activerecord 1.15.6 → 2.0.0

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/openbase_adapter.rb

@@ -1,350 +0,0 @@
-require 'active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter'
-
-module ActiveRecord
-  class Base
-    # Establishes a connection to the database that's used by all Active Record objects
-    def self.openbase_connection(config) # :nodoc:
-      require_library_or_gem 'openbase' unless self.class.const_defined?(:OpenBase)
-
-      config = config.symbolize_keys
-      host     = config[:host]
-      username = config[:username].to_s
-      password = config[:password].to_s
-      
-
-      if config.has_key?(:database)
-        database = config[:database]
-      else
-        raise ArgumentError, "No database specified. Missing argument: database."
-      end
-
-      oba = ConnectionAdapters::OpenBaseAdapter.new(
-        OpenBase.new(database, host, username, password), logger
-      )
-      
-      oba
-    end
-    
-  end
-
-  module ConnectionAdapters
-    class OpenBaseColumn < Column #:nodoc:
-      private
-        def simplified_type(field_type)
-          return :integer if field_type.downcase =~ /long/
-          return :decimal if field_type.downcase == "money"
-          return :binary  if field_type.downcase == "object"
-          super
-        end
-    end
-    # The OpenBase adapter works with the Ruby/Openbase driver by Tetsuya Suzuki.
-    # http://www.spice-of-life.net/ruby-openbase/ (needs version 0.7.3+)
-    #
-    # Options:
-    #
-    # * <tt>:host</tt> -- Defaults to localhost
-    # * <tt>:username</tt> -- Defaults to nothing
-    # * <tt>:password</tt> -- Defaults to nothing
-    # * <tt>:database</tt> -- The name of the database. No default, must be provided.
-    #
-    # The OpenBase adapter will make use of OpenBase's ability to generate unique ids
-    # for any column with an unique index applied.  Thus, if the value of a primary
-    # key is not specified at the time an INSERT is performed, the adapter will prefetch
-    # a unique id for the primary key.  This prefetching is also necessary in order 
-    # to return the id after an insert.
-    #
-    # Caveat: Operations involving LIMIT and OFFSET do not yet work!
-    #
-    # Maintainer: derrick.spell@gmail.com
-    class OpenBaseAdapter < AbstractAdapter
-      def adapter_name
-        'OpenBase'
-      end
-      
-      def native_database_types
-        {
-          :primary_key => "integer UNIQUE INDEX DEFAULT _rowid",
-          :string      => { :name => "char", :limit => 4096 },
-          :text        => { :name => "text" },
-          :integer     => { :name => "integer" },
-          :float       => { :name => "float" },
-          :decimal     => { :name => "decimal" },
-          :datetime    => { :name => "datetime" },
-          :timestamp   => { :name => "timestamp" },
-          :time        => { :name => "time" },
-          :date        => { :name => "date" },
-          :binary      => { :name => "object" },
-          :boolean     => { :name => "boolean" }
-        }
-      end
-      
-      def supports_migrations?
-        false
-      end      
-      
-      def prefetch_primary_key?(table_name = nil)
-        true
-      end
-      
-      def default_sequence_name(table_name, primary_key) # :nodoc:
-        "#{table_name} #{primary_key}"
-      end
-      
-      def next_sequence_value(sequence_name)
-        ary = sequence_name.split(' ')
-        if (!ary[1]) then
-          ary[0] =~ /(\w+)_nonstd_seq/
-          ary[0] = $1
-        end
-        @connection.unique_row_id(ary[0], ary[1])
-      end
-
-      
-      # QUOTING ==================================================
-      
-      def quote(value, column = nil)
-        if value.kind_of?(String) && column && column.type == :binary
-          "'#{@connection.insert_binary(value)}'"
-        else
-          super
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def quoted_true
-        "1"
-      end
-      
-      def quoted_false
-        "0"
-      end
-      
-
-
-      # DATABASE STATEMENTS ======================================
-
-      def add_limit_offset!(sql, options) #:nodoc:
-        if limit = options[:limit]
-          unless offset = options[:offset]
-            sql << " RETURN RESULTS #{limit}"
-          else
-            limit = limit + offset
-            sql << " RETURN RESULTS #{offset} TO #{limit}"
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def select_all(sql, name = nil) #:nodoc:
-        select(sql, name)
-      end
-
-      def select_one(sql, name = nil) #:nodoc:
-        add_limit_offset!(sql,{:limit => 1})
-        results = select(sql, name)
-        results.first if results
-      end
-
-      def insert(sql, name = nil, pk = nil, id_value = nil, sequence_name = nil) #:nodoc:
-        execute(sql, name)
-        update_nulls_after_insert(sql, name, pk, id_value, sequence_name)
-        id_value
-      end
-      
-      def execute(sql, name = nil) #:nodoc:
-        log(sql, name) { @connection.execute(sql) }
-      end
-
-      def update(sql, name = nil) #:nodoc:
-        execute(sql, name).rows_affected
-      end
-
-      alias_method :delete, :update #:nodoc:
-#=begin
-      def begin_db_transaction #:nodoc:
-        execute "START TRANSACTION"
-      rescue Exception
-        # Transactions aren't supported
-      end
-
-      def commit_db_transaction #:nodoc:
-        execute "COMMIT"
-      rescue Exception
-        # Transactions aren't supported
-      end
-
-      def rollback_db_transaction #:nodoc:
-        execute "ROLLBACK"
-      rescue Exception
-        # Transactions aren't supported
-      end
-#=end      
-
-      # SCHEMA STATEMENTS ========================================
-
-      # Return the list of all tables in the schema search path.
