bytes 0.1.0 → 0.2.0
Sign up to get free protection for your applications and to get access to all the features.
- checksums.yaml +5 -5
- data/CHANGELOG.md +3 -3
- data/Manifest.txt +0 -5
- data/README.md +244 -4
- data/Rakefile +31 -29
- data/lib/bytes/version.rb +25 -24
- data/lib/bytes.rb +140 -127
- metadata +17 -18
- data/LICENSE.md +0 -116
- data/test/helper.rb +0 -8
- data/test/test_bytes.rb +0 -46
- data/test/test_hash.rb +0 -41
- data/test/test_string.rb +0 -49
checksums.yaml
CHANGED
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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1
1
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---
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-
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3
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-
metadata.gz:
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-
data.tar.gz:
|
2
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+
SHA256:
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3
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+
metadata.gz: 5a8baa99382e45238e96527a5aab45a04daf4b73a2d4e1f64b3bf87530e14a7d
|
4
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+
data.tar.gz: ec170b28a4efd3d7b0cdf45094831a68a86d60785f313668baa24cbf5a106085
|
5
5
|
SHA512:
|
6
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-
metadata.gz:
|
7
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-
data.tar.gz:
|
6
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+
metadata.gz: 8f62ad42592bfd8e69fb9bf53526ba19e3568b7140f88bfa9bf524ee1ac8af3258dd2d156f6080d08e63ecbcb92cf0e8f531f56f4c3b32faad8477b7efdf8423
|
7
|
+
data.tar.gz: 728487df6ca9ad9cbe4aedcc2ae76c3f7018c195a780a5e4ef7ee487602cf0ac7fadff8b5c31b38a6e18f6a324947a1ae7e51f3c693bb65ae000ce6461a54969
|
data/CHANGELOG.md
CHANGED
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
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-
### 0.0.1 / 2019-04-16
|
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-
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3
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-
* Everything is new. First release
|
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### 0.0.1 / 2019-04-16
|
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3
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* Everything is new. First release
|
data/Manifest.txt
CHANGED
data/README.md
CHANGED
@@ -1,14 +1,254 @@
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-
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1
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# Bytes
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2
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-
bytes
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3
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bytes - bits 'n' bytes made easy/easier incl. new buffer helper / wrapper class to help with the string byte vs character dichotomy
|
5
4
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6
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-
* home :: [github.com/
|
7
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* bugs :: [github.com/
|
5
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+
* home :: [github.com/rubycocos/core](https://github.com/rubycocos/core)
|
6
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* bugs :: [github.com/rubycocos/core/issues](https://github.com/rubycocos/core/issues)
|
8
7
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* gem :: [rubygems.org/gems/bytes](https://rubygems.org/gems/bytes)
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8
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* rdoc :: [rubydoc.info/gems/bytes](http://rubydoc.info/gems/bytes)
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9
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11
10
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11
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+
## Background - Programming Bits, Bytes 'n' Blocks Step-by-Step Book / Guide
|
12
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+
|
13
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_Let's start with the three types of strings, that is, bytes, (string) buffers, and (frozen) strings, ..._
|
14
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+
|
15
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+
|
16
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### Byte vs. Character
|
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18
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|
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#### What's a Byte?
|
20
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|
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A byte is a 8-bit integer number (that is, unsigned from 0 to 255 or
|
22
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+
signed from -128 to 127 using 2's complement).
|
23
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+
Example:
|
24
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+
|
25
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+
``` ruby
|
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+
0b01000001 #=> 65 - base 2 - binary bits
|
27
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65 #=> 65 - base 10 - decimal numbers
|
28
|
+
0x41 #=> 65 - base 16 - hexadecimal numbers
|
29
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+
[0b01000001, 65, 0x41]
|
30
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#=> [65, 65, 65]
|
31
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+
```
|
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|
33
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Or with conversions to 8-bit integer numbers. Example:
|
34
|
+
|
35
|
+
``` ruby
|
36
|
+
"01000001".to_i(2) #=> 65
|
37
|
+
"65".to_i(10) #=> 65
|
38
|
+
"65".to_i #=> 65 - same as to_i(10)
|
39
|
+
"41".to_i(16) #=> 65
|
40
|
+
"0x41".to_i(16) #=> 65 - same as "41" - 0x hex prefix gets skipped
|
41
|
+
["01000001".to_i(2), "65".to_i(10), "41".to_i(16)]
|
42
|
+
#=> [65, 65, 65]
|
43
|
+
```
|
44
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+
|
45
|
+
Note: `String#hex` is a built-in short-cut / alias for `String#to_i(16)`. Example:
|
46
|
+
|
47
|
+
``` ruby
|
48
|
+
"41".hex #=> 65
|
49
|
+
"0x41".hex #=> 65 - same as "41" - 0x hex prefix gets
|
50
|
+
```
|
51
|
+
|
52
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+
|
53
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+
|
54
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#### What's a Character?
