cairo 1.12.4-x86-mingw32 → 1.12.5-x86-mingw32

data/vendor/local/share/doc/fontconfig/fontconfig-user.txt

@@ -1,644 +0,0 @@
-fonts-conf
-
-Name
-
-fonts.conf -- Font configuration files
-
-Synopsis
-
-   /etc/fonts/fonts.conf
-   /etc/fonts/fonts.dtd
-   /etc/fonts/conf.d
-   ~/.fonts.conf.d
-   ~/.fonts.conf
-
-Description
-
-Fontconfig is a library designed to provide system-wide font configuration,
-customization and application access.
-
-Functional Overview
-
-Fontconfig contains two essential modules, the configuration module which
-builds an internal configuration from XML files and the matching module which
-accepts font patterns and returns the nearest matching font.
-
-Font Configuration
-
-The configuration module consists of the FcConfig datatype, libexpat and
-FcConfigParse which walks over an XML tree and amends a configuration with data
-found within. From an external perspective, configuration of the library
-consists of generating a valid XML tree and feeding that to FcConfigParse. The
-only other mechanism provided to applications for changing the running
-configuration is to add fonts and directories to the list of
-application-provided font files.
-
-The intent is to make font configurations relatively static, and shared by as
-many applications as possible. It is hoped that this will lead to more stable
-font selection when passing names from one application to another. XML was
-chosen as a configuration file format because it provides a format which is
-easy for external agents to edit while retaining the correct structure and
-syntax.
-
-Font configuration is separate from font matching; applications needing to do
-their own matching can access the available fonts from the library and perform
-private matching. The intent is to permit applications to pick and choose
-appropriate functionality from the library instead of forcing them to choose
-between this library and a private configuration mechanism. The hope is that
-this will ensure that configuration of fonts for all applications can be
-centralized in one place. Centralizing font configuration will simplify and
-regularize font installation and customization.
-
-Font Properties
-
-While font patterns may contain essentially any properties, there are some well
-known properties with associated types. Fontconfig uses some of these
-properties for font matching and font completion. Others are provided as a
-convenience for the applications' rendering mechanism.
-
-  Property        Type    Description
-  --------------------------------------------------------------
-  family          String  Font family names
-  familylang      String  Languages corresponding to each family
-  style           String  Font style. Overrides weight and slant
-  stylelang       String  Languages corresponding to each style
-  fullname        String  Font full names (often includes style)
-  fullnamelang    String  Languages corresponding to each fullname
-  slant           Int     Italic, oblique or roman
-  weight          Int     Light, medium, demibold, bold or black
-  size            Double  Point size
-  width           Int     Condensed, normal or expanded
-  aspect          Double  Stretches glyphs horizontally before hinting
-  pixelsize       Double  Pixel size
-  spacing         Int     Proportional, dual-width, monospace or charcell
-  foundry         String  Font foundry name
-  antialias       Bool    Whether glyphs can be antialiased
-  hinting         Bool    Whether the rasterizer should use hinting
-  hintstyle       Int     Automatic hinting style
-  verticallayout  Bool    Use vertical layout
-  autohint        Bool    Use autohinter instead of normal hinter
-  globaladvance   Bool    Use font global advance data
-  file            String  The filename holding the font
-  index           Int     The index of the font within the file
-  ftface          FT_Face Use the specified FreeType face object
-  rasterizer      String  Which rasterizer is in use
-  outline         Bool    Whether the glyphs are outlines
-  scalable        Bool    Whether glyphs can be scaled
-  scale           Double  Scale factor for point->pixel conversions
-  dpi             Double  Target dots per inch
-  rgba            Int     unknown, rgb, bgr, vrgb, vbgr,
-                          none - subpixel geometry
-  lcdfilter       Int     Type of LCD filter
-  minspace        Bool    Eliminate leading from line spacing
-  charset         CharSet Unicode chars encoded by the font
-  lang            String  List of RFC-3066-style languages this
-                          font supports
-  fontversion     Int     Version number of the font
-  capability      String  List of layout capabilities in the font
-  embolden        Bool    Rasterizer should synthetically embolden the font
-
-
-Font Matching
-
-Fontconfig performs matching by measuring the distance from a provided pattern
-to all of the available fonts in the system. The closest matching font is
-selected. This ensures that a font will always be returned, but doesn't ensure
-that it is anything like the requested pattern.
