bundler 4.0.9 → 4.0.18

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-lock.1

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 .\" generated with Ronn-NG/v0.10.1
 .\" http://github.com/apjanke/ronn-ng/tree/0.10.1
-.TH "BUNDLE\-LOCK" "1" "March 2026" ""
+.TH "BUNDLE\-LOCK" "1" "April 2026" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-lock\fR \- Creates / Updates a lockfile without installing
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
-\fBbundle lock\fR [\-\-update] [\-\-bundler[=BUNDLER]] [\-\-local] [\-\-print] [\-\-lockfile=PATH] [\-\-full\-index] [\-\-gemfile=GEMFILE] [\-\-add\-checksums] [\-\-add\-platform] [\-\-remove\-platform] [\-\-normalize\-platforms] [\-\-patch] [\-\-minor] [\-\-major] [\-\-pre] [\-\-strict] [\-\-conservative]
+\fBbundle lock\fR [\-\-update] [\-\-bundler[=BUNDLER]] [\-\-local] [\-\-print] [\-\-lockfile=PATH] [\-\-full\-index] [\-\-gemfile=GEMFILE] [\-\-add\-checksums] [\-\-add\-platform] [\-\-remove\-platform] [\-\-normalize\-platforms] [\-\-patch] [\-\-minor] [\-\-major] [\-\-pre] [\-\-strict] [\-\-conservative] [\-\-cooldown=NUMBER]
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Lock the gems specified in Gemfile\.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
@@ -59,6 +59,9 @@ If updating, do not allow any gem to be updated past latest \-\-patch | \-\-mino
 .TP
 \fB\-\-conservative\fR
 If updating, use bundle install conservative update behavior and do not allow shared dependencies to be updated\.
+.TP
+\fB\-\-cooldown=<number>\fR
+Only consider gem versions published at least \fInumber\fR days ago when resolving\. Pass \fB0\fR to disable cooldown for this run, overriding any per\-source or global configuration\. See \fBcooldown\fR in bundle\-config(1)\.
 .SH "UPDATING ALL GEMS"
 If you run \fBbundle lock\fR with \fB\-\-update\fR option without list of gems, bundler will ignore any previously installed gems and resolve all dependencies again based on the latest versions of all gems available in the sources\.
 .SH "UPDATING A LIST OF GEMS"

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-lock.1.ronn

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ bundle-lock(1) -- Creates / Updates a lockfile without installing
               [--pre]
               [--strict]
               [--conservative]
+              [--cooldown=NUMBER]
 
 ## DESCRIPTION
 
@@ -84,6 +85,11 @@ Lock the gems specified in Gemfile.
 * `--conservative`:
   If updating, use bundle install conservative update behavior and do not allow shared dependencies to be updated.
 
+* `--cooldown=<number>`:
+  Only consider gem versions published at least <number> days ago when
+  resolving. Pass `0` to disable cooldown for this run, overriding any
+  per-source or global configuration. See `cooldown` in bundle-config(1).
+
 ## UPDATING ALL GEMS
 
 If you run `bundle lock` with `--update` option without list of gems, bundler will

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-open.1

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 .\" generated with Ronn-NG/v0.10.1
 .\" http://github.com/apjanke/ronn-ng/tree/0.10.1
-.TH "BUNDLE\-OPEN" "1" "March 2026" ""
+.TH "BUNDLE\-OPEN" "1" "April 2026" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-open\fR \- Opens the source directory for a gem in your bundle
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-outdated.1