|
55
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+
|
56
|
+
A character (or char) used to be a byte
|
57
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+
and, thus, a string (array) of characters
|
58
|
+
was also an array of bytes. Example:
|
59
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+
|
60
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+
``` ruby
|
61
|
+
?A.ord #=> 65 - ASCII character
|
62
|
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"A".ord #=> 65 - ASCII character
|
63
|
+
"\x41".ord #=> 65 - ASCII character
|
64
|
+
[?A.ord, "A".ord, "\x41".ord]
|
65
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+
#=> [65, 65, 65]
|
66
|
+
```
|
67
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+
|
68
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+
|
69
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+
|
70
|
+
History Nostalgia Corner: ASCII 7-Bit Character Encoding
|
71
|
+
|
72
|
+
![](i/us_ascii_code_chart.png)
|
73
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+
|
74
|
+
> ASCII abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange,
|
75
|
+
> is a character encoding standard for electronic communication. ASCII codes
|
76
|
+
> represent text in computers, telecommunications equipment, and other devices.
|
77
|
+
> Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCII,
|
78
|
+
> although they support many additional characters.
|
79
|
+
>
|
80
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+
> ASCII is the traditional name for the encoding system; the Internet Assigned
|
81
|
+
> Numbers Authority (IANA) prefers the updated name US-ASCII, which clarifies
|
82
|
+
> that this system was developed in the US and based on the typographical
|
83
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+
> symbols predominantly in use there.
|
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+
>
|
85
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+
> (Source: [ASCII @ Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII))
|
86
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+
|
87
|
+
|
88
|
+
|
89
|
+
Nowadays a character can have one, two or even more bytes.
|
90
|
+
Let's try:
|
91
|
+
|
92
|
+
``` ruby
|
93
|
+
## Latin Capital Letter A (Unicode) - 1 Byte
|
94
|
+
"A".bytes #=> [65]
|
95
|
+
"\x41".bytes #=> [65] - same as "A"
|
96
|
+
"\u0041".bytes #=> [65]
|
97
|
+
"\u{41}".bytes #=> [65] - same as "\u0041" - leading zeros can be dropped
|
98
|
+
"A".bytes.size #=> 1
|
99
|
+
"A".chars.size #=> 1
|
100
|
+
|
101
|
+
## Cyrillic Capital Letter A (Unicode) - 2 Bytes
|
102
|
+
"А".bytes #=> [208, 144]
|
103
|
+
"\u0410".bytes #=> [208, 144] - same "А"
|
104
|
+
"\u{410}".bytes #=> [208, 144] - same as "\u0410" - leading zeros can be dropped
|
105
|
+
"А".bytes.size #=> 2
|
106
|
+
"А".chars.size #=> 1
|
107
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+
|
108
|
+
# Old Persian Number One (Unicode) - 4 Bytes
|
109
|
+
"𐏑".bytes #=> [240, 144, 143, 145]
|
110
|
+
"\u{103D1}".bytes #=> [240, 144, 143, 145]
|
111
|
+
"\u{103d1}".bytes #=> [240, 144, 143, 145] same as "\u{103D1}"
|
112
|
+
"𐏑".bytes.size #=> 4
|
113
|
+
"𐏑".chars.size #=> 1
|
114
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+
|
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+
# ...
|
116
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+
```
|
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+
|
118
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+
|
119
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+
|
120
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+
### String of Bytes or String of Characters? Yes, Yes, Yes
|
121
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+
|
122
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+
|
123
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+
In ruby the String class can morph into three types:
|
124
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+
|
125
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+
- Bytes
|
126
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- Mutable String a.k.a String Buffer
|
127
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+
- Immutable String a.k.a. Frozen String
|
128
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+
|
129
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+
|
130
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+
#### Bytes / Binary
|
131
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+
|
132
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+
|
133
|
+
`String.new` or `"".b` creates new bytes, that is, a new binary string
|
134
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+
buffer with the ASCII_8BIT encoding also known as BINARY.
|
135
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+
Let's try:
|
136
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+
|
137
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+
``` ruby
|
138
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+
String.new.encoding #=> <Encoding::ASCII_8BIT>
|
139
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+
String.new("".b).encoding #=> <Encoding::ASCII_8BIT>
|
140
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+
"".b.encoding #=> <Encoding::ASCII_8BIT>
|
141
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+
|
142
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+
Encoding::BINARY == Encoding::ASCII_8BIT #=> true
|
143
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+
|
144
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+
# or using the "type-safe" Bytes class
|
145
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+
|
146
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+
Bytes.new.encoding #=> <Encoding::ASCII_8BIT>
|
147
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+
Bytes.new("").encoding #=> <Encoding::ASCII_8BIT>
|
148
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+
Bytes.new("abc").encoding #=> <Encoding::ASCII_8BIT>
|
149
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+
Bytes.new("\x61\x62\x63").encoding #=> <Encoding::ASCII_8BIT>
|
150
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+
```
|
151
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+
|
152
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+
|
153
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+
|
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#### String Buffer
|
155
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+
|
156
|
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If you use `String.new("")` (note the `""` passed in) or
|
157
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+
the string literal `""` that creates a new string buffer
|
158
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+
with the default encoding (usually UTF-8).
