activerecord 4.1.15 → 4.2.0.beta1

data/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,344 +1,374 @@
-## Rails 4.1.15 (March 07, 2016) ##
+*   Fixed the `Relation#exists?` to work with polymorphic associations.
 
-*   Fixes custom primary keys for associations when calling `Relation#where`
+    Fixes #15821.
 
-    Fixes #23327.
-
-    *Rick Song*
-
-*   No longer pass deprecated option `-i` to `pg_dump`.
-
-    *Paul Sadauskas*
+    *Kassio Borges*
 
+*   Currently, Active Record will rescue any errors raised within
+    after_rollback/after_create callbacks and print them to the logs. Next versions of rails
+    will not rescue those errors anymore, and just bubble them up, as the other callbacks.
 
-## Rails 4.1.14.2 (February 26, 2016) ##
+    This adds a opt-in flag to enable that behaviour, of not rescuing the errors.
+    Example:
 
-*   No changes.
+        # For not swallow errors in after_commit/after_rollback callbacks.
+        config.active_record.raise_in_transactional_callbacks = true
 
+    Fixes #13460.
 
-## Rails 4.1.14.1 (January 25, 2015) ##
+    *arthurnn*
 
-*   No changes.
+*   Fixed an issue where custom accessor methods (such as those generated by
+    `enum`) with the same name as a global method are incorrectly overridden
+    when subclassing.
 
+    Fixes #16288.
 
-## Rails 4.1.14 (November 12, 2015) ##
+    *Godfrey Chan*
 
-*   No longer pass deprecated option `-i` to `pg_dump`.
+*   `*_was` and `changes` now work correctly for in-place attribute changes as
+    well.
 
-    *Paul Sadauskas*
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
-*   Includes HABTM returns correct size now. It's caused by the join dependency
-    only instantiates one HABTM object because the join table hasn't a primary key.
+*   Fix regression on after_commit that didnt fire when having nested transactions.
 
-    Fixes #16032.
+    Fixes #16425
 
-    Examples:
+    *arthurnn*
 
-        before:
+*   Do not try to write timestamps when a table has no timestamps columns.
 
-        Project.first.salaried_developers.size # => 3
-        Project.includes(:salaried_developers).first.salaried_developers.size # => 1
+    Fixes #8813.
 
-        after:
+    *Sergey Potapov*
 
-        Project.first.salaried_developers.size # => 3
-        Project.includes(:salaried_developers).first.salaried_developers.size # => 3
+*   `index_exists?` with `:name` option does verify specified columns.
 
-    *Bigxiang*
+    Example:
 
+        add_index :articles, :title, name: "idx_title"
 
-## Rails 4.1.13 (August 24, 2015) ##
+        # Before:
+        index_exists? :articles, :title, name: "idx_title" # => `true`
+        index_exists? :articles, :body, name: "idx_title" # => `true`
 
-*   Don't define autosave association callbacks twice from
-    `accepts_nested_attributes_for`.
+        # After:
+        index_exists? :articles, :title, name: "idx_title" # => `true`
+        index_exists? :articles, :body, name: "idx_title" # => `false`
 
-    Fixes #18704.
+    *Yves Senn*, *Matthew Draper*
 
-    *Sean Griffin*
+*   When calling `update_columns` on a record that is not persisted, the error
+    message now reflects whether that object is a new record or has been
+    destroyed.
 
+    *Lachlan Sylvester*
 
-## Rails 4.1.12 (June 25, 2015) ##
+*   Define `id_was` to get the previous value of the primary key.
 
-*   Raises the right exception when declares a has many through
-    association with missing source.
+    Currently when we call id_was and we have a custom primary key name
+    Active Record will return the current value of the primary key. This
+    make impossible to correctly do an update operation if you change the
+    id.
 
-    *Mauro George*
+    Fixes #16413.
 
-*   Revert behavior of `db:schema:load` back to loading the full
-    environment. This ensures that initializers are run.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    Fixes #19545.
+*   Deprecate `DatabaseTasks.load_schema` to act on the current connection.
+    Use `.load_schema_current` instead. In the future `load_schema` will
+    require the `configuration` to act on as an argument.
 
     *Yves Senn*
 
-*   Rename `:class` to `:anonymous_class` in association options.
-
-    Fixes #19659.
-
-    *Andrew White*
-
-*   Fix referencing wrong table aliases while joining tables of has many through
-    association (only when calling calculation methods).
-
-    Fixes #19276.
-
-    *pinglamb*
-
-
-## Rails 4.1.11 (June 16, 2015) ##
+*   Fixed automatic maintaining test schema to properly handle sql structure
+    schema format.
 
-*   No changes.
+    Fixes #15394.
 
+    *Wojciech Wnętrzak*
 
-## Rails 4.1.10 (March 19, 2015) ##
+*   Fix type casting to Decimal from Float with large precision.
 
-*   Fixed ActiveRecord::Relation#becomes! and changed_attributes issues for type column
+    *Tomohiro Hashidate*
 
-    Fixes #17139.
+*   Deprecate `Reflection#source_macro`
 
-    *Miklos Fazekas*
+    `Reflection#source_macro` is no longer needed in Active Record
+    source so it has been deprecated. Code that used `source_macro`
+    was removed in #16353.
 
-*   A `NullRelation` should represent nothing. This fixes a bug where
-    `Comment.where(post_id: Post.none)` returned a non-empty result.
+    *Eileen M. Uchtitelle*, *Aaron Patterson*
 
-    Closes #15176.
+*   No verbose backtrace by db:drop when database does not exist.
 
-    *Matthew Draper*, *Yves Senn*
+    Fixes #16295.
 
-*   Respect custom primary keys for associations when calling `Relation#where`
+    *Kenn Ejima*
 
-    Fixes #18813.
+*   Add support for Postgresql JSONB.
 
-    *Sean Griffin*
+    Example:
 
-*   Fixed ActiveRecord::Relation#group method when argument is SQL reserved key word:
+        create_table :posts do |t|
+          t.jsonb :meta_data
+        end
 
-      SplitTest.group(:key).count
-      Property.group(:value).count
+    *Philippe Creux*, *Chris Teague*
 
-    *Bogdan Gusiev*
+*   `db:purge` with MySQL respects `Rails.env`.
 
-*   Fixed setting of foreign_key for through associations while building of new record.
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-    Fixes #12698.
+*   `change_column_default :table, :column, nil` with PostgreSQL will issue a
+    `DROP DEFAULT` instead of a `DEFAULT NULL` query.
 
-    *Ivan Antropov*
+    Fixes #16261.
 
-*   Fixed automatic inverse_of for models nested in module.
+    *Matthew Draper*, *Yves Senn*
 
-    *Andrew McCloud*
+*   Allow to specify a type for the foreign key column in `references`
+    and `add_reference`.
 
-*   Fix `reaping_frequency` option when the value is a string.
+    Example:
 
-    This usually happens when it is configured using `DATABASE_URL`.
+        change_table :vehicle do |t|
+          t.references :station, type: :uuid
+        end
 
-    *korbin*
+    *Andrey Novikov*, *Łukasz Sarnacki*
 
+*   `create_join_table` removes a common prefix when generating the join table.
+    This matches the existing behavior of HABTM associations.
 
-## Rails 4.1.9 (January 6, 2015) ##
+    Fixes #13683.
 
-*   `db:schema:load` and `db:structure:load` no longer purge the database
-    before loading the schema. This is left for the user to do.
-    `db:test:prepare` will still purge the database.
+    *Stefan Kanev*
 
-    Closes #17945.
+*   Dont swallow errors on compute_type when having a bad alias_method on
+    a class.
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+    *arthurnn*
 
-*   Bring back `db:test:prepare` to synchronize the test database schema.
+*   PostgreSQL invalid `uuid` are convert to nil.
 
-    Manual synchronization using `bin/rake db:test:prepare` is required
-    when a migration is rolled-back, edited and reapplied.
+    *Abdelkader Boudih*
 
-    `ActiveRecord::Base.maintain_test_schema` now uses `db:test:prepare`
-    to synchronize the schema. Plugins can use this task as a hook to
-    provide custom behavior after the schema has been loaded.
+*   Restore 4.0 behavior for using serialize attributes with `JSON` as coder.
 
-    NOTE: `test:prepare` runs before the schema was synchronized.
+    With 4.1.x, `serialize` started returning a string when `JSON` was passed as
+    the second attribute. It will now return a hash as per previous versions.
 
-    Fixes #17171, #15787.
+    Example:
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+        class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
+          serialize :comment, JSON
+        end
 
-*   Renaming a table in pg also renames the primary key index.
+        class Comment
+          include ActiveModel::Model
+          attr_accessor :category, :text
+        end
 
-    Fixes #12856
+        post = Post.create!
+        post.comment = Comment.new(category: "Animals", text: "This is a comment about squirrels.")
+        post.save!
 
-    *Sean Griffin*
+        # 4.0
+        post.comment # => {"category"=>"Animals", "text"=>"This is a comment about squirrels."}
 
-*   Make it possible to access fixtures excluded by a `default_scope`.
+        # 4.1 before
+        post.comment # => "#<Comment:0x007f80ab48ff98>"
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+        # 4.1 after
+        post.comment # => {"category"=>"Animals", "text"=>"This is a comment about squirrels."}
 
-*   `timestamps` and `add_timestamps` passes additional options along.
-    (like `null: false`)
+    When using `JSON` as the coder in `serialize`, Active Record will use the
+    new `ActiveRecord::Coders::JSON` coder which delegates its `dump/load` to
+    `ActiveSupport::JSON.encode/decode`. This ensures special objects are dumped
+    correctly using the `#as_json` hook.
 
-    Closes #17624.
+    To keep the previous behaviour, supply a custom coder instead
+    ([example](https://gist.github.com/jenncoop/8c4142bbe59da77daa63)).
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+    Fixes #15594.
 
+    *Jenn Cooper*
 
-## Rails 4.1.8 (November 16, 2014) ##
+*   Do not use `RENAME INDEX` syntax for MariaDB 10.0.
 
-*   Cache `CollectionAssociation#reader` proxies separately before and after
-    the owner has been saved so that the proxy is not cached without the
-    owner's id.
+    Fixes #15931.
 
-    *Ben Woosley*
+    *Jeff Browning*
 
-*   Fix preloading of associations which unscope a default scope.
+*   Calling `#empty?` on a `has_many` association would use the value from the
+    counter cache if one exists.
 
-    Fixes #11036.
+    *David Verhasselt*
 
-    *Byron Bischoff*
+*   Fix the schema dump generated for tables without constraints and with
+    primary key with default value of custom PostgreSQL function result.
 
-*   Do not use `RENAME INDEX` syntax for MariaDB 10.0.
+    Fixes #16111.
 
-    Fixes #15931.
+    *Andrey Novikov*
 
-    *Jeff Browning*
+*   Fix the SQL generated when a `delete_all` is run on an association to not
+    produce an `IN` statements.
 
-*   Allow included modules to override association methods.
+    Before:
 
-    Fixes #16684.
+      UPDATE "categorizations" SET "category_id" = NULL WHERE
+      "categorizations"."category_id" = 1 AND "categorizations"."id" IN (1, 2)
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+    After:
 
-*   Schema loading rake tasks (like `db:schema:load` and `db:setup`) maintain
-    the database connection to the current environment.
+      UPDATE "categorizations" SET "category_id" = NULL WHERE
+      "categorizations"."category_id" = 1
 
-    Fixes #16757.
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle, Aaron Patterson*
 
-    *Joshua Cody*, *Yves Senn*
+*   Avoid type casting boolean and ActiveSupport::Duration values to numeric
+    values for string columns. Otherwise, in some database, the string column
+    values will be coerced to a numeric allowing false or 0.seconds match any
+    string starting with a non-digit.
 
-*   `db:purge` with MySQL respects `Rails.env`.
+    Example:
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+        App.where(apikey: false) # => SELECT * FROM users WHERE apikey = '0'
 
-*   Fixed automatic maintaining test schema to properly handle sql structure
-    schema format.
+    *Dylan Thacker-Smith*
 
-    Fixes #15394.
+*   Add a `:required` option to singular associations, providing a nicer
+    API for presence validations on associations.
 
-    *Wojciech Wnętrzak*
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
-*   Fix has_many :through relation merging failing when dynamic conditions are
-    passed as a lambda with an arity of one.
+*   Fixed error in `reset_counters` when associations have `select` scope.
+    (Call to `count` generates invalid SQL.)
 
-    Fixes #16128.
+    *Cade Truitt*
 
-    *Agis Anastasopoulos*
+*   After a successful `reload`, `new_record?` is always false.
 
+    Fixes #12101.
 
-## Rails 4.1.7.1 (November 19, 2014) ##
+    *Matthew Draper*
 
-*   No changes.
+*   PostgreSQL renaming table doesn't attempt to rename non existent sequences.
 