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 .\" generated with Ronn-NG/v0.10.1
 .\" http://github.com/apjanke/ronn-ng/tree/0.10.1
-.TH "BUNDLE\-OUTDATED" "1" "March 2026" ""
+.TH "BUNDLE\-OUTDATED" "1" "April 2026" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-outdated\fR \- List installed gems with newer versions available
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
-\fBbundle outdated\fR [GEM] [\-\-local] [\-\-pre] [\-\-source] [\-\-filter\-strict | \-\-strict] [\-\-update\-strict] [\-\-parseable | \-\-porcelain] [\-\-group=GROUP] [\-\-groups] [\-\-patch|\-\-minor|\-\-major] [\-\-filter\-major] [\-\-filter\-minor] [\-\-filter\-patch] [\-\-only\-explicit]
+\fBbundle outdated\fR [GEM] [\-\-local] [\-\-pre] [\-\-source] [\-\-filter\-strict | \-\-strict] [\-\-update\-strict] [\-\-parseable | \-\-porcelain] [\-\-group=GROUP] [\-\-groups] [\-\-patch|\-\-minor|\-\-major] [\-\-filter\-major] [\-\-filter\-minor] [\-\-filter\-patch] [\-\-only\-explicit] [\-\-cooldown=NUMBER]
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Outdated lists the names and versions of gems that have a newer version available in the given source\. Calling outdated with [GEM [GEM]] will only check for newer versions of the given gems\. Prerelease gems are ignored by default\. If your gems are up to date, Bundler will exit with a status of 0\. Otherwise, it will exit 1\.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@ Only list patch newer versions\.
 .TP
 \fB\-\-only\-explicit\fR
 Only list gems specified in your Gemfile, not their dependencies\.
+.TP
+\fB\-\-cooldown=<number>\fR
+Annotate (rather than hide) versions that are still inside the cooldown window of \fInumber\fR days\. The prose output appends "in cooldown for Nd more days" and the table form adds "(cooldown Nd)" to the Latest column\. See \fBcooldown\fR in bundle\-config(1)\.
 .SH "PATCH LEVEL OPTIONS"
 See bundle update(1) \fIbundle\-update\.1\.html\fR for details\.
 .SH "FILTERING OUTPUT"
@@ -61,42 +64,42 @@ The 3 filtering options do not affect the resolution of versions, merely what ve
 If the regular output shows the following:
 .IP "" 4
 .nf
-* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
-* faker     1\.6\.5    1\.6\.6   ~> 1\.4     development, test
-* hashie    1\.2\.0    3\.4\.6   = 1\.2\.0    default
-* headless  2\.2\.3    2\.3\.1   = 2\.2\.3    test
+* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups              Release Date
+* faker     1\.6\.5    1\.6\.6   ~> 1\.4     development, test   2024\-02\-05
+* hashie    1\.2\.0    3\.4\.6   = 1\.2\.0    default             2023\-11\-10
+* headless  2\.2\.3    2\.3\.1   = 2\.2\.3    test                2022\-08\-19
 .fi
 .IP "" 0
 .P
 \fB\-\-filter\-major\fR would only show:
 .IP "" 4
 .nf
-* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
-* hashie    1\.2\.0    3\.4\.6   = 1\.2\.0    default
+* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups   Release Date
+* hashie    1\.2\.0    3\.4\.6   = 1\.2\.0    default  2023\-11\-10
 .fi
 .IP "" 0
 .P
 \fB\-\-filter\-minor\fR would only show:
 .IP "" 4
 .nf
-* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
-* headless  2\.2\.3    2\.3\.1   = 2\.2\.3    test
+* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups  Release Date
+* headless  2\.2\.3    2\.3\.1   = 2\.2\.3    test    2022\-08\-19
 .fi
 .IP "" 0
 .P
 \fB\-\-filter\-patch\fR would only show:
 .IP "" 4
 .nf
-* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
-* faker     1\.6\.5    1\.6\.6   ~> 1\.4     development, test
+* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups              Release Date
+* faker     1\.6\.5    1\.6\.6   ~> 1\.4     development, test   2024\-02\-05
 .fi
 .IP "" 0
 .P
 Filter options can be combined\. \fB\-\-filter\-minor\fR and \fB\-\-filter\-patch\fR would show:
 .IP "" 4
 .nf
-* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
-* faker     1\.6\.5    1\.6\.6   ~> 1\.4     development, test
+* Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups              Release Date
+* faker     1\.6\.5    1\.6\.6   ~> 1\.4     development, test   2024\-02\-05
 .fi
 .IP "" 0
 .P

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-outdated.1.ronn

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ bundle-outdated(1) -- List installed gems with newer versions available
                         [--filter-minor]
                         [--filter-patch]
                         [--only-explicit]
+                        [--cooldown=NUMBER]
 
 ## DESCRIPTION
 
@@ -71,6 +72,12 @@ are up to date, Bundler will exit with a status of 0. Otherwise, it will exit 1.
 * `--only-explicit`:
   Only list gems specified in your Gemfile, not their dependencies.
 
