bonekit 0.0.4-arm-linux → 0.0.5-arm-linux

checksums.yaml

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data/.gitmodules

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[submodule "deps/bonekit-c"]
+	path = deps/bonekit-c
+	url = https://github.com/laugga/bonekit-c.git

data/Rakefile

@@ -44,3 +44,9 @@ YARD::Rake::YardocTask.new(:doc) do |t|
   t.options = ['-o docs/']
   t.options << '--debug' << '--verbose' if $trace
 end
+
+desc "Update bonekit-c dependency"
+task :deps do
+  system("cp -rf deps/bonekit-c/src/*.h ext/bonekit/")
+  system("cp -rf deps/bonekit-c/src/*.c ext/bonekit/")
+end

data/bonekit.gemspec

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.email    = "dev@laugga.com"
   s.homepage = "http://laugga.com/bonekit"
   
-  s.files      = `git ls-files`.split("\n")
+  s.files      = `git ls-files`.split("\n") - %w(.gitignore deps/bonekit-c)
   s.test_files = `git ls-files -- {test,spec}/*`.split("\n")
   
   s.require_paths = ["lib"]

data/docs/beaglebone/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+# Beaglebone Black with Angstrom Distribution
+
+## System
+
+```sh
+opkg update
+opkg upgrade
+```
+
+## Generating SSH Keys
+
+Setup 'ssh-agent':
+
+```sh
+echo 'EDITOR=/usr/bin/nano export EDITOR' > ~/.profile
+echo 'eval `ssh-agent -s`' > ~/.profile
+```
+
+Install 'ssh-keygen':
+
+```sh
+opkg install openssh-keygen
+```
+
+```sh
+ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "<your email here>"
+ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
+```
+
+Edit '~/.ssh/config':
+
+```sh
+Host *
+   IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
+```
+
+## Fix SSL certificates
+
+For git, edit ~/.gitconfig:
+
+```sh
+git config --global http.sslVerify true
+git config --global http.sslCAinfo /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
+```
+
+For curl, do:
+
+```sh
+echo "export CURL_CA_BUNDLE=/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt" >> ~/.profile
+```
+
+For rubygem and other, do:
+
+```sh
+echo "export SSL_CERT_FILE=/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt" >> ~/.profile
+```
+
+
+## Time
+
+Automatically update the time using NTP:
+
+http://derekmolloy.ie/automatically-setting-the-beaglebone-black-time-using-ntp/
+
+Install ntp:
+
+```sh
+opkg install ntp
+```
+
+Edit '/etc/ntp.conf' file:
+
+```sh
+# This is the most basic ntp configuration file
+# The driftfile must remain in a place specific to this
+# machine - it records the machine specific clock error
+
+driftfile /etc/ntp.drift
+logfile /var/log/ntpd.log
+
+# NTP Servers for Ireland from www.pool.ntp.org
+server 0.pool.ntp.org
+server 1.pool.ntp.org
+server 2.pool.ntp.org
+server 3.pool.ntp.org
+
+# Using local hardware clock as fallback
+# Disable this when using ntpd -q -g -x as ntpdate or it will sync to itself
+# server 127.127.1.0 
+# fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 14
+
+# Defining a default security setting
+restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap
+```
+
+Set localtime according to time zone:
+
+```sh
+rm localtime
+ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/London /etc/localtime
+```
+
+Enable the NTP services:
+
+```sh
+systemctl enable ntpdate.service
+systemctl enable ntpd.service
+```
+
+Edit '/lib/systemd/system/ntpdate.service':
+
+```sh
+[Unit]
+Description=Network Time Service (one-shot ntpdate mode)
+Before=ntpd.service
+
+[Service]
+Type=oneshot
+ExecStart=/usr/bin/ntpd -q -g -x
+ExecStart=/sbin/hwclock --systohc
+RemainAfterExit=yes
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+```
+
+## Install Ruby
+
+You may need to install ruby. In a beaglebone with angstrom installed do:
+
+```sh
+opkg update
+opkg install ruby
+```
+
+Fixing /usr/lib/ruby/mkmf.rb:
+
+```sh
+INCFLAGS = -I. #$INCFLAGS -I/usr/include/
+ldflags  = #{$LDFLAGS} -L/lib/
+```
+
+## Wifi using rtl8192cu/rtl8188cus chipset
+
+How to install a rtl8192cu/rtl8188cus on the Beaglebone Black (BBB) running Angstrom:  
+
+http://www.codealpha.net/864/how-to-set-up-a-rtl8192cu-on-the-beaglebone-black-bbb/
+
+```sh
+opkg install kernel-dev
+opkg install kernel-headers
+```
+
+After reboot:
+
+```sh
+cd /usr/src/kernel
+make scripts
+ln -s /usr/src/kernel /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build
+cd ~
+git clone https://github.com/cmicali/rtl8192cu_beaglebone.git
+cd rtl8192cu_beaglebone
+make CROSS_COMPILE=""
+```
+
+Install the driver:
+
+```sh
+mv 8192cu.ko /lib/modules/$(uname -r)
+depmod -a
+cd /etc/modules-load.d
+echo "8192cu" > rtl8192cu-vendor.conf
+```
+
+Blacklist old rtlxxxx drivers:
+
+```sh
+cd /etc/modprobe.d
+echo "install rtl8192cu /bin/false" >wifi_blacklist.conf
+echo "install rtl8192c_common /bin/false" >>wifi_blacklist.conf
+echo "install rtlwifi /bin/false" >>wifi_blacklist.conf
+```
+
+Edit '/var/lib/connman/settings':
+
+```sh
+[global]
+Timeservers=0.angstrom.pool.ntp.org;1.angstrom.pool.ntp.org;2.angstrom.pool.ntp.org;3.angstrom.pool.ntp.org
+OfflineMode=false
+
+[Wired]
+Enable=true
+Tethering=false
+
+[WiFi]
+Enable=true
+Tethering=false
+```
+
+Edit '/var/lib/connman/wifi.config':
+
+```sh
+[service_home]
+Type=wifi
+Name="<SSID>"
+```
+
+After reboot, connecting manually:
+
+```sh
+pgrep wpa
+wpa_supplicant -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -B
+wpa_cli
+/sbin/udhcpc -iwlan0
+```
+
+Or add init script:
+
+```
+cp wifi_init.sh /etc/init.d/wifi_init
+chmod 755 /etc/init.d/wifi_init
+update-rc.d wifi_init defaults
+```

data/docs/beaglebone/mkmf.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,2303 @@
+# -*- indent-tabs-mode: t -*-
+# module to create Makefile for extension modules
+# invoke like: ruby -r mkmf extconf.rb
+
+require 'rbconfig'
+require 'fileutils'
+require 'shellwords'
+
+CONFIG = RbConfig::MAKEFILE_CONFIG
+ORIG_LIBPATH = ENV['LIB']
+
+C_EXT = %w[c m]
+CXX_EXT = %w[cc mm cxx cpp]
+if File::FNM_SYSCASE.zero?
+  CXX_EXT.concat(%w[C])
+end
+SRC_EXT = C_EXT + CXX_EXT
+$static = nil
+$config_h = '$(arch_hdrdir)/ruby/config.h'
+$default_static = $static
+
+unless defined? $configure_args
+  $configure_args = {}
+  args = CONFIG["configure_args"]
+  if ENV["CONFIGURE_ARGS"]
+    args << " " << ENV["CONFIGURE_ARGS"]
+  end
+  for arg in Shellwords::shellwords(args)
+    arg, val = arg.split('=', 2)
+    next unless arg
+    arg.tr!('_', '-')
+    if arg.sub!(/^(?!--)/, '--')
+      val or next
+      arg.downcase!
+    end
+    next if /^--(?:top|topsrc|src|cur)dir$/ =~ arg
+    $configure_args[arg] = val || true
+  end
+  for arg in ARGV
+    arg, val = arg.split('=', 2)
+    next unless arg
+    arg.tr!('_', '-')
+    if arg.sub!(/^(?!--)/, '--')
+      val or next
+      arg.downcase!
+    end
+    $configure_args[arg] = val || true
+  end
+end
+
+$libdir = CONFIG["libdir"]
+$rubylibdir = CONFIG["rubylibdir"]
+$archdir = CONFIG["archdir"]
+$sitedir = CONFIG["sitedir"]
+$sitelibdir = CONFIG["sitelibdir"]
+$sitearchdir = CONFIG["sitearchdir"]
+$vendordir = CONFIG["vendordir"]
+$vendorlibdir = CONFIG["vendorlibdir"]
+$vendorarchdir = CONFIG["vendorarchdir"]
+
+$mswin = /mswin/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+$bccwin = /bccwin/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+$mingw = /mingw/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+$cygwin = /cygwin/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+$netbsd = /netbsd/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+$os2 = /os2/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+$beos = /beos/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+$haiku = /haiku/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+$solaris = /solaris/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+$universal = /universal/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+$dest_prefix_pattern = (File::PATH_SEPARATOR == ';' ? /\A([[:alpha:]]:)?/ : /\A/)
+
+# :stopdoc:
+
+def config_string(key, config = CONFIG)
+  s = config[key] and !s.empty? and block_given? ? yield(s) : s
+end
+
+def dir_re(dir)
+  Regexp.new('\$(?:\('+dir+'\)|\{'+dir+'\})(?:\$(?:\(target_prefix\)|\{target_prefix\}))?')