+    *Abdelkader Boudih*
 
-## Rails 4.1.7 (October 29, 2014) ##
+*   Move 'dependent: :destroy' handling for 'belongs_to'
+    from 'before_destroy' to 'after_destroy' callback chain
 
-*   No changes.
+    Fixes #12380.
 
+    *Ivan Antropov*
 
-## Rails 4.1.6 (September 11, 2014) ##
+*   Detect in-place modifications on String attributes.
 
-*   Fixed a regression where whitespaces were stripped from DISTINCT queries in
-    PostgreSQL.
+    Before this change user have to mark the attribute as changed to it be persisted
+    in the database. Now it is not required anymore.
 
-    *Agis Anastasopoulos*
+    Before:
 
-    Fixes #16623.
+        user = User.first
+        user.name << ' Griffin'
+        user.name_will_change!
+        user.save
+        user.reload.name # => "Sean Griffin"
 
-*   Fixed an issue where custom accessor methods (such as those generated by
-    `enum`) with the same name as a global method are incorrectly overridden
-    when subclassing.
+    After:
 
-    Fixes #16288.
+        user = User.first
+        user.name << ' Griffin'
+        user.save
+        user.reload.name # => "Sean Griffin"
 
-*   Baseclass becomes! subclass.
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
-    Before this change, a record which changed its STI type, could not be found when updated.
-    Setting update_record to the base class, ensures the record can be found.
+*   Add `ActiveRecord::Base#validate!` that raises `RecordInvalid` if the record
+    is invalid.
 
-    Fixes #14785.
+    *Bogdan Gusiev*, *Marc Schütz*
 
-    *Matthew Draper*, *Earl St Sauver*, *Edo Balvers*
+*   Support for adding and removing foreign keys. Foreign keys are now
+    a part of `schema.rb`. This is supported by Mysql2Adapter, MysqlAdapter
+    and PostgreSQLAdapter.
 
-*   Fix regression on after_commit that didnt fire when having nested transactions.
+    Many thanks to *Matthew Higgins* for laying the foundation with his work on
+    [foreigner](https://github.com/matthuhiggins/foreigner).
 
-    Fixes #16425.
+    Example:
 
-    *arthurnn*
+        # within your migrations:
+        add_foreign_key :articles, :authors
+        remove_foreign_key :articles, :authors
 
-*   Define `id_was` to get the previous value of the primary key.
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-    Currently when we call id_was and we have a custom primary key name
-    Active Record will return the current value of the primary key. This
-    make impossible to correctly do an update operation if you change the
-    id.
+*   Fix subtle bugs regarding attribute assignment on models with no primary
+    key. `'id'` will no longer be part of the attributes hash.
 
-    Fixes #16413.
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+*   Deprecate automatic counter caches on `has_many :through`. The behavior was
+    broken and inconsistent.
 
-*   Fix the schema dump generated for tables without constraints and with
-    primary key with default value of custom PostgreSQL function result.
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
-    Fixes #16111.
+*   `preload` preserves readonly flag for associations.
 
-    *Andrey Novikov*
+    See #15853.
 
-*   Restore 4.0 behavior for using serialize attributes with `JSON` as coder.
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-    With 4.1.x, `serialize` started returning a string when `JSON` was passed as
-    the second attribute. It will now return a hash as per previous versions.
+*   Assume numeric types have changed if they were assigned to a value that
+    would fail numericality validation, regardless of the old value. Previously
+    this would only occur if the old value was 0.
 
     Example:
 
-        class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
-          serialize :comment, JSON
-        end
+        model = Model.create!(number: 5)
+        model.number = '5wibble'
+        model.number_changed? # => true
 
-        class Comment
-          include ActiveModel::Model
-          attr_accessor :category, :text
-        end
+    Fixes #14731.
 
-        post = Post.create!
-        post.comment = Comment.new(category: "Animals", text: "This is a comment about squirrels.")
-        post.save!
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
-        # 4.0
-        post.comment # => {"category"=>"Animals", "text"=>"This is a comment about squirrels."}
+*   `reload` no longer merges with the existing attributes.
+    The attribute hash is fully replaced. The record is put into the same state
+    as it would be with `Model.find(model.id)`.
 
-        # 4.1 before
-        post.comment # => "#<Comment:0x007f80ab48ff98>"
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
-        # 4.1 after
-        post.comment # => {"category"=>"Animals", "text"=>"This is a comment about squirrels."}
+*   The object returned from `select_all` must respond to `column_types`.
+    If this is not the case a `NoMethodError` is raised.
 
-    When using `JSON` as the coder in `serialize`, Active Record will use the
-    new `ActiveRecord::Coders::JSON` coder which delegates its `dump/load` to
-    `ActiveSupport::JSON.encode/decode`. This ensures special objects are dumped
-    correctly using the `#as_json` hook.
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
-    To keep the previous behaviour, supply a custom coder instead
-    ([example](https://gist.github.com/jenncoop/8c4142bbe59da77daa63)).
+*   `has_many :through` associations will no longer save the through record
+    twice when added in an `after_create` callback defined before the
+    associations.
 
-    Fixes #15594.
+    Fixes #3798.
 
-    *Jenn Cooper*
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
-*   Fixed error in `reset_counters` when associations have `select` scope.
-    (Call to `count` generates invalid SQL.)
+*   Detect in-place modifications of PG array types
 
-    *Cade Truitt*
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
-*   After a successful `reload`, `new_record?` is always false.
+*   Add `bin/rake db:purge` task to empty the current database.
 
-    Fixes #12101.
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-    *Matthew Draper*
+*   Deprecate `serialized_attributes` without replacement.
+
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
 *   Correctly extract IPv6 addresses from `DATABASE_URI`: the square brackets
     are part of the URI structure, not the actual host.
@@ -347,14 +377,16 @@
 
     *Andy Bakun*, *Aaron Stone*
 
-*   Don't error when quoting user defined types in PostgreSQL.
-
-    Fixes #15697.
+*   Ensure both parent IDs are set on join records when both sides of a
+    through association are new.
 
     *Sean Griffin*
 
-*   Ensure both parent IDs are set on join records when both sides of a
-    through association are new.
+*   `ActiveRecord::Dirty` now detects in-place changes to mutable values.
+    Serialized attributes on ActiveRecord models will no longer save when
+    unchanged.
+
+    Fixes #8328.
 
     *Sean Griffin*
 
@@ -365,6 +397,14 @@
 
     *Sean Griffin*
 
+*   Remove `cache_attributes` and friends. All attributes are cached.
+
+    *Sean Griffin*
+
+*   Remove deprecated method `ActiveRecord::Base.quoted_locking_column`.
+
+    *Akshay Vishnoi*
+
 *   `ActiveRecord::FinderMethods.find` with block can handle proc parameter as
     `Enumerable#find` does.
 
@@ -372,6 +412,12 @@
 
     *James Yang*
 
+*   Make timezone aware attributes work with PostgreSQL array columns.
+
+    Fixes #13402.
+
+    *Kuldeep Aggarwal*, *Sean Griffin*
+
 *   `ActiveRecord::SchemaMigration` has no primary key regardless of the
     `primary_key_prefix_type` configuration.
 
@@ -385,52 +431,72 @@
 
     *Yves Senn*
 
-*   Fixed `columns_for_distinct` of postgresql adapter to work correctly
-    with orders without sort direction modifiers.
+*   Baseclass becomes! subclass.
 
-    *Nikolay Kondratyev*
+    Before this change, a record which changed its STI type, could not be
+    updated.
 
-*   Keep PostgreSQL `hstore` and `json` attributes as `Hash` in `@attributes`.
-    Fixes duplication in combination with `store_accessor`.
+    Fixes #14785.
 
-    Fixes #15369.
+    *Matthew Draper*, *Earl St Sauver*, *Edo Balvers*
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::Migrator.proper_table_name`. Use the
+    `proper_table_name` instance method on `ActiveRecord::Migration` instead.
 
-*   `rake railties:install:migrations` respects the order of railties.
+    *Akshay Vishnoi*
 
-    *Arun Agrawal*
+*   Fix regression on eager loading association based on SQL query rather than
+    existing column.
+
+    Fixes #15480.
 
+    *Lauro Caetano*, *Carlos Antonio da Silva*
 
-## Rails 4.1.5 (August 18, 2014) ##
+*   Deprecate returning `nil` from `column_for_attribute` when no column exists.
+    It will return a null object in Rails 5.0
 
-*   No changes.
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
+*   Implemented ActiveRecord::Base#pretty_print to work with PP.
 
-## Rails 4.1.4 (July 2, 2014) ##
+    *Ethan*
 
-*   Fix regression added from the latest security fix.
+*   Preserve type when dumping PostgreSQL point, bit, bit varying and money
+    columns.
 
-    *Sean Griffin*, *Matthew Draper*
+    *Yves Senn*
 
+*   New records remain new after YAML serialization.
 
-## Rails 4.1.3 (July 2, 2014) ##
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
-*   Fix SQL Injection Vulnerability in 'range' quoting.
+*   PostgreSQL support default values for enum types. Fixes #7814.
 
-    Fixes CVE-2014-3483
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+*   PostgreSQL `default_sequence_name` respects schema. Fixes #7516.
 
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-## Rails 4.1.2 (June 26, 2014) ##
+*   Fixed `columns_for_distinct` of postgresql adapter to work correctly
+    with orders without sort direction modifiers.
 
-*   Fix regression on eager loading association based on SQL query rather than
-    existing column.
+    *Nikolay Kondratyev*
 
-    Fixes #15480.
+*   PostgreSQL `reset_pk_sequence!` respects schemas. Fixes #14719.
 
-    *Lauro Caetano*, *Carlos Antonio da Silva*
+    *Yves Senn*
+
+*   Keep PostgreSQL `hstore` and `json` attributes as `Hash` in `@attributes`.
+    Fixes duplication in combination with `store_accessor`.
+
+    Fixes #15369.
+
+    *Yves Senn*
+
+*   `rake railties:install:migrations` respects the order of railties.
+
+    *Arun Agrawal*
 
 *   Fix redefine a has_and_belongs_to_many inside inherited class
     Fixing regression case, where redefining the same has_an_belongs_to_many
@@ -454,2220 +520,612 @@
 
     *Godfrey Chan*
 
-*   Fixed serialized fields returning serialized data after being updated with
-    `update_column`.
-
-    *Simon Hørup Eskildsen*
-
 *   When a `group` is set, `sum`, `size`, `average`, `minimum` and `maximum`
     on a NullRelation should return a Hash.
 
