wayfinder-paths 0.1.9__py3-none-any.whl → 0.1.11__py3-none-any.whl

wayfinder_paths/strategies/moonwell_wsteth_loop_strategy/strategy.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2975 @@
+"""
+Moonwell wstETH Loop Strategy
+
+A leveraged liquid-staking carry on Base that loops USDC → borrow WETH → swap to wstETH → lend wstETH.
+The loop repeats while keeping debt as a fraction F of borrow capacity, chosen conservatively
+so the position remains safe under a stETH/ETH depeg.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import time
+from typing import Any
+
+import httpx
+from loguru import logger
+
+from wayfinder_paths.adapters.balance_adapter.adapter import BalanceAdapter
+from wayfinder_paths.adapters.brap_adapter.adapter import BRAPAdapter
+from wayfinder_paths.adapters.ledger_adapter.adapter import LedgerAdapter
+from wayfinder_paths.adapters.moonwell_adapter.adapter import MoonwellAdapter
+from wayfinder_paths.adapters.token_adapter.adapter import TokenAdapter
+from wayfinder_paths.core.services.base import Web3Service
+from wayfinder_paths.core.services.local_token_txn import LocalTokenTxnService
+from wayfinder_paths.core.services.web3_service import DefaultWeb3Service
+from wayfinder_paths.core.strategies.descriptors import (
+    Complexity,
+    Directionality,
+    Frequency,
+    StratDescriptor,
+    TokenExposure,
+    Volatility,
+)
+from wayfinder_paths.core.strategies.Strategy import StatusDict, StatusTuple, Strategy
+from wayfinder_paths.core.wallets.WalletManager import WalletManager
+from wayfinder_paths.policies.enso import ENSO_ROUTER, enso_swap
+from wayfinder_paths.policies.erc20 import erc20_spender_for_any_token
+from wayfinder_paths.policies.moonwell import (
+    M_USDC,
+    M_WETH,
+    M_WSTETH,
+    WETH,
+    moonwell_comptroller_enter_markets_or_claim_rewards,
+    musdc_mint_or_approve_or_redeem,
+    mweth_approve_or_borrow_or_repay,
+    mwsteth_approve_or_mint_or_redeem,
+    weth_deposit,
+)
+
+# Token addresses on Base
+USDC = "0x833589fCD6eDb6E08f4c7C32D4f71b54bdA02913"
+WSTETH = "0xc1CBa3fCea344f92D9239c08C0568f6F2F0ee452"
+
+# Token IDs
+USDC_TOKEN_ID = "usd-coin-base"
+WETH_TOKEN_ID = "l2-standard-bridged-weth-base-base"
+WSTETH_TOKEN_ID = "superbridge-bridged-wsteth-base-base"
+ETH_TOKEN_ID = "ethereum-base"
+WELL_TOKEN_ID = "moonwell-artemis-base"
+STETH_TOKEN_ID = "staked-ether-ethereum"
+
+# Base chain ID
+BASE_CHAIN_ID = 8453
+
+# Safety parameters
+# 0.98 = 2% safety margin when borrowing to avoid hitting exact liquidation threshold
+COLLATERAL_SAFETY_FACTOR = 0.98
+
+
+class SwapOutcomeUnknownError(RuntimeError):
+    """Raised when a swap transaction's outcome is unknown (e.g., receipt timeout).
+
+    In this case we must not retry (risk duplicate fills) and should halt the strategy
+    so the caller can inspect on-chain state.
+    """
+
+
+class MoonwellWstethLoopStrategy(Strategy):
+    """Leveraged wstETH yield strategy using Moonwell lending protocol on Base."""
+
+    name = "Moonwell wstETH Loop Strategy"
+    description = "Leveraged wstETH yield strategy using Moonwell lending protocol."
+    summary = "Loop wstETH on Moonwell for amplified staking yields."
+
+    # Strategy parameters
+    MIN_GAS = 0.002  # Minimum Base ETH (in ETH) required for gas fees (Base L2)
+    MAINTENANCE_GAS = MIN_GAS / 10
+    # When wrapping ETH to WETH for swaps/repayment, avoid draining gas below this floor.
+    # We can dip below MIN_GAS temporarily, but should not wipe the wallet.
+    WRAP_GAS_RESERVE = 0.0014
+    MIN_USDC_DEPOSIT = 20.0  # Minimum USDC deposit required as initial collateral
+    MAX_DEPEG = 0.01  # Maximum allowed stETH depeg threshold (1%)
+    MAX_HEALTH_FACTOR = 1.5
+    MIN_HEALTH_FACTOR = 1.2
+    # Continue levering up if HF is more than this amount above MIN_HEALTH_FACTOR
+    HF_LEVER_UP_BUFFER = 0.05  # Lever up if HF > MIN + 0.05 (i.e., > 1.25)
+    _MAX_LOOP_LIMIT = 30  # Prevents infinite loops
+
+    # Parameters
+    leverage_limit = 10  # Limit on leverage multiplier
+    min_withdraw_usd = 2
+    max_swap_retries = 3  # Maximum number of swap retry attempts
+    swap_slippage_tolerance = 0.005  # Base slippage of 50 bps
+    MAX_SLIPPAGE_TOLERANCE = 0.03  # 3% absolute maximum slippage to prevent MEV attacks
+    PRICE_STALENESS_THRESHOLD = 300  # 5 minutes - max age for cached prices
+
+    # 50 basis points (0.0050) - minimum leverage gain per loop iteration to continue
+    # If marginal gain drops below this, stop looping as gas costs outweigh benefit
+    _MIN_LEVERAGE_GAIN_BPS = 50e-4  # 50 bps = 0.50%
+
+    INFO = StratDescriptor(
+        description="Leveraged wstETH carry: loops USDC → borrow WETH → swap wstETH → lend. "
+        "Depeg-aware sizing with safety factor. ETH-neutral: WETH debt vs wstETH collateral.",
+        summary="Leveraged wstETH carry on Base with depeg-aware sizing.",
+        gas_token_symbol="ETH",
+        gas_token_id=ETH_TOKEN_ID,
+        deposit_token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID,
+        minimum_net_deposit=20,
+        gas_maximum=0.05,
+        gas_threshold=0.01,
+        volatility=Volatility.LOW,
+        volatility_description="APYs can vary significantly but are almost always positive",
+        directionality=Directionality.DELTA_NEUTRAL,
+        directionality_description="Balances wstETH collateral and WETH debt so ETH delta stays close to flat.",
+        complexity=Complexity.MEDIUM,
+        complexity_description="Manages recursive lend/borrow loops, peg monitoring, and health-factor controls.",
+        token_exposure=TokenExposure.MAJORS,
+        token_exposure_description="Risk is concentrated in ETH (wstETH vs WETH) and USDC on Base.",
+        frequency=Frequency.LOW,
+        frequency_description="Runs every 2 hours but will trade rarely to minimize transaction fees.",
+        return_drivers=["leveraged lend APY"],
+        config={
+            "deposit": {
+                "description": "Lend USDC as seed collateral, then execute leverage loop.",
+                "parameters": {
+                    "main_token_amount": {
+                        "type": "float",
+                        "unit": "USDC tokens",
+                        "description": "Amount of USDC to deposit as initial collateral.",
+                        "minimum": 20.0,
+                        "examples": ["100.0", "500.0", "1000.0"],
+                    },
+                    "gas_token_amount": {
+                        "type": "float",
+                        "unit": "ETH tokens",
+                        "description": "Amount of ETH to transfer for gas.",
+                        "minimum": 0.0,
+                        "recommended": 0.01,
+                    },
+                },
+                "result": "Delta-neutral leveraged wstETH position.",
+            },
+            "withdraw": {
+                "description": "Unwind positions, repay debt, and return funds.",
+                "parameters": {},
+                "result": "All debt repaid, collateral returned in USDC.",
+            },
+            "update": {
+                "description": "Rebalance positions and manage leverage.",
+                "parameters": {},
+                "result": "Position maintained at target leverage.",
+            },
+        },
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        config: dict | None = None,
+        *,
+        main_wallet: dict | None = None,
+        strategy_wallet: dict | None = None,
+        simulation: bool = False,
+        web3_service: Web3Service | None = None,
+        api_key: str | None = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(api_key=api_key)
+        merged_config: dict[str, Any] = dict(config or {})
+        if main_wallet is not None:
+            merged_config["main_wallet"] = main_wallet
+        if strategy_wallet is not None:
+            merged_config["strategy_wallet"] = strategy_wallet
+
+        self.config = merged_config
+        self.simulation = simulation
+        self.web3_service = web3_service
+
+        # Adapter references
+        self.balance_adapter: BalanceAdapter | None = None
+        self.moonwell_adapter: MoonwellAdapter | None = None
+        self.brap_adapter: BRAPAdapter | None = None
+        self.token_adapter: TokenAdapter | None = None
+        self.ledger_adapter: LedgerAdapter | None = None
+
+        # Token info cache
+        self._token_info_cache: dict[str, dict] = {}
+        self._token_price_cache: dict[str, float] = {}
+        self._token_price_timestamps: dict[str, float] = {}
+
+        try:
+            main_wallet_cfg = self.config.get("main_wallet")
+            strategy_wallet_cfg = self.config.get("strategy_wallet")
+
+            if not strategy_wallet_cfg or not strategy_wallet_cfg.get("address"):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "strategy_wallet not configured. Provide strategy_wallet address in config."
+                )
+
+            adapter_config = {
+                "main_wallet": main_wallet_cfg or None,
+                "strategy_wallet": strategy_wallet_cfg or None,
+                "strategy": self.config,
+            }
+
+            # Initialize web3_service if not provided
+            if self.web3_service is None:
+                wallet_provider = WalletManager.get_provider(adapter_config)
+                token_transaction_service = LocalTokenTxnService(
+                    adapter_config,
+                    wallet_provider=wallet_provider,
+                )
+                web3_service = DefaultWeb3Service(
+                    wallet_provider=wallet_provider,
+                    evm_transactions=token_transaction_service,
+                )
+            else:
+                web3_service = self.web3_service
+                token_transaction_service = web3_service.token_transactions
+
+            # Initialize adapters
+            balance = BalanceAdapter(adapter_config, web3_service=web3_service)
+            token_adapter = TokenAdapter()
+            ledger_adapter = LedgerAdapter()
+            brap_adapter = BRAPAdapter(
+                web3_service=web3_service,
+            )
+            moonwell_adapter = MoonwellAdapter(
+                adapter_config,
+                simulation=self.simulation,
+                web3_service=web3_service,
+            )
+
+            self.register_adapters(
+                [
+                    balance,
+                    token_adapter,
+                    ledger_adapter,
+                    brap_adapter,
+                    moonwell_adapter,
+                    token_transaction_service,
+                ]
+            )
+
+            self.balance_adapter = balance
+            self.token_adapter = token_adapter
+            self.ledger_adapter = ledger_adapter
+            self.brap_adapter = brap_adapter
+            self.moonwell_adapter = moonwell_adapter
+            self.web3_service = web3_service
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Failed to initialize strategy adapters: {e}")
+            raise
+
+    def _max_safe_F(self, cf_w: float) -> float:
+        """Max safe debt fraction vs borrow capacity under a depeg.
+
+        Let a = 1 - MAX_DEPEG. If the position is sized at par (a=1) with debt
+        fraction F = Debt / BorrowCapacity, then after an instantaneous depeg to a
+        the borrow capacity shrinks by cf_w * (1-a) * Debt. Requiring Debt to
+        remain <= new capacity yields:
+            F_max = 1 / (1 + cf_w * (1 - a))
+
+        Returns F_max clipped to [0, 1].
+        """
+        a = 1 - self.MAX_DEPEG
+        if not (0 < a):
+            return 0.0
+        if not (0 <= cf_w < 1):
+            return 0.0
+
+        f_bound = 1.0 / (1.0 + cf_w * (1.0 - a))
+        # Extra feasibility guard (usually >1, but keep for safety).
+        f_feasible = 1.0 / (cf_w * a) if cf_w > 0 else 1.0
+        return max(0.0, min(1.0, min(f_bound, f_feasible, 1.0)))
+
+    def _get_strategy_wallet_address(self) -> str:
+        """Get the strategy wallet address."""
+        wallet = self.config.get("strategy_wallet", {})
+        return wallet.get("address", "")
+
+    def _get_main_wallet_address(self) -> str:
+        """Get the main wallet address."""
+        wallet = self.config.get("main_wallet", {})
+        return wallet.get("address", "")
+
+    async def setup(self):
+        """Initialize token info and validate configuration."""
+        if self.token_adapter is None:
+            raise RuntimeError("Token adapter not initialized.")
+
+        # Pre-fetch token info
+        for token_id in [USDC_TOKEN_ID, WETH_TOKEN_ID, WSTETH_TOKEN_ID, ETH_TOKEN_ID]:
+            try:
+                success, info = await self.token_adapter.get_token(token_id)
+                if success:
+                    self._token_info_cache[token_id] = info
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning(f"Failed to fetch token info for {token_id}: {e}")
+
+    async def _get_token_info(self, token_id: str) -> dict:
+        """Get token info from cache or fetch it."""
+        if token_id in self._token_info_cache:
+            return self._token_info_cache[token_id]
+
+        success, info = await self.token_adapter.get_token(token_id)
+        if success:
+            self._token_info_cache[token_id] = info
+            return info
+        return {}
+
+    async def _get_token_price(self, token_id: str) -> float:
+        """Get token price with staleness check."""
+        now = time.time()
+
+        # Check cache with staleness
+        if token_id in self._token_price_cache:
+            timestamp = self._token_price_timestamps.get(token_id, 0)
+            if now - timestamp < self.PRICE_STALENESS_THRESHOLD:
+                return self._token_price_cache[token_id]
+            else:
+                logger.debug(f"Price cache stale for {token_id}, refreshing")
+
+        success, price_data = await self.token_adapter.get_token_price(token_id)
+        if success and isinstance(price_data, dict):
+            price = price_data.get("current_price", 0.0)
+            if price and price > 0:
+                self._token_price_cache[token_id] = price
+                self._token_price_timestamps[token_id] = now
+                return price
+
+        logger.warning(
+            f"Failed to get fresh price for {token_id}, success={success}, price_data={price_data}"
+        )
+        return 0.0
+
+    def _clear_price_cache(self):
+        """Clear the price cache to force refresh."""