+end
+
+def relative_from(path, base)
+  dir = File.join(path, "")
+  if File.expand_path(dir) == File.expand_path(dir, base)
+    path
+  else
+    File.join(base, path)
+  end
+end
+
+INSTALL_DIRS = [
+  [dir_re('commondir'), "$(RUBYCOMMONDIR)"],
+  [dir_re('sitedir'), "$(RUBYCOMMONDIR)"],
+  [dir_re('vendordir'), "$(RUBYCOMMONDIR)"],
+  [dir_re('rubylibdir'), "$(RUBYLIBDIR)"],
+  [dir_re('archdir'), "$(RUBYARCHDIR)"],
+  [dir_re('sitelibdir'), "$(RUBYLIBDIR)"],
+  [dir_re('vendorlibdir'), "$(RUBYLIBDIR)"],
+  [dir_re('sitearchdir'), "$(RUBYARCHDIR)"],
+  [dir_re('vendorarchdir'), "$(RUBYARCHDIR)"],
+  [dir_re('rubyhdrdir'), "$(RUBYHDRDIR)"],
+  [dir_re('sitehdrdir'), "$(SITEHDRDIR)"],
+  [dir_re('vendorhdrdir'), "$(VENDORHDRDIR)"],
+  [dir_re('bindir'), "$(BINDIR)"],
+]
+
+def install_dirs(target_prefix = nil)
+  if $extout
+    dirs = [
+      ['BINDIR',        '$(extout)/bin'],
+      ['RUBYCOMMONDIR', '$(extout)/common'],
+      ['RUBYLIBDIR',    '$(RUBYCOMMONDIR)$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['RUBYARCHDIR',   '$(extout)/$(arch)$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['HDRDIR',        '$(extout)/include/ruby$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['ARCHHDRDIR',    '$(extout)/include/$(arch)/ruby$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['extout',        "#$extout"],
+      ['extout_prefix', "#$extout_prefix"],
+    ]
+  elsif $extmk
+    dirs = [
+      ['BINDIR',        '$(bindir)'],
+      ['RUBYCOMMONDIR', '$(rubylibdir)'],
+      ['RUBYLIBDIR',    '$(rubylibdir)$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['RUBYARCHDIR',   '$(archdir)$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['HDRDIR',        '$(rubyhdrdir)/ruby$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['ARCHHDRDIR',    '$(rubyhdrdir)/$(arch)/ruby$(target_prefix)'],
+    ]
+  elsif $configure_args.has_key?('--vendor')
+    dirs = [
+      ['BINDIR',        '$(bindir)'],
+      ['RUBYCOMMONDIR', '$(vendordir)$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['RUBYLIBDIR',    '$(vendorlibdir)$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['RUBYARCHDIR',   '$(vendorarchdir)$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['HDRDIR',        '$(rubyhdrdir)/ruby$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['ARCHHDRDIR',    '$(rubyhdrdir)/$(arch)/ruby$(target_prefix)'],
+    ]
+  else
+    dirs = [
+      ['BINDIR',        '$(bindir)'],
+      ['RUBYCOMMONDIR', '$(sitedir)$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['RUBYLIBDIR',    '$(sitelibdir)$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['RUBYARCHDIR',   '$(sitearchdir)$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['HDRDIR',        '$(rubyhdrdir)/ruby$(target_prefix)'],
+      ['ARCHHDRDIR',    '$(rubyhdrdir)/$(arch)/ruby$(target_prefix)'],
+    ]
+  end
+  dirs << ['target_prefix', (target_prefix ? "/#{target_prefix}" : "")]
+  dirs
+end
+
+def map_dir(dir, map = nil)
+  map ||= INSTALL_DIRS
+  map.inject(dir) {|d, (orig, new)| d.gsub(orig, new)}
+end
+
+topdir = File.dirname(File.dirname(__FILE__))
+path = File.expand_path($0)
+$extmk = path[0, topdir.size+1] == topdir+"/"
+$extmk &&= %r"\A(?:ext|enc|tool|test(?:/.+)?)\z" =~ File.dirname(path[topdir.size+1..-1])
+$extmk &&= true
+if not $extmk and File.exist?(($hdrdir = RbConfig::CONFIG["rubyhdrdir"]) + "/ruby/ruby.h")
+  $topdir = $hdrdir
+  $top_srcdir = $hdrdir
+  $arch_hdrdir = $hdrdir + "/$(arch)"
+elsif File.exist?(($hdrdir = ($top_srcdir ||= topdir) + "/include")  + "/ruby.h")
+  $topdir ||= RbConfig::CONFIG["topdir"]
+  $arch_hdrdir = "$(extout)/include/$(arch)"
+else
+  abort "mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at #{$hdrdir}/ruby.h"
+end
+
+OUTFLAG = CONFIG['OUTFLAG']
+COUTFLAG = CONFIG['COUTFLAG']
+CPPOUTFILE = CONFIG['CPPOUTFILE']
+
+CONFTEST_C = "conftest.c".freeze
+
+class String
+  # Wraps a string in escaped quotes if it contains whitespace.
+  def quote
+    /\s/ =~ self ? "\"#{self}\"" : "#{self}"
+  end
+
+  # Generates a string used as cpp macro name.
+  def tr_cpp
+    strip.upcase.tr_s("^A-Z0-9_*", "_").tr_s("*", "P")
+  end
+end
+class Array
+  # Wraps all strings in escaped quotes if they contain whitespace.
+  def quote
+    map {|s| s.quote}
+  end
+end
+
+def rm_f(*files)
+  opt = (Hash === files.last ? [files.pop] : [])
+  FileUtils.rm_f(Dir[*files.flatten], *opt)
+end
+
+def rm_rf(*files)
+  opt = (Hash === files.last ? [files.pop] : [])
+  FileUtils.rm_rf(Dir[*files.flatten], *opt)
+end
+
+# Returns time stamp of the +target+ file if it exists and is newer
+# than or equal to all of +times+.
+def modified?(target, times)
+  (t = File.mtime(target)) rescue return nil
+  Array === times or times = [times]
+  t if times.all? {|n| n <= t}
+end
+
+def merge_libs(*libs)
+  libs.inject([]) do |x, y|
+    xy = x & y
+    xn = yn = 0
+    y = y.inject([]) {|ary, e| ary.last == e ? ary : ary << e}
+    y.each_with_index do |v, yi|
+      if xy.include?(v)
+        xi = [x.index(v), xn].max()
+        x[xi, 1] = y[yn..yi]
+        xn, yn = xi + (yi - yn + 1), yi + 1
+      end
+    end
+    x.concat(y[yn..-1] || [])
+  end
+end
+
+# This is a custom logging module. It generates an mkmf.log file when you
+# run your extconf.rb script. This can be useful for debugging unexpected
+# failures.
+#
+# This module and its associated methods are meant for internal use only.
+#
+module Logging
+  @log = nil
+  @logfile = 'mkmf.log'
+  @orgerr = $stderr.dup
+  @orgout = $stdout.dup
+  @postpone = 0
+  @quiet = $extmk
+
+  def self::log_open
+    @log ||= File::open(@logfile, 'wb')
+    @log.sync = true
+  end
+
+  def self::open
+    log_open
+    $stderr.reopen(@log)
+    $stdout.reopen(@log)
+    yield
+  ensure
+    $stderr.reopen(@orgerr)
+    $stdout.reopen(@orgout)
+  end
+
+  def self::message(*s)
+    log_open
+    @log.printf(*s)
+  end
+
+  def self::logfile file
+    @logfile = file
+    log_close
+  end
+
+  def self::log_close
+    if @log and not @log.closed?
+      @log.flush
+      @log.close
+      @log = nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  def self::postpone
+    tmplog = "mkmftmp#{@postpone += 1}.log"
+    open do
+      log, *save = @log, @logfile, @orgout, @orgerr
+      @log, @logfile, @orgout, @orgerr = nil, tmplog, log, log
+      begin
+        log.print(open {yield @log})
+      ensure
+        @log.close if @log and not @log.closed?
+        File::open(tmplog) {|t| FileUtils.copy_stream(t, log)} if File.exist?(tmplog)
+        @log, @logfile, @orgout, @orgerr = log, *save
+        @postpone -= 1
+        rm_f tmplog
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  class << self
+    attr_accessor :quiet
+  end
+end
+
+def xsystem command, opts = nil
+  varpat = /\$\((\w+)\)|\$\{(\w+)\}/
+  if varpat =~ command
+    vars = Hash.new {|h, k| h[k] = ''; ENV[k]}
+    command = command.dup
+    nil while command.gsub!(varpat) {vars[$1||$2]}
+  end
+  Logging::open do
+    puts command.quote
+    if opts and opts[:werror]
+      result = nil
+      Logging.postpone do |log|
+        result = (system(command) and File.zero?(log.path))
+        ""
+      end
+      result
+    else
+      system(command)
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+def xpopen command, *mode, &block
+  Logging::open do
+    case mode[0]
+    when nil, /^r/
+      puts "#{command} |"
+    else
+      puts "| #{command}"
+    end
+    IO.popen(command, *mode, &block)
+  end
+end
+
+def log_src(src, heading="checked program was")
+  src = src.split(/^/)
+  fmt = "%#{src.size.to_s.size}d: %s"
+  Logging::message <<"EOM"
+#{heading}:
+/* begin */
+EOM
+  src.each_with_index {|line, no| Logging::message fmt, no+1, line}
+  Logging::message <<"EOM"
+/* end */
+
+EOM
+end
+
+def create_tmpsrc(src)
+  src = "#{COMMON_HEADERS}\n#{src}"
+  src = yield(src) if block_given?
+  src.gsub!(/[ \t]+$/, '')
+  src.gsub!(/\A\n+|^\n+$/, '')
+  src.sub!(/[^\n]\z/, "\\&\n")
+  count = 0
+  begin
+    open(CONFTEST_C, "wb") do |cfile|
+      cfile.print src
+    end
+  rescue Errno::EACCES
+    if (count += 1) < 5
+      sleep 0.2
+      retry
+    end
+  end
+  src
+end
+
+def have_devel?
+  unless defined? $have_devel
+    $have_devel = true
+    $have_devel = try_link(MAIN_DOES_NOTHING)
+  end
+  $have_devel
+end
+
+def try_do(src, command, *opts, &b)
+  unless have_devel?
+    raise <<MSG
+The compiler failed to generate an executable file.
+You have to install development tools first.
+MSG
+  end
+  begin
+    src = create_tmpsrc(src, &b)
+    xsystem(command, *opts)
+  ensure
+    log_src(src)
+    rm_rf 'conftest.dSYM'
+  end
+end
+
+def link_command(ldflags, opt="", libpath=$DEFLIBPATH|$LIBPATH)
+  librubyarg = $extmk ? $LIBRUBYARG_STATIC : "$(LIBRUBYARG)"
+  conf = RbConfig::CONFIG.merge('hdrdir' => $hdrdir.quote,
+                                'src' => "#{CONFTEST_C}",
+                                'arch_hdrdir' => $arch_hdrdir.quote,
+                                'top_srcdir' => $top_srcdir.quote,
+                                'INCFLAGS' => "#$INCFLAGS",
+                                'CPPFLAGS' => "#$CPPFLAGS",
+                                'CFLAGS' => "#$CFLAGS",
+                                'ARCH_FLAG' => "#$ARCH_FLAG",
+                                'LDFLAGS' => "#$LDFLAGS #{ldflags}",
+                                'LOCAL_LIBS' => "#$LOCAL_LIBS #$libs",
+                                'LIBS' => "#{librubyarg} #{opt} #$LIBS")
+  conf['LIBPATH'] = libpathflag(libpath.map {|s| RbConfig::expand(s.dup, conf)})
+  RbConfig::expand(TRY_LINK.dup, conf)
+end
+
+def cc_command(opt="")
+  conf = RbConfig::CONFIG.merge('hdrdir' => $hdrdir.quote, 'srcdir' => $srcdir.quote,
+                                'arch_hdrdir' => $arch_hdrdir.quote,
+                                'top_srcdir' => $top_srcdir.quote)
+  RbConfig::expand("$(CC) #$INCFLAGS #$CPPFLAGS #$CFLAGS #$ARCH_FLAG #{opt} -c #{CONFTEST_C}",
+                   conf)
+end
+
+def cpp_command(outfile, opt="")
+  conf = RbConfig::CONFIG.merge('hdrdir' => $hdrdir.quote, 'srcdir' => $srcdir.quote,
+                                'arch_hdrdir' => $arch_hdrdir.quote,
+                                'top_srcdir' => $top_srcdir.quote)
+  RbConfig::expand("$(CPP) #$INCFLAGS #$CPPFLAGS #$CFLAGS #{opt} #{CONFTEST_C} #{outfile}",
+                   conf)
+end
+
+def libpathflag(libpath=$DEFLIBPATH|$LIBPATH)
+  libpath.map{|x|
+    case x
+    when "$(topdir)", /\A\./
+      LIBPATHFLAG
+    else
+      LIBPATHFLAG+RPATHFLAG
+    end % x.quote
+  }.join
+end
+
+def with_werror(opt, opts = nil)
+  if opts
+    if opts[:werror] and config_string("WERRORFLAG") {|flag| opt = opt ? "#{opt} #{flag}" : flag}
+      (opts = opts.dup).delete(:werror)
+    end
+    yield(opt, opts)
+  else
+    yield(opt)
+  end
+end
+
+# :nodoc:
+def try_link0(src, opt="", *opts, &b)
+  cmd = link_command("", opt)
+  if $universal
+    require 'tmpdir'
+    Dir.mktmpdir("mkmf_", oldtmpdir = ENV["TMPDIR"]) do |tmpdir|
+      begin
+        ENV["TMPDIR"] = tmpdir
+        try_do(src, cmd, *opts, &b)
+      ensure
+        ENV["TMPDIR"] = oldtmpdir
+      end
+    end
+  else
+    try_do(src, cmd, *opts, &b)
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the +src+ can be compiled as a C source and
+# linked with its depending libraries successfully.