+* `--cooldown=<number>`:
+  Annotate (rather than hide) versions that are still inside the
+  cooldown window of <number> days. The prose output appends "in
+  cooldown for Nd more days" and the table form adds "(cooldown Nd)" to
+  the Latest column. See `cooldown` in bundle-config(1).
+
 ## PATCH LEVEL OPTIONS
 
 See [bundle update(1)](bundle-update.1.html) for details.
@@ -82,29 +89,29 @@ in the output.
 
 If the regular output shows the following:
 
-    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
-    * faker     1.6.5    1.6.6   ~> 1.4     development, test
-    * hashie    1.2.0    3.4.6   = 1.2.0    default
-    * headless  2.2.3    2.3.1   = 2.2.3    test
+    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups              Release Date
+    * faker     1.6.5    1.6.6   ~> 1.4     development, test   2024-02-05
+    * hashie    1.2.0    3.4.6   = 1.2.0    default             2023-11-10
+    * headless  2.2.3    2.3.1   = 2.2.3    test                2022-08-19
 
 `--filter-major` would only show:
 
-    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
-    * hashie    1.2.0    3.4.6   = 1.2.0    default
+    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups   Release Date
+    * hashie    1.2.0    3.4.6   = 1.2.0    default  2023-11-10
 
 `--filter-minor` would only show:
 
-    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
-    * headless  2.2.3    2.3.1   = 2.2.3    test
+    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups  Release Date
+    * headless  2.2.3    2.3.1   = 2.2.3    test    2022-08-19
 
 `--filter-patch` would only show:
 
-    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
-    * faker     1.6.5    1.6.6   ~> 1.4     development, test
+    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups              Release Date
+    * faker     1.6.5    1.6.6   ~> 1.4     development, test   2024-02-05
 
 Filter options can be combined. `--filter-minor` and `--filter-patch` would show:
 
-    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups
-    * faker     1.6.5    1.6.6   ~> 1.4     development, test
+    * Gem       Current  Latest  Requested  Groups              Release Date
+    * faker     1.6.5    1.6.6   ~> 1.4     development, test   2024-02-05
 
 Combining all three `filter` options would be the same result as providing none of them.

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-platform.1

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 .\" generated with Ronn-NG/v0.10.1
 .\" http://github.com/apjanke/ronn-ng/tree/0.10.1
-.TH "BUNDLE\-PLATFORM" "1" "March 2026" ""
+.TH "BUNDLE\-PLATFORM" "1" "April 2026" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-platform\fR \- Displays platform compatibility information
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-plugin.1

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 .\" generated with Ronn-NG/v0.10.1
 .\" http://github.com/apjanke/ronn-ng/tree/0.10.1
-.TH "BUNDLE\-PLUGIN" "1" "March 2026" ""
+.TH "BUNDLE\-PLUGIN" "1" "April 2026" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-plugin\fR \- Manage Bundler plugins
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
@@ -71,6 +71,6 @@ Describe subcommands or one specific subcommand\.
 No options\.
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
 .IP "\(bu" 4
-How to write a Bundler plugin \fIhttps://bundler\.io/guides/bundler_plugins\.html\fR
+How to write a Bundler plugin \fIhttps://guides\.rubygems\.org/bundler_plugins/\fR
 .IP "" 0
 

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-plugin.1.ronn

@@ -81,4 +81,4 @@ No options.
 