+        self._token_price_cache.clear()
+        self._token_price_timestamps.clear()
+
+    async def _get_token_data(self, token_id: str) -> tuple[float, int]:
+        """Get price and decimals for a token in one call."""
+        price = await self._get_token_price(token_id)
+        info = await self._get_token_info(token_id)
+        return price, info.get("decimals", 18)
+
+    async def _swap_with_retries(
+        self,
+        from_token_id: str,
+        to_token_id: str,
+        amount: int,
+        max_retries: int | None = None,
+        base_slippage: float | None = None,
+        preferred_providers: list[str] | None = None,
+    ) -> dict | None:
+        """Swap with retries, progressive slippage, and exponential backoff."""
+        if max_retries is None:
+            max_retries = self.max_swap_retries
+        if base_slippage is None:
+            base_slippage = self.swap_slippage_tolerance
+
+        last_error: Exception | None = None
+        strategy_address = self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+
+        # Always balance-check swap inputs to avoid on-chain reverts from stale/rounded values.
+        try:
+            wallet_balance = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                token_id=from_token_id,
+                wallet_address=strategy_address,
+            )
+            if from_token_id == ETH_TOKEN_ID:
+                reserve = int(self.WRAP_GAS_RESERVE * 10**18)
+                wallet_balance = max(0, wallet_balance - reserve)
+            amount = min(int(amount), wallet_balance)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning(f"Failed to check swap balance for {from_token_id}: {exc}")
+
+        if amount <= 0:
+            logger.warning(
+                f"Swap skipped: no available balance for {from_token_id} (post-reserve)"
+            )
+            return None
+
+        # Wrap ETH to WETH before swapping - direct ETH swaps get bad fills
+        if from_token_id == ETH_TOKEN_ID:
+            logger.info(f"Wrapping {amount / 10**18:.6f} ETH to WETH before swap")
+            wrap_success, wrap_msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.wrap_eth(amount=amount)
+            if not wrap_success:
+                logger.error(f"Failed to wrap ETH to WETH: {wrap_msg}")
+                return None
+            from_token_id = WETH_TOKEN_ID
+
+        def _is_unknown_outcome_message(msg: str) -> bool:
+            m = (msg or "").lower()
+            return (
+                "transaction pending" in m
+                or "dropped/unknown" in m
+                or "not in the chain after" in m
+                or "no receipt after" in m
+            )
+
+        for i in range(max_retries):
+            # Cap slippage at MAX_SLIPPAGE_TOLERANCE to prevent MEV attacks
+            slippage = min(base_slippage * (i + 1), self.MAX_SLIPPAGE_TOLERANCE)
+            try:
+                success, result = await self.brap_adapter.swap_from_token_ids(
+                    from_token_id=from_token_id,
+                    to_token_id=to_token_id,
+                    from_address=strategy_address,
+                    amount=str(amount),
+                    slippage=slippage,
+                    preferred_providers=preferred_providers,
+                )
+                if success and result:
+                    logger.info(
+                        f"Swap succeeded on attempt {i + 1} with slippage {slippage * 100:.1f}%"
+                    )
+                    # Ensure result is a dict with to_amount
+                    if isinstance(result, dict):
+                        return result
+                    return {"to_amount": result if isinstance(result, int) else 0}
+
+                # Do not retry when the transaction outcome is unknown (pending/dropped).
+                # Retrying swaps can create nonce gaps or duplicate fills.
+                if isinstance(result, str) and _is_unknown_outcome_message(result):
+                    raise SwapOutcomeUnknownError(result)
+
+                last_error = Exception(str(result))
+                logger.warning(
+                    f"Swap attempt {i + 1}/{max_retries} returned unsuccessful: {result}"
+                )
+            except SwapOutcomeUnknownError:
+                raise
+            except Exception as e:
+                if _is_unknown_outcome_message(str(e)):
+                    raise SwapOutcomeUnknownError(str(e)) from e
+                last_error = e
+                logger.warning(
+                    f"Swap attempt {i + 1}/{max_retries} failed with slippage "
+                    f"{slippage * 100:.1f}%: {e}"
+                )
+            if i < max_retries - 1:
+                # Exponential backoff: 1s, 2s, 4s
+                await asyncio.sleep(2**i)
+
+        logger.error(
+            f"All {max_retries} swap attempts failed. Last error: {last_error}"
+        )
+        return None
+
+    def _parse_balance(self, raw: Any) -> int:
+        """Parse balance value to integer, handling various formats."""
+        if raw is None:
+            return 0
+        if isinstance(raw, dict):
+            raw = raw.get("balance", 0)
+        try:
+            return int(raw)
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            try:
+                return int(float(raw))
+            except (ValueError, TypeError):
+                return 0
+
+    def _token_address_for_id(self, token_id: str) -> str | None:
+        if token_id == ETH_TOKEN_ID:
+            return None
+        if token_id == USDC_TOKEN_ID:
+            return USDC
+        if token_id == WETH_TOKEN_ID:
+            return WETH
+        if token_id == WSTETH_TOKEN_ID:
+            return WSTETH
+        return None
+
+    async def _get_balance_raw(
+        self,
+        *,
+        token_id: str,
+        wallet_address: str,
+        block_identifier: int | str | None = None,
+    ) -> int:
+        """Read a wallet balance directly from chain (falls back to adapter in simulation).
+
+        Args:
+            token_id: Token identifier (e.g., WETH_TOKEN_ID)
+            wallet_address: Address to query balance for
+            block_identifier: Block to query at. Can be:
+                - int: specific block number (for pinning to tx block)
+                - "safe": OP Stack safe block (data posted to L1)
+                - None/"latest": current head (default)
+        """
+        if not token_id or not wallet_address:
+            return 0
+
+        # Tests/simulations patch adapters; avoid RPC calls there.
+        if self.simulation or self.web3_service is None:
+            if self.balance_adapter is None:
+                return 0
+            success, raw = await self.balance_adapter.get_balance(
+                token_id=token_id,
+                wallet_address=wallet_address,
+            )
+            return self._parse_balance(raw) if success else 0
+
+        token_address = self._token_address_for_id(token_id)
+        if token_id != ETH_TOKEN_ID and not token_address:
+            # Try to resolve address via token metadata (not a balance read).
+            if self.token_adapter is not None:
+                try:
+                    success, info = await self.token_adapter.get_token(token_id)
+                    if success and isinstance(info, dict):
+                        token_address = info.get("address") or None
+                except Exception as exc:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        f"Failed to resolve token address for {token_id}: {exc}"
+                    )
+
+        if token_id != ETH_TOKEN_ID and not token_address:
+            # Do not fall back to API balances for execution-critical paths.
+            logger.warning(
+                f"Unknown token address for {token_id}; skipping balance read"
+            )
+            return 0
+
+        try:
+            evm = getattr(self.web3_service, "evm_transactions", None)
+            if evm is None:
+                return 0
+            ok, bal = await evm.get_balance(
+                wallet_address, token_address, BASE_CHAIN_ID, block_identifier
+            )
+            return int(bal) if ok else 0
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning(f"On-chain balance read failed for {token_id}: {exc}")
+            return 0
+
+    def _normalize_usd_value(self, raw: Any) -> float:
+        """Normalize a USD value that may be 18-decimal scaled (Compound/Moonwell style).
+
+        Moonwell's Comptroller `getAccountLiquidity` returns USD with 18 decimals as an int.
+        Some mocks may return a float already in USD.
+        """
+        if raw is None:
+            return 0.0
+
+        # Preserve int-ness check before coercion: ints are assumed 1e18-scaled.
+        is_int = isinstance(raw, int) and not isinstance(raw, bool)
+        try:
+            val = float(raw)
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            return 0.0
+
+        if is_int:
+            return val / 1e18
+
+        # Defensive: if a float looks like a 1e18-scaled value, de-scale it.
+        return val / 1e18 if val > 1e12 else val
+
+    def _mtoken_amount_for_underlying(
+        self, withdraw_info: dict[str, Any], underlying_raw: int
+    ) -> int:
+        """Convert desired underlying (raw) to mToken amount (raw), capped by max withdrawable."""
+        if underlying_raw <= 0:
+            return 0
+
+        max_ctokens = int(withdraw_info.get("cTokens_raw", 0) or 0)
+        if max_ctokens <= 0:
+            return 0
+
+        exchange_rate_raw = int(withdraw_info.get("exchangeRate_raw", 0) or 0)
+        conversion_factor = withdraw_info.get("conversion_factor", 0) or 0
+
+        if exchange_rate_raw > 0:
+            # underlying = cTokens * exchangeRate / 1e18  =>  cTokens = ceil(underlying*1e18 / exchangeRate)
+            ctokens_needed = (
+                int(underlying_raw) * 10**18 + exchange_rate_raw - 1
+            ) // exchange_rate_raw
+        else:
+            try:
+                cf = float(conversion_factor)
+            except (TypeError, ValueError):
+                cf = 0.0
+            ctokens_needed = (
+                int(cf * int(underlying_raw)) + 1 if cf > 0 else max_ctokens
+            )
+
+        return min(int(ctokens_needed), max_ctokens)
+
+    async def _get_gas_balance(self) -> int:
+        """Get ETH balance in strategy wallet (raw wei)."""
+        return await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=ETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+        )
+
+    async def _get_usdc_balance(self) -> int:
+        """Get USDC balance in strategy wallet (raw wei)."""
+        return await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+        )
+
+    async def _validate_gas_balance(self) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+        """Validate gas balance meets minimum requirements."""
+        gas_balance = await self._get_gas_balance()
+        main_gas = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=ETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=self._get_main_wallet_address()
+        )
+        total_gas = gas_balance + main_gas
+
+        if total_gas < int(self.MIN_GAS * 10**18):
+            return (
+                False,
+                f"Need at least {self.MIN_GAS} Base ETH for gas. You have: {total_gas / 10**18:.6f}",
+            )
+        return (True, "Gas balance validated")
+
+    async def _validate_usdc_deposit(
+        self, usdc_amount: float
+    ) -> tuple[bool, str, float]:
+        """Validate USDC deposit amount."""
+        actual_balance = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=self._get_main_wallet_address()
+        )
+
+        token_info = await self._get_token_info(USDC_TOKEN_ID)
+        decimals = token_info.get("decimals", 6)
+        available_usdc = actual_balance / (10**decimals)
+
+        usdc_amount = min(usdc_amount, available_usdc)
+
+        if usdc_amount < self.MIN_USDC_DEPOSIT:
+            return (
+                False,
+                f"Minimum deposit is {self.MIN_USDC_DEPOSIT} USDC. Available: {available_usdc:.2f}",
+                usdc_amount,
+            )
+        return (True, "USDC deposit amount validated", usdc_amount)
+
+    async def _check_quote_profitability(self) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+        """Check if the quote APY is profitable."""
+        quote = await self.quote()
+        if quote.get("apy", 0) < 0:
+            return (
+                False,
+                "APYs and ratios are not profitable at the moment, aborting deposit",
+            )
+        return (True, "Quote is profitable")
+
+    async def _transfer_usdc_to_vault(self, usdc_amount: float) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+        """Transfer USDC from main wallet to vault wallet."""
+        (
+            success,
+            msg,
+        ) = await self.balance_adapter.move_from_main_wallet_to_strategy_wallet(
+            USDC_TOKEN_ID, usdc_amount
+        )
+        if not success:
+            return (False, f"Depositing USDC into vault wallet failed: {msg}")
+        return (True, "USDC transferred to vault")
+
+    async def _transfer_gas_to_vault(self) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+        """Transfer gas from main wallet to vault if needed."""
+        vault_gas = await self._get_gas_balance()
+        if vault_gas < int(self.MIN_GAS * 10**18):
+            needed_gas = self.MIN_GAS - vault_gas / 10**18
+            (
+                success,
+                msg,
+            ) = await self.balance_adapter.move_from_main_wallet_to_strategy_wallet(
+                ETH_TOKEN_ID, needed_gas
+            )
+            if not success:
+                return (False, f"Depositing gas into strategy wallet failed: {msg}")
+        return (True, "Gas transferred to strategy")
+
+    async def _balance_weth_debt(self) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+        """Balance WETH debt if it exceeds wstETH collateral for delta-neutrality."""
+        # Get wstETH position (can be zero; missing collateral is a common recovery case)
+        wsteth_underlying = 0
+        wsteth_pos_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WSTETH)
+        if wsteth_pos_result[0] and isinstance(wsteth_pos_result[1], dict):
+            wsteth_pos = wsteth_pos_result[1]
+            wsteth_underlying = int(wsteth_pos.get("underlying_balance", 0) or 0)
+        else:
+            # Treat as 0 collateral and proceed conservatively (we still may have WETH debt).
+            logger.warning(
+                f"Failed to fetch wstETH position; treating as 0 for debt balancing: {wsteth_pos_result[1]}"
+            )
+
+        # Get WETH debt value
+        weth_pos_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WETH)
+        if not weth_pos_result[0]:
+            return (True, "No WETH debt to balance")
+
+        weth_pos = weth_pos_result[1]
+        weth_debt = weth_pos.get("borrow_balance", 0)
+
+        if weth_debt == 0:
+            return (True, "No WETH debt to balance")
+
+        # Get prices and decimals
+        weth_price, weth_decimals = await self._get_token_data(WETH_TOKEN_ID)
+        if not weth_price or weth_price <= 0:
+            return (False, "WETH price unavailable; cannot balance debt safely")
+
+        wsteth_price, wsteth_decimals = await self._get_token_data(WSTETH_TOKEN_ID)
+        if wsteth_underlying > 0 and (not wsteth_price or wsteth_price <= 0):
+            return (False, "wstETH price unavailable; cannot balance debt safely")
+        # If wstETH collateral is zero, we don't need wstETH price to proceed.
+        wsteth_price = float(wsteth_price or 0.0)
+
+        wsteth_value = (wsteth_underlying / 10**wsteth_decimals) * wsteth_price
+        weth_debt_value = (weth_debt / 10**weth_decimals) * weth_price
+
+        # Check if we're imbalanced (debt > collateral)
+        excess_debt_value = weth_debt_value - wsteth_value
+        if excess_debt_value <= 0:
+            return (True, "WETH debt is balanced with wstETH collateral")
+
+        logger.warning(
+            f"WETH debt exceeds wstETH collateral by ${excess_debt_value:.2f}. Rebalancing..."