-      def tables(name = nil) #:nodoc:
-        tables = @connection.tables
-        tables.reject! { |t| /\A_SYS_/ === t }
-        tables
-      end
-
-      def columns(table_name, name = nil) #:nodoc:
-        sql = "SELECT * FROM _sys_tables "
-        sql << "WHERE tablename='#{table_name}' AND INDEXOF(fieldname,'_')<>0 "
-        sql << "ORDER BY columnNumber"
-        columns = []
-        select_all(sql, name).each do |row|
-          columns << OpenBaseColumn.new(row["fieldname"],
-                                default_value(row["defaultvalue"]),
-                                sql_type_name(row["typename"],row["length"]),
-                                row["notnull"]
-                                )
-    #      breakpoint() if row["fieldname"] == "content"
-        end
-        columns
-      end
-
-      def indexes(table_name, name = nil)#:nodoc:
-        sql = "SELECT fieldname, notnull, searchindex, uniqueindex, clusteredindex FROM _sys_tables "
-        sql << "WHERE tablename='#{table_name}' AND INDEXOF(fieldname,'_')<>0 "
-        sql << "AND primarykey=0 "
-        sql << "AND (searchindex=1 OR uniqueindex=1 OR clusteredindex=1) "
-        sql << "ORDER BY columnNumber"
-        indexes = []
-        execute(sql, name).each do |row|
-          indexes << IndexDefinition.new(table_name,index_name(row),row[3]==1,[row[0]])
-        end
-        indexes
-      end
-
-
-      private
-        def select(sql, name = nil)
-          sql = translate_sql(sql)
-          results = execute(sql, name)
-
-          date_cols = []
-          col_names = []
-          results.column_infos.each do |info|
-            col_names << info.name
-            date_cols << info.name if info.type == "date"
-          end
-          
-          rows = []
-          if ( results.rows_affected )
-            results.each do |row|  # loop through result rows
-              hashed_row = {}
-              row.each_index do |index| 
-                hashed_row["#{col_names[index]}"] = row[index] unless col_names[index] == "_rowid"
-              end
-              date_cols.each do |name|
-                unless hashed_row["#{name}"].nil? or hashed_row["#{name}"].empty?
-                  hashed_row["#{name}"] = Date.parse(hashed_row["#{name}"],false).to_s
-                end
-              end
-              rows << hashed_row
-            end
-          end
-          rows
-        end
-        
-        def default_value(value)
-          # Boolean type values
-          return true if value =~ /true/
-          return false if value =~ /false/
- 
-          # Date / Time magic values
-          return Time.now.to_s if value =~ /^now\(\)/i
- 
-          # Empty strings should be set to null
-          return nil if value.empty?
-          
-          # Otherwise return what we got from OpenBase
-          # and hope for the best...
