wandb 0.19.1__py3-none-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl

wandb/apis/importers/wandb.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1603 @@
+"""Tooling for the W&B Importer."""
+
+import itertools
+import json
+import logging
+import numbers
+import os
+import re
+import shutil
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from datetime import datetime as dt
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, Iterator, List, Optional, Tuple
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import filelock
+import polars as pl
+import requests
+import urllib3
+import wandb_workspaces.reports.v1 as wr
+import yaml
+from wandb_gql import gql
+from wandb_workspaces.reports.v1 import Report
+
+import wandb
+from wandb.apis.public import ArtifactCollection, Run
+from wandb.apis.public.files import File
+from wandb.util import coalesce, remove_keys_with_none_values
+
+from . import validation
+from .internals import internal
+from .internals.protocols import PathStr, Policy
+from .internals.util import Namespace, for_each
+
+Artifact = wandb.Artifact
+Api = wandb.Api
+Project = wandb.apis.public.Project
+
+ARTIFACT_ERRORS_FNAME = "artifact_errors.jsonl"
+ARTIFACT_SUCCESSES_FNAME = "artifact_successes.jsonl"
+RUN_ERRORS_FNAME = "run_errors.jsonl"
+RUN_SUCCESSES_FNAME = "run_successes.jsonl"
+
+ART_SEQUENCE_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER = "__ART_SEQUENCE_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER__"
+RUN_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER = "__RUN_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER__"
+ART_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER_PATH = "__importer_temp__"
+ART_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER_TYPE = "__temp__"
+
+SRC_ART_PATH = "./artifacts/src"
+DST_ART_PATH = "./artifacts/dst"
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
+
+if os.getenv("WANDB_IMPORTER_ENABLE_RICH_LOGGING"):
+    from rich.logging import RichHandler
+
+    logger.addHandler(RichHandler(rich_tracebacks=True, tracebacks_show_locals=True))
+else:
+    console_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+    console_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
+
+    formatter = logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s")
+    console_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
+
+    logger.addHandler(console_handler)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ArtifactSequence:
+    artifacts: Iterable[wandb.Artifact]
+    entity: str
+    project: str
+    type_: str
+    name: str
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator:
+        return iter(self.artifacts)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"ArtifactSequence({self.identifier})"
+
+    @property
+    def identifier(self) -> str:
+        return "/".join([self.entity, self.project, self.type_, self.name])
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_collection(cls, collection: ArtifactCollection):
+        arts = collection.artifacts()
+        arts = sorted(arts, key=lambda a: int(a.version.lstrip("v")))
+        return ArtifactSequence(
+            arts,
+            collection.entity,
+            collection.project,
+            collection.type,
+            collection.name,
+        )
+
+
+class WandbRun:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        run: Run,
+        *,
+        src_base_url: str,
+        src_api_key: str,
+        dst_base_url: str,
+        dst_api_key: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.run = run
+        self.api = wandb.Api(
+            api_key=src_api_key,
+            overrides={"base_url": src_base_url},
+        )
+        self.dst_api = wandb.Api(
+            api_key=dst_api_key,
+            overrides={"base_url": dst_base_url},
+        )
+
+        # For caching
+        self._files: Optional[Iterable[Tuple[str, str]]] = None
+        self._artifacts: Optional[Iterable[Artifact]] = None
+        self._used_artifacts: Optional[Iterable[Artifact]] = None
+        self._parquet_history_paths: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        s = os.path.join(self.entity(), self.project(), self.run_id())
+        return f"WandbRun({s})"
+
+    def run_id(self) -> str:
+        return self.run.id
+
+    def entity(self) -> str:
+        return self.run.entity
+
+    def project(self) -> str:
+        return self.run.project
+
+    def config(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return self.run.config
+
+    def summary(self) -> Dict[str, float]:
+        s = self.run.summary
+        return s
+
+    def metrics(self) -> Iterable[Dict[str, float]]:
+        if self._parquet_history_paths is None:
+            self._parquet_history_paths = list(self._get_parquet_history_paths())
+
+        if self._parquet_history_paths:
+            rows = self._get_rows_from_parquet_history_paths()
+        else:
+            logger.warn(
+                "No parquet files detected; using scan history (this may not be reliable)"
+            )
+            rows = self.run.scan_history()
+
+        for row in rows:
+            row = remove_keys_with_none_values(row)