|
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+
Let's try:
|
160
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+
|
161
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``` ruby
|
162
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# encoding: utf-8
|
163
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String.new("").encoding #=> <Encoding::UTF_8>
|
164
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"".encoding #=> <Encoding::UTF_8>
|
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+
```
|
166
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+
|
167
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+
<!--
|
168
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+
|
169
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+
# or using the StringBuffer c'tor helper (returning a String)
|
170
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+
|
171
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+
StringBuffer.new.encoding #=> <Encoding::UTF_8>
|
172
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StringBuffer.new("").encoding #=> <Encoding::UTF_8>
|
173
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+
StringBuffer.new("abc").encoding #=> <Encoding::UTF_8>
|
174
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+
|
175
|
+
-->
|
176
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+
|
177
|
+
|
178
|
+
#### Frozen String
|
179
|
+
|
180
|
+
If you use the recommended `# frozen_string_literal: true` magic comment
|
181
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+
or pragma you can automagically turn all string literals into
|
182
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+
frozen (immutable) strings with the default encoding (usually UTF-8).
|
183
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+
Let's try:
|
184
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+
|
185
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+
``` ruby
|
186
|
+
# frozen_string_literal: true
|
187
|
+
"".frozen? #=> true
|
188
|
+
"Hello, World!".frozen? #=> true
|
189
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+
String.new.frozen? #=> false
|
190
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+
String.new("").frozen? #=> false
|
191
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+
```
|
192
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+
|
193
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+
|
194
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+
|
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<!--
|
196
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+
|
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### Bytes
|
198
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+
|
199
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+
bytes from hexstring
|
200
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+
|
201
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+
bytes to hexstring
|
202
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+
|
203
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+
bytes from string
|
204
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+
|
205
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+
bytes to string
|
206
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+
|
207
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+
bytes to array of integers
|
208
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+
|
209
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+
bytes from array of integers
|
210
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+
|
211
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+
|
212
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+
|
213
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+
#### Bytes to Integer Numbers - Little-Endian vs Big-Endian
|
214
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+
|
215
|
+
4 byte unsigned integer -
|
216
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+
|
217
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+
Example - 1
|
218
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+
|
219
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+
bytes to integer
|
220
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+
|
221
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+
integer to bytes
|
222
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+
|
223
|
+
Big-End first or Little-End first?
|
224
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+
Least significant bit (lsm) or most significant bit (msb) first?
|
225
|
+
|
226
|
+
|
227
|
+
|
228
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+
|
229
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+
#### Bytes Helper
|
230
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+
|
231
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+
|
232
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+
|
233
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+
### Buffer
|
234
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+
|
235
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#### Buffer Helper
|
236
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+
|
237
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+
-->
|
238
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+
|
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+
|
240
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+
|
241
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+
|
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To be continued ...
|
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|
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---
|
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+
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+
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12
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## Usage
|
13
253
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14
254
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To be done
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data/Rakefile
CHANGED
@@ -1,29 +1,31 @@
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require 'hoe'
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require './lib/bytes/version.rb'
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self.
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self.
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self.
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self.
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-
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1
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require 'hoe'
|
2
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+
require './lib/bytes/version.rb'
|
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|
4
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+
|
5
|
+
Hoe.spec 'bytes' do
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
self.version = Cocos::Module::Bytes::VERSION
|
8
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+
|
9
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+
self.summary = "bytes"
|
10
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+
self.description = summary
|
11
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+
|
12
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+
|
13
|
+
self.urls = { home: 'https://github.com/rubycocos/core' }
|
14
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+
|
15
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+
self.author = 'Gerald Bauer'
|
16
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+
self.email = 'wwwmake@googlegroups.com'
|
17
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+
|
18
|
+
# switch extension to .markdown for gihub formatting
|
19
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+
self.readme_file = 'README.md'
|
20
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+
self.history_file = 'CHANGELOG.md'
|
21
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+
|
22
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+
self.extra_deps = [
|
23
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+
]
|
24
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+
|
25
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+
self.licenses = ['Public Domain']
|
26
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+
|
27
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+
self.spec_extras = {
|
28
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+
required_ruby_version: '>= 2.2.2'
|
29
|
+
}
|
30
|
+
|
31
|
+
end
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data/lib/bytes/version.rb
CHANGED
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end #
|
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|
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module Cocos
|
3
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module Module
|
4
|
+
module Bytes
|
5
|
+
|
6
|
+
MAJOR = 0
|
7
|
+
MINOR = 2
|
8
|
+
PATCH = 0
|
9
|
+
VERSION = [MAJOR,MINOR,PATCH].join('.')