-          return value
-        end 
-        
-        def sql_type_name(type_name, length)
-          return "#{type_name}(#{length})" if ( type_name =~ /char/ )
-          type_name
-        end
-                
-        def index_name(row = [])
-          name = ""
-          name << "UNIQUE " if row[3]
-          name << "CLUSTERED " if row[4]
-          name << "INDEX"
-          name
-        end
-        
-        def translate_sql(sql)
-          
-          # Change table.* to list of columns in table
-          while (sql =~ /SELECT.*\s(\w+)\.\*/)
-            table = $1
-            cols = columns(table)
-            if ( cols.size == 0 ) then
-              # Maybe this is a table alias
-              sql =~ /FROM(.+?)(?:LEFT|OUTER|JOIN|WHERE|GROUP|HAVING|ORDER|RETURN|$)/  
-              $1 =~ /[\s|,](\w+)\s+#{table}[\s|,]/ # get the tablename for this alias
-              cols = columns($1)
-            end
-            select_columns = []
-            cols.each do |col|
-              select_columns << table + '.' + col.name
-            end
-            sql.gsub!(table + '.*',select_columns.join(", ")) if select_columns
-          end
-   
-          # Change JOIN clause to table list and WHERE condition
-          while (sql =~ /JOIN/)
-            sql =~ /((LEFT )?(OUTER )?JOIN (\w+) ON )(.+?)(?:LEFT|OUTER|JOIN|WHERE|GROUP|HAVING|ORDER|RETURN|$)/
-            join_clause = $1 + $5
-            is_outer_join = $3
-            join_table = $4
-            join_condition = $5
-            join_condition.gsub!(/=/,"*") if is_outer_join
-            if (sql =~ /WHERE/)
-              sql.gsub!(/WHERE/,"WHERE (#{join_condition}) AND")
-            else
-              sql.gsub!(join_clause,"#{join_clause} WHERE #{join_condition}")
-            end
-            sql =~ /(FROM .+?)(?:LEFT|OUTER|JOIN|WHERE|$)/
-            from_clause = $1
-            sql.gsub!(from_clause,"#{from_clause}, #{join_table} ")
-            sql.gsub!(join_clause,"")
-          end
-    
-          # ORDER BY _rowid if no explicit ORDER BY
-          # This will ensure that find(:first) returns the first inserted row
-          if (sql !~ /(ORDER BY)|(GROUP BY)/)
-            if (sql =~ /RETURN RESULTS/)
-              sql.sub!(/RETURN RESULTS/,"ORDER BY _rowid RETURN RESULTS")
-            else
-              sql << " ORDER BY _rowid"
-            end
-          end
-          
-          sql
-        end
-        
-        def update_nulls_after_insert(sql, name = nil, pk = nil, id_value = nil, sequence_name = nil)
-          sql =~ /INSERT INTO (\w+) \((.*)\) VALUES\s*\((.*)\)/m
-          table = $1
-          cols = $2
-          values = $3
-          cols = cols.split(',')
-          values.gsub!(/'[^']*'/,"''")
-          values.gsub!(/"[^"]*"/,"\"\"")
-          values = values.split(',')
-          update_cols = []
-          values.each_index { |index| update_cols << cols[index] if values[index] =~ /\s*NULL\s*/ }
-          update_sql = "UPDATE #{table} SET"
-          update_cols.each { |col| update_sql << " #{col}=NULL," unless col.empty? }
-          update_sql.chop!()
-          update_sql << " WHERE #{pk}=#{quote(id_value)}"
-          execute(update_sql, name + " NULL Correction") if update_cols.size > 0
-        end
-        
-      end
-  end
-end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/oracle_adapter.rb

@@ -1,690 +0,0 @@
-# oracle_adapter.rb -- ActiveRecord adapter for Oracle 8i, 9i, 10g
-#
-# Original author: Graham Jenkins
-#
-# Current maintainer: Michael Schoen <schoenm@earthlink.net>
-#
-#########################################################################
-#
-# Implementation notes:
-# 1. Redefines (safely) a method in ActiveRecord to make it possible to
-#    implement an autonumbering solution for Oracle.
-# 2. The OCI8 driver is patched to properly handle values for LONG and
-#    TIMESTAMP columns. The driver-author has indicated that a future
-#    release of the driver will obviate this patch.
-# 3. LOB support is implemented through an after_save callback.
-# 4. Oracle does not offer native LIMIT and OFFSET options; this
-#    functionality is mimiced through the use of nested selects.
-#    See http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/ask/f?p=4950:8:::::F4950_P8_DISPLAYID:127412348064
-#
-# Do what you want with this code, at your own peril, but if any
-# significant portion of my code remains then please acknowledge my
-# contribution.
-# portions Copyright 2005 Graham Jenkins
-
-require 'active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter'
-require 'delegate'
-
-begin
-  require_library_or_gem 'oci8' unless self.class.const_defined? :OCI8
-
-  module ActiveRecord
-    class Base
-      def self.oracle_connection(config) #:nodoc:
-        # Use OCI8AutoRecover instead of normal OCI8 driver.
-        ConnectionAdapters::OracleAdapter.new OCI8AutoRecover.new(config), logger
-      end
-
-      # for backwards-compatibility
-      def self.oci_connection(config) #:nodoc:
-        config[:database] = config[:host]
-        self.oracle_connection(config)
-      end
-
-      # After setting large objects to empty, select the OCI8::LOB
-      # and write back the data.