-
-Font matching starts with an application constructed pattern. The desired
-attributes of the resulting font are collected together in a pattern. Each
-property of the pattern can contain one or more values; these are listed in
-priority order; matches earlier in the list are considered "closer" than
-matches later in the list.
-
-The initial pattern is modified by applying the list of editing instructions
-specific to patterns found in the configuration; each consists of a match
-predicate and a set of editing operations. They are executed in the order they
-appeared in the configuration. Each match causes the associated sequence of
-editing operations to be applied.
-
-After the pattern has been edited, a sequence of default substitutions are
-performed to canonicalize the set of available properties; this avoids the need
-for the lower layers to constantly provide default values for various font
-properties during rendering.
-
-The canonical font pattern is finally matched against all available fonts. The
-distance from the pattern to the font is measured for each of several
-properties: foundry, charset, family, lang, spacing, pixelsize, style, slant,
-weight, antialias, rasterizer and outline. This list is in priority order --
-results of comparing earlier elements of this list weigh more heavily than
-later elements.
-
-There is one special case to this rule; family names are split into two
-bindings; strong and weak. Strong family names are given greater precedence in
-the match than lang elements while weak family names are given lower precedence
-than lang elements. This permits the document language to drive font selection
-when any document specified font is unavailable.
-
-The pattern representing that font is augmented to include any properties found
-in the pattern but not found in the font itself; this permits the application
-to pass rendering instructions or any other data through the matching system.
-Finally, the list of editing instructions specific to fonts found in the
-configuration are applied to the pattern. This modified pattern is returned to
-the application.
-
-The return value contains sufficient information to locate and rasterize the
-font, including the file name, pixel size and other rendering data. As none of
-the information involved pertains to the FreeType library, applications are
-free to use any rasterization engine or even to take the identified font file
-and access it directly.
-
-The match/edit sequences in the configuration are performed in two passes
-because there are essentially two different operations necessary -- the first
-is to modify how fonts are selected; aliasing families and adding suitable
-defaults. The second is to modify how the selected fonts are rasterized. Those
-must apply to the selected font, not the original pattern as false matches will
-often occur.
-
-Font Names
-
-Fontconfig provides a textual representation for patterns that the library can
-both accept and generate. The representation is in three parts, first a list of
-family names, second a list of point sizes and finally a list of additional
-properties:
-
-        <families>-<point sizes>:<name1>=<values1>:<name2>=<values2>...
-
-
-Values in a list are separated with commas. The name needn't include either
-families or point sizes; they can be elided. In addition, there are symbolic
-constants that simultaneously indicate both a name and a value. Here are some
-examples:
-
-  Name                            Meaning
-  ----------------------------------------------------------
-  Times-12                        12 point Times Roman
-  Times-12:bold                   12 point Times Bold
-  Courier:italic                  Courier Italic in the default size
-  Monospace:matrix=1 .1 0 1       The users preferred monospace font
-                                  with artificial obliquing
-
-
-The '\', '-', ':' and ',' characters in family names must be preceeded by a '\'
-character to avoid having them misinterpreted. Similarly, values containing '\
-', '=', '_', ':' and ',' must also have them preceeded by a '\' character. The
-'\' characters are stripped out of the family name and values as the font name
-is read.
-
-Debugging Applications
-
-To help diagnose font and applications problems, fontconfig is built with a
-large amount of internal debugging left enabled. It is controlled by means of
-the FC_DEBUG environment variable. The value of this variable is interpreted as
-a number, and each bit within that value controls different debugging messages.
