LilyPond-Ruby 0.0.2.1 → 0.1.2

data/share/lilypond/2.24.1/python/musicxml.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1905 @@
+# musicxml.py
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# This file is part of LilyPond, the GNU music typesetter.
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2005--2022 Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@xs4all.nl>,
+#               2007--2011 Reinhold Kainhofer <reinhold@kainhofer.com>
+#
+# LilyPond is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# LilyPond is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with LilyPond.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+
+from collections import OrderedDict
+import copy
+from fractions import Fraction
+import re
+import sys
+import warnings
+
+import lilylib as ly
+import musicexp
+import musicxml2ly_conversion
+import utilities
+
+
+class Xml_node(object):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._children = []
+        self._data = None
+        self._original = None
+        self._name = 'xml_node'
+        self._parent = None
+        self._attribute_dict = {}
+
+    def get_parent(self):
+        return self._parent
+
+    def is_first(self):
+        return self._parent.get_typed_children(self.__class__)[0] == self
+
+    def original(self):
+        return self._original
+
+    def get_name(self):
+        return self._name
+
+    def get_text(self):
+        if self._data:
+            return self._data
+
+        if not self._children:
+            return ''
+
+        return ''.join([c.get_text() for c in self._children])
+
+    def message(self, msg):
+        ly.warning(msg)
+
+        p = self
+        while p:
+            ly.progress('  In: <%s %s>\n' % (p._name, ' '.join(
+                ['%s=%s' % item for item in list(p._attribute_dict.items())])))
+            p = p.get_parent()
+
+    def dump(self, indent=''):
+        ly.debug_output('%s<%s%s>' % (indent, self._name, ''.join(
+            [' %s=%s' % item for item in list(self._attribute_dict.items())])))
+        non_text_children = [
+            c for c in self._children if not isinstance(c, Hash_text)]
+        if non_text_children:
+            ly.debug_output('\n')
+        for c in self._children:
+            c.dump(indent + "    ")
+        if non_text_children:
+            ly.debug_output(indent)
+        ly.debug_output('</%s>\n' % self._name)
+
+    def get_typed_children(self, klass):
+        if not klass:
+            return []
+        else:
+            return [c for c in self._children if isinstance(c, klass)]
+
+    def get_named_children(self, nm):
+        return self.get_typed_children(get_class(nm))
+
+    def get_named_child(self, nm):
+        return self.get_maybe_exist_named_child(nm)
+
+    def get_children(self, predicate):
+        return [c for c in self._children if predicate(c)]
+
+    def get_all_children(self):
+        return self._children
+
+    def get_maybe_exist_named_child(self, name):
+        return self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(get_class(name))
+
+    def get_maybe_exist_typed_child(self, klass):
+        cn = self.get_typed_children(klass)
+        if len(cn) == 0:
+            return None
+        else:
+            if len(cn) > 1:
+                warnings.warn(_('more than one child of class %s, all but'
+                                ' the first will be ignored') % klass.__name__)
+            return cn[0]
+
+    def get_unique_typed_child(self, klass):
+        cn = self.get_typed_children(klass)
+        if len(cn) != 1:
+            ly.error(self.__dict__)
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                'Child is not unique for %s found %d' % (klass, cn))
+
+        return cn[0]
+
+    def get_named_child_value_number(self, name, default):
+        n = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child(name)
+        if n:
+            return int(n.get_text())
+        else:
+            return default
+
+
+class Music_xml_node(Xml_node):
+    def __init__(self):
+        Xml_node.__init__(self)
+        self.duration = Fraction(0)
+        self.start = Fraction(0)
+        self.converted = False
+        self.voice_id = None
+
+
+class Music_xml_spanner(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def get_type(self):
+        if hasattr(self, 'type'):
+            return self.type
+        else:
+            return 0
+
+    def get_size(self):
+        if hasattr(self, 'size'):
+            return int(self.size)
+        else:
+            return 0
+
+
+class Measure_element(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def get_voice_id(self):
+        voice = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('voice')
+        if voice:
+            return voice.get_text()
+        else:
+            return self.voice_id
+
+    def is_first(self):
+        # Look at all measure elements(previously we had self.__class__, which
+        # only looked at objects of the same type!
+        cn = self._parent.get_typed_children(Measure_element)
+        # But only look at the correct voice; But include Attributes, too, which
+        # are not tied to any particular voice
+        cn = [c for c in cn if(
+            c.get_voice_id() == self.get_voice_id()) or isinstance(c, Attributes)]
+        return cn[0] == self
+
+
+class Work(Xml_node):
+
+    def get_work_information(self, tag):
+        wt = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child(tag)
+        if wt:
+            return wt.get_text()
+        else:
+            return ''
+
+    def get_work_title(self):
+        return self.get_work_information('work-title')
+
+    def get_work_number(self):
+        return self.get_work_information('work-number')
+
+    # def get_opus(self):
+    #     return self.get_work_information('opus')
+
+
+class Identification(Xml_node):
+
+    def get_rights(self):
+        rights = self.get_named_children('rights')
+        ret = []
+        for r in rights:
+            text = r.get_text()
+            # if this Xml_node has an attribute, such as 'type="words"',
+            # include it in the header. Otherwise, it is assumed that
+            # the text contents of this node looks something like this:
+            # 'Copyright: X.Y.' and thus already contains the relevant
+            # information.
+            if hasattr(r, 'type'):
+                rights_type = r.type.title()  # capitalize first letter
+                result = ''.join([rights_type, ': ', text])
+                ret.append(result)
+            else:
+                ret.append(text)
+        return "\n".join(ret)
+
+    # get contents of the source-element(usually used for publishing information).(These contents are saved in a custom variable named "source" in the header of the .ly file.)
