+
Array.new(2**(subprefix-@prefix.to_i)) do |i|
|
716
|
+
self.class.parse_u32(network_u32+(i*(2**(32-subprefix))), subprefix)
|
717
|
+
end
|
718
|
+
end
|
719
|
+
|
720
|
+
#
|
721
|
+
# Returns the difference between two IP addresses
|
722
|
+
# in unsigned int 32 bits format
|
723
|
+
#
|
724
|
+
# Example:
|
725
|
+
#
|
726
|
+
# ip1 = IPAddress("172.16.10.0/24")
|
727
|
+
# ip2 = IPAddress("172.16.11.0/24")
|
728
|
+
#
|
729
|
+
# puts ip1 - ip2
|
730
|
+
# #=> 256
|
731
|
+
#
|
732
|
+
def -(oth)
|
733
|
+
return (to_u32 - oth.to_u32).abs
|
734
|
+
end
|
735
|
+
|
736
|
+
#
|
737
|
+
# Returns a new IPv4 object which is the result
|
738
|
+
# of the summarization, if possible, of the two
|
739
|
+
# objects
|
740
|
+
#
|
741
|
+
# Example:
|
742
|
+
#
|
743
|
+
# ip1 = IPAddress("172.16.10.1/24")
|
744
|
+
# ip2 = IPAddress("172.16.11.2/24")
|
745
|
+
#
|
746
|
+
# p (ip1 + ip2).map {|i| i.to_string}
|
747
|
+
# #=> ["172.16.10.0/23"]
|
748
|
+
#
|
749
|
+
# If the networks are not contiguous, returns
|
750
|
+
# the two network numbers from the objects
|
751
|
+
#
|
752
|
+
# ip1 = IPAddress("10.0.0.1/24")
|
753
|
+
# ip2 = IPAddress("10.0.2.1/24")
|
754
|
+
#
|
755
|
+
# p (ip1 + ip2).map {|i| i.to_string}
|
756
|
+
# #=> ["10.0.0.0/24","10.0.2.0/24"]
|
757
|
+
#
|
758
|
+
def +(oth)
|
759
|
+
IPAddress.summarize([self,oth])
|
760
|
+
end
|
761
|
+
|
762
|
+
#
|
763
|
+
# Checks whether the ip address belongs to a
|
764
|
+
# RFC 791 CLASS A network, no matter
|
765
|
+
# what the subnet mask is.
|
766
|
+
#
|
767
|
+
# Example:
|
768
|
+
#
|
769
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("10.0.0.1/24")
|
770
|
+
#
|
771
|
+
# ip.a?
|
772
|
+
# #=> true
|
773
|
+
#
|
774
|
+
def a?
|
775
|
+
CLASSFUL.key(8) === bits
|
776
|
+
end
|
777
|
+
|
778
|
+
#
|
779
|
+
# Checks whether the ip address belongs to a
|
780
|
+
# RFC 791 CLASS B network, no matter
|
781
|
+
# what the subnet mask is.
|
782
|
+
#
|
783
|
+
# Example:
|
784
|
+
#
|
785
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("172.16.10.1/24")
|
786
|
+
#
|
787
|
+
# ip.b?
|
788
|
+
# #=> true
|
789
|
+
#
|
790
|
+
def b?
|
791
|
+
CLASSFUL.key(16) === bits
|
792
|
+
end
|
793
|
+
|
794
|
+
#
|
795
|
+
# Checks whether the ip address belongs to a
|
796
|
+
# RFC 791 CLASS C network, no matter
|
797
|
+
# what the subnet mask is.
|
798
|
+
#
|
799
|
+
# Example:
|
800
|
+
#
|
801
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("192.168.1.1/30")
|
802
|
+
#
|
803
|
+
# ip.c?
|
804
|
+
# #=> true
|
805
|
+
#
|
806
|
+
def c?