+            yield row
+
+    def run_group(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return self.run.group
+
+    def job_type(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return self.run.job_type
+
+    def display_name(self) -> str:
+        return self.run.display_name
+
+    def notes(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        # Notes includes the previous notes and serves as a catch-all for things we missed or can't add back
+        previous_link = f"Imported from: {self.run.url}"
+        previous_author = f"Author: {self.run.user.username}"
+
+        header = [previous_link, previous_author]
+        previous_notes = self.run.notes or ""
+
+        return "\n".join(header) + "\n---\n" + previous_notes
+
+    def tags(self) -> Optional[List[str]]:
+        return self.run.tags
+
+    def artifacts(self) -> Optional[Iterable[Artifact]]:
+        if self._artifacts is None:
+            _artifacts = []
+            for art in self.run.logged_artifacts():
+                a = _clone_art(art)
+                _artifacts.append(a)
+            self._artifacts = _artifacts
+
+        yield from self._artifacts
+
+    def used_artifacts(self) -> Optional[Iterable[Artifact]]:
+        if self._used_artifacts is None:
+            _used_artifacts = []
+            for art in self.run.used_artifacts():
+                a = _clone_art(art)
+                _used_artifacts.append(a)
+            self._used_artifacts = _used_artifacts
+
+        yield from self._used_artifacts
+
+    def os_version(self) -> Optional[str]: ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def python_version(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return self._metadata_file().get("python")
+
+    def cuda_version(self) -> Optional[str]: ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def program(self) -> Optional[str]: ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def host(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return self._metadata_file().get("host")
+
+    def username(self) -> Optional[str]: ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def executable(self) -> Optional[str]: ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def gpus_used(self) -> Optional[str]: ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def cpus_used(self) -> Optional[int]:  # can we get the model?
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def memory_used(self) -> Optional[int]: ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def runtime(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        wandb_runtime = self.run.summary.get("_wandb", {}).get("runtime")
+        base_runtime = self.run.summary.get("_runtime")
+
+        if (t := coalesce(wandb_runtime, base_runtime)) is None:
+            return t
+        return int(t)
+
+    def start_time(self) -> Optional[int]:
+        t = dt.fromisoformat(self.run.created_at).timestamp() * 1000
+        return int(t)
+
+    def code_path(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        path = self._metadata_file().get("codePath", "")
+        return f"code/{path}"
+
+    def cli_version(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return self._config_file().get("_wandb", {}).get("value", {}).get("cli_version")
+
+    def files(self) -> Optional[Iterable[Tuple[PathStr, Policy]]]:
+        if self._files is None:
+            files_dir = f"{internal.ROOT_DIR}/{self.run_id()}/files"
+            _files = []
+            for f in self.run.files():
+                f: File
+                # These optimizations are intended to avoid rate limiting when importing many runs in parallel
+                # Don't carry over empty files
+                if f.size == 0:
+                    continue
+                # Skip deadlist to avoid overloading S3
+                if "wandb_manifest.json.deadlist" in f.name:
+                    continue
+
+                result = f.download(files_dir, exist_ok=True, api=self.api)
+                file_and_policy = (result.name, "end")
+                _files.append(file_and_policy)
+            self._files = _files
+
+        yield from self._files
+
+    def logs(self) -> Optional[Iterable[str]]:
+        log_files = self._find_all_in_files_regex(r"^.*output\.log$")
+        for path in log_files:
+            with open(path) as f:
+                yield from f.readlines()
+
+    def _metadata_file(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        if (fname := self._find_in_files("wandb-metadata.json")) is None:
+            return {}
+
+        with open(fname) as f:
+            return json.loads(f.read())
+
+    def _config_file(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        if (fname := self._find_in_files("config.yaml")) is None:
+            return {}
+
+        with open(fname) as f:
+            return yaml.safe_load(f) or {}
+
+    def _get_rows_from_parquet_history_paths(self) -> Iterable[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        # Unfortunately, it's not feasible to validate non-parquet history
+        if not (paths := self._get_parquet_history_paths()):
+            yield {}
+            return
+