+    def get_source(self):
+        source = self.get_named_children('source')
+        ret = []
+        for r in source:
+            ret.append(r.get_text())
+        return "\n".join(ret)
+
+    def get_creator(self, type):
+        creators = self.get_named_children('creator')
+        # return the first creator tag that has the particular type
+        for i in creators:
+            if hasattr(i, 'type') and i.type == type:
+                return i.get_text()
+        return None
+
+    def get_composer(self):
+        c = self.get_creator('composer')
+        if c:
+            return c
+        creators = self.get_named_children('creator')
+        # return the first creator tag that has no type at all
+        for i in creators:
+            if not hasattr(i, 'type'):
+                return i.get_text()
+        return None
+
+    def get_arranger(self):
+        return self.get_creator('arranger')
+
+    def get_editor(self):
+        return self.get_creator('editor')
+
+    def get_poet(self):
+        v = self.get_creator('lyricist')
+        if v:
+            return v
+        v = self.get_creator('poet')
+        return v
+
+    def get_encoding_information(self, type):
+        enc = self.get_named_children('encoding')
+        if enc:
+            children = enc[0].get_named_children(type)
+            if children:
+                return children[0].get_text()
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def get_encoding_software(self):
+        return self.get_encoding_information('software')
+
+    def get_encoding_date(self):
+        return self.get_encoding_information('encoding-date')
+
+    def get_encoding_person(self):
+        return self.get_encoding_information('encoder')
+
+    def get_encoding_description(self):
+        return self.get_encoding_information('encoding-description')
+
+    def get_encoding_software_list(self):
+        enc = self.get_named_children('encoding')
+        software = []
+        for e in enc:
+            softwares = e.get_named_children('software')
+            for s in softwares:
+                software.append(s.get_text())
+        return software
+
+    def get_file_description(self):
+        misc = self.get_named_children('miscellaneous')
+        for m in misc:
+            misc_fields = m.get_named_children('miscellaneous-field')
+            for mf in misc_fields:
+                if hasattr(mf, 'name') and mf.name == 'description':
+                    return mf.get_text()
+        return None
+
+
+class Credit(Xml_node):
+
+    def get_type(self):
+        type = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('credit-type')
+        if type is not None:
+            return type.get_text()
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def find_type(self, credits):
+        sizes = self.get_font_sizes(credits)
+        sizes.sort(reverse=True)
+        ys = self.get_default_ys(credits)
+        ys.sort(reverse=True)
+        xs = self.get_default_xs(credits)
+        xs.sort(reverse=True)
+
+        # Words child of the self credit-element
+        words = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('credit-words')
+        size = None
+        x = None
+        y = None
+        halign = None
+        valign = None
+        justify = None
+        if words is not None:
+            if hasattr(words, 'font-size'):
+                size = int(float((getattr(words, 'font-size'))))
+            if hasattr(words, 'default-x'):
+                x = round(float(getattr(words, 'default-x')))
+            if hasattr(words, 'default-y'):
+                y = round(float(getattr(words, 'default-y')))
+            if hasattr(words, 'halign'):
+                halign = getattr(words, 'halign')
+            if hasattr(words, 'valign'):
+                valign = getattr(words, 'valign')
+            if hasattr(words, 'justify'):
+                justify = getattr(words, 'justify')
+        if (size and size == max(sizes) and y and y == max(ys) and
+              (justify or halign) and (justify == 'center' or halign == 'center')):
+            return 'title'
+        elif (y and y > min(ys) and y < max(ys) and (justify or halign) and
+              (justify == 'center' or halign == 'center')):
+            return 'subtitle'
+        elif ((justify or halign) and (justify == 'left' or halign == 'left') and
+              (not x or x == min(xs))):
+            return 'lyricist'
+        elif ((justify or halign) and (justify == 'right' or halign == 'right')
+              and (not x or x == max(xs))):
+            return 'composer'
+        elif size and size == min(sizes) and y == min(ys):
+            return 'rights'
+        # Special cases for Finale NotePad
+        elif valign and valign == 'top' and y and y == ys[1]:
+            return 'subtitle'
+        elif valign and valign == 'top' and x and x == min(xs):
+            return 'lyricist'
+        elif valign and valign == 'top' and y and y == min(ys):
+            return 'rights'
+        # Other special cases
+        elif valign and valign == 'bottom':
+            return 'rights'
+        elif len([i for i, item in enumerate(ys) if item == y]) == 2:
+            # The first one is the composer, the second one is the lyricist
+            return 'composer'
+
+        return None  # no type recognized
+
+    def get_font_sizes(self, credits):
+        sizes = []
+        for cred in credits:
+            words = cred.get_maybe_exist_named_child('credit-words')
+            if((words is not None) and hasattr(words, 'font-size')):
+                sizes.append(getattr(words, 'font-size'))
+        return [int(float(size)) for size in sizes]
+
+    def get_default_xs(self, credits):
+        default_xs = []
+        for cred in credits:
+            words = cred.get_maybe_exist_named_child('credit-words')
+            if((words is not None) and hasattr(words, 'default-x')):
+                default_xs.append(getattr(words, 'default-x'))
+        return list(map(round, list(map(float, default_xs))))
+
+    def get_default_ys(self, credits):
+        default_ys = []
+        for cred in credits:
+            words = cred.get_maybe_exist_named_child('credit-words')
+            if words is not None and hasattr(words, 'default-y'):
+                default_ys.append(getattr(words, 'default-y'))
+        return list(map(round, list(map(float, default_ys))))
+
+    def get_text(self):
+        words = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('credit-words')
+        if words is not None:
+            return words.get_text()
+        else:
+            return ''
+
+
+class Duration(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def get_length(self):
+        dur = int(self.get_text()) * Fraction(1, 4)
+        return dur
+
+
+class Hash_text(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def dump(self, indent=''):
+        ly.debug_output(self._data.strip())
+
+
+class Pitch(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def get_step(self):
+        ch = self.get_unique_typed_child(get_class('step'))
+        step = ch.get_text().strip()
+        return step
+
+    def get_octave(self):
+        ch = self.get_unique_typed_child(get_class('octave'))
+        octave = ch.get_text().strip()
+        return int(octave)
+
+    def get_alteration(self):
+        ch = self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(get_class('alter'))
+        return utilities.interpret_alter_element(ch)
+
+    def to_lily_object(self):
+        p = musicexp.Pitch()
+        p.alteration = self.get_alteration()
+        p.step = musicxml2ly_conversion.musicxml_step_to_lily(self.get_step())
+        p.octave = self.get_octave() - 4
+        return p
+
+
+class Unpitched(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def get_step(self):
+        ch = self.get_unique_typed_child(get_class('display-step'))
+        step = ch.get_text().strip()
+        return step
+
+    def get_octave(self):
+        ch = self.get_unique_typed_child(get_class('display-octave'))
+
+        if ch:
+            octave = ch.get_text().strip()
+            return int(octave)
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def to_lily_object(self):
+        p = None
+        step = self.get_step()
+        if step:
+            p = musicexp.Pitch()
+            p.step = musicxml2ly_conversion.musicxml_step_to_lily(step)
+        octave = self.get_octave()
+        if octave and p:
+            p.octave = octave - 4
+        return p
+
+
+class Measure_element (Music_xml_node):
+    def get_voice_id(self):
+        voice = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('voice')
+        if voice:
+            return voice.get_text()
+        else:
+            return self.voice_id
+
+
+class Attributes(Measure_element):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        Measure_element.__init__(self)
+        self._dict = {}
+        self._original_tag = None
+        self._time_signature_cache = None
+
+    def is_first(self):
+        cn = self._parent.get_typed_children(self.__class__)
+        if self._original_tag:
+            return cn[0] == self._original_tag
+        else:
+            return cn[0] == self
+
+    def set_attributes_from_previous(self, dict):
+        self._dict.update(dict)
+
+    def read_self(self):
+        for c in self.get_all_children():
+            self._dict[c.get_name()] = c
+
+    def get_named_attribute(self, name):
+        return self._dict.get(name)
+
+    def single_time_sig_to_fraction(self, sig):
+        if len(sig) < 2:
+            return 0
+        n = 0
+        for i in sig[0:-1]:
+            n += i
+        return Fraction(n, sig[-1])
+
+    def get_measure_length(self):
+        sig = self.get_time_signature()
+        if not sig or len(sig) == 0:
+            return 1
+        if isinstance(sig[0], list):
+            # Complex compound time signature
+            l = 0
+            for i in sig:
+                l += self.single_time_sig_to_fraction(i)
+            return l
+        else:
+           # Simple(maybe compound) time signature of the form(beat, ..., type)
+            return self.single_time_sig_to_fraction(sig)
+        return 0
+
+    def get_time_signature(self):
+        "Return time sig as a(beat, beat-type) tuple. For compound signatures,"
+        "return either(beat, beat,..., beat-type) or((beat,..., type), "
+        "(beat,..., type), ...)."