-      after_save :write_lobs
-      def write_lobs() #:nodoc:
-        if connection.is_a?(ConnectionAdapters::OracleAdapter)
-          self.class.columns.select { |c| c.sql_type =~ /LOB$/i }.each { |c|
-            value = self[c.name]
-            value = value.to_yaml if unserializable_attribute?(c.name, c)
-            next if value.nil?  || (value == '')
-            lob = connection.select_one(
-              "SELECT #{c.name} FROM #{self.class.table_name} WHERE #{self.class.primary_key} = #{quote_value(id)}",
-              'Writable Large Object')[c.name]
-            lob.write value
-          }
-        end
-      end
-
-      private :write_lobs
-    end
-
-
-    module ConnectionAdapters #:nodoc:
-      class OracleColumn < Column #:nodoc:
-
-        def type_cast(value)
-          return guess_date_or_time(value) if type == :datetime && OracleAdapter.emulate_dates
-          super
-        end
-
-        private
-        def simplified_type(field_type)
-          return :boolean if OracleAdapter.emulate_booleans && field_type == 'NUMBER(1)'
-          case field_type
-            when /date|time/i then :datetime
-            else super
-          end
-        end
-
-        def guess_date_or_time(value)
-          (value.hour == 0 and value.min == 0 and value.sec == 0) ?
-            Date.new(value.year, value.month, value.day) : value
-        end
-      end
-
-
-      # This is an Oracle/OCI adapter for the ActiveRecord persistence
-      # framework. It relies upon the OCI8 driver, which works with Oracle 8i
-      # and above. Most recent development has been on Debian Linux against
-      # a 10g database, ActiveRecord 1.12.1 and OCI8 0.1.13.
-      # See: http://rubyforge.org/projects/ruby-oci8/
-      #
-      # Usage notes:
-      # * Key generation assumes a "${table_name}_seq" sequence is available
-      #   for all tables; the sequence name can be changed using
-      #   ActiveRecord::Base.set_sequence_name. When using Migrations, these
-      #   sequences are created automatically.
-      # * Oracle uses DATE or TIMESTAMP datatypes for both dates and times.
-      #   Consequently some hacks are employed to map data back to Date or Time
-      #   in Ruby. If the column_name ends in _time it's created as a Ruby Time.
-      #   Else if the hours/minutes/seconds are 0, I make it a Ruby Date. Else
-      #   it's a Ruby Time. This is a bit nasty - but if you use Duck Typing
-      #   you'll probably not care very much. In 9i and up it's tempting to
-      #   map DATE to Date and TIMESTAMP to Time, but too many databases use
-      #   DATE for both. Timezones and sub-second precision on timestamps are
-      #   not supported.
-      # * Default values that are functions (such as "SYSDATE") are not
-      #   supported. This is a restriction of the way ActiveRecord supports
-      #   default values.
-      # * Support for Oracle8 is limited by Rails' use of ANSI join syntax, which
-      #   is supported in Oracle9i and later. You will need to use #finder_sql for
-      #   has_and_belongs_to_many associations to run against Oracle8.
-      #
-      # Required parameters:
-      #
-      # * <tt>:username</tt>
-      # * <tt>:password</tt>
-      # * <tt>:database</tt>
-      class OracleAdapter < AbstractAdapter
-
-        @@emulate_booleans = true
-        cattr_accessor :emulate_booleans
-
-        @@emulate_dates = false
-        cattr_accessor :emulate_dates
-
-        def adapter_name #:nodoc:
-          'Oracle'
-        end
-
-        def supports_migrations? #:nodoc:
-          true
-        end
-
-        def native_database_types #:nodoc:
-          {
-            :primary_key => "NUMBER(38) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY",
-            :string      => { :name => "VARCHAR2", :limit => 255 },
-            :text        => { :name => "CLOB" },
-            :integer     => { :name => "NUMBER", :limit => 38 },
-            :float       => { :name => "NUMBER" },
-            :decimal     => { :name => "DECIMAL" },
-            :datetime    => { :name => "DATE" },
-            :timestamp   => { :name => "DATE" },
-            :time        => { :name => "DATE" },
-            :date        => { :name => "DATE" },
-            :binary      => { :name => "BLOB" },
-            :boolean     => { :name => "NUMBER", :limit => 1 }
-          }
-        end
-
-        def table_alias_length
-          30
-        end
-
-        # QUOTING ==================================================
-        #
-        # see: abstract/quoting.rb
-
-        # camelCase column names need to be quoted; not that anyone using Oracle
-        # would really do this, but handling this case means we pass the test...
-        def quote_column_name(name) #:nodoc:
-          name =~ /[A-Z]/ ? "\"#{name}\"" : name
-        end
-
-        def quote_string(s) #:nodoc:
-          s.gsub(/'/, "''")
-        end
-
-        def quote(value, column = nil) #:nodoc:
-          if column && [:text, :binary].include?(column.type)
-            %Q{empty_#{ column.sql_type.downcase rescue 'blob' }()}
-          else
-            super
-          end
-        end
-
-        def quoted_true
-          "1"
-        end
-
-        def quoted_false
-          "0"
-        end
-
-
-        # CONNECTION MANAGEMENT ====================================
-        #
-
-        # Returns true if the connection is active.
