warp-lang 1.5.0__py3-none-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl → 1.6.0__py3-none-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl

warp/examples/optim/example_softbody_properties.py

@@ -0,0 +1,392 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2025 NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+# NVIDIA CORPORATION and its licensors retain all intellectual property
+# and proprietary rights in and to this software, related documentation
+# and any modifications thereto.  Any use, reproduction, disclosure or
+# distribution of this software and related documentation without an express
+# license agreement from NVIDIA CORPORATION is strictly prohibited.
+
+###########################################################################
+# Example FEM Bounce
+#
+# Shows how to use Warp to optimize for the material parameters of a soft body,
+# such that it bounces off the wall and floor in order to hit a target.
+#
+# This example uses the built-in wp.Tape() object to compute gradients of
+# the distance to target (loss) w.r.t the material parameters, followed by
+# a simple gradient-descent optimization step.
+#
+###########################################################################
+
+import numpy as np
+
+import warp as wp
+import warp.optim
+import warp.sim
+import warp.sim.render
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def assign_param(params: wp.array(dtype=wp.float32), tet_materials: wp.array2d(dtype=wp.float32)):
+    tid = wp.tid()
+    params_idx = 2 * wp.tid() % params.shape[0]
+    tet_materials[tid, 0] = params[params_idx]
+    tet_materials[tid, 1] = params[params_idx + 1]
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def com_kernel(particle_q: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3), com: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3)):
+    tid = wp.tid()
+    point = particle_q[tid]
+    a = point / wp.float32(particle_q.shape[0])
+
+    # Atomically add the point coordinates to the accumulator
+    wp.atomic_add(com, 0, a)
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def loss_kernel(
+    target: wp.vec3,
+    com: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3),
+    pos_error: wp.array(dtype=float),
+    loss: wp.array(dtype=float),
+):
+    diff = com[0] - target
+    pos_error[0] = wp.dot(diff, diff)
+    norm = pos_error[0]
+    loss[0] = norm
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def enforce_constraint_kernel(lower_bound: wp.float32, upper_bound: wp.float32, x: wp.array(dtype=wp.float32)):
+    tid = wp.tid()
+    if x[tid] < lower_bound:
+        x[tid] = lower_bound
+    elif x[tid] > upper_bound:
+        x[tid] = upper_bound
+
+
+class Example:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        stage_path="example_softbody_properties.usd",
+        material_behavior="anisotropic",
+        verbose=False,
+    ):
+        self.verbose = verbose
+        self.material_behavior = material_behavior
+
+        # seconds
+        sim_duration = 1.0
+
+        # control frequency
+        fps = 60
+        self.frame_dt = 1.0 / fps
+        frame_steps = int(sim_duration / self.frame_dt)
+
+        # sim frequency
+        self.sim_substeps = 16
+        self.sim_steps = frame_steps * self.sim_substeps
+        self.sim_dt = self.frame_dt / self.sim_substeps
+
+        self.iter = 0
+        self.render_time = 0.0
+
+        self.train_rate = 1e7
+
+        self.losses = []
+
+        self.hard_lower_bound = wp.float32(500.0)
+        self.hard_upper_bound = wp.float32(4e6)
+
+        # Create FEM model.
+        self.cell_dim = 2
+        self.cell_size = 0.1
+        center = self.cell_size * self.cell_dim * 0.5
+        self.grid_origin = wp.vec3(-0.5, 1.0, -center)
+        self.create_model()
+
+        self.integrator = wp.sim.SemiImplicitIntegrator()
+
+        self.target = wp.vec3(-1.0, 1.5, 0.0)
+        # Initialize material parameters
+        if self.material_behavior == "anisotropic":
+            # Different Lame parameters for each tet
+            self.material_params = wp.array(
+                self.model.tet_materials.numpy()[:, :2].flatten(),
+                dtype=wp.float32,
+                requires_grad=True,
+            )
+        else:
+            # Same Lame parameters for all tets
+            self.material_params = wp.array(
+                self.model.tet_materials.numpy()[0, :2].flatten(),
+                dtype=wp.float32,
+                requires_grad=True,
+            )
+