|
10
|
+
|
11
|
+
def self.version
|
12
|
+
VERSION
|
13
|
+
end
|
14
|
+
|
15
|
+
def self.banner
|
16
|
+
"bytes/#{VERSION} on Ruby #{RUBY_VERSION} (#{RUBY_RELEASE_DATE}) [#{RUBY_PLATFORM}]"
|
17
|
+
end
|
18
|
+
|
19
|
+
def self.root
|
20
|
+
"#{File.expand_path( File.dirname(File.dirname(File.dirname(__FILE__))) )}"
|
21
|
+
end
|
22
|
+
|
23
|
+
end # module Bytes
|
24
|
+
end # module Module
|
25
|
+
end # module Cocos
|
data/lib/bytes.rb
CHANGED
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[
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end
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alias_method :
|
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end
|
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-
|
127
|
-
|
1
|
+
require 'pp'
|
2
|
+
require 'forwardable'
|
3
|
+
|
4
|
+
|
5
|
+
## our own code
|
6
|
+
require_relative 'bytes/version' # note: let version always go first
|
7
|
+
|
8
|
+
|
9
|
+
module BytesHelper
|
10
|
+
def hex_to_bin( hex )
|
11
|
+
## todo/fix: do an argument regex hex check!!!!
|
12
|
+
raise TypeError, "BytesHelper.hex_to_bin - non-hexadecimal digit found in >#{hex}<" unless is_hex?( hex )
|
13
|
+
|
14
|
+
## note: assume pack always returns string with BINARY/ASCII-8BIT encoding!!!
|
15
|
+
if ['0x', '0X'].include?( hex[0,2] ) ## cut-of leading 0x or 0X if present
|
16
|
+
[hex[2..-1]].pack('H*')
|
17
|
+
else
|
18
|
+
[hex].pack('H*')
|
19
|
+
end
|
20
|
+
end
|
21
|
+
alias_method :hex_to_bytes, :hex_to_bin
|
22
|
+
alias_method :h_to_b, :hex_to_bin
|
23
|
+
alias_method :htob, :hex_to_bin
|
24
|
+
|
25
|
+
|
26
|
+
def bin_to_hex( bin )
|
27
|
+
# note: unpack returns string with <Encoding:US-ASCII>
|
28
|
+
# convert to default encoding
|
29
|
+
## todo/fix: do NOT hardcode UTF-8 - use default encoding - why? why not?
|
30
|
+
hex = bin.unpack('H*').first
|
31
|
+
## note: hexdigits/chars (0-9a-f) should be safe, that is, always ASCII-7BIT/UTF_8 with needing to change any char codes
|
32
|
+
hex.encode!( Encoding::UTF_8 )
|
33
|
+
hex
|
34
|
+
end
|
35
|
+
alias_method :bytes_to_hex, :bin_to_hex
|
36
|
+
alias_method :b_to_h, :bin_to_hex
|
37
|
+
alias_method :btoh, :bin_to_hex
|
38
|
+
|
39
|
+
|
40
|
+
########
|
41
|
+
# more helpers
|
42
|
+
## check if it is a hex (string)
|
43
|
+
## - allow optiona 0x or 0X and allow abcdef and ABCDEF
|
44
|
+
HEX_RE = /\A(?:0x)?[0-9a-f]*\z/i
|
45
|
+
def is_hex?( str ) !HEX_RE.match( str ).nil?; end
|
46
|
+
end # module BytesHelper
|
47
|
+
|
48
|
+
|
49
|
+
|
50
|
+
|
51
|
+
class Bytes
|
52
|
+
extend BytesHelper
|
53
|
+
## e.g. lets you use
|
54
|
+
## Bytes.hex_to_bin( hex )
|
55
|
+
## Bytes.bin_to_hex( bin ) etc.
|
56
|
+
|
57
|
+
|
58
|
+
def self.from_hex( hex ) new( hex_to_bin( hex ) ); end
|
59
|
+
|
60
|
+
## "semantic" constructor for wrapping (binary) strings e.g. same as Bytes.new(bin)
|
61
|
+
def self.wrap( bin ) new( bin ); end
|
62
|
+
|
63
|
+
|
64
|
+
def initialize( bin=String.new )
|
65
|
+
## note: for now will NOT dup(licate) passed in binary array
|
66
|
+
## you only get a new binary array if no arg passed in e.g. Bytes.new
|
67
|
+
@bin = if bin.encoding != Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
|
68
|
+
puts "!! WARN - Bytes.new - BINARY/ASCII-8BIT encoding expected; got: #{bin.encoding} for string:"
