ai4r 1.5 → 1.6

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  1. data/examples/clusterers/simple_website_clustering.rb +47 -0
  2. data/lib/ai4r.rb +7 -0
  3. data/lib/ai4r/classifiers/hyperpipes.rb +118 -0
  4. data/lib/ai4r/clusterers/average_linkage.rb +22 -23
  5. data/lib/ai4r/clusterers/centroid_linkage.rb +66 -0
  6. data/lib/ai4r/clusterers/complete_linkage.rb +17 -12
  7. data/lib/ai4r/clusterers/diana.rb +139 -0
  8. data/lib/ai4r/clusterers/median_linkage.rb +61 -0
  9. data/lib/ai4r/clusterers/single_linkage.rb +57 -42
  10. data/lib/ai4r/clusterers/ward_linkage.rb +64 -0
  11. data/lib/ai4r/clusterers/weighted_average_linkage.rb +61 -0
  12. data/lib/ai4r/data/constants.rb +18 -0
  13. data/lib/ai4r/data/data_set.rb +5 -3
  14. data/lib/ai4r/data/proximity.rb +18 -0
  15. data/test/clusterers/average_linkage_test.rb +14 -11
  16. data/test/clusterers/bisecting_k_means_test.rb +9 -0
  17. data/test/clusterers/centroid_linkage_test.rb +50 -0
  18. data/test/clusterers/complete_linkage_test.rb +14 -5
  19. data/test/clusterers/diana_test.rb +69 -0
  20. data/test/clusterers/k_means_test.rb +9 -0
  21. data/test/clusterers/median_linkage_test.rb +50 -0
  22. data/test/clusterers/single_linkage_test.rb +15 -6
  23. data/test/clusterers/ward_linkage_test.rb +50 -0
  24. data/test/clusterers/weighted_average_linkage_test.rb +50 -0
  25. data/test/data/data_set_test.rb +14 -0
  26. data/test/data/proximity_test.rb +10 -0
  27. metadata +87 -298
  28. data/site/build/site/en/broken-links.xml +0 -2
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  153. data/site/src/documentation/README.txt +0 -7
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data/site/build/site/en/linkmap.html DELETED
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- <h1>Machine Learning with ID3 Decision Trees in Ruby</h1>
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- <div id="minitoc-area">
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- <ul class="minitoc">
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- <li>
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- <a href="#mach-intro">Introduction to ID3 algorithm</a>
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- </li>
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- <li>
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- <a href="#mach-HowTo">Marketing target strategy example using ID3 Decision Trees in Ruby</a>
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- </li>
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- <li>
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- <a href="#mach-dataload">Better data loading</a>
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- </li>
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- <li>
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- <a href="#mach-eval">A good tip for data evaluation</a>
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- </li>
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- <li>
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- <a href="#mach-more">More about ID3 and decision trees</a>
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- </li>
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- </ul>
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- </div>
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-
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- <a name="N1000C"></a><a name="mach-intro"></a>
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- <h2 class="boxed">Introduction to ID3 algorithm</h2>
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- <div class="section">
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- <p>
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- AI4R implements the ID3 algorithm (Quinlan) as one of its automatic classifiers.
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- Given a set of preclassified examples, it builds a top-down
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- induction of decision tree, biased by the information gain and
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- entropy measure.
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- </p>
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- <p>
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- The good thing about this automatic learning method is that humans learns as well.
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- Unlike other AI techniques like neural networks, classifiers can
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- generate ruby code with if / else sentences. You
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- can use this to evaluate parameters on realtime, copy paste them in a
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- code, or just read them to learn about your problem domain.
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- </p>
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- </div>
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-
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-
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- <a name="N10019"></a><a name="mach-HowTo"></a>
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- <h2 class="boxed">Marketing target strategy example using ID3 Decision Trees in Ruby</h2>
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- <div class="section">
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- <p>Let's suppose that you are writting an application that must identify people as relevant marketing targets or not.