+        self.optimizer = wp.optim.SGD(
+            [self.material_params],
+            lr=self.train_rate,
+            nesterov=False,
+        )
+
+        self.com = wp.array([wp.vec3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)], dtype=wp.vec3, requires_grad=True)
+        self.pos_error = wp.zeros(1, dtype=wp.float32, requires_grad=True)
+        self.loss = wp.zeros(1, dtype=wp.float32, requires_grad=True)
+
+        # allocate sim states for trajectory
+        self.states = []
+        for _i in range(self.sim_steps + 1):
+            self.states.append(self.model.state())
+
+        if stage_path:
+            self.renderer = wp.sim.render.SimRenderer(self.model, stage_path, scaling=1.0)
+        else:
+            self.renderer = None
+
+        # capture forward/backward passes
+        self.use_cuda_graph = wp.get_device().is_cuda
+        if self.use_cuda_graph:
+            with wp.ScopedCapture() as capture:
+                self.tape = wp.Tape()
+                with self.tape:
+                    self.forward()
+                self.tape.backward(self.loss)
+            self.graph = capture.graph
+
+    def create_model(self):
+        builder = wp.sim.ModelBuilder()
+        builder.default_particle_radius = 0.0005
+
+        total_mass = 0.2
+        num_particles = (self.cell_dim + 1) ** 3
+        particle_mass = total_mass / num_particles
+        particle_density = particle_mass / (self.cell_size**3)
+        if self.verbose:
+            print(f"Particle density: {particle_density}")
+
+        young_mod = 1.5 * 1e4
+        poisson_ratio = 0.3
+        k_mu = 0.5 * young_mod / (1.0 + poisson_ratio)
+        k_lambda = young_mod * poisson_ratio / ((1 + poisson_ratio) * (1 - 2 * poisson_ratio))
+
+        builder.add_soft_grid(
+            pos=self.grid_origin,
+            rot=wp.quat_identity(),
+            vel=wp.vec3(5.0, -5.0, 0.0),
+            dim_x=self.cell_dim,
+            dim_y=self.cell_dim,
+            dim_z=self.cell_dim,
+            cell_x=self.cell_size,
+            cell_y=self.cell_size,
+            cell_z=self.cell_size,
+            density=particle_density,
+            k_mu=k_mu,
+            k_lambda=k_lambda,
+            k_damp=0.0,
+            tri_ke=1e-4,
+            tri_ka=1e-4,
+            tri_kd=1e-4,
+            tri_drag=0.0,
+            tri_lift=0.0,
+            fix_bottom=False,
+        )
+
+        ke = 1.0e3
+        kf = 0.0
+        kd = 1.0e0
+        mu = 0.2
+        builder.add_shape_box(
+            body=-1,
+            pos=wp.vec3(2.0, 1.0, 0.0),
+            hx=0.25,
+            hy=1.0,
+            hz=1.0,
+            ke=ke,
+            kf=kf,
+            kd=kd,
+            mu=mu,
+        )
+
+        # use `requires_grad=True` to create a model for differentiable simulation
+        self.model = builder.finalize(requires_grad=True)
+        self.model.ground = True
+
+        self.model.soft_contact_ke = ke
+        self.model.soft_contact_kf = kf
+        self.model.soft_contact_kd = kd
+        self.model.soft_contact_mu = mu
+        self.model.soft_contact_margin = 0.001
+        self.model.soft_contact_restitution = 1.0
+
+    def forward(self):
+        wp.launch(
+            kernel=assign_param,
+            dim=self.model.tet_count,
+            inputs=(self.material_params,),
+            outputs=(self.model.tet_materials,),
+        )
+        # run control loop
+        for i in range(self.sim_steps):
+            wp.sim.collide(self.model, self.states[i])
+            self.states[i].clear_forces()
+
+            self.integrator.simulate(self.model, self.states[i], self.states[i + 1], self.sim_dt)
+
+        # Update loss
+        # Compute the center of mass for the last time step.
+        wp.launch(
+            kernel=com_kernel,
+            dim=self.model.particle_count,
+            inputs=(self.states[-1].particle_q,),
+            outputs=(self.com,),
+        )
+
+        # calculate loss
+        wp.launch(
+            kernel=loss_kernel,
+            dim=1,
+            inputs=(
+                self.target,
+                self.com,
+            ),
+            outputs=(self.pos_error, self.loss),
+        )
+
+        return self.loss
+
+    def step(self):
+        with wp.ScopedTimer("step"):
+            if self.use_cuda_graph:
+                wp.capture_launch(self.graph)
+            else:
+                self.tape = wp.Tape()
+                with self.tape:
+                    self.forward()
+                self.tape.backward(loss=self.loss)