+        # Collect and merge parquet history
+        dfs = [
+            pl.read_parquet(p) for path in paths for p in Path(path).glob("*.parquet")
+        ]
+        if "_step" in (df := _merge_dfs(dfs)):
+            df = df.with_columns(pl.col("_step").cast(pl.Int64))
+        yield from df.iter_rows(named=True)
+
+    def _get_parquet_history_paths(self) -> Iterable[str]:
+        if self._parquet_history_paths is None:
+            paths = []
+            # self.artifacts() returns a copy of the artifacts; use this to get raw
+            for art in self.run.logged_artifacts():
+                if art.type != "wandb-history":
+                    continue
+                if (
+                    path := _download_art(art, root=f"{SRC_ART_PATH}/{art.name}")
+                ) is None:
+                    continue
+                paths.append(path)
+            self._parquet_history_paths = paths
+
+        yield from self._parquet_history_paths
+
+    def _find_in_files(self, name: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        if files := self.files():
+            for path, _ in files:
+                if name in path:
+                    return path
+        return None
+
+    def _find_all_in_files_regex(self, regex: str) -> Iterable[str]:
+        if files := self.files():
+            for path, _ in files:
+                if re.match(regex, path):
+                    yield path
+
+
+class WandbImporter:
+    """Transfers runs, reports, and artifact sequences between W&B instances."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        src_base_url: str,
+        src_api_key: str,
+        dst_base_url: str,
+        dst_api_key: str,
+        *,
+        custom_api_kwargs: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.src_base_url = src_base_url
+        self.src_api_key = src_api_key
+        self.dst_base_url = dst_base_url
+        self.dst_api_key = dst_api_key
+
+        if custom_api_kwargs is None:
+            custom_api_kwargs = {"timeout": 600}
+
+        self.src_api = wandb.Api(
+            api_key=src_api_key,
+            overrides={"base_url": src_base_url},
+            **custom_api_kwargs,
+        )
+        self.dst_api = wandb.Api(
+            api_key=dst_api_key,
+            overrides={"base_url": dst_base_url},
+            **custom_api_kwargs,
+        )
+
+        self.run_api_kwargs = {
+            "src_base_url": src_base_url,
+            "src_api_key": src_api_key,
+            "dst_base_url": dst_base_url,
+            "dst_api_key": dst_api_key,
+        }
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<WandbImporter src={self.src_base_url}, dst={self.dst_base_url}>"  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def _import_run(
+        self,
+        run: WandbRun,
+        *,
+        namespace: Optional[Namespace] = None,
+        config: Optional[internal.SendManagerConfig] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Import one WandbRun.
+
+        Use `namespace` to specify alternate settings like where the run should be uploaded
+        """
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = Namespace(run.entity(), run.project())
+
+        if config is None:
+            config = internal.SendManagerConfig(
+                metadata=True,
+                files=True,
+                media=True,
+                code=True,
+                history=True,
+                summary=True,
+                terminal_output=True,
+            )
+
+        settings_override = {
+            "api_key": self.dst_api_key,
+            "base_url": self.dst_base_url,
+            "resume": "true",
+            "resumed": True,
+        }
+
+        # Send run with base config
+        logger.debug(f"Importing run, {run=}")
+        internal.send_run(
+            run,
+            overrides=namespace.send_manager_overrides,
+            settings_override=settings_override,
+            config=config,
+        )
+
+        if config.history:
+            # Send run again with history artifacts in case config history=True, artifacts=False
+            # The history artifact must come with the actual history data
+
+            logger.debug(f"Collecting history artifacts, {run=}")
+            history_arts = []
+            for art in run.run.logged_artifacts():
+                if art.type != "wandb-history":
+                    continue
+                logger.debug(f"Collecting history artifact {art.name=}")
+                new_art = _clone_art(art)
+                history_arts.append(new_art)
+
+            logger.debug(f"Importing history artifacts, {run=}")
+            internal.send_run(
+                run,
+                extra_arts=history_arts,
+                overrides=namespace.send_manager_overrides,
+                settings_override=settings_override,
+                config=config,
+            )
+
+    def _delete_collection_in_dst(
+        self,
+        seq: ArtifactSequence,
+        namespace: Optional[Namespace] = None,
+    ):
+        """Deletes the equivalent artifact collection in destination.
+
+        Intended to clear the destination when an uploaded artifact does not pass validation.