|
69
|
+
pp bin
|
70
|
+
|
71
|
+
bin.b
|
72
|
+
else
|
73
|
+
bin
|
74
|
+
end
|
75
|
+
end
|
76
|
+
|
77
|
+
|
78
|
+
## add more string methods - why? why not?
|
79
|
+
extend Forwardable
|
80
|
+
def_delegators :@bin, :encoding,
|
81
|
+
:size, :length
|
82
|
+
|
83
|
+
|
84
|
+
def to_s() Bytes.bin_to_hex( @bin ); end
|
85
|
+
alias_method :to_hex, :to_s
|
86
|
+
|
87
|
+
def b() @bin; end
|
88
|
+
|
89
|
+
## add to_a alias for @bin.bytes() - why? why not?
|
90
|
+
|
91
|
+
|
92
|
+
def ==(other)
|
93
|
+
self.class == other.class && @bin == other.b
|
94
|
+
end
|
95
|
+
|
96
|
+
|
97
|
+
|
98
|
+
def self.convert( arg )
|
99
|
+
## used by Bytes() in global Kernel converter method
|
100
|
+
if arg.is_a?( Bytes )
|
101
|
+
arg ## pass-through as is
|
102
|
+
elsif arg.is_a?( String )
|
103
|
+
## todo/fix: use coerce to_str if arg is NOT a string - why? why not
|
104
|
+
##
|
105
|
+
if arg.encoding == Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
|
106
|
+
## assume it's binary data - use as is (no hexstring conversion)
|
107
|
+
Bytes.wrap( arg ) ## todo/check: return str as-is (without new) - why? why not?
|
108
|
+
else ## assume it's a hexstring
|
109
|
+
Bytes.from_hex( arg )
|
110
|
+
end
|
111
|
+
else
|
112
|
+
## check for array or such e.g if arg.is_a? Array
|
113
|
+
## raise TypeError - why? why not?
|
114
|
+
raise ArgumentError, "Bytes() expected String; got #{arg.class.name}"
|
115
|
+
end
|
116
|
+
end
|
117
|
+
end
|
118
|
+
|
119
|
+
|
120
|
+
|
121
|
+
class String
|
122
|
+
def to_hex() Bytes.bin_to_hex( self ); end
|
123
|
+
## add more aliases e.g. bin_to_hex or btoh or b_to_h or such - why? why not?
|
124
|
+
|
125
|
+
## note: built-in String#hex returns string converted
|
126
|
+
## to Integer -same as String.to_i(16) !!!!
|
127
|
+
end
|
128
|
+
|
129
|
+
|
130
|
+
|
131
|
+
|
132
|
+
module Kernel
|
133
|
+
def Bytes( arg ) Bytes.convert( arg ); end
|
134
|
+
end
|
135
|
+
|
136
|
+
|
137
|
+
|
138
|
+
|
139
|
+
|
140
|
+
puts Cocos::Module::Bytes.banner ## say hello
|
metadata
CHANGED
@@ -1,69 +1,69 @@
|
|
1
1
|
--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
|
2
2
|
name: bytes
|
3
3
|
version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
4
|
-
version: 0.
|
4
|
+
version: 0.2.0
|
5
5
|
platform: ruby
|
6
6
|
authors:
|
7
7
|
- Gerald Bauer
|
8
|
-
autorequire:
|
8
|
+
autorequire:
|
9
9
|
bindir: bin
|
10
10
|
cert_chain: []
|
11
|
-
date:
|
11
|
+
date: 2022-12-10 00:00:00.000000000 Z
|
12
12
|
dependencies:
|
13
13
|
- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
|
14
14
|
name: rdoc
|
15
15
|
requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
|
16
16
|
requirements:
|
17
|
-
- - "
|
17
|
+
- - ">="
|
18
18
|
- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
19
19
|
version: '4.0'
|
20
|
+
- - "<"
|
21
|
+
- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
22
|
+
version: '7'
|
20
23
|
type: :development
|
21
24
|
prerelease: false
|
22
25
|
version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
|
23
26
|
requirements:
|
24
|
-
- - "
|
27
|
+
- - ">="
|
25
28
|
- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
26
29
|
version: '4.0'
|
30
|
+
- - "<"
|
31
|
+
- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
32
|
+
version: '7'
|
27
33
|
- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
|
28
34
|
name: hoe
|
29
35
|
requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
|
30
36
|
requirements:
|
31
37
|
- - "~>"
|
32
38
|
- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
33
|
-
version: '3.
|
39
|
+
version: '3.23'
|
34
40
|
type: :development
|
35
41
|
prerelease: false
|
36
42
|
version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
|
37
43
|
requirements:
|
38
44
|
- - "~>"
|
39
45
|
- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
40
|
-
version: '3.