+
+            if self.verbose:
+                self.log_step()
+
+            self.optimizer.step([self.material_params.grad])
+
+            wp.launch(
+                kernel=enforce_constraint_kernel,
+                dim=self.material_params.shape[0],
+                inputs=(
+                    self.hard_lower_bound,
+                    self.hard_upper_bound,
+                ),
+                outputs=(self.material_params,),
+            )
+
+            self.losses.append(self.loss.numpy()[0])
+
+            # clear grads for next iteration
+            self.tape.zero()
+            self.loss.zero_()
+            self.com.zero_()
+            self.pos_error.zero_()
+
+            self.iter = self.iter + 1
+
+    def log_step(self):
+        x = self.material_params.numpy().reshape(-1, 2)
+        x_grad = self.material_params.grad.numpy().reshape(-1, 2)
+
+        print(f"Iter: {self.iter} Loss: {self.loss.numpy()[0]}")
+
+        print(f"Pos error: {np.sqrt(self.pos_error.numpy()[0])}")
+
+        print(
+            f"Max Mu: {np.max(x[:, 0])}, Min Mu: {np.min(x[:, 0])}, "
+            f"Max Lambda: {np.max(x[:, 1])}, Min Lambda: {np.min(x[:, 1])}"
+        )
+
+        print(
+            f"Max Mu Grad: {np.max(x_grad[:, 0])}, Min Mu Grad: {np.min(x_grad[:, 0])}, "
+            f"Max Lambda Grad: {np.max(x_grad[:, 1])}, Min Lambda Grad: {np.min(x_grad[:, 1])}"
+        )
+
+    def render(self):
+        if self.renderer is None:
+            return
+
+        with wp.ScopedTimer("render"):
+            # draw trajectory
+            traj_verts = [np.mean(self.states[0].particle_q.numpy(), axis=0).tolist()]
+            for i in range(0, self.sim_steps, self.sim_substeps):
+                traj_verts.append(np.mean(self.states[i].particle_q.numpy(), axis=0).tolist())
+
+                self.renderer.begin_frame(self.render_time)
+                self.renderer.render(self.states[i])
+                self.renderer.render_box(
+                    pos=self.target,
+                    rot=wp.quat_identity(),
+                    extents=(0.1, 0.1, 0.1),
+                    name="target",
+                    color=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+                )
+                self.renderer.render_line_strip(
+                    vertices=traj_verts,
+                    color=wp.render.bourke_color_map(0.0, self.losses[0], self.losses[-1]),
+                    radius=0.02,
+                    name=f"traj_{self.iter - 1}",
+                )
+                self.renderer.end_frame()
+
+                from pxr import Gf, UsdGeom
+
+                particles_prim = self.renderer.stage.GetPrimAtPath("/root/particles")
+                particles = UsdGeom.Points.Get(self.renderer.stage, particles_prim.GetPath())
+                particles.CreateDisplayColorAttr().Set([Gf.Vec3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)], time=self.renderer.time)
+
+                self.render_time += self.frame_dt
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import argparse
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter)
+    parser.add_argument("--device", type=str, default=None, help="Override the default Warp device.")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--stage_path",
+        type=lambda x: None if x == "None" else str(x),
+        default="example_softbody_properties.usd",
+        help="Path to the output USD file.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--train_iters",
+        type=int,
+        default=300,
+        help="Total number of training iterations.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--material_behavior",
+        default="anisotropic",
+        choices=["anisotropic", "isotropic"],
+        help="Set material behavior to be Anisotropic or Isotropic.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--verbose",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Print out additional status messages during execution.",
+    )
+
+    args = parser.parse_known_args()[0]
+
+    with wp.ScopedDevice(args.device):
+        example = Example(
+            stage_path=args.stage_path,
+            material_behavior=args.material_behavior,
+            verbose=args.verbose,
+        )
+
+        # replay and optimize
+        for i in range(args.train_iters):
+            example.step()
+            if i == 0 or i % 50 == 0 or i == args.train_iters - 1:
+                example.render()
+
+        if example.renderer:
+            example.renderer.save()