-        def active?
-          # Pings the connection to check if it's still good. Note that an
-          # #active? method is also available, but that simply returns the
-          # last known state, which isn't good enough if the connection has
-          # gone stale since the last use.
-          @connection.ping
-        rescue OCIException
-          false
-        end
-
-        # Reconnects to the database.
-        def reconnect!
-          @connection.reset!
-        rescue OCIException => e
-          @logger.warn "#{adapter_name} automatic reconnection failed: #{e.message}"
-        end
-
-        # Disconnects from the database.
-        def disconnect!
-          @connection.logoff rescue nil
-          @connection.active = false
-        end
-
-
-        # DATABASE STATEMENTS ======================================
-        #
-        # see: abstract/database_statements.rb
-
-        def execute(sql, name = nil) #:nodoc:
-          log(sql, name) { @connection.exec sql }
-        end
-
-        # Returns the next sequence value from a sequence generator. Not generally
-        # called directly; used by ActiveRecord to get the next primary key value
-        # when inserting a new database record (see #prefetch_primary_key?).
-        def next_sequence_value(sequence_name)
-          id = 0
-          @connection.exec("select #{sequence_name}.nextval id from dual") { |r| id = r[0].to_i }
-          id
-        end
-
-        def insert(sql, name = nil, pk = nil, id_value = nil, sequence_name = nil) #:nodoc:
-          execute(sql, name)
-          id_value
-        end
-
-        def begin_db_transaction #:nodoc:
-          @connection.autocommit = false
-        end
-
-        def commit_db_transaction #:nodoc:
-          @connection.commit
-        ensure
-          @connection.autocommit = true
-        end
-
-        def rollback_db_transaction #:nodoc:
-          @connection.rollback
-        ensure
-          @connection.autocommit = true
-        end
-
-        def add_limit_offset!(sql, options) #:nodoc:
-          offset = options[:offset] || 0
-
-          if limit = options[:limit]
-            sql.replace "select * from (select raw_sql_.*, rownum raw_rnum_ from (#{sql}) raw_sql_ where rownum <= #{offset+limit}) where raw_rnum_ > #{offset}"
-          elsif offset > 0
-            sql.replace "select * from (select raw_sql_.*, rownum raw_rnum_ from (#{sql}) raw_sql_) where raw_rnum_ > #{offset}"
-          end
-        end
-
-        # Returns true for Oracle adapter (since Oracle requires primary key
-        # values to be pre-fetched before insert). See also #next_sequence_value.
-        def prefetch_primary_key?(table_name = nil)
-          true
-        end
-
-        def default_sequence_name(table, column) #:nodoc:
-          "#{table}_seq"
-        end
-
-
-        # SCHEMA STATEMENTS ========================================
-        #
-        # see: abstract/schema_statements.rb
-
-        def current_database #:nodoc:
-          select_one("select sys_context('userenv','db_name') db from dual")["db"]
-        end
-
-        def tables(name = nil) #:nodoc:
-          select_all("select lower(table_name) from user_tables").inject([]) do | tabs, t |
-            tabs << t.to_a.first.last
-          end
-        end
-
-        def indexes(table_name, name = nil) #:nodoc:
-          result = select_all(<<-SQL, name)
-            SELECT lower(i.index_name) as index_name, i.uniqueness, lower(c.column_name) as column_name
-              FROM user_indexes i, user_ind_columns c
-             WHERE i.table_name = '#{table_name.to_s.upcase}'
-               AND c.index_name = i.index_name
-               AND i.index_name NOT IN (SELECT uc.index_name FROM user_constraints uc WHERE uc.constraint_type = 'P')
-              ORDER BY i.index_name, c.column_position
-          SQL
-
-          current_index = nil
-          indexes = []
-
-          result.each do |row|
-            if current_index != row['index_name']
-              indexes << IndexDefinition.new(table_name, row['index_name'], row['uniqueness'] == "UNIQUE", [])
-              current_index = row['index_name']
-            end
-
-            indexes.last.columns << row['column_name']
-          end
-
-          indexes
-        end
-
-        def columns(table_name, name = nil) #:nodoc:
-          (owner, table_name) = @connection.describe(table_name)
-
-          table_cols = <<-SQL
-            select column_name as name, data_type as sql_type, data_default, nullable,
-                   decode(data_type, 'NUMBER', data_precision,
-                                     'FLOAT', data_precision,
-                                     'VARCHAR2', data_length,
-                                     'CHAR', data_length,
-                                      null) as limit,
-                   decode(data_type, 'NUMBER', data_scale, null) as scale
-              from all_tab_columns
-             where owner      = '#{owner}'
-               and table_name = '#{table_name}'
-             order by column_id
-          SQL
-
-          select_all(table_cols, name).map do |row|
