activerecord 3.2.22.5 → 5.2.8

data/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb

@@ -1,36 +1,27 @@
-require 'erb'
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
-begin
-  require 'psych'
-rescue LoadError
-end
-
-require 'yaml'
-require 'zlib'
-require 'active_support/dependencies'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/array/wrap'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/logger'
-require 'active_support/ordered_hash'
-require 'active_record/fixtures/file'
+require "erb"
+require "yaml"
+require "zlib"
+require "set"
+require "active_support/dependencies"
+require "active_support/core_ext/digest/uuid"
+require "active_record/fixture_set/file"
+require "active_record/errors"
 
-if defined? ActiveRecord
+module ActiveRecord
   class FixtureClassNotFound < ActiveRecord::ActiveRecordError #:nodoc:
   end
-else
-  class FixtureClassNotFound < StandardError #:nodoc:
-  end
-end
 
-module ActiveRecord
   # \Fixtures are a way of organizing data that you want to test against; in short, sample data.
   #
   # They are stored in YAML files, one file per model, which are placed in the directory
   # appointed by <tt>ActiveSupport::TestCase.fixture_path=(path)</tt> (this is automatically
   # configured for Rails, so you can just put your files in <tt><your-rails-app>/test/fixtures/</tt>).
-  # The fixture file ends with the <tt>.yml</tt> file extension (Rails example:
-  # <tt><your-rails-app>/test/fixtures/web_sites.yml</tt>). The format of a fixture file looks
-  # like this:
+  # The fixture file ends with the +.yml+ file extension, for example:
+  # <tt><your-rails-app>/test/fixtures/web_sites.yml</tt>).
+  #
+  # The format of a fixture file looks like this:
   #
   #   rubyonrails:
   #     id: 1
@@ -46,7 +37,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
   # is followed by an indented list of key/value pairs in the "key: value" format. Records are
   # separated by a blank line for your viewing pleasure.
   #
-  # Note that fixtures are unordered. If you want ordered fixtures, use the omap YAML type.
+  # Note: Fixtures are unordered. If you want ordered fixtures, use the omap YAML type.
   # See http://yaml.org/type/omap.html
   # for the specification. You will need ordered fixtures when you have foreign key constraints
   # on keys in the same table. This is commonly needed for tree structures. Example:
@@ -74,20 +65,39 @@ module ActiveRecord
   #     end
   #   end
   #
-  # By default, <tt>test_helper.rb</tt> will load all of your fixtures into your test database,
-  # so this test will succeed.
+  # By default, +test_helper.rb+ will load all of your fixtures into your test
+  # database, so this test will succeed.
   #
-  # The testing environment will automatically load the all fixtures into the database before each
+  # The testing environment will automatically load all the fixtures into the database before each
   # test. To ensure consistent data, the environment deletes the fixtures before running the load.
   #
   # In addition to being available in the database, the fixture's data may also be accessed by
-  # using a special dynamic method, which has the same name as the model, and accepts the
-  # name of the fixture to instantiate:
+  # using a special dynamic method, which has the same name as the model.
   #
-  #   test "find" do
+  # Passing in a fixture name to this dynamic method returns the fixture matching this name:
+  #
+  #   test "find one" do
   #     assert_equal "Ruby on Rails", web_sites(:rubyonrails).name
   #   end
   #
+  # Passing in multiple fixture names returns all fixtures matching these names:
+  #
+  #   test "find all by name" do
+  #     assert_equal 2, web_sites(:rubyonrails, :google).length
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Passing in no arguments returns all fixtures:
+  #
+  #   test "find all" do
+  #     assert_equal 2, web_sites.length
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Passing in any fixture name that does not exist will raise <tt>StandardError</tt>:
+  #
+  #   test "find by name that does not exist" do
+  #     assert_raise(StandardError) { web_sites(:reddit) }
+  #   end
+  #
   # Alternatively, you may enable auto-instantiation of the fixture data. For instance, take the
   # following tests:
   #
@@ -96,11 +106,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
   #   end
   #
   #   test "find_alt_method_2" do
-  #     assert_equal "Ruby on Rails", @rubyonrails.news
+  #     assert_equal "Ruby on Rails", @rubyonrails.name
   #   end
   #
-  # In order to use these methods to access fixtured data within your testcases, you must specify one of the
-  # following in your <tt>ActiveSupport::TestCase</tt>-derived class:
+  # In order to use these methods to access fixtured data within your test cases, you must specify one of the
+  # following in your ActiveSupport::TestCase-derived class:
   #
   # - to fully enable instantiated fixtures (enable alternate methods #1 and #2 above)
   #     self.use_instantiated_fixtures = true
@@ -114,14 +124,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
   #
   # = Dynamic fixtures with ERB
   #
-  # Some times you don't care about the content of the fixtures as much as you care about the volume.
+  # Sometimes you don't care about the content of the fixtures as much as you care about the volume.
   # In these cases, you can mix ERB in with your YAML fixtures to create a bunch of fixtures for load
   # testing, like:
   #
   #   <% 1.upto(1000) do |i| %>
   #   fix_<%= i %>:
   #     id: <%= i %>
-  #     name: guy_<%= 1 %>