warp/examples/optim/example_trajectory.py

@@ -60,8 +60,6 @@ class Example:
 
         self.iter = 0
 
-        builder = wp.sim.ModelBuilder()
-
         # add planar joints
         builder = wp.sim.ModelBuilder(gravity=0.0)
         builder.add_articulation()
@@ -153,7 +151,7 @@ class Example:
             tape.backward(loss=self.loss)
 
             if self.verbose and (self.iter + 1) % 10 == 0:
-                print(f"Iter {self.iter+1} Loss: {self.loss.numpy()[0]:.3f}")
+                print(f"Iter {self.iter + 1} Loss: {self.loss.numpy()[0]:.3f}")
 
             assert not np.isnan(self.actions.grad.numpy()).any(), "NaN in gradient"
 

warp/examples/optim/example_walker.py

@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@
 # simulated forward in time and then evaluated based on the center of mass
 # momentum of the mesh.
 #
+# This example uses the deprecated wp.matmul() for matrix multiplication,
+# which will be removed in a future version. See the updated version of
+# this example, example_tile_walker.py, in examples/tile for the new
+# approach to GEMMs using Warp's tile API.
+#
 ###########################################################################
 
 import math

warp/examples/sim/example_cartpole.py

@@ -27,8 +27,6 @@ import warp.sim.render
 
 class Example:
     def __init__(self, stage_path="example_cartpole.usd", num_envs=8):
-        builder = wp.sim.ModelBuilder()
-
         self.num_envs = num_envs
 
         articulation_builder = wp.sim.ModelBuilder()

warp/examples/sim/example_cloth.py

@@ -100,7 +100,6 @@ class Example:
                 tri_ka=1e4,
                 tri_kd=1e-5,
                 edge_ke=100,
-                color_particles=True,
             )
 
         usd_stage = Usd.Stage.Open(os.path.join(warp.examples.get_asset_directory(), "bunny.usd"))
@@ -122,6 +121,9 @@ class Example:
             kf=1.0e1,
         )
 
+        if self.integrator_type == IntegratorType.VBD:
+            builder.color()
+
         self.model = builder.finalize()
         self.model.ground = True
         self.model.soft_contact_ke = 1.0e4