+        )
+
+        excess_debt_wei = int(excess_debt_value / weth_price * 10**weth_decimals)
+        repaid = 0
+
+        # Step 1: Try using wallet WETH
+        wallet_weth = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+        )
+        if wallet_weth > 0:
+            repay_amt = min(wallet_weth, excess_debt_wei - repaid)
+            success, _ = await self.moonwell_adapter.repay(
+                mtoken=M_WETH,
+                underlying_token=WETH,
+                amount=repay_amt,
+            )
+            if success:
+                repaid += repay_amt
+                logger.info(f"Repaid {repay_amt / 10**18:.6f} WETH from wallet")
+
+        if repaid >= excess_debt_wei:
+            return (
+                True,
+                f"Balanced debt by repaying {repaid / 10**18:.6f} WETH from wallet",
+            )
+
+        # Step 2: Try wrapping wallet ETH → WETH and repaying (within gas reserve)
+        wallet_eth = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=ETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+        )
+        gas_reserve = int(self.WRAP_GAS_RESERVE * 10**18)
+        usable_eth = max(0, wallet_eth - gas_reserve)
+        if usable_eth > 0:
+            wrap_amt = min(usable_eth, excess_debt_wei - repaid)
+            try:
+                wrap_success, wrap_msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.wrap_eth(
+                    amount=wrap_amt
+                )
+                if not wrap_success:
+                    logger.warning(f"Failed to wrap ETH for repayment: {wrap_msg}")
+                else:
+                    weth_after = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                        token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                        wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address(),
+                    )
+                    repay_amt = min(weth_after, excess_debt_wei - repaid)
+                    if repay_amt > 0:
+                        repay_success, _ = await self.moonwell_adapter.repay(
+                            mtoken=M_WETH,
+                            underlying_token=WETH,
+                            amount=repay_amt,
+                        )
+                        if repay_success:
+                            repaid += repay_amt
+                            logger.info(
+                                f"Wrapped and repaid {repay_amt / 10**18:.6f} ETH (as WETH)"
+                            )
+
+                # Try topping up gas back to MIN_GAS if we dipped below it (non-critical).
+                topup_success, topup_msg = await self._transfer_gas_to_vault()
+                if not topup_success:
+                    logger.warning(f"Gas top-up failed (non-critical): {topup_msg}")
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning(f"Failed to wrap ETH and repay: {e}")
+
+        if repaid >= excess_debt_wei:
+            return (True, f"Balanced debt by repaying {repaid / 10**18:.6f} WETH")
+
+        # Step 3: Try swapping wallet USDC to WETH and repaying
+        remaining_to_repay = excess_debt_wei - repaid
+        remaining_value = (remaining_to_repay / 10**weth_decimals) * weth_price
+
+        wallet_usdc = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+        )
+        if wallet_usdc > 0 and remaining_to_repay > 0:
+            usdc_price, usdc_decimals = await self._get_token_data(USDC_TOKEN_ID)
+            wallet_usdc_value = (wallet_usdc / 10**usdc_decimals) * usdc_price
+
+            if wallet_usdc_value >= self.min_withdraw_usd:
+                # Swap enough USDC to cover remaining debt (with 2% buffer)
+                needed_usdc_value = min(remaining_value * 1.02, wallet_usdc_value)
+                needed_usdc = int(needed_usdc_value / usdc_price * 10**usdc_decimals)
+                amount_to_swap = min(needed_usdc, wallet_usdc)
+                try:
+                    swap_result = await self._swap_with_retries(
+                        from_token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID,
+                        to_token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                        amount=amount_to_swap,
+                    )
+                    if swap_result:
+                        # Use actual post-swap WETH balance to avoid relying on quoted to_amount.
+                        weth_after = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                            token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                            wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address(),
+                        )
+                        repay_amt = min(weth_after, excess_debt_wei - repaid)
+                        if repay_amt > 0:
+                            success, _ = await self.moonwell_adapter.repay(
+                                mtoken=M_WETH,
+                                underlying_token=WETH,
+                                amount=repay_amt,
+                            )
+                            if success:
+                                repaid += repay_amt
+                                logger.info(
+                                    f"Swapped wallet USDC and repaid {repay_amt / 10**18:.6f} WETH"
+                                )
+                except SwapOutcomeUnknownError as exc:
+                    return (
+                        False,
+                        f"Swap outcome unknown while swapping wallet USDC for repayment: {exc}",
+                    )
+                except Exception as e:
+                    logger.warning(f"Failed to swap wallet USDC for repayment: {e}")
+
+        if repaid >= excess_debt_wei:
+            return (True, f"Balanced debt by repaying {repaid / 10**18:.6f} WETH")
+
+        # Step 4: Unlend USDC collateral, swap to WETH, and repay
+        remaining_to_repay = excess_debt_wei - repaid
+        remaining_value = (remaining_to_repay / 10**weth_decimals) * weth_price
+
+        usdc_withdraw_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.max_withdrawable_mtoken(
+            mtoken=M_USDC
+        )
+        if usdc_withdraw_result[0]:
+            withdraw_info = usdc_withdraw_result[1]
+            underlying_raw = withdraw_info.get("underlying_raw", 0)
+
+            usdc_price, usdc_decimals = await self._get_token_data(USDC_TOKEN_ID)
+            usdc_value = (underlying_raw / 10**usdc_decimals) * usdc_price
+
+            if usdc_value > self.min_withdraw_usd:
+                # Calculate how much USDC to unlock
+                needed_usdc_value = min(remaining_value * 1.02, usdc_value)  # 2% buffer
+                needed_usdc = int(needed_usdc_value / usdc_price * 10**usdc_decimals)
+                mtoken_amt = self._mtoken_amount_for_underlying(
+                    withdraw_info, needed_usdc
+                )
+
+                try:
+                    success, _ = await self.moonwell_adapter.unlend(
+                        mtoken=M_USDC, amount=mtoken_amt
+                    )
+                    if success:
+                        # Swap only what we actually have in-wallet (avoid balance-based reverts).
+                        wallet_usdc_after = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                            token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID,
+                            wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address(),
+                        )
+                        amount_to_swap = min(wallet_usdc_after, needed_usdc)
+                        if amount_to_swap <= 0:
+                            raise Exception("No USDC available to swap after unlending")
+                        # Swap USDC to WETH
+                        swap_result = await self._swap_with_retries(
+                            from_token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID,
+                            to_token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                            amount=amount_to_swap,
+                        )
+                        if swap_result:
+                            weth_after = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                                token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                                wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address(),
+                            )
+                            repay_amt = min(weth_after, excess_debt_wei - repaid)
+                            if repay_amt > 0:
+                                repay_success, _ = await self.moonwell_adapter.repay(
+                                    mtoken=M_WETH,
+                                    underlying_token=WETH,
+                                    amount=repay_amt,
+                                )
+                                if repay_success:
+                                    repaid += repay_amt
+                                    logger.info(
+                                        f"Unlent USDC, swapped and repaid {repay_amt / 10**18:.6f} WETH"
+                                    )
+                except SwapOutcomeUnknownError as exc:
+                    return (
+                        False,
+                        f"Swap outcome unknown while unlocking USDC for repayment: {exc}",
+                    )
+                except Exception as e:
+                    logger.warning(f"Failed to unlock USDC and swap for repayment: {e}")
+
+        if repaid >= excess_debt_wei * 0.95:  # Allow 5% tolerance
+            return (True, f"Balanced debt by repaying {repaid / 10**18:.6f} WETH")
+
+        return (
+            False,
+            f"Could only repay {repaid / 10**18:.6f} of {excess_debt_wei / 10**18:.6f} excess WETH debt",
+        )
+
+    async def _complete_unpaired_weth_borrow(self) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+        """If we have WETH debt but insufficient wstETH collateral, try to complete the loop.
+
+        This is the common "failed swap" recovery state:
+        - Debt exists on Moonwell (borrowed WETH),
+        - wstETH collateral is missing/low,
+        - The borrowed value is still sitting in the wallet as WETH and/or native ETH.
+
+        We prefer swapping wallet WETH → wstETH and lending it (to restore the intended position)
+        before considering debt repayment.
+        """
+        # Read positions
+        wsteth_pos_result, weth_pos_result = await asyncio.gather(
+            self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WSTETH),
+            self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WETH),
+        )
+        if not weth_pos_result[0]:
+            return (True, "No WETH debt to complete")
+
+        weth_debt = int((weth_pos_result[1] or {}).get("borrow_balance", 0) or 0)
+        if weth_debt <= 0:
+            return (True, "No WETH debt to complete")
+
+        wsteth_underlying = 0
+        if wsteth_pos_result[0]:
+            wsteth_underlying = int(
+                (wsteth_pos_result[1] or {}).get("underlying_balance", 0) or 0
+            )
+
+        # Determine whether we're meaningfully unpaired.
+        # Prefer price-based comparison, but allow a strict fallback for the common case:
+        # wstETH collateral is literally 0 after a failed swap.
+        wsteth_price, wsteth_decimals = await self._get_token_data(WSTETH_TOKEN_ID)
+        weth_price, weth_decimals = await self._get_token_data(WETH_TOKEN_ID)
+
+        deficit_usd: float | None = None
+        if wsteth_price and wsteth_price > 0 and weth_price and weth_price > 0:
+            wsteth_value = (wsteth_underlying / 10**wsteth_decimals) * wsteth_price
+            weth_debt_value = (weth_debt / 10**weth_decimals) * weth_price
+            deficit_usd = weth_debt_value - wsteth_value
+
+            # Small deficits are just rounding; ignore.
+            if deficit_usd <= max(1.0, float(self.min_withdraw_usd)):
+                return (True, "wstETH collateral already roughly matches WETH debt")
+        elif wsteth_underlying > 0:
+            # If we already have some wstETH collateral but cannot price it, don't guess.
+            return (True, "Price unavailable; skipping unpaired borrow completion")
+
+        strategy_address = self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+
+        # Check for loose wstETH first - lend it before swapping anything
+        wallet_wsteth = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+        )
+        if wallet_wsteth > 0:
+            logger.info(
+                f"Found {wallet_wsteth / 10**18:.6f} loose wstETH in wallet, lending first"
+            )
+            lend_success, lend_msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.lend(
+                mtoken=M_WSTETH,
+                underlying_token=WSTETH,
+                amount=int(wallet_wsteth),
+            )
+            if lend_success:
+                # Recalculate deficit after lending
+                wsteth_pos_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WSTETH)
+                if wsteth_pos_result[0]:
+                    wsteth_underlying = int(
+                        (wsteth_pos_result[1] or {}).get("underlying_balance", 0) or 0
+                    )
+                    if (
+                        wsteth_price
+                        and wsteth_price > 0
+                        and weth_price
+                        and weth_price > 0
+                    ):
+                        wsteth_value = (
+                            wsteth_underlying / 10**wsteth_decimals
+                        ) * wsteth_price
+                        weth_debt_value = (weth_debt / 10**weth_decimals) * weth_price
+                        deficit_usd = weth_debt_value - wsteth_value
+                        if deficit_usd <= max(1.0, float(self.min_withdraw_usd)):
+                            return (
+                                True,
+                                "Loose wstETH lent; collateral now matches debt",
+                            )
+            else:
+                logger.warning(f"Failed to lend loose wstETH: {lend_msg}")
+
+        wallet_weth = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+        )
+        wallet_eth = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=ETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+        )
+
+        gas_reserve = int(self.WRAP_GAS_RESERVE * 10**18)
+        usable_eth = max(0, wallet_eth - gas_reserve)
+
+        # Target WETH input needed.
+        # If we couldn't price, fall back to swapping up to the debt amount when collateral is 0.
+        if deficit_usd is None:
+            target_weth_in = int(weth_debt)
+        else:
+            # Add 0.5% buffer for slippage/fees, but never exceed debt.
+            target_weth_in = (
+                int(deficit_usd / weth_price * 10**weth_decimals / (1 - 0.005)) + 1
+            )
+            target_weth_in = min(int(target_weth_in), int(weth_debt))
+
+        available_weth_like = int(wallet_weth) + int(usable_eth)
+        if available_weth_like <= 0:
+            return (False, "No wallet WETH/ETH available to complete the loop")
+
+        amount_to_source = min(int(target_weth_in), int(available_weth_like))
+        if amount_to_source <= 0:
+            return (True, "No meaningful WETH amount available to swap to wstETH")
+
+        wsteth_before = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+        )
+
+        remaining = int(amount_to_source)
+
+        # Swap wallet WETH first (ERC20 path).
+        # Prefer enso/aerodrome for WETH→wstETH - LiFi gets bad fills
+        weth_to_swap = min(int(wallet_weth), int(remaining))
+        if weth_to_swap > 0:
+            swap_res = await self._swap_with_retries(
+                from_token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                to_token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                amount=weth_to_swap,
+                preferred_providers=["aerodrome", "enso"],
+            )
+            if swap_res is None:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "WETH→wstETH swap failed during unpaired borrow completion"
+                )
+            remaining -= int(weth_to_swap)
+
+        # Then swap native ETH (borrowed WETH often arrives as ETH on Base in practice).
+        # Prefer enso/aerodrome for ETH→wstETH - LiFi gets bad fills
+        eth_to_swap = min(int(usable_eth), int(remaining))
+        if eth_to_swap > 0:
+            swap_res = await self._swap_with_retries(
+                from_token_id=ETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                to_token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                amount=eth_to_swap,
+                preferred_providers=["aerodrome", "enso"],
+            )
+            if swap_res is None:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "ETH→wstETH swap failed during unpaired borrow completion"
+                )
+
+        wsteth_after = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+        )
+        received = max(0, int(wsteth_after) - int(wsteth_before))
+        if received <= 0:
+            return (
+                False,
+                "Swap to wstETH produced no wstETH; will fall back to debt balancing",
+            )
+
+        success, msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.lend(
+            mtoken=M_WSTETH,
+            underlying_token=WSTETH,
+            amount=received,
+        )
+        if not success:
+            return (False, f"Lending wstETH failed: {msg}")
+
+        await self.moonwell_adapter.set_collateral(mtoken=M_WSTETH)
+        return (
+            True,
+            f"Completed unpaired borrow by lending {received / 10**18:.6f} wstETH",
+        )
+
+    async def _convert_excess_eth_to_usdc(self) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+        """Convert excess native ETH (above MIN_GAS) into USDC to be redeployed."""
+        strategy_address = self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+        eth_bal = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=ETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+        )
+
+        keep_wei = int(self.MIN_GAS * 10**18)
+        excess = int(eth_bal) - int(keep_wei)
+        # Avoid dust conversions; 0.001 ETH is already plenty of gas on Base.