-            limit, scale = row['limit'], row['scale']
-            if limit || scale
-              row['sql_type'] << "(#{(limit || 38).to_i}" + ((scale = scale.to_i) > 0 ? ",#{scale})" : ")")
-            end
-
-            # clean up odd default spacing from Oracle
-            if row['data_default']
-              row['data_default'].sub!(/^(.*?)\s*$/, '\1')
-              row['data_default'].sub!(/^'(.*)'$/, '\1')
-              row['data_default'] = nil if row['data_default'] =~ /^null$/i
-            end
-
-            OracleColumn.new(oracle_downcase(row['name']),
-                             row['data_default'],
-                             row['sql_type'],
-                             row['nullable'] == 'Y')
-          end
-        end
-
-        def create_table(name, options = {}) #:nodoc:
-          super(name, options)
-          seq_name = options[:sequence_name] || "#{name}_seq"
-          execute "CREATE SEQUENCE #{seq_name} START WITH 10000" unless options[:id] == false
-        end
-
-        def rename_table(name, new_name) #:nodoc:
-          execute "RENAME #{name} TO #{new_name}"
-          execute "RENAME #{name}_seq TO #{new_name}_seq" rescue nil
-        end
-
-        def drop_table(name, options = {}) #:nodoc:
-          super(name)
-          seq_name = options[:sequence_name] || "#{name}_seq"
-          execute "DROP SEQUENCE #{seq_name}" rescue nil
-        end
-
-        def remove_index(table_name, options = {}) #:nodoc:
-          execute "DROP INDEX #{index_name(table_name, options)}"
-        end
-
-        def change_column_default(table_name, column_name, default) #:nodoc:
-          execute "ALTER TABLE #{table_name} MODIFY #{column_name} DEFAULT #{quote(default)}"
-        end
-
-        def change_column(table_name, column_name, type, options = {}) #:nodoc:
-          change_column_sql = "ALTER TABLE #{table_name} MODIFY #{column_name} #{type_to_sql(type, options[:limit], options[:precision], options[:scale])}"
-          add_column_options!(change_column_sql, options)
-          execute(change_column_sql)
-        end
-
-        def rename_column(table_name, column_name, new_column_name) #:nodoc:
-          execute "ALTER TABLE #{table_name} RENAME COLUMN #{column_name} to #{new_column_name}"
-        end
-
-        def remove_column(table_name, column_name) #:nodoc:
-          execute "ALTER TABLE #{table_name} DROP COLUMN #{column_name}"
-        end
-
-        # Find a table's primary key and sequence. 
-        # *Note*: Only primary key is implemented - sequence will be nil.
-        def pk_and_sequence_for(table_name)
-          (owner, table_name) = @connection.describe(table_name)
-
-          pks = select_values(<<-SQL, 'Primary Key')
-            select cc.column_name
-              from all_constraints c, all_cons_columns cc
-             where c.owner = '#{owner}'
-               and c.table_name = '#{table_name}'
-               and c.constraint_type = 'P'
-               and cc.owner = c.owner
-               and cc.constraint_name = c.constraint_name
-          SQL
-
-          # only support single column keys
-          pks.size == 1 ? [oracle_downcase(pks.first), nil] : nil
-        end
-
-        def structure_dump #:nodoc:
-          s = select_all("select sequence_name from user_sequences").inject("") do |structure, seq|
-            structure << "create sequence #{seq.to_a.first.last};\n\n"
-          end
-
-          select_all("select table_name from user_tables").inject(s) do |structure, table|
-            ddl = "create table #{table.to_a.first.last} (\n "
-            cols = select_all(%Q{
-              select column_name, data_type, data_length, data_precision, data_scale, data_default, nullable
-              from user_tab_columns
-              where table_name = '#{table.to_a.first.last}'
-              order by column_id
-            }).map do |row|
-              col = "#{row['column_name'].downcase} #{row['data_type'].downcase}"
-              if row['data_type'] =='NUMBER' and !row['data_precision'].nil?
-                col << "(#{row['data_precision'].to_i}"
-                col << ",#{row['data_scale'].to_i}" if !row['data_scale'].nil?
-                col << ')'
-              elsif row['data_type'].include?('CHAR')
-                col << "(#{row['data_length'].to_i})"
-              end
-              col << " default #{row['data_default']}" if !row['data_default'].nil?
-              col << ' not null' if row['nullable'] == 'N'
-              col
-            end
-            ddl << cols.join(",\n ")
-            ddl << ");\n\n"
-            structure << ddl
-          end
-        end
-
-        def structure_drop #:nodoc:
-          s = select_all("select sequence_name from user_sequences").inject("") do |drop, seq|
-            drop << "drop sequence #{seq.to_a.first.last};\n\n"
-          end
-
-          select_all("select table_name from user_tables").inject(s) do |drop, table|
-            drop << "drop table #{table.to_a.first.last} cascade constraints;\n\n"
-          end
-        end
-
-        # SELECT DISTINCT clause for a given set of columns and a given ORDER BY clause.