warp/examples/sim/example_cloth_self_contact.py

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2024 NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+# NVIDIA CORPORATION and its licensors retain all intellectual property
+# and proprietary rights in and to this software, related documentation
+# and any modifications thereto.  Any use, reproduction, disclosure or
+# distribution of this software and related documentation without an express
+# license agreement from NVIDIA CORPORATION is strictly prohibited.
+
+###########################################################################
+# Example Sim Cloth Self Contact
+#
+# This simulation demonstrates twisting an FEM cloth model using the VBD
+# integrator, showcasing its ability to handle complex self-contacts while
+# ensuring it remains intersection-free.
+#
+###########################################################################
+
+import math
+import os
+
+import numpy as np
+from pxr import Usd, UsdGeom
+
+import warp as wp
+import warp.examples
+import warp.sim
+import warp.sim.render
+from warp.sim.model import PARTICLE_FLAG_ACTIVE
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def initialize_rotation(
+    particle_indices_to_rot: wp.array(dtype=wp.int32),
+    pos: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3),
+    rot_centers: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3),
+    rot_axes: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3),
+    roots: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3),
+    roots_to_ps: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3),
+):
+    tid = wp.tid()
+    particle_index = particle_indices_to_rot[wp.tid()]
+
+    p = pos[particle_index]
+    rot_center = rot_centers[tid]
+    rot_axis = rot_axes[tid]
+    op = p - rot_center
+
+    root = wp.dot(op, rot_axis) * rot_axis
+
+    root_to_p = p - root
+
+    roots[tid] = root
+    roots_to_ps[tid] = root_to_p
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def apply_rotation(
+    time: float,
+    angular_velocity: float,
+    particle_indices_to_rot: wp.array(dtype=wp.int32),
+    rot_centers: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3),
+    rot_axes: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3),
+    roots: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3),
+    roots_to_ps: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3),
+    pos_0: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3),
+    pos_1: wp.array(dtype=wp.vec3),
+):
+    tid = wp.tid()
+    particle_index = particle_indices_to_rot[wp.tid()]
+
+    rot_axis = rot_axes[tid]
+
+    ux = rot_axis[0]
+    uy = rot_axis[1]
+    uz = rot_axis[2]
+
+    theta = time * angular_velocity
+
+    R = wp.mat33(
+        wp.cos(theta) + ux * ux * (1.0 - wp.cos(theta)),
+        ux * uy * (1.0 - wp.cos(theta)) - uz * wp.sin(theta),
+        ux * uz * (1.0 - wp.cos(theta)) + uy * wp.sin(theta),
+        uy * ux * (1.0 - wp.cos(theta)) + uz * wp.sin(theta),
+        wp.cos(theta) + uy * uy * (1.0 - wp.cos(theta)),
+        uy * uz * (1.0 - wp.cos(theta)) - ux * wp.sin(theta),
+        uz * ux * (1.0 - wp.cos(theta)) - uy * wp.sin(theta),
+        uz * uy * (1.0 - wp.cos(theta)) + ux * wp.sin(theta),
+        wp.cos(theta) + uz * uz * (1.0 - wp.cos(theta)),
+    )
+
+    root = roots[tid]
+    root_to_p = roots_to_ps[tid]
+    root_to_p_rot = R * root_to_p
+    p_rot = root + root_to_p_rot
+
+    pos_0[particle_index] = p_rot
+    pos_1[particle_index] = p_rot
+
+
+class Example:
+    def __init__(self, stage_path="example_cloth_self_contact.usd", num_frames=1500):
+        fps = 60
+        self.frame_dt = 1.0 / fps
+        self.num_substeps = 10
+        self.iterations = 10
+        self.dt = self.frame_dt / self.num_substeps
+
+        self.num_frames = num_frames
+        self.sim_time = 0.0
+        self.profiler = {}
+
+        self.rot_angular_velocity = math.pi / 6
+        self.rot_end_time = 21
+
+        usd_stage = Usd.Stage.Open(os.path.join(warp.examples.get_asset_directory(), "square_cloth.usd"))
+        usd_geom = UsdGeom.Mesh(usd_stage.GetPrimAtPath("/root/cloth/cloth"))
+
+        mesh_points = np.array(usd_geom.GetPointsAttr().Get())
+        mesh_indices = np.array(usd_geom.GetFaceVertexIndicesAttr().Get())
+
+        self.input_scale_factor = 1.0
+        self.renderer_scale_factor = 0.01
+
+        vertices = [wp.vec3(v) * self.input_scale_factor for v in mesh_points]
+        self.faces = mesh_indices.reshape(-1, 3)
+
+        builder = wp.sim.ModelBuilder()
+        builder.add_cloth_mesh(
+            pos=wp.vec3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            rot=wp.quat_identity(),
+            scale=1.0,
+            vertices=vertices,
+            indices=mesh_indices,