+        if self._time_signature_cache:
+            return self._time_signature_cache
+
+        try:
+            mxl = self.get_named_attribute('time')
+            if not mxl:
+                return None
+
+            if mxl.get_maybe_exist_named_child('senza-misura'):
+                # TODO: Handle pieces without a time signature!
+                ly.warning(
+                    _("Senza-misura time signatures are not yet supported!"))
+                return(4, 4)
+            else:
+                signature = []
+                current_sig = []
+                for i in mxl.get_all_children():
+                    if isinstance(i, Beats):
+                        beats = i.get_text().strip().split("+")
+                        current_sig = [int(j) for j in beats]
+                    elif isinstance(i, BeatType):
+                        current_sig.append(int(i.get_text()))
+                        signature.append(current_sig)
+                        current_sig = []
+                if isinstance(signature[0], list) and len(signature) == 1:
+                    signature = signature[0]
+                self._time_signature_cache = signature
+                return signature
+        except(KeyError, ValueError):
+            self.message(
+                _("Unable to interpret time signature! Falling back to 4/4."))
+            return(4, 4)
+
+    # returns clef information in the form("cleftype", position, octave-shift)
+    def get_clef_information(self):
+        clefinfo = ['G', 2, 0]
+        mxl = self.get_named_attribute('clef')
+        if not mxl:
+            return clefinfo
+        sign = mxl.get_maybe_exist_named_child('sign')
+        if sign:
+            clefinfo[0] = sign.get_text()
+        line = mxl.get_maybe_exist_named_child('line')
+        if line:
+            clefinfo[1] = int(line.get_text())
+        octave = mxl.get_maybe_exist_named_child('clef-octave-change')
+        if octave:
+            clefinfo[2] = int(octave.get_text())
+        return clefinfo
+
+    def get_key_signature(self):
+        "return(fifths, mode) tuple if the key signatures is given as "
+        "major/minor in the Circle of fifths. Otherwise return an alterations"
+        "list of the form [[step,alter<,octave>], [step,alter<,octave>], ...], "
+        "where the octave values are optional."
+
+        key = self.get_named_attribute('key')
+        if not key:
+            return None
+        fifths_elm = key.get_maybe_exist_named_child('fifths')
+        if fifths_elm:
+            mode_node = key.get_maybe_exist_named_child('mode')
+            mode = None
+            if mode_node:
+                mode = mode_node.get_text()
+            if not mode or mode == '':
+                mode = 'major'
+            fifths = int(fifths_elm.get_text())
+            # TODO: Shall we try to convert the key-octave and the cancel, too?
+            return(fifths, mode)
+        else:
+            alterations = []
+            current_step = 0
+            for i in key.get_all_children():
+                if isinstance(i, KeyStep):
+                    current_step = i.get_text().strip()
+                elif isinstance(i, KeyAlter):
+                    alterations.append(
+                        [current_step, utilities.interpret_alter_element(i)])
+                elif isinstance(i, KeyOctave):
+                    nr = -1
+                    if hasattr(i, 'number'):
+                        nr = int(i.number)
+                    if(nr > 0) and (nr <= len(alterations)):
+                        # MusicXML Octave 4 is middle C -> shift to 0
+                        alterations[nr - 1].append(int(i.get_text()) - 4)
+                    else:
+                        i.message(_("Key alteration octave given for a "
+                                    "non-existing alteration nr. %s, available numbers: %s!") % (nr, len(alterations)))
+            return alterations
+
+    def get_transposition(self):
+        return self.get_named_attribute('transpose')
+
+
+class Barline(Measure_element):
+
+    def to_lily_object(self):
+        # retval contains all possible markers in the order:
+        # 0..bw_ending, 1..bw_repeat, 2..barline, 3..fw_repeat, 4..fw_ending
+        retval = {}
+        bartype_element = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child("bar-style")
+        repeat_element = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child("repeat")
+        ending_element = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child("ending")
+
+        bartype = None
+        if bartype_element:
+            bartype = bartype_element.get_text()
+
+        if repeat_element and hasattr(repeat_element, 'direction'):
+            repeat = musicxml2ly_conversion.RepeatMarker()
+            repeat.direction = {"forward": -1, "backward": 1}.get(
+                repeat_element.direction, 0)
+
+            if((repeat_element.direction == "forward" and bartype == "heavy-light") or
+                    (repeat_element.direction == "backward" and bartype == "light-heavy")):
+                bartype = None
+            if hasattr(repeat_element, 'times'):
+                try:
+                    repeat.times = int(repeat_element.times)
+                except ValueError:
+                    repeat.times = 2
+            repeat.event = self
+            if repeat.direction == -1:
+                retval[3] = repeat
+            else:
+                retval[1] = repeat
+
+        if ending_element and hasattr(ending_element, 'type'):
+            ending = musicxml2ly_conversion.EndingMarker()
+            ending.direction = {"start": -1, "stop": 1, "discontinue": 1}.get(
+                ending_element.type, 0)
+            ending.event = self
+            if ending.direction == -1:
+                retval[4] = ending
+            else:
+                retval[0] = ending
+            # TODO. ending number=""
+
+        if bartype:
+            b = musicexp.BarLine()
+            b.type = bartype
+            retval[2] = b
+
+        return list(retval.values())
+
+
+class Partial(Measure_element):
+    def __init__(self, partial):
+        Measure_element.__init__(self)
+        self.partial = partial
+
+
+class Stem(Music_xml_node):
+
+    stem_value_dict = {
+        'down': 'stemDown',
+        'up': 'stemUp',
+        'double': None,  # TODO: Implement
+        'none': 'stemNeutral'
+    }
+
+    def to_stem_event(self):
+        values = []
+        value = self.stem_value_dict.get(self.get_text(), None)
+        stem_value = musicexp.StemEvent()
+        if value:
+            stem_value.value = value
+            values.append(stem_value)
+        return values
+
+    def to_stem_style_event(self):
+        styles = []
+        style_elm = musicexp.StemstyleEvent()
+        if hasattr(self, 'color'):
+            style_elm.color = utilities.hex_to_color(getattr(self, 'color'))
+        if style_elm.color is not None:
+            styles.append(style_elm)
+        return styles
+
+
+class Notehead(Music_xml_node):
+
+    notehead_styles_dict = {
+        'slash': '\'slash',
+        'triangle': '\'triangle',
+        'diamond': '\'diamond',
+        'square': '\'la',  # TODO: Proper squared note head
+        'cross': None,  # TODO: + shaped note head