     *Kuldeep Aggarwal*
 
-*   Fixed polymorphic eager loading when using a String as foreign key.
-
-    Fixes #14734.
-
-    *Lauro Caetano*
-
-*   Fixed the inferred table name of a has_and_belongs_to_many auxiliar
-    table inside a schema.
-
-    Fixes #14824
-
-    *Eric Chahin*
-
-*   Fix bug that added `table_name_prefix` and `table_name_suffix` to
-    extension names in PostgreSQL when migrating.
-
-    *Joao Carlos*
-
-*   Floats with limit >= 25 that get turned into doubles in MySQL no longer have
-    their limit dropped from the schema.
-
-    Fixes #14135.
-
-    *Aaron Nelson*
-
-*   Fix how to calculate associated class name when using namespaced has_and_belongs_to_many
-    association.
-
-    Fixes #14709.
-
-    *Kassio Borges*
-
-*   `ActiveRecord::Relation::Merger#filter_binds` now compares equivalent symbols and
-    strings in column names as equal.
-
-    This fixes a rare case in which more bind values are passed than there are
-    placeholders for them in the generated SQL statement, which can make PostgreSQL
-    throw a `StatementInvalid` exception.
-
-    *Nat Budin*
-
-*   Fix `stored_attributes` to correctly merge the details of stored
-    attributes defined in parent classes.
-
-    Fixes #14672.
-
-    *Brad Bennett*, *Jessica Yao*, *Lakshmi Parthasarathy*
-
-*   `change_column_default` allows `[]` as argument to `change_column_default`.
-
-    Fixes #11586.
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Fix `PostgreSQLAdapter::OID::Float#type_cast` to convert Infinity and
-    NaN PostgreSQL values into a native Ruby `Float::INFINITY` and `Float::NAN`
-
-    Example:
-
-        # Before
-        Point.create(value: 1.0/0)
-        Point.last.value # => 0.0
-
-        # After
-        Point.create(value: 1.0/0)
-        Point.last.value # => Infinity
-
-    *Innokenty Mikhailov*
-
-*   Allow the PostgreSQL adapter to handle bigserial primary key types again.
-
-    Fixes #10410.
-
-    *Patrick Robertson*
-
-*   Fixed has_and_belongs_to_many's CollectionAssociation size calculation.
-
-    has_and_belongs_to_many should fall back to using the normal CollectionAssociation's
-    size calculation if the collection is not cached or loaded.
-
-    Fixes #14913 and #14914.
-
-    *Fred Wu*
-
-*   Revert the behaviour of `ActiveRecord::Relation#join` changed through 4.0 => 4.1 to 4.0.
-
-    In 4.1.0 `Relation#join` is delegated to `Arel#SelectManager`.
-    In 4.0 series it is delegated to `Array#join`.
-
-    *Bogdan Gusiev*
-
-*   Log nil binary column values correctly.
-
-    When an object with a binary column is updated with a nil value
-    in that column, the SQL logger would throw an exception when trying
-    to log that nil value. This only occurs when updating a record
-    that already has a non-nil value in that column since an initial nil
-    value isn't included in the SQL anyway (at least, when dirty checking
-    is enabled.) The column's new value will now be logged as `<NULL binary data>`
-    to parallel the existing `<N bytes of binary data>` for non-nil values.
-
-    *James Coleman*
-
-*   Stringify all variables keys of MySQL connection configuration.
-
-    When `sql_mode` variable for MySQL adapters set in configuration as `String`
-    was ignored and overwritten by strict mode option.
-
-    Fixes #14895.
-
-    *Paul Nikitochkin*
-
-*   Ensure SQLite3 statements are closed on errors.
-
-    Fixes #13631.
-
-    *Timur Alperovich*
-
-*   Fix excluding lower bounds of PostgreSQL date and int ranges.
-
-    *River MacLeod*, *Yves Senn*
-
-*   When using a custom `join_table` name on a `habtm`, rails was not saving it
-    on Reflections. This causes a problem when rails loads fixtures, because it
-    uses the reflections to set database with fixtures.
-
-    Fixes #14845.
-
-    *Kassio Borges*
-
-*   `ActiveRecord::Base.no_touching` no longer triggers callbacks or start empty transactions.
-
-    Fixes #14841.
-
-    *Lucas Mazza*
-
-*   Fix name collision with `Array#select!` with `Relation#select!`.
-
-    Fixes #14752.
-
-    *Earl St Sauver*
-
-*   Fixed unexpected behavior for `has_many :through` associations going through a scoped `has_many`.
-
-    If a `has_many` association is adjusted using a scope, and another `has_many :through`
-    uses this association, then the scope adjustment is unexpectedly neglected.
-
-    Fixes #14537.
-
-    *Jan Habermann*
-
-*   When a destroyed record is duped, the dup is not `destroyed?`.
-
-    *Kuldeep Aggarwal*
-
-*   Fixed has_many association to make it support irregular inflections.
-
-    Fixes #8928.
-
-    *arthurnn*, *Javier Goizueta*
-
-*   Calling `delete_all` on an unloaded `CollectionProxy` no longer
-    generates a SQL statement containing each id of the collection:
-
-    Before:
-
-        DELETE FROM `model` WHERE `model`.`parent_id` = 1
-        AND `model`.`id` IN (1, 2, 3...)
-
-    After:
-
-        DELETE FROM `model` WHERE `model`.`parent_id` = 1
-
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *Aaron Patterson*
-
-*   Fixed a problem where count used with a grouping was not returning a Hash.
-
-    Fixes #14721.
-
-    *Eric Chahin*
-
-*   Do not quote uuid default value on `change_column`.
-
-    Fixes #14604.
-
-    *Eric Chahin*
-
-*   The comparison between `Relation` and `CollectionProxy` should be consistent.
-
-    Example:
-
-        author.posts == Post.where(author_id: author.id)
-        # => true
-        Post.where(author_id: author.id) == author.posts
-        # => true
-
-    Fixes #13506.
-
-    *Lauro Caetano*
-
-*   PostgreSQL adapter only warns once for every missing OID per connection.
-
-    Fixes #14275.
-
-    *Matthew Draper*, *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Fixed error for aggregate methods (`empty?`, `any?`, `count`) with `select`
-    which created invalid SQL.
-
-    Fixes #13648.
-
-    *Simon Woker*
-
-*   Fix insertion of records via `has_many :through` association with scope.
-
-    Fixes #3548.
-
-    *Ivan Antropov*
-
-*   Make possible to have an association called `records`.
-
-    Fixes #11645.
-
-    *prathamesh-sonpatki*
-
-*   `to_sql` on an association now matches the query that is actually executed, where it
-    could previously have incorrectly accrued additional conditions (e.g. as a result of
-    a previous query). CollectionProxy now always defers to the association scope's
-    `arel` method so the (incorrect) inherited one should be entirely concealed.
-
-    Fixes #14003.
-
-    *Jefferson Lai*
-
-*   Fixed error when using `with_options` with lambda.
-
-    Fixes #9805.
-
-    *Lauro Caetano*
-
-*   Fixed error when specifying a non-empty default value on a PostgreSQL array column.
-
-    Fixes #10613.
-
-    *Luke Steensen*
-
-*   Fixed error where .persisted? throws SystemStackError for an unsaved model with a
-    custom primary key that didn't save due to validation error.
-
-    Fixes #14393.
-
-    *Chris Finne*
-
-*   `rake db:structure:dump` only dumps schema information if the schema
-    migration table exists.
-
-    Fixes #14217.
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Add support for `Relation` be passed as parameter on `QueryCache#select_all`.
-
-    Fixes #14361.
-
-    *arthurnn*
-
-*   Only save `has_one` associations if record has changes. Previously after save
-    related callbacks, such as `#after_commit`, were triggered when the
-    `has_one` object did not get saved to the db.
-
-    *Alan Kennedy*
-
-
-## Rails 4.1.1 (May 6, 2014) ##
-
-*   No changes.
-
-
-## Rails 4.1.0 (April 8, 2014) ##
-
-*   Fixed a problem where an enum would overwrite values of another enum
-    with the same name in an unrelated class.
-
-    Fixes #14607.
-
-    *Evan Whalen*
-
-
-*   Block a few default Class methods as scope name.
-
-    For instance, this will raise:
-
-        scope :public, -> { where(status: 1) }
-
-    *arthurnn*
-
-*   Deprecate SQLite database URLs containing an
-    authority.
-
-    The current "correct" spellings for in-memory, relative, and
-    absolute URLs, respectively, are:
-
-        sqlite3::memory:
-        sqlite3:relative/path
-        sqlite3:/full/path
-
-    The previous spelling (`sqlite3:///relative/path`) continues to work
-    as it did in Rails 4.0, but with a deprecation warning: in the next
-    release, that spelling will instead be interpreted as an absolute
-    path.
-
-    *Matthew Draper*
-
-*   `where.not` adds `references` for `includes` like normal `where` calls do.
-
-    Fixes #14406.
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   `includes` is able to detect the right preloading strategy when string
-    joins are involved.
-
-    Fixes #14109.
-
-    *Aaron Patterson*, *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Fixed error with validation with enum fields for records where the
-    value for any enum attribute is always evaluated as 0 during
-    uniqueness validation.
-
-    Fixes #14172.
-
-    *Vilius Luneckas* *Ahmed AbouElhamayed*
-
-*   `before_add` callbacks are fired before the record is saved on
-    `has_and_belongs_to_many` assocations *and* on `has_many :through`
-    associations.  Before this change, `before_add` callbacks would be fired
-    before the record was saved on `has_and_belongs_to_many` associations, but
-    *not* on `has_many :through` associations.
-
-    Fixes #14144.
-
-*   Fixed STI classes not defining an attribute method if there is a
-    conflicting private method defined on its ancestors.
-
-    Fixes #11569.
-
-    *Godfrey Chan*
-
-*   Default scopes are no longer overriden by chained conditions.
-
-    Before this change when you defined a `default_scope` in a model
-    it was overriden by chained conditions in the same field. Now it
-    is merged like any other scope.
-
-    Before:
-
-        class User < ActiveRecord::Base
-          default_scope { where state: 'pending' }
-          scope :active, -> { where state: 'active' }
-          scope :inactive, -> { where state: 'inactive' }
-        end
-
-        User.all
-        # SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."state" = 'pending'
-
-        User.active
-        # SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."state" = 'active'
-
-        User.where(state: 'inactive')
-        # SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."state" = 'inactive'
-
-    After:
-
-        class User < ActiveRecord::Base
-          default_scope { where state: 'pending' }
-          scope :active, -> { where state: 'active' }
-          scope :inactive, -> { where state: 'inactive' }
-        end
-
-        User.all
-        # SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."state" = 'pending'
-
-        User.active
-        # SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."state" = 'pending' AND "users"."state" = 'active'
-
-        User.where(state: 'inactive')
-        # SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."state" = 'pending' AND "users"."state" = 'inactive'
-
-    To get the previous behavior it is needed to explicitly remove the
-    `default_scope` condition using `unscoped`, `unscope`, `rewhere` or
-    `except`.
-
-    Example:
-
-        class User < ActiveRecord::Base
-          default_scope { where state: 'pending' }
-          scope :active, -> { unscope(where: :state).where(state: 'active') }
-          scope :inactive, -> { rewhere state: 'inactive' }
-        end
-
-        User.all
-        # SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."state" = 'pending'
-
-        User.active
-        # SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."state" = 'active'
-
-        User.inactive
-        # SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."state" = 'inactive'
-
-*   Perform necessary deeper encoding when hstore is inside an array.
-
-    Fixes #11135.
-
-    *Josh Goodall*, *Genadi Samokovarov*
-
-*   Properly detect if a connection is still active before using it
-    in multi-threaded environments.
-
-    Fixes #12867.
-
-    *Kevin Casey*, *Matthew Draper*, *William (B.J.) Snow Orvis*
-
-*   When inverting add_index use the index name if present instead of
-    the columns.
-
-    If there are two indices with matching columns and one of them is
-    explicitly named then reverting the migration adding the named one
-    would instead drop the unnamed one.
-
-    The inversion of add_index will now drop the index by its name if
-    it is present.
-
-    *Hubert Dąbrowski*
-
-*   Add flag to disable schema dump after migration.
-
-    Add a config parameter on Active Record named `dump_schema_after_migration`
-    which is true by default. Now schema dump does not happen at the
-    end of migration rake task if `dump_schema_after_migration` is false.
-
-    *Emil Soman*
-
-*   `find_in_batches`, `find_each`, `Result#each` and `Enumerable#index_by` now
-    return an `Enumerator` that can calculate its size.
-
-    See also #13938.
-
-    *Marc-André Lafortune*
-
-*   Make sure transaction state gets reset after a commit operation on the record.
-
-    If a new transaction was open inside a callback, the record was loosing track
-    of the transaction level state, and it was leaking that state.
-
-    Fixes #12566.
-
-    *arthurnn*
-
-*   Pass `has_and_belongs_to_many` `:autosave` option to
-    the underlying `has_many :through` association.
-
-    Fixes #13923.
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   PostgreSQL implementation of `SchemaStatements#index_name_exists?`.
-
-    The database agnostic implementation does not detect with indexes that are
-    not supported by the ActiveRecord schema dumper. For example, expressions
-    indexes would not be detected.
-
-    Fixes #11018.
-
-    *Jonathan Baudanza*
-
-*   Parsing PostgreSQL arrays with empty strings now works correctly.
-
-    Previously, if you tried to parse `{"1","","2","","3"}` the result
-    would be `["1","2","3"]`, removing the empty strings from the array,
-    which would be incorrect. Now it will correctly produce `["1","","2","","3"]`
-    as the result of parsing the above PostgreSQL array.
-
-    Fixes #13907.
-
-    *Maurício Linhares*
-
-*   Associations now raise `ArgumentError` on name conflicts.
-
-    Dangerous association names conflicts include instance or class methods already
-    defined by `ActiveRecord::Base`.
-
-    Example:
-
-        class Car < ActiveRecord::Base
-          has_many :errors
-        end
-        # Will raise ArgumentError.
-
-    Fixes #13217.
-
-    *Lauro Caetano*
-
-*   Fix regressions on `select_*` methods.
-    When `select_*` methods receive a `Relation` object, they should be able to
-    get the arel/binds from it.
-    Also fix regressions on `select_rows` that was ignoring the binds.
-
-    Fixes #7538, #12017, #13731, #12056.
-
-    *arthurnn*
-
-*   Active Record objects can now be correctly dumped, loaded and dumped again
-    without issues.
-
-    Previously, if you did `YAML.dump`, `YAML.load` and then `YAML.dump` again
-    in an Active Record model that used serialization it would fail at the last
-    dump due to the fields not being correctly serialized before being dumped
-    to YAML. Now it is possible to dump and load the same object as many times
-    as needed without any issues.
-
-    Fixes #13861.
-
-    *Maurício Linhares*
-
-*   `find_in_batches` now returns an `Enumerator` when called without a block, so that it
-    can be chained with other `Enumerable` methods.
-
-    *Marc-André Lafortune*
-
-*   `enum` now raises on "dangerous" name conflicts.
-
-    Dangerous name conflicts includes instance or class method conflicts
-    with methods defined within `ActiveRecord::Base` but not its ancestors,