+        min_excess = int(0.001 * 10**18)
+        if excess <= min_excess:
+            return (True, "No excess ETH to convert")
+
+        # Wrap excess ETH to WETH (so swaps are ERC20-based and allowance-friendly).
+        weth_before = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+        )
+        wrap_success, wrap_msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.wrap_eth(amount=excess)
+        if not wrap_success:
+            return (False, f"Wrap ETH→WETH failed: {wrap_msg}")
+
+        weth_after = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+        )
+        wrapped = max(0, int(weth_after) - int(weth_before))
+        if wrapped <= 0:
+            return (False, "ETH→WETH wrap produced no WETH")
+
+        swap_result = await self._swap_with_retries(
+            from_token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID,
+            to_token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID,
+            amount=wrapped,
+        )
+        if swap_result is None:
+            return (False, "WETH→USDC swap failed when converting excess ETH")
+
+        return (True, "Converted excess ETH to USDC")
+
+    async def _convert_spot_wsteth_to_usdc(self) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+        """Convert wallet (spot) wstETH into USDC so it can be redeployed.
+
+        This never touches native ETH, so it cannot drain gas.
+        """
+        strategy_address = self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+        wsteth_raw = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+        )
+        if wsteth_raw <= 0:
+            return (True, "No wallet wstETH to convert")
+
+        # Avoid dust conversions.
+        wsteth_price, wsteth_decimals = await self._get_token_data(WSTETH_TOKEN_ID)
+        if not wsteth_price or wsteth_price <= 0:
+            return (True, "wstETH price unavailable; skipping wallet wstETH conversion")
+        usd_value = (wsteth_raw / 10**wsteth_decimals) * wsteth_price
+        if usd_value < float(self.min_withdraw_usd):
+            return (True, "Wallet wstETH below threshold; skipping conversion")
+
+        swap_result = await self._swap_with_retries(
+            from_token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID,
+            to_token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID,
+            amount=int(wsteth_raw),
+        )
+        if swap_result is None:
+            return (False, "wstETH→USDC swap failed")
+
+        return (True, f"Converted wallet wstETH (~${usd_value:.2f}) to USDC")
+
+    async def _sweep_token_balances(
+        self,
+        target_token_id: str,
+        exclude: set[str] | None = None,
+        min_usd_value: float = 1.0,
+    ) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+        """Sweep miscellaneous tokens above min_usd_value to target token."""
+        if exclude is None:
+            exclude = set()
+
+        # Always exclude gas token and target
+        exclude.add(ETH_TOKEN_ID)
+        exclude.add(target_token_id)
+
+        tokens_to_check = [USDC_TOKEN_ID, WETH_TOKEN_ID, WSTETH_TOKEN_ID, WELL_TOKEN_ID]
+        total_swept_usd = 0.0
+        swept_count = 0
+
+        for token_id in tokens_to_check:
+            if token_id in exclude:
+                continue
+
+            balance = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                token_id=token_id, wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+            )
+            if balance <= 0:
+                continue
+
+            price, decimals = await self._get_token_data(token_id)
+            usd_value = (balance / 10**decimals) * price
+
+            if usd_value < min_usd_value:
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                swap_result = await self._swap_with_retries(
+                    from_token_id=token_id,
+                    to_token_id=target_token_id,
+                    amount=balance,
+                )
+                if swap_result:
+                    total_swept_usd += usd_value
+                    swept_count += 1
+                    logger.info(
+                        f"Swept {balance / 10**decimals:.6f} {token_id} "
+                        f"(${usd_value:.2f}) to {target_token_id}"
+                    )
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning(f"Failed to sweep {token_id}: {e}")
+
+        if swept_count == 0:
+            return (True, "No tokens to sweep")
+
+        return (True, f"Swept {swept_count} tokens totaling ${total_swept_usd:.2f}")
+
+    async def deposit(
+        self, main_token_amount: float = 0.0, gas_token_amount: float = 0.0
+    ) -> StatusTuple:
+        """Deposit USDC and execute leverage loop."""
+        self._clear_price_cache()
+
+        # Validate deposit amount is positive
+        if main_token_amount <= 0:
+            return (False, "Deposit amount must be positive")
+
+        # Check quote profitability
+        success, message = await self._check_quote_profitability()
+        if not success:
+            return (False, message)
+
+        # Validate USDC deposit amount
+        success, message, validated_amount = await self._validate_usdc_deposit(
+            main_token_amount
+        )
+        if not success:
+            return (False, message)
+        usdc_amount = validated_amount
+
+        # Validate gas balance
+        success, message = await self._validate_gas_balance()
+        if not success:
+            return (False, message)
+
+        # Transfer gas to vault wallet first (if this fails, USDC stays in main wallet)
+        success, message = await self._transfer_gas_to_vault()
+        if not success:
+            return (False, message)
+
+        # Transfer USDC to vault wallet
+        success, message = await self._transfer_usdc_to_vault(usdc_amount)
+        if not success:
+            return (False, message)
+
+        # Execute the leverage loop via update
+        return await self.update()
+
+    async def _get_collateral_factors(self) -> tuple[float, float]:
+        """Fetch both collateral factors (USDC and wstETH), using adapter cache.
+
+        Returns (cf_usdc, cf_wsteth).
+        """
+        cf_u_result, cf_w_result = await asyncio.gather(
+            self.moonwell_adapter.get_collateral_factor(mtoken=M_USDC),
+            self.moonwell_adapter.get_collateral_factor(mtoken=M_WSTETH),
+        )
+        cf_u = cf_u_result[1] if cf_u_result[0] else 0.0
+        cf_w = cf_w_result[1] if cf_w_result[0] else 0.0
+        return cf_u, cf_w
+
+    async def _get_current_leverage(
+        self,
+        positions: tuple[dict, dict] | None = None,
+    ) -> tuple[float, float, float]:
+        """Returns (usdc_lend_value, wsteth_lend_value, current_leverage).
+
+        Args:
+            positions: Optional (total_bals, total_usd_bals) from _aggregate_positions().
+                       If provided, skips position fetches.
+        """
+        # Use provided positions or fetch them
+        if positions is not None:
+            _total_bals, totals_usd = positions
+            usdc_key = f"Base_{M_USDC}"
+            wsteth_key = f"Base_{M_WSTETH}"
+            usdc_lend_value = float(totals_usd.get(usdc_key, 0.0))
+            wsteth_lend_value = float(totals_usd.get(wsteth_key, 0.0))
+        else:
+            wsteth_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WSTETH)
+            usdc_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_USDC)
+
+            # Get prices/decimals
+            wsteth_price, wsteth_decimals = await self._get_token_data(WSTETH_TOKEN_ID)
+            usdc_price, usdc_decimals = await self._get_token_data(USDC_TOKEN_ID)
+
+            # Calculate wstETH lend value (may not exist yet)
+            wsteth_lend_value = 0.0
+            if wsteth_result[0]:
+                wsteth_pos = wsteth_result[1]
+                wsteth_underlying = wsteth_pos.get("underlying_balance", 0)
+                wsteth_lend_value = (
+                    wsteth_underlying / 10**wsteth_decimals
+                ) * wsteth_price
+
+            # Calculate USDC lend value
+            usdc_lend_value = 0.0
+            if usdc_result[0]:
+                usdc_pos = usdc_result[1]
+                usdc_underlying = usdc_pos.get("underlying_balance", 0)
+                usdc_lend_value = (usdc_underlying / 10**usdc_decimals) * usdc_price
+
+        initial_leverage = (
+            wsteth_lend_value / usdc_lend_value + 1 if usdc_lend_value else 0
+        )
+
+        return (usdc_lend_value, wsteth_lend_value, initial_leverage)
+
+    async def _aggregate_positions(self) -> tuple[dict, dict]:
+        """Aggregate positions from all Moonwell markets. Returns (total_bals, total_usd_bals).
+
+        Note: Position fetches are done sequentially to avoid overwhelming public RPCs
+        with too many parallel requests (each get_pos makes 5 RPC calls).
+        """
+        mtoken_list = [M_USDC, M_WETH, M_WSTETH]
+        underlying_list = [USDC, WETH, WSTETH]
+
+        # Sequential fetch for positions with delays to avoid rate limiting on public RPCs
+        # Each get_pos makes 5 sequential RPC calls; adding delays between positions
+        # helps the rate limiter recover (Base public RPC has aggressive limits)
+        positions = []
+        for mtoken in mtoken_list:
+            pos = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=mtoken)
+            positions.append(pos)
+            await asyncio.sleep(2.0)  # 2s delay between positions for public RPC
+
+        # Token data can be fetched in parallel (uses cache, minimal RPC)
+        token_data = await asyncio.gather(
+            self._get_token_data(USDC_TOKEN_ID),
+            self._get_token_data(WETH_TOKEN_ID),
+            self._get_token_data(WSTETH_TOKEN_ID),
+        )
+
+        total_bals: dict[str, float] = {}
+        total_usd_bals: dict[str, float] = {}
+
+        for i, mtoken in enumerate(mtoken_list):
+            success, pos = positions[i]
+            if not success:
+                logger.warning(f"get_pos failed for {mtoken}: {pos}")
+                continue
+
+            price, decimals = token_data[i]
+            underlying_addr = underlying_list[i]
+
+            underlying_bal = pos.get("underlying_balance", 0)
+            borrow_bal = pos.get("borrow_balance", 0)
+
+            key_mtoken = f"Base_{mtoken}"
+            key_underlying = f"Base_{underlying_addr}"
+
+            # Store underlying as positive if lent
+            if underlying_bal > 0:
+                total_bals[key_mtoken] = underlying_bal
+                total_usd_bals[key_mtoken] = (underlying_bal / 10**decimals) * price
+
+            # Store borrow as negative
+            if borrow_bal > 0:
+                total_bals[key_underlying] = -borrow_bal
+                total_usd_bals[key_underlying] = -(borrow_bal / 10**decimals) * price
+
+        return total_bals, total_usd_bals
+
+    async def compute_ltv(
+        self,
+        total_usd_bals: dict,
+        collateral_factors: tuple[float, float] | None = None,
+    ) -> float:
+        """Compute loan-to-value ratio.
+
+        LTV = Debt / (cf_u * C_u + cf_s * C_s)
+
+        Args:
+            total_usd_bals: USD balances from _aggregate_positions().
+            collateral_factors: Optional (cf_usdc, cf_wsteth) tuple.
+                                If provided, skips collateral factor fetches.
+        """
+        # Get debt (WETH borrow)
+        weth_key = f"Base_{WETH}"
+        debt_usd = abs(float(total_usd_bals.get(weth_key, 0.0)))
+
+        # Get collateral values
+        usdc_key = f"Base_{M_USDC}"
+        wsteth_key = f"Base_{M_WSTETH}"
+        usdc_collateral = float(total_usd_bals.get(usdc_key, 0.0))
+        wsteth_collateral = float(total_usd_bals.get(wsteth_key, 0.0))
+
+        # Use provided collateral factors or fetch them
+        if collateral_factors is not None:
+            cf_u, cf_s = collateral_factors
+        else:
+            cf_u, cf_s = await self._get_collateral_factors()
+
+        capacity = cf_u * usdc_collateral + cf_s * wsteth_collateral
+
+        if capacity <= 0:
+            return float("nan")
+
+        return debt_usd / capacity
+
+    async def _can_withdraw_token(
+        self,
+        total_usd_bals: dict[str, float],
+        withdraw_token_id: str,
+        withdraw_token_usd_val: float,
+        *,
+        collateral_factors: tuple[float, float] | None = None,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Simulate withdrawing collateral and check resulting HF stays >= MIN_HEALTH_FACTOR."""
+        current_val = float(total_usd_bals.get(withdraw_token_id, 0.0))
+        if withdraw_token_usd_val <= 0:
+            return True
+        if withdraw_token_usd_val > current_val:
+            return False
+
+        simulated_bals = dict(total_usd_bals)
+        simulated_bals[withdraw_token_id] = current_val - withdraw_token_usd_val
+
+        new_ltv = await self.compute_ltv(simulated_bals, collateral_factors)
+        if new_ltv == 0:
+            return True
+        if not new_ltv or new_ltv != new_ltv:
+            return False
+
+        new_hf = 1.0 / new_ltv
+        return new_hf >= self.MIN_HEALTH_FACTOR
+
+    async def _get_steth_apy(self) -> float | None:
+        """Fetch wstETH APY from Lido API."""
+        url = "https://eth-api.lido.fi/v1/protocol/steth/apr/sma"
+        try:
+            async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=60) as client:
+                r = await client.get(url)
+                r.raise_for_status()
+                data = r.json()
+
+            apy = data.get("data", {}).get("smaApr", None)
+            if apy:
+                return apy / 100
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.warning(f"Failed to fetch stETH APY: {e}")
+        return None
+
+    async def quote(self) -> dict:
+        """Calculate projected APY for the strategy."""
+        # Get APYs and collateral factors in parallel
+        (
+            usdc_apy_result,
+            weth_apy_result,
+            wsteth_apy,
+            cf_u_result,
+            cf_w_result,
+        ) = await asyncio.gather(
+            self.moonwell_adapter.get_apy(mtoken=M_USDC, apy_type="supply"),
+            self.moonwell_adapter.get_apy(mtoken=M_WETH, apy_type="borrow"),
+            self._get_steth_apy(),
+            self.moonwell_adapter.get_collateral_factor(mtoken=M_USDC),
+            self.moonwell_adapter.get_collateral_factor(mtoken=M_WSTETH),
+        )
+
+        usdc_lend_apy = usdc_apy_result[1] if usdc_apy_result[0] else 0.0
+        weth_borrow_apy = weth_apy_result[1] if weth_apy_result[0] else 0.0
+        wsteth_lend_apy = wsteth_apy or 0.0
+
+        if not wsteth_lend_apy:
+            return {
+                "apy": 0,
+                "information": "Failed to get Lido wstETH APY",
+                "data": {},
+            }
+
+        cf_u = cf_u_result[1] if cf_u_result[0] else 0.0
+        cf_w = cf_w_result[1] if cf_w_result[0] else 0.0
+
+        if not cf_u or cf_u <= 0:
+            return {"apy": 0, "information": "Invalid collateral factor", "data": {}}
+
+        # Calculate target borrow and leverage
+        denominator = self.MIN_HEALTH_FACTOR - cf_w
+        if denominator <= 0:
+            return {"apy": 0, "information": "Invalid health factor params", "data": {}}
+        target_borrow = cf_u / denominator
+        total_apy = target_borrow * (wsteth_lend_apy - weth_borrow_apy) + usdc_lend_apy
+        total_leverage = target_borrow + 1
+
+        return {
+            "apy": total_apy,
+            "information": f"Strategy would return {total_apy * 100:.2f}% APY with leverage of {total_leverage:.2f}x",
+            "data": {
+                "rates": {
+                    "usdc_lend": usdc_lend_apy,
+                    "wsteth_lend": wsteth_lend_apy,
+                    "weth_borrow": weth_borrow_apy,
+                },
+                "leverage_achievable": total_leverage,
+                "apy_achievable": total_apy,
+            },
+        }
+
+    async def _atomic_deposit_iteration(self, borrow_amt_wei: int) -> int:
+        """One atomic iteration: borrow WETH → swap wstETH → lend. Returns wstETH lent."""