+  #     name: guy_<%= i %>
   #   <% end %>
   #
   # This will create 1000 very simple fixtures.
@@ -133,34 +143,51 @@ module ActiveRecord
   # perhaps you should reexamine whether your application is properly testable. Hence, dynamic values
   # in fixtures are to be considered a code smell.
   #
-  # = Transactional Fixtures
+  # Helper methods defined in a fixture will not be available in other fixtures, to prevent against
+  # unwanted inter-test dependencies. Methods used by multiple fixtures should be defined in a module
+  # that is included in ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.context_class.
+  #
+  # - define a helper method in <tt>test_helper.rb</tt>
+  #     module FixtureFileHelpers
+  #       def file_sha(path)
+  #         Digest::SHA2.hexdigest(File.read(Rails.root.join('test/fixtures', path)))
+  #       end
+  #     end
+  #     ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.context_class.include FixtureFileHelpers
+  #
+  # - use the helper method in a fixture
+  #     photo:
+  #       name: kitten.png
+  #       sha: <%= file_sha 'files/kitten.png' %>
+  #
+  # = Transactional Tests
   #
   # Test cases can use begin+rollback to isolate their changes to the database instead of having to
   # delete+insert for every test case.
   #
   #   class FooTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
-  #     self.use_transactional_fixtures = true
+  #     self.use_transactional_tests = true
   #
   #     test "godzilla" do
-  #       assert !Foo.all.empty?
+  #       assert_not_empty Foo.all
   #       Foo.destroy_all
-  #       assert Foo.all.empty?
+  #       assert_empty Foo.all
   #     end
   #
   #     test "godzilla aftermath" do
-  #       assert !Foo.all.empty?
+  #       assert_not_empty Foo.all
   #     end
   #   end
   #
   # If you preload your test database with all fixture data (probably in the rake task) and use
-  # transactional fixtures, then you may omit all fixtures declarations in your test cases since
+  # transactional tests, then you may omit all fixtures declarations in your test cases since
   # all the data's already there and every case rolls back its changes.
   #
   # In order to use instantiated fixtures with preloaded data, set +self.pre_loaded_fixtures+ to
   # true. This will provide access to fixture data for every table that has been loaded through
   # fixtures (depending on the value of +use_instantiated_fixtures+).
   #
-  # When *not* to use transactional fixtures:
+  # When *not* to use transactional tests:
   #
   # 1. You're testing whether a transaction works correctly. Nested transactions don't commit until
   #    all parent transactions commit, particularly, the fixtures transaction which is begun in setup
@@ -176,6 +203,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
   # * Stable, autogenerated IDs
   # * Label references for associations (belongs_to, has_one, has_many)
   # * HABTM associations as inline lists
+  #
+  # There are some more advanced features available even if the id is specified:
+  #
   # * Autofilled timestamp columns
   # * Fixture label interpolation
   # * Support for YAML defaults
@@ -262,7 +292,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
   #
   #   ### in fruit.rb
   #
-  #   belongs_to :eater, :polymorphic => true
+  #   belongs_to :eater, polymorphic: true
   #
   #   ### in fruits.yml
   #
@@ -358,41 +388,68 @@ module ActiveRecord
   #   geeksomnia:
   #     name: Geeksomnia's Account
   #     subdomain: $LABEL
+  #     email: $LABEL@email.com
   #
   # Also, sometimes (like when porting older join table fixtures) you'll need
   # to be able to get a hold of the identifier for a given label. ERB
   # to the rescue:
   #
   #   george_reginald:
-  #     monkey_id: <%= ActiveRecord::Fixtures.identify(:reginald) %>
-  #     pirate_id: <%= ActiveRecord::Fixtures.identify(:george) %>
+  #     monkey_id: <%= ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.identify(:reginald) %>
+  #     pirate_id: <%= ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.identify(:george) %>
   #
   # == Support for YAML defaults
   #
-  # You probably already know how to use YAML to set and reuse defaults in
-  # your <tt>database.yml</tt> file. You can use the same technique in your fixtures:
+  # You can set and reuse defaults in your fixtures YAML file.
+  # This is the same technique used in the +database.yml+ file to specify
+  # defaults:
   #
   #   DEFAULTS: &DEFAULTS
   #     created_on: <%= 3.weeks.ago.to_s(:db) %>
   #
   #   first:
   #     name: Smurf
-  #     *DEFAULTS
+  #     <<: *DEFAULTS
   #
   #   second:
   #     name: Fraggle
-  #     *DEFAULTS
+  #     <<: *DEFAULTS
   #
   # Any fixture labeled "DEFAULTS" is safely ignored.
-  class Fixtures
-    MAX_ID = 2 ** 30 - 1
+  #
+  # == Configure the fixture model class
+  #
+  # It's possible to set the fixture's model class directly in the YAML file.
+  # This is helpful when fixtures are loaded outside tests and
+  # +set_fixture_class+ is not available (e.g.
+  # when running <tt>rails db:fixtures:load</tt>).
+  #
+  #   _fixture:
+  #     model_class: User
+  #   david:
+  #     name: David
+  #
+  # Any fixtures labeled "_fixture" are safely ignored.
+  class FixtureSet
+    #--
+    # An instance of FixtureSet is normally stored in a single YAML file and
+    # possibly in a folder with the same name.
+    #++
+
+    MAX_ID = 2**30 - 1
+
+    @@all_cached_fixtures = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = {} }
 