|
46
|
+
version: '3.23'
|
41
47
|
description: bytes
|
42
48
|
email: wwwmake@googlegroups.com
|
43
49
|
executables: []
|
44
50
|
extensions: []
|
45
51
|
extra_rdoc_files:
|
46
52
|
- CHANGELOG.md
|
47
|
-
- LICENSE.md
|
48
53
|
- Manifest.txt
|
49
54
|
- README.md
|
50
55
|
files:
|
51
56
|
- CHANGELOG.md
|
52
|
-
- LICENSE.md
|
53
57
|
- Manifest.txt
|
54
58
|
- README.md
|
55
59
|
- Rakefile
|
56
60
|
- lib/bytes.rb
|
57
61
|
- lib/bytes/version.rb
|
58
|
-
|
59
|
-
- test/test_bytes.rb
|
60
|
-
- test/test_hash.rb
|
61
|
-
- test/test_string.rb
|
62
|
-
homepage: https://github.com/s6ruby/programming-bits-bytes
|
62
|
+
homepage: https://github.com/rubycocos/core
|
63
63
|
licenses:
|
64
64
|
- Public Domain
|
65
65
|
metadata: {}
|
66
|
-
post_install_message:
|
66
|
+
post_install_message:
|
67
67
|
rdoc_options:
|
68
68
|
- "--main"
|
69
69
|
- README.md
|
@@ -80,9 +80,8 @@ required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
|
|
80
80
|
- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
81
81
|
version: '0'
|
82
82
|
requirements: []
|
83
|
-
|
84
|
-
|
85
|
-
signing_key:
|
83
|
+
rubygems_version: 3.3.7
|
84
|
+
signing_key:
|
86
85
|
specification_version: 4
|
87
86
|
summary: bytes
|
88
87
|
test_files: []
|
data/LICENSE.md
DELETED
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
|
|
1
|
-
CC0 1.0 Universal
|
2
|
-
|
3
|
-
Statement of Purpose
|
4
|
-
|
5
|
-
The laws of most jurisdictions throughout the world automatically confer
|
6
|
-
exclusive Copyright and Related Rights (defined below) upon the creator and
|
7
|
-
subsequent owner(s) (each and all, an "owner") of an original work of
|
8
|
-
authorship and/or a database (each, a "Work").
|
9
|
-
|
10
|
-
Certain owners wish to permanently relinquish those rights to a Work for the
|
11
|
-
purpose of contributing to a commons of creative, cultural and scientific
|
12
|
-
works ("Commons") that the public can reliably and without fear of later
|
13
|
-
claims of infringement build upon, modify, incorporate in other works, reuse
|
14
|
-
and redistribute as freely as possible in any form whatsoever and for any
|
15
|
-
purposes, including without limitation commercial purposes. These owners may
|
16
|
-
contribute to the Commons to promote the ideal of a free culture and the
|
17
|
-
further production of creative, cultural and scientific works, or to gain
|
18
|
-
reputation or greater distribution for their Work in part through the use and
|
19
|
-
efforts of others.
|
20
|
-
|
21
|
-
For these and/or other purposes and motivations, and without any expectation
|
22
|
-
of additional consideration or compensation, the person associating CC0 with a
|
23
|
-
Work (the "Affirmer"), to the extent that he or she is an owner of Copyright
|
24
|
-
and Related Rights in the Work, voluntarily elects to apply CC0 to the Work
|
25
|
-
and publicly distribute the Work under its terms, with knowledge of his or her
|
26
|
-
Copyright and Related Rights in the Work and the meaning and intended legal
|
27
|
-
effect of CC0 on those rights.
|
28
|
-
|
29
|
-
1. Copyright and Related Rights. A Work made available under CC0 may be
|
30
|
-
protected by copyright and related or neighboring rights ("Copyright and
|
31
|
-
Related Rights"). Copyright and Related Rights include, but are not limited
|
32
|
-
to, the following:
|
33
|
-
|
34
|
-
i. the right to reproduce, adapt, distribute, perform, display, communicate,
|
35
|
-
and translate a Work;
|
36
|
-
|
37
|
-
ii. moral rights retained by the original author(s) and/or performer(s);
|
38
|
-
|
39
|
-
iii. publicity and privacy rights pertaining to a person's image or likeness
|
40
|
-
depicted in a Work;
|
41
|
-
|
42
|
-
iv. rights protecting against unfair competition in regards to a Work,
|
43
|
-
subject to the limitations in paragraph 4(a), below;
|
44
|
-
|
45
|
-
v. rights protecting the extraction, dissemination, use and reuse of data in
|
46
|
-
a Work;
|
47
|
-
|
48
|
-
vi. database rights (such as those arising under Directive 96/9/EC of the
|
49
|
-
European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal
|
50
|
-
protection of databases, and under any national implementation thereof,
|
51
|
-
including any amended or successor version of such directive); and
|
52
|
-
|
53
|
-
vii. other similar, equivalent or corresponding rights throughout the world
|
54
|
-
based on applicable law or treaty, and any national implementations thereof.
