activerecord 3.2.22.4 → 4.0.13

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_limits.rb

@@ -17,6 +17,15 @@ module ActiveRecord
         64
       end
 
+      # Returns the maximum allowed length for an index name. This
+      # limit is enforced by rails and Is less than or equal to
+      # <tt>index_name_length</tt>. The gap between
+      # <tt>index_name_length</tt> is to allow internal rails
+      # operations to use prefixes in temporary operations.
+      def allowed_index_name_length
+        index_name_length
+      end
+
       # Returns the maximum length of an index name.
       def index_name_length
         64

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb

@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters # :nodoc:
     module DatabaseStatements
+      def initialize
+        super
+        reset_transaction
+      end
+
       # Converts an arel AST to SQL
       def to_sql(arel, binds = [])
         if arel.respond_to?(:ast)
+          binds = binds.dup
           visitor.accept(arel.ast) do
             quote(*binds.shift.reverse)
           end
@@ -15,19 +21,20 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # Returns an array of record hashes with the column names as keys and
       # column values as values.
       def select_all(arel, name = nil, binds = [])
+        arel, binds = binds_from_relation arel, binds
         select(to_sql(arel, binds), name, binds)
       end
 
       # Returns a record hash with the column names as keys and column values
       # as values.
-      def select_one(arel, name = nil)
-        result = select_all(arel, name)
+      def select_one(arel, name = nil, binds = [])
+        result = select_all(arel, name, binds)
         result.first if result
       end
 
       # Returns a single value from a record
-      def select_value(arel, name = nil)
-        if result = select_one(arel, name)
+      def select_value(arel, name = nil, binds = [])
+        if result = select_one(arel, name, binds)
           result.values.first
         end
       end
@@ -35,13 +42,13 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # Returns an array of the values of the first column in a select:
       #   select_values("SELECT id FROM companies LIMIT 3") => [1,2,3]
       def select_values(arel, name = nil)
-        result = select_rows(to_sql(arel, []), name)
-        result.map { |v| v[0] }
+        arel, binds = binds_from_relation arel, []
+        select_rows(to_sql(arel, binds), name, binds).map(&:first)
       end
 
       # Returns an array of arrays containing the field values.
       # Order is the same as that returned by +columns+.
-      def select_rows(sql, name = nil)
+      def select_rows(sql, name = nil, binds = [])
       end
       undef_method :select_rows
 
@@ -57,21 +64,21 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       # Executes insert +sql+ statement in the context of this connection using
-      # +binds+ as the bind substitutes. +name+ is the logged along with
+      # +binds+ as the bind substitutes. +name+ is logged along with
       # the executed +sql+ statement.
-      def exec_insert(sql, name, binds)
+      def exec_insert(sql, name, binds, pk = nil, sequence_name = nil)
         exec_query(sql, name, binds)
       end
 
       # Executes delete +sql+ statement in the context of this connection using
-      # +binds+ as the bind substitutes. +name+ is the logged along with
+      # +binds+ as the bind substitutes. +name+ is logged along with
       # the executed +sql+ statement.
       def exec_delete(sql, name, binds)
         exec_query(sql, name, binds)
       end
 
       # Executes update +sql+ statement in the context of this connection using
-      # +binds+ as the bind substitutes. +name+ is the logged along with
+      # +binds+ as the bind substitutes. +name+ is logged along with
       # the executed +sql+ statement.
       def exec_update(sql, name, binds)
         exec_query(sql, name, binds)
@@ -87,7 +94,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # passed in as +id_value+.
       def insert(arel, name = nil, pk = nil, id_value = nil, sequence_name = nil, binds = [])
         sql, binds = sql_for_insert(to_sql(arel, binds), pk, id_value, sequence_name, binds)
-        value      = exec_insert(sql, name, binds)
+        value      = exec_insert(sql, name, binds, pk, sequence_name)
         id_value || last_inserted_id(value)
       end
 
@@ -101,20 +108,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
         exec_delete(to_sql(arel, binds), name, binds)
       end
 