-    @@all_cached_fixtures = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = {} }
+    def self.default_fixture_model_name(fixture_set_name, config = ActiveRecord::Base) # :nodoc:
+      config.pluralize_table_names ?
+        fixture_set_name.singularize.camelize :
+        fixture_set_name.camelize
+    end
 
-    def self.find_table_name(table_name) # :nodoc:
-      ActiveRecord::Base.pluralize_table_names ?
-        table_name.to_s.singularize.camelize :
-        table_name.to_s.camelize
+    def self.default_fixture_table_name(fixture_set_name, config = ActiveRecord::Base) # :nodoc:
+      "#{ config.table_name_prefix }"\
+      "#{ fixture_set_name.tr('/', '_') }"\
+      "#{ config.table_name_suffix }".to_sym
     end
 
     def self.reset_cache
@@ -419,11 +476,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       cache_for_connection(connection).update(fixtures_map)
     end
 
-    #--
-    # TODO:NOTE: in the next version, the __with_new_arity suffix and
-    #   the method with the old arity will be removed.
-    #++
-    def self.instantiate_fixtures__with_new_arity(object, fixture_set, load_instances = true) # :nodoc:
+    def self.instantiate_fixtures(object, fixture_set, load_instances = true)
       if load_instances
         fixture_set.each do |fixture_name, fixture|
           begin
@@ -435,124 +488,136 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
     end
 
-    # The use with parameters  <tt>(object, fixture_set_name, fixture_set, load_instances = true)</tt>  is deprecated,  +fixture_set_name+  parameter is not used.
-    # Use as:
-    #
-    #   instantiate_fixtures(object, fixture_set, load_instances = true)
-    def self.instantiate_fixtures(object, fixture_set, load_instances = true, rails_3_2_compatibility_argument = true)
-      unless load_instances == true || load_instances == false
-        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(
-          "ActiveRecord::Fixtures.instantiate_fixtures with parameters (object, fixture_set_name, fixture_set, load_instances = true) is deprecated and shall be removed from future releases.  Use it with parameters (object, fixture_set, load_instances = true) instead (skip fixture_set_name).",
-          caller)
-        fixture_set = load_instances
-        load_instances = rails_3_2_compatibility_argument
-      end
-      instantiate_fixtures__with_new_arity(object, fixture_set, load_instances)
-    end
-
     def self.instantiate_all_loaded_fixtures(object, load_instances = true)
       all_loaded_fixtures.each_value do |fixture_set|
-        ActiveRecord::Fixtures.instantiate_fixtures(object, fixture_set, load_instances)
+        instantiate_fixtures(object, fixture_set, load_instances)
       end
     end
 
-    cattr_accessor :all_loaded_fixtures
-    self.all_loaded_fixtures = {}
+    cattr_accessor :all_loaded_fixtures, default: {}
 
-    def self.create_fixtures(fixtures_directory, table_names, class_names = {})
-      table_names = [table_names].flatten.map { |n| n.to_s }
-      table_names.each { |n|
-        class_names[n.tr('/', '_').to_sym] = n.classify if n.include?('/')
-      }
+    class ClassCache
+      def initialize(class_names, config)
+        @class_names = class_names.stringify_keys
+        @config      = config
 
-      # FIXME: Apparently JK uses this.
-      connection = block_given? ? yield : ActiveRecord::Base.connection
-
-      files_to_read = table_names.reject { |table_name|
-        fixture_is_cached?(connection, table_name)
-      }
+        # Remove string values that aren't constants or subclasses of AR
+        @class_names.delete_if { |klass_name, klass| !insert_class(@class_names, klass_name, klass) }
+      end
 
-      unless files_to_read.empty?
-        connection.disable_referential_integrity do
-          fixtures_map = {}
+      def [](fs_name)
+        @class_names.fetch(fs_name) {
+          klass = default_fixture_model(fs_name, @config).safe_constantize
+          insert_class(@class_names, fs_name, klass)
+        }
+      end
 
-          fixture_files = files_to_read.map do |path|
-            table_name = path.tr '/', '_'
+      private
 