+        safe_borrow_amt = int(borrow_amt_wei * COLLATERAL_SAFETY_FACTOR)
+        strategy_address = self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+
+        # Snapshot balances so we can detect whether the borrow surfaced as native ETH or WETH.
+        # (On Base, some integrations auto-unwrap borrowed WETH to native ETH.)
+        eth_before, weth_before = await asyncio.gather(
+            self._get_balance_raw(
+                token_id=ETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+            ),
+            self._get_balance_raw(
+                token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+            ),
+        )
+
+        # Step 1: Borrow (debt is WETH-denominated)
+        success, borrow_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.borrow(
+            mtoken=M_WETH, amount=safe_borrow_amt
+        )
+        if not success:
+            raise Exception(f"Borrow failed: {borrow_result}")
+
+        # Extract block number from transaction result for block-pinned reads
+        tx_block: int | None = None
+        if isinstance(borrow_result, dict):
+            tx_block = borrow_result.get("block_number") or (
+                borrow_result.get("receipt", {}).get("blockNumber")
+            )
+
+        logger.info(
+            f"Borrowed {safe_borrow_amt / 10**18:.6f} WETH (may arrive as ETH) "
+            f"in block {tx_block}"
+        )
+
+        # Use block-pinned reads to check balances at the transaction's block
+        # This avoids stale reads from RPC indexing lag on L2s like Base
+        eth_delta = 0
+        weth_delta = 0
+        eth_after = 0
+        weth_after = 0
+        for attempt in range(5):
+            if attempt > 0:
+                # Exponential backoff: 1, 2, 4, 8 seconds
+                await asyncio.sleep(2 ** (attempt - 1))
+
+            # Read at the specific block where the borrow occurred
+            eth_after, weth_after = await asyncio.gather(
+                self._get_balance_raw(
+                    token_id=ETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                    wallet_address=strategy_address,
+                    block_identifier=tx_block,
+                ),
+                self._get_balance_raw(
+                    token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                    wallet_address=strategy_address,
+                    block_identifier=tx_block,
+                ),
+            )
+
+            eth_delta = max(0, int(eth_after) - int(eth_before))
+            weth_delta = max(0, int(weth_after) - int(weth_before))
+
+            if eth_delta > 0 or weth_delta > 0:
+                break
+            logger.debug(
+                f"Balance check attempt {attempt + 1} at block {tx_block}: "
+                f"no delta detected yet, retrying..."
+            )
+
+        gas_reserve = int(self.WRAP_GAS_RESERVE * 10**18)
+        # Usable ETH is the minimum of what we received (eth_delta) and what's available after gas reserve
+        usable_eth = min(eth_delta, max(0, int(eth_after) - gas_reserve))
+
+        logger.debug(
+            f"Post-borrow balances: ETH delta={eth_delta / 10**18:.6f}, "
+            f"WETH delta={weth_delta / 10**18:.6f}, usable_eth={usable_eth / 10**18:.6f}"
+        )
+
+        # Always swap WETH (not ETH directly) - ETH swaps get bad fills.
+        # If borrow arrived as native ETH, wrap it first.
+        weth_bal = int(weth_after)
+
+        if eth_delta > 0 and usable_eth > 0:
+            # Borrow arrived as native ETH - wrap it first
+            wrap_amt = min(int(safe_borrow_amt), int(usable_eth))
+            logger.info(
+                f"Borrow arrived as native ETH, wrapping {wrap_amt / 10**18:.6f} ETH to WETH"
+            )
+            wrap_success, wrap_msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.wrap_eth(
+                amount=wrap_amt
+            )
+            if not wrap_success:
+                raise Exception(f"Wrap ETH→WETH failed: {wrap_msg}")
+            # WETH wrapping is 1:1, so we know exactly how much we have now
+            # (avoids stale RPC reads after the wrap tx)
+            weth_bal = int(weth_after) + wrap_amt
+            logger.info(f"Post-wrap WETH balance (calculated): {weth_bal / 10**18:.6f}")
+        elif weth_delta > 0:
+            logger.info(f"Borrow arrived as WETH: {weth_delta / 10**18:.6f}")
+        elif eth_delta == 0 and weth_delta == 0:
+            # Borrow succeeded but balance reads are stale - assume it arrived as ETH
+            # and try to wrap what we can (this is common on Base L2)
+            available_eth = max(0, int(eth_after) - gas_reserve)
+            if available_eth > 0:
+                wrap_amt = min(int(safe_borrow_amt), available_eth)
+                logger.warning(
+                    f"Balance delta not detected but borrow succeeded. "
+                    f"Assuming ETH arrival, wrapping {wrap_amt / 10**18:.6f} ETH"
+                )
+                wrap_success, wrap_msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.wrap_eth(
+                    amount=wrap_amt
+                )
+                if not wrap_success:
+                    raise Exception(f"Wrap ETH→WETH failed: {wrap_msg}")
+                # WETH wrapping is 1:1, so we know exactly how much we have now
+                weth_bal = int(weth_after) + wrap_amt
+                logger.info(
+                    f"Post-wrap WETH balance (calculated): {weth_bal / 10**18:.6f}"
+                )
+
+        amount_to_swap = min(int(safe_borrow_amt), int(weth_bal))
+
+        if amount_to_swap <= 0:
+            raise Exception(
+                f"No WETH available to swap after borrowing (weth_bal={weth_bal})"
+            )
+
+        # Step 2: Swap WETH to wstETH with retries
+        # Prefer enso/aerodrome for WETH→wstETH - LiFi gets bad fills
+        swap_result = await self._swap_with_retries(
+            from_token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID,
+            to_token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID,
+            amount=amount_to_swap,
+            preferred_providers=["aerodrome", "enso"],
+        )
+        if swap_result is None:
+            # Roll back: repay the borrowed amount to remain delta-neutral.
+            try:
+                # Prefer repaying directly with the borrowed WETH.
+                weth_bal = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                    token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+                )
+
+                wrap_amt = 0
+                if weth_bal < safe_borrow_amt:
+                    # If the borrow surfaced as native ETH (or WETH was otherwise reduced),
+                    # attempt to wrap ETH for the shortfall while preserving gas.
+                    eth_bal = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                        token_id=ETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+                    )
+                    gas_reserve = int(self.WRAP_GAS_RESERVE * 10**18)
+                    available_for_wrap = max(0, eth_bal - gas_reserve)
+                    shortfall = safe_borrow_amt - weth_bal
+                    wrap_amt = min(shortfall, available_for_wrap)
+                    if wrap_amt > 0:
+                        wrap_success, wrap_msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.wrap_eth(
+                            amount=wrap_amt
+                        )
+                        if not wrap_success:
+                            raise Exception(f"Wrap ETH→WETH failed: {wrap_msg}")
+
+                        weth_bal = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                            token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+                        )
+
+                repay_amt = min(safe_borrow_amt, weth_bal)
+                if repay_amt <= 0:
+                    raise Exception("No WETH available to repay the borrow")
+
+                repay_success, repay_msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.repay(
+                    mtoken=M_WETH,
+                    underlying_token=WETH,
+                    amount=repay_amt,
+                )
+                if not repay_success:
+                    raise Exception(f"Repay failed: {repay_msg}")
+
+                if repay_amt < safe_borrow_amt:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        f"Swap failed; only repaid {repay_amt / 10**18:.6f} of "
+                        f"{safe_borrow_amt / 10**18:.6f} WETH. Position may be imbalanced."
+                    )
+                else:
+                    logger.warning("Swap failed after retries. Borrow undone.")
+            except Exception as repay_exc:
+                raise Exception(
+                    f"Swap failed after retries and reverting borrow failed: {repay_exc}. "
+                    "Position may no longer be delta-neutral!"
+                ) from repay_exc
+            raise Exception("Atomic deposit failed at swap step after all retries")
+
+        # Parse to_amount from swap result (may be int or string)
+        raw_to_amount = (
+            swap_result.get("to_amount", 0) if isinstance(swap_result, dict) else 0
+        )
+        try:
+            to_amount_wei = int(raw_to_amount) if raw_to_amount else 0
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            to_amount_wei = 0
+
+        # Get actual wstETH balance
+        wsteth_success, wsteth_bal_raw = await self.balance_adapter.get_balance(
+            token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+        )
+        if not wsteth_success:
+            raise Exception("Failed to get wstETH balance after swap")
+        wsteth_bal = self._parse_balance(wsteth_bal_raw)
+
+        # Use the smaller of balance check and swap result to avoid over-lending
+        lend_amt_wei = (
+            min(to_amount_wei, wsteth_bal) if wsteth_bal > 0 else to_amount_wei
+        )
+
+        # If swap produced 0 wstETH, rollback the borrow
+        if lend_amt_wei <= 0:
+            logger.warning("Swap resulted in 0 wstETH. Rolling back borrow...")
+            try:
+                # Get WETH balance to repay (swap may have returned WETH or nothing)
+                weth_bal = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                    token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+                )
+                if weth_bal > 0:
+                    repay_amt = min(weth_bal, safe_borrow_amt)
+                    await self.moonwell_adapter.repay(
+                        mtoken=M_WETH,
+                        underlying_token=WETH,
+                        amount=repay_amt,
+                    )
+                    logger.info(f"Rolled back: repaid {repay_amt / 10**18:.6f} WETH")
+            except Exception as rollback_exc:
+                raise Exception(
+                    f"Swap produced 0 wstETH and rollback failed: {rollback_exc}. "
+                    "Position may have excess WETH debt!"
+                ) from rollback_exc
+            raise Exception(
+                "Swap resulted in 0 wstETH to lend. Borrow was rolled back."
+            )
+
+        # Step 3: Lend wstETH
+        mwsteth_before = 0
+        minted_mwsteth = 0
+        try:
+            mwsteth_pos_before = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WSTETH)
+            if mwsteth_pos_before[0] and isinstance(mwsteth_pos_before[1], dict):
+                mwsteth_before = int(
+                    (mwsteth_pos_before[1] or {}).get("mtoken_balance", 0) or 0
+                )
+        except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+            mwsteth_before = 0
+
+        try:
+            success, msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.lend(
+                mtoken=M_WSTETH,
+                underlying_token=WSTETH,
+                amount=lend_amt_wei,
+            )
+            if not success:
+                raise Exception(f"Lend failed: {msg}")
+
+            # Track minted mTokens so we can redeem the correct amount on rollback.
+            try:
+                mwsteth_pos_after = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WSTETH)
+                if mwsteth_pos_after[0] and isinstance(mwsteth_pos_after[1], dict):
+                    mwsteth_after = int(
+                        (mwsteth_pos_after[1] or {}).get("mtoken_balance", 0) or 0
+                    )
+                    minted_mwsteth = max(0, int(mwsteth_after) - int(mwsteth_before))
+            except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+                minted_mwsteth = 0
+
+            set_coll_success, set_coll_msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.set_collateral(
+                mtoken=M_WSTETH
+            )
+            if not set_coll_success:
+                # Must redeem mTokens (not underlying) since wstETH is now in protocol, not wallet.
+                to_redeem = minted_mwsteth
+                if to_redeem <= 0:
+                    # Fallback: redeem whatever balance we can see (best-effort).
+                    mwsteth_pos = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WSTETH)
+                    if mwsteth_pos[0] and isinstance(mwsteth_pos[1], dict):
+                        to_redeem = int(
+                            (mwsteth_pos[1] or {}).get("mtoken_balance", 0) or 0
+                        )
+                if to_redeem > 0:
+                    await self.moonwell_adapter.unlend(
+                        mtoken=M_WSTETH, amount=to_redeem
+                    )
+                raise Exception(
+                    f"set_collateral failed: {set_coll_msg}. Lend reversed."
+                )
+            logger.info(f"Lent {lend_amt_wei / 10**18:.6f} wstETH")
+
+        except Exception as lend_exc:
+            # Roll back: swap wstETH back to WETH and repay (only if we have wstETH)
+            try:
+                # Ensure wstETH is in the wallet (redeem minted mwstETH if needed).
+                rollback_wsteth = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                    token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+                )
+                if rollback_wsteth <= 0 and minted_mwsteth > 0:
+                    await self.moonwell_adapter.unlend(
+                        mtoken=M_WSTETH, amount=minted_mwsteth
+                    )
+                    rollback_wsteth = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                        token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+                    )
+
+                if rollback_wsteth > 0:
+                    (
+                        revert_success,
+                        revert_result,
+                    ) = await self.brap_adapter.swap_from_token_ids(
+                        from_token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                        to_token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                        from_address=strategy_address,
+                        amount=str(rollback_wsteth),
+                    )
+                    if revert_success and revert_result:
+                        weth_after = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                            token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+                        )
+                        repay_amt = min(weth_after, safe_borrow_amt)
+                        if repay_amt > 0:
+                            await self.moonwell_adapter.repay(
+                                mtoken=M_WETH,
+                                underlying_token=WETH,
+                                amount=repay_amt,
+                            )
+                else:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        f"Lend failed but no wstETH to rollback. Lend error: {lend_exc}"
+                    )
+            except Exception as revert_exc:
+                raise Exception(
+                    f"Lend failed: {lend_exc} and revert failed: {revert_exc}"
+                ) from revert_exc
+            raise Exception(
+                f"Deposit to wstETH failed and was reverted: {lend_exc}"
+            ) from lend_exc
+
+        return lend_amt_wei
+
+    async def partial_liquidate(self, usd_value: float) -> StatusTuple:
+        """Create USDC liquidity in the strategy wallet by safely redeeming collateral."""