 ## SEE ALSO
 
-* [How to write a Bundler plugin](https://bundler.io/guides/bundler_plugins.html)
+* [How to write a Bundler plugin](https://guides.rubygems.org/bundler_plugins/)

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-pristine.1

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 .\" generated with Ronn-NG/v0.10.1
 .\" http://github.com/apjanke/ronn-ng/tree/0.10.1
-.TH "BUNDLE\-PRISTINE" "1" "March 2026" ""
+.TH "BUNDLE\-PRISTINE" "1" "April 2026" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-pristine\fR \- Restores installed gems to their pristine condition
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-remove.1

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 .\" generated with Ronn-NG/v0.10.1
 .\" http://github.com/apjanke/ronn-ng/tree/0.10.1
-.TH "BUNDLE\-REMOVE" "1" "March 2026" ""
+.TH "BUNDLE\-REMOVE" "1" "April 2026" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-remove\fR \- Removes gems from the Gemfile
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-show.1

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 .\" generated with Ronn-NG/v0.10.1
 .\" http://github.com/apjanke/ronn-ng/tree/0.10.1
-.TH "BUNDLE\-SHOW" "1" "March 2026" ""
+.TH "BUNDLE\-SHOW" "1" "April 2026" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-show\fR \- Shows all the gems in your bundle, or the path to a gem
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-update.1

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 .\" generated with Ronn-NG/v0.10.1
 .\" http://github.com/apjanke/ronn-ng/tree/0.10.1
-.TH "BUNDLE\-UPDATE" "1" "March 2026" ""
+.TH "BUNDLE\-UPDATE" "1" "April 2026" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-update\fR \- Update your gems to the latest available versions
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
-\fBbundle update\fR \fI*gems\fR [\-\-all] [\-\-group=NAME] [\-\-source=NAME] [\-\-local] [\-\-ruby] [\-\-bundler[=VERSION]] [\-\-force] [\-\-full\-index] [\-\-gemfile=GEMFILE] [\-\-jobs=NUMBER] [\-\-quiet] [\-\-patch|\-\-minor|\-\-major] [\-\-pre] [\-\-strict] [\-\-conservative]
+\fBbundle update\fR \fI*gems\fR [\-\-all] [\-\-group=NAME] [\-\-source=NAME] [\-\-local] [\-\-ruby] [\-\-bundler[=VERSION]] [\-\-cooldown=NUMBER] [\-\-force] [\-\-full\-index] [\-\-gemfile=GEMFILE] [\-\-jobs=NUMBER] [\-\-quiet] [\-\-patch|\-\-minor|\-\-major] [\-\-pre] [\-\-strict] [\-\-conservative]
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Update the gems specified (all gems, if \fB\-\-all\fR flag is used), ignoring the previously installed gems specified in the \fBGemfile\.lock\fR\. In general, you should use bundle install(1) \fIbundle\-install\.1\.html\fR to install the same exact gems and versions across machines\.
 .P
@@ -64,6 +64,9 @@ Do not allow any gem to be updated past latest \fB\-\-patch\fR | \fB\-\-minor\fR
 .TP
 \fB\-\-conservative\fR
 Use bundle install conservative update behavior and do not allow indirect dependencies to be updated\.
+.TP
+\fB\-\-cooldown=<number>\fR
+Only consider gem versions published at least \fInumber\fR days ago when resolving\. Pass \fB0\fR to disable cooldown for this run, overriding any per\-source or global configuration\. Combine with \fB\-\-conservative\fR to minimize transitive churn when bypassing cooldown for an urgent update\. See \fBcooldown\fR in bundle\-config(1)\.
 .SH "UPDATING ALL GEMS"
 If you run \fBbundle update \-\-all\fR, bundler will ignore any previously installed gems and resolve all dependencies again based on the latest versions of all gems available in the sources\.
 .P

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-update.1.ronn

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ bundle-update(1) -- Update your gems to the latest available versions
                         [--local]
                         [--ruby]
                         [--bundler[=VERSION]]
+                        [--cooldown=NUMBER]
                         [--force]
                         [--full-index]
                         [--gemfile=GEMFILE]
@@ -91,6 +92,13 @@ gem.
 * `--conservative`:
   Use bundle install conservative update behavior and do not allow indirect dependencies to be updated.
 