-    as well as conflicts with methods generated by other enums on the same
-    class.
-
-    Fixes #13389.
-
-    *Godfrey Chan*
-
-*   `scope` now raises on "dangerous" name conflicts.
-
-    Similar to dangerous attribute methods, a scope name conflict is
-    dangerous if it conflicts with an existing class method defined within
-    `ActiveRecord::Base` but not its ancestors.
-
-    See also #13389.
-
-    *Godfrey Chan*, *Philippe Creux*
-
-*   Correctly send an user provided statement to a `lock!()` call.
-
-        person.lock! 'FOR SHARE NOWAIT'
-        # Before: SELECT * ... LIMIT 1 FOR UPDATE
-        # After: SELECT * ... LIMIT 1 FOR SHARE NOWAIT
-
-    Fixes #13788.
-
-    *Maurício Linhares*
-
-*   Handle aliased attributes `select()`, `order()` and `reorder()`.
-
-    *Tsutomu Kuroda*
-
-*   Reset the collection association when calling `reset` on it.
-
-    Before:
-
-        post.comments.loaded? # => true
-        post.comments.reset
-        post.comments.loaded? # => true
-
-    After:
-
-        post.comments.loaded? # => true
-        post.comments.reset
-        post.comments.loaded? # => false
-
-    Fixes #13777.
-
-    *Kelsey Schlarman*
-
-*   Make enum fields work as expected with the `ActiveModel::Dirty` API.
-
-    Before this change, using the dirty API would have surprising results:
-
-        conversation = Conversation.new
-        conversation.status = :active
-        conversation.status = :archived
-        conversation.status_was # => 0
-
-    After this change, the same code would result in:
-
-        conversation = Conversation.new
-        conversation.status = :active
-        conversation.status = :archived
-        conversation.status_was # => "active"
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   `has_one` and `belongs_to` accessors don't add ORDER BY to the queries
-    anymore.
-
-    Since Rails 4.0, we add an ORDER BY in the `first` method to ensure
-    consistent results among different database engines. But for singular
-    associations this behavior is not needed since we will have one record to
-    return. As this ORDER BY option can lead some performance issues we are
-    removing it for singular associations accessors.
-
-    Fixes #12623.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Prepend table name for column names passed to `Relation#select`.
-
-    Example:
-
-        Post.select(:id)
-        # Before: => SELECT id FROM "posts"
-        # After: => SELECT "posts"."id" FROM "posts"
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Fail early with "Primary key not included in the custom select clause"
-    in `find_in_batches`.
-
-    Before this patch, the exception was raised after the first batch was
-    yielded to the block. This means that you only get it, when you hit the
-    `batch_size` treshold. This could shadow the issue in development.
-
-    *Alexander Balashov*
-
-*   Ensure `second` through `fifth` methods act like the `first` finder.
-
-    The famous ordinal Array instance methods defined in ActiveSupport
-    (`first`, `second`, `third`, `fourth`, and `fifth`) are now available as
-    full-fledged finders in ActiveRecord. The biggest benefit of this is ordering
-    of the records returned now defaults to the table's primary key in ascending order.
-
-    Fixes #13743.
-
-    Example:
-
-        User.all.second
-
-        # Before
-        # => 'SELECT  "users".* FROM "users"'
-
-        # After
-        # => SELECT  "users".* FROM "users"   ORDER BY "users"."id" ASC LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1'
-
-        User.offset(3).second
-
-        # Before
-        # => 'SELECT "users".* FROM "users"  LIMIT -1 OFFSET 3' # sqlite3 gem
-        # => 'SELECT "users".* FROM "users"  OFFSET 3' # pg gem
-        # => 'SELECT `users`.* FROM `users`  LIMIT 18446744073709551615 OFFSET 3' # mysql2 gem
-
-        # After
-        # => SELECT  "users".* FROM "users"   ORDER BY "users"."id" ASC LIMIT 1 OFFSET 4'
-
-    *Jason Meller*
-
-*   ActiveRecord states are now correctly restored after a rollback for
-    models that did not define any transactional callbacks (i.e.
-    `after_commit`, `after_rollback` or `after_create`).
-
-    Fixes #13744.
-
-    *Godfrey Chan*
-
-*   Make `touch` fire the `after_commit` and `after_rollback` callbacks.
-
-    *Harry Brundage*
-
-*   Enable partial indexes for `sqlite >= 3.8.0`.
-
-    See http://www.sqlite.org/partialindex.html
-
-    *Cody Cutrer*
-
-*   Don't try to get the subclass if the inheritance column doesn't exist
-
-    The `subclass_from_attrs` method is called even if the column specified by
-    the `inheritance_column` setting doesn't exist. This prevents setting associations
-    via the attributes hash if the association name clashes with the value of the setting,
-    typically `:type`. This worked previously in Rails 3.2.
-
-    *Ujjwal Thaakar*
-
-*   Enum mappings are now exposed via class methods instead of constants.
-
-    Example:
-
-        class Conversation < ActiveRecord::Base
-          enum status: [ :active, :archived ]
-        end
-
-    Before:
-
-        Conversation::STATUS # => { "active" => 0, "archived" => 1 }
-
-    After:
-
-        Conversation.statuses # => { "active" => 0, "archived" => 1 }
-
-    *Godfrey Chan*
-
-*   Set `NameError#name` when STI-class-lookup fails.
-
-    *Chulki Lee*
-
-*   Fix bug in `becomes!` when changing from the base model to a STI sub-class.
-
-    Fixes #13272.
-
-    *the-web-dev*, *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Currently Active Record can be configured via the environment variable
-    `DATABASE_URL` or by manually injecting a hash of values which is what Rails does,
-    reading in `database.yml` and setting Active Record appropriately. Active Record
-    expects to be able to use `DATABASE_URL` without the use of Rails, and we cannot
-    rip out this functionality without deprecating. This presents a problem though
-    when both config is set, and a `DATABASE_URL` is present. Currently the
-    `DATABASE_URL` should "win" and none of the values in `database.yml` are
-    used. This is somewhat unexpected, if one were to set values such as
-    `pool` in the `production:` group of `database.yml` they are ignored.
-
-    There are many ways that Active Record initiates a connection today:
-
-    - Stand Alone (without rails)
-      - `rake db:<tasks>`
-      - `ActiveRecord.establish_connection`
-
-    - With Rails
-      - `rake db:<tasks>`
-      - `rails <server> | <console>`
-      - `rails dbconsole`
-
-    Now all of these behave exactly the same way. The best way to do
-    this is to put all of this logic in one place so it is guaranteed to be used.
-
-    Here is the matrix of how this behavior works:
-
-    ```
-    No database.yml
-    No DATABASE_URL
-    => Error
-    ```
-
-    ```
-    database.yml present
-    No DATABASE_URL
-    => Use database.yml configuration
-    ```
-
-    ```
-    No database.yml
-    DATABASE_URL present
-    => use DATABASE_URL configuration
-    ```
-
-    ```
-    database.yml present
-    DATABASE_URL present
-    => Merged into `url` sub key. If both specify `url` sub key, the `database.yml` `url`
-       sub key "wins". If other paramaters `adapter` or `database` are specified in YAML,
-       they are discarded as the `url` sub key "wins".
-    ```
-
-    Current implementation uses `ActiveRecord::Base.configurations` to resolve and merge
-    all connection information before returning. This is achieved through a utility
-    class: `ActiveRecord::ConnectionHandling::MergeAndResolveDefaultUrlConfig`.
-
-    To understand the exact behavior of this class, it is best to review the
-    behavior in `activerecord/test/cases/connection_adapters/connection_handler_test.rb`.
-
-    *Richard Schneeman*
-
-*   Make `change_column_null` revertable. Fixes #13576.
-
-    *Yves Senn*, *Nishant Modak*, *Prathamesh Sonpatki*
-
-*   Don't create/drop the test database if RAILS_ENV is specified explicitly.
-
-    Previously, when the environment was development, we would always
-    create or drop both the test and development databases.
-
-    Now, if RAILS_ENV is explicitly defined as development, we don't create
-    the test database.
-
-    *Damien Mathieu*
-
-*   Initialize version on Migration objects so that it can be used in a migration,
-    and it will be included in the announce message.
-
-    *Dylan Thacker-Smith*
-
-*   `change_table` now uses the current adapter's `update_table_definition`
-    method to retrieve a specific table definition.
-    This ensures that `change_table` and `create_table` will use
-    similar objects.
-
-    Fixes #13577, #13503.
-
-    *Nishant Modak*, *Prathamesh Sonpatki*, *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Fixed ActiveRecord::Store nil conversion TypeError when using YAML coder.
-    In case the YAML passed as paramter is nil, uses an empty string.
-
-    Fixes #13570.
-
-    *Thales Oliveira*
-
-*   Deprecate unused `ActiveRecord::Base.symbolized_base_class`
-    and `ActiveRecord::Base.symbolized_sti_name` without replacement.
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Since the `test_help.rb` file in Railties now automatically maintains
-    your test schema, the `rake db:test:*` tasks are deprecated. This
-    doesn't stop you manually running other tasks on your test database
-    if needed:
-
-        rake db:schema:load RAILS_ENV=test
-
-    *Jon Leighton*
-
-*   Fix presence validator for association when the associated record responds to `to_a`.
-
-    *gmarik*
-
-*   Fixed regression on preload/includes with multiple arguments failing in certain conditions,
-    raising a NoMethodError internally by calling `reflect_on_association` for `NilClass:Class`.
-
-    Fixes #13437.
-
-    *Vipul A M*, *khustochka*
-
-*   Add the ability to nullify the `enum` column.
-
-     Example:
-
-         class Conversation < ActiveRecord::Base
-           enum gender: [:female, :male]
-         end
-
-         Conversation::GENDER # => { female: 0, male: 1 }
-
-         # conversation.update! gender: 0
-         conversation.female!
-         conversation.female? # => true
-         conversation.gender  # => "female"
-
-         # conversation.update! gender: nil
-         conversation.gender = nil
-         conversation.gender.nil? # => true
-         conversation.gender      # => nil
-
-     *Amr Tamimi*
-
-*   Connection specification now accepts a "url" key. The value of this
-    key is expected to contain a database URL. The database URL will be
-    expanded into a hash and merged.
-
-    *Richard Schneeman*
-
-*   An `ArgumentError` is now raised on a call to `Relation#where.not(nil)`.
-
-    Example:
-
-        User.where.not(nil)
-
-        # Before
-        # => 'SELECT `users`.* FROM `users`  WHERE (NOT (NULL))'
-
-        # After
-        # => ArgumentError, 'Invalid argument for .where.not(), got nil.'
-
-    *Kuldeep Aggarwal*
-
-*   Deprecated use of string argument as a configuration lookup in
-    `ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection`. Instead, a symbol must be given.
-
-    *José Valim*
-
-*   Fixed `update_column`, `update_columns`, and `update_all` to correctly serialize
-    values for `array`, `hstore` and `json` column types in PostgreSQL.
-
-    Fixes #12261.
-
-    *Tadas Tamosauskas*, *Carlos Antonio da Silva*
-
-*   Do not consider PostgreSQL array columns as number or text columns.
-
-    The code uses these checks in several places to know what to do with a
-    particular column, for instance AR attribute query methods has a branch
-    like this:
-
-        if column.number?
-          !value.zero?
-        end
-
-    This should never be true for array columns, since it would be the same
-    as running [].zero?, which results in a NoMethodError exception.
-
-    Fixing this by ensuring that array columns in PostgreSQL never return
-    true for number?/text? checks.
-
-    *Carlos Antonio da Silva*
-
-*   When connecting to a non-existant database, the error:
-    `ActiveRecord::NoDatabaseError` will now be raised. When being used with Rails
-    the error message will include information on how to create a database:
-    `rake db:create`. Supported adapters: postgresql, mysql, mysql2, sqlite3
-
-    *Richard Schneeman*
-
-*   Do not raise `'cannot touch on a new record object'` exception on destroying
-    already destroyed `belongs_to` association with `touch: true` option.
-
-    Fixes #13445.
-
-    Example:
-
-        # Given Comment has belongs_to :post, touch: true
-        comment.post.destroy
-        comment.destroy # no longer raises an error
-
-    *Paul Nikitochkin*
-
-*   Fix a bug when assigning an array containing string numbers to a
-    PostgreSQL integer array column.
-
-    Fixes #13444.
-
-    Example:
-
-        # Given Book#ratings is of type :integer, array: true
-        Book.new(ratings: [1, 2]) # worked before
-        Book.new(ratings: ['1', '2']) # now works as well
-
-    *Damien Mathieu*
-
-*   Fix `PostgreSQL` insert to properly extract table name from multiline string SQL.
-
-    Previously, executing an insert SQL in `PostgreSQL` with a command like this:
-
-        insert into articles(
-          number)
-        values(
-          5152
-        )
-
-    would not work because the adapter was unable to extract the correct `articles`
-    table name.
-
-    *Kuldeep Aggarwal*
-
-*   Correctly escape PostgreSQL arrays.
-
-    Fixes: CVE-2014-0080
-
-*   `Relation` no longer has mutator methods like `#map!` and `#delete_if`. Convert
-    to an `Array` by calling `#to_a` before using these methods.
-
-    It intends to prevent odd bugs and confusion in code that call mutator
-    methods directly on the `Relation`.
-
-    Example:
-
-        # Instead of this
-        Author.where(name: 'Hank Moody').compact!
-
-        # Now you have to do this
-        authors = Author.where(name: 'Hank Moody').to_a
-        authors.compact!
-
-    *Lauro Caetano*
-
-*   Better support for `where()` conditions that use a `belongs_to`
-    association name.
-
-    Using the name of an association in `where` previously worked only
-    if the value was a single `ActiveRecord::Base` object. e.g.
-
-        Post.where(author: Author.first)
-
-    Any other values, including `nil`, would cause invalid SQL to be
-    generated. This change supports arguments in the `where` query
-    conditions where the key is a `belongs_to` association name and the
-    value is `nil`, an `Array` of `ActiveRecord::Base` objects, or an
-    `ActiveRecord::Relation` object.
-
-        class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
-          belongs_to :author
-        end
-
-    `nil` value finds records where the association is not set:
-
-        Post.where(author: nil)
-        # SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts" WHERE "posts"."author_id" IS NULL
-
-    `Array` values find records where the association foreign key
-    matches the ids of the passed ActiveRecord models, resulting
-    in the same query as `Post.where(author_id: [1,2])`:
-
-        authors_array = [Author.find(1), Author.find(2)]
-        Post.where(author: authors_array)
-        # SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts" WHERE "posts"."author_id" IN (1, 2)
-
-    `ActiveRecord::Relation` values find records using the same
-    query as `Post.where(author_id: Author.where(last_name: "Emde"))`
-
-        Post.where(author: Author.where(last_name: "Emde"))
-        # SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts"
-        # WHERE "posts"."author_id" IN (
-        #   SELECT "authors"."id" FROM "authors"
-        #   WHERE "authors"."last_name" = 'Emde')
-