-            fixtures_map[path] = ActiveRecord::Fixtures.new(
-              connection,
-              table_name,
-              class_names[table_name.to_sym] || table_name.classify,
-              ::File.join(fixtures_directory, path))
+        def insert_class(class_names, name, klass)
+          # We only want to deal with AR objects.
+          if klass && klass < ActiveRecord::Base
+            class_names[name] = klass
+          else
+            class_names[name] = nil
           end
+        end
 
-          all_loaded_fixtures.update(fixtures_map)
+        def default_fixture_model(fs_name, config)
+          ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.default_fixture_model_name(fs_name, config)
+        end
+    end
 
-          connection.transaction(:requires_new => true) do
-            fixture_files.each do |ff|
-              conn = ff.model_class.respond_to?(:connection) ? ff.model_class.connection : connection
-              table_rows = ff.table_rows
+    def self.create_fixtures(fixtures_directory, fixture_set_names, class_names = {}, config = ActiveRecord::Base)
+      fixture_set_names = Array(fixture_set_names).map(&:to_s)
+      class_names = ClassCache.new class_names, config
 
-              table_rows.keys.each do |table|
-                conn.delete "DELETE FROM #{conn.quote_table_name(table)}", 'Fixture Delete'
-              end
+      # FIXME: Apparently JK uses this.
+      connection = block_given? ? yield : ActiveRecord::Base.connection
 
-              table_rows.each do |table_name,rows|
-                rows.each do |row|
-                  conn.insert_fixture(row, table_name)
-                end
-              end
-            end
+      files_to_read = fixture_set_names.reject { |fs_name|
+        fixture_is_cached?(connection, fs_name)
+      }
 
-            # Cap primary key sequences to max(pk).
-            if connection.respond_to?(:reset_pk_sequence!)
-              table_names.each do |table_name|
-                connection.reset_pk_sequence!(table_name.tr('/', '_'))
-              end
+      unless files_to_read.empty?
+        fixtures_map = {}
+
+        fixture_sets = files_to_read.map do |fs_name|
+          klass = class_names[fs_name]
+          conn = klass ? klass.connection : connection
+          fixtures_map[fs_name] = new( # ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.new
+            conn,
+            fs_name,
+            klass,
+            ::File.join(fixtures_directory, fs_name))
+        end
+
+        update_all_loaded_fixtures fixtures_map
+        fixture_sets_by_connection = fixture_sets.group_by { |fs| fs.model_class ? fs.model_class.connection : connection }
+
+        fixture_sets_by_connection.each do |conn, set|
+          table_rows_for_connection = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
+
+          set.each do |fs|
+            fs.table_rows.each do |table, rows|
+              table_rows_for_connection[table].unshift(*rows)
             end
           end
+          conn.insert_fixtures_set(table_rows_for_connection, table_rows_for_connection.keys)
 
-          cache_fixtures(connection, fixtures_map)
+          # Cap primary key sequences to max(pk).
+          if conn.respond_to?(:reset_pk_sequence!)
+            set.each { |fs| conn.reset_pk_sequence!(fs.table_name) }
+          end
         end
+
+        cache_fixtures(connection, fixtures_map)
       end
-      cached_fixtures(connection, table_names)
+      cached_fixtures(connection, fixture_set_names)
     end
 
     # Returns a consistent, platform-independent identifier for +label+.
-    # Identifiers are positive integers less than 2^32.
-    def self.identify(label)
-      Zlib.crc32(label.to_s) % MAX_ID
+    # Integer identifiers are values less than 2^30. UUIDs are RFC 4122 version 5 SHA-1 hashes.
+    def self.identify(label, column_type = :integer)
+      if column_type == :uuid
+        Digest::UUID.uuid_v5(Digest::UUID::OID_NAMESPACE, label.to_s)
+      else
+        Zlib.crc32(label.to_s) % MAX_ID
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Superclass for the evaluation contexts used by ERB fixtures.
+    def self.context_class
+      @context_class ||= Class.new
     end
 
-    attr_reader :table_name, :name, :fixtures, :model_class
+    def self.update_all_loaded_fixtures(fixtures_map) # :nodoc:
+      all_loaded_fixtures.update(fixtures_map)
+    end
 
-    def initialize(connection, table_name, class_name, fixture_path)
-      @connection   = connection
-      @table_name   = table_name
-      @fixture_path = fixture_path
-      @name         = table_name # preserve fixture base name
-      @class_name   = class_name
+    attr_reader :table_name, :name, :fixtures, :model_class, :config
 
-      @fixtures     = ActiveSupport::OrderedHash.new
-      @table_name   = "#{ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_prefix}#{@table_name}#{ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_suffix}"
+    def initialize(connection, name, class_name, path, config = ActiveRecord::Base)
+      @name     = name
+      @path     = path
+      @config   = config
 
-      # Should be an AR::Base type class
-      if class_name.is_a?(Class)
-        @table_name   = class_name.table_name
-        @connection   = class_name.connection
-        @model_class  = class_name
-      else
-        @model_class  = class_name.constantize rescue nil
-      end
+      self.model_class = class_name
 