-
-  Name         Value    Meaning
-  ---------------------------------------------------------
-  MATCH            1    Brief information about font matching
-  MATCHV           2    Extensive font matching information
-  EDIT             4    Monitor match/test/edit execution
-  FONTSET          8    Track loading of font information at startup
-  CACHE           16    Watch cache files being written
-  CACHEV          32    Extensive cache file writing information
-  PARSE           64    (no longer in use)
-  SCAN           128    Watch font files being scanned to build caches
-  SCANV          256    Verbose font file scanning information
-  MEMORY         512    Monitor fontconfig memory usage
-  CONFIG        1024    Monitor which config files are loaded
-  LANGSET       2048    Dump char sets used to construct lang values
-  OBJTYPES      4096    Display message when value typechecks fail
-
-
-Add the value of the desired debug levels together and assign that (in base 10)
-to the FC_DEBUG environment variable before running the application. Output
-from these statements is sent to stdout.
-
-Lang Tags
-
-Each font in the database contains a list of languages it supports. This is
-computed by comparing the Unicode coverage of the font with the orthography of
-each language. Languages are tagged using an RFC-3066 compatible naming and
-occur in two parts -- the ISO 639 language tag followed a hyphen and then by
-the ISO 3166 country code. The hyphen and country code may be elided.
-
-Fontconfig has orthographies for several languages built into the library. No
-provision has been made for adding new ones aside from rebuilding the library.
-It currently supports 122 of the 139 languages named in ISO 639-1, 141 of the
-languages with two-letter codes from ISO 639-2 and another 30 languages with
-only three-letter codes. Languages with both two and three letter codes are
-provided with only the two letter code.
-
-For languages used in multiple territories with radically different character
-sets, fontconfig includes per-territory orthographies. This includes
-Azerbaijani, Kurdish, Pashto, Tigrinya and Chinese.
-
-Configuration File Format
-
-Configuration files for fontconfig are stored in XML format; this format makes
-external configuration tools easier to write and ensures that they will
-generate syntactically correct configuration files. As XML files are plain
-text, they can also be manipulated by the expert user using a text editor.
-
-The fontconfig document type definition resides in the external entity
-"fonts.dtd"; this is normally stored in the default font configuration
-directory (/etc/fonts). Each configuration file should contain the following
-structure:
-
-        <?xml version="1.0"?>
-        <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
-        <fontconfig>
-        ...
-        </fontconfig>
-
-
-<fontconfig>
-
-This is the top level element for a font configuration and can contain <dir>,
-<cache>, <include>, <match> and <alias> elements in any order.
-
-<dir>
-
-This element contains a directory name which will be scanned for font files to
-include in the set of available fonts.
-
-<cache>
-
-This element contains a file name for the per-user cache of font information.
-If it starts with '~', it refers to a file in the users home directory. This
-file is used to hold information about fonts that isn't present in the
-per-directory cache files. It is automatically maintained by the fontconfig
-library. The default for this file is ``~/.fonts.cache-<version>'', where
-<version> is the font configuration file version number (currently 2).
-
-<include ignore_missing="no">
-
-This element contains the name of an additional configuration file or
-directory. If a directory, every file within that directory starting with an
-ASCII digit (U+0030 - U+0039) and ending with the string ``.conf'' will be
-processed in sorted order. When the XML datatype is traversed by FcConfigParse,
-the contents of the file(s) will also be incorporated into the configuration by
-passing the filename(s) to FcConfigLoadAndParse. If 'ignore_missing' is set to
-"yes" instead of the default "no", a missing file or directory will elicit no
-warning message from the library.
-
-<config>
-
-This element provides a place to consolidate additional configuration
-information. <config> can contain <blank> and <rescan> elements in any order.
