activerecord 6.0.5.1 → 6.1.7.4

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb

@@ -92,6 +92,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
         true
       end
 
+      def supports_check_constraints?
+        if mariadb?
+          database_version >= "10.2.1"
+        else
+          database_version >= "8.0.16"
+        end
+      end
+
       def supports_views?
         true
       end
@@ -104,7 +112,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         mariadb? || database_version >= "5.7.5"
       end
 
-      # See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/optimizer-hints.html for more details.
+      # See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/optimizer-hints.html for more details.
       def supports_optimizer_hints?
         !mariadb? && database_version >= "5.7.7"
       end
@@ -142,7 +150,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def index_algorithms
-        { default: +"ALGORITHM = DEFAULT", copy: +"ALGORITHM = COPY", inplace: +"ALGORITHM = INPLACE" }
+        {
+          default: "ALGORITHM = DEFAULT",
+          copy:    "ALGORITHM = COPY",
+          inplace: "ALGORITHM = INPLACE",
+          instant: "ALGORITHM = INSTANT",
+        }
       end
 
       # HELPER METHODS ===========================================
@@ -183,18 +196,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # DATABASE STATEMENTS ======================================
       #++
 
-      def explain(arel, binds = [])
-        sql     = "EXPLAIN #{to_sql(arel, binds)}"
-        start   = Concurrent.monotonic_time
-        result  = exec_query(sql, "EXPLAIN", binds)
-        elapsed = Concurrent.monotonic_time - start
-
-        MySQL::ExplainPrettyPrinter.new.pp(result, elapsed)
-      end
-
       # Executes the SQL statement in the context of this connection.
       def execute(sql, name = nil)
         materialize_transactions
+        mark_transaction_written_if_write(sql)
 
         log(sql, name) do
           ActiveSupport::Dependencies.interlock.permit_concurrent_loads do
@@ -211,7 +216,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def begin_db_transaction
-        execute "BEGIN"
+        execute("BEGIN", "TRANSACTION")
       end
 
       def begin_isolated_db_transaction(isolation)
@@ -220,11 +225,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def commit_db_transaction #:nodoc:
-        execute "COMMIT"
+        execute("COMMIT", "TRANSACTION")
       end
 
       def exec_rollback_db_transaction #:nodoc:
-        execute "ROLLBACK"
+        execute("ROLLBACK", "TRANSACTION")
       end
 
       def empty_insert_statement_value(primary_key = nil)
@@ -305,6 +310,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # Example:
       #   rename_table('octopuses', 'octopi')
       def rename_table(table_name, new_name)
+        schema_cache.clear_data_source_cache!(table_name.to_s)
+        schema_cache.clear_data_source_cache!(new_name.to_s)
         execute "RENAME TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} TO #{quote_table_name(new_name)}"
         rename_table_indexes(table_name, new_name)
       end
@@ -324,7 +331,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # Although this command ignores most +options+ and the block if one is given,
       # it can be helpful to provide these in a migration's +change+ method so it can be reverted.
       # In that case, +options+ and the block will be used by create_table.
-      def drop_table(table_name, options = {})
+      def drop_table(table_name, **options)
+        schema_cache.clear_data_source_cache!(table_name.to_s)
         execute "DROP#{' TEMPORARY' if options[:temporary]} TABLE#{' IF EXISTS' if options[:if_exists]} #{quote_table_name(table_name)}#{' CASCADE' if options[:force] == :cascade}"
       end
 
@@ -356,8 +364,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
         change_column table_name, column_name, nil, comment: comment
       end
 
-      def change_column(table_name, column_name, type, options = {}) #:nodoc:
-        execute("ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} #{change_column_for_alter(table_name, column_name, type, options)}")
+      def change_column(table_name, column_name, type, **options) #:nodoc:
+        execute("ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} #{change_column_for_alter(table_name, column_name, type, **options)}")
       end
 
       def rename_column(table_name, column_name, new_column_name) #:nodoc:
@@ -365,10 +373,13 @@ module ActiveRecord
         rename_column_indexes(table_name, column_name, new_column_name)
       end
 