+* `--cooldown=<number>`:
+  Only consider gem versions published at least <number> days ago when
+  resolving. Pass `0` to disable cooldown for this run, overriding any
+  per-source or global configuration. Combine with `--conservative` to
+  minimize transitive churn when bypassing cooldown for an urgent
+  update. See `cooldown` in bundle-config(1).
+
 ## UPDATING ALL GEMS
 
 If you run `bundle update --all`, bundler will ignore

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle-version.1

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 .\" generated with Ronn-NG/v0.10.1
 .\" http://github.com/apjanke/ronn-ng/tree/0.10.1
-.TH "BUNDLE\-VERSION" "1" "March 2026" ""
+.TH "BUNDLE\-VERSION" "1" "April 2026" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\-version\fR \- Prints Bundler version information
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle.1

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 .\" generated with Ronn-NG/v0.10.1
 .\" http://github.com/apjanke/ronn-ng/tree/0.10.1
-.TH "BUNDLE" "1" "March 2026" ""
+.TH "BUNDLE" "1" "April 2026" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBbundle\fR \- Ruby Dependency Management
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 Bundler manages an \fBapplication's dependencies\fR through its entire life across many machines systematically and repeatably\.
 .P
-See the bundler website \fIhttps://bundler\.io\fR for information on getting started, and Gemfile(5) for more information on the \fBGemfile\fR format\.
+See the RubyGems guides \fIhttps://guides\.rubygems\.org/\fR for information on getting started, and Gemfile(5) for more information on the \fBGemfile\fR format\.
 .SH "OPTIONS"
 .TP
 \fB\-\-no\-color\fR
@@ -54,6 +54,18 @@ Determine whether the requirements for your application are installed and availa
 \fBbundle show(1)\fR \fIbundle\-show\.1\.html\fR
 Show the source location of a particular gem in the bundle
 .TP
+\fBbundle info(1)\fR \fIbundle\-info\.1\.html\fR
+Show information for the given gem in your bundle
+.TP
+\fBbundle list(1)\fR \fIbundle\-list\.1\.html\fR
+List all the gems in the bundle
+.TP
+\fBbundle licenses(1)\fR \fIbundle\-licenses\.1\.html\fR
+Print the license of all gems in the bundle
+.TP
+\fBbundle fund(1)\fR \fIbundle\-fund\.1\.html\fR
+Lists information about gems seeking funding assistance
+.TP
 \fBbundle outdated(1)\fR \fIbundle\-outdated\.1\.html\fR
 Show all of the outdated gems in the current bundle
 .TP
@@ -78,9 +90,18 @@ Display platform compatibility information
 \fBbundle clean(1)\fR \fIbundle\-clean\.1\.html\fR
 Clean up unused gems in your Bundler directory
 .TP
+\fBbundle pristine(1)\fR \fIbundle\-pristine\.1\.html\fR
+Restores installed gems to their pristine condition
+.TP
 \fBbundle doctor(1)\fR \fIbundle\-doctor\.1\.html\fR
 Display warnings about common problems
 .TP
+\fBbundle env(1)\fR \fIbundle\-env\.1\.html\fR
+Print information about the environment Bundler is running under
+.TP
+\fBbundle issue(1)\fR \fIbundle\-issue\.1\.html\fR
+Get help reporting Bundler issues
+.TP
 \fBbundle remove(1)\fR \fIbundle\-remove\.1\.html\fR
 Removes gems from the Gemfile
 .TP

data/lib/bundler/man/bundle.1.ronn

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ bundle(1) -- Ruby Dependency Management
 Bundler manages an `application's dependencies` through its entire life
 across many machines systematically and repeatably.
 
-See [the bundler website](https://bundler.io) for information on getting
+See [the RubyGems guides](https://guides.rubygems.org/) for information on getting
 started, and Gemfile(5) for more information on the `Gemfile` format.
 
 ## OPTIONS
@@ -64,6 +64,18 @@ We divide `bundle` subcommands into primary commands and utilities:
 * [`bundle show(1)`](bundle-show.1.html):
   Show the source location of a particular gem in the bundle
 
+* [`bundle info(1)`](bundle-info.1.html):
+  Show information for the given gem in your bundle
+
+* [`bundle list(1)`](bundle-list.1.html):
+  List all the gems in the bundle
+
+* [`bundle licenses(1)`](bundle-licenses.1.html):
+  Print the license of all gems in the bundle
+
+* [`bundle fund(1)`](bundle-fund.1.html):
+  Lists information about gems seeking funding assistance
+
 * [`bundle outdated(1)`](bundle-outdated.1.html):
   Show all of the outdated gems in the current bundle
 