-      read_fixture_files
+      @fixtures = read_fixture_files(path)
+
+      @connection = connection
+
+      @table_name = (model_class.respond_to?(:table_name) ?
+                      model_class.table_name :
+                      self.class.default_fixture_table_name(name, config))
     end
 
     def [](x)
       fixtures[x]
     end
 
-    def []=(k,v)
+    def []=(k, v)
       fixtures[k] = v
     end
 
@@ -564,37 +629,43 @@ module ActiveRecord
       fixtures.size
     end
 
-    # Return a hash of rows to be inserted. The key is the table, the value is
+    # Returns a hash of rows to be inserted. The key is the table, the value is
     # a list of rows to insert to that table.
     def table_rows
-      now = ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone == :utc ? Time.now.utc : Time.now
-      now = now.to_s(:db)
+      now = config.default_timezone == :utc ? Time.now.utc : Time.now
 
       # allow a standard key to be used for doing defaults in YAML
-      fixtures.delete('DEFAULTS')
+      fixtures.delete("DEFAULTS")
 
       # track any join tables we need to insert later
-      rows = Hash.new { |h,table| h[table] = [] }
+      rows = Hash.new { |h, table| h[table] = [] }
 
       rows[table_name] = fixtures.map do |label, fixture|
         row = fixture.to_hash
 
-        if model_class && model_class < ActiveRecord::Base
+        if model_class
           # fill in timestamp columns if they aren't specified and the model is set to record_timestamps
           if model_class.record_timestamps
-            timestamp_column_names.each do |name|
-              row[name] = now unless row.key?(name)
+            timestamp_column_names.each do |c_name|
+              row[c_name] = now unless row.key?(c_name)
             end
           end
 
           # interpolate the fixture label
           row.each do |key, value|
-            row[key] = label if value.is_a?(String) && value == "$LABEL"
+            row[key] = value.gsub("$LABEL", label.to_s) if value.is_a?(String)
           end
 
           # generate a primary key if necessary
           if has_primary_key_column? && !row.include?(primary_key_name)
-            row[primary_key_name] = ActiveRecord::Fixtures.identify(label)
+            row[primary_key_name] = ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.identify(label, primary_key_type)
+          end
+
+          # Resolve enums
+          model_class.defined_enums.each do |name, values|
+            if row.include?(name)
+              row[name] = values.fetch(row[name], row[name])
+            end
           end
 
           # If STI is used, find the correct subclass for association reflection
@@ -605,28 +676,24 @@ module ActiveRecord
               model_class
             end
 
-          reflection_class.reflect_on_all_associations.each do |association|
+          reflection_class._reflections.each_value do |association|
             case association.macro
             when :belongs_to
               # Do not replace association name with association foreign key if they are named the same
               fk_name = (association.options[:foreign_key] || "#{association.name}_id").to_s
 
               if association.name.to_s != fk_name && value = row.delete(association.name.to_s)
-                if association.options[:polymorphic] && value.sub!(/\s*\(([^\)]*)\)\s*$/, "")
+                if association.polymorphic? && value.sub!(/\s*\(([^\)]*)\)\s*$/, "")
                   # support polymorphic belongs_to as "label (Type)"
                   row[association.foreign_type] = $1
                 end
 
-                row[fk_name] = ActiveRecord::Fixtures.identify(value)
+                fk_type = reflection_class.type_for_attribute(fk_name).type
+                row[fk_name] = ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.identify(value, fk_type)
               end
-            when :has_and_belongs_to_many
-              if (targets = row.delete(association.name.to_s))
-                targets = targets.is_a?(Array) ? targets : targets.split(/\s*,\s*/)
-                table_name = association.options[:join_table]
-                rows[table_name].concat targets.map { |target|
-                  { association.foreign_key             => row[primary_key_name],
-                    association.association_foreign_key => ActiveRecord::Fixtures.identify(target) }
-                }
+            when :has_many
+              if association.options[:through]
+                add_join_records(rows, row, HasManyThroughProxy.new(association))
               end
             end
           end
@@ -637,11 +704,63 @@ module ActiveRecord
       rows
     end
 
+    class ReflectionProxy # :nodoc:
+      def initialize(association)
+        @association = association
+      end
+
+      def join_table
+        @association.join_table
+      end
+
+      def name
+        @association.name
+      end
+
+      def primary_key_type
+        @association.klass.type_for_attribute(@association.klass.primary_key).type
+      end
+    end
+
+    class HasManyThroughProxy < ReflectionProxy # :nodoc:
+      def rhs_key
+        @association.foreign_key
+      end
+
+      def lhs_key
+        @association.through_reflection.foreign_key
+      end
+
+      def join_table
+        @association.through_reflection.table_name
+      end
+    end
+
     private
       def primary_key_name
         @primary_key_name ||= model_class && model_class.primary_key
       end
 