-      def add_index(table_name, column_name, options = {}) #:nodoc:
-        index_name, index_type, index_columns, _, index_algorithm, index_using, comment = add_index_options(table_name, column_name, **options)
-        sql = +"CREATE #{index_type} INDEX #{quote_column_name(index_name)} #{index_using} ON #{quote_table_name(table_name)} (#{index_columns}) #{index_algorithm}"
-        execute add_sql_comment!(sql, comment)
+      def add_index(table_name, column_name, **options) #:nodoc:
+        index, algorithm, if_not_exists = add_index_options(table_name, column_name, **options)
+
+        return if if_not_exists && index_exists?(table_name, column_name, name: index.name)
+
+        create_index = CreateIndexDefinition.new(index, algorithm)
+        execute schema_creation.accept(create_index)
       end
 
       def add_sql_comment!(sql, comment) # :nodoc:
@@ -412,25 +423,60 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
       end
 
-      def table_options(table_name) # :nodoc:
-        table_options = {}
+      def check_constraints(table_name)
+        if supports_check_constraints?
+          scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
+
+          chk_info = exec_query(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")
+            SELECT cc.constraint_name AS 'name',
+                  cc.check_clause AS 'expression'
+            FROM information_schema.check_constraints cc
+            JOIN information_schema.table_constraints tc
+            USING (constraint_schema, constraint_name)
+            WHERE tc.table_schema = #{scope[:schema]}
+              AND tc.table_name = #{scope[:name]}
+              AND cc.constraint_schema = #{scope[:schema]}
+          SQL
+
+          chk_info.map do |row|
+            options = {
+              name: row["name"]
+            }
+            expression = row["expression"]
+            expression = expression[1..-2] unless mariadb? # remove parentheses added by mysql
+            CheckConstraintDefinition.new(table_name, expression, options)
+          end
+        else
+          raise NotImplementedError
+        end
+      end
 
+      def table_options(table_name) # :nodoc:
         create_table_info = create_table_info(table_name)
 
         # strip create_definitions and partition_options
         # Be aware that `create_table_info` might not include any table options due to `NO_TABLE_OPTIONS` sql mode.
         raw_table_options = create_table_info.sub(/\A.*\n\) ?/m, "").sub(/\n\/\*!.*\*\/\n\z/m, "").strip
 
+        return if raw_table_options.empty?
+
+        table_options = {}
+
+        if / DEFAULT CHARSET=(?<charset>\w+)(?: COLLATE=(?<collation>\w+))?/ =~ raw_table_options
+          raw_table_options = $` + $' # before part + after part
+          table_options[:charset] = charset
+          table_options[:collation] = collation if collation
+        end
+
         # strip AUTO_INCREMENT
         raw_table_options.sub!(/(ENGINE=\w+)(?: AUTO_INCREMENT=\d+)/, '\1')
 
-        table_options[:options] = raw_table_options unless raw_table_options.blank?
-
         # strip COMMENT
         if raw_table_options.sub!(/ COMMENT='.+'/, "")
           table_options[:comment] = table_comment(table_name)
         end
 
+        table_options[:options] = raw_table_options unless raw_table_options == "ENGINE=InnoDB"
         table_options
       end
 
@@ -456,21 +502,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
         SQL
       end
 
-      def default_uniqueness_comparison(attribute, value, klass) # :nodoc:
-        column = column_for_attribute(attribute)
-
-        if column.collation && !column.case_sensitive? && !value.nil?
-          ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<~MSG.squish)
-            Uniqueness validator will no longer enforce case sensitive comparison in Rails 6.1.
-            To continue case sensitive comparison on the :#{attribute.name} attribute in #{klass} model,
-            pass `case_sensitive: true` option explicitly to the uniqueness validator.
-          MSG
-          attribute.eq(Arel::Nodes::Bin.new(value))
-        else
-          super
-        end
-      end
-
       def case_sensitive_comparison(attribute, value) # :nodoc:
         column = column_for_attribute(attribute)
 