+        """
+        entity = coalesce(namespace.entity, seq.entity)
+        project = coalesce(namespace.project, seq.project)
+        art_type = f"{entity}/{project}/{seq.type_}"
+        art_name = seq.name
+
+        logger.info(
+            f"Deleting collection {entity=}, {project=}, {art_type=}, {art_name=}"
+        )
+        try:
+            dst_collection = self.dst_api.artifact_collection(art_type, art_name)
+        except (wandb.CommError, ValueError):
+            logger.warn(f"Collection doesn't exist {art_type=}, {art_name=}")
+            return
+
+        try:
+            dst_collection.delete()
+        except (wandb.CommError, ValueError) as e:
+            logger.warn(f"Collection can't be deleted, {art_type=}, {art_name=}, {e=}")
+            return
+
+    def _import_artifact_sequence(
+        self,
+        seq: ArtifactSequence,
+        *,
+        namespace: Optional[Namespace] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Import one artifact sequence.
+
+        Use `namespace` to specify alternate settings like where the artifact sequence should be uploaded
+        """
+        if not seq.artifacts:
+            # The artifact sequence has no versions.  This usually means all artifacts versions were deleted intentionally,
+            # but it can also happen if the sequence represents run history and that run was deleted.
+            logger.warn(f"Artifact {seq=} has no artifacts, skipping.")
+            return
+
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = Namespace(seq.entity, seq.project)
+
+        settings_override = {
+            "api_key": self.dst_api_key,
+            "base_url": self.dst_base_url,
+            "resume": "true",
+            "resumed": True,
+        }
+
+        send_manager_config = internal.SendManagerConfig(log_artifacts=True)
+
+        # Delete any existing artifact sequence, otherwise versions will be out of order
+        # Unfortunately, you can't delete only part of the sequence because versions are "remembered" even after deletion
+        self._delete_collection_in_dst(seq, namespace)
+
+        # Get a placeholder run for dummy artifacts we'll upload later
+        art = seq.artifacts[0]
+        run_or_dummy: Optional[Run] = _get_run_or_dummy_from_art(art, self.src_api)
+
+        # Each `group_of_artifacts` is either:
+        # 1. A single "real" artifact in a list; or
+        # 2. A list of dummy artifacts that are uploaded together.
+        # This guarantees the real artifacts have the correct version numbers while allowing for parallel upload of dummies.
+        groups_of_artifacts = list(_make_groups_of_artifacts(seq))
+        for i, group in enumerate(groups_of_artifacts, 1):
+            art = group[0]
+            if art.description == ART_SEQUENCE_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER:
+                run = WandbRun(run_or_dummy, **self.run_api_kwargs)
+            else:
+                try:
+                    wandb_run = art.logged_by()
+                except ValueError:
+                    # The run used to exist but has since been deleted
+                    # wandb_run = None
+                    pass
+
+                # Could be logged by None (rare) or ValueError
+                if wandb_run is None:
+                    logger.warn(
+                        f"Run for {art.name=} does not exist (deleted?), using {run_or_dummy=}"
+                    )
+                    wandb_run = run_or_dummy
+
+                new_art = _clone_art(art)
+                group = [new_art]
+                run = WandbRun(wandb_run, **self.run_api_kwargs)
+
+            logger.info(
+                f"Uploading partial artifact {seq=}, {i}/{len(groups_of_artifacts)}"
+            )
+            internal.send_run(
+                run,
+                extra_arts=group,
+                overrides=namespace.send_manager_overrides,
+                settings_override=settings_override,
+                config=send_manager_config,
+            )
+        logger.info(f"Finished uploading {seq=}")
+
+        # query it back and remove placeholders
+        self._remove_placeholders(seq)
+
+    def _remove_placeholders(self, seq: ArtifactSequence) -> None:
+        try:
+            retry_arts_func = internal.exp_retry(self._dst_api.artifacts)
+            dst_arts = list(retry_arts_func(seq.type_, seq.name))
+        except wandb.CommError:
+            logger.warn(f"{seq=} does not exist in dst.  Has it already been deleted?")