-    Polymorphic `belongs_to` associations will continue to be handled
-    appropriately, with the polymorphic `association_type` field added
-    to the query to match the base class of the value. This feature
-    previously only worked when the value was a single `ActveRecord::Base`.
-
-        class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
-          belongs_to :author, polymorphic: true
-        end
-
-        Post.where(author: Author.where(last_name: "Emde"))
-        # Generates a query similar to:
-        Post.where(author_id: Author.where(last_name: "Emde"), author_type: "Author")
-
-    *Martin Emde*
-
-*   Respect temporary option when dropping tables with MySQL.
-
-    Normal DROP TABLE also works, but commits the transaction.
-
-        drop_table :temporary_table, temporary: true
-
-    *Cody Cutrer*
-
-*   Add option to create tables from a query.
-
-        create_table(:long_query, temporary: true,
-          as: "SELECT * FROM orders INNER JOIN line_items ON order_id=orders.id")
-
-    Generates:
-
-        CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE long_query AS
-          SELECT * FROM orders INNER JOIN line_items ON order_id=orders.id
-
-    *Cody Cutrer*
-
-*   `db:test:clone` and `db:test:prepare` must load Rails environment.
-
-    `db:test:clone` and `db:test:prepare` use `ActiveRecord::Base`. configurations,
-    so we need to load the Rails environment, otherwise the config wont be in place.
-
-    *arthurnn*
-
-*   Use the right column to type cast grouped calculations with custom expressions.
-
-    Fixes #13230.
-
-    Example:
-
-        # Before
-        Account.group(:firm_name).sum('0.01 * credit_limit')
-        # => { '37signals' => '0.5' }
-
-        # After
-        Account.group(:firm_name).sum('0.01 * credit_limit')
-        # => { '37signals' => 0.5 }
-
-    *Paul Nikitochkin*
-
-*   Polymorphic `belongs_to` associations with the `touch: true` option set update the timestamps of
-    the old and new owner correctly when moved between owners of different types.
-
-    Example:
-
-        class Rating < ActiveRecord::Base
-          belongs_to :rateable, polymorphic: true, touch: true
-        end
-
-        rating = Rating.create rateable: Song.find(1)
-        rating.update_attributes rateable: Book.find(2) # => timestamps of Song(1) and Book(2) are updated
-
-    *Severin Schoepke*
-
-*   Improve formatting of migration exception messages: make them easier to read
-    with line breaks before/after, and improve the error for pending migrations.
-
-    *John Bachir*
-
-*   Fix `last` with `offset` to return the proper record instead of always the last one.
-
-    Example:
-
-        Model.offset(4).last
-        # => returns the 4th record from the end.
-
-    Fixes #7441.
-
-    *kostya*, *Lauro Caetano*
-
-*   `type_to_sql` returns a `String` for unmapped columns. This fixes an error
-    when using unmapped PostgreSQL array types.
-
-    Example:
-
-        change_colum :table, :column, :bigint, array: true
-
-    Fixes #13146.
-
-    *Jens Fahnenbruck*, *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Fix `QueryCache` to work with nested blocks, so that it will only clear the existing cache
-    after leaving the outer block instead of clearing it right after the inner block is finished.
-
-    *Vipul A M*
-
-*   The ERB in fixture files is no longer evaluated in the context of the main
-    object. Helper methods used by multiple fixtures should be defined on the
-    class object returned by `ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.context_class`.
-
-    *Victor Costan*
-
-*   Previously, the `has_one` macro incorrectly accepted the `counter_cache`
-    option, but never actually supported it. Now it will raise an `ArgumentError`
-    when using `has_one` with `counter_cache`.
-
-    *Godfrey Chan*
-
-*   Implement `rename_index` natively for MySQL >= 5.7.
-
-    *Cody Cutrer*
-
-*   Fix bug when validating the uniqueness of an aliased attribute.
-
-    Fixes #12402.
-
-    *Lauro Caetano*
-
-*   Update counter cache on a `has_many` relationship regardless of default scope.
-
-    Fixes #12952.
-
-    *Uku Taht*
-
-*   `rename_index` adds the new index before removing the old one. This allows to
-    rename indexes on columns with a foreign key and prevents the following error:
-
-        Cannot drop index 'index_engines_on_car_id': needed in a foreign key constraint
-
-    *Cody Cutrer*, *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Raise `ActiveRecord::RecordNotDestroyed` when a replaced child
-    marked with `dependent: destroy` fails to be destroyed.
-
-    Fixes #12812.
-
-    *Brian Thomas Storti*
-
-*   Fix validation on uniqueness of empty association.
-
-    *Evgeny Li*
-
-*   Make `ActiveRecord::Relation#unscope` affect relations it is merged in to.
-
-    *Jon Leighton*
-
-*   Use strings to represent non-string `order_values`.
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Checks to see if the record contains the foreign key to set the inverse automatically.
-
-    *Edo Balvers*
-
-*   Added `ActiveRecord::Base.to_param` for convenient "pretty" URLs derived from a model's attribute or method.
-
-    Example:
-
-        class User < ActiveRecord::Base
-          to_param :name
-        end
-
-        user = User.find_by(name: 'Fancy Pants')
-        user.id       # => 123
-        user.to_param # => "123-fancy-pants"
-
-    *Javan Makhmali*
-
-*   Added `ActiveRecord::Base.no_touching`, which allows ignoring touch on models.
-
-    Example:
-
-        Post.no_touching do
-          Post.first.touch
-        end
-
-    *Sam Stephenson*, *Damien Mathieu*
-
-*   Prevent the counter cache from being decremented twice when destroying
-    a record on a `has_many :through` association.
-
-    Fixes #11079.
-
-    *Dmitry Dedov*
-
-*   Unify boolean type casting for `MysqlAdapter` and `Mysql2Adapter`.
-    `type_cast` will return `1` for `true` and `0` for `false`.
-
-    Fixes #11119.
-
-    *Adam Williams*, *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Fix bug where `has_one` association record update result in crash, when replaced with itself.
-
-    Fixes #12834.
-
-    *Denis Redozubov*, *Sergio Cambra*
-
-*   Log bind variables after they are type casted. This makes it more
-    transparent what values are actually sent to the database.
-
-        irb(main):002:0> Event.find("im-no-integer")
-        # Before: ... WHERE "events"."id" = $1 LIMIT 1  [["id", "im-no-integer"]]
-        # After: ... WHERE "events"."id" = $1 LIMIT 1  [["id", 0]]
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Fix uninitialized constant `TransactionState` error when `Marshall.load` is used on an Active Record result.
-
-    Fixes #12790.
-
-    *Jason Ayre*
-
-*   `.unscope` now removes conditions specified in `default_scope`.
-
-    *Jon Leighton*
-
-*   Added `ActiveRecord::QueryMethods#rewhere` which will overwrite an existing, named where condition.
-
-    Examples:
-
-        Post.where(trashed: true).where(trashed: false)                       #=> WHERE `trashed` = 1 AND `trashed` = 0
-        Post.where(trashed: true).rewhere(trashed: false)                     #=> WHERE `trashed` = 0
-        Post.where(active: true).where(trashed: true).rewhere(trashed: false) #=> WHERE `active` = 1 AND `trashed` = 0
-
-    *DHH*
-
-*   Extend `ActiveRecord::Base#cache_key` to take an optional list of timestamp attributes of which the highest will be used.
-
-    Example:
-
-        # last_reviewed_at will be used, if that's more recent than updated_at, or vice versa
-        Person.find(5).cache_key(:updated_at, :last_reviewed_at)
-
-    *DHH*
-
-*   Added `ActiveRecord::Base#enum` for declaring enum attributes where the values map to integers in the database, but can be queried by name.
-
-    Example:
-
-        class Conversation < ActiveRecord::Base
-          enum status: [:active, :archived]
-        end
-
-        Conversation::STATUS # => { active: 0, archived: 1 }
-
-        # conversation.update! status: 0
-        conversation.active!
-        conversation.active? # => true
-        conversation.status  # => "active"
-
-        # conversation.update! status: 1
-        conversation.archived!
-        conversation.archived? # => true
-        conversation.status    # => "archived"
-
-        # conversation.update! status: 1
-        conversation.status = :archived
-
-    *DHH*
-
-*   `ActiveRecord::Base#attribute_for_inspect` now truncates long arrays (more than 10 elements).
-
-    *Jan Bernacki*
-
-*   Allow for the name of the `schema_migrations` table to be configured.
-
-    *Jerad Phelps*
-
-*   Do not add to scope includes values from through associations.
-    Fixed bug when providing `includes` in through association scope, and fetching targets.
-
-    Example:
-
-        class Vendor < ActiveRecord::Base
-          has_many :relationships, -> { includes(:user) }
-          has_many :users, through: :relationships
-        end
-
-        vendor = Vendor.first
-
-        # Before
-
-        vendor.users.to_a # => Raises exception: not found `:user` for `User`
-
-        # After
-
-        vendor.users.to_a # => No exception is raised
-
-    Fixes #12242, #9517, #10240.
-
-    *Paul Nikitochkin*
-
-*   Type cast json values on write, so that the value is consistent
-    with reading from the database.
-
-    Example:
-
-        x = JsonDataType.new tags: {"string" => "foo", :symbol => :bar}
-
-        # Before:
-        x.tags # => {"string" => "foo", :symbol => :bar}
-
-        # After:
-        x.tags # => {"string" => "foo", "symbol" => "bar"}
-
-    *Severin Schoepke*
-
-*   `ActiveRecord::Store` works together with PostgreSQL `hstore` columns.
-
-    Fixes #12452.
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Fix bug where `ActiveRecord::Store` used a global `Hash` to keep track of
-    all registered `stored_attributes`. Now every subclass of
-    `ActiveRecord::Base` has it's own `Hash`.
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Save `has_one` association when primary key is manually set.
-
-    Fixes #12302.
-
-    *Lauro Caetano*
-
-*    Allow any version of BCrypt when using `has_secure_password`.
-
-     *Mike Perham*
-
-*    Sub-query generated for `Relation` passed as array condition did not take in account
-     bind values and have invalid syntax.
-
-     Generate sub-query with inline bind values.
-
-     Fixes #12586.
-
-     *Paul Nikitochkin*
-
-*   Fix a bug where rake db:structure:load crashed when the path contained
-    spaces.
-
-    *Kevin Mook*
-
-*   `ActiveRecord::QueryMethods#unscope` unscopes negative equality
-
-    Allows you to call `#unscope` on a relation with negative equality
-    operators, i.e. `Arel::Nodes::NotIn` and `Arel::Nodes::NotEqual` that have
-    been generated through the use of `where.not`.
-
-    *Eric Hankins*
-
-*   Raise an exception when model without primary key calls `.find_with_ids`.
-
-    *Shimpei Makimoto*
-
-*   Make `Relation#empty?` use `exists?` instead of `count`.
-
-    *Szymon Nowak*
-
-*   `rake db:structure:dump` no longer crashes when the port was specified as `Fixnum`.
-
-    *Kenta Okamoto*
-
-*   `NullRelation#pluck` takes a list of columns
-
-    The method signature in `NullRelation` was updated to mimic that in
-    `Calculations`.
-
-    *Derek Prior*
-
-*   `scope_chain` should not be mutated for other reflections.
-
-    Currently `scope_chain` uses same array for building different
-    `scope_chain` for different associations. During processing
-    these arrays are sometimes mutated and because of in-place
-    mutation the changed `scope_chain` impacts other reflections.
-
-    Fix is to dup the value before adding to the `scope_chain`.
-
-    Fixes #3882.
-
-    *Neeraj Singh*
-
-*   Prevent the inversed association from being reloaded on save.
-
-    Fixes #9499.
-
-    *Dmitry Polushkin*
-
-*   Generate subquery for `Relation` if it passed as array condition for `where`
-    method.
-
-    Example:
-
-        # Before
-        Blog.where('id in (?)', Blog.where(id: 1))
-        # =>  SELECT "blogs".* FROM "blogs"  WHERE "blogs"."id" = 1
-        # =>  SELECT "blogs".* FROM "blogs"  WHERE (id IN (1))
-
-        # After
-        Blog.where('id in (?)', Blog.where(id: 1).select(:id))
-        # =>  SELECT "blogs".* FROM "blogs"
-        #     WHERE "blogs"."id" IN (SELECT "blogs"."id" FROM "blogs"  WHERE "blogs"."id" = 1)
-
-    Fixes #12415.
-
-    *Paul Nikitochkin*
-
-*   For missed association exception message
-    which is raised in `ActiveRecord::Associations::Preloader` class
-    added owner record class name in order to simplify to find problem code.
-
-    *Paul Nikitochkin*
-
-*   `has_and_belongs_to_many` is now transparently implemented in terms of
-    `has_many :through`.  Behavior should remain the same, if not, it is a bug.
-
-*   `create_savepoint`, `rollback_to_savepoint` and `release_savepoint` accept
-    a savepoint name.
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Make `next_migration_number` accessible for third party generators.
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Objects instantiated using a null relationship will now retain the
-    attributes of the where clause.
-
-    Fixes #11676, #11675, #11376.
-
-    *Paul Nikitochkin*, *Peter Brown*, *Nthalk*
-
-*   Fixed `ActiveRecord::Associations::CollectionAssociation#find`
-    when using `has_many` association with `:inverse_of` and finding an array of one element,
-    it should return an array of one element too.
-
-    *arthurnn*
-
-*   Callbacks on has_many should access the in memory parent if a inverse_of is set.
-
-    *arthurnn*
-
-*   `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters.string_to_time` respects
-    string with timezone (e.g. Wed, 04 Sep 2013 20:30:00 JST).
-
-    Fixes #12278.
-
-    *kennyj*
-
-*   Calling `update_attributes` will now throw an `ArgumentError` whenever it
-    gets a `nil` argument. More specifically, it will throw an error if the
-    argument that it gets passed does not respond to to `stringify_keys`.
-
-    Example:
-
-        @my_comment.update_attributes(nil)  # => raises ArgumentError
-
-    *John Wang*
-
-*   Deprecate `quoted_locking_column` method, which isn't used anywhere.
-
-    *kennyj*
-
-*   Migration dump UUID default functions to schema.rb.
-
-    Fixes #10751.
-
-    *kennyj*
-
-*   Fixed a bug in `ActiveRecord::Associations::CollectionAssociation#find_by_scan`
-    when using `has_many` association with `:inverse_of` option and UUID primary key.
-
-    Fixes #10450.
-
-    *kennyj*
-
-*   Fix: joins association, with defined in the scope block constraints by using several
-    where constraints and at least of them is not `Arel::Nodes::Equality`,
-    generates invalid SQL expression.
-
-    Fixes #11963.
-
-    *Paul Nikitochkin*
-
-*   `CollectionAssociation#first`/`#last` (e.g. `has_many`) use a `LIMIT`ed
-    query to fetch results rather than loading the entire collection.
-
-    *Lann Martin*
-
-*   Make possible to run SQLite rake tasks without the `Rails` constant defined.
-
-    *Damien Mathieu*
-
-*   Allow Relation#from to accept other relations with bind values.
-
-    *Ryan Wallace*
-
-*   Fix inserts with prepared statements disabled.
-
-    Fixes #12023.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Setting a has_one association on a new record no longer causes an empty
-    transaction.
-
-    *Dylan Thacker-Smith*
-
-*   Fix `AR::Relation#merge` sometimes failing to preserve `readonly(false)` flag.
-
-    *thedarkone*
-
-*   Re-use `order` argument pre-processing for `reorder`.
-
-    *Paul Nikitochkin*
+*   Fixed serialized fields returning serialized data after being updated with
+    `update_column`.
 