@@ -489,14 +520,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # In MySQL 5.7.5 and up, ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY affects handling of queries that use
       # DISTINCT and ORDER BY. It requires the ORDER BY columns in the select list for
       # distinct queries, and requires that the ORDER BY include the distinct column.
-      # See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/group-by-handling.html
+      # See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/group-by-handling.html
       def columns_for_distinct(columns, orders) # :nodoc:
-        order_columns = orders.reject(&:blank?).map { |s|
+        order_columns = orders.compact_blank.map { |s|
           # Convert Arel node to string
           s = visitor.compile(s) unless s.is_a?(String)
           # Remove any ASC/DESC modifiers
           s.gsub(/\s+(?:ASC|DESC)\b/i, "")
-        }.reject(&:blank?).map.with_index { |column, i| "#{column} AS alias_#{i}" }
+        }.compact_blank.map.with_index { |column, i| "#{column} AS alias_#{i}" }
 
         (order_columns << super).join(", ")
       end
@@ -517,6 +548,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           sql << " ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE #{no_op_column}=#{no_op_column}"
         elsif insert.update_duplicates?
           sql << " ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE "
+          sql << insert.touch_model_timestamps_unless { |column| "#{column}<=>VALUES(#{column})" }
           sql << insert.updatable_columns.map { |column| "#{column}=VALUES(#{column})" }.join(",")
         end
 
@@ -533,7 +565,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
         def initialize_type_map(m = type_map)
           super
 
-          register_class_with_limit m, %r(char)i, MysqlString
+          m.register_type(%r(char)i) do |sql_type|
+            limit = extract_limit(sql_type)
+            Type.lookup(:string, adapter: :mysql2, limit: limit)
+          end
 
           m.register_type %r(tinytext)i,   Type::Text.new(limit: 2**8 - 1)
           m.register_type %r(tinyblob)i,   Type::Binary.new(limit: 2**8 - 1)
@@ -553,20 +588,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
           register_integer_type m, %r(^tinyint)i,   limit: 1
 
           m.register_type %r(^tinyint\(1\))i, Type::Boolean.new if emulate_booleans
-          m.alias_type %r(year)i,          "integer"
-          m.alias_type %r(bit)i,           "binary"
+          m.alias_type %r(year)i, "integer"
+          m.alias_type %r(bit)i,  "binary"
 
-          m.register_type(%r(enum)i) do |sql_type|
-            limit = sql_type[/^enum\s*\((.+)\)/i, 1]
-              .split(",").map { |enum| enum.strip.length - 2 }.max
-            MysqlString.new(limit: limit)
-          end
-
-          m.register_type(%r(^set)i) do |sql_type|
-            limit = sql_type[/^set\s*\((.+)\)/i, 1]
-              .split(",").map { |set| set.strip.length - 1 }.sum - 1
-            MysqlString.new(limit: limit)
-          end
+          m.register_type %r(^enum)i, Type.lookup(:string, adapter: :mysql2)
+          m.register_type %r(^set)i,  Type.lookup(:string, adapter: :mysql2)
         end
 
         def register_integer_type(mapping, key, **options)
@@ -587,7 +613,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
         end
 
-        # See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/error-messages-server.html
+        # See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-errors/en/server-error-reference.html
+        ER_DB_CREATE_EXISTS     = 1007
         ER_FILSORT_ABORT        = 1028
         ER_DUP_ENTRY            = 1062
         ER_NOT_NULL_VIOLATION   = 1048
@@ -608,6 +635,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         def translate_exception(exception, message:, sql:, binds:)
           case error_number(exception)
+          when nil
+            if exception.message.match?(/MySQL client is not connected/i)
+              ConnectionNotEstablished.new(exception)
+            else
+              super
+            end
+          when ER_DB_CREATE_EXISTS
+            DatabaseAlreadyExists.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds)
           when ER_DUP_ENTRY
             RecordNotUnique.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds)
           when ER_NO_REFERENCED_ROW, ER_ROW_IS_REFERENCED, ER_ROW_IS_REFERENCED_2, ER_NO_REFERENCED_ROW_2
@@ -639,7 +674,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
         end
 