|
55
|
-
|
56
|
-
2. Waiver. To the greatest extent permitted by, but not in contravention of,
|
57
|
-
applicable law, Affirmer hereby overtly, fully, permanently, irrevocably and
|
58
|
-
unconditionally waives, abandons, and surrenders all of Affirmer's Copyright
|
59
|
-
and Related Rights and associated claims and causes of action, whether now
|
60
|
-
known or unknown (including existing as well as future claims and causes of
|
61
|
-
action), in the Work (i) in all territories worldwide, (ii) for the maximum
|
62
|
-
duration provided by applicable law or treaty (including future time
|
63
|
-
extensions), (iii) in any current or future medium and for any number of
|
64
|
-
copies, and (iv) for any purpose whatsoever, including without limitation
|
65
|
-
commercial, advertising or promotional purposes (the "Waiver"). Affirmer makes
|
66
|
-
the Waiver for the benefit of each member of the public at large and to the
|
67
|
-
detriment of Affirmer's heirs and successors, fully intending that such Waiver
|
68
|
-
shall not be subject to revocation, rescission, cancellation, termination, or
|
69
|
-
any other legal or equitable action to disrupt the quiet enjoyment of the Work
|
70
|
-
by the public as contemplated by Affirmer's express Statement of Purpose.
|
71
|
-
|
72
|
-
3. Public License Fallback. Should any part of the Waiver for any reason be
|
73
|
-
judged legally invalid or ineffective under applicable law, then the Waiver
|
74
|
-
shall be preserved to the maximum extent permitted taking into account
|
75
|
-
Affirmer's express Statement of Purpose. In addition, to the extent the Waiver
|
76
|
-
is so judged Affirmer hereby grants to each affected person a royalty-free,
|
77
|
-
non transferable, non sublicensable, non exclusive, irrevocable and
|
78
|
-
unconditional license to exercise Affirmer's Copyright and Related Rights in
|
79
|
-
the Work (i) in all territories worldwide, (ii) for the maximum duration
|
80
|
-
provided by applicable law or treaty (including future time extensions), (iii)
|
81
|
-
in any current or future medium and for any number of copies, and (iv) for any
|
82
|
-
purpose whatsoever, including without limitation commercial, advertising or
|
83
|
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promotional purposes (the "License"). The License shall be deemed effective as
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and causes of action with respect to the Work, in either case contrary to
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a. No trademark or patent rights held by Affirmer are waived, abandoned,
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discoverable, all to the greatest extent permissible under applicable law.
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c. Affirmer disclaims responsibility for clearing rights of other persons
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that may apply to the Work or any use thereof, including without limitation
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any person's Copyright and Related Rights in the Work. Further, Affirmer
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disclaims responsibility for obtaining any necessary consents, permissions
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or other rights required for any use of the Work.
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d. Affirmer understands and acknowledges that Creative Commons is not a
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party to this document and has no duty or obligation with respect to this
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For more information, please see
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<http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
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data/test/helper.rb
DELETED
data/test/test_bytes.rb
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@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
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# encoding: utf-8
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###
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# to run use
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# ruby -I ./lib -I ./test test/test_bytes.rb
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require 'helper'
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class TestBytes < MiniTest::Test
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def test_hex
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assert String.new( "6162") == Bytes.to_hex( "ab" )
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assert String.new( "6162") == bytes_to_hex( "ab" )
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assert String.new( "6162") == "ab".b_to_h
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assert String.new( "6162") == "ab".btoh
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assert String.new( "6162") == "ab".h
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assert String.new( "6162") == Bytes.to_hex( "\x61\x62" )
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assert String.new( "6162") == bytes_to_hex( "\x61\x62" )
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assert String.new( "6162") == "\x61\x62".b_to_h
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assert String.new( "6162") == "\x61\x62".btoh
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assert String.new( "6162") == "\x61\x62".h
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assert Encoding::UTF_8 == Bytes.to_hex( "ab" ).encoding
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assert Bytes.new( "ab" ) == Bytes.from_hex( "6162" )
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assert Bytes.new( "ab" ) == hex_to_bytes( "6162" )
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assert Bytes.new( "ab" ) == "6162".h_to_b
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assert Bytes.new( "ab" ) == "6162".htob
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assert Bytes.new( "ab" ) == Bytes.from_hex( "0x6162" )
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assert Bytes.new( "ab" ) == hex_to_bytes( "0x6162" )
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assert Bytes.new( "ab" ) == "0x6162".h_to_b
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assert Bytes.new( "ab" ) == "0x6162".htob