+        'x': '\'cross',
+        'circle-x': '\'xcircle',
+        'inverted triangle': None,  # TODO: Implement
+        'arrow down': None,  # TODO: Implement
+        'arrow up': None,  # TODO: Implement
+        'slashed': None,  # TODO: Implement
+        'back slashed': None,  # TODO: Implement
+        'normal': None,
+        'cluster': None,  # TODO: Implement
+        'none': '#f',
+        'do': '\'do',
+        're': '\'re',
+        'mi': '\'mi',
+        'fa': '\'fa',
+        'so': None,
+        'la': '\'la',
+        'ti': '\'ti',
+    }
+
+    def to_lily_object(self):  # function changed: additionally processcolor attribute
+        styles = []
+
+        # Notehead style
+        key = self.get_text().strip()
+        style = self.notehead_styles_dict.get(key, None)
+        event = musicexp.NotestyleEvent()
+        if style:
+            event.style = style
+        if hasattr(self, 'filled'):
+            event.filled = (getattr(self, 'filled') == "yes")
+        if hasattr(self, 'color'):
+            event.color = utilities.hex_to_color(getattr(self, 'color'))
+        if event.style or (event.filled is not None) or (event.color is not None):
+            styles.append(event)
+        # parentheses
+        if hasattr(self, 'parentheses') and (self.parentheses == "yes"):
+            styles.append(musicexp.ParenthesizeEvent())
+
+        return styles
+
+
+class Note(Measure_element):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        Measure_element.__init__(self)
+        self.instrument_name = ''
+        self._after_grace = False
+        self._duration = 1
+
+    def is_grace(self):
+        return self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('grace')
+
+    def is_after_grace(self):
+        if not self.is_grace():
+            return False
+        gr = self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Grace)
+        return self._after_grace or hasattr(gr, 'steal-time-previous')
+
+    def get_duration_log(self):
+        ch = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('type')
+
+        if ch:
+            log = ch.get_text().strip()
+            return utilities.musicxml_duration_to_log(log)
+        elif self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('grace'):
+            # FIXME: is it ok to default to eight note for grace notes?
+            return 3
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def get_duration_info(self):
+        log = self.get_duration_log()
+        if log is not None:
+            dots = len(self.get_typed_children(Dot))
+            return(log, dots)
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def get_factor(self):
+        return 1
+
+    def get_pitches(self):
+        return self.get_typed_children(get_class('pitch'))
+
+    def set_notehead_style(self, event):
+        noteheads = self.get_named_children('notehead')
+        for nh in noteheads:
+            styles = nh.to_lily_object()
+            for style in styles:
+                event.add_associated_event(style)
+
+    def set_stem_directions(self, event):
+        stems = self.get_named_children('stem')
+        for stem in stems:
+            values = stem.to_stem_event()
+            for v in values:
+                event.add_associated_event(v)
+
+    def set_stem_style(self, event):
+        stems = self.get_named_children('stem')
+        for stem in stems:
+            styles = stem.to_stem_style_event()
+            for style in styles:
+                event.add_associated_event(style)
+
+    def initialize_duration(self):
+        from musicxml2ly_conversion import rational_to_lily_duration
+        from musicexp import Duration
+        # if the note has no Type child, then that method returns None. In that case,
+        # use the <duration> tag instead. If that doesn't exist, either -> Error
+        dur = self.get_duration_info()
+        if dur:
+            d = Duration()
+            d.duration_log = dur[0]
+            d.dots = dur[1]
+            # Grace notes by specification have duration 0, so no time modification
+            # factor is possible. It even messes up the output with *0/1
+            if not self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Grace):
+                d.factor = self._duration / d.get_length()
+            return d
+        else:
+            if self._duration > 0:
+                return rational_to_lily_duration(self._duration)
+            else:
+                self.message(
+                    _("Encountered note at %s without type and duration(=%s)")
+                    % (mxl_note.start, mxl_note._duration))
+                return None
+
+    def initialize_pitched_event(self):
+        mxl_pitch = self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Pitch)
+        pitch = mxl_pitch.to_lily_object()
+        event = musicexp.NoteEvent()
+        event.pitch = pitch
+        acc = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('accidental')
+        if acc:
+            # let's not force accs everywhere.
+            event.cautionary = acc.cautionary
+            # TODO: Handle editorial accidentals
+            # TODO: Handle the level-display setting for displaying brackets/parentheses
+        return event
+
+    def initialize_unpitched_event(self):
+        # Unpitched elements have display-step and can also have
+        # display-octave.
+        unpitched = self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Unpitched)
+        event = musicexp.NoteEvent()
+        event.pitch = unpitched.to_lily_object()
+        return event
+
+    def initialize_rest_event(self, convert_rest_positions=True):
+        # rests can have display-octave and display-step, which are
+        # treated like an ordinary note pitch
+        rest = self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Rest)
+        event = musicexp.RestEvent()
+        if convert_rest_positions:
+            pitch = rest.to_lily_object()
+            event.pitch = pitch
+        return event
+
+    def to_lily_object(self,
+                       convert_stem_directions=True,
+                       convert_rest_positions=True):
+        pitch = None
+        duration = None
+        event = None
+
+        if self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Pitch):
+            event = self.initialize_pitched_event()
+        elif self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Unpitched):
+            event = self.initialize_unpitched_event()
+        elif self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Rest):
+            event = self.initialize_rest_event(convert_rest_positions)
+        else:
+            self.message(_("cannot find suitable event"))
+
+        if event:
+            event.duration = self.initialize_duration()
+
+        self.set_notehead_style(event)
+        self.set_stem_style(event)
+        if convert_stem_directions:
+            self.set_stem_directions(event)
+
+        return event
+
+
+class Part_list(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        Music_xml_node.__init__(self)
+        self._id_instrument_name_dict = {}
+
+    def generate_id_instrument_dict(self):
+
+        # not empty to make sure this happens only once.