-        def change_column_for_alter(table_name, column_name, type, options = {})
+        def change_column_for_alter(table_name, column_name, type, **options)
           column = column_for(table_name, column_name)
           type ||= column.sql_type
 
@@ -661,11 +696,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         def rename_column_for_alter(table_name, column_name, new_column_name)
+          return rename_column_sql(table_name, column_name, new_column_name) if supports_rename_column?
+
           column  = column_for(table_name, column_name)
           options = {
             default: column.default,
             null: column.null,
-            auto_increment: column.auto_increment?
+            auto_increment: column.auto_increment?,
+            comment: column.comment
           }
 
           current_type = exec_query("SHOW COLUMNS FROM #{quote_table_name(table_name)} LIKE #{quote(column_name)}", "SCHEMA").first["Type"]
@@ -674,15 +712,15 @@ module ActiveRecord
           schema_creation.accept(ChangeColumnDefinition.new(cd, column.name))
         end
 
-        def add_index_for_alter(table_name, column_name, options = {})
-          index_name, index_type, index_columns, _, index_algorithm, index_using, comment = add_index_options(table_name, column_name, **options)
-          index_algorithm[0, 0] = ", " if index_algorithm.present?
-          sql = +"ADD #{index_type} INDEX #{quote_column_name(index_name)} #{index_using} (#{index_columns})#{index_algorithm}"
-          add_sql_comment!(sql, comment)
+        def add_index_for_alter(table_name, column_name, **options)
+          index, algorithm, _ = add_index_options(table_name, column_name, **options)
+          algorithm = ", #{algorithm}" if algorithm
+
+          "ADD #{schema_creation.accept(index)}#{algorithm}"
         end
 
-        def remove_index_for_alter(table_name, options = {})
-          index_name = index_name_for_remove(table_name, options)
+        def remove_index_for_alter(table_name, column_name = nil, **options)
+          index_name = index_name_for_remove(table_name, column_name, options)
           "DROP INDEX #{quote_column_name(index_name)}"
         end
 
@@ -694,6 +732,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
         end
 
+        def supports_rename_column?
+          if mariadb?
+            database_version >= "10.5.2"
+          else
+            database_version >= "8.0.3"
+          end
+        end
+
         def configure_connection
           variables = @config.fetch(:variables, {}).stringify_keys
 
@@ -708,7 +754,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           defaults = [":default", :default].to_set
 
           # Make MySQL reject illegal values rather than truncating or blanking them, see
-          # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/sql-mode.html#sqlmode_strict_all_tables
+          # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/sql-mode.html#sqlmode_strict_all_tables
           # If the user has provided another value for sql_mode, don't replace it.
           if sql_mode = variables.delete("sql_mode")
             sql_mode = quote(sql_mode)
@@ -725,7 +771,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           sql_mode_assignment = "@@SESSION.sql_mode = #{sql_mode}, " if sql_mode
 
           # NAMES does not have an equals sign, see
-          # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/set-names.html
+          # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/set-names.html
           # (trailing comma because variable_assignments will always have content)
           if @config[:encoding]
             encoding = +"NAMES #{@config[:encoding]}"
@@ -793,26 +839,16 @@ module ActiveRecord
           full_version_string.match(/^(?:5\.5\.5-)?(\d+\.\d+\.\d+)/)[1]
         end
 
-        class MysqlString < Type::String # :nodoc:
-          def serialize(value)
-            case value
-            when true then "1"
-            when false then "0"
-            else super
-            end
-          end
+        # Alias MysqlString to work Mashal.load(File.read("legacy_record.dump")).
+        # TODO: Remove the constant alias once Rails 6.1 has released.
+        MysqlString = Type::String # :nodoc:
 