+# +opt+ is passed to the linker as options. Note that +$CFLAGS+ and +$LDFLAGS+
+# are also passed to the linker.
+#
+# If a block given, it is called with the source before compilation. You can
+# modify the source in the block.
+#
+# [+src+] a String which contains a C source
+# [+opt+] a String which contains linker options
+def try_link(src, opt="", *opts, &b)
+  try_link0(src, opt, *opts, &b)
+ensure
+  rm_f "conftest*", "c0x32*"
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the +src+ can be compiled as a C source.
+# +opt+ is passed to the C compiler as options. Note that +$CFLAGS+ is
+# also passed to the compiler.
+#
+# If a block given, it is called with the source before compilation. You can
+# modify the source in the block.
+#
+# [+src+] a String which contains a C source
+# [+opt+] a String which contains compiler options
+def try_compile(src, opt="", *opts, &b)
+  with_werror(opt, *opts) {|_opt, *_opts| try_do(src, cc_command(_opt), *_opts, &b)}
+ensure
+  rm_f "conftest*"
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the +src+ can be preprocessed with the C preprocessor.
+# +opt+ is passed to the preprocessor as options. Note that +$CFLAGS+ is
+# also passed to the preprocessor.
+#
+# If a block given, it is called with the source before preprocessing. You can
+# modify the source in the block.
+#
+# [+src+] a String which contains a C source
+# [+opt+] a String which contains preprocessor options
+def try_cpp(src, opt="", *opts, &b)
+  try_do(src, cpp_command(CPPOUTFILE, opt), *opts, &b)
+ensure
+  rm_f "conftest*"
+end
+
+class Object
+  alias_method :try_header, (config_string('try_header') || :try_cpp)
+end
+
+def cpp_include(header)
+  if header
+    header = [header] unless header.kind_of? Array
+    header.map {|h| String === h ? "#include <#{h}>\n" : h}.join
+  else
+    ""
+  end
+end
+
+def with_cppflags(flags)
+  cppflags = $CPPFLAGS
+  $CPPFLAGS = flags
+  ret = yield
+ensure
+  $CPPFLAGS = cppflags unless ret
+end
+
+def with_cflags(flags)
+  cflags = $CFLAGS
+  $CFLAGS = flags
+  ret = yield
+ensure
+  $CFLAGS = cflags unless ret
+end
+
+def with_ldflags(flags)
+  ldflags = $LDFLAGS
+  $LDFLAGS = flags
+  ret = yield
+ensure
+  $LDFLAGS = ldflags unless ret
+end
+
+def try_static_assert(expr, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
+  headers = cpp_include(headers)
+  try_compile(<<SRC, opt, &b)
+#{headers}
+/*top*/
+int conftest_const[(#{expr}) ? 1 : -1];
+SRC
+end
+
+def try_constant(const, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
+  includes = cpp_include(headers)
+  if CROSS_COMPILING
+    if try_static_assert("#{const} > 0", headers, opt)
+      # positive constant
+    elsif try_static_assert("#{const} < 0", headers, opt)
+      neg = true
+      const = "-(#{const})"
+    elsif try_static_assert("#{const} == 0", headers, opt)
+      return 0
+    else
+      # not a constant
+      return nil
+    end
+    upper = 1
+    lower = 0
+    until try_static_assert("#{const} <= #{upper}", headers, opt)
+      lower = upper
+      upper <<= 1
+    end
+    return nil unless lower
+    while upper > lower + 1
+      mid = (upper + lower) / 2
+      if try_static_assert("#{const} > #{mid}", headers, opt)
+        lower = mid
+      else
+        upper = mid
+      end
+    end
+    upper = -upper if neg
+    return upper
+  else
+    src = %{#{includes}
+#include <stdio.h>
+/*top*/
+int conftest_const = (int)(#{const});
+int main() {printf("%d\\n", conftest_const); return 0;}
+}
+    if try_link0(src, opt, &b)
+      xpopen("./conftest") do |f|
+        return Integer(f.gets)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  nil
+end
+
+# You should use +have_func+ rather than +try_func+.
+#
+# [+func+] a String which contains a symbol name
+# [+libs+] a String which contains library names.
+# [+headers+] a String or an Array of strings which contains
+#             names of header files.
+def try_func(func, libs, headers = nil, &b)
+  headers = cpp_include(headers)
+  case func
+  when /^&/
+    decltype = proc {|x|"const volatile void *#{x}"}
+  else
+    call = true
+    decltype = proc {|x| "void ((*#{x})())"}
+  end
+  try_link(<<"SRC", libs, &b) or
+#{headers}
+/*top*/
+#{MAIN_DOES_NOTHING}
+int t() { #{decltype["volatile p"]}; p = (#{decltype[]})#{func}; return 0; }
+SRC
+  call && try_link(<<"SRC", libs, &b)
+#{headers}
+/*top*/
+#{MAIN_DOES_NOTHING}
+int t() { #{func}(); return 0; }
+SRC
+end
+
+# You should use +have_var+ rather than +try_var+.
+def try_var(var, headers = nil, &b)
+  headers = cpp_include(headers)
+  try_compile(<<"SRC", &b)
+#{headers}
+/*top*/
+#{MAIN_DOES_NOTHING}
+int t() { const volatile void *volatile p; p = &(&#{var})[0]; return 0; }
+SRC
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the +src+ can be preprocessed with the C preprocessor and
+# matches with +pat+.
+#
+# If a block given, it is called with the source before compilation. You can
+# modify the source in the block.
+#
+# [+pat+] a Regexp or a String
+# [+src+] a String which contains a C source
+# [+opt+] a String which contains preprocessor options
+#
+# Note:
+#   When pat is a Regexp the matching will be checked in process,
+#   otherwise egrep(1) will be invoked to check it.
+def egrep_cpp(pat, src, opt = "", &b)
+  src = create_tmpsrc(src, &b)
+  xpopen(cpp_command('', opt)) do |f|
+    if Regexp === pat
+      puts("    ruby -ne 'print if #{pat.inspect}'")
+      f.grep(pat) {|l|
+        puts "#{f.lineno}: #{l}"
+        return true
+      }
+      false
+    else
+      puts("    egrep '#{pat}'")
+      begin
+        stdin = $stdin.dup
+        $stdin.reopen(f)
+        system("egrep", pat)
+      ensure
+        $stdin.reopen(stdin)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+ensure
+  rm_f "conftest*"
+  log_src(src)
+end
+
+# This is used internally by the have_macro? method.
+def macro_defined?(macro, src, opt = "", &b)
+  src = src.sub(/[^\n]\z/, "\\&\n")
+  try_compile(src + <<"SRC", opt, &b)
+/*top*/
+#ifndef #{macro}
+# error
+>>>>>> #{macro} undefined <<<<<<
+#endif
+SRC
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not
+# * the +src+ can be compiled as a C source,
+# * the result object can be linked with its depending libraries successfully,
+# * the linked file can be invoked as an executable
+# * and the executable exits successfully
+# +opt+ is passed to the linker as options. Note that +$CFLAGS+ and +$LDFLAGS+
+# are also passed to the linker.
+#
+# If a block given, it is called with the source before compilation. You can
+# modify the source in the block.
+#
+# [+src+] a String which contains a C source
+# [+opt+] a String which contains linker options
+#
+# @return true when the executable exits successfully, false when it fails, or
+#         nil when preprocessing, compilation or link fails.
+def try_run(src, opt = "", &b)
+  if try_link0(src, opt, &b)
+    xsystem("./conftest")
+  else
+    nil
+  end
+ensure
+  rm_f "conftest*"
+end
+
+def install_files(mfile, ifiles, map = nil, srcprefix = nil)
+  ifiles or return
+  ifiles.empty? and return
+  srcprefix ||= "$(srcdir)/#{srcprefix}".chomp('/')
+  RbConfig::expand(srcdir = srcprefix.dup)
+  dirs = []
+  path = Hash.new {|h, i| h[i] = dirs.push([i])[-1]}
+  ifiles.each do |files, dir, prefix|
+    dir = map_dir(dir, map)
+    prefix &&= %r|\A#{Regexp.quote(prefix)}/?|
+    if /\A\.\// =~ files
+      # install files which are in current working directory.
+      files = files[2..-1]
+      len = nil
+    else
+      # install files which are under the $(srcdir).
+      files = File.join(srcdir, files)
+      len = srcdir.size
+    end
+    f = nil
+    Dir.glob(files) do |fx|
+      f = fx
+      f[0..len] = "" if len
+      case File.basename(f)
+      when *$NONINSTALLFILES
+        next
+      end
+      d = File.dirname(f)
+      d.sub!(prefix, "") if prefix
+      d = (d.empty? || d == ".") ? dir : File.join(dir, d)
+      f = File.join(srcprefix, f) if len
+      path[d] << f
+    end
+    unless len or f
+      d = File.dirname(files)
+      d.sub!(prefix, "") if prefix
+      d = (d.empty? || d == ".") ? dir : File.join(dir, d)
+      path[d] << files
+    end
+  end
+  dirs
+end
+
+def install_rb(mfile, dest, srcdir = nil)
+  install_files(mfile, [["lib/**/*.rb", dest, "lib"]], nil, srcdir)
+end
+
+def append_library(libs, lib) # :no-doc:
+  format(LIBARG, lib) + " " + libs
+end
+
+def message(*s)
+  unless Logging.quiet and not $VERBOSE
+    printf(*s)
+    $stdout.flush
+  end
+end
+
+# This emits a string to stdout that allows users to see the results of the
+# various have* and find* methods as they are tested.
+#
+# Internal use only.
+#
+def checking_for(m, fmt = nil)
+  f = caller[0][/in `([^<].*)'$/, 1] and f << ": " #` for vim #'
+  m = "checking #{/\Acheck/ =~ f ? '' : 'for '}#{m}... "
+  message "%s", m
+  a = r = nil
+  Logging::postpone do
+    r = yield
+    a = (fmt ? fmt % r : r ? "yes" : "no") << "\n"
+    "#{f}#{m}-------------------- #{a}\n"
+  end
+  message(a)
+  Logging::message "--------------------\n\n"
+  r
+end
+
+def checking_message(target, place = nil, opt = nil)
+  [["in", place], ["with", opt]].inject("#{target}") do |msg, (pre, noun)|
+    if noun
+      [[:to_str], [:join, ","], [:to_s]].each do |meth, *args|
+        if noun.respond_to?(meth)
+          break noun = noun.send(meth, *args)
+        end
+      end
+      msg << " #{pre} #{noun}" unless noun.empty?
+    end
+    msg
+  end
+end
+
+# :startdoc:
+
+# Returns whether or not +macro+ is defined either in the common header
+# files or within any +headers+ you provide.
+#
+# Any options you pass to +opt+ are passed along to the compiler.
+#
+def have_macro(macro, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
+  checking_for checking_message(macro, headers, opt) do
+    macro_defined?(macro, cpp_include(headers), opt, &b)
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the given entry point +func+ can be found within
+# +lib+.  If +func+ is nil, the 'main()' entry point is used by default.
+# If found, it adds the library to list of libraries to be used when linking
+# your extension.
+#
+# If +headers+ are provided, it will include those header files as the
+# header files it looks in when searching for +func+.
+#
+# The real name of the library to be linked can be altered by
+# '--with-FOOlib' configuration option.
+#
+def have_library(lib, func = nil, headers = nil, &b)
+  func = "main" if !func or func.empty?