+      def primary_key_type
+        @primary_key_type ||= model_class && model_class.type_for_attribute(model_class.primary_key).type
+      end
+
+      def add_join_records(rows, row, association)
+        # This is the case when the join table has no fixtures file
+        if (targets = row.delete(association.name.to_s))
+          table_name  = association.join_table
+          column_type = association.primary_key_type
+          lhs_key     = association.lhs_key
+          rhs_key     = association.rhs_key
+
+          targets = targets.is_a?(Array) ? targets : targets.split(/\s*,\s*/)
+          rows[table_name].concat targets.map { |target|
+            { lhs_key => row[primary_key_name],
+              rhs_key => ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.identify(target, column_type) }
+          }
+        end
+      end
+
       def has_primary_key_column?
         @has_primary_key_column ||= primary_key_name &&
           model_class.columns.any? { |c| c.name == primary_key_name }
@@ -657,27 +776,38 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def column_names
-        @column_names ||= @connection.columns(@table_name).collect { |c| c.name }
+        @column_names ||= @connection.columns(@table_name).collect(&:name)
       end
 
-      def read_fixture_files
-        yaml_files = Dir["#{@fixture_path}/{**,*}/*.yml"].select { |f|
+      def model_class=(class_name)
+        if class_name.is_a?(Class) # TODO: Should be an AR::Base type class, or any?
+          @model_class = class_name
+        else
+          @model_class = class_name.safe_constantize if class_name
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Loads the fixtures from the YAML file at +path+.
+      # If the file sets the +model_class+ and current instance value is not set,
+      # it uses the file value.
+      def read_fixture_files(path)
+        yaml_files = Dir["#{path}/{**,*}/*.yml"].select { |f|
           ::File.file?(f)
-        } + [yaml_file_path]
+        } + [yaml_file_path(path)]
 
-        yaml_files.each do |file|
-          Fixtures::File.open(file) do |fh|
-            fh.each do |name, row|
-              fixtures[name] = ActiveRecord::Fixture.new(row, model_class)
+        yaml_files.each_with_object({}) do |file, fixtures|
+          FixtureSet::File.open(file) do |fh|
+            self.model_class ||= fh.model_class if fh.model_class
+            fh.each do |fixture_name, row|
+              fixtures[fixture_name] = ActiveRecord::Fixture.new(row, model_class)
             end
           end
         end
       end
 
-      def yaml_file_path
-        "#{@fixture_path}.yml"
+      def yaml_file_path(path)
+        "#{path}.yml"
       end
-
   end
 
   class Fixture #:nodoc:
@@ -712,7 +842,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
     def find
       if model_class
-        model_class.find(fixture[model_class.primary_key])
+        model_class.unscoped do
+          model_class.find(fixture[model_class.primary_key])
+        end
       else
         raise FixtureClassNotFound, "No class attached to find."
       end
@@ -724,91 +856,79 @@ module ActiveRecord
   module TestFixtures
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
 
-    included do
-      setup :setup_fixtures
-      teardown :teardown_fixtures
-
-      class_attribute :fixture_path
-      class_attribute :fixture_table_names
-      class_attribute :fixture_class_names
-      class_attribute :use_transactional_fixtures
-      class_attribute :use_instantiated_fixtures   # true, false, or :no_instances
-      class_attribute :pre_loaded_fixtures
+    def before_setup # :nodoc:
+      setup_fixtures
+      super
+    end
 
-      self.fixture_table_names = []
-      self.use_transactional_fixtures = true
-      self.use_instantiated_fixtures = false
-      self.pre_loaded_fixtures = false
+    def after_teardown # :nodoc:
+      super
+      teardown_fixtures
+    end
 
-      self.fixture_class_names = Hash.new do |h, table_name|
-        h[table_name] = ActiveRecord::Fixtures.find_table_name(table_name)
-      end
+    included do
+      class_attribute :fixture_path, instance_writer: false
+      class_attribute :fixture_table_names, default: []
+      class_attribute :fixture_class_names, default: {}
+      class_attribute :use_transactional_tests, default: true
+      class_attribute :use_instantiated_fixtures, default: false # true, false, or :no_instances
+      class_attribute :pre_loaded_fixtures, default: false
+      class_attribute :config, default: ActiveRecord::Base
     end
 
     module ClassMethods
+      # Sets the model class for a fixture when the class name cannot be inferred from the fixture name.
+      #
+      # Examples:
+      #
+      #   set_fixture_class some_fixture:        SomeModel,
+      #                     'namespaced/fixture' => Another::Model
+      #
+      # The keys must be the fixture names, that coincide with the short paths to the fixture files.
       def set_fixture_class(class_names = {})
-        self.fixture_class_names = self.fixture_class_names.merge(class_names)
+        self.fixture_class_names = fixture_class_names.merge(class_names.stringify_keys)
       end
 