|
807
|
+
CLASSFUL.key(24) === bits
|
808
|
+
end
|
809
|
+
|
810
|
+
#
|
811
|
+
# Return the ip address in a format compatible
|
812
|
+
# with the IPv6 Mapped IPv4 addresses
|
813
|
+
#
|
814
|
+
# Example:
|
815
|
+
#
|
816
|
+
# ip = IPAddress("172.16.10.1/24")
|
817
|
+
#
|
818
|
+
# ip.to_ipv6
|
819
|
+
# #=> "ac10:0a01"
|
820
|
+
#
|
821
|
+
def to_ipv6
|
822
|
+
"%.4x:%.4x" % [to_u32].pack("N").unpack("nn")
|
823
|
+
end
|
824
|
+
|
825
|
+
#
|
826
|
+
# Creates a new IPv4 object from an
|
827
|
+
# unsigned 32bits integer.
|
828
|
+
#
|
829
|
+
# ip = IPAddress::IPv4::parse_u32(167772160)
|
830
|
+
#
|
831
|
+
# ip.prefix = 8
|
832
|
+
# ip.to_string
|
833
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.0/8"
|
834
|
+
#
|
835
|
+
# The +prefix+ parameter is optional:
|
836
|
+
#
|
837
|
+
# ip = IPAddress::IPv4::parse_u32(167772160, 8)
|
838
|
+
#
|
839
|
+
# ip.to_string
|
840
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.0/8"
|
841
|
+
#
|
842
|
+
def self.parse_u32(u32, prefix=32)
|
843
|
+
self.new([u32].pack("N").unpack("C4").join(".")+"/#{prefix}")
|
844
|
+
end
|
845
|
+
|
846
|
+
#
|
847
|
+
# Creates a new IPv4 object from binary data,
|
848
|
+
# like the one you get from a network stream.
|
849
|
+
#
|
850
|
+
# For example, on a network stream the IP 172.16.0.1
|
851
|
+
# is represented with the binary "\254\020\n\001".
|
852
|
+
#
|
853
|
+
# ip = IPAddress::IPv4::parse_data "\254\020\n\001"
|
854
|
+
# ip.prefix = 24
|
855
|
+
#
|
856
|
+
# ip.to_string
|
857
|
+
# #=> "172.16.10.1/24"
|
858
|
+
#
|
859
|
+
def self.parse_data(str, prefix=32)
|
860
|
+
self.new(str.unpack("C4").join(".")+"/#{prefix}")
|
861
|
+
end
|
862
|
+
|
863
|
+
#
|
864
|
+
# Extract an IPv4 address from a string and
|
865
|
+
# returns a new object
|
866
|
+
#
|
867
|
+
# Example:
|
868
|
+
#
|
869
|
+
# str = "foobar172.16.10.1barbaz"
|
870
|
+
# ip = IPAddress::IPv4::extract str
|
871
|
+
#
|
872
|
+
# ip.to_s
|
873
|
+
# #=> "172.16.10.1"
|
874
|
+
#
|
875
|
+
def self.extract(str)