+  lib = with_config(lib+'lib', lib)
+  checking_for checking_message("#{func}()", LIBARG%lib) do
+    if COMMON_LIBS.include?(lib)
+      true
+    else
+      libs = append_library($libs, lib)
+      if try_func(func, libs, headers, &b)
+        $libs = libs
+        true
+      else
+        false
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the entry point +func+ can be found within the library
+# +lib+ in one of the +paths+ specified, where +paths+ is an array of strings.
+# If +func+ is nil , then the main() function is used as the entry point.
+#
+# If +lib+ is found, then the path it was found on is added to the list of
+# library paths searched and linked against.
+#
+def find_library(lib, func, *paths, &b)
+  func = "main" if !func or func.empty?
+  lib = with_config(lib+'lib', lib)
+  paths = paths.collect {|path| path.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)}.flatten
+  checking_for "#{func}() in #{LIBARG%lib}" do
+    libpath = $LIBPATH
+    libs = append_library($libs, lib)
+    begin
+      until r = try_func(func, libs, &b) or paths.empty?
+        $LIBPATH = libpath | [paths.shift]
+      end
+      if r
+        $libs = libs
+        libpath = nil
+      end
+    ensure
+      $LIBPATH = libpath if libpath
+    end
+    r
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the function +func+ can be found in the common
+# header files, or within any +headers+ that you provide.  If found, a
+# macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using the
+# function name, in uppercase, prepended with 'HAVE_'.
+#
+# For example, if have_func('foo') returned true, then the HAVE_FOO
+# preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.
+#
+def have_func(func, headers = nil, &b)
+  checking_for checking_message("#{func}()", headers) do
+    if try_func(func, $libs, headers, &b)
+      $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_%s", func.tr_cpp))
+      true
+    else
+      false
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the variable +var+ can be found in the common
+# header files, or within any +headers+ that you provide.  If found, a
+# macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using the
+# variable name, in uppercase, prepended with 'HAVE_'.
+#
+# For example, if have_var('foo') returned true, then the HAVE_FOO
+# preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.
+#
+def have_var(var, headers = nil, &b)
+  checking_for checking_message(var, headers) do
+    if try_var(var, headers, &b)
+      $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_%s", var.tr_cpp))
+      true
+    else
+      false
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the given +header+ file can be found on your system.
+# If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using
+# the header file name, in uppercase, prepended with 'HAVE_'.
+#
+# For example, if have_header('foo.h') returned true, then the HAVE_FOO_H
+# preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.
+#
+def have_header(header, preheaders = nil, &b)
+  checking_for header do
+    if try_header(cpp_include(preheaders)+cpp_include(header), &b)
+      $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_%s", header.tr_cpp))
+      true
+    else
+      false
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the given +framework+ can be found on your system.
+# If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using
+# the framework name, in uppercase, prepended with 'HAVE_FRAMEWORK_'.
+#
+# For example, if have_framework('Ruby') returned true, then the HAVE_FRAMEWORK_RUBY
+# preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.
+#
+def have_framework(fw, &b)
+  checking_for fw do
+    src = cpp_include("#{fw}/#{fw}.h") << "\n" "int main(void){return 0;}"
+    if try_link(src, opt = "-framework #{fw}", &b)
+      $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_FRAMEWORK_%s", fw.tr_cpp))
+      $LDFLAGS << " " << opt
+      true
+    else
+      false
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# Instructs mkmf to search for the given +header+ in any of the +paths+
+# provided, and returns whether or not it was found in those paths.
+#
+# If the header is found then the path it was found on is added to the list
+# of included directories that are sent to the compiler (via the -I switch).
+#
+def find_header(header, *paths)
+  message = checking_message(header, paths)
+  header = cpp_include(header)
+  checking_for message do
+    if try_header(header)
+      true
+    else
+      found = false
+      paths.each do |dir|
+        opt = "-I#{dir}".quote
+        if try_header(header, opt)
+          $INCFLAGS << " " << opt
+          found = true
+          break
+        end
+      end
+      found
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the struct of type +type+ contains +member+.  If
+# it does not, or the struct type can't be found, then false is returned.  You
+# may optionally specify additional +headers+ in which to look for the struct
+# (in addition to the common header files).
+#
+# If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using
+# the type name and the member name, in uppercase, prepended with 'HAVE_'.
+#
+# For example, if have_struct_member('struct foo', 'bar') returned true, then the
+# HAVE_STRUCT_FOO_BAR preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.
+#
+# HAVE_ST_BAR is also defined for backward compatibility.
+#
+def have_struct_member(type, member, headers = nil, &b)
+  checking_for checking_message("#{type}.#{member}", headers) do
+    if try_compile(<<"SRC", &b)
+#{cpp_include(headers)}
+/*top*/
+#{MAIN_DOES_NOTHING}
+int s = (char *)&((#{type}*)0)->#{member} - (char *)0;
+SRC
+      $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_%s_%s", type.tr_cpp, member.tr_cpp))
+      $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_ST_%s", member.tr_cpp)) # backward compatibility
+      true
+    else
+      false
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the static type +type+ is defined.
+#
+# See also +have_type+
+#
+def try_type(type, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
+  if try_compile(<<"SRC", opt, &b)
+#{cpp_include(headers)}
+/*top*/
+typedef #{type} conftest_type;
+int conftestval[sizeof(conftest_type)?1:-1];
+SRC
+    $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_TYPE_%s", type.tr_cpp))
+    true
+  else
+    false
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the static type +type+ is defined.  You may
+# optionally pass additional +headers+ to check against in addition to the
+# common header files.
+#
+# You may also pass additional flags to +opt+ which are then passed along to
+# the compiler.
+#
+# If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using
+# the type name, in uppercase, prepended with 'HAVE_TYPE_'.
+#
+# For example, if have_type('foo') returned true, then the HAVE_TYPE_FOO
+# preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.
+#
+def have_type(type, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
+  checking_for checking_message(type, headers, opt) do
+    try_type(type, headers, opt, &b)
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns where the static type +type+ is defined.
+#
+# You may also pass additional flags to +opt+ which are then passed along to
+# the compiler.
+#
+# See also +have_type+.
+#
+def find_type(type, opt, *headers, &b)
+  opt ||= ""
+  fmt = "not found"
+  def fmt.%(x)
+    x ? x.respond_to?(:join) ? x.join(",") : x : self
+  end
+  checking_for checking_message(type, nil, opt), fmt do
+    headers.find do |h|
+      try_type(type, h, opt, &b)
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the Constant +const+ is defined.
+#
+# See also +have_const+
+#
+def try_const(const, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
+  const, type = *const
+  if try_compile(<<"SRC", opt, &b)
+#{cpp_include(headers)}
+/*top*/
+typedef #{type || 'int'} conftest_type;
+conftest_type conftestval = #{type ? '' : '(int)'}#{const};
+SRC
+    $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_CONST_%s", const.tr_cpp))
+    true
+  else
+    false
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns whether or not the constant +const+ is defined.  You may
+# optionally pass the +type+ of +const+ as <code>[const, type]</code>,
+# like as:
+#
+#   have_const(%w[PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER pthread_mutex_t], "pthread.h")
+#
+# You may also pass additional +headers+ to check against in addition
+# to the common header files, and additional flags to +opt+ which are
+# then passed along to the compiler.
+#
+# If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using
+# the type name, in uppercase, prepended with 'HAVE_CONST_'.
+#
+# For example, if have_const('foo') returned true, then the HAVE_CONST_FOO
+# preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.
+#
+def have_const(const, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
+  checking_for checking_message([*const].compact.join(' '), headers, opt) do
+    try_const(const, headers, opt, &b)
+  end
+end
+
+STRING_OR_FAILED_FORMAT = "%s"
+# :stopdoc:
+def STRING_OR_FAILED_FORMAT.%(x)
+  x ? super : "failed"
+end
+
+def typedef_expr(type, headers)
+  typename, member = type.split('.', 2)
+  prelude = cpp_include(headers).split(/$/)
+  prelude << "typedef #{typename} rbcv_typedef_;\n"
+  return "rbcv_typedef_", member, prelude
+end
+
+def try_signedness(type, member, headers = nil, opts = nil, &b)
+  raise ArgumentError, "don't know how to tell signedness of members" if member
+  if try_static_assert("(#{type})-1 < 0", headers, opts)
+    return -1
+  elsif try_static_assert("(#{type})-1 > 0", headers, opts)
+    return +1
+  end
+end
+
+# :startdoc:
+
+# Returns the size of the given +type+.  You may optionally specify additional
+# +headers+ to search in for the +type+.
+#
+# If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using
+# the type name, in uppercase, prepended with 'SIZEOF_', followed by the type
+# name, followed by '=X' where 'X' is the actual size.
+#
+# For example, if check_sizeof('mystruct') returned 12, then the
+# SIZEOF_MYSTRUCT=12 preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.
+#
+def check_sizeof(type, headers = nil, opts = "", &b)
+  typedef, member, prelude = typedef_expr(type, headers)
+  prelude << "static #{typedef} *rbcv_ptr_;\n"
+  prelude = [prelude]
+  expr = "sizeof((*rbcv_ptr_)#{"." << member if member})"
+  fmt = STRING_OR_FAILED_FORMAT
+  checking_for checking_message("size of #{type}", headers), fmt do
+    if size = try_constant(expr, prelude, opts, &b)
+      $defs.push(format("-DSIZEOF_%s=%s", type.tr_cpp, size))
+      size
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# Returns the signedness of the given +type+.  You may optionally
+# specify additional +headers+ to search in for the +type+.
+#
+# If the +type+ is found and is a numeric type, a macro is passed as a
+# preprocessor constant to the compiler using the +type+ name, in
+# uppercase, prepended with 'SIGNEDNESS_OF_', followed by the +type+
+# name, followed by '=X' where 'X' is positive integer if the +type+ is
+# unsigned, or negative integer if the +type+ is signed.
+#
+# For example, if size_t is defined as unsigned, then
+# check_signedness('size_t') would returned +1 and the
+# SIGNEDNESS_OF_SIZE_T=+1 preprocessor macro would be passed to the
+# compiler, and SIGNEDNESS_OF_INT=-1 if check_signedness('int') is
+# done.
+#
+def check_signedness(type, headers = nil, opts = nil, &b)
+  typedef, member, prelude = typedef_expr(type, headers)
+  signed = nil
+  checking_for("signedness of #{type}", STRING_OR_FAILED_FORMAT) do
+    signed = try_signedness(typedef, member, [prelude], opts, &b) or next nil
+    $defs.push("-DSIGNEDNESS_OF_%s=%+d" % [type.tr_cpp, signed])
+    signed < 0 ? "signed" : "unsigned"
+  end
+  signed
+end
+
+# Returns the convertible integer type of the given +type+.  You may
+# optionally specify additional +headers+ to search in for the +type+.
+# _Convertible_ means actually same type, or typedefed from same type.
+#
+# If the +type+ is a integer type and _convertible_ type is found,
+# following macros are passed as preprocessor constants to the
+# compiler using the +type+ name, in uppercase.
+#
+# * 'TYPEOF_', followed by the +type+ name, followed by '=X' where 'X'
+#   is the found _convertible_ type name.  * 'TYP2NUM' and 'NUM2TYP,
+#   where 'TYP' is the +type+ name in uppercase with replacing '_t'
+#   suffix with 'T', followed by '=X' where 'X' is the macro name to
+#   convert +type+ to +Integer+ object, and vice versa.