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assert Encoding::ASCII_8BIT == Bytes.from_hex( "6162" ).encoding
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assert Bytes.new( "ab" ) == Bytes( "6162" )
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assert Bytes.new( "ab" ) == Bytes( "0x6162" )
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assert Bytes.new( "6162" ) == Bytes( "6162".b )
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assert Bytes.new( "ab" ) == Bytes( "ab".b )
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assert Bytes.new( "ab") == Bytes( "\x61\x62".b )
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assert Encoding::ASCII_8BIT == Bytes( "6162" ).encoding
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assert Encoding::ASCII_8BIT == Bytes( "6162".b ).encoding
|
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assert Encoding::ASCII_8BIT == Bytes( "ab".b ).encoding
|
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|
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end
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end # class TestBytes
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data/test/test_hash.rb
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@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
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# encoding: utf-8
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###
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# to run use
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# ruby -I ./lib -I ./test test/test_hash.rb
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require 'helper'
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class TestHash < MiniTest::Test
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def test_hash
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sha256_empty_hex = "e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855"
|
15
|
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sha256_empty_bytes = "\xE3\xB0\xC4B\x98\xFC\x1C\x14\x9A\xFB\xF4\xC8\x99o\xB9$'\xAEA\xE4d\x9B\x93L\xA4\x95\x99\exR\xB8U".b
|
16
|
-
|
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|
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assert_equal sha256_empty_bytes, sha256( "" )
|
18
|
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assert_equal sha256_empty_bytes, sha256( Bytes.new )
|
19
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-
|
20
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assert_equal sha256_empty_hex, Bytes.to_hex( sha256( "" ) )
|
21
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assert_equal sha256_empty_hex, bytes_to_hex( sha256( "" ) )
|
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assert_equal sha256_empty_hex, btoh( sha256( "" ) )
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assert_equal sha256_empty_hex, sha256( "" ).h
|
24
|
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assert_equal sha256_empty_hex, sha256hex( "" )
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25
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-
|
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ripemd160_empty_hex = "9c1185a5c5e9fc54612808977ee8f548b2258d31"
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|
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assert_equal ripemd160_empty_hex, Bytes.to_hex( ripemd160( "" ))
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assert_equal ripemd160_empty_hex, bytes_to_hex( ripemd160( "" ))
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|
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assert_equal ripemd160_empty_hex, btoh( ripemd160( "" ))
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assert_equal ripemd160_empty_hex, ripemd160( "" ).h
|
32
|
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assert_equal ripemd160_empty_hex, ripemd160hex( "" )
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|
34
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assert_equal "37f332f68db77bd9d7edd4969571ad671cf9dd3b",
|
35
|
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ripemd160hex( "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" )
|
36
|
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|
37
|
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assert_equal "132072df690933835eb8b6ad0b77e7b6f14acad7",
|
38
|
-
ripemd160hex( "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy cog" )
|
39
|
-
end
|
40
|
-
|
41
|
-
end # class TestHash
|
data/test/test_string.rb
DELETED
@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
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# encoding: utf-8
|
2
|
-
|
3
|
-
###
|
4
|
-
# to run use
|
5
|
-
# ruby -I ./lib -I ./test test/test_string.rb
|
6
|
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|
7
|
-
|
8
|
-
require 'helper'
|
9
|
-
|
10
|
-
|
11
|
-
class TestString < MiniTest::Test
|
12
|
-
|
13
|
-
def test_string
|
14
|
-
####
|
15
|
-
# note: 1) String.new gets you String with "binary" encoding
|
16
|
-
# 2) String Literal "" and String.new("")
|
17
|
-
# gets you String with default encoding (utf-8)
|
18
|
-
|
19
|
-
assert Encoding::ASCII_8BIT == String.new.encoding
|
20
|
-
assert Encoding::ASCII_8BIT == String.new("".b).encoding
|
21
|
-
assert Encoding::ASCII_8BIT == "".b.encoding
|
22
|
-
|
23
|
-
assert Encoding::BINARY == Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
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|
-
assert Encoding::BINARY == String.new.encoding
|
25
|
-
assert Encoding::BINARY == String.new("".b).encoding
|
26
|
-
assert Encoding::BINARY == "".b.encoding
|
27
|
-
|
28
|
-
assert Encoding::UTF_8 == "".encoding
|
29
|
-
assert Encoding::UTF_8 == String.new("").encoding
|
30
|
-
end
|
31
|
-
|
32
|
-
def test_bytes
|
33
|
-
assert Encoding::ASCII_8BIT == Bytes.new.encoding
|
34
|
-
assert Encoding::ASCII_8BIT == Bytes.new("").encoding
|
35
|
-
assert Encoding::ASCII_8BIT == Bytes.new("ab").encoding
|
36
|
-
|
37
|
-
assert Encoding::BINARY == Encoding::ASCII_8BIT
|
38
|
-
assert Encoding::BINARY == Bytes.new.encoding
|
39
|
-
assert Encoding::BINARY == Bytes.new("").encoding
|
40
|
-
assert Encoding::BINARY == Bytes.new("ab").encoding
|
41
|
-
end
|
42
|
-
|
43
|
-
def test_buffer
|
44
|
-
assert Encoding::UTF_8 == Buffer.new.encoding
|
45
|
-
assert Encoding::UTF_8 == Buffer.new("").encoding
|
46
|
-
assert Encoding::UTF_8 == Buffer.new("ab").encoding
|
47
|
-
end
|
48
|
-
|
49
|
-
end # class TestString
|