-          private
-            def cast_value(value)
-              case value
-              when true then "1"
-              when false then "0"
-              else super
-              end
-            end
+        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:immutable_string, adapter: :mysql2) do |_, **args|
+          Type::ImmutableString.new(true: "1", false: "0", **args)
+        end
+        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:string, adapter: :mysql2) do |_, **args|
+          Type::String.new(true: "1", false: "0", **args)
         end
-
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:string, MysqlString, adapter: :mysql2)
         ActiveRecord::Type.register(:unsigned_integer, Type::UnsignedInteger, adapter: :mysql2)
     end
   end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/column.rb

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     # An abstract definition of a column in a table.
     class Column
+      include Deduplicable
+
       attr_reader :name, :default, :sql_type_metadata, :null, :default_function, :collation, :comment
 
       delegate :precision, :scale, :limit, :type, :sql_type, to: :sql_type_metadata, allow_nil: true
@@ -76,6 +78,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       def hash
         Column.hash ^
           name.hash ^
+          name.encoding.hash ^
           default.hash ^
           sql_type_metadata.hash ^
           null.hash ^
@@ -83,10 +86,21 @@ module ActiveRecord
           collation.hash ^
           comment.hash
       end
+
+      private
+        def deduplicated
+          @name = -name
+          @sql_type_metadata = sql_type_metadata.deduplicate if sql_type_metadata
+          @default = -default if default
+          @default_function = -default_function if default_function
+          @collation = -collation if collation
+          @comment = -comment if comment
+          super
+        end
     end
 
     class NullColumn < Column
-      def initialize(name)
+      def initialize(name, **)
         super(name, nil)
       end
     end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/deduplicable.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module ConnectionAdapters # :nodoc:
+    module Deduplicable
+      extend ActiveSupport::Concern
+
+      module ClassMethods
+        def registry
+          @registry ||= {}
+        end
+
+        def new(*, **)
+          super.deduplicate
+        end
+      end
+
+      def deduplicate
+        self.class.registry[self] ||= deduplicated
+      end
+      alias :-@ :deduplicate
+
+      private
+        def deduplicated
+          freeze
+        end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/legacy_pool_manager.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module ConnectionAdapters
+    class LegacyPoolManager # :nodoc:
+      def initialize
+        @name_to_pool_config = {}
+      end
+
+      def shard_names
+        @name_to_pool_config.keys
+      end
+
+      def pool_configs(_ = nil)
+        @name_to_pool_config.values
+      end
+
+      def remove_pool_config(_, shard)
+        @name_to_pool_config.delete(shard)
+      end
+
+      def get_pool_config(_, shard)
+        @name_to_pool_config[shard]
+      end
+
+      def set_pool_config(role, shard, pool_config)
+        if pool_config
+          @name_to_pool_config[shard] = pool_config
+        else
+          raise ArgumentError, "The `pool_config` for the :#{role} role and :#{shard} shard was `nil`. Please check your configuration. If you want your writing role to be something other than `:writing` set `config.active_record.writing_role` in your application configuration. The same setting should be applied for the `reading_role` if applicable."
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb

@@ -26,6 +26,17 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         def write_query?(sql) # :nodoc:
           !READ_QUERY.match?(sql)
+        rescue ArgumentError # Invalid encoding
+          !READ_QUERY.match?(sql.b)
+        end
+
+        def explain(arel, binds = [])
+          sql     = "EXPLAIN #{to_sql(arel, binds)}"
+          start   = Concurrent.monotonic_time
+          result  = exec_query(sql, "EXPLAIN", binds)
+          elapsed = Concurrent.monotonic_time - start
+
+          MySQL::ExplainPrettyPrinter.new.pp(result, elapsed)
         end
 