+#
+# For example, if foobar_t is defined as unsigned long, then
+# convertible_int("foobar_t") would return "unsigned long", and define
+# macros:
+#
+#   #define TYPEOF_FOOBAR_T unsigned long
+#   #define FOOBART2NUM ULONG2NUM
+#   #define NUM2FOOBART NUM2ULONG
+def convertible_int(type, headers = nil, opts = nil, &b)
+  type, macname = *type
+  checking_for("convertible type of #{type}", STRING_OR_FAILED_FORMAT) do
+    if UNIVERSAL_INTS.include?(type)
+      type
+    else
+      typedef, member, prelude = typedef_expr(type, headers, &b)
+      next unless signed = try_signedness(typedef, member, [prelude])
+      u = "unsigned " if signed > 0
+      prelude << "extern rbcv_typedef_ foo();"
+      compat = UNIVERSAL_INTS.find {|t|
+        try_compile([prelude, "extern #{u}#{t} foo();"].join("\n"), opts, :werror=>true, &b)
+      }
+      if compat
+        macname ||= type.sub(/_(?=t\z)/, '').tr_cpp
+        conv = (compat == "long long" ? "LL" : compat.upcase)
+        compat = "#{u}#{compat}"
+        $defs.push(format("-DTYPEOF_%s=%s", type.tr_cpp, compat.quote))
+        $defs.push(format("-DPRI_%s_PREFIX=PRI_%s_PREFIX", macname, conv))
+        conv = (u ? "U" : "") + conv
+        $defs.push(format("-D%s2NUM=%s2NUM", macname, conv))
+        $defs.push(format("-DNUM2%s=NUM2%s", macname, conv))
+        compat
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+# :stopdoc:
+
+# Used internally by the what_type? method to determine if +type+ is a scalar
+# pointer.
+def scalar_ptr_type?(type, member = nil, headers = nil, &b)
+  try_compile(<<"SRC", &b)   # pointer
+#{cpp_include(headers)}
+/*top*/
+volatile #{type} conftestval;
+#{MAIN_DOES_NOTHING}
+int t() {return (int)(1-*(conftestval#{member ? ".#{member}" : ""}));}
+SRC
+end
+
+# Used internally by the what_type? method to determine if +type+ is a scalar
+# pointer.
+def scalar_type?(type, member = nil, headers = nil, &b)
+  try_compile(<<"SRC", &b)   # pointer
+#{cpp_include(headers)}
+/*top*/
+volatile #{type} conftestval;
+#{MAIN_DOES_NOTHING}
+int t() {return (int)(1-(conftestval#{member ? ".#{member}" : ""}));}
+SRC
+end
+
+# Used internally by the what_type? method to check if _typeof_ GCC
+# extension is available.
+def have_typeof?
+  return $typeof if defined?($typeof)
+  $typeof = %w[__typeof__ typeof].find do |t|
+    try_compile(<<SRC)
+int rbcv_foo;
+#{t}(rbcv_foo) rbcv_bar;
+SRC
+  end
+end
+
+def what_type?(type, member = nil, headers = nil, &b)
+  m = "#{type}"
+  var = val = "*rbcv_var_"
+  func = "rbcv_func_(void)"
+  if member
+    m << "." << member
+  else
+    type, member = type.split('.', 2)
+  end
+  if member
+    val = "(#{var}).#{member}"
+  end
+  prelude = [cpp_include(headers).split(/^/)]
+  prelude << ["typedef #{type} rbcv_typedef_;\n",
+              "extern rbcv_typedef_ *#{func};\n",
+              "static rbcv_typedef_ #{var};\n",
+             ]
+  type = "rbcv_typedef_"
+  fmt = member && !(typeof = have_typeof?) ? "seems %s" : "%s"
+  if typeof
+    var = "*rbcv_member_"
+    func = "rbcv_mem_func_(void)"
+    member = nil
+    type = "rbcv_mem_typedef_"
+    prelude[-1] << "typedef #{typeof}(#{val}) #{type};\n"
+    prelude[-1] << "extern #{type} *#{func};\n"
+    prelude[-1] << "static #{type} #{var};\n"
+    val = var
+  end
+  def fmt.%(x)
+    x ? super : "unknown"
+  end
+  checking_for checking_message(m, headers), fmt do
+    if scalar_ptr_type?(type, member, prelude, &b)
+      if try_static_assert("sizeof(*#{var}) == 1", prelude)
+        return "string"
+      end
+      ptr = "*"
+    elsif scalar_type?(type, member, prelude, &b)
+      unless member and !typeof or try_static_assert("(#{type})-1 < 0", prelude)
+        unsigned = "unsigned"
+      end
+      ptr = ""
+    else
+      next
+    end
+    type = UNIVERSAL_INTS.find do |t|
+      pre = prelude
+      unless member
+        pre += [["static #{unsigned} #{t} #{ptr}#{var};\n",
+                 "extern #{unsigned} #{t} #{ptr}*#{func};\n"]]
+      end
+      try_static_assert("sizeof(#{ptr}#{val}) == sizeof(#{unsigned} #{t})", pre)
+    end
+    type or next
+    [unsigned, type, ptr].join(" ").strip
+  end
+end
+
+# This method is used internally by the find_executable method.
+#
+# Internal use only.
+#
+def find_executable0(bin, path = nil)
+  executable_file = proc do |name|
+    begin
+      stat = File.stat(name)
+    rescue SystemCallError
+    else
+      next name if stat.file? and stat.executable?
+    end
+  end
+
+  exts = config_string('EXECUTABLE_EXTS') {|s| s.split} || config_string('EXEEXT') {|s| [s]}
+  if File.expand_path(bin) == bin
+    return bin if executable_file.call(bin)
+    if exts
+      exts.each {|ext| executable_file.call(file = bin + ext) and return file}
+    end
+    return nil
+  end
+  if path ||= ENV['PATH']
+    path = path.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
+  else
+    path = %w[/usr/local/bin /usr/ucb /usr/bin /bin]
+  end
+  file = nil
+  path.each do |dir|
+    return file if executable_file.call(file = File.join(dir, bin))
+    if exts
+      exts.each {|ext| executable_file.call(ext = file + ext) and return ext}
+    end
+  end
+  nil
+end
+
+# :startdoc:
+
+# Searches for the executable +bin+ on +path+. The default path is your
+# PATH environment variable. If that isn't defined, it will resort to
+# searching /usr/local/bin, /usr/ucb, /usr/bin and /bin.
+#
+# If found, it will return the full path, including the executable name,
+# of where it was found.
+#
+# Note that this method does not actually affect the generated Makefile.
+#
+def find_executable(bin, path = nil)
+  checking_for checking_message(bin, path) do
+    find_executable0(bin, path)
+  end
+end
+
+# :stopdoc:
+
+def arg_config(config, default=nil, &block)
+  $arg_config << [config, default]
+  defaults = []
+  if default
+    defaults << default
+  elsif !block
+    defaults << nil
+  end
+  $configure_args.fetch(config.tr('_', '-'), *defaults, &block)
+end
+
+# :startdoc:
+
+# Tests for the presence of a --with-<tt>config</tt> or --without-<tt>config</tt>
+# option. Returns true if the with option is given, false if the without
+# option is given, and the default value otherwise.
+#
+# This can be useful for adding custom definitions, such as debug information.
+#
+# Example:
+#
+#    if with_config("debug")
+#       $defs.push("-DOSSL_DEBUG") unless $defs.include? "-DOSSL_DEBUG"
+#    end
+#
+def with_config(config, default=nil)
+  config = config.sub(/^--with[-_]/, '')
+  val = arg_config("--with-"+config) do
+    if arg_config("--without-"+config)
+      false
+    elsif block_given?
+      yield(config, default)
+    else
+      break default
+    end
+  end
+  case val
+  when "yes"
+    true
+  when "no"
+    false
+  else
+    val
+  end
+end
+
+# Tests for the presence of an --enable-<tt>config</tt> or
+# --disable-<tt>config</tt> option. Returns true if the enable option is given,
+# false if the disable option is given, and the default value otherwise.
+#
+# This can be useful for adding custom definitions, such as debug information.
+#
+# Example:
+#
+#    if enable_config("debug")
+#       $defs.push("-DOSSL_DEBUG") unless $defs.include? "-DOSSL_DEBUG"
+#    end
+#
+def enable_config(config, default=nil)
+  if arg_config("--enable-"+config)
+    true
+  elsif arg_config("--disable-"+config)
+    false
+  elsif block_given?
+    yield(config, default)
+  else
+    return default
+  end
+end
+
+# Generates a header file consisting of the various macro definitions generated
+# by other methods such as have_func and have_header. These are then wrapped in
+# a custom #ifndef based on the +header+ file name, which defaults to
+# 'extconf.h'.
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#    # extconf.rb
+#    require 'mkmf'
+#    have_func('realpath')
+#    have_header('sys/utime.h')
+#    create_header
+#    create_makefile('foo')
+#
+# The above script would generate the following extconf.h file:
+#
+#    #ifndef EXTCONF_H
+#    #define EXTCONF_H
+#    #define HAVE_REALPATH 1
+#    #define HAVE_SYS_UTIME_H 1
+#    #endif
+#
+# Given that the create_header method generates a file based on definitions
+# set earlier in your extconf.rb file, you will probably want to make this
+# one of the last methods you call in your script.
+#
+def create_header(header = "extconf.h")
+  message "creating %s\n", header
+  sym = header.tr_cpp
+  hdr = ["#ifndef #{sym}\n#define #{sym}\n"]
+  for line in $defs
+    case line
+    when /^-D([^=]+)(?:=(.*))?/
+      hdr << "#define #$1 #{$2 ? Shellwords.shellwords($2)[0].gsub(/(?=\t+)/, "\\\n") : 1}\n"
+    when /^-U(.*)/
+      hdr << "#undef #$1\n"
+    end
+  end
+  hdr << "#endif\n"
+  hdr = hdr.join
+  log_src(hdr, "#{header} is")
+  unless (IO.read(header) == hdr rescue false)
+    open(header, "wb") do |hfile|
+      hfile.write(hdr)
+    end
+  end
+  $extconf_h = header
+end
+
+# Sets a +target+ name that the user can then use to configure various 'with'
+# options with on the command line by using that name.  For example, if the
+# target is set to "foo", then the user could use the --with-foo-dir command
+# line option.
+#
+# You may pass along additional 'include' or 'lib' defaults via the +idefault+
+# and +ldefault+ parameters, respectively.
+#
+# Note that dir_config only adds to the list of places to search for libraries
+# and include files.  It does not link the libraries into your application.
+#
+def dir_config(target, idefault=nil, ldefault=nil)
+  if dir = with_config(target + "-dir", (idefault unless ldefault))
+    defaults = Array === dir ? dir : dir.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
+    idefault = ldefault = nil
+  end
+
+  idir = with_config(target + "-include", idefault)
+  $arg_config.last[1] ||= "${#{target}-dir}/include"
+  ldir = with_config(target + "-lib", ldefault)
+  $arg_config.last[1] ||= "${#{target}-dir}/lib"
+
+  idirs = idir ? Array === idir ? idir.dup : idir.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) : []
+  if defaults
+    idirs.concat(defaults.collect {|d| d + "/include"})
+    idir = ([idir] + idirs).compact.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
+  end
+  unless idirs.empty?
+    idirs.collect! {|d| "-I" + d}
+    idirs -= Shellwords.shellwords($CPPFLAGS)
+    unless idirs.empty?
+      $CPPFLAGS = (idirs.quote << $CPPFLAGS).join(" ")
+    end
+  end
+
+  ldirs = ldir ? Array === ldir ? ldir.dup : ldir.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) : []
+  if defaults
+    ldirs.concat(defaults.collect {|d| d + "/lib"})
+    ldir = ([ldir] + ldirs).compact.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
+  end
+  $LIBPATH = ldirs | $LIBPATH
+
+  [idir, ldir]
+end
+
+# :stopdoc:
+
+# Handles meta information about installed libraries. Uses your platform's
+# pkg-config program if it has one.