+            vel=wp.vec3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+            density=0.02,
+            tri_ke=1.0e5,
+            tri_ka=1.0e5,
+            tri_kd=3.0e-5,
+        )
+        builder.color()
+        self.model = builder.finalize()
+        self.model.ground = False
+        self.model.soft_contact_ke = 1.0e5
+        self.model.soft_contact_kd = 1.0e-6
+        self.model.soft_contact_mu = 0.2
+
+        # set up contact query and contact detection distances
+        self.model.soft_contact_radius = 0.2
+        self.model.soft_contact_margin = 0.35
+
+        cloth_size = 50
+        left_side = [cloth_size - 1 + i * cloth_size for i in range(cloth_size)]
+        right_side = [i * cloth_size for i in range(cloth_size)]
+        rot_point_indices = left_side + right_side
+
+        if len(rot_point_indices):
+            flags = self.model.particle_flags.numpy()
+            for fixed_vertex_id in rot_point_indices:
+                flags[fixed_vertex_id] = wp.uint32(int(flags[fixed_vertex_id]) & ~int(PARTICLE_FLAG_ACTIVE))
+
+            self.model.particle_flags = wp.array(flags)
+
+        self.integrator = wp.sim.VBDIntegrator(
+            self.model,
+            self.iterations,
+            handle_self_contact=True,
+        )
+        self.state0 = self.model.state()
+        self.state1 = self.model.state()
+
+        rot_axes = [[1, 0, 0]] * len(right_side) + [[-1, 0, 0]] * len(left_side)
+
+        self.rot_point_indices = wp.array(rot_point_indices, dtype=int)
+        self.rot_centers = wp.zeros(len(rot_point_indices), dtype=wp.vec3)
+        self.rot_axes = wp.array(rot_axes, dtype=wp.vec3)
+
+        self.roots = wp.zeros_like(self.rot_centers)
+        self.roots_to_ps = wp.zeros_like(self.rot_centers)
+
+        wp.launch(
+            kernel=initialize_rotation,
+            dim=self.rot_point_indices.shape[0],
+            inputs=[
+                self.rot_point_indices,
+                self.state0.particle_q,
+                self.rot_centers,
+                self.rot_axes,
+                self.roots,
+                self.roots_to_ps,
+            ],
+        )
+
+        if stage_path:
+            self.renderer = wp.sim.render.SimRenderer(self.model, stage_path, scaling=40.0)
+        else:
+            self.renderer = None
+
+    def step(self):
+        with wp.ScopedTimer("step", print=False, dict=self.profiler):
+            for _ in range(self.num_substeps):
+                if self.sim_time < self.rot_end_time:
+                    wp.launch(
+                        kernel=apply_rotation,
+                        dim=self.rot_point_indices.shape[0],
+                        inputs=[
+                            self.sim_time,
+                            self.rot_angular_velocity,
+                            self.rot_point_indices,
+                            self.rot_centers,
+                            self.rot_axes,
+                            self.roots,
+                            self.roots_to_ps,
+                            self.state0.particle_q,
+                            self.state1.particle_q,
+                        ],
+                    )
+
+                self.integrator.simulate(self.model, self.state0, self.state1, self.dt)
+
+                (self.state0, self.state1) = (self.state1, self.state0)
+
+                self.sim_time += self.dt
+
+    def render(self):
+        if self.renderer is None:
+            return
+
+        with wp.ScopedTimer("render", print=False):
+            self.renderer.begin_frame(self.sim_time)
+            self.renderer.render(self.state0)
+            self.renderer.end_frame()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import argparse
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter)
+    parser.add_argument("--device", type=str, default=None, help="Override the default Warp device.")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--stage_path",
+        type=lambda x: None if x == "None" else str(x),
+        default="example_cloth_self_contact.usd",
+        help="Path to the output USD file.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--num_frames", type=int, default=1500, help="Total number of frames.")
+
+    args = parser.parse_known_args()[0]
+
+    with wp.ScopedDevice(args.device):
+        example = Example(stage_path=args.stage_path, num_frames=args.num_frames)
+
+        for i in range(example.num_frames):
+            example.step()
+            example.render()
+            print(f"[{i:4d}/{example.num_frames}]")
+
+        frame_times = example.profiler["step"]
+        print("\nAverage frame sim time: {:.2f} ms".format(sum(frame_times) / len(frame_times)))
+
+        if example.renderer:
+            example.renderer.save()