-*   Fix PredicateBuilder so polymorphic association keys in `where` clause can
-    accept objects other than direct descendants of `ActiveRecord::Base` (decorated
-    models, for example).
+    *Simon Hørup Eskildsen*
 
-    *Mikhail Dieterle*
+*   Fixed polymorphic eager loading when using a String as foreign key.
 
-*   PostgreSQL adapter recognizes negative money values formatted with
-    parentheses (eg. `($1.25) # => -1.25`)).
-    Fixes #11899.
+    Fixes #14734.
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+    *Lauro Caetano*
 
-*   Stop interpreting SQL 'string' columns as :string type because there is no
-    common STRING datatype in SQL.
+*   Change belongs_to touch to be consistent with timestamp updates
 
-    *Ben Woosley*
+    If a model is set up with a belongs_to: touch relationship the parent
+    record will only be touched if the record was modified. This makes it
+    consistent with timestamp updating on the record itself.
 
-*   `ActiveRecord::FinderMethods#exists?` returns `true`/`false` in all cases.
+    *Brock Trappitt*
 
-    *Xavier Noria*
+*   Fixed the inferred table name of a has_and_belongs_to_many auxiliar
+    table inside a schema.
 
-*   Assign inet/cidr attribute with `nil` value for invalid address.
+    Fixes #14824.
 
-    Example:
+    *Eric Chahin*
 
-        record = User.new
-        record.logged_in_from_ip # is type of an inet or a cidr
+*   Remove unused `:timestamp` type. Transparently alias it to `:datetime`
+    in all cases. Fixes inconsistencies when column types are sent outside of
+    `ActiveRecord`, such as for XML Serialization.
 
-        # Before:
-        record.logged_in_from_ip = 'bad ip address' # raise exception
+    *Sean Griffin*
 
-        # After:
-        record.logged_in_from_ip = 'bad ip address' # do not raise exception
-        record.logged_in_from_ip # => nil
-        record.logged_in_from_ip_before_type_cast # => 'bad ip address'
+*   Fix bug that added `table_name_prefix` and `table_name_suffix` to
+    extension names in PostgreSQL when migrating.
 
-    *Paul Nikitochkin*
+    *Joao Carlos*
 
-*   `add_to_target` now accepts a second optional `skip_callbacks` argument
+*   The `:index` option in migrations, which previously was only available for
+    `references`, now works with any column types.
 
-    If truthy, it will skip the :before_add and :after_add callbacks.
+    *Marc Schütz*
 
-    *Ben Woosley*
+*   Add support for counter name to be passed as parameter on `CounterCache::ClassMethods#reset_counters`.
 
-*   Fix interactions between `:before_add` callbacks and nested attributes
-    assignment of `has_many` associations, when the association was not
-    yet loaded:
+    *jnormore*
 
-    - A `:before_add` callback was being called when a nested attributes
-      assignment assigned to an existing record.
+*   Restrict deletion of record when using `delete_all` with `uniq`, `group`, `having`
+    or `offset`.
 
-    - Nested Attributes assignment did not affect the record in the
-      association target when a `:before_add` callback triggered the
-      loading of the association
+    In these cases the generated query ignored them and that caused unintended
+    records to be deleted.
 
-    *Jörg Schray*
+    Fixes #11985.
 
-*   Allow enable_extension migration method to be revertible.
+    *Leandro Facchinetti*
 
-    *Eric Tipton*
+*   Floats with limit >= 25 that get turned into doubles in MySQL no longer have
+    their limit dropped from the schema.
 
-*   Type cast hstore values on write, so that the value is consistent
-    with reading from the database.
+    Fixes #14135.
 
-    Example:
+    *Aaron Nelson*
 
-        x = Hstore.new tags: {"bool" => true, "number" => 5}
+*   Fix how to calculate associated class name when using namespaced has_and_belongs_to_many
+    association.
 
-        # Before:
-        x.tags # => {"bool" => true, "number" => 5}
+    Fixes #14709.
 
-        # After:
-        x.tags # => {"bool" => "true", "number" => "5"}
+    *Kassio Borges*
 
-    *Yves Senn* , *Severin Schoepke*
+*   `ActiveRecord::Relation::Merger#filter_binds` now compares equivalent symbols and
+    strings in column names as equal.
 
-*   Fix multidimensional PostgreSQL arrays containing non-string items.
+    This fixes a rare case in which more bind values are passed than there are
+    placeholders for them in the generated SQL statement, which can make PostgreSQL
+    throw a `StatementInvalid` exception.
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+    *Nat Budin*
 
-*   Fixes bug when using includes combined with select, the select statement was overwritten.
+*   Fix `stored_attributes` to correctly merge the details of stored
+    attributes defined in parent classes.
 
-    Fixes #11773.
+    Fixes #14672.
 
-    *Edo Balvers*
+    *Brad Bennett*, *Jessica Yao*, *Lakshmi Parthasarathy*
 
-*   Load fixtures from linked folders.
+*   `change_column_default` allows `[]` as argument to `change_column_default`.
 
-    *Kassio Borges*
+    Fixes #11586.
 
-*   Create a directory for sqlite3 file if not present on the system.
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-    *Richard Schneeman*
+*   Handle `name` and `"char"` column types in the PostgreSQL adapter.
 
-*   Removed redundant override of `xml` column definition for PostgreSQL,
-    in order to use `xml` column type instead of `text`.
+    `name` and `"char"` are special character types used internally by
+    PostgreSQL and are used by internal system catalogs. These field types
+    can sometimes show up in structure-sniffing queries that feature internal system
+    structures or with certain PostgreSQL extensions.
 
-    *Paul Nikitochkin*, *Michael Nikitochkin*
+    *J Smith*, *Yves Senn*
 
-*   Revert `ActiveRecord::Relation#order` change that make new order
-    prepend the old one.
+*   Fix `PostgreSQLAdapter::OID::Float#type_cast` to convert Infinity and
+    NaN PostgreSQL values into a native Ruby `Float::INFINITY` and `Float::NAN`
 
     Before:
 
-        User.order("name asc").order("created_at desc")
-        # SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY created_at desc, name asc
+        Point.create(value: 1.0/0)
+        Point.last.value # => 0.0
 
     After:
 
-        User.order("name asc").order("created_at desc")
-        # SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY name asc, created_at desc
+        Point.create(value: 1.0/0)
+        Point.last.value # => Infinity
 
-    This also affects order defined in `default_scope` or any kind of associations.
+    *Innokenty Mikhailov*
 
-*   Add ability to define how a class is converted to Arel predicates.
-    For example, adding a very vendor specific regex implementation:
+*   Allow the PostgreSQL adapter to handle bigserial primary key types again.
 
-        regex_handler = proc do |column, value|
-          Arel::Nodes::InfixOperation.new('~', column, value.source)
-        end
-        ActiveRecord::PredicateBuilder.register_handler(Regexp, regex_handler)
+    Fixes #10410.
 
-    *Sean Griffin & @joannecheng*
+    *Patrick Robertson*
 
-*   Don't allow `quote_value` to be called without a column.
+*   Deprecate joining, eager loading and preloading of instance dependent
+    associations without replacement. These operations happen before instances
+    are created. The current behavior is unexpected and can result in broken
+    behavior.
 
-    Some adapters require column information to do their job properly.
-    By enforcing the provision of the column for this internal method
-    we ensure that those using adapters that require column information
-    will always get the proper behavior.
+    Fixes #15024.
 
-    *Ben Woosley*
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-*   When using optimistic locking, `update` was not passing the column to `quote_value`
-    to allow the connection adapter to properly determine how to quote the value. This was
-    affecting certain databases that use specific column types.
+*   Fixed has_and_belongs_to_many's CollectionAssociation size calculation.
 
-    Fixes #6763.
+    has_and_belongs_to_many should fall back to using the normal CollectionAssociation's
+    size calculation if the collection is not cached or loaded.
 
-    *Alfred Wong*
+    Fixes #14913, #14914.
 
-*   rescue from all exceptions in `ConnectionManagement#call`
+    *Fred Wu*
 
-    Fixes #11497.
+*   Return a non zero status when running `rake db:migrate:status` and migration table does
+    not exist.
 
-    As `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::ConnectionManagement` middleware does
-    not rescue from Exception (but only from StandardError), the Connection
-    Pool quickly runs out of connections when multiple erroneous Requests come
-    in right after each other.
+    *Paul B.*
 
-    Rescuing from all exceptions and not just StandardError, fixes this
-    behaviour.
+*   Add support for module-level `table_name_suffix` in models.
 