+def pkg_config(pkg)
+  if pkgconfig = with_config("#{pkg}-config") and find_executable0(pkgconfig)
+    # iff package specific config command is given
+    get = proc {|opt| `#{pkgconfig} --#{opt}`.chomp}
+  elsif ($PKGCONFIG ||=
+         (pkgconfig = with_config("pkg-config", ("pkg-config" unless CROSS_COMPILING))) &&
+         find_executable0(pkgconfig) && pkgconfig) and
+      system("#{$PKGCONFIG} --exists #{pkg}")
+    # default to pkg-config command
+    get = proc {|opt| `#{$PKGCONFIG} --#{opt} #{pkg}`.chomp}
+  elsif find_executable0(pkgconfig = "#{pkg}-config")
+    # default to package specific config command, as a last resort.
+    get = proc {|opt| `#{pkgconfig} --#{opt}`.chomp}
+  end
+  if get
+    cflags = get['cflags']
+    ldflags = get['libs']
+    libs = get['libs-only-l']
+    ldflags = (Shellwords.shellwords(ldflags) - Shellwords.shellwords(libs)).quote.join(" ")
+    $CFLAGS += " " << cflags
+    $LDFLAGS += " " << ldflags
+    $libs += " " << libs
+    Logging::message "package configuration for %s\n", pkg
+    Logging::message "cflags: %s\nldflags: %s\nlibs: %s\n\n",
+                     cflags, ldflags, libs
+    [cflags, ldflags, libs]
+  else
+    Logging::message "package configuration for %s is not found\n", pkg
+    nil
+  end
+end
+
+def with_destdir(dir)
+  dir = dir.sub($dest_prefix_pattern, '')
+  /\A\$[\(\{]/ =~ dir ? dir : "$(DESTDIR)"+dir
+end
+
+# Converts forward slashes to backslashes. Aimed at MS Windows.
+#
+# Internal use only.
+#
+def winsep(s)
+  s.tr('/', '\\')
+end
+
+# Converts native path to format acceptable in Makefile
+#
+# Internal use only.
+#
+if !CROSS_COMPILING
+  case CONFIG['build_os']
+  when 'mingw32'
+    def mkintpath(path)
+      # mingw uses make from msys and it needs special care
+      # converts from C:\some\path to /C/some/path
+      path = path.dup
+      path.tr!('\\', '/')
+      path.sub!(/\A([A-Za-z]):(?=\/)/, '/\1')
+      path
+    end
+  end
+end
+unless defined?(mkintpath)
+  def mkintpath(path)
+    path
+  end
+end
+
+def configuration(srcdir)
+  mk = []
+  vpath = $VPATH.dup
+  if !CROSS_COMPILING
+    case CONFIG['build_os']
+    when 'cygwin'
+      if CONFIG['target_os'] != 'cygwin'
+        vpath = vpath.map {|p| p.sub(/.*/, '$(shell cygpath -u \&)')}
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  CONFIG["hdrdir"] ||= $hdrdir
+  mk << %{
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+
+# V=0 quiet, V=1 verbose.  other values don't work.
+V = 1
+Q1 = $(V:1=)
+Q = $(Q1:0=@)
+n=$(NULLCMD)
+ECHO1 = $(V:1=@$n)
+ECHO = $(ECHO1:0=@echo)
+
+#### Start of system configuration section. ####
+#{"top_srcdir = " + $top_srcdir.sub(%r"\A#{Regexp.quote($topdir)}/", "$(topdir)/") if $extmk}
+srcdir = #{srcdir.gsub(/\$\((srcdir)\)|\$\{(srcdir)\}/) {mkintpath(CONFIG[$1||$2])}.quote}
+topdir = #{mkintpath($extmk ? CONFIG["topdir"] : $topdir).quote}
+hdrdir = #{mkintpath(CONFIG["hdrdir"]).quote}
+arch_hdrdir = #{$arch_hdrdir.quote}
+VPATH = #{vpath.join(CONFIG['PATH_SEPARATOR'])}
+}
+  if $extmk
+    mk << "RUBYLIB =\n""RUBYOPT = -\n"
+  end
+  if destdir = CONFIG["prefix"][$dest_prefix_pattern, 1]
+    mk << "\nDESTDIR = #{destdir}\n"
+  end
+  CONFIG.each do |key, var|
+    next unless /prefix$/ =~ key
+    mk << "#{key} = #{with_destdir(var)}\n"
+  end
+  CONFIG.each do |key, var|
+    next if /^abs_/ =~ key
+    next if /^(?:src|top|hdr)dir$/ =~ key
+    next unless /dir$/ =~ key
+    mk << "#{key} = #{with_destdir(var)}\n"
+  end
+  if !$extmk and !$configure_args.has_key?('--ruby') and
+      sep = config_string('BUILD_FILE_SEPARATOR')
+    sep = ":/=#{sep}"
+  else
+    sep = ""
+  end
+  possible_command = (proc {|s| s if /top_srcdir/ !~ s} unless $extmk)
+  extconf_h = $extconf_h ? "-DRUBY_EXTCONF_H=\\\"$(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)\\\" " : $defs.join(" ") << " "
+  mk << %{
+NULLCMD = #{CONFIG['NULLCMD']}
+
+CC = #{CONFIG['CC']}
+CXX = #{CONFIG['CXX']}
+LIBRUBY = #{CONFIG['LIBRUBY']}
+LIBRUBY_A = #{CONFIG['LIBRUBY_A']}
+LIBRUBYARG_SHARED = #$LIBRUBYARG_SHARED
+LIBRUBYARG_STATIC = #$LIBRUBYARG_STATIC
+OUTFLAG = #{OUTFLAG}
+COUTFLAG = #{COUTFLAG}
+
+RUBY_EXTCONF_H = #{$extconf_h}
+cflags   = #{CONFIG['cflags']}
+optflags = #{CONFIG['optflags']}
+debugflags = #{CONFIG['debugflags']}
+warnflags = #{$warnflags}
+CFLAGS   = #{$static ? '' : CONFIG['CCDLFLAGS']} #$CFLAGS $(ARCH_FLAG)
+INCFLAGS = -I. #$INCFLAGS
+DEFS     = #{CONFIG['DEFS']}
+CPPFLAGS = #{extconf_h}#{$CPPFLAGS}
+CXXFLAGS = $(CFLAGS) #{CONFIG['CXXFLAGS']}
+ldflags  = #{$LDFLAGS} -L/lib/
+dldflags = #{$DLDFLAGS}
+ARCH_FLAG = #{$ARCH_FLAG}
+DLDFLAGS = $(ldflags) $(dldflags) $(ARCH_FLAG)
+LDSHARED = #{CONFIG['LDSHARED']}
+LDSHAREDXX = #{config_string('LDSHAREDXX') || '$(LDSHARED)'}
+AR = #{CONFIG['AR']}
+EXEEXT = #{CONFIG['EXEEXT']}
+
+RUBY_BASE_NAME = #{CONFIG['RUBY_BASE_NAME']}
+RUBY_INSTALL_NAME = #{CONFIG['RUBY_INSTALL_NAME']}
+RUBY_SO_NAME = #{CONFIG['RUBY_SO_NAME']}
+arch = #{CONFIG['arch']}
+sitearch = #{CONFIG['sitearch']}
+ruby_version = #{RbConfig::CONFIG['ruby_version']}
+ruby = #{$ruby}
+RUBY = $(ruby#{sep})
+RM = #{config_string('RM', &possible_command) || '$(RUBY) -run -e rm -- -f'}
+RM_RF = #{'$(RUBY) -run -e rm -- -rf'}
+RMDIRS = #{config_string('RMDIRS', &possible_command) || '$(RUBY) -run -e rmdir -- -p'}
+MAKEDIRS = #{config_string('MAKEDIRS', &possible_command) || '@$(RUBY) -run -e mkdir -- -p'}
+INSTALL = #{config_string('INSTALL', &possible_command) || '@$(RUBY) -run -e install -- -vp'}
+INSTALL_PROG = #{config_string('INSTALL_PROG') || '$(INSTALL) -m 0755'}
+INSTALL_DATA = #{config_string('INSTALL_DATA') || '$(INSTALL) -m 0644'}
+COPY = #{config_string('CP', &possible_command) || '@$(RUBY) -run -e cp -- -v'}
+
+#### End of system configuration section. ####
+
+preload = #{defined?($preload) && $preload ? $preload.join(' ') : ''}
+}
+  if $nmake == ?b
+    mk.each do |x|
+      x.gsub!(/^(MAKEDIRS|INSTALL_(?:PROG|DATA))+\s*=.*\n/) do
+        "!ifndef " + $1 + "\n" +
+        $& +
+        "!endif\n"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  mk
+end
+# :startdoc:
+
+# creates a stub Makefile.
+#
+def dummy_makefile(srcdir)
+  configuration(srcdir) << <<RULES << CLEANINGS
+CLEANFILES = #{$cleanfiles.join(' ')}
+DISTCLEANFILES = #{$distcleanfiles.join(' ')}
+
+all install static install-so install-rb: Makefile
+.PHONY: all install static install-so install-rb
+.PHONY: clean clean-so clean-rb
+
+RULES
+end
+
+# Processes the data contents of the "depend" file.
+# Each line of this file is expected to be a file name.
+#
+# Returns the output of findings, in Makefile format.
+#
+def depend_rules(depend)
+  suffixes = []
+  depout = []
+  cont = implicit = nil
+  impconv = proc do
+    COMPILE_RULES.each {|rule| depout << (rule % implicit[0]) << implicit[1]}
+    implicit = nil
+  end
+  ruleconv = proc do |line|
+    if implicit
+      if /\A\t/ =~ line
+        implicit[1] << line
+        next
+      else
+        impconv[]
+      end
+    end
+    if m = /\A\.(\w+)\.(\w+)(?:\s*:)/.match(line)
+      suffixes << m[1] << m[2]
+      implicit = [[m[1], m[2]], [m.post_match]]
+      next
+    elsif RULE_SUBST and /\A(?!\s*\w+\s*=)[$\w][^#]*:/ =~ line
+      line.gsub!(%r"(\s)(?!\.)([^$(){}+=:\s\/\\,]+)(?=\s|\z)") {$1 + RULE_SUBST % $2}
+    end
+    depout << line
+  end
+  depend.each_line do |line|
+    line.gsub!(/\.o\b/, ".#{$OBJEXT}")
+    line.gsub!(/\$\((?:hdr|top)dir\)\/config.h/, $config_h)
+    line.gsub!(%r"\$\(hdrdir\)/(?!ruby(?![^:;/\s]))(?=[-\w]+\.h)", '\&ruby/')
+    if $nmake && /\A\s*\$\(RM|COPY\)/ =~ line
+      line.gsub!(%r"[-\w\./]{2,}"){$&.tr("/", "\\")}
+      line.gsub!(/(\$\((?!RM|COPY)[^:)]+)(?=\))/, '\1:/=\\')
+    end
+    if /(?:^|[^\\])(?:\\\\)*\\$/ =~ line
+      (cont ||= []) << line
+      next
+    elsif cont
+      line = (cont << line).join
+      cont = nil
+    end
+    ruleconv.call(line)
+  end
+  if cont
+    ruleconv.call(cont.join)
+  elsif implicit
+    impconv.call
+  end
+  unless suffixes.empty?
+    depout.unshift(".SUFFIXES: ." + suffixes.uniq.join(" .") + "\n\n")
+  end
+  depout.unshift("$(OBJS): $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)\n\n") if $extconf_h
+  depout.flatten!