+        mapping = {1: 1}
+        for score_part in self.get_named_children('score-part'):
+            for instr in score_part.get_named_children('score-instrument'):
+                id = instr.id
+                name = instr.get_named_child("instrument-name")
+                mapping[id] = name.get_text()
+
+        self._id_instrument_name_dict = mapping
+
+    def get_instrument(self, id):
+        if not self._id_instrument_name_dict:
+            self.generate_id_instrument_dict()
+
+        instrument_name = self._id_instrument_name_dict.get(id)
+        if instrument_name:
+            return instrument_name
+        else:
+            ly.warning(_("Unable to find instrument for ID=%s\n") % id)
+            return "Grand Piano"
+
+
+class Measure(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        Music_xml_node.__init__(self)
+        self.partial = 0
+
+    def is_implicit(self):
+        return hasattr(self, 'implicit') and self.implicit == 'yes'
+
+    def get_notes(self):
+        return self.get_typed_children(get_class('note'))
+
+
+class Syllabic(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def continued(self):
+        text = self.get_text()
+        return text == "begin" or text == "middle"
+
+    def begin(self):
+        return text == "begin"
+
+    def middle(self):
+        return text == "middle"
+
+    def end(self):
+        return text == "end"
+
+
+class Lyric(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def get_number(self):
+        """
+        Return the number attribute(if it exists) of the lyric element.
+
+        @rtype: number
+        @return: The value of the number attribute
+        """
+        if hasattr(self, 'number'):
+            return int(self.number)
+        else:
+            return -1
+
+
+class Sound(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def get_tempo(self):
+        """
+        Return the tempo attribute(if it exists) of the sound element.
+        This attribute can be used by musicxml2ly for the midi output(see L{musicexp.Score}).
+
+        @rtype: string
+        @return: The value of the tempo attribute
+        """
+        if hasattr(self, 'tempo'):
+            return self.tempo
+        else:
+            return None
+
+
+class Notations(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def get_tie(self):
+        ts = self.get_named_children('tied')
+        starts = [t for t in ts if t.type == 'start']
+        if starts:
+            return starts[0]
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def get_tuplets(self):
+        return self.get_typed_children(Tuplet)
+
+
+class Time_modification(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def get_fraction(self):
+        b = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('actual-notes')
+        a = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('normal-notes')
+        return(int(a.get_text()), int(b.get_text()))
+
+    def get_normal_type(self):
+        tuplet_type = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('normal-type')
+        if tuplet_type:
+            dots = self.get_named_children('normal-dot')
+            log = utilities.musicxml_duration_to_log(
+                tuplet_type.get_text().strip())
+            return(log, len(dots))
+        else:
+            return None
+
+
+class Accidental(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        Music_xml_node.__init__(self)
+        self.editorial = False
+        self.cautionary = False
+
+
+class Tuplet(Music_xml_spanner):
+
+    def duration_info_from_tuplet_note(self, tuplet_note):
+        tuplet_type = tuplet_note.get_maybe_exist_named_child('tuplet-type')
+        if tuplet_type:
+            dots = tuplet_note.get_named_children('tuplet-dot')
+            log = utilities.musicxml_duration_to_log(
+                tuplet_type.get_text().strip())
+            return(log, len(dots))
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    # Return tuplet note type as(log, dots)
+    def get_normal_type(self):
+        tuplet = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('tuplet-normal')
+        if tuplet:
+            return self.duration_info_from_tuplet_note(tuplet)
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def get_actual_type(self):
+        tuplet = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('tuplet-actual')
+        if tuplet:
+            return self.duration_info_from_tuplet_note(tuplet)
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def get_tuplet_note_count(self, tuplet_note):
+        if tuplet_note:
+            tuplet_nr = tuplet_note.get_maybe_exist_named_child(
+                'tuplet-number')
+            if tuplet_nr:
+                return int(tuplet_nr.get_text())
+        return None
+
+    def get_normal_nr(self):
+        return self.get_tuplet_note_count(self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('tuplet-normal'))
+
+    def get_actual_nr(self):
+        return self.get_tuplet_note_count(self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('tuplet-actual'))
+
+
+class Slur(Music_xml_spanner):
+
+    def get_type(self):
+        return self.type
+
+
+class Tied(Music_xml_spanner):
+
+    def get_type(self):
+        return self.type
+
+
+class Beam(Music_xml_spanner):
+    def get_type(self):
+        return self.get_text()
+
+    def is_primary(self):
+        if hasattr(self, 'number'):
+            return self.number == "1"
+        else:
+            return True
+
+
+class Octave_shift(Music_xml_spanner):
+    # default is 8 for the octave-shift!
+    def get_size(self):
+        if hasattr(self, 'size'):
+            return int(self.size)
+        else:
+            return 8
+
+
+# Rests in MusicXML are <note> blocks with a <rest> inside. This class is only
+# for the inner <rest> element, not the whole rest block.