@@ -88,9 +100,18 @@ We divide `bundle` subcommands into primary commands and utilities:
 * [`bundle clean(1)`](bundle-clean.1.html):
   Clean up unused gems in your Bundler directory
 
+* [`bundle pristine(1)`](bundle-pristine.1.html):
+  Restores installed gems to their pristine condition
+
 * [`bundle doctor(1)`](bundle-doctor.1.html):
   Display warnings about common problems
 
+* [`bundle env(1)`](bundle-env.1.html):
+  Print information about the environment Bundler is running under
+
+* [`bundle issue(1)`](bundle-issue.1.html):
+  Get help reporting Bundler issues
+
 * [`bundle remove(1)`](bundle-remove.1.html):
   Removes gems from the Gemfile
 

data/lib/bundler/man/gemfile.5

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 .\" generated with Ronn-NG/v0.10.1
 .\" http://github.com/apjanke/ronn-ng/tree/0.10.1
-.TH "GEMFILE" "5" "March 2026" ""
+.TH "GEMFILE" "5" "April 2026" ""
 .SH "NAME"
 \fBGemfile\fR \- A format for describing gem dependencies for Ruby programs
 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
@@ -107,6 +107,8 @@ gem "nokogiri", ">= 1\.4\.2"
 gem "RedCloth", ">= 4\.1\.0", "< 4\.2\.0"
 .fi
 .IP "" 0
+.P
+Most version specifiers, like \fB>= 1\.0\fR, are self\-explanatory\. The pessimistic specifier \fB~>\fR constrains both a lower and an upper bound: \fB~> 2\.0\.3\fR is identical to \fB>= 2\.0\.3\fR and \fB< 2\.1\fR, and \fB~> 2\.1\fR is identical to \fB>= 2\.1\fR and \fB< 3\.0\fR\. A pessimistic specifier with a prerelease component, like \fB~> 2\.2\.beta\fR, will match prerelease versions like \fB2\.2\.beta\.12\fR\. \fB~> 0\fR is identical to \fB>= 0\.0\fR and \fB< 1\.0\fR\.
 .SS "REQUIRE AS"
 Each \fIgem\fR \fBMAY\fR specify files that should be used when autorequiring via \fBBundler\.require\fR\. You may pass an array with multiple files or \fBtrue\fR if the file you want \fBrequired\fR has the same name as \fIgem\fR or \fBfalse\fR to prevent any file from being autorequired\.
 .IP "" 4
@@ -164,7 +166,7 @@ bundle config set \-\-local without development test
 .P
 Also, calling \fBBundler\.setup\fR with no parameters, or calling \fBrequire "bundler/setup"\fR will setup all groups except for the ones you excluded via \fB\-\-without\fR (since they are not available)\.
 .P
-Note that on \fBbundle install\fR, bundler downloads and evaluates all gems, in order to create a single canonical list of all of the required gems and their dependencies\. This means that you cannot list different versions of the same gems in different groups\. For more details, see Understanding Bundler \fIhttps://bundler\.io/rationale\.html\fR\.
+Note that on \fBbundle install\fR, bundler downloads and evaluates all gems, in order to create a single canonical list of all of the required gems and their dependencies\. This means that you cannot list different versions of the same gems in different groups\. For more details, see Dependency management \fIhttps://guides\.rubygems\.org/dependency_management/\fR\.
 .SS "PLATFORMS"
 If a gem should only be used in a particular platform or set of platforms, you can specify them\. Platforms are essentially identical to groups, except that you do not need to use the \fB\-\-without\fR install\-time flag to exclude groups of gems for other platforms\.
 .P
@@ -460,6 +462,15 @@ The \fBgemspec\fR method adds any runtime dependencies as gem requirements in th
 The \fBgemspec\fR method supports optional \fB:path\fR, \fB:glob\fR, \fB:name\fR, and \fB:development_group\fR options, which control where bundler looks for the \fB\.gemspec\fR, the glob it uses to look for the gemspec (defaults to: \fB{,*,*/*}\.gemspec\fR), what named \fB\.gemspec\fR it uses (if more than one is present), and which group development dependencies are included in\.
 .P
 When a \fBgemspec\fR dependency encounters version conflicts during resolution, the local version under development will always be selected \-\- even if there are remote versions that better match other requirements for the \fBgemspec\fR gem\.
+.SH "EVAL_GEMFILE"
+A Gemfile \fBMAY\fR be split across multiple files\. The \fBeval_gemfile\fR method reads the contents of another file as if they appeared in the current Gemfile\. A relative path is resolved against the directory of the file containing the call\.
+.IP "" 4
+.nf
+eval_gemfile "another\.gemfile"
+.fi
+.IP "" 0
+.P
+This can be useful to run tests against multiple combinations of dependencies, or to load per\-developer gems from an untracked gemfile\.
 .SH "SOURCE PRIORITY"
 When attempting to locate a gem to satisfy a gem requirement, bundler uses the following priority order:
 .IP "1." 4