-    *Vipul A M*
+    This makes `table_name_suffix` work the same way as `table_name_prefix` when
+    using namespaced models.
 
-*   `change_column` for PostgreSQL adapter respects the `:array` option.
+    *Jenner LaFave*
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+*   Revert the behaviour of `ActiveRecord::Relation#join` changed through 4.0 => 4.1 to 4.0.
 
-*   Remove deprecation warning from `attribute_missing` for attributes that are columns.
+    In 4.1.0 `Relation#join` is delegated to `Arel#SelectManager`.
+    In 4.0 series it is delegated to `Array#join`.
 
-    *Arun Agrawal*
+    *Bogdan Gusiev*
 
-*   Remove extra decrement of transaction deep level.
+*   Log nil binary column values correctly.
 
-    Fixes #4566.
+    When an object with a binary column is updated with a nil value
+    in that column, the SQL logger would throw an exception when trying
+    to log that nil value. This only occurs when updating a record
+    that already has a non-nil value in that column since an initial nil
+    value isn't included in the SQL anyway (at least, when dirty checking
+    is enabled.) The column's new value will now be logged as `<NULL binary data>`
+    to parallel the existing `<N bytes of binary data>` for non-nil values.
 
-    *Paul Nikitochkin*
+    *James Coleman*
 
-*   Reset @column_defaults when assigning `locking_column`.
-    We had a potential problem. For example:
+*   Rails will now pass a custom validation context through to autosave associations
+    in order to validate child associations with the same context.
 
-      class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
-        self.column_defaults  # if we call this unintentionally before setting locking_column ...
-        self.locking_column = 'my_locking_column'
-      end
+    Fixes #13854.
 
-      Post.column_defaults["my_locking_column"]
-      => nil # expected value is 0 !
+    *Eric Chahin*, *Aaron Nelson*, *Kevin Casey*
 
-    *kennyj*
+*   Stringify all variables keys of MySQL connection configuration.
 
-*   Remove extra select and update queries on save/touch/destroy ActiveRecord model
-    with belongs to reflection with option `touch: true`.
+    When `sql_mode` variable for MySQL adapters set in configuration as `String`
+    was ignored and overwritten by strict mode option.
 
-    Fixes #11288.
+    Fixes #14895.
 
     *Paul Nikitochkin*
 
-*   Remove deprecated nil-passing to the following `SchemaCache` methods:
-    `primary_keys`, `tables`, `columns` and `columns_hash`.
+*   Ensure SQLite3 statements are closed on errors.
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+    Fixes #13631.
 
-*   Remove deprecated block filter from `ActiveRecord::Migrator#migrate`.
+    *Timur Alperovich*
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+*   Give ActiveRecord::PredicateBuilder private methods the privacy they deserve.
 
-*   Remove deprecated String constructor from `ActiveRecord::Migrator`.
+    *Hector Satre*
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+*   When using a custom `join_table` name on a `habtm`, rails was not saving it
+    on Reflections. This causes a problem when rails loads fixtures, because it
+    uses the reflections to set database with fixtures.
 
-*   Remove deprecated `scope` use without passing a callable object.
+    Fixes #14845.
 
-    *Arun Agrawal*
+    *Kassio Borges*
 
-*   Remove deprecated `transaction_joinable=` in favor of `begin_transaction`
-    with `:joinable` option.
+*   Reset the cache when modifying a Relation with cached Arel.
+    Additionally display a warning message to make the user aware.
 
-    *Arun Agrawal*
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-*   Remove deprecated `decrement_open_transactions`.
+*   PostgreSQL should internally use `:datetime` consistently for TimeStamp. Assures
+    different spellings of timestamps are treated the same.
 
-    *Arun Agrawal*
+    Example:
 
-*   Remove deprecated `increment_open_transactions`.
+        mytimestamp.simplified_type('timestamp without time zone')
+        # => :datetime
+        mytimestamp.simplified_type('timestamp(6) without time zone')
+        # => also :datetime (previously would be :timestamp)
 
-    *Arun Agrawal*
+    See #14513.
 
-*   Remove deprecated `PostgreSQLAdapter#outside_transaction?`
-    method. You can use `#transaction_open?` instead.
+    *Jefferson Lai*
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+*   `ActiveRecord::Base.no_touching` no longer triggers callbacks or start empty transactions.
 
-*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::Fixtures.find_table_name` in favor of
-    `ActiveRecord::Fixtures.default_fixture_model_name`.
+    Fixes #14841.
+
+    *Lucas Mazza*
 
-    *Vipul A M*
+*   Fix name collision with `Array#select!` with `Relation#select!`.
 
-*   Removed deprecated `columns_for_remove` from `SchemaStatements`.
+    Fixes #14752.
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+    *Earl St Sauver*
 
-*   Remove deprecated `SchemaStatements#distinct`.
+*   Fixed unexpected behavior for `has_many :through` associations going through a scoped `has_many`.
 
-    *Francesco Rodriguez*
+    If a `has_many` association is adjusted using a scope, and another `has_many :through`
+    uses this association, then the scope adjustment is unexpectedly neglected.
 
-*   Move deprecated `ActiveRecord::TestCase` into the rails test
-    suite. The class is no longer public and is only used for internal
-    Rails tests.
+    Fixes #14537.
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+    *Jan Habermann*
 
-*   Removed support for deprecated option `:restrict` for `:dependent`
-    in associations.
+*   `@destroyed` should always be set to `false` when an object is duped.
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+    *Kuldeep Aggarwal*
 
-*   Removed support for deprecated `delete_sql` in associations.
+*   Fixed has_many association to make it support irregular inflections.
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+    Fixes #8928.
 
-*   Removed support for deprecated `insert_sql` in associations.
+    *arthurnn*, *Javier Goizueta*
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+*   Fixed a problem where count used with a grouping was not returning a Hash.
 
-*   Removed support for deprecated `finder_sql` in associations.
+    Fixes #14721.
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+    *Eric Chahin*
 
-*   Support array as root element in JSON fields.
+*   `sanitize_sql_like` helper method to escape a string for safe use in an SQL
+    LIKE statement.
 
-    *Alexey Noskov & Francesco Rodriguez*
+    Example:
 
-*   Removed support for deprecated `counter_sql` in associations.
+        class Article
+          def self.search(term)
+            where("title LIKE ?", sanitize_sql_like(term))
+          end
+        end
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+        Article.search("20% _reduction_")
+        # => Query looks like "... title LIKE '20\% \_reduction\_' ..."
 
-*   Do not invoke callbacks when `delete_all` is called on collection.
+    *Rob Gilson*, *Yves Senn*
 
-    Method `delete_all` should not be invoking callbacks and this
-    feature was deprecated in Rails 4.0. This is being removed.
-    `delete_all` will continue to honor the `:dependent` option. However
-    if `:dependent` value is `:destroy` then the `:delete_all` deletion
-    strategy for that collection will be applied.
+*   Do not quote uuid default value on `change_column`.
 
-    User can also force a deletion strategy by passing parameter to
-    `delete_all`. For example you can do `@post.comments.delete_all(:nullify)`.
+    Fixes #14604.
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+    *Eric Chahin*
 
-*   Calling default_scope without a proc will now raise `ArgumentError`.
+*   The comparison between `Relation` and `CollectionProxy` should be consistent.
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+    Example:
 
-*   Removed deprecated method `type_cast_code` from Column.
+        author.posts == Post.where(author_id: author.id)
+        # => true
+        Post.where(author_id: author.id) == author.posts
+        # => true
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+    Fixes #13506.
 
-*   Removed deprecated options `delete_sql` and `insert_sql` from HABTM
-    association.
+    *Lauro Caetano*
 
-    Removed deprecated options `finder_sql` and `counter_sql` from
-    collection association.
+*   Calling `delete_all` on an unloaded `CollectionProxy` no longer
+    generates an SQL statement containing each id of the collection:
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+    Before:
 
-*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::Base#connection` method.
-    Make sure to access it via the class.
+        DELETE FROM `model` WHERE `model`.`parent_id` = 1
+        AND `model`.`id` IN (1, 2, 3...)
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+    After:
 
-*   Remove deprecation warning for `auto_explain_threshold_in_seconds`.
+        DELETE FROM `model` WHERE `model`.`parent_id` = 1
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *Aaron Patterson*
 
-*   Remove deprecated `:distinct` option from `Relation#count`.
+*   Fixed error for aggregate methods (`empty?`, `any?`, `count`) with `select`
+    which created invalid SQL.
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+    Fixes #13648.
 
-*   Removed deprecated methods `partial_updates`, `partial_updates?` and
-    `partial_updates=`.
+    *Simon Woker*
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+*   PostgreSQL adapter only warns once for every missing OID per connection.
 
-*   Removed deprecated method `scoped`.
+    Fixes #14275.
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+    *Matthew Draper*, *Yves Senn*
 
-*   Removed deprecated method `default_scopes?`.
+*   PostgreSQL adapter automatically reloads it's type map when encountering
+    unknown OIDs.
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+    Fixes #14678.
 
-*   Remove implicit join references that were deprecated in 4.0.
+    *Matthew Draper*, *Yves Senn*
 
-    Example:
+*   Fix insertion of records via `has_many :through` association with scope.
 
-        # before with implicit joins
-        Comment.where('posts.author_id' => 7)
+    Fixes #3548.
 
-        # after
-        Comment.references(:posts).where('posts.author_id' => 7)
+    *Ivan Antropov*
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+*   Auto-generate stable fixture UUIDs on PostgreSQL.
 
-*   Apply default scope when joining associations. For example:
+    Fixes #11524.
 
-        class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
-          default_scope -> { where published: true }
-        end
+    *Roderick van Domburg*
 
-        class Comment
-          belongs_to :post
-        end
+*   Fixed a problem where an enum would overwrite values of another enum
+    with the same name in an unrelated class.
 
-    When calling `Comment.joins(:post)`, we expect to receive only
-    comments on published posts, since that is the default scope for
-    posts.
+    Fixes #14607.
 
-    Before this change, the default scope from `Post` was not applied,
-    so we'd get comments on unpublished posts.
+    *Evan Whalen*
 
-    *Jon Leighton*
+*   PostgreSQL and SQLite string columns no longer have a default limit of 255.
 
-*   Remove `activerecord-deprecated_finders` as a dependency.
+    Fixes #13435, #9153.
 
-    *Łukasz Strzałkowski*
+    *Vladimir Sazhin*, *Toms Mikoss*, *Yves Senn*
 
-*   Remove Oracle / Sqlserver / Firebird database tasks that were deprecated in 4.0.
+*   Make possible to have an association called `records`.
 
-    *kennyj*
+    Fixes #11645.
 
-*   `find_each` now returns an `Enumerator` when called without a block, so that it
-    can be chained with other `Enumerable` methods.
+    *prathamesh-sonpatki*
 
-    *Ben Woosley*
+*   `to_sql` on an association now matches the query that is actually executed, where it
+    could previously have incorrectly accrued additional conditions (e.g. as a result of
+    a previous query). CollectionProxy now always defers to the association scope's
+    `arel` method so the (incorrect) inherited one should be entirely concealed.
 
-*   `ActiveRecord::Result.each` now returns an `Enumerator` when called without
-     a block, so that it can be chained with other `Enumerable` methods.
+    Fixes #14003.
 
-    *Ben Woosley*
+    *Jefferson Lai*
 
-*   Flatten merged join_values before building the joins.
+*   Block a few default Class methods as scope name.
 
-    While joining_values special treatment is given to string values.
-    By flattening the array it ensures that string values are detected
-    as strings and not arrays.
+    For instance, this will raise:
 
-    Fixes #10669.
+        scope :public, -> { where(status: 1) }
 
-    *Neeraj Singh and iwiznia*
+    *arthurnn*
 
-*   Do not load all child records for inverse case.
+*   Fixed error when using `with_options` with lambda.
 
-    currently `post.comments.find(Comment.first.id)` would load all
-    comments for the given post to set the inverse association.
+    Fixes #9805.
 
-    This has a huge performance penalty. Because if post has 100k
-    records and all these 100k records would be loaded in memory
-    even though the comment id was supplied.
+    *Lauro Caetano*
 
-    Fix is to use in-memory records only if loaded? is true. Otherwise
-    load the records using full sql.
+*   Switch `sqlite3:///` URLs (which were temporarily
+    deprecated in 4.1) from relative to absolute.
 
-    Fixes #10509.
+    If you still want the previous interpretation, you should replace
+    `sqlite3:///my/path` with `sqlite3:my/path`.
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+    *Matthew Draper*
 
-*   `inspect` on Active Record model classes does not initiate a
-    new connection. This means that calling `inspect`, when the
-    database is missing, will no longer raise an exception.
-    Fixes #10936.
+*   Treat blank UUID values as `nil`.
 