-
-<blank>
-
-Fonts often include "broken" glyphs which appear in the encoding but are drawn
-as blanks on the screen. Within the <blank> element, place each Unicode
-characters which is supposed to be blank in an <int> element. Characters
-outside of this set which are drawn as blank will be elided from the set of
-characters supported by the font.
-
-<rescan>
-
-The <rescan> element holds an <int> element which indicates the default
-interval between automatic checks for font configuration changes. Fontconfig
-will validate all of the configuration files and directories and automatically
-rebuild the internal datastructures when this interval passes.
-
-<selectfont>
-
-This element is used to black/white list fonts from being listed or matched
-against. It holds acceptfont and rejectfont elements.
-
-<acceptfont>
-
-Fonts matched by an acceptfont element are "whitelisted"; such fonts are
-explicitly included in the set of fonts used to resolve list and match
-requests; including them in this list protects them from being "blacklisted" by
-a rejectfont element. Acceptfont elements include glob and pattern elements
-which are used to match fonts.
-
-<rejectfont>
-
-Fonts matched by an rejectfont element are "blacklisted"; such fonts are
-excluded from the set of fonts used to resolve list and match requests as if
-they didn't exist in the system. Rejectfont elements include glob and pattern
-elements which are used to match fonts.
-
-<glob>
-
-Glob elements hold shell-style filename matching patterns (including ? and *)
-which match fonts based on their complete pathnames. This can be used to
-exclude a set of directories (/usr/share/fonts/uglyfont*), or particular font
-file types (*.pcf.gz), but the latter mechanism relies rather heavily on
-filenaming conventions which can't be relied upon. Note that globs only apply
-to directories, not to individual fonts.
-
-<pattern>
-
-Pattern elements perform list-style matching on incoming fonts; that is, they
-hold a list of elements and associated values. If all of those elements have a
-matching value, then the pattern matches the font. This can be used to select
-fonts based on attributes of the font (scalable, bold, etc), which is a more
-reliable mechanism than using file extensions. Pattern elements include patelt
-elements.
-
-<patelt name="property">
-
-Patelt elements hold a single pattern element and list of values. They must
-have a 'name' attribute which indicates the pattern element name. Patelt
-elements include int, double, string, matrix, bool, charset and const elements.
-
-<match target="pattern">
-
-This element holds first a (possibly empty) list of <test> elements and then a
-(possibly empty) list of <edit> elements. Patterns which match all of the tests
-are subjected to all the edits. If 'target' is set to "font" instead of the
-default "pattern", then this element applies to the font name resulting from a
-match rather than a font pattern to be matched. If 'target' is set to "scan",
-then this element applies when the font is scanned to build the fontconfig
-database.
-
-<test qual="any" name="property" target="default" compare="eq">
-
-This element contains a single value which is compared with the target
-('pattern', 'font', 'scan' or 'default') property "property" (substitute any of
-the property names seen above). 'compare' can be one of "eq", "not_eq", "less",
-"less_eq", "more", or "more_eq". 'qual' may either be the default, "any", in
-which case the match succeeds if any value associated with the property matches
-the test value, or "all", in which case all of the values associated with the
-property must match the test value. When used in a <match target="font">
-element, the target= attribute in the <test> element selects between matching
-the original pattern or the font. "default" selects whichever target the outer
-<match> element has selected.
-
-<edit name="property" mode="assign" binding="weak">
-
-This element contains a list of expression elements (any of the value or
-operator elements). The expression elements are evaluated at run-time and
-modify the property "property". The modification depends on whether "property"
-was matched by one of the associated <test> elements, if so, the modification
-may affect the first matched value. Any values inserted into the property are
-given the indicated binding ("strong", "weak" or "same") with "same" binding
-using the value from the matched pattern element. 'mode' is one of:
-
-  Mode                    With Match              Without Match
-  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-  "assign"                Replace matching value  Replace all values
-  "assign_replace"        Replace all values      Replace all values
-  "prepend"               Insert before matching  Insert at head of list
-  "prepend_first"         Insert at head of list  Insert at head of list
-  "append"                Append after matching   Append at end of list
-  "append_last"           Append at end of list   Append at end of list
-
-
-<int>, <double>, <string>, <bool>
-
-These elements hold a single value of the indicated type. <bool> elements hold
-either true or false. An important limitation exists in the parsing of floating
-point numbers -- fontconfig requires that the mantissa start with a digit, not
-a decimal point, so insert a leading zero for purely fractional values (e.g.