+        self._clear_price_cache()
+
+        if usd_value <= 0:
+            raise ValueError(f"usd_value must be positive, got {usd_value}")
+
+        strategy_address = self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+
+        usdc_info = await self._get_token_info(USDC_TOKEN_ID)
+        usdc_decimals = usdc_info.get("decimals", 6)
+
+        # (1) Check current USDC in wallet
+        usdc_raw = await self._get_usdc_balance()
+        current_usdc = usdc_raw / (10**usdc_decimals)
+        if current_usdc >= usd_value:
+            target_raw = int(usd_value * (10**usdc_decimals))
+            available = min(usdc_raw, target_raw) / (10**usdc_decimals)
+            return (
+                True,
+                f"Partial liquidation not needed. Available: {available:.2f} USDC",
+            )
+
+        missing = usd_value - current_usdc
+
+        # (2) Fetch Moonwell positions and collateral factors
+        (_totals_token, total_usd_bals), collateral_factors = await asyncio.gather(
+            self._aggregate_positions(),
+            self._get_collateral_factors(),
+        )
+
+        key_wsteth = f"Base_{M_WSTETH}"
+        key_weth = f"Base_{WETH}"
+        key_usdc = f"Base_{M_USDC}"
+
+        wsteth_usd = float(total_usd_bals.get(key_wsteth, 0.0))
+        weth_debt_usd = abs(float(total_usd_bals.get(key_weth, 0.0)))
+
+        # (2a) If wstETH collateral exceeds WETH debt, redeem some wstETH and swap to USDC
+        if missing > 0 and wsteth_usd > weth_debt_usd:
+            unlend_usd = min(missing, wsteth_usd - weth_debt_usd)
+            if await self._can_withdraw_token(
+                total_usd_bals,
+                key_wsteth,
+                unlend_usd,
+                collateral_factors=collateral_factors,
+            ):
+                wsteth_price = await self._get_token_price(WSTETH_TOKEN_ID)
+                if not wsteth_price or wsteth_price <= 0:
+                    return (False, "Invalid wstETH price")
+
+                wsteth_info = await self._get_token_info(WSTETH_TOKEN_ID)
+                wsteth_decimals = wsteth_info.get("decimals", 18)
+
+                token_qty = unlend_usd / wsteth_price
+                unlend_underlying_raw = int(token_qty * (10**wsteth_decimals))
+
+                if unlend_underlying_raw > 0:
+                    mwsteth_res = await self.moonwell_adapter.max_withdrawable_mtoken(
+                        mtoken=M_WSTETH
+                    )
+                    if mwsteth_res[0]:
+                        withdraw_info = mwsteth_res[1]
+                        max_ctokens = int(withdraw_info.get("cTokens_raw", 0))
+                        exchange_rate_raw = int(
+                            withdraw_info.get("exchangeRate_raw", 0)
+                        )
+                        conversion_factor = float(
+                            withdraw_info.get("conversion_factor", 0) or 0
+                        )
+
+                        if max_ctokens > 0:
+                            if exchange_rate_raw > 0:
+                                # underlying = cTokens * exchangeRate / 1e18
+                                ctokens_needed = (
+                                    unlend_underlying_raw * 10**18
+                                    + exchange_rate_raw
+                                    - 1
+                                ) // exchange_rate_raw
+                            elif conversion_factor > 0:
+                                ctokens_needed = (
+                                    int(conversion_factor * unlend_underlying_raw) + 1
+                                )
+                            else:
+                                ctokens_needed = max_ctokens
+
+                            ctokens_to_redeem = min(int(ctokens_needed), max_ctokens)
+                            if ctokens_to_redeem > 0:
+                                success, msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.unlend(
+                                    mtoken=M_WSTETH, amount=ctokens_to_redeem
+                                )
+                                if not success:
+                                    return (
+                                        False,
+                                        f"Failed to redeem mwstETH for partial liquidation: {msg}",
+                                    )
+
+                                # Swap withdrawn wstETH → USDC
+                                wsteth_wallet_raw = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                                    token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                                    wallet_address=strategy_address,
+                                )
+                                amount_to_swap = min(
+                                    wsteth_wallet_raw, unlend_underlying_raw
+                                )
+                                if amount_to_swap > 0:
+                                    swap_res = await self._swap_with_retries(
+                                        from_token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                                        to_token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID,
+                                        amount=amount_to_swap,
+                                    )
+                                    if swap_res is None:
+                                        # Restore collateral if swap fails
+                                        restore_amt = min(
+                                            amount_to_swap, wsteth_wallet_raw
+                                        )
+                                        if restore_amt > 0:
+                                            await self.moonwell_adapter.lend(
+                                                mtoken=M_WSTETH,
+                                                underlying_token=WSTETH,
+                                                amount=restore_amt,
+                                            )
+                                            await self.moonwell_adapter.set_collateral(
+                                                mtoken=M_WSTETH
+                                            )
+
+        # (3) Re-check wallet USDC balance
+        usdc_raw = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+        )
+        current_usdc = usdc_raw / (10**usdc_decimals)
+
+        # (4) If still short, redeem USDC collateral directly
+        if current_usdc < usd_value:
+            # Refresh Moonwell balances after any prior redemptions/swaps.
+            (_totals_token, total_usd_bals) = await self._aggregate_positions()
+
+            missing_usdc = usd_value - current_usdc
+            available_usdc = float(total_usd_bals.get(key_usdc, 0.0))
+
+            if missing_usdc > 0 and available_usdc > 0:
+                unlend_usdc = min(missing_usdc, available_usdc)
+                if await self._can_withdraw_token(
+                    total_usd_bals,
+                    key_usdc,
+                    unlend_usdc,
+                    collateral_factors=collateral_factors,
+                ):
+                    unlend_underlying_raw = int(unlend_usdc * (10**usdc_decimals))
+                    if unlend_underlying_raw > 0:
+                        musdc_res = await self.moonwell_adapter.max_withdrawable_mtoken(
+                            mtoken=M_USDC
+                        )
+                        if not musdc_res[0]:
+                            return (
+                                False,
+                                f"Failed to compute withdrawable mUSDC: {musdc_res[1]}",
+                            )
+                        withdraw_info = musdc_res[1]
+                        max_ctokens = int(withdraw_info.get("cTokens_raw", 0))
+                        exchange_rate_raw = int(
+                            withdraw_info.get("exchangeRate_raw", 0)
+                        )
+                        conversion_factor = float(
+                            withdraw_info.get("conversion_factor", 0) or 0
+                        )
+
+                        if max_ctokens > 0:
+                            if exchange_rate_raw > 0:
+                                ctokens_needed = (
+                                    unlend_underlying_raw * 10**18
+                                    + exchange_rate_raw
+                                    - 1
+                                ) // exchange_rate_raw
+                            elif conversion_factor > 0:
+                                ctokens_needed = (
+                                    int(conversion_factor * unlend_underlying_raw) + 1
+                                )
+                            else:
+                                ctokens_needed = max_ctokens
+
+                            ctokens_to_redeem = min(int(ctokens_needed), max_ctokens)
+                            if ctokens_to_redeem > 0:
+                                success, msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.unlend(
+                                    mtoken=M_USDC, amount=ctokens_to_redeem
+                                )
+                                if not success:
+                                    return (
+                                        False,
+                                        f"Failed to redeem mUSDC for partial liquidation: {msg}",
+                                    )
+
+        # (5) Final available USDC (capped to target)
+        usdc_raw = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=strategy_address
+        )
+        target_raw = int(usd_value * (10**usdc_decimals))
+        final_raw = min(usdc_raw, target_raw)
+
+        if final_raw <= 0:
+            return (False, "Partial liquidation produced no USDC")
+
+        final_usdc = final_raw / (10**usdc_decimals)
+        if final_raw < target_raw:
+            return (
+                True,
+                f"Partial liquidation completed. Available: {final_usdc:.2f} USDC (requested {usd_value:.2f})",
+            )
+        return (
+            True,
+            f"Partial liquidation completed. Available: {final_usdc:.2f} USDC",
+        )
+
+    async def _execute_deposit_loop(self, usdc_amount: float) -> tuple[bool, Any, int]:
+        """Execute the recursive leverage loop."""
+        token_info = await self._get_token_info(USDC_TOKEN_ID)
+        decimals = token_info.get("decimals", 6)
+        initial_deposit = int(usdc_amount * 10**decimals)
+
+        # Fetch prices and collateral factors in parallel (use cache, minimal RPC)
+        wsteth_price, weth_price, collateral_factors = await asyncio.gather(
+            self._get_token_price(WSTETH_TOKEN_ID),
+            self._get_token_price(WETH_TOKEN_ID),
+            self._get_collateral_factors(),
+        )
+
+        # Fetch position separately to avoid overwhelming public RPC
+        weth_pos = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WETH)
+
+        current_borrowed_value = 0.0
+        if weth_pos[0]:
+            borrow_bal = weth_pos[1].get("borrow_balance", 0)
+            current_borrowed_value = (borrow_bal / 10**18) * weth_price
+
+        # Lend USDC and enable as collateral
+        success, msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.lend(
+            mtoken=M_USDC,
+            underlying_token=USDC,
+            amount=initial_deposit,
+        )
+        if not success:
+            return (False, f"Initial USDC lend failed: {msg}", 0)
+
+        await self.moonwell_adapter.set_collateral(mtoken=M_USDC)
+        logger.info(f"Deposited {usdc_amount:.2f} USDC as initial collateral")
+
+        # Get current leverage (positions changed after lend, must re-fetch)
+        (
+            usdc_lend_value,
+            wsteth_lend_value,
+            initial_leverage,
+        ) = await self._get_current_leverage()
+
+        return await self._loop_wsteth(
+            wsteth_price=wsteth_price,
+            weth_price=weth_price,
+            current_borrowed_value=current_borrowed_value,
+            initial_leverage=initial_leverage,
+            usdc_lend_value=usdc_lend_value,
+            wsteth_lend_value=wsteth_lend_value,
+            collateral_factors=collateral_factors,
+        )
+
+    async def _loop_wsteth(
+        self,
+        wsteth_price: float,
+        weth_price: float,
+        current_borrowed_value: float,
+        initial_leverage: float,
+        usdc_lend_value: float,
+        wsteth_lend_value: float,
+        collateral_factors: tuple[float, float] | None = None,
+    ) -> tuple[bool, Any, int]:
+        """Execute leverage loop until target health factor reached.
+
+        Args:
+            collateral_factors: Optional (cf_usdc, cf_wsteth) tuple.
+                                If provided, skips collateral factor fetches.
+        """
+        # Ensure USDC and wstETH markets are entered as collateral before borrowing
+        # This is idempotent - if already entered, Moonwell just returns success
+        if usdc_lend_value > 0:
+            set_coll_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.set_collateral(mtoken=M_USDC)
+            if not set_coll_result[0]:
+                logger.warning(
+                    f"Failed to ensure USDC collateral: {set_coll_result[1]}"
+                )
+                return (
+                    False,
+                    f"Failed to enable USDC as collateral: {set_coll_result[1]}",
+                    0,
+                )
+
+        if wsteth_lend_value > 0:
+            set_coll_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.set_collateral(
+                mtoken=M_WSTETH
+            )
+            if not set_coll_result[0]:
+                logger.warning(
+                    f"Failed to ensure wstETH collateral: {set_coll_result[1]}"
+                )
+                # This is less critical - we can continue if wstETH collateral fails
+
+        # Enter M_WETH market to allow borrowing from it
+        # In Compound v2/Moonwell, you must be in a market to borrow from it
+        # (enterMarkets enables both collateral usage AND borrowing)
+        set_weth_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.set_collateral(mtoken=M_WETH)
+        if not set_weth_result[0]:
+            logger.warning(f"Failed to enter M_WETH market: {set_weth_result[1]}")
+            return (
+                False,
+                f"Failed to enter M_WETH market for borrowing: {set_weth_result[1]}",
+                0,
+            )
+        logger.info("Entered M_WETH market to enable borrowing")
+
+        # Use provided collateral factors or fetch them
+        if collateral_factors is not None:
+            cf_u, cf_w = collateral_factors
+        else:
+            cf_u, cf_w = await self._get_collateral_factors()
+
+        # Calculate depeg-aware max safe leverage fraction
+        max_safe_f = self._max_safe_F(cf_w)
+
+        # Guard against division by zero/negative denominator
+        denominator = self.MIN_HEALTH_FACTOR + 0.001 - cf_w
+        if denominator <= 0:
+            logger.warning(
+                f"Cannot calculate target borrow: cf_w ({cf_w:.3f}) >= MIN_HF ({self.MIN_HEALTH_FACTOR})"
+            )
+            return (False, initial_leverage, -1)
+
+        # Calculate target borrow value
+        target_borrow_value = (
+            usdc_lend_value * cf_u / denominator - current_borrowed_value
+        )
+
+        if target_borrow_value < 0:
+            return (False, initial_leverage, -1)
+
+        # Track wstETH added THIS session (starts at 0), not total position
+        session_wsteth_lend_value = 0.0
+        total_wsteth_lend_value = wsteth_lend_value
+        raw_leverage_limit = (
+            (current_borrowed_value + target_borrow_value) / usdc_lend_value + 1
+            if usdc_lend_value
+            else 0
+        )
+
+        # Apply depeg-aware leverage cap
+        max_safe_leverage = max_safe_f * usdc_lend_value + 1 if usdc_lend_value else 0
+        leverage_limit = min(raw_leverage_limit, max_safe_leverage, self.leverage_limit)
+
+        leverage_tracker: list[float] = [initial_leverage]
+
+        for i in range(self._MAX_LOOP_LIMIT):
+            # Get borrowable amount (returns USD with 18 decimals)
+            borrowable_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_borrowable_amount()
+            if not borrowable_result[0]:
+                logger.warning("Failed to get borrowable amount")
+                break
+
+            if not weth_price or weth_price <= 0:
+                logger.warning("Invalid WETH price; breaking loop")
+                break
+
+            borrowable_usd = self._normalize_usd_value(borrowable_result[1])
+            if borrowable_usd <= self.min_withdraw_usd:
+                logger.info("No additional borrowing possible; breaking loop")
+                break
+
+            weth_info = await self._get_token_info(WETH_TOKEN_ID)
+            weth_decimals = weth_info.get("decimals", 18)
+            # Convert USD to WETH wei: (USD / price) * 10^decimals
+            max_borrow_wei = int(borrowable_usd / weth_price * 10**weth_decimals)
+
+            # remaining_value is how much more we need to borrow/lend THIS session
+            remaining_value = target_borrow_value - session_wsteth_lend_value
+            remaining_wei = int(remaining_value / weth_price * 10**weth_decimals) + 1
+
+            if remaining_value < 2:
+                logger.info(
+                    f"Target reached: borrowed/lent ${session_wsteth_lend_value:.2f} of ${target_borrow_value:.2f} target"
+                )
+                break
+
+            # Scale up for swap slippage
+            optimal_this_iter = int(remaining_wei / (1 - 0.005))
+            borrow_amt_wei = min(optimal_this_iter, max_borrow_wei)
+
+            current_leverage = leverage_tracker[-1]
+            logger.info(
+                f"Current leverage {current_leverage:.2f}x. "
+                f"Borrowing {borrow_amt_wei / 10**weth_decimals:.6f} WETH"
+            )
+
+            try:
+                lend_amt_wei = await self._atomic_deposit_iteration(borrow_amt_wei)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error(f"Deposit iteration aborted: {e}")
+                return (False, f"deposit iteration {i + 1} failed: {e}", i)
+
+            wsteth_info = await self._get_token_info(WSTETH_TOKEN_ID)
+            wsteth_decimals = wsteth_info.get("decimals", 18)
+
+            lend_value_this_iter = wsteth_price * lend_amt_wei / 10**wsteth_decimals
+            session_wsteth_lend_value += lend_value_this_iter
+            total_wsteth_lend_value += lend_value_this_iter
+            leverage_tracker.append(total_wsteth_lend_value / usdc_lend_value + 1)
+
+            # Stop if max leverage or marginal gain < threshold (diminishing returns vs gas cost)
+            if (leverage_tracker[-1] > leverage_limit) or (
+                len(leverage_tracker) > 1
+                and leverage_tracker[-1] / leverage_tracker[-2] - 1
+                < self._MIN_LEVERAGE_GAIN_BPS
+            ):
+                logger.info(
+                    f"Finished loop, final leverage: {leverage_tracker[-1]:.2f}"
+                )
+                break
+
+        if len(leverage_tracker) == 1:
+            return (False, leverage_tracker[-1], 0)
+
+        return (True, leverage_tracker[-1], len(leverage_tracker) - 1)
+
+    async def update(self) -> StatusTuple:
+        """Rebalance positions. Runs deposit loop only if HF > MAX_HEALTH_FACTOR."""