     Example:
 
-        Author.inspect # => "Author(no database connection)"
-
-    *Yves Senn*
+        Sample.new(uuid_field: '') #=> <Sample id: nil, uuid_field: nil>
 
-*   Handle single quotes in PostgreSQL default column values.
-    Fixes #10881.
+    *Dmitry Lavrov*
 
-    *Dylan Markow*
+*   Enable support for materialized views on PostgreSQL >= 9.3.
 
-*   Log the sql that is actually sent to the database.
+    *Dave Lee*
 
-    If I have a query that produces sql
-    `WHERE "users"."name" = 'a         b'` then in the log all the
-    whitespace is being squeezed. So the sql that is printed in the
-    log is `WHERE "users"."name" = 'a b'`.
+*   The PostgreSQL adapter supports custom domains. Fixes #14305.
 
-    Do not squeeze whitespace out of sql queries. Fixes #10982.
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+*   PostgreSQL `Column#type` is now determined through the corresponding OID.
+    The column types stay the same except for enum columns. They no longer have
+    `nil` as type but `enum`.
 
-*   Fixture setup no longer depends on `ActiveRecord::Base.configurations`.
-    This is relevant when `ENV["DATABASE_URL"]` is used in place of a `database.yml`.
+    See #7814.
 
     *Yves Senn*
 
-*   Fix mysql2 adapter raises the correct exception when executing a query on a
-    closed connection.
+*   Fixed error when specifying a non-empty default value on a PostgreSQL array column.
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+    Fixes #10613.
 
-*   Ambiguous reflections are on :through relationships are no longer supported.
-    For example, you need to change this:
+    *Luke Steensen*
 
-        class Author < ActiveRecord::Base
-          has_many :posts
-          has_many :taggings, through: :posts
-        end
+*   Fixed error where .persisted? throws SystemStackError for an unsaved model with a
+    custom primary key that didn't save due to validation error.
 
-        class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
-          has_one :tagging
-          has_many :taggings
-        end
+    Fixes #14393.
 
-        class Tagging < ActiveRecord::Base
-        end
+    *Chris Finne*
 
-    To this:
+*   Introduce `validate` as an alias for `valid?`.
 
-        class Author < ActiveRecord::Base
-          has_many :posts
-          has_many :taggings, through: :posts, source: :tagging
-        end
+    This is more intuitive when you want to run validations but don't care about the return value.
 
-        class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
-          has_one :tagging
-          has_many :taggings
-        end
+    *Henrik Nyh*
 
-        class Tagging < ActiveRecord::Base
-        end
+*   Create indexes inline in CREATE TABLE for MySQL.
 
-    *Aaron Patterson*
+    This is important, because adding an index on a temporary table after it has been created
+    would commit the transaction.
 
-*   Remove column restrictions for `count`, let the database raise if the SQL is
-    invalid. The previous behavior was untested and surprising for the user.
-    Fixes #5554.
+    It also allows creating and dropping indexed tables with fewer queries and fewer permissions
+    required.
 
     Example:
 
-        User.select("name, username").count
-        # Before => SELECT count(*) FROM users
-        # After => ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid
-
-        # you can still use `count(:all)` to perform a query unrelated to the
-        # selected columns
-        User.select("name, username").count(:all) # => SELECT count(*) FROM users
-
-    *Yves Senn*
-
-*   Rails now automatically detects inverse associations. If you do not set the
-    `:inverse_of` option on the association, then Active Record will guess the
-    inverse association based on heuristics.
-
-    Note that automatic inverse detection only works on `has_many`, `has_one`,
-    and `belongs_to` associations. Extra options on the associations will
-    also prevent the association's inverse from being found automatically.
-
-    The automatic guessing of the inverse association uses a heuristic based
-    on the name of the class, so it may not work for all associations,
-    especially the ones with non-standard names.
-
-    You can turn off the automatic detection of inverse associations by setting
-    the `:inverse_of` option to `false` like so:
-
-        class Taggable < ActiveRecord::Base
-          belongs_to :tag, inverse_of: false
+        create_table :temp, temporary: true, as: "SELECT id, name, zip FROM a_really_complicated_query" do |t|
+          t.index :zip
         end
+        # => CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE temp (INDEX (zip)) AS SELECT id, name, zip FROM a_really_complicated_query
 
-    *John Wang*
+    *Cody Cutrer*, *Steve Rice*, *Rafael Mendonça Franca*
 
-*   Fix `add_column` with `array` option when using PostgreSQL. Fixes #10432.
+*   Use singular table name in generated migrations when
+    `ActiveRecord::Base.pluralize_table_names` is `false`.
 
-    *Adam Anderson*
+    Fixes #13426.
+
+    *Kuldeep Aggarwal*
 
-*   Usage of `implicit_readonly` is being removed`. Please use `readonly` method
-    explicitly to mark records as `readonly.
-    Fixes #10615.
+*   `touch` accepts many attributes to be touched at once.
 
     Example:
 
-        user = User.joins(:todos).select("users.*, todos.title as todos_title").readonly(true).first
-        user.todos_title = 'clean pet'
-        user.save! # will raise error
+        # touches :signed_at, :sealed_at, and :updated_at/on attributes.
+        Photo.last.touch(:signed_at, :sealed_at)
 
-    *Yves Senn*
+    *James Pinto*
 
-*   Fix the `:primary_key` option for `has_many` associations.
+*   `rake db:structure:dump` only dumps schema information if the schema
+    migration table exists.
 
-    Fixes #10693.
+    Fixes #14217.
 
     *Yves Senn*
 
-*   Fix bug where tiny types are incorrectly coerced as boolean when the length is more than 1.
+*   Reap connections that were checked out by now-dead threads, instead
+    of waiting until they disconnect by themselves. Before this change,
+    a suitably constructed series of short-lived threads could starve
+    the connection pool, without ever having more than a couple alive at
+    the same time.
 
-    Fixes #10620.
-
-    *Aaron Patterson*
+    *Matthew Draper*
 
-*   Also support extensions in PostgreSQL 9.1. This feature has been supported since 9.1.
+*   `pk_and_sequence_for` now ensures that only the pg_depend entries
+    pointing to pg_class, and thus only sequence objects, are considered.
 
-    *kennyj*
+    *Josh Williams*
 
-*   Deprecate `ConnectionAdapters::SchemaStatements#distinct`,
-    as it is no longer used by internals.
+*   `where.not` adds `references` for `includes` like normal `where` calls do.
 
-    *Ben Woosley*
+    Fixes #14406.
 
-*   Fix pending migrations error when loading schema and `ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_prefix`
-    is not blank.
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-    Call `assume_migrated_upto_version` on connection to prevent it from first
-    being picked up in `method_missing`.
+*   Extend fixture `$LABEL` replacement to allow string interpolation.
 
-    In the base class, `Migration`, `method_missing` expects the argument to be a
-    table name, and calls `proper_table_name` on the arguments before sending to
-    `connection`. If `table_name_prefix` or `table_name_suffix` is used, the schema
-    version changes to `prefix_version_suffix`, breaking `rake test:prepare`.
+    Example:
 
-    Fixes #10411.
+        martin:
+          email: $LABEL@email.com
 
-    *Kyle Stevens*
+        users(:martin).email # => martin@email.com
 
-*   Method `read_attribute_before_type_cast` should accept input as symbol.
+    *Eric Steele*
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+*   Add support for `Relation` be passed as parameter on `QueryCache#select_all`.
 
-*   Confirm a record has not already been destroyed before decrementing counter cache.
+    Fixes #14361.
 
-    *Ben Tucker*
+    *arthurnn*
 
-*   Fixed a bug in `ActiveRecord#sanitize_sql_hash_for_conditions` in which
-    `self.class` is an argument to `PredicateBuilder#build_from_hash`
-    causing `PredicateBuilder` to call non-existent method
-    `Class#reflect_on_association`.
+*   Passing an Active Record object to `find` or `exists?` is now deprecated.
+    Call `.id` on the object first.
 
-    *Zach Ohlgren*
+    *Aaron Patterson*
 
-*   While removing index if column option is missing then raise IrreversibleMigration exception.
+*   Only use BINARY for MySQL case sensitive uniqueness check when column has a case insensitive collation.
 
-    Following code should raise `IrreversibleMigration`. But the code was
-    failing since options is an array and not a hash.
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-        def change
-          change_table :users do |t|
-            t.remove_index [:name, :email]
-          end
-        end
+*   Support for MySQL 5.6 fractional seconds.
 
-    Fix was to check if the options is a Hash before operating on it.
+    *arthurnn*, *Tatsuhiko Miyagawa*
 
-    Fixes #10419.
+*   Support for Postgres `citext` data type enabling case-insensitive where
+    values without needing to wrap in UPPER/LOWER sql functions.
 
-    *Neeraj Singh*
+    *Troy Kruthoff*, *Lachlan Sylvester*
 
-*   Do not overwrite manually built records during one-to-one nested attribute assignment
+*   Only save has_one associations if record has changes.
+    Previously after save related callbacks, such as `#after_commit`, were triggered when the has_one
+    object did not get saved to the db.
 
-    For one-to-one nested associations, if you build the new (in-memory)
-    child object yourself before assignment, then the NestedAttributes
-    module will not overwrite it, e.g.:
+    *Alan Kennedy*
 
-        class Member < ActiveRecord::Base
-          has_one :avatar
-          accepts_nested_attributes_for :avatar
+*   Allow strings to specify the `#order` value.
 
-          def avatar
-            super || build_avatar(width: 200)
-          end
-        end
+    Example:
 
-        member = Member.new
-        member.avatar_attributes = {icon: 'sad'}
-        member.avatar.width # => 200
+        Model.order(id: 'asc').to_sql == Model.order(id: :asc).to_sql
 
-    *Olek Janiszewski*
+    *Marcelo Casiraghi*, *Robin Dupret*
 
-*   fixes bug introduced by #3329. Now, when autosaving associations,
-    deletions happen before inserts and saves. This prevents a 'duplicate
-    unique value' database error that would occur if a record being created had
-    the same value on a unique indexed field as that of a record being destroyed.
+*   Dynamically register PostgreSQL enum OIDs. This prevents "unknown OID"
+    warnings on enum columns.
 
-    *Johnny Holton*
+    *Dieter Komendera*
 
-*   Handle aliased attributes in ActiveRecord::Relation.
+*   `includes` is able to detect the right preloading strategy when string
+    joins are involved.
 
-    When using symbol keys, ActiveRecord will now translate aliased attribute names to the actual column name used in the database:
+    Fixes #14109.
 
-    With the model
+    *Aaron Patterson*, *Yves Senn*
 
-        class Topic
-          alias_attribute :heading, :title
-        end
+*   Fixed error with validation with enum fields for records where the
+    value for any enum attribute is always evaluated as 0 during
+    uniqueness validation.
 
-    The call
+    Fixes #14172.
 
-        Topic.where(heading: 'The First Topic')
+    *Vilius Luneckas* *Ahmed AbouElhamayed*
 
-    should yield the same result as
+*   `before_add` callbacks are fired before the record is saved on
+    `has_and_belongs_to_many` associations *and* on `has_many :through`
+    associations.  Before this change, `before_add` callbacks would be fired
+    before the record was saved on `has_and_belongs_to_many` associations, but
+    *not* on `has_many :through` associations.
 
-        Topic.where(title: 'The First Topic')
+    Fixes #14144.
 
-    This also applies to ActiveRecord::Relation::Calculations calls such as `Model.sum(:aliased)` and `Model.pluck(:aliased)`.
+*   Fixed STI classes not defining an attribute method if there is a
+    conflicting private method defined on its ancestors.
 
-    This will not work with SQL fragment strings like `Model.sum('DISTINCT aliased')`.
+    Fixes #11569.
 
     *Godfrey Chan*
 
-*   Mute `psql` output when running rake db:schema:load.
+*   Coerce strings when reading attributes. Fixes #10485.
 
-    *Godfrey Chan*
+    Example:
 
-*   Trigger a save on `has_one association=(associate)` when the associate contents have changed.
+        book = Book.new(title: 12345)
+        book.save!
+        book.title # => "12345"
 
-    Fixes #8856.
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-    *Chris Thompson*
+*   Deprecate half-baked support for PostgreSQL range values with excluding beginnings.
+    We currently map PostgreSQL ranges to Ruby ranges. This conversion is not fully
+    possible because the Ruby range does not support excluded beginnings.
 
-*   Abort a rake task when missing db/structure.sql like `db:schema:load` task.
+    The current solution of incrementing the beginning is not correct and is now
+    deprecated. For subtypes where we don't know how to increment (e.g. `#succ`
+    is not defined) it will raise an ArgumentException for ranges with excluding
+    beginnings.
 
-    *kennyj*
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-*   rake:db:test:prepare falls back to original environment after execution.
+*   Support for user created range types in PostgreSQL.
 
-    *Slava Markevich*
+    *Yves Senn*
 
-Please check [4-0-stable](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-0-stable/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md) for previous changes.
+Please check [4-1-stable](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-1-stable/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md) for previous changes.