+            return
+        except TypeError as e:
+            logger.error(f"Problem getting dst versions (try again later) {e=}")
+            return
+
+        for art in dst_arts:
+            if art.description != ART_SEQUENCE_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER:
+                continue
+            if art.type in ("wandb-history", "job"):
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                art.delete(delete_aliases=True)
+            except wandb.CommError as e:
+                if "cannot delete system managed artifact" in str(e):
+                    logger.warn("Cannot delete system managed artifact")
+                else:
+                    raise e
+
+    def _get_dst_art(
+        self, src_art: Run, entity: Optional[str] = None, project: Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> Artifact:
+        entity = coalesce(entity, src_art.entity)
+        project = coalesce(project, src_art.project)
+        name = src_art.name
+
+        return self.dst_api._artifact(f"{entity}/{project}/{name}")
+
+    def _get_run_problems(
+        self, src_run: Run, dst_run: Run, force_retry: bool = False
+    ) -> List[dict]:
+        problems = []
+
+        if force_retry:
+            problems.append("__force_retry__")
+
+        if non_matching_metadata := self._compare_run_metadata(src_run, dst_run):
+            problems.append("metadata:" + str(non_matching_metadata))
+
+        if non_matching_summary := self._compare_run_summary(src_run, dst_run):
+            problems.append("summary:" + str(non_matching_summary))
+
+        # TODO: Compare files?
+
+        return problems
+
+    def _compare_run_metadata(self, src_run: Run, dst_run: Run) -> dict:
+        fname = "wandb-metadata.json"
+        # problems = {}
+
+        src_f = src_run.file(fname)
+        if src_f.size == 0:
+            # the src was corrupted so no comparisons here will ever work
+            return {}
+
+        dst_f = dst_run.file(fname)
+        try:
+            contents = wandb.util.download_file_into_memory(
+                dst_f.url, self.dst_api.api_key
+            )
+        except urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError:
+            return {"Error checking": "Timeout"}
+        except requests.HTTPError as e:
+            if e.response.status_code == 404:
+                return {"Bad upload": f"File not found: {fname}"}
+            return {"http problem": f"{fname}: ({e})"}
+
+        dst_meta = wandb.wandb_sdk.lib.json_util.loads(contents)
+
+        non_matching = {}
+        if src_run.metadata:
+            for k, src_v in src_run.metadata.items():
+                if k not in dst_meta:
+                    non_matching[k] = {"src": src_v, "dst": "KEY NOT FOUND"}
+                    continue
+                dst_v = dst_meta[k]
+                if src_v != dst_v:
+                    non_matching[k] = {"src": src_v, "dst": dst_v}
+
+        return non_matching
+
+    def _compare_run_summary(self, src_run: Run, dst_run: Run) -> dict:
+        non_matching = {}
+        for k, src_v in src_run.summary.items():
+            # These won't match between systems and that's ok
+            if isinstance(src_v, str) and src_v.startswith("wandb-client-artifact://"):
+                continue
+            if k in ("_wandb", "_runtime"):
+                continue
+
+            src_v = _recursive_cast_to_dict(src_v)
+
+            dst_v = dst_run.summary.get(k)
+            dst_v = _recursive_cast_to_dict(dst_v)
+
+            if isinstance(src_v, dict) and isinstance(dst_v, dict):
+                for kk, sv in src_v.items():
+                    # These won't match between systems and that's ok
+                    if isinstance(sv, str) and sv.startswith(
+                        "wandb-client-artifact://"
+                    ):
+                        continue
+                    dv = dst_v.get(kk)
+                    if not _almost_equal(sv, dv):
+                        non_matching[f"{k}-{kk}"] = {"src": sv, "dst": dv}
+            else:
+                if not _almost_equal(src_v, dst_v):
+                    non_matching[k] = {"src": src_v, "dst": dst_v}
+
+        return non_matching
+
+    def _collect_failed_artifact_sequences(self) -> Iterable[ArtifactSequence]:
+        if (df := _read_ndjson(ARTIFACT_ERRORS_FNAME)) is None:
+            logger.debug(f"{ARTIFACT_ERRORS_FNAME=} is empty, returning nothing")
+            return
+
+        unique_failed_sequences = df[
+            ["src_entity", "src_project", "name", "type"]
+        ].unique()
+
+        for row in unique_failed_sequences.iter_rows(named=True):
+            entity = row["src_entity"]
+            project = row["src_project"]
+            name = row["name"]
+            _type = row["type"]
+
+            art_name = f"{entity}/{project}/{name}"
+            arts = self.src_api.artifacts(_type, art_name)
+            arts = sorted(arts, key=lambda a: int(a.version.lstrip("v")))
+            arts = sorted(arts, key=lambda a: a.type)
+
+            yield ArtifactSequence(arts, entity, project, _type, name)
+
+    def _cleanup_dummy_runs(
+        self,
+        *,
+        namespaces: Optional[Iterable[Namespace]] = None,
+        api: Optional[Api] = None,
+        remapping: Optional[Dict[Namespace, Namespace]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        api = coalesce(api, self.dst_api)
+        namespaces = coalesce(namespaces, self._all_namespaces())
+
+        for ns in namespaces:
+            if remapping and ns in remapping:
+                ns = remapping[ns]
+
+            logger.debug(f"Cleaning up, {ns=}")
+            try:
+                runs = list(
+                    api.runs(ns.path, filters={"displayName": RUN_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER})
+                )
+            except ValueError as e:
+                if "Could not find project" in str(e):
+                    logger.error("Could not find project, does it exist?")