-        #
-        # Oracle requires the ORDER BY columns to be in the SELECT list for DISTINCT
-        # queries. However, with those columns included in the SELECT DISTINCT list, you
-        # won't actually get a distinct list of the column you want (presuming the column
-        # has duplicates with multiple values for the ordered-by columns. So we use the 
-        # FIRST_VALUE function to get a single (first) value for each column, effectively
-        # making every row the same.
-        #
-        #   distinct("posts.id", "posts.created_at desc")
-        def distinct(columns, order_by)
-          return "DISTINCT #{columns}" if order_by.blank?
-
-          # construct a valid DISTINCT clause, ie. one that includes the ORDER BY columns, using
-          # FIRST_VALUE such that the inclusion of these columns doesn't invalidate the DISTINCT
-          order_columns = order_by.split(',').map { |s| s.strip }.reject(&:blank?)
-          order_columns = order_columns.zip((0...order_columns.size).to_a).map do |c, i|
-            "FIRST_VALUE(#{c.split.first}) OVER (PARTITION BY #{columns} ORDER BY #{c}) AS alias_#{i}__"
-          end
-          sql = "DISTINCT #{columns}, "
-          sql << order_columns * ", "
-        end
-
-        # ORDER BY clause for the passed order option.
-        # 
-        # Uses column aliases as defined by #distinct.
-        def add_order_by_for_association_limiting!(sql, options)
-          return sql if options[:order].blank?
-
-          order = options[:order].split(',').collect { |s| s.strip }.reject(&:blank?)
-          order.map! {|s| $1 if s =~ / (.*)/}
-          order = order.zip((0...order.size).to_a).map { |s,i| "alias_#{i}__ #{s}" }.join(', ')
-
-          sql << "ORDER BY #{order}"
-        end
-
-        private
-
-        def select(sql, name = nil)
-          cursor = execute(sql, name)
-          cols = cursor.get_col_names.map { |x| oracle_downcase(x) }
-          rows = []
-
-          while row = cursor.fetch
-            hash = Hash.new
-
-            cols.each_with_index do |col, i|
-              hash[col] =
-                case row[i]
-                when OCI8::LOB
-                  name == 'Writable Large Object' ? row[i]: row[i].read
-                when OraDate
-                  (row[i].hour == 0 and row[i].minute == 0 and row[i].second == 0) ?
-                  row[i].to_date : row[i].to_time
-                else row[i]
-                end unless col == 'raw_rnum_'
-            end
-
-            rows << hash
-          end
-
-          rows
-        ensure
-          cursor.close if cursor
-        end
-
-        # Oracle column names by default are case-insensitive, but treated as upcase;
-        # for neatness, we'll downcase within Rails. EXCEPT that folks CAN quote
-        # their column names when creating Oracle tables, which makes then case-sensitive.
-        # I don't know anybody who does this, but we'll handle the theoretical case of a
-        # camelCase column name. I imagine other dbs handle this different, since there's a
-        # unit test that's currently failing test_oci.
-        def oracle_downcase(column_name)
-          column_name =~ /[a-z]/ ? column_name : column_name.downcase
-        end
-
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-
-  class OCI8 #:nodoc:
-
-    # This OCI8 patch may not longer be required with the upcoming
-    # release of version 0.2.
-    class Cursor #:nodoc:
-      alias :define_a_column_pre_ar :define_a_column
-      def define_a_column(i)
-        case do_ocicall(@ctx) { @parms[i - 1].attrGet(OCI_ATTR_DATA_TYPE) }
-        when 8    : @stmt.defineByPos(i, String, 65535) # Read LONG values
-        when 187  : @stmt.defineByPos(i, OraDate) # Read TIMESTAMP values
-        when 108
-          if @parms[i - 1].attrGet(OCI_ATTR_TYPE_NAME) == 'XMLTYPE'
-            @stmt.defineByPos(i, String, 65535)
-          else
-            raise 'unsupported datatype'
-          end
-        else define_a_column_pre_ar i
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    # missing constant from oci8 < 0.1.14
-    OCI_PTYPE_UNK = 0 unless defined?(OCI_PTYPE_UNK)
-
-    # Uses the describeAny OCI call to find the target owner and table_name
-    # indicated by +name+, parsing through synonynms as necessary. Returns
-    # an array of [owner, table_name].