-      # Checks whether there is currently no transaction active. This is done
-      # by querying the database driver, and does not use the transaction
-      # house-keeping information recorded by #increment_open_transactions and
-      # friends.
-      #
-      # Returns true if there is no transaction active, false if there is a
-      # transaction active, and nil if this information is unknown.
-      #
-      # Not all adapters supports transaction state introspection. Currently,
-      # only the PostgreSQL adapter supports this.
-      def outside_transaction?
-        nil
-      end
-
       # Returns +true+ when the connection adapter supports prepared statement
       # caching, otherwise returns +false+
       def supports_statement_cache?
@@ -133,7 +126,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # In order to get around this problem, #transaction will emulate the effect
       # of nested transactions, by using savepoints:
       # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/savepoint.html
-      # Savepoints are supported by MySQL and PostgreSQL, but not SQLite3.
+      # Savepoints are supported by MySQL and PostgreSQL. SQLite3 version >= '3.6.8'
+      # supports savepoints.
       #
       # It is safe to call this method if a database transaction is already open,
       # i.e. if #transaction is called within another #transaction block. In case
@@ -158,95 +152,124 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # already-automatically-released savepoints:
       #
       #   Model.connection.transaction do  # BEGIN
-      #     Model.connection.transaction(:requires_new => true) do  # CREATE SAVEPOINT active_record_1
+      #     Model.connection.transaction(requires_new: true) do  # CREATE SAVEPOINT active_record_1
       #       Model.connection.create_table(...)
       #       # active_record_1 now automatically released
       #     end  # RELEASE SAVEPOINT active_record_1  <--- BOOM! database error!
       #   end
+      #
+      # == Transaction isolation
+      #
+      # If your database supports setting the isolation level for a transaction, you can set
+      # it like so:
+      #
+      #   Post.transaction(isolation: :serializable) do
+      #     # ...
+      #   end
+      #
+      # Valid isolation levels are:
+      #
+      # * <tt>:read_uncommitted</tt>
+      # * <tt>:read_committed</tt>
+      # * <tt>:repeatable_read</tt>
+      # * <tt>:serializable</tt>
+      #
+      # You should consult the documentation for your database to understand the
+      # semantics of these different levels:
+      #
+      # * http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/transaction-iso.html
+      # * https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/set-transaction.html
+      #
+      # An <tt>ActiveRecord::TransactionIsolationError</tt> will be raised if:
+      #
+      # * The adapter does not support setting the isolation level
+      # * You are joining an existing open transaction
+      # * You are creating a nested (savepoint) transaction
+      #
+      # The mysql, mysql2 and postgresql adapters support setting the transaction
+      # isolation level. However, support is disabled for mysql versions below 5,
+      # because they are affected by a bug[http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=39170]
+      # which means the isolation level gets persisted outside the transaction.
       def transaction(options = {})
-        options.assert_valid_keys :requires_new, :joinable
+        options.assert_valid_keys :requires_new, :joinable, :isolation
+
+        if !options[:requires_new] && current_transaction.joinable?
+          if options[:isolation]
+            raise ActiveRecord::TransactionIsolationError, "cannot set isolation when joining a transaction"
+          end
 
-        last_transaction_joinable = defined?(@transaction_joinable) ? @transaction_joinable : nil
-        if options.has_key?(:joinable)
-          @transaction_joinable = options[:joinable]
+          yield
         else
-          @transaction_joinable = true
+          within_new_transaction(options) { yield }
         end
-        requires_new = options[:requires_new] || !last_transaction_joinable
-
-        transaction_open = false
-        @_current_transaction_records ||= []
+      rescue ActiveRecord::Rollback
+        # rollbacks are silently swallowed
+      end
 
-        begin
-          if block_given?
-            if requires_new || open_transactions == 0
-              if open_transactions == 0
-                begin_db_transaction
-              elsif requires_new
-                create_savepoint
-              end
-              increment_open_transactions
-              transaction_open = true
-              @_current_transaction_records.push([])
-            end
-            yield
-          end
-        rescue Exception => database_transaction_rollback
-          if transaction_open && !outside_transaction?
-            transaction_open = false
-            decrement_open_transactions
-            if open_transactions == 0
-              rollback_db_transaction
-              rollback_transaction_records(true)
-            else
-              rollback_to_savepoint
-              rollback_transaction_records(false)
-            end
-          end
-          raise unless database_transaction_rollback.is_a?(ActiveRecord::Rollback)
-        end
+      def within_new_transaction(options = {}) #:nodoc:
+        transaction = begin_transaction(options)
+        yield
+      rescue Exception => error
+        rollback_transaction if transaction
+        raise
       ensure
-        @transaction_joinable = last_transaction_joinable
-
-        if outside_transaction?
-          @open_transactions = 0
-        elsif transaction_open
-          decrement_open_transactions
-          begin
-            if open_transactions == 0
-              commit_db_transaction
-              commit_transaction_records
-            else
-              release_savepoint
-              save_point_records = @_current_transaction_records.pop
-              unless save_point_records.blank?
-                @_current_transaction_records.push([]) if @_current_transaction_records.empty?
-                @_current_transaction_records.last.concat(save_point_records)
-              end
-            end
-          rescue Exception => database_transaction_rollback
-            if open_transactions == 0
-              rollback_db_transaction
-              rollback_transaction_records(true)
-            else
-              rollback_to_savepoint
-              rollback_transaction_records(false)
-            end
-            raise
-          end
+        begin
+          commit_transaction unless error
+        rescue Exception
+          rollback_transaction
+          raise
         end
       end
 