         # Executes the SQL statement in the context of this connection.
@@ -45,17 +56,17 @@ module ActiveRecord
           if without_prepared_statement?(binds)
             execute_and_free(sql, name) do |result|
               if result
-                ActiveRecord::Result.new(result.fields, result.to_a)
+                build_result(columns: result.fields, rows: result.to_a)
               else
-                ActiveRecord::Result.new([], [])
+                build_result(columns: [], rows: [])
               end
             end
           else
             exec_stmt_and_free(sql, name, binds, cache_stmt: prepare) do |_, result|
               if result
-                ActiveRecord::Result.new(result.fields, result.to_a)
+                build_result(columns: result.fields, rows: result.to_a)
               else
-                ActiveRecord::Result.new([], [])
+                build_result(columns: [], rows: [])
               end
             end
           end
@@ -88,39 +99,27 @@ module ActiveRecord
             @connection.last_id
           end
 
-          def supports_set_server_option?
-            @connection.respond_to?(:set_server_option)
-          end
+          def multi_statements_enabled?
+            flags = @config[:flags]
 
-          def multi_statements_enabled?(flags)
             if flags.is_a?(Array)
               flags.include?("MULTI_STATEMENTS")
             else
-              (flags & Mysql2::Client::MULTI_STATEMENTS) != 0
+              flags.anybits?(Mysql2::Client::MULTI_STATEMENTS)
             end
           end
 
           def with_multi_statements
-            previous_flags = @config[:flags]
+            multi_statements_was = multi_statements_enabled?
 
-            unless multi_statements_enabled?(previous_flags)
-              if supports_set_server_option?
-                @connection.set_server_option(Mysql2::Client::OPTION_MULTI_STATEMENTS_ON)
-              else
-                @config[:flags] = Mysql2::Client::MULTI_STATEMENTS
-                reconnect!
-              end
+            unless multi_statements_was
+              @connection.set_server_option(Mysql2::Client::OPTION_MULTI_STATEMENTS_ON)
             end
 
             yield
           ensure
-            unless multi_statements_enabled?(previous_flags)
-              if supports_set_server_option?
-                @connection.set_server_option(Mysql2::Client::OPTION_MULTI_STATEMENTS_OFF)
-              else
-                @config[:flags] = previous_flags
-                reconnect!
-              end
+            unless multi_statements_was
+              @connection.set_server_option(Mysql2::Client::OPTION_MULTI_STATEMENTS_OFF)
             end
           end
 
@@ -157,6 +156,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
             end
 
             materialize_transactions
+            mark_transaction_written_if_write(sql)
 
             # make sure we carry over any changes to ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone that have been
             # made since we established the connection

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/explain_pretty_printer.rb

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
             items.each_with_index do |item, i|
               item = "NULL" if item.nil?
               justifier = item.is_a?(Numeric) ? "rjust" : "ljust"
-              cells << item.to_s.send(justifier, widths[i])
+              cells << item.to_s.public_send(justifier, widths[i])
             end
             "| " + cells.join(" | ") + " |"
           end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/quoting.rb

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
+require "active_support/time_with_zone"
+
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
               # `table_name`.`column_name` | function(one or no argument)
               ((?:\w+\.|`\w+`\.)?(?:\w+|`\w+`)) | \w+\((?:|\g<2>)\)
             )
-            (?:\s+AS\s+(?:\w+|`\w+`))?
+            (?:(?:\s+AS)?\s+(?:\w+|`\w+`))?
           )
           (?:\s*,\s*\g<1>)*
           \z
@@ -69,10 +71,23 @@ module ActiveRecord
         private_constant :COLUMN_NAME, :COLUMN_NAME_WITH_ORDER
 
         private
+          # Override +_type_cast+ we pass to mysql2 Date and Time objects instead
+          # of Strings since mysql2 is able to handle those classes more efficiently.
           def _type_cast(value)
             case value
-            when Date, Time then value
-            else super
+            when ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone
+              # We need to check explicitly for ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone because
+              # we need to transform it to Time objects but we don't want to
+              # transform Time objects to themselves.
+              if ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone == :utc
+                value.getutc
+              else
+                value.getlocal
+              end
+            when Date, Time
+              value
+            else
+              super
             end
           end
       end