data/lib/bundler/man/gemfile.5.ronn

@@ -137,6 +137,13 @@ Each _gem_ `MAY` have one or more version specifiers.
     gem "nokogiri", ">= 1.4.2"
     gem "RedCloth", ">= 4.1.0", "< 4.2.0"
 
+Most version specifiers, like `>= 1.0`, are self-explanatory. The pessimistic
+specifier `~>` constrains both a lower and an upper bound: `~> 2.0.3` is
+identical to `>= 2.0.3` and `< 2.1`, and `~> 2.1` is identical to `>= 2.1` and
+`< 3.0`. A pessimistic specifier with a prerelease component, like
+`~> 2.2.beta`, will match prerelease versions like `2.2.beta.12`. `~> 0` is
+identical to `>= 0.0` and `< 1.0`.
+
 ### REQUIRE AS
 
 Each _gem_ `MAY` specify files that should be used when autorequiring via
@@ -193,7 +200,7 @@ are not available).
 Note that on `bundle install`, bundler downloads and evaluates all gems, in order to
 create a single canonical list of all of the required gems and their dependencies.
 This means that you cannot list different versions of the same gems in different
-groups. For more details, see [Understanding Bundler](https://bundler.io/rationale.html).
+groups. For more details, see [Dependency management](https://guides.rubygems.org/dependency_management/).
 
 ### PLATFORMS
 
@@ -541,6 +548,18 @@ When a `gemspec` dependency encounters version conflicts during resolution, the
 local version under development will always be selected -- even if there are
 remote versions that better match other requirements for the `gemspec` gem.
 
+## EVAL_GEMFILE
+
+A Gemfile `MAY` be split across multiple files. The `eval_gemfile` method reads
+the contents of another file as if they appeared in the current Gemfile. A
+relative path is resolved against the directory of the file containing the
+call.
+
+    eval_gemfile "another.gemfile"
+
+This can be useful to run tests against multiple combinations of dependencies,
+or to load per-developer gems from an untracked gemfile.
+
 ## SOURCE PRIORITY
 
 When attempting to locate a gem to satisfy a gem requirement,

data/lib/bundler/mirror.rb

@@ -160,18 +160,18 @@ module Bundler
 
       def wait_for_writtable_socket(socket, address, timeout)
         if IO.select(nil, [socket], nil, timeout)
-          probe_writtable_socket(socket, address)
+          probe_writtable_socket(socket)
         else # TCP Handshake timed out, or there is something dropping packets
           false
         end
       end
 
-      def probe_writtable_socket(socket, address)
-        socket.connect_nonblock(address)
-      rescue Errno::EISCONN
-        true
-      rescue StandardError # Connection failed
-        false
+      def probe_writtable_socket(socket)
+        # Check the pending error on the socket rather than calling
+        # +connect_nonblock+ a second time. On BSD-based systems such as macOS a
+        # second connect returns +EISCONN+ even when the asynchronous connect
+        # failed, which would make a down mirror look reachable.
+        socket.getsockopt(Socket::SOL_SOCKET, Socket::SO_ERROR).int == 0
       end
     end
   end

data/lib/bundler/plugin/unloaded_source.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Bundler
+  module Plugin
+    # Stands in for a source handled by a plugin that is not loaded yet, so
+    # that the lockfile can still be parsed during the plugin install pass,
+    # and by external tools reading a lockfile without the plugin installed.
+    class UnloadedSource
+      include API::Source
+
+      # Unlike real plugin sources, where the handling class encodes the
+      # source type, all unloaded sources share this class, so the type must
+      # be compared explicitly.
+      def ==(other)
+        super && options["type"] == other.options["type"]
+      end
+
+      alias_method :eql?, :==
+
+      def hash
+        [super, options["type"]].hash
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/bundler/plugin.rb