-      def fixtures(*fixture_names)
-        if fixture_names.first == :all
-          fixture_names = Dir["#{fixture_path}/{**,*}/*.{yml}"]
-          fixture_names.map! { |f| f[(fixture_path.size + 1)..-5] }
+      def fixtures(*fixture_set_names)
+        if fixture_set_names.first == :all
+          fixture_set_names = Dir["#{fixture_path}/{**,*}/*.{yml}"].uniq
+          fixture_set_names.map! { |f| f[(fixture_path.to_s.size + 1)..-5] }
         else
-          fixture_names = fixture_names.flatten.map { |n| n.to_s }
+          fixture_set_names = fixture_set_names.flatten.map(&:to_s)
         end
 
-        self.fixture_table_names |= fixture_names
-        require_fixture_classes(fixture_names)
-        setup_fixture_accessors(fixture_names)
-      end
-
-      def try_to_load_dependency(file_name)
-        require_dependency file_name
-      rescue LoadError => e
-        # Let's hope the developer has included it himself
-
-        # Let's warn in case this is a subdependency, otherwise
-        # subdependency error messages are totally cryptic
-        if ActiveRecord::Base.logger
-          ActiveRecord::Base.logger.warn("Unable to load #{file_name}, underlying cause #{e.message} \n\n #{e.backtrace.join("\n")}")
-        end
-      end
-
-      def require_fixture_classes(fixture_names = nil)
-        (fixture_names || fixture_table_names).each do |fixture_name|
-          file_name = fixture_name.to_s
-          file_name = file_name.singularize if ActiveRecord::Base.pluralize_table_names
-          try_to_load_dependency(file_name)
-        end
+        self.fixture_table_names |= fixture_set_names
+        setup_fixture_accessors(fixture_set_names)
       end
 
-      def setup_fixture_accessors(fixture_names = nil)
-        fixture_names = Array.wrap(fixture_names || fixture_table_names)
+      def setup_fixture_accessors(fixture_set_names = nil)
+        fixture_set_names = Array(fixture_set_names || fixture_table_names)
         methods = Module.new do
-          fixture_names.each do |fixture_name|
-            fixture_name = fixture_name.to_s.tr('./', '_')
+          fixture_set_names.each do |fs_name|
+            fs_name = fs_name.to_s
+            accessor_name = fs_name.tr("/", "_").to_sym
 
-            define_method(fixture_name) do |*fixtures|
-              force_reload = fixtures.pop if fixtures.last == true || fixtures.last == :reload
+            define_method(accessor_name) do |*fixture_names|
+              force_reload = fixture_names.pop if fixture_names.last == true || fixture_names.last == :reload
+              return_single_record = fixture_names.size == 1
+              fixture_names = @loaded_fixtures[fs_name].fixtures.keys if fixture_names.empty?
 
-              @fixture_cache[fixture_name] ||= {}
+              @fixture_cache[fs_name] ||= {}
 
-              instances = fixtures.map do |fixture|
-                @fixture_cache[fixture_name].delete(fixture) if force_reload
+              instances = fixture_names.map do |f_name|
+                f_name = f_name.to_s if f_name.is_a?(Symbol)
+                @fixture_cache[fs_name].delete(f_name) if force_reload
 
-                if @loaded_fixtures[fixture_name][fixture.to_s]
-                  ActiveRecord::IdentityMap.without do
-                    @fixture_cache[fixture_name][fixture] ||= @loaded_fixtures[fixture_name][fixture.to_s].find
-                  end
+                if @loaded_fixtures[fs_name][f_name]
+                  @fixture_cache[fs_name][f_name] ||= @loaded_fixtures[fs_name][f_name].find
                 else
-                  raise StandardError, "No fixture with name '#{fixture}' found for table '#{fixture_name}'"
+                  raise StandardError, "No fixture named '#{f_name}' found for fixture set '#{fs_name}'"
                 end
               end
 
-              instances.size == 1 ? instances.first : instances
+              return_single_record ? instances.first : instances
             end
-            private fixture_name
+            private accessor_name
           end
         end
         include methods
@@ -816,7 +936,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       def uses_transaction(*methods)
         @uses_transaction = [] unless defined?(@uses_transaction)
-        @uses_transaction.concat methods.map { |m| m.to_s }
+        @uses_transaction.concat methods.map(&:to_s)
       end
 
       def uses_transaction?(method)
@@ -826,40 +946,60 @@ module ActiveRecord
     end
 
     def run_in_transaction?
-      use_transactional_fixtures &&
+      use_transactional_tests &&
         !self.class.uses_transaction?(method_name)
     end
 
-    def setup_fixtures
-      return unless !ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.blank?
-
-      if pre_loaded_fixtures && !use_transactional_fixtures
-        raise RuntimeError, 'pre_loaded_fixtures requires use_transactional_fixtures'
+    def setup_fixtures(config = ActiveRecord::Base)
+      if pre_loaded_fixtures && !use_transactional_tests
+        raise RuntimeError, "pre_loaded_fixtures requires use_transactional_tests"
       end
 