+      def current_transaction #:nodoc:
+        @transaction
+      end
+
+      def transaction_open?
+        @transaction.open?
+      end
+
+      def begin_transaction(options = {}) #:nodoc:
+        @transaction = @transaction.begin(options)
+      end
+
+      def commit_transaction #:nodoc:
+        @transaction = @transaction.commit
+      end
+
+      def rollback_transaction #:nodoc:
+        @transaction = @transaction.rollback
+      end
+
+      def reset_transaction #:nodoc:
+        @transaction = ClosedTransaction.new(self)
+      end
+
       # Register a record with the current transaction so that its after_commit and after_rollback callbacks
       # can be called.
       def add_transaction_record(record)
-        last_batch = @_current_transaction_records.last
-        last_batch << record if last_batch
+        @transaction.add_record(record)
       end
 
       # Begins the transaction (and turns off auto-committing).
       def begin_db_transaction()    end
 
+      def transaction_isolation_levels
+        {
+          read_uncommitted: "READ UNCOMMITTED",
+          read_committed:   "READ COMMITTED",
+          repeatable_read:  "REPEATABLE READ",
+          serializable:     "SERIALIZABLE"
+        }
+      end
+
+      # Begins the transaction with the isolation level set. Raises an error by
+      # default; adapters that support setting the isolation level should implement
+      # this method.
+      def begin_isolated_db_transaction(isolation)
+        raise ActiveRecord::TransactionIsolationError, "adapter does not support setting transaction isolation"
+      end
+
       # Commits the transaction (and turns on auto-committing).
       def commit_db_transaction()   end
 
@@ -278,7 +301,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def empty_insert_statement_value
-        "VALUES(DEFAULT)"
+        "DEFAULT VALUES"
       end
 
       def case_sensitive_equality_operator
@@ -312,13 +335,27 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # on mysql (even when aliasing the tables), but mysql allows using JOIN directly in
       # an UPDATE statement, so in the mysql adapters we redefine this to do that.
       def join_to_update(update, select) #:nodoc:
-        subselect = select.clone
-        subselect.projections = [update.key]
+        key = update.key
+        subselect = subquery_for(key, select)
+
+        update.where key.in(subselect)
+      end
 
-        update.where update.key.in(subselect)
+      def join_to_delete(delete, select, key) #:nodoc:
+        subselect = subquery_for(key, select)
+
+        delete.where key.in(subselect)
       end
 
       protected
+
+        # Return a subquery for the given key using the join information.
+        def subquery_for(key, select)
+          subselect = select.clone
+          subselect.projections = [key]
+          subselect
+        end
+
         # Returns an array of record hashes with the column names as keys and
         # column values as values.
         def select(sql, name = nil, binds = [])
@@ -341,50 +378,21 @@ module ActiveRecord
           update_sql(sql, name)
         end
 
-        # Send a rollback message to all records after they have been rolled back. If rollback
-        # is false, only rollback records since the last save point.
-        def rollback_transaction_records(rollback)
-          if rollback
-            records = @_current_transaction_records.flatten
-            @_current_transaction_records.clear
-          else
-            records = @_current_transaction_records.pop
-          end
+        def sql_for_insert(sql, pk, id_value, sequence_name, binds)
+          [sql, binds]
+        end
 
-          unless records.blank?
-            records.uniq.each do |record|
-              begin
-                record.rolledback!(rollback)
-              rescue Exception => e
-                record.logger.error(e) if record.respond_to?(:logger) && record.logger
-              end
-            end
-          end
+        def last_inserted_id(result)
+          row = result.rows.first
+          row && row.first
         end
 
-        # Send a commit message to all records after they have been committed.
-        def commit_transaction_records
-          records = @_current_transaction_records.flatten
-          @_current_transaction_records.clear
-          unless records.blank?
-            records.uniq.each do |record|
-              begin
-                record.committed!
-              rescue Exception => e
-                record.logger.error(e) if record.respond_to?(:logger) && record.logger
-              end
-            end
+        def binds_from_relation(relation, binds)
+          if relation.is_a?(Relation) && binds.blank?
+            relation, binds = relation.arel, relation.bind_values
           end
+          [relation, binds]
         end
-
-      def sql_for_insert(sql, pk, id_value, sequence_name, binds)
-        [sql, binds]
-      end
-
-      def last_inserted_id(result)
-        row = result.rows.first
-        row && row.first
-      end
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb

@@ -2,16 +2,16 @@ module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters # :nodoc:
     module QueryCache
       class << self
-        def included(base)
+        def included(base) #:nodoc:
           dirties_query_cache base, :insert, :update, :delete
         end
 
         def dirties_query_cache(base, *method_names)
           method_names.each do |method_name|
             base.class_eval <<-end_code, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
-              def #{method_name}(*)                         # def update_with_query_dirty(*args)
+              def #{method_name}(*)                         # def update_with_query_dirty(*)
                 clear_query_cache if @query_cache_enabled   #   clear_query_cache if @query_cache_enabled
-                super                                       #   update_without_query_dirty(*args)
+                super                                       #   super
               end                                           # end
             end_code
           end
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       def select_all(arel, name = nil, binds = [])
         if @query_cache_enabled && !locked?(arel)
+          arel, binds = binds_from_relation arel, binds
           sql = to_sql(arel, binds)
           cache_sql(sql, binds) { super(sql, name, binds) }
         else
@@ -65,26 +66,31 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       private
-        def cache_sql(sql, binds)
-          result =
-            if @query_cache[sql].key?(binds)
-              ActiveSupport::Notifications.instrument("sql.active_record",
-                :sql => sql, :binds => binds, :name => "CACHE", :connection_id => object_id)
-              @query_cache[sql][binds]
-            else
-              @query_cache[sql][binds] = yield
-            end
 
-          result.collect { |row| row.dup }
-        end
-
-        def locked?(arel)
-          if arel.respond_to?(:locked)
-            arel.locked
+      def cache_sql(sql, binds)
+        result =
+          if @query_cache[sql].key?(binds)
+            ActiveSupport::Notifications.instrument("sql.active_record",
+              :sql => sql, :binds => binds, :name => "CACHE", :connection_id => object_id)
+            @query_cache[sql][binds]
           else
-            false
+            @query_cache[sql][binds] = yield
           end
+
+        # FIXME: we should guarantee that all cached items are Result
+        # objects.  Then we can avoid this conditional
+        if ActiveRecord::Result === result
+          result.dup
+        else
+          result.collect { |row| row.dup }
         end
+      end
+
+      # If arel is locked this is a SELECT ... FOR UPDATE or somesuch. Such
+      # queries should not be cached.
+      def locked?(arel)
+        arel.respond_to?(:locked) && arel.locked
+      end
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb

@@ -31,9 +31,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
           # BigDecimals need to be put in a non-normalized form and quoted.
         when nil        then "NULL"
         when BigDecimal then value.to_s('F')
-        when Numeric    then value.to_s
+        when Numeric, ActiveSupport::Duration then value.to_s
         when Date, Time then "'#{quoted_date(value)}'"
         when Symbol     then "'#{quote_string(value.to_s)}'"
+        when Class      then "'#{value.to_s}'"
         else
           "'#{quote_string(YAML.dump(value))}'"
         end
@@ -43,7 +44,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # SQLite does not understand dates, so this method will convert a Date
       # to a String.
       def type_cast(value, column)
-        return value.id if value.respond_to?(:quoted_id)
+        if value.respond_to?(:quoted_id) && value.respond_to?(:id)
+          return value.id
+        end
 
         case value
         when String, ActiveSupport::Multibyte::Chars
@@ -71,7 +74,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
         when Date, Time then quoted_date(value)
         when Symbol     then value.to_s
         else
-          YAML.dump(value)
+          to_type = column ? " to #{column.type}" : ""
+          raise TypeError, "can't cast #{value.class}#{to_type}"
         end
       end
 
@@ -91,6 +95,18 @@ module ActiveRecord
         quote_column_name(table_name)
       end
 
+      # Override to return the quoted table name for assignment. Defaults to
+      # table quoting.
+      #
+      # This works for mysql and mysql2 where table.column can be used to
+      # resolve ambiguity.
+      #
+      # We override this in the sqlite and postgresql adapters to use only
+      # the column name (as per syntax requirements).
+      def quote_table_name_for_assignment(table, attr)
+        quote_table_name("#{table}.#{attr}")
+      end
+
       def quoted_true
         "'t'"
       end