|
876
|
+
self.new REGEXP.match(str).to_s
|
877
|
+
end
|
878
|
+
|
879
|
+
#
|
880
|
+
# Summarization (or aggregation) is the process when two or more
|
881
|
+
# networks are taken together to check if a supernet, including all
|
882
|
+
# and only these networks, exists. If it exists then this supernet
|
883
|
+
# is called the summarized (or aggregated) network.
|
884
|
+
#
|
885
|
+
# It is very important to understand that summarization can only
|
886
|
+
# occur if there are no holes in the aggregated network, or, in other
|
887
|
+
# words, if the given networks fill completely the address space
|
888
|
+
# of the supernet. So the two rules are:
|
889
|
+
#
|
890
|
+
# 1) The aggregate network must contain +all+ the IP addresses of the
|
891
|
+
# original networks;
|
892
|
+
# 2) The aggregate network must contain +only+ the IP addresses of the
|
893
|
+
# original networks;
|
894
|
+
#
|
895
|
+
# A few examples will help clarify the above. Let's consider for
|
896
|
+
# instance the following two networks:
|
897
|
+
#
|
898
|
+
# ip1 = IPAddress("172.16.10.0/24")
|
899
|
+
# ip2 = IPAddress("172.16.11.0/24")
|
900
|
+
#
|
901
|
+
# These two networks can be expressed using only one IP address
|
902
|
+
# network if we change the prefix. Let Ruby do the work:
|
903
|
+
#
|
904
|
+
# IPAddress::IPv4::summarize(ip1,ip2).to_s
|
905
|
+
# #=> "172.16.10.0/23"
|
906
|
+
#
|
907
|
+
# We note how the network "172.16.10.0/23" includes all the addresses
|
908
|
+
# specified in the above networks, and (more important) includes
|
909
|
+
# ONLY those addresses.
|
910
|
+
#
|
911
|
+
# If we summarized +ip1+ and +ip2+ with the following network:
|
912
|
+
#
|
913
|
+
# "172.16.0.0/16"
|
914
|
+
#
|
915
|
+
# we would have satisfied rule #1 above, but not rule #2. So "172.16.0.0/16"
|
916
|
+
# is not an aggregate network for +ip1+ and +ip2+.
|
917
|
+
#
|
918
|
+
# If it's not possible to compute a single aggregated network for all the
|
919
|
+
# original networks, the method returns an array with all the aggregate
|
920
|
+
# networks found. For example, the following four networks can be
|
921
|
+
# aggregated in a single /22:
|
922
|
+
#
|
923
|
+
# ip1 = IPAddress("10.0.0.1/24")
|
924
|
+
# ip2 = IPAddress("10.0.1.1/24")
|
925
|
+
# ip3 = IPAddress("10.0.2.1/24")
|
926
|
+
# ip4 = IPAddress("10.0.3.1/24")
|
927
|
+
#
|
928
|
+
# IPAddress::IPv4::summarize(ip1,ip2,ip3,ip4).to_string
|
929
|
+
# #=> "10.0.0.0/22",
|
930
|
+
#
|
931
|
+
# But the following networks can't be summarized in a single network:
|
932
|
+
#
|
933
|
+
# ip1 = IPAddress("10.0.1.1/24")
|
934
|
+
# ip2 = IPAddress("10.0.2.1/24")
|
935
|
+
# ip3 = IPAddress("10.0.3.1/24")
|
936
|
+
# ip4 = IPAddress("10.0.4.1/24")
|
937
|
+
#
|
938
|
+
# IPAddress::IPv4::summarize(ip1,ip2,ip3,ip4).map{|i| i.to_string}
|
939
|
+
# #=> ["10.0.1.0/24","10.0.2.0/23","10.0.4.0/24"]
|
940
|
+
#
|
941
|
+
def self.summarize(*args)
|
942
|
+
IPAddress.summarize(args)
|
943
|
+
end
|
944
|
+
|
945
|
+
#
|
946
|
+
# Creates a new IPv4 address object by parsing the
|
947
|
+
# address in a classful way.
|
948
|
+
#
|
949
|
+
# Classful addresses have a fixed netmask based on the
|
950
|
+
# class they belong to:
|
951
|
+
#
|
952
|
+
# * Class A, from 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255
|
953
|
+
# * Class B, from 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255
|
954
|
+
# * Class C, D and E, from 192.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.254
|
955
|
+
#
|
956
|
+
# Example:
|
957
|
+
#
|
958
|
+
# ip = IPAddress::IPv4.parse_classful "10.0.0.1"
|
959
|
+
#
|
960
|
+
# ip.netmask
|
961
|
+
# #=> "255.0.0.0"
|
962
|
+
# ip.a?
|
963
|
+
# #=> true
|
964
|
+
#
|
965
|
+
# Note that classes C, D and E will all have a default
|
966
|
+
# prefix of /24 or 255.255.255.0
|
967
|
+
#
|
968
|
+
def self.parse_classful(ip)
|
969
|
+
if IPAddress.valid_ipv4?(ip)
|
970
|
+
address = ip.strip
|
971
|
+
else
|
972
|
+
raise ArgumentError, "Invalid IP #{ip.inspect}"
|
973
|
+
end
|
974
|
+
prefix = CLASSFUL.find{|h,k| h === ("%.8b" % address.to_i)}.last
|
975
|
+
self.new "#{address}/#{prefix}"
|
976
|
+
end
|
977
|
+
|
978
|
+
#
|
979
|
+
# private methods
|
980
|
+
#
|
981
|
+
private
|
982
|
+
|
983
|
+
def newprefix(num)
|
984
|
+
num.upto(32) do |i|
|
985
|
+
if (a = Math::log2(i).to_i) == Math::log2(i)
|
986
|
+
return @prefix + a
|
987
|
+
end
|
988
|
+
end
|
989
|
+
end
|
990
|
+
|
991
|
+
def sum_first_found(arr)
|
992
|
+
dup = arr.dup.reverse
|
993
|
+
dup.each_with_index do |obj,i|
|
994
|
+
a = [self.class.summarize(obj,dup[i+1])].flatten
|
995
|
+
if a.size == 1
|
996
|
+
dup[i..i+1] = a
|
997
|
+
return dup.reverse
|
998
|
+
end
|
999
|
+
end
|
1000
|
+
return dup.reverse
|
1001
|
+
end
|
1002
|
+
|
1003
|
+
end # class IPv4
|
1004
|
+
end # module IPAddress
|
1005
|
+
|