+  depout
+end
+
+# Generates the Makefile for your extension, passing along any options and
+# preprocessor constants that you may have generated through other methods.
+#
+# The +target+ name should correspond the name of the global function name
+# defined within your C extension, minus the 'Init_'.  For example, if your
+# C extension is defined as 'Init_foo', then your target would simply be 'foo'.
+#
+# If any '/' characters are present in the target name, only the last name
+# is interpreted as the target name, and the rest are considered toplevel
+# directory names, and the generated Makefile will be altered accordingly to
+# follow that directory structure.
+#
+# For example, if you pass 'test/foo' as a target name, your extension will
+# be installed under the 'test' directory.  This means that in order to
+# load the file within a Ruby program later, that directory structure will
+# have to be followed, e.g. "require 'test/foo'".
+#
+# The +srcprefix+ should be used when your source files are not in the same
+# directory as your build script. This will not only eliminate the need for
+# you to manually copy the source files into the same directory as your build
+# script, but it also sets the proper +target_prefix+ in the generated
+# Makefile.
+#
+# Setting the +target_prefix+ will, in turn, install the generated binary in
+# a directory under your RbConfig::CONFIG['sitearchdir'] that mimics your local
+# filesystem when you run 'make install'.
+#
+# For example, given the following file tree:
+#
+#    ext/
+#       extconf.rb
+#       test/
+#          foo.c
+#
+# And given the following code:
+#
+#    create_makefile('test/foo', 'test')
+#
+# That will set the +target_prefix+ in the generated Makefile to 'test'. That,
+# in turn, will create the following file tree when installed via the
+# 'make install' command:
+#
+#    /path/to/ruby/sitearchdir/test/foo.so
+#
+# It is recommended that you use this approach to generate your makefiles,
+# instead of copying files around manually, because some third party
+# libraries may depend on the +target_prefix+ being set properly.
+#
+# The +srcprefix+ argument can be used to override the default source
+# directory, i.e. the current directory . It is included as part of the VPATH
+# and added to the list of INCFLAGS.
+#
+def create_makefile(target, srcprefix = nil)
+  $target = target
+  libpath = $DEFLIBPATH|$LIBPATH
+  message "creating Makefile\n"
+  rm_f "conftest*"
+  if CONFIG["DLEXT"] == $OBJEXT
+    for lib in libs = $libs.split
+      lib.sub!(/-l(.*)/, %%"lib\\1.#{$LIBEXT}"%)
+    end
+    $defs.push(format("-DEXTLIB='%s'", libs.join(",")))
+  end
+
+  if target.include?('/')
+    target_prefix, target = File.split(target)
+    target_prefix[0,0] = '/'
+  else
+    target_prefix = ""
+  end
+
+  srcprefix ||= "$(srcdir)/#{srcprefix}".chomp('/')
+  RbConfig.expand(srcdir = srcprefix.dup)
+
+  ext = ".#{$OBJEXT}"
+  if not $objs
+    srcs = $srcs || Dir[File.join(srcdir, "*.{#{SRC_EXT.join(%q{,})}}")]
+    objs = srcs.inject(Hash.new {[]}) {|h, f| h[File.basename(f, ".*") << ext] <<= f; h}
+    $objs = objs.keys
+    unless objs.delete_if {|b, f| f.size == 1}.empty?
+      dups = objs.sort.map {|b, f|
+        "#{b[/.*\./]}{#{f.collect {|n| n[/([^.]+)\z/]}.join(',')}}"
+      }
+      abort "source files duplication - #{dups.join(", ")}"
+    end
+  else
+    $objs.collect! {|o| File.basename(o, ".*") << ext} unless $OBJEXT == "o"
+    srcs = $srcs || $objs.collect {|o| o.chomp(ext) << ".c"}
+  end
+  $srcs = srcs
+
+  target = nil if $objs.empty?
+
+  if target and EXPORT_PREFIX
+    if File.exist?(File.join(srcdir, target + '.def'))
+      deffile = "$(srcdir)/$(TARGET).def"
+      unless EXPORT_PREFIX.empty?
+        makedef = %{-pe "$_.sub!(/^(?=\\w)/,'#{EXPORT_PREFIX}') unless 1../^EXPORTS$/i"}
+      end
+    else
+      makedef = %{-e "puts 'EXPORTS', '#{EXPORT_PREFIX}' + 'Init_$(TARGET)'.sub(/\\..*\\z/,'')"}
+    end
+    if makedef
+      $cleanfiles << '$(DEFFILE)'
+      origdef = deffile
+      deffile = "$(TARGET)-$(arch).def"
+    end
+  end
+  origdef ||= ''
+
+  if $extout and $INSTALLFILES
+    $cleanfiles.concat($INSTALLFILES.collect {|files, dir|File.join(dir, files.sub(/\A\.\//, ''))})
+    $distcleandirs.concat($INSTALLFILES.collect {|files, dir| dir})
+  end
+
+  if $extmk and not $extconf_h
+    create_header
+  end
+
+  libpath = libpathflag(libpath)
+
+  dllib = target ? "$(TARGET).#{CONFIG['DLEXT']}" : ""
+  staticlib = target ? "$(TARGET).#$LIBEXT" : ""
+  mfile = open("Makefile", "wb")
+  conf = configuration(srcprefix)
+  conf = yield(conf) if block_given?
+  mfile.puts(conf)
+  mfile.print "
+libpath = #{($DEFLIBPATH|$LIBPATH).join(" ")}
+LIBPATH = #{libpath}
+DEFFILE = #{deffile}
+
+CLEANFILES = #{$cleanfiles.join(' ')}
+DISTCLEANFILES = #{$distcleanfiles.join(' ')}
+DISTCLEANDIRS = #{$distcleandirs.join(' ')}
+
+extout = #{$extout && $extout.quote}
+extout_prefix = #{$extout_prefix}
+target_prefix = #{target_prefix}
+LOCAL_LIBS = #{$LOCAL_LIBS}
+LIBS = #{$LIBRUBYARG} #{$libs} #{$LIBS}
+SRCS = #{srcs.collect(&File.method(:basename)).join(' ')}
+OBJS = #{$objs.join(" ")}
+TARGET = #{target}
+DLLIB = #{dllib}
+EXTSTATIC = #{$static || ""}
+STATIC_LIB = #{staticlib unless $static.nil?}
+#{!$extout && defined?($installed_list) ? "INSTALLED_LIST = #{$installed_list}\n" : ""}
+" #"
+  # TODO: fixme
+  install_dirs.each {|d| mfile.print("%-14s= %s\n" % d) if /^[[:upper:]]/ =~ d[0]}
+  n = ($extout ? '$(RUBYARCHDIR)/' : '') + '$(TARGET)'
+  mfile.print "
+TARGET_SO     = #{($extout ? '$(RUBYARCHDIR)/' : '')}$(DLLIB)
+CLEANLIBS     = #{n}.#{CONFIG['DLEXT']} #{config_string('cleanlibs') {|t| t.gsub(/\$\*/) {n}}}
+CLEANOBJS     = *.#{$OBJEXT} #{config_string('cleanobjs') {|t| t.gsub(/\$\*/, "$(TARGET)#{deffile ? '-$(arch)': ''}")} if target} *.bak
+
+all:    #{$extout ? "install" : target ? "$(DLLIB)" : "Makefile"}
+static: $(STATIC_LIB)#{$extout ? " install-rb" : ""}
+.PHONY: all install static install-so install-rb
+.PHONY: clean clean-so clean-rb
+"
+  mfile.print CLEANINGS
+  fsep = config_string('BUILD_FILE_SEPARATOR') {|s| s unless s == "/"}
+  if fsep
+    sep = ":/=#{fsep}"
+    fseprepl = proc {|s|
+      s = s.gsub("/", fsep)
+      s = s.gsub(/(\$\(\w+)(\))/) {$1+sep+$2}
+      s = s.gsub(/(\$\{\w+)(\})/) {$1+sep+$2}
+    }
+    rsep = ":#{fsep}=/"
+  else
+    fseprepl = proc {|s| s}
+    sep = ""
+    rsep = ""
+  end
+  dirs = []
+  mfile.print "install: install-so install-rb\n\n"
+  sodir = (dir = "$(RUBYARCHDIR)").dup
+  mfile.print("install-so: ")
+  if target
+    f = "$(DLLIB)"
+    dest = "#{dir}/#{f}"
+    mfile.puts dir, "install-so: #{dest}"
+    if $extout
+      mfile.print "clean-so::\n"
+      mfile.print "\t@-$(RM) #{fseprepl[dest]}\n"
+      mfile.print "\t@-$(RMDIRS) #{fseprepl[dir]}#{$ignore_error}\n"
+    else
+      mfile.print "#{dest}: #{f}\n\t@-$(MAKEDIRS) $(@D#{sep})\n"
+      mfile.print "\t$(INSTALL_PROG) #{fseprepl[f]} $(@D#{sep})\n"
+      if defined?($installed_list)
+        mfile.print "\t@echo #{dir}/#{File.basename(f)}>>$(INSTALLED_LIST)\n"
+      end
+    end
+  else
+    mfile.puts "Makefile"
+  end
+  mfile.print("install-rb: pre-install-rb install-rb-default\n")
+  mfile.print("install-rb-default: pre-install-rb-default\n")
+  mfile.print("pre-install-rb: Makefile\n")
+  mfile.print("pre-install-rb-default: Makefile\n")
+  for sfx, i in [["-default", [["lib/**/*.rb", "$(RUBYLIBDIR)", "lib"]]], ["", $INSTALLFILES]]
+    files = install_files(mfile, i, nil, srcprefix) or next
+    for dir, *files in files
+      unless dirs.include?(dir)
+        dirs << dir
+        mfile.print "pre-install-rb#{sfx}: #{dir}\n"
+      end
+      for f in files
+        dest = "#{dir}/#{File.basename(f)}"
+        mfile.print("install-rb#{sfx}: #{dest} #{dir}\n")
+        mfile.print("#{dest}: #{f}\n")
+        mfile.print("\t$(Q) $(#{$extout ? 'COPY' : 'INSTALL_DATA'}) #{f} $(@D#{sep})\n")
+        if defined?($installed_list) and !$extout
+          mfile.print("\t@echo #{dest}>>$(INSTALLED_LIST)\n")
+        end
+        if $extout
+          mfile.print("clean-rb#{sfx}::\n")
+          mfile.print("\t@-$(RM) #{fseprepl[dest]}\n")
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    mfile.print "pre-install-rb#{sfx}:\n"
+    mfile.print("\t$(ECHO) installing#{sfx.sub(/^-/, " ")} #{target} libraries\n")
+    if $extout
+      dirs.uniq!
+      unless dirs.empty?