+class Rest(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        Music_xml_node.__init__(self)
+        self._is_whole_measure = False
+
+    def is_whole_measure(self):
+        return self._is_whole_measure
+
+    def get_step(self):
+        ch = self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(get_class('display-step'))
+        if ch:
+            return ch.get_text().strip()
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def get_octave(self):
+        ch = self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(get_class('display-octave'))
+        if ch:
+            oct = ch.get_text().strip()
+            return int(oct)
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def to_lily_object(self):
+        p = None
+        step = self.get_step()
+        if step:
+            p = musicexp.Pitch()
+            p.step = musicxml2ly_conversion.musicxml_step_to_lily(step)
+        octave = self.get_octave()
+        if octave and p:
+            p.octave = octave - 4
+        return p
+
+
+class Bend(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def bend_alter(self):
+        alter = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('bend-alter')
+        return utilities.interpret_alter_element(alter)
+
+
+class ChordPitch(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def step_class_name(self):
+        return 'root-step'
+
+    def alter_class_name(self):
+        return 'root-alter'
+
+    def get_step(self):
+        ch = self.get_unique_typed_child(get_class(self.step_class_name()))
+        return ch.get_text().strip()
+
+    def get_alteration(self):
+        ch = self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(
+            get_class(self.alter_class_name()))
+        return utilities.interpret_alter_element(ch)
+
+
+class Bass(ChordPitch):
+
+    def step_class_name(self):
+        return 'bass-step'
+
+    def alter_class_name(self):
+        return 'bass-alter'
+
+
+class ChordModification(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def get_type(self):
+        ch = self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(get_class('degree-type'))
+        return {'add': 1, 'alter': 1, 'subtract': -1}.get(ch.get_text().strip(), 0)
+
+    def get_value(self):
+        ch = self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(get_class('degree-value'))
+        value = 0
+        if ch:
+            value = int(ch.get_text().strip())
+        return value
+
+    def get_alter(self):
+        ch = self.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(get_class('degree-alter'))
+        return utilities.interpret_alter_element(ch)
+
+
+class Frame(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def get_frets(self):
+        return self.get_named_child_value_number('frame-frets', 4)
+
+    def get_strings(self):
+        return self.get_named_child_value_number('frame-strings', 6)
+
+    def get_first_fret(self):
+        return self.get_named_child_value_number('first-fret', 1)
+
+
+class Frame_Note(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def get_string(self):
+        return self.get_named_child_value_number('string', 1)
+
+    def get_fret(self):
+        return self.get_named_child_value_number('fret', 0)
+
+    def get_fingering(self):
+        return self.get_named_child_value_number('fingering', -1)
+
+    def get_barre(self):
+        n = self.get_maybe_exist_named_child('barre')
+        if n:
+            return getattr(n, 'type', '')
+        else:
+            return ''
+
+
+class Musicxml_voice:
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._elements = []
+        self._staves = {}
+        self._start_staff = None
+        self._lyrics = []
+        self._has_lyrics = False
+
+    def add_element(self, e):
+        self._elements.append(e)
+        if(isinstance(e, Note)
+                and e.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Staff)):
+            name = e.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Staff).get_text()
+
+            if not self._start_staff and not e.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Grace):
+                self._start_staff = name
+            self._staves[name] = True
+
+        lyrics = e.get_typed_children(Lyric)
+        if not self._has_lyrics:
+            self.has_lyrics = len(lyrics) > 0
+
+        for l in lyrics:
+            nr = l.get_number()
+            if nr > 0 and nr not in self._lyrics:
+                self._lyrics.append(nr)
+
+    def insert(self, idx, e):
+        self._elements.insert(idx, e)
+
+    def get_lyrics_numbers(self):
+        if(len(self._lyrics) == 0) and self._has_lyrics:
+            # only happens if none of the <lyric> tags has a number attribute
+            return [1]
+        else:
+            return self._lyrics
+
+
+class Part(Music_xml_node):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        Music_xml_node.__init__(self)
+        self._voices = {}
+        self._staff_attributes_dict = {}
+
+    def get_part_list(self):
+        n = self
+        while n and n.get_name() != 'score-partwise':
+            n = n._parent
+
+        return n.get_named_child('part-list')
+
+    def graces_to_aftergraces(self, pending_graces):
+        for gr in pending_graces:
+            gr._when = gr._prev_when
+            gr._measure_position = gr._prev_measure_position
+            gr._after_grace = True
+
+    def interpret(self):
+        """Set durations and starting points."""
+        """The starting point of the very first note is 0!"""
+
+        part_list = self.get_part_list()
+
+        now = Fraction(0)
+        factor = Fraction(1)
+        attributes_dict = {}
+        attributes_object = None
+        measures = self.get_typed_children(Measure)
+        last_moment = Fraction(-1)
+        last_measure_position = Fraction(-1)
+        measure_position = Fraction(0)
+        measure_start_moment = now
+        is_first_measure = True
+        previous_measure = None
+        # Graces at the end of a measure need to have their position set to the
+        # previous number!
+        pending_graces = []
+        for m in measures:
+            # implicit measures are used for artificial measures, e.g. when
+            # a repeat bar line splits a bar into two halves. In this case,
+            # don't reset the measure position to 0. They are also used for
+            # upbeats(initial value of 0 fits these, too).
+            # Also, don't reset the measure position at the end of the loop,
+            # but rather when starting the next measure(since only then do we
+            # know if the next measure is implicit and continues that measure)
+            if not m.is_implicit():
+                # Warn about possibly overfull measures and reset the position
+                if attributes_object and previous_measure and previous_measure.partial == 0:
+                    length = attributes_object.get_measure_length()
+                    new_now = measure_start_moment + length
+                    if now != new_now:
+                        problem = 'incomplete'
+                        if now > new_now:
+                            problem = 'overfull'
+                        # only for verbose operation.
+                        if problem != 'incomplete' and previous_measure:
+                            previous_measure.message(
+                                '%s measure? Expected: %s, Difference: %s' % (problem, now, new_now - now))
+                    now = new_now
+                measure_start_moment = now
+                measure_position = Fraction(0)
+
+            voice_id = None
+            assign_to_next_voice = []
+            for n in m.get_all_children():
+                # assign a voice to all measure elements
+                if n.get_name() == 'backup':
+                    voice_id = None
+
+                if isinstance(n, Measure_element):
+                    if n.get_voice_id():
+                        voice_id = n.get_voice_id()
+                        for i in assign_to_next_voice:
+                            i.voice_id = voice_id
+                        assign_to_next_voice = []
+                    else:
+                        if voice_id:
+                            n.voice_id = voice_id
+                        else:
+                            assign_to_next_voice.append(n)
+
+                # figured bass has a duration, but applies to the next note
+                # and should not change the current measure position!
+                if isinstance(n, FiguredBass):
+                    n._divisions = factor.denominator
+                    n._when = now
+                    n._measure_position = measure_position
+                    continue
+
+                if isinstance(n, Hash_text):
+                    continue
+                dur = Fraction(0)
+
+                if n.__class__ == Attributes:
+                    n.set_attributes_from_previous(attributes_dict)
+                    n.read_self()
+                    attributes_dict = n._dict.copy()
+                    attributes_object = n
+
+                    # default to <divisions>1</divisions>
+                    divisions = (int(attributes_dict['divisions'].get_text())
+                        if 'divisions' in attributes_dict else 1)
+
+                    factor = Fraction(1, divisions)
+
+
+                if n.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Duration):
+                    mxl_dur = n.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Duration)
+                    dur = mxl_dur.get_length() * factor
+
+                    if n.get_name() == 'backup':
+                        dur = -dur
+                        # reset all graces before the backup to after-graces:
+                        self.graces_to_aftergraces(pending_graces)
+                        pending_graces = []
+                    if n.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Grace):
+                        dur = Fraction(0)
+
+                    rest = n.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Rest)
+                    if(rest
+                            and attributes_object
+                            and attributes_object.get_measure_length() == dur):
+
+                        rest._is_whole_measure = True
+
+                if(dur > Fraction(0)
+                        and n.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Chord)):
+                    now = last_moment
+                    measure_position = last_measure_position
+
+                n._when = now
+                n._measure_position = measure_position
+
+                # For all grace notes, store the previous note,  in case need
+                # to turn the grace note into an after-grace later on!