+        self._clear_price_cache()
+
+        # Best-effort top-up if we dipped below MIN_GAS (non-critical).
+        topup_success, topup_msg = await self._transfer_gas_to_vault()
+        if not topup_success:
+            logger.warning(f"Gas top-up failed (non-critical): {topup_msg}")
+
+        gas_amt = await self._get_gas_balance()
+        if gas_amt < int(self.MAINTENANCE_GAS * 10**18):
+            return (
+                False,
+                f"Less than {self.MAINTENANCE_GAS} ETH in strategy wallet. Please transfer more gas.",
+            )
+
+        # Recovery: if a previous loop borrowed WETH but failed to swap/lend, complete it first.
+        try:
+            completed, msg = await self._complete_unpaired_weth_borrow()
+            if not completed:
+                logger.warning(
+                    f"Unpaired borrow completion failed (will continue): {msg}"
+                )
+        except Exception as exc:
+            return (False, f"Failed while completing unpaired borrow: {exc}")
+
+        # Balance WETH debt first (critical for delta-neutrality)
+        balance_success, balance_msg = await self._balance_weth_debt()
+        if not balance_success:
+            return (
+                False,
+                f"Failed to balance WETH debt: {balance_msg}. Consider calling withdraw to unwind safely.",
+            )
+
+        # If we are holding excess native ETH, convert it into USDC so it can be redeployed.
+        try:
+            converted, msg = await self._convert_excess_eth_to_usdc()
+            if not converted:
+                logger.warning(f"Excess ETH conversion failed (non-critical): {msg}")
+        except SwapOutcomeUnknownError as exc:
+            return (False, f"Swap outcome unknown while converting excess ETH: {exc}")
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning(f"Excess ETH conversion raised (non-critical): {exc}")
+
+        # Fetch positions and collateral factors in parallel (single fetch for update)
+        positions_task = self._aggregate_positions()
+        cf_task = self._get_collateral_factors()
+        (totals_token, totals_usd), collateral_factors = await asyncio.gather(
+            positions_task, cf_task
+        )
+
+        # Compute health factor using pre-fetched data
+        ltv = await self.compute_ltv(totals_usd, collateral_factors=collateral_factors)
+        hf = (1 / ltv) if ltv and ltv > 0 and not (ltv != ltv) else float("inf")
+
+        # Check if we need to deleverage
+        if hf < self.MIN_HEALTH_FACTOR:
+            cf_u, cf_w = collateral_factors
+
+            usdc_key = f"Base_{M_USDC}"
+            weth_key = f"Base_{WETH}"
+
+            c_u = totals_usd.get(usdc_key, 0)
+            debt = abs(totals_usd.get(weth_key, 0))
+
+            repay_usd = debt - (cf_u * c_u) / (self.MIN_HEALTH_FACTOR + 1e-4 - cf_w)
+            weth_price = await self._get_token_price(WETH_TOKEN_ID)
+
+            repay_amt = int(repay_usd / weth_price * 10**18) + 1
+            success, msg = await self._repay_debt_loop(target_repaid=repay_amt)
+
+            if not success:
+                return (
+                    False,
+                    f"Health factor is {hf:.2f} which is dangerous. Deleveraging failed: {msg}",
+                )
+            return (success, msg)
+
+        # Claim rewards if above threshold
+        await self.moonwell_adapter.claim_rewards(min_rewards_usd=self.MIN_USDC_DEPOSIT)
+
+        # Check profitability
+        success, msg = await self._check_quote_profitability()
+        if not success:
+            return (False, msg)
+
+        # If we have idle wallet wstETH (spot long), convert it to USDC so it can be redeployed
+        # via the leverage loop. This does not affect native ETH gas.
+        try:
+            converted, conv_msg = await self._convert_spot_wsteth_to_usdc()
+            if not converted:
+                logger.warning(
+                    f"Wallet wstETH conversion failed (non-critical): {conv_msg}"
+                )
+        except SwapOutcomeUnknownError as exc:
+            return (
+                False,
+                f"Swap outcome unknown while converting wallet wstETH: {exc}",
+            )
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning(f"Wallet wstETH conversion raised (non-critical): {exc}")
+
+        # Get USDC balance in wallet
+        usdc_balance_wei = await self._get_usdc_balance()
+        token_info = await self._get_token_info(USDC_TOKEN_ID)
+        decimals = token_info.get("decimals", 6)
+        usdc_balance = usdc_balance_wei / 10**decimals
+
+        # Get lend values from already-fetched aggregate positions
+        usdc_key = f"Base_{M_USDC}"
+        wsteth_key = f"Base_{M_WSTETH}"
+        usdc_lend_value = totals_usd.get(usdc_key, 0)
+        wsteth_lend_value = totals_usd.get(wsteth_key, 0)
+        initial_leverage = (
+            wsteth_lend_value / usdc_lend_value + 1 if usdc_lend_value else 0
+        )
+
+        # If we have meaningful USDC in-wallet, redeploy it regardless of current HF.
+        if usdc_balance >= self.MIN_USDC_DEPOSIT:
+            success, final_leverage, n_loops = await self._execute_deposit_loop(
+                usdc_balance
+            )
+            if not success:
+                return (
+                    False,
+                    f"Redeploy loop failed: {final_leverage} after {n_loops} successful loops",
+                )
+            return (
+                True,
+                f"Redeployed {usdc_balance:.2f} USDC to {final_leverage:.2f}x with {n_loops} loops",
+            )
+
+        # Lever-up when HF is significantly above target (MIN_HEALTH_FACTOR).
+        # Only skip if HF is close enough to target (within HF_LEVER_UP_BUFFER).
+        lever_up_threshold = self.MIN_HEALTH_FACTOR + self.HF_LEVER_UP_BUFFER
+        if hf <= lever_up_threshold:
+            return (
+                True,
+                f"HF={hf:.3f} <= target+buffer({lever_up_threshold:.2f}); no action needed.",
+            )
+
+        # Use 95% threshold to handle rounding/slippage from deposit
+        min_lend_threshold = self.MIN_USDC_DEPOSIT * 0.95
+        if (
+            usdc_balance < self.MIN_USDC_DEPOSIT
+            and usdc_lend_value < min_lend_threshold
+        ):
+            return (
+                False,
+                f"No USDC lent ({usdc_lend_value:.2f}) and not enough in wallet ({usdc_balance:.2f}). Deposit funds.",
+            )
+
+        if usdc_balance < self.MIN_USDC_DEPOSIT:
+            # Lever-up path - use pre-fetched data
+            wsteth_price = await self._get_token_price(WSTETH_TOKEN_ID)
+            weth_price = await self._get_token_price(WETH_TOKEN_ID)
+
+            weth_key = f"Base_{WETH}"
+            current_borrowed_value = abs(totals_usd.get(weth_key, 0))
+
+            success, final_leverage, n_loops = await self._loop_wsteth(
+                wsteth_price=wsteth_price,
+                weth_price=weth_price,
+                current_borrowed_value=current_borrowed_value,
+                initial_leverage=initial_leverage,
+                usdc_lend_value=usdc_lend_value,
+                wsteth_lend_value=wsteth_lend_value,
+                collateral_factors=collateral_factors,
+            )
+            if not success:
+                return (
+                    False,
+                    f"Leverage was {initial_leverage:.2f}x; adjustment failed. "
+                    f"Final: {final_leverage} after {n_loops} loops",
+                )
+            return (
+                True,
+                f"Adjusted leverage from {initial_leverage:.2f}x to {final_leverage:.2f}x "
+                f"via {n_loops} loops",
+            )
+
+        # Full redeposit loop
+        success, final_leverage, n_loops = await self._execute_deposit_loop(
+            usdc_balance
+        )
+        if not success:
+            return (
+                False,
+                f"Loop failed: {final_leverage} after {n_loops} successful loops",
+            )
+        return (
+            True,
+            f"Executed redeposit loop to {final_leverage:.2f}x with {n_loops} loops",
+        )
+
+    async def _repay_debt_loop(
+        self, target_repaid: int | None = None
+    ) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+        """Iteratively repay debt."""
+        total_repaid = 0
+
+        if target_repaid is not None and target_repaid < 0:
+            return (False, "Target repay was negative")
+
+        for _ in range(self._MAX_LOOP_LIMIT * 2):
+            # Get current debt
+            pos_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WETH)
+            if not pos_result[0]:
+                break
+
+            current_debt = pos_result[1].get("borrow_balance", 0)
+            if current_debt < 1:
+                break
+
+            # Attempt repayment
+            try:
+                repaid = await self._safe_repay(current_debt)
+            except SwapOutcomeUnknownError as exc:
+                return (False, f"Swap outcome unknown during debt repayment: {exc}")
+            if repaid == 0:
+                break
+
+            total_repaid += repaid
+
+            if target_repaid is not None and total_repaid >= target_repaid:
+                return (True, f"Repaid {total_repaid} > {target_repaid} target")
+
+        # Check remaining debt
+        pos_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WETH)
+        if not pos_result[0]:
+            return (False, "Failed to check remaining debt after repayment")
+
+        remaining_debt = pos_result[1].get("borrow_balance", 0)
+
+        if remaining_debt > 0:
+            return (
+                False,
+                f"Could not repay all debt. Remaining: {remaining_debt / 10**18:.6f} WETH",
+            )
+
+        return (True, "Debt repayment completed")
+
+    async def _emergency_eth_repayment(self, debt: int) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+        """Emergency fallback to repay debt using available ETH."""
+        gas_balance = await self._get_gas_balance()
+        # Reserve for gas: base reserve + buffer for wrap + repay tx gas
+        tx_gas_buffer = int(0.001 * 10**18)  # ~0.001 ETH for wrap + repay txs
+        gas_buffer = int(self.WRAP_GAS_RESERVE * 10**18) + tx_gas_buffer
+
+        logger.debug(
+            f"Emergency repay check: gas_balance={gas_balance / 10**18:.6f}, "
+            f"gas_buffer={gas_buffer / 10**18:.6f}, debt={debt / 10**18:.6f}"
+        )
+
+        if gas_balance > gas_buffer:
+            available_eth = gas_balance - gas_buffer
+            repay_amt = min(available_eth, debt)
+
+            try:
+                wrap_success, wrap_msg = await self.moonwell_adapter.wrap_eth(
+                    amount=repay_amt
+                )
+                if not wrap_success:
+                    logger.warning(f"Emergency wrap failed: {wrap_msg}")
+                    return (False, f"Wrap failed: {wrap_msg}")
+
+                # Only use repay_full=True when we have enough to cover full debt
+                can_repay_full = repay_amt >= debt
+                success, _ = await self.moonwell_adapter.repay(
+                    mtoken=M_WETH,
+                    underlying_token=WETH,
+                    amount=repay_amt,
+                    repay_full=can_repay_full,
+                )
+                if success:
+                    logger.info(f"Emergency repayment: {repay_amt / 10**18:.6f} WETH")
+                    return (True, f"Emergency repaid {repay_amt}")
+                else:
+                    logger.warning("Emergency repayment transaction failed")
+                    return (False, "Repay transaction failed")
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning(f"Emergency ETH repayment failed: {e}")
+                return (False, str(e))
+
+        return (False, "Insufficient ETH for emergency repayment")
+
+    async def _repay_weth(self, amount: int, remaining_debt: int) -> int:
+        """Repay WETH debt. Returns amount actually repaid."""
+        if amount <= 0:
+            return 0
+        repay_amt = min(amount, remaining_debt)
+        success, _ = await self.moonwell_adapter.repay(
+            mtoken=M_WETH,
+            underlying_token=WETH,
+            amount=repay_amt,
+            repay_full=(repay_amt >= remaining_debt),
+        )
+        return repay_amt if success else 0
+
+    async def _swap_to_weth_and_repay(
+        self, token_id: str, amount: int, remaining_debt: int
+    ) -> int:
+        """Swap token to WETH and repay. Returns amount repaid."""