-use 0.5 instead of .5 and -0.5 instead of -.5).
-
-<matrix>
-
-This element holds the four <double> elements of an affine transformation.
-
-<name>
-
-Holds a property name. Evaluates to the first value from the property of the
-font, not the pattern.
-
-<const>
-
-Holds the name of a constant; these are always integers and serve as symbolic
-names for common font values:
-
-  Constant        Property        Value
-  -------------------------------------
-  thin            weight          0
-  extralight      weight          40
-  ultralight      weight          40
-  light           weight          50
-  book            weight          75
-  regular         weight          80
-  normal          weight          80
-  medium          weight          100
-  demibold        weight          180
-  semibold        weight          180
-  bold            weight          200
-  extrabold       weight          205
-  black           weight          210
-  heavy           weight          210
-  roman           slant           0
-  italic          slant           100
-  oblique         slant           110
-  ultracondensed  width           50
-  extracondensed  width           63
-  condensed       width           75
-  semicondensed   width           87
-  normal          width           100
-  semiexpanded    width           113
-  expanded        width           125
-  extraexpanded   width           150
-  ultraexpanded   width           200
-  proportional    spacing         0
-  dual            spacing         90
-  mono            spacing         100
-  charcell        spacing         110
-  unknown         rgba            0
-  rgb             rgba            1
-  bgr             rgba            2
-  vrgb            rgba            3
-  vbgr            rgba            4
-  none            rgba            5
-  lcdnone         lcdfilter       0
-  lcddefault      lcdfilter       1
-  lcdlight        lcdfilter       2
-  lcdlegacy       lcdfilter       3
-  hintnone        hintstyle       0
-  hintslight      hintstyle       1
-  hintmedium      hintstyle       2
-  hintfull        hintstyle       3
-
-
-<or>, <and>, <plus>, <minus>, <times>, <divide>
-
-These elements perform the specified operation on a list of expression
-elements. <or> and <and> are boolean, not bitwise.
-
-<eq>, <not_eq>, <less>, <less_eq>, <more>, <more_eq>
-
-These elements compare two values, producing a boolean result.
-
-<not>
-
-Inverts the boolean sense of its one expression element
-
-<if>
-
-This element takes three expression elements; if the value of the first is
-true, it produces the value of the second, otherwise it produces the value of
-the third.
-
-<alias>
-
-Alias elements provide a shorthand notation for the set of common match
-operations needed to substitute one font family for another. They contain a
-<family> element followed by optional <prefer>, <accept> and <default>
-elements. Fonts matching the <family> element are edited to prepend the list of
-<prefer>ed families before the matching <family>, append the <accept>able
-families after the matching <family> and append the <default> families to the
-end of the family list.
-
-<family>
-
-Holds a single font family name
-
-<prefer>, <accept>, <default>
-
-These hold a list of <family> elements to be used by the <alias> element.