+        mfile.print("clean-rb#{sfx}::\n")
+        for dir in dirs.sort_by {|d| -d.count('/')}
+          mfile.print("\t@-$(RMDIRS) #{fseprepl[dir]}#{$ignore_error}\n")
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  dirs.unshift(sodir) if target and !dirs.include?(sodir)
+  dirs.each {|d| mfile.print "#{d}:\n\t$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) $@\n"}
+
+  mfile.print <<-SITEINSTALL
+
+site-install: site-install-so site-install-rb
+site-install-so: install-so
+site-install-rb: install-rb
+
+  SITEINSTALL
+
+  return unless target
+
+  mfile.puts SRC_EXT.collect {|e| ".path.#{e} = $(VPATH)"} if $nmake == ?b
+  mfile.print ".SUFFIXES: .#{SRC_EXT.join(' .')} .#{$OBJEXT}\n"
+  mfile.print "\n"
+
+  compile_command = "\n\t$(ECHO) compiling $(<#{rsep})\n\t$(Q) %s\n\n"
+  CXX_EXT.each do |e|
+    COMPILE_RULES.each do |rule|
+      mfile.printf(rule, e, $OBJEXT)
+      mfile.printf(compile_command, COMPILE_CXX)
+    end
+  end
+  C_EXT.each do |e|
+    COMPILE_RULES.each do |rule|
+      mfile.printf(rule, e, $OBJEXT)
+      mfile.printf(compile_command, COMPILE_C)
+    end
+  end
+
+  mfile.print "$(RUBYARCHDIR)/" if $extout
+  mfile.print "$(DLLIB): "
+  mfile.print "$(DEFFILE) " if makedef
+  mfile.print "$(OBJS) Makefile\n"
+  mfile.print "\t$(ECHO) linking shared-object #{target_prefix.sub(/\A\/(.*)/, '\1/')}$(DLLIB)\n"
+  mfile.print "\t@-$(RM) $(@#{sep})\n"
+  mfile.print "\t@-$(MAKEDIRS) $(@D)\n" if $extout
+  link_so = LINK_SO.gsub(/^/, "\t$(Q) ")
+  if srcs.any?(&%r"\.(?:#{CXX_EXT.join('|')})\z".method(:===))
+    link_so = link_so.sub(/\bLDSHARED\b/, '\&XX')
+  end
+  mfile.print link_so, "\n\n"
+  unless $static.nil?
+    mfile.print "$(STATIC_LIB): $(OBJS)\n\t@-$(RM) $(@#{sep})\n\t"
+    mfile.print "$(ECHO) linking static-library $(@#{rsep})\n\t$(Q) "
+    mfile.print "$(AR) #{config_string('ARFLAGS') || 'cru '}$@ $(OBJS)"
+    config_string('RANLIB') do |ranlib|
+      mfile.print "\n\t@-#{ranlib} $(DLLIB) 2> /dev/null || true"
+    end
+  end
+  mfile.print "\n\n"
+  if makedef
+    mfile.print "$(DEFFILE): #{origdef}\n"
+    mfile.print "\t$(ECHO) generating $(@#{rsep})\n"
+    mfile.print "\t$(Q) $(RUBY) #{makedef} #{origdef} > $@\n\n"
+  end
+
+  depend = File.join(srcdir, "depend")
+  if File.exist?(depend)
+    mfile.print("###\n", *depend_rules(File.read(depend)))
+  else
+    headers = %w[$(hdrdir)/ruby.h $(hdrdir)/ruby/defines.h]
+    if RULE_SUBST
+      headers.each {|h| h.sub!(/.*/, &RULE_SUBST.method(:%))}
+    end
+    headers << $config_h
+    headers << '$(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)' if $extconf_h
+    mfile.print "$(OBJS): ", headers.join(' '), "\n"
+  end
+
+  $makefile_created = true
+ensure
+  mfile.close if mfile
+end
+
+# :stopdoc:
+
+def init_mkmf(config = CONFIG, rbconfig = RbConfig::CONFIG)
+  $makefile_created = false
+  $arg_config = []
+  $enable_shared = config['ENABLE_SHARED'] == 'yes'
+  $defs = []
+  $extconf_h = nil
+  if $warnflags = CONFIG['warnflags'] and CONFIG['GCC'] == 'yes'
+    # turn warnings into errors only for bundled extensions.
+    config['warnflags'] = $warnflags.gsub(/(\A|\s)-Werror[-=]/, '\1-W')
+    RbConfig.expand(rbconfig['warnflags'] = config['warnflags'].dup)
+    config.each do |key, val|
+      RbConfig.expand(rbconfig[key] = val.dup) if /warnflags/ =~ val
+    end
+    $warnflags = config['warnflags'] unless $extmk
+  end
+  $CFLAGS = with_config("cflags", arg_config("CFLAGS", config["CFLAGS"])).dup
+  $ARCH_FLAG = with_config("arch_flag", arg_config("ARCH_FLAG", config["ARCH_FLAG"])).dup
+  $CPPFLAGS = with_config("cppflags", arg_config("CPPFLAGS", config["CPPFLAGS"])).dup
+  $LDFLAGS = with_config("ldflags", arg_config("LDFLAGS", config["LDFLAGS"])).dup
+  $INCFLAGS = "-I$(arch_hdrdir) -I/usr/include/ -L/lib/"
+  $INCFLAGS << " -I$(hdrdir)/ruby/backward" unless $extmk
+  $INCFLAGS << " -I$(hdrdir) -I$(srcdir)"
+  $DLDFLAGS = with_config("dldflags", arg_config("DLDFLAGS", config["DLDFLAGS"])).dup
+  $LIBEXT = config['LIBEXT'].dup
+  $OBJEXT = config["OBJEXT"].dup
+  $LIBS = "#{config['LIBS']} #{config['DLDLIBS']}"
+  $LIBRUBYARG = ""
+  $LIBRUBYARG_STATIC = config['LIBRUBYARG_STATIC']
+  $LIBRUBYARG_SHARED = config['LIBRUBYARG_SHARED']
+  $DEFLIBPATH = [$extmk ? "$(topdir)" : "$(libdir)"]
+  $DEFLIBPATH.unshift(".")
+  $LIBPATH = []
+  $INSTALLFILES = []
+  $NONINSTALLFILES = [/~\z/, /\A#.*#\z/, /\A\.#/, /\.bak\z/i, /\.orig\z/, /\.rej\z/, /\.l[ao]\z/, /\.o\z/]
+  $VPATH = %w[$(srcdir) $(arch_hdrdir)/ruby $(hdrdir)/ruby]
+
+  $objs = nil
+  $srcs = nil
+  $libs = ""
+  if $enable_shared or RbConfig.expand(config["LIBRUBY"].dup) != RbConfig.expand(config["LIBRUBY_A"].dup)
+    $LIBRUBYARG = config['LIBRUBYARG']
+  end
+
+  $LOCAL_LIBS = ""
+
+  $cleanfiles = config_string('CLEANFILES') {|s| Shellwords.shellwords(s)} || []
+  $cleanfiles << "mkmf.log"
+  $distcleanfiles = config_string('DISTCLEANFILES') {|s| Shellwords.shellwords(s)} || []
+  $distcleandirs = config_string('DISTCLEANDIRS') {|s| Shellwords.shellwords(s)} || []
+
+  $extout ||= nil
+  $extout_prefix ||= nil
+
+  $arg_config.clear
+  dir_config("opt")
+end
+
+FailedMessage = <<MESSAGE
+Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
+necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
+details.  You may need configuration options.
+
+Provided configuration options:
+MESSAGE
+
+# Returns whether or not the Makefile was successfully generated. If not,
+# the script will abort with an error message.
+#
+# Internal use only.
+#
+def mkmf_failed(path)
+  unless $makefile_created or File.exist?("Makefile")
+    opts = $arg_config.collect {|t, n| "\t#{t}#{n ? "=#{n}" : ""}\n"}
+    abort "*** #{path} failed ***\n" + FailedMessage + opts.join
+  end
+end
+
+# :startdoc:
+
+init_mkmf
+
+$make = with_config("make-prog", ENV["MAKE"] || "make")
+make, = Shellwords.shellwords($make)
+$nmake = nil
+case
+when $mswin
+  $nmake = ?m if /nmake/i =~ make
+when $bccwin
+  $nmake = ?b if /Borland/i =~ `#{make} -h`
+end
+$ignore_error = $nmake ? '' : ' 2> /dev/null || true'
+
+RbConfig::CONFIG["srcdir"] = CONFIG["srcdir"] =
+  $srcdir = arg_config("--srcdir", File.dirname($0))
+$configure_args["--topsrcdir"] ||= $srcdir
+if $curdir = arg_config("--curdir")
+  RbConfig.expand(curdir = $curdir.dup)
+else
+  curdir = $curdir = "."
+end
+unless File.expand_path(RbConfig::CONFIG["topdir"]) == File.expand_path(curdir)
+  CONFIG["topdir"] = $curdir
+  RbConfig::CONFIG["topdir"] = curdir
+end
+$configure_args["--topdir"] ||= $curdir
+$ruby = arg_config("--ruby", File.join(RbConfig::CONFIG["bindir"], CONFIG["ruby_install_name"]))
+
+split = Shellwords.method(:shellwords).to_proc
+
+EXPORT_PREFIX = config_string('EXPORT_PREFIX') {|s| s.strip}
+
+hdr = ['#include "ruby.h"' "\n"]
+config_string('COMMON_MACROS') do |s|
+  Shellwords.shellwords(s).each do |w|
+    w, v = w.split(/=/, 2)
+    hdr << "#ifndef #{w}"
+    hdr << "#define #{[w, v].compact.join(" ")}"
+    hdr << "#endif /* #{w} */"
+  end
+end
+config_string('COMMON_HEADERS') do |s|
+  Shellwords.shellwords(s).each {|w| hdr << "#include <#{w}>"}
+end
+COMMON_HEADERS = hdr.join("\n")
+COMMON_LIBS = config_string('COMMON_LIBS', &split) || []
+
+COMPILE_RULES = config_string('COMPILE_RULES', &split) || %w[.%s.%s:]
+RULE_SUBST = config_string('RULE_SUBST')
+COMPILE_C = config_string('COMPILE_C') || '$(CC) $(INCFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(COUTFLAG)$@ -c $<'
+COMPILE_CXX = config_string('COMPILE_CXX') || '$(CXX) $(INCFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $(COUTFLAG)$@ -c $<'
+TRY_LINK = config_string('TRY_LINK') ||
+  "$(CC) #{OUTFLAG}conftest $(INCFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) " \
+  "$(CFLAGS) $(src) $(LIBPATH) $(LDFLAGS) $(ARCH_FLAG) $(LOCAL_LIBS) $(LIBS)"
+LINK_SO = config_string('LINK_SO') ||
+  if CONFIG["DLEXT"] == $OBJEXT
+    "ld $(DLDFLAGS) -r -o $@ $(OBJS)\n"
+  else
+    "$(LDSHARED) #{OUTFLAG}$@ $(OBJS) " \
+    "$(LIBPATH) $(DLDFLAGS) $(LOCAL_LIBS) $(LIBS)"
+  end
+LIBPATHFLAG = config_string('LIBPATHFLAG') || ' -L"%s"'
+RPATHFLAG = config_string('RPATHFLAG') || ''
+LIBARG = config_string('LIBARG') || '-l%s'
+MAIN_DOES_NOTHING = config_string('MAIN_DOES_NOTHING') || 'int main() {return 0;}'
+UNIVERSAL_INTS = config_string('UNIVERSAL_INTS') {|s| Shellwords.shellwords(s)} ||
+  %w[int short long long\ long]
+
+sep = config_string('BUILD_FILE_SEPARATOR') {|s| ":/=#{s}" if s != "/"} || ""
+CLEANINGS = "
+clean-rb-default::
+clean-rb::
+clean-so::
+clean: clean-so clean-rb-default clean-rb
+\t\t@-$(RM) $(CLEANLIBS#{sep}) $(CLEANOBJS#{sep}) $(CLEANFILES#{sep})
+
+distclean-rb-default::
+distclean-rb::
+distclean-so::
+distclean: clean distclean-so distclean-rb-default distclean-rb
+\t\t@-$(RM) Makefile $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H) conftest.* mkmf.log
+\t\t@-$(RM) core ruby$(EXEEXT) *~ $(DISTCLEANFILES#{sep})
+\t\t@-$(RMDIRS) $(DISTCLEANDIRS#{sep})#{$ignore_error}
+
+realclean: distclean
+"
+
+if not $extmk and /\A(extconf|makefile).rb\z/ =~ File.basename($0)
+  END {mkmf_failed($0)}
+end