+        swap_result = await self._swap_with_retries(
+            from_token_id=token_id, to_token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, amount=amount
+        )
+        if not swap_result:
+            return 0
+
+        # Use swap quote amount as minimum expected, retry balance read until we see it
+        expected_weth = int(swap_result.get("to_amount") or 0)
+        addr = self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+        weth_bal = 0
+
+        for attempt in range(5):
+            weth_bal = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=addr
+            )
+            if weth_bal >= expected_weth * 0.95 or weth_bal > 0:
+                break
+            logger.debug(
+                f"WETH balance read {weth_bal}, expected ~{expected_weth}, retrying..."
+            )
+            await asyncio.sleep(1 + attempt)
+
+        if weth_bal <= 0:
+            logger.warning(
+                f"WETH balance still 0 after swap, using estimate {expected_weth}"
+            )
+            weth_bal = expected_weth
+
+        return await self._repay_weth(weth_bal, remaining_debt)
+
+    async def _safe_repay(self, debt_to_repay: int) -> int:
+        """Attempt repayment using all available assets. Returns total amount repaid."""
+        if debt_to_repay < 1:
+            return 0
+
+        repaid = 0
+        addr = self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+
+        # 1. Use wallet WETH directly
+        weth_bal = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=addr
+        )
+        if weth_bal > 0:
+            repaid += await self._repay_weth(weth_bal, debt_to_repay - repaid)
+            if repaid >= debt_to_repay:
+                return repaid
+
+        # 2. Wrap ETH (above gas reserve) and repay
+        eth_bal = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=ETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=addr
+        )
+        gas_reserve = int((self.WRAP_GAS_RESERVE + 0.0005) * 10**18)
+        usable_eth = max(0, eth_bal - gas_reserve)
+        if usable_eth > 0:
+            wrap_amt = min(usable_eth, debt_to_repay - repaid)
+            wrap_ok, _ = await self.moonwell_adapter.wrap_eth(amount=wrap_amt)
+            if wrap_ok:
+                weth_bal = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                    token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=addr
+                )
+                repaid += await self._repay_weth(weth_bal, debt_to_repay - repaid)
+                if repaid >= debt_to_repay:
+                    return repaid
+
+        # 3. Swap wallet assets (wstETH, USDC) to WETH and repay
+        weth_price, weth_dec = await self._get_token_data(WETH_TOKEN_ID)
+        if not weth_price or weth_price <= 0:
+            return repaid
+
+        for token_id in [WSTETH_TOKEN_ID, USDC_TOKEN_ID]:
+            remaining = debt_to_repay - repaid
+            if remaining <= 0:
+                return repaid
+
+            bal = await self._get_balance_raw(token_id=token_id, wallet_address=addr)
+            if bal <= 0:
+                continue
+
+            price, dec = await self._get_token_data(token_id)
+            if not price or price <= 0:
+                continue
+
+            bal_usd = (bal / 10**dec) * price
+            if bal_usd < self.min_withdraw_usd:
+                continue
+
+            # Swap only what's needed (with 2% slippage buffer)
+            needed_usd = (remaining / 10**weth_dec) * weth_price * 1.02
+            needed_raw = int(needed_usd / price * 10**dec) + 1
+            swap_amt = min(bal, needed_raw)
+
+            logger.info(
+                f"Swapping {swap_amt / 10**dec:.6f} {token_id} to WETH for repayment"
+            )
+            repaid += await self._swap_to_weth_and_repay(
+                token_id, swap_amt, debt_to_repay - repaid
+            )
+
+        # 4. Unlend collateral, swap to WETH, and repay
+        for mtoken, token_id in [(M_WSTETH, WSTETH_TOKEN_ID), (M_USDC, USDC_TOKEN_ID)]:
+            remaining = debt_to_repay - repaid
+            if remaining <= 0:
+                return repaid
+
+            withdraw_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.max_withdrawable_mtoken(
+                mtoken=mtoken
+            )
+            if not withdraw_result[0]:
+                continue
+
+            withdraw_info = withdraw_result[1]
+            underlying_raw = withdraw_info.get("underlying_raw", 0)
+            if underlying_raw < 1:
+                continue
+
+            price, dec = await self._get_token_data(token_id)
+            if not price or price <= 0:
+                continue
+
+            avail_raw = int(underlying_raw * COLLATERAL_SAFETY_FACTOR)
+            avail_usd = (avail_raw / 10**dec) * price
+            if avail_usd <= self.min_withdraw_usd:
+                continue
+
+            # Calculate needed amount with buffer
+            remaining_usd = (remaining / 10**weth_dec) * weth_price
+            target_usd = max(remaining_usd * 1.02, float(self.min_withdraw_usd))
+            needed_raw = int(target_usd / price * 10**dec) + 1
+            unlend_raw = min(avail_raw, needed_raw)
+
+            mtoken_amt = self._mtoken_amount_for_underlying(withdraw_info, unlend_raw)
+            if mtoken_amt <= 0:
+                continue
+
+            success, _ = await self.moonwell_adapter.unlend(
+                mtoken=mtoken, amount=mtoken_amt
+            )
+            if not success:
+                continue
+
+            # Swap what we unlended
+            bal = await self._get_balance_raw(token_id=token_id, wallet_address=addr)
+            swap_amt = min(bal, unlend_raw)
+            if swap_amt <= 0:
+                continue
+
+            logger.info(f"Swapping {swap_amt / 10**dec:.6f} unlent {token_id} to WETH")
+            amt_repaid = await self._swap_to_weth_and_repay(
+                token_id, swap_amt, remaining
+            )
+            if amt_repaid > 0:
+                repaid += amt_repaid
+            else:
+                # Swap failed - re-lend to restore position
+                logger.warning(f"Swap failed for {token_id}, re-lending")
+                underlying = WSTETH if mtoken == M_WSTETH else USDC
+                relend_bal = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                    token_id=token_id, wallet_address=addr
+                )
+                if relend_bal > 0:
+                    await self.moonwell_adapter.lend(
+                        mtoken=mtoken, underlying_token=underlying, amount=relend_bal
+                    )
+
+        # Emergency fallback: use available ETH when nothing else worked
+        if repaid == 0 and debt_to_repay > 0:
+            success, _ = await self._emergency_eth_repayment(debt_to_repay)
+            if success:
+                pos_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WETH)
+                if pos_result[0]:
+                    new_debt = pos_result[1].get("borrow_balance", 0)
+                    repaid = debt_to_repay - new_debt
+                    logger.info(
+                        f"Emergency repayment succeeded: {repaid / 10**18:.6f} WETH"
+                    )
+
+        return repaid
+
+    async def withdraw(self, amount: float | None = None) -> StatusTuple:
+        """Withdraw funds. If amount is None, withdraws all.
+
+        Logic:
+        1. Liquidate any Moonwell positions to USDC (if any exist)
+        2. Transfer any USDC > 0 to main wallet (regardless of step 1)
+        """
+        self._clear_price_cache()
+
+        # Step 1: Liquidate Moonwell positions if any exist
+        totals_token, totals_usd = await self._aggregate_positions()
+        has_positions = len(totals_token) > 0
+
+        if has_positions:
+            # Sweep misc tokens to WETH first (helps with repayment)
+            await self._sweep_token_balances(
+                target_token_id=WETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                exclude={USDC_TOKEN_ID, WSTETH_TOKEN_ID},
+            )
+
+            # Execute debt repayment loop
+            success, message = await self._repay_debt_loop()
+            if not success:
+                return (False, message)
+
+            # Unlend and convert remaining positions to USDC
+            await self._unlend_remaining_positions()
+
+        # Always sweep any remaining tokens to USDC (catches WETH, wstETH, WELL even without positions)
+        await self._sweep_token_balances(
+            target_token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID,
+            exclude={ETH_TOKEN_ID},  # Keep gas token
+        )
+
+        # Step 2: Transfer any USDC to main wallet
+        usdc_balance = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+        )
+
+        if usdc_balance <= 0:
+            return (False, "No USDC to withdraw.")
+
+        token_info = await self._get_token_info(USDC_TOKEN_ID)
+        decimals = token_info.get("decimals", 6)
+        usdc_amount = usdc_balance / 10**decimals
+
+        (
+            success,
+            msg,
+        ) = await self.balance_adapter.move_from_strategy_wallet_to_main_wallet(
+            USDC_TOKEN_ID, usdc_amount
+        )
+        if not success:
+            return (False, f"USDC transfer failed: {msg}")
+
+        # Step 3: Transfer remaining gas to main wallet (keep reserve for tx fee)
+        gas_transferred = 0.0
+        gas_balance = await self._get_balance_raw(
+            token_id=ETH_TOKEN_ID, wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address()
+        )
+        tx_fee_reserve = int(0.0002 * 10**18)  # Reserve 0.0002 ETH for tx fee
+        transferable_gas = gas_balance - tx_fee_reserve
+        if transferable_gas > 0:
+            gas_amount = transferable_gas / 10**18
+            (
+                gas_success,
+                gas_msg,
+            ) = await self.balance_adapter.move_from_strategy_wallet_to_main_wallet(
+                ETH_TOKEN_ID, gas_amount
+            )
+            if gas_success:
+                gas_transferred = gas_amount
+            else:
+                logger.warning(f"Gas transfer failed (non-critical): {gas_msg}")
+
+        return (
+            True,
+            f"Withdrew {usdc_amount:.2f} USDC and {gas_transferred:.6f} ETH to main wallet",
+        )
+
+    async def _unlend_remaining_positions(self) -> None:
+        """Unlend remaining collateral and convert to USDC."""
+        # Unlend remaining wstETH
+        wsteth_pos = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_WSTETH)
+        if wsteth_pos[0]:
+            mtoken_bal = wsteth_pos[1].get("mtoken_balance", 0)
+            if mtoken_bal > 0:
+                await self.moonwell_adapter.unlend(mtoken=M_WSTETH, amount=mtoken_bal)
+                # Swap to USDC with retries
+                wsteth_bal = await self._get_balance_raw(
+                    token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                    wallet_address=self._get_strategy_wallet_address(),
+                )
+                if wsteth_bal > 0:
+                    swap_result = await self._swap_with_retries(
+                        from_token_id=WSTETH_TOKEN_ID,
+                        to_token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID,
+                        amount=wsteth_bal,
+                    )
+                    if swap_result is None:
+                        logger.warning("Failed to swap wstETH to USDC after retries")
+
+        # Unlend remaining USDC
+        usdc_pos = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_pos(mtoken=M_USDC)
+        if usdc_pos[0]:
+            mtoken_bal = usdc_pos[1].get("mtoken_balance", 0)
+            if mtoken_bal > 0:
+                await self.moonwell_adapter.unlend(mtoken=M_USDC, amount=mtoken_bal)
+
+        # Claim any remaining rewards
+        await self.moonwell_adapter.claim_rewards(min_rewards_usd=0)
+
+        # Sweep any remaining tokens to USDC
+        await self._sweep_token_balances(
+            target_token_id=USDC_TOKEN_ID,
+            exclude={ETH_TOKEN_ID},  # Keep gas token
+        )
+
+    async def get_peg_diff(self) -> float | dict:
+        """Get stETH/ETH peg difference."""
+        steth_price = await self._get_token_price(STETH_TOKEN_ID)
+        weth_price = await self._get_token_price(WETH_TOKEN_ID)
+
+        if not steth_price or not weth_price or weth_price <= 0:
+            return {
+                "ok": False,
+                "error": f"Bad price data stETH={steth_price}, WETH={weth_price}",
+            }
+
+        peg_ratio = steth_price / weth_price
+        peg_diff = abs(peg_ratio - 1)
+
+        return peg_diff
+
+    async def _status(self) -> StatusDict:
+        """Report strategy status."""
+        self._clear_price_cache()
+
+        # Fetch positions and collateral factors in parallel
+        (_totals_token, totals_usd), collateral_factors = await asyncio.gather(
+            self._aggregate_positions(),
+            self._get_collateral_factors(),
+        )
+
+        # Calculate LTV and health factor using pre-fetched data
+        ltv = await self.compute_ltv(totals_usd, collateral_factors=collateral_factors)
+        hf = (1 / ltv) if ltv and ltv > 0 and not (ltv != ltv) else None
+
+        # Get gas balance
+        gas_balance = await self._get_gas_balance()
+
+        # Get borrowable amount
+        borrowable_result = await self.moonwell_adapter.get_borrowable_amount()
+        borrowable_amt_raw = borrowable_result[1] if borrowable_result[0] else 0
+        borrowable_amt = self._normalize_usd_value(borrowable_amt_raw)
+
+        # Calculate credit remaining
+        weth_key = f"Base_{WETH}"
+        total_borrowed = abs(totals_usd.get(weth_key, 0))
+        credit_remaining = 1.0
+        if (borrowable_amt + total_borrowed) > 0:
+            credit_remaining = round(
+                borrowable_amt / (borrowable_amt + total_borrowed), 4
+            )
+
+        # Get peg diff
+        peg_diff = await self.get_peg_diff()
+
+        # Calculate portfolio value
+        portfolio_value = sum(
+            v for k, v in totals_usd.items() if k != f"Base_{WETH}"
+        ) + totals_usd.get(f"Base_{WETH}", 0)
+
+        # Get projected earnings
+        quote = await self.quote()
+
+        strategy_status = {
+            "current_positions_usd_value": totals_usd,
+            "credit_remaining": f"{credit_remaining * 100:.2f}%",
+            "LTV": ltv,
+            "health_factor": hf,
+            "projected_earnings": quote.get("data", {}),
+            "steth_eth_peg_difference": peg_diff,
+        }
+
+        return StatusDict(
+            portfolio_value=portfolio_value,
+            net_deposit=0.0,  # Would need ledger integration
+            strategy_status=strategy_status,
+            gas_available=gas_balance / 10**18,
+            gassed_up=gas_balance >= int(self.MAINTENANCE_GAS * 10**18),
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    async def policies() -> list[str]:
+        """Return policy strings used to scope on-chain permissions."""
+        return [
+            # Moonwell operations
+            await musdc_mint_or_approve_or_redeem(),
+            await mweth_approve_or_borrow_or_repay(),
+            await mwsteth_approve_or_mint_or_redeem(),
+            await moonwell_comptroller_enter_markets_or_claim_rewards(),
+            await weth_deposit(),
+            # Swaps
+            erc20_spender_for_any_token(ENSO_ROUTER),
+            await enso_swap(),
+        ]