+                if isinstance(n, Note) and n.is_grace():
+                    n._prev_when = last_moment
+                    n._prev_measure_position = last_measure_position
+                # After-graces are placed at the same position as the previous note
+                if isinstance(n, Note) and n.is_after_grace():
+                    # TODO: We should do the same for grace notes at the end of
+                    # a measure with no following note!!!
+                    n._when = last_moment
+                    n._measure_position = last_measure_position
+                elif isinstance(n, Note) and n.is_grace():
+                    pending_graces.append(n)
+                elif dur > Fraction(0):
+                    pending_graces = []
+
+                n._duration = dur
+                if dur > Fraction(0):
+                    last_moment = now
+                    last_measure_position = measure_position
+                    now += dur
+                    measure_position += dur
+                elif dur < Fraction(0):
+                    # backup element, reset measure position
+                    now += dur
+                    measure_position += dur
+                    if measure_position < 0:
+                        # backup went beyond the measure start => reset to 0
+                        now -= measure_position
+                        measure_position = 0
+                    last_moment = now
+                    last_measure_position = measure_position
+                if n._name == 'note':
+                    instrument = n.get_maybe_exist_named_child('instrument')
+                    if instrument:
+                        n.instrument_name = part_list.get_instrument(
+                            instrument.id)
+
+            # reset all graces at the end of the measure to after-graces:
+            self.graces_to_aftergraces(pending_graces)
+            pending_graces = []
+            # Incomplete first measures are not padded, but registered as partial
+            if is_first_measure:
+                is_first_measure = False
+                # upbeats are marked as implicit measures
+                if attributes_object and m.is_implicit():
+                    length = attributes_object.get_measure_length()
+                    measure_end = measure_start_moment + length
+                    if measure_end != now:
+                        m.partial = now
+            previous_measure = m
+
+    # modify attributes so that only those applying to the given staff remain
+    def extract_attributes_for_staff(part, attr, staff):
+        attributes = copy.copy(attr)
+        attributes._children = []
+        attributes._dict = attr._dict.copy()
+        attributes._original_tag = attr
+        # copy only the relevant children over for the given staff
+        if staff == "None":
+            staff = "1"
+        for c in attr._children:
+            if ((not hasattr(c, 'number') or c.number == staff) and
+                  not isinstance(c, Hash_text)):
+                attributes._children.append(c)
+        if not attributes._children:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return attributes
+
+    def extract_voices(part):
+        # The last indentified voice
+        last_voice = None
+
+        voices = OrderedDict()
+        measures = part.get_typed_children(Measure)
+        elements = []
+        for m in measures:
+            if m.partial > 0:
+                elements.append(Partial(m.partial))
+            elements.extend(m.get_all_children())
+        # make sure we know all voices already so that dynamics, clefs, etc.
+        # can be assigned to the correct voices
+        voice_to_staff_dict = {}
+        for n in elements:
+            voice_id = n.get_maybe_exist_named_child('voice')
+            vid = None
+            if voice_id:
+                vid = voice_id.get_text()
+            elif isinstance(n, Note):
+                # TODO: Check whether we shall really use "None" here, or
+                #       rather use "1" as the default?
+                if n.get_maybe_exist_named_child('chord'):
+                    vid = last_voice
+                else:
+                    vid = "1"
+
+            if vid is not None:
+                last_voice = vid
+
+            staff_id = n.get_maybe_exist_named_child('staff')
+            sid = None
+            if staff_id:
+                sid = staff_id.get_text()
+            else:
+                # TODO: Check whether we shall really use "None" here, or
+                #       rather use "1" as the default?
+                #       If this is changed, need to change the corresponding
+                #       check in extract_attributes_for_staff, too.
+                sid = "None"
+            if vid and vid not in voices:
+                voices[vid] = Musicxml_voice()
+            if vid and sid and not n.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(Grace):
+                if vid not in voice_to_staff_dict:
+                    voice_to_staff_dict[vid] = sid
+
+        # invert the voice_to_staff_dict into a staff_to_voice_dict(since we
+        # need to assign staff-assigned objects like clefs, times, etc. to
+        # all the correct voices. This will never work entirely correct due
+        # to staff-switches, but that's the best we can do!
+        staff_to_voice_dict = {}
+        for(v, s) in list(voice_to_staff_dict.items()):
+            if s not in staff_to_voice_dict:
+                staff_to_voice_dict[s] = [v]
+            else:
+                staff_to_voice_dict[s].append(v)
+
+        start_attr = None
+        assign_to_next_note = []
+        id = None
+        for n in elements:
+            voice_id = n.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(get_class('voice'))
+            if voice_id:
+                id = voice_id.get_text()
+            else:
+                if n.get_maybe_exist_typed_child(get_class('chord')):
+                    id = last_voice
+                else:
+                    id = "1"
+
+            if id != "None":
+                last_voice = id
+
+            # We don't need backup/forward any more, since we have already
+            # assigned the correct onset times.
+            # TODO: Let Grouping through. Also: link, print, bokmark sound
+            if not(isinstance(n, Note) or isinstance(n, Attributes) or
+                    isinstance(n, Direction) or isinstance(n, Partial) or
+                    isinstance(n, Barline) or isinstance(n, Harmony) or
+                    isinstance(n, FiguredBass) or isinstance(n, Print)):
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(n, Attributes) and not start_attr:
+                start_attr = n
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(n, Attributes):
+                # assign these only to the voices they really belong to!
+                for(s, vids) in list(staff_to_voice_dict.items()):
+                    staff_attributes = part.extract_attributes_for_staff(n, s)
+                    if staff_attributes:
+                        for v in vids:
+                            voices[v].add_element(staff_attributes)
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(n, Partial) or isinstance(n, Barline) or isinstance(n, Print):
+                for v in list(voices.keys()):
+                    voices[v].add_element(n)
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(n, Direction):
+                if n.voice_id:
+                    voices[n.voice_id].add_element(n)
+                else:
+                    assign_to_next_note.append(n)
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(n, Harmony) or isinstance(n, FiguredBass):
+                # store the harmony or figured bass element until we encounter
+                # the next note and assign it only to that one voice.