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- The only information that you have is a collection of examples, provided by a marketing survey:</p>
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- <pre class="code">
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-
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- DATA_LABELS = [ 'city', 'age_range', 'gender', 'marketing_target' ]
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-
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- DATA_SET = [
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- ['New York', '&lt;30', 'M', 'Y'],
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- ['Chicago', '&lt;30', 'M', 'Y'],
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- ['Chicago', '&lt;30', 'F', 'Y'],
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- ['New York', '&lt;30', 'M', 'Y'],
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- ['New York', '&lt;30', 'M', 'Y'],
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- ['Chicago', '[30-50)', 'M', 'Y'],
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- ['New York', '[30-50)', 'F', 'N'],
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- ['Chicago', '[30-50)', 'F', 'Y'],
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- ['New York', '[30-50)', 'F', 'N'],
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- ['Chicago', '[50-80]', 'M', 'N'],
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- ['New York', '[50-80]', 'F', 'N'],
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- ['New York', '[50-80]', 'M', 'N'],
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- ['Chicago', '[50-80]', 'M', 'N'],
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- ['New York', '[50-80]', 'F', 'N'],
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- ['Chicago', '&gt;80', 'F', 'Y']
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- ]
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-
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- </pre>
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- <p>You can create an ID3 Decision tree to do the dirty job for you:</p>
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- <pre class="code">
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-
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- id3 = ID3.new(DATA_SET, DATA_LABELS)
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-
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- </pre>
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- <p>The Decision tree will automatically create the "rules" to parse new data,
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- and identify new posible marketing targets:</p>
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- <pre class="code">
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-
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- id3.get_rules
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- # =&gt; if age_range=='&lt;30' then marketing_target='Y'
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- elsif age_range=='[30-50)' and city=='Chicago' then marketing_target='Y'
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- elsif age_range=='[30-50)' and city=='New York' then marketing_target='N'
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- elsif age_range=='[50-80]' then marketing_target='N'
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- elsif age_range=='&gt;80' then marketing_target='Y'
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- else raise 'There was not enough information during training to do a proper induction for this data element' end
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-
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- id3.eval(['New York', '&lt;30', 'M'])
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- # =&gt; 'Y'
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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-
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-
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- <a name="N10035"></a><a name="mach-dataload"></a>
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- <h2 class="boxed">Better data loading</h2>
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- <div class="section">
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- <p>
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- In real life you will use many more data training examples,
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- with more attributes.
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- Consider moving your data to an external CSV (comma separate values) file.
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- </p>
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- <pre class="code">
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-
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- data_set = []
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- CSV::Reader.parse(File.open("#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/data_set.csv", 'r')) do |row|
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- data_set &lt;&lt; row
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- end
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- data_labels = data_set.shift
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-
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- id3 = ID3.new(data_set, data_labels)
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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-
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-
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- <a name="N10043"></a><a name="mach-eval"></a>
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- <h2 class="boxed">A good tip for data evaluation</h2>
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- <div class="section">
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- <p>
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- The ID3 class provides a method to evaluate new data.
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- </p>
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- <pre class="code">
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-
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- id3.eval(['New York', '&lt;30', 'M'])
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- # =&gt; 'Y'
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- </pre>
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- <p>
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- But instead of going through the tree every time, you can take advantage of the
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- fact that the method "get_rules" generates proper ruby code!
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- </p>
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- <pre class="code">
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-
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- id3 = ID3.new(DATA_SET, DATA_LABELS)
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- age_range = '&lt;30'
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- city = 'New York'
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- gender = 'M'
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- marketing_target = nil
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- eval id3.get_rules
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- puts marketing_target
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- # =&gt; 'Y'
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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-
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-
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- <a name="N10058"></a><a name="mach-more"></a>
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- <h2 class="boxed">More about ID3 and decision trees</h2>
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- <div class="section">
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- <p>
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-
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- <a class="external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_tree">Wikipedia article on Decision trees</a>
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- <a class="external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ID3_algorithm">Wikipedia article on ID3 Algorithm</a>
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-
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- </p>
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- </div>
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-
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- </div>
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- 2007-2009 <a href="http://www.jadeferret.com/">Sergio Fierens, Jade Ferret</a>
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