@@ -4,11 +4,12 @@ require_relative "plugin/api"
 
 module Bundler
   module Plugin
-    autoload :DSL,        File.expand_path("plugin/dsl", __dir__)
-    autoload :Events,     File.expand_path("plugin/events", __dir__)
-    autoload :Index,      File.expand_path("plugin/index", __dir__)
-    autoload :Installer,  File.expand_path("plugin/installer", __dir__)
-    autoload :SourceList, File.expand_path("plugin/source_list", __dir__)
+    autoload :DSL,            File.expand_path("plugin/dsl", __dir__)
+    autoload :Events,         File.expand_path("plugin/events", __dir__)
+    autoload :Index,          File.expand_path("plugin/index", __dir__)
+    autoload :Installer,      File.expand_path("plugin/installer", __dir__)
+    autoload :SourceList,     File.expand_path("plugin/source_list", __dir__)
+    autoload :UnloadedSource, File.expand_path("plugin/unloaded_source", __dir__)
 
     class MalformattedPlugin < PluginError; end
     class UndefinedCommandError < PluginError; end
@@ -199,9 +200,14 @@ module Bundler
     # @return [API::Source] the instance of the class that handles the source
     #                       type passed in locked_opts
     def from_lock(locked_opts)
+      opts = locked_opts.merge("uri" => locked_opts["remote"])
+      # use an inert placeholder when the plugin handling this source is not
+      # installed, so that the lockfile can still be parsed
+      return UnloadedSource.new(opts) unless source?(locked_opts["type"])
+
       src = source(locked_opts["type"])
 
-      src.new(locked_opts.merge("uri" => locked_opts["remote"]))
+      src.new(opts)
     end
 
     # To be called via the API to register a hooks and corresponding block that

data/lib/bundler/remote_specification.rb

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ module Bundler
 
     attr_reader :name, :version, :platform
     attr_writer :dependencies
-    attr_accessor :source, :remote, :locked_platform
+    attr_accessor :source, :remote, :locked_platform, :created_at
 
     def initialize(name, version, platform, spec_fetcher)
       @name         = name

data/lib/bundler/resolver/base.rb

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ module Bundler
       attr_reader :packages, :requirements, :source_requirements, :locked_specs
 
       def initialize(source_requirements, dependencies, base, platforms, options)
+        @explicit_unlocks = options.delete(:explicit_unlocks) || []
         @source_requirements = source_requirements
         @locked_specs = options[:locked_specs]
 
@@ -43,6 +44,14 @@ module Bundler
         @packages[name]
       end
 
+      # Gems the user named on a `bundle update GEM` / `bundle lock --update GEM`
+      # command line. These are the only ones meant to move off their locked
+      # version, so cooldown keeps applying to them while every other locked gem
+      # stays exempt.
+      def explicitly_unlocked?(name)
+        @explicit_unlocks.include?(name)
+      end
+
       def base_requirements
         @base_requirements ||= build_base_requirements
       end

data/lib/bundler/resolver/strategy.rb

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ module Bundler
     class Strategy
       def initialize(source)
         @source = source
+        @package_priority_cache = {}
       end
 
       def next_package_and_version(unsatisfied)
@@ -17,10 +18,12 @@ module Bundler
 
       def next_term_to_try_from(unsatisfied)
         unsatisfied.min_by do |package, range|
-          matching_versions = @source.versions_for(package, range)
-          higher_versions = @source.versions_for(package, range.upper_invert)
+          @package_priority_cache[[package, range]] ||= begin
+            matching_versions = @source.versions_for(package, range)
+            higher_versions = @source.versions_for(package, range.upper_invert)
 
-          [matching_versions.count <= 1 ? 0 : 1, higher_versions.count]
+            [matching_versions.count <= 1 ? 0 : 1, higher_versions.count]
+          end
         end
       end