+                assign_to_next_note.append(n)
+                continue
+
+            if hasattr(n, 'print-object') and getattr(n, 'print-object') == "no":
+                # Skip this note.
+                pass
+            else:
+                for i in assign_to_next_note:
+                    voices[id].add_element(i)
+                assign_to_next_note = []
+                voices[id].add_element(n)
+
+        # Assign all remaining elements from assign_to_next_note to the voice
+        # of the previous note:
+        for i in assign_to_next_note:
+            voices[id].add_element(i)
+        assign_to_next_note = []
+
+        if start_attr:
+            for(s, vids) in list(staff_to_voice_dict.items()):
+                staff_attributes = part.extract_attributes_for_staff(
+                    start_attr, s)
+                staff_attributes.read_self()
+                part._staff_attributes_dict[s] = staff_attributes
+                for v in vids:
+                    voices[v].insert(0, staff_attributes)
+                    voices[v]._elements[0].read_self()
+
+        part._voices = voices
+
+    def get_voices(self):
+        return self._voices
+
+    def get_staff_attributes(self):
+        return self._staff_attributes_dict
+
+
+class BarStyle(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class BeatType(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class BeatUnit(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class BeatUnitDot(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Beats(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Bracket(Music_xml_spanner):
+    pass
+
+
+class Chord(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Dashes(Music_xml_spanner):
+    pass
+
+
+class DirType(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Direction(Measure_element):
+    pass
+
+
+class Dot(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Elision(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Extend(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class FiguredBass(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Glissando(Music_xml_spanner):
+    pass
+
+
+class Grace(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Harmony(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Hash_comment(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class KeyAlter(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Direction (Measure_element):
+    pass
+
+
+class KeyOctave(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class KeyStep(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Part_group(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Pedal(Music_xml_spanner):
+    pass
+
+
+class PerMinute(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Print(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Root(ChordPitch):
+    pass
+
+
+class Score_part(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Slide(Music_xml_spanner):
+    pass
+
+
+class Staff(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Text(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Type(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+class Wavy_line(Music_xml_spanner):
+    pass
+
+
+class Wedge(Music_xml_spanner):
+    pass
+
+
+class Words(Music_xml_node):
+    pass
+
+
+# need this, not all classes are instantiated
+# for every input file. Only add those classes, that are either directly
+# used by class name or extend Music_xml_node in some way!
+class_dict = {
+    '#comment': Hash_comment,
+    '#text': Hash_text,
+    'accidental': Accidental,
+    'attributes': Attributes,
+    'barline': Barline,
+    'bar-style': BarStyle,
+    'bass': Bass,
+    'beam': Beam,
+    'beats': Beats,
+    'beat-type': BeatType,
+    'beat-unit': BeatUnit,
+    'beat-unit-dot': BeatUnitDot,
+    'bend': Bend,
+    'bracket': Bracket,
+    'chord': Chord,
+    'credit': Credit,
+    'dashes': Dashes,
+    'degree': ChordModification,
+    'dot': Dot,
+    'direction': Direction,
+    'direction-type': DirType,
+    'duration': Duration,
+    'elision': Elision,
+    'extend': Extend,
+    'frame': Frame,
+    'frame-note': Frame_Note,
+    'figured-bass': FiguredBass,
+    'glissando': Glissando,
+    'grace': Grace,
+    'harmony': Harmony,
+    'identification': Identification,
+    'key-alter': KeyAlter,
+    'key-octave': KeyOctave,
+    'key-step': KeyStep,
+    'lyric': Lyric,
+    'measure': Measure,
+    'notations': Notations,
+    'note': Note,
+    'notehead': Notehead,
+    'octave-shift': Octave_shift,
+    'part': Part,
+    'part-group': Part_group,
+    'part-list': Part_list,
+    'pedal': Pedal,
+    'per-minute': PerMinute,
+    'pitch': Pitch,
+    'print': Print,
+    'rest': Rest,
+    'root': Root,
+    'score-part': Score_part,
+    'slide': Slide,
+    'slur': Slur,
+    'sound': Sound,
+    'staff': Staff,
+    'stem': Stem,
+    'syllabic': Syllabic,
+    'text': Text,
+    'time-modification': Time_modification,
+    'tied': Tied,
+    'tuplet': Tuplet,
+    'type': Type,
+    'unpitched': Unpitched,
+    'wavy-line': Wavy_line,
+    'wedge': Wedge,
+    'words': Words,
+    'work': Work,
+}
+
+
+def name2class_name(name):
+    name = name.replace('-', '_')
+    name = name.replace('#', 'hash_')
+    name = name[0].upper() + name[1:].lower()
+
+    return str(name)
+
+
+def get_class(name):
+    classname = class_dict.get(name)
+    if classname:
+        return classname
+    else:
+        class_name = name2class_name(name)
+        klass = type(class_name, (Music_xml_node,), {})
+        class_dict[name] = klass
+        return klass
+
+
+def lxml_demarshal_node(node):
+    name = node.tag
+
+    # Ignore comment nodes, which are also returned by the etree parser!
+    if name is None or node.__class__.__name__ == "_Comment":
+        return None
+    klass = get_class(name)
+    py_node = klass()
+
+    py_node._original = node
+    py_node._name = name
+    py_node._data = node.text
+    py_node._children = [lxml_demarshal_node(cn) for cn in node.getchildren()]
+    py_node._children = [x for x in py_node._children if x]
+
+    for c in py_node._children:
+        c._parent = py_node
+
+    for(k, v) in list(node.items()):
+        py_node.__dict__[k] = v
+        py_node._attribute_dict[k] = v
+
+    return py_node
+
+
+def minidom_demarshal_node(node):
+    name = node.nodeName
+
+    klass = get_class(name)
+    py_node = klass()
+    py_node._name = name
+    py_node._children = [minidom_demarshal_node(cn) for cn in node.childNodes]
+    for c in py_node._children:
+        c._parent = py_node
+
+    if node.attributes:
+        for(nm, value) in list(node.attributes.items()):
+            py_node.__dict__[nm] = value
+            py_node._attribute_dict[nm] = value
+
+    py_node._data = None
+    if node.nodeType == node.TEXT_NODE and node.data:
+        py_node._data = node.data
+
+    py_node._original = node
+    return py_node
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import lxml.etree
+
+    tree = lxml.etree.parse('beethoven.xml')
+    mxl_tree = lxml_demarshal_node(tree.getroot())
+    ks = sorted(class_dict.keys())
+    print('\n'.join(ks))