       @fixture_cache = {}
       @fixture_connections = []
       @@already_loaded_fixtures ||= {}
+      @connection_subscriber = nil
 
       # Load fixtures once and begin transaction.
       if run_in_transaction?
         if @@already_loaded_fixtures[self.class]
           @loaded_fixtures = @@already_loaded_fixtures[self.class]
         else
-          @loaded_fixtures = load_fixtures
+          @loaded_fixtures = load_fixtures(config)
           @@already_loaded_fixtures[self.class] = @loaded_fixtures
         end
+
+        # Begin transactions for connections already established
         @fixture_connections = enlist_fixture_connections
         @fixture_connections.each do |connection|
-          connection.increment_open_transactions
-          connection.transaction_joinable = false
-          connection.begin_db_transaction
+          connection.begin_transaction joinable: false
+          connection.pool.lock_thread = true
         end
+
+        # When connections are established in the future, begin a transaction too
+        @connection_subscriber = ActiveSupport::Notifications.subscribe("!connection.active_record") do |_, _, _, _, payload|
+          spec_name = payload[:spec_name] if payload.key?(:spec_name)
+
+          if spec_name
+            begin
+              connection = ActiveRecord::Base.connection_handler.retrieve_connection(spec_name)
+            rescue ConnectionNotEstablished
+              connection = nil
+            end
+
+            if connection && !@fixture_connections.include?(connection)
+              connection.begin_transaction joinable: false
+              connection.pool.lock_thread = true
+              @fixture_connections << connection
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
       # Load fixtures for every test.
       else
-        ActiveRecord::Fixtures.reset_cache
+        ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.reset_cache
         @@already_loaded_fixtures[self.class] = nil
-        @loaded_fixtures = load_fixtures
+        @loaded_fixtures = load_fixtures(config)
       end
 
       # Instantiate fixtures for every test if requested.
@@ -867,50 +1007,39 @@ module ActiveRecord
     end
 
     def teardown_fixtures
-      return unless defined?(ActiveRecord) && !ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.blank?
-
-      unless run_in_transaction?
-        ActiveRecord::Fixtures.reset_cache
-      end
-
       # Rollback changes if a transaction is active.
       if run_in_transaction?
+        ActiveSupport::Notifications.unsubscribe(@connection_subscriber) if @connection_subscriber
         @fixture_connections.each do |connection|
-          if connection.open_transactions != 0
-            connection.rollback_db_transaction
-            connection.decrement_open_transactions
-          end
+          connection.rollback_transaction if connection.transaction_open?
+          connection.pool.lock_thread = false
         end
         @fixture_connections.clear
+      else
+        ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.reset_cache
       end
+
       ActiveRecord::Base.clear_active_connections!
     end
 
     def enlist_fixture_connections
-      ActiveRecord::Base.connection_handler.connection_pools.values.map(&:connection)
+      ActiveRecord::Base.connection_handler.connection_pool_list.map(&:connection)
     end
 
     private
-      def load_fixtures
-        fixtures = ActiveRecord::Fixtures.create_fixtures(fixture_path, fixture_table_names, fixture_class_names)
+      def load_fixtures(config)
+        fixtures = ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.create_fixtures(fixture_path, fixture_table_names, fixture_class_names, config)
         Hash[fixtures.map { |f| [f.name, f] }]
       end
 
-      # for pre_loaded_fixtures, only require the classes once. huge speed improvement
-      @@required_fixture_classes = false
-
       def instantiate_fixtures
         if pre_loaded_fixtures
-          raise RuntimeError, 'Load fixtures before instantiating them.' if ActiveRecord::Fixtures.all_loaded_fixtures.empty?
-          unless @@required_fixture_classes
-            self.class.require_fixture_classes ActiveRecord::Fixtures.all_loaded_fixtures.keys
-            @@required_fixture_classes = true
-          end
-          ActiveRecord::Fixtures.instantiate_all_loaded_fixtures(self, load_instances?)
+          raise RuntimeError, "Load fixtures before instantiating them." if ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.all_loaded_fixtures.empty?
+          ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.instantiate_all_loaded_fixtures(self, load_instances?)
         else
-          raise RuntimeError, 'Load fixtures before instantiating them.' if @loaded_fixtures.nil?
+          raise RuntimeError, "Load fixtures before instantiating them." if @loaded_fixtures.nil?
           @loaded_fixtures.each_value do |fixture_set|
-            ActiveRecord::Fixtures.instantiate_fixtures(self, fixture_set, load_instances?)
+            ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.instantiate_fixtures(self, fixture_set, load_instances?)
           end
         end
       end
@@ -920,3 +1049,17 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
   end
 end
+
+class ActiveRecord::FixtureSet::RenderContext # :nodoc:
+  def self.create_subclass
+    Class.new ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.context_class do
+      def get_binding
+        binding()
+      end
+
+      def binary(path)
+        %(!!binary "#{Base64.strict_encode64(File.read(path))}")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end