-    def describe(name)
-      @desc ||= @@env.alloc(OCIDescribe)
-      @desc.attrSet(OCI_ATTR_DESC_PUBLIC, -1) if VERSION >= '0.1.14'
-      @desc.describeAny(@svc, name.to_s, OCI_PTYPE_UNK) rescue raise %Q{"DESC #{name}" failed; does it exist?}
-      info = @desc.attrGet(OCI_ATTR_PARAM)
-
-      case info.attrGet(OCI_ATTR_PTYPE)
-      when OCI_PTYPE_TABLE, OCI_PTYPE_VIEW
-        owner      = info.attrGet(OCI_ATTR_OBJ_SCHEMA)
-        table_name = info.attrGet(OCI_ATTR_OBJ_NAME)
-        [owner, table_name]
-      when OCI_PTYPE_SYN
-        schema = info.attrGet(OCI_ATTR_SCHEMA_NAME)
-        name   = info.attrGet(OCI_ATTR_NAME)
-        describe(schema + '.' + name)
-      else raise %Q{"DESC #{name}" failed; not a table or view.}
-      end
-    end
-
-  end
-
-
-  # The OracleConnectionFactory factors out the code necessary to connect and
-  # configure an Oracle/OCI connection.
-  class OracleConnectionFactory #:nodoc:
-    def new_connection(username, password, database, async, prefetch_rows, cursor_sharing)
-      conn = OCI8.new username, password, database
-      conn.exec %q{alter session set nls_date_format = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'}
-      conn.exec %q{alter session set nls_timestamp_format = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'} rescue nil
-      conn.autocommit = true
-      conn.non_blocking = true if async
-      conn.prefetch_rows = prefetch_rows
-      conn.exec "alter session set cursor_sharing = #{cursor_sharing}" rescue nil
-      conn
-    end
-  end
-
-
-  # The OCI8AutoRecover class enhances the OCI8 driver with auto-recover and
-  # reset functionality. If a call to #exec fails, and autocommit is turned on
-  # (ie., we're not in the middle of a longer transaction), it will
-  # automatically reconnect and try again. If autocommit is turned off,
-  # this would be dangerous (as the earlier part of the implied transaction
-  # may have failed silently if the connection died) -- so instead the
-  # connection is marked as dead, to be reconnected on it's next use.
-  class OCI8AutoRecover < DelegateClass(OCI8) #:nodoc:
-    attr_accessor :active
-    alias :active? :active
-
-    cattr_accessor :auto_retry
-    class << self
-      alias :auto_retry? :auto_retry
-    end
-    @@auto_retry = false
-
-    def initialize(config, factory = OracleConnectionFactory.new)
-      @active = true
-      @username, @password, @database, = config[:username], config[:password], config[:database]
-      @async = config[:allow_concurrency]
-      @prefetch_rows = config[:prefetch_rows] || 100
-      @cursor_sharing = config[:cursor_sharing] || 'similar'
-      @factory = factory
-      @connection  = @factory.new_connection @username, @password, @database, @async, @prefetch_rows, @cursor_sharing
-      super @connection
-    end
-
-    # Checks connection, returns true if active. Note that ping actively
-    # checks the connection, while #active? simply returns the last
-    # known state.
-    def ping
-      @connection.exec("select 1 from dual") { |r| nil }
-      @active = true
-    rescue
-      @active = false
-      raise
-    end
-
-    # Resets connection, by logging off and creating a new connection.
-    def reset!
-      logoff rescue nil
-      begin
-        @connection = @factory.new_connection @username, @password, @database, @async, @prefetch_rows, @cursor_sharing
-        __setobj__ @connection
-        @active = true
-      rescue
-        @active = false
-        raise
-      end
-    end
-
-    # ORA-00028: your session has been killed
-    # ORA-01012: not logged on
-    # ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
-    # ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE
-    LOST_CONNECTION_ERROR_CODES = [ 28, 1012, 3113, 3114 ]
-
-    # Adds auto-recovery functionality.
-    #
-    # See: http://www.jiubao.org/ruby-oci8/api.en.html#label-11
-    def exec(sql, *bindvars, &block)
-      should_retry = self.class.auto_retry? && autocommit?
-
-      begin
-        @connection.exec(sql, *bindvars, &block)
-      rescue OCIException => e
-        raise unless LOST_CONNECTION_ERROR_CODES.include?(e.code)
-        @active = false
-        raise unless should_retry
-        should_retry = false
-        reset! rescue nil
-        retry
-      end
-    end
-
-  end
-
-rescue LoadError
-  # OCI8 driver is unavailable.
-  module ActiveRecord # :nodoc:
-    class Base
-      @@oracle_error_message = "Oracle/OCI libraries could not be loaded: #{$!.to_s}"
-      def self.oracle_connection(config) # :nodoc:
-        # Set up a reasonable error message
-        raise LoadError, @@oracle_error_message
-      end
-      def self.oci_connection(config) # :nodoc:
-        # Set up a reasonable error message
-        raise LoadError, @@oracle_error_message
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end