-
-EXAMPLE CONFIGURATION FILE
-
-System configuration file
-
-This is an example of a system-wide configuration file
-
-<?xml version="1.0"?>
-<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
-<!-- /etc/fonts/fonts.conf file to configure system font access -->
-<fontconfig>
-<!--
-        Find fonts in these directories
--->
-<dir>/usr/share/fonts</dir>
-<dir>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts</dir>
-
-<!--
-        Accept deprecated 'mono' alias, replacing it with 'monospace'
--->
-<match target="pattern">
-        <test qual="any" name="family"><string>mono</string></test>
-        <edit name="family" mode="assign"><string>monospace</string></edit>
-</match>
-
-<!--
-        Names not including any well known alias are given 'sans'
--->
-<match target="pattern">
-        <test qual="all" name="family" mode="not_eq">sans</test>
-        <test qual="all" name="family" mode="not_eq">serif</test>
-        <test qual="all" name="family" mode="not_eq">monospace</test>
-        <edit name="family" mode="append_last"><string>sans</string></edit>
-</match>
-
-<!--
-        Load per-user customization file, but don't complain
-        if it doesn't exist
--->
-<include ignore_missing="yes">~/.fonts.conf</include>
-
-<!--
-        Load local customization files, but don't complain
-        if there aren't any
--->
-<include ignore_missing="yes">conf.d</include>
-<include ignore_missing="yes">local.conf</include>
-
-<!--
-        Alias well known font names to available TrueType fonts.
-        These substitute TrueType faces for similar Type1
-        faces to improve screen appearance.
--->
-<alias>
-        <family>Times</family>
-        <prefer><family>Times New Roman</family></prefer>
-        <default><family>serif</family></default>
-</alias>
-<alias>
-        <family>Helvetica</family>
-        <prefer><family>Arial</family></prefer>
-        <default><family>sans</family></default>
-</alias>
-<alias>
-        <family>Courier</family>
-        <prefer><family>Courier New</family></prefer>
-        <default><family>monospace</family></default>
-</alias>
-
-<!--
-        Provide required aliases for standard names
-        Do these after the users configuration file so that
-        any aliases there are used preferentially
--->
-<alias>
-        <family>serif</family>
-        <prefer><family>Times New Roman</family></prefer>
-</alias>
-<alias>
-        <family>sans</family>
-        <prefer><family>Arial</family></prefer>
-</alias>
-<alias>
-        <family>monospace</family>
-        <prefer><family>Andale Mono</family></prefer>
-</alias>
-</fontconfig>
-
-
-User configuration file
-
-This is an example of a per-user configuration file that lives in ~/.fonts.conf
-
-<?xml version="1.0"?>
-<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
-<!-- ~/.fonts.conf for per-user font configuration -->
-<fontconfig>
-
-<!--
-        Private font directory
--->
-<dir>~/.fonts</dir>
-
-<!--
-        use rgb sub-pixel ordering to improve glyph appearance on
-        LCD screens.  Changes affecting rendering, but not matching
-        should always use target="font".
--->
-<match target="font">
-        <edit name="rgba" mode="assign"><const>rgb</const></edit>
-</match>
-</fontconfig>
-
-
-Files
-
-fonts.conf contains configuration information for the fontconfig library
-consisting of directories to look at for font information as well as
-instructions on editing program specified font patterns before attempting to
-match the available fonts. It is in xml format.
-
-conf.d is the conventional name for a directory of additional configuration
-files managed by external applications or the local administrator. The
-filenames starting with decimal digits are sorted in lexicographic order and
-used as additional configuration files. All of these files are in xml format.
-The master fonts.conf file references this directory in an <include> directive.
-
-fonts.dtd is a DTD that describes the format of the configuration files.
-
-~/.fonts.conf.d is the conventional name for a per-user directory of (typically
-auto-generated) configuration files, although the actual location is specified
-in the global fonts.conf file.
-
-~/.fonts.conf is the conventional location for per-user font configuration,
-although the actual location is specified in the global fonts.conf file.
-
-~/.fonts.cache-* is the conventional repository of font information that isn't
-found in the per-directory caches. This file is automatically maintained by
-fontconfig.
-
-See Also
-
-fc-cat(1), fc-cache(1), fc-list(1), fc-match(1), fc-query(1)
-
-Version
-
-Fontconfig version 2.8.0
-