+                    continue
+
+            for run in runs:
+                logger.debug(f"Deleting dummy {run=}")
+                run.delete(delete_artifacts=False)
+
+    def _import_report(
+        self, report: Report, *, namespace: Optional[Namespace] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Import one wandb.Report.
+
+        Use `namespace` to specify alternate settings like where the report should be uploaded
+        """
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = Namespace(report.entity, report.project)
+
+        entity = coalesce(namespace.entity, report.entity)
+        project = coalesce(namespace.project, report.project)
+        name = report.name
+        title = report.title
+        description = report.description
+
+        api = self.dst_api
+
+        # We shouldn't need to upsert the project for every report
+        logger.debug(f"Upserting {entity=}/{project=}")
+        try:
+            api.create_project(project, entity)
+        except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as e:
+            if e.response.status_code != 409:
+                logger.warn(f"Issue upserting {entity=}/{project=}, {e=}")
+
+        logger.debug(f"Upserting report {entity=}, {project=}, {name=}, {title=}")
+        api.client.execute(
+            wr.report.UPSERT_VIEW,
+            variable_values={
+                "id": None,  # Is there any benefit for this to be the same as default report?
+                "name": name,
+                "entityName": entity,
+                "projectName": project,
+                "description": description,
+                "displayName": title,
+                "type": "runs",
+                "spec": json.dumps(report.spec),
+            },
+        )
+
+    def _use_artifact_sequence(
+        self,
+        sequence: ArtifactSequence,
+        *,
+        namespace: Optional[Namespace] = None,
+    ):
+        if namespace is None:
+            namespace = Namespace(sequence.entity, sequence.project)
+
+        settings_override = {
+            "api_key": self.dst_api_key,
+            "base_url": self.dst_base_url,
+            "resume": "true",
+            "resumed": True,
+        }
+        logger.debug(f"Using artifact sequence with {settings_override=}, {namespace=}")
+
+        send_manager_config = internal.SendManagerConfig(use_artifacts=True)
+
+        for art in sequence:
+            if (used_by := art.used_by()) is None:
+                continue
+
+            for wandb_run in used_by:
+                run = WandbRun(wandb_run, **self.run_api_kwargs)
+
+                internal.send_run(
+                    run,
+                    overrides=namespace.send_manager_overrides,
+                    settings_override=settings_override,
+                    config=send_manager_config,
+                )
+
+    def import_runs(
+        self,
+        *,
+        namespaces: Optional[Iterable[Namespace]] = None,
+        remapping: Optional[Dict[Namespace, Namespace]] = None,
+        parallel: bool = True,
+        incremental: bool = True,
+        max_workers: Optional[int] = None,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        metadata: bool = True,
+        files: bool = True,
+        media: bool = True,
+        code: bool = True,
+        history: bool = True,
+        summary: bool = True,
+        terminal_output: bool = True,
+    ):
+        logger.info("START: Import runs")
+
+        logger.info("Setting up for import")
+        _create_files_if_not_exists()
+        _clear_fname(RUN_ERRORS_FNAME)
+
+        logger.info("Collecting runs")
+        runs = list(self._collect_runs(namespaces=namespaces, limit=limit))
+
+        logger.info(f"Validating runs, {len(runs)=}")
+        self._validate_runs(
+            runs,
+            skip_previously_validated=incremental,
+            remapping=remapping,
+        )
+
+        logger.info("Collecting failed runs")
+        runs = list(self._collect_failed_runs())
+
+        logger.info(f"Importing runs, {len(runs)=}")
+
+        def _import_run_wrapped(run):
+            namespace = Namespace(run.entity(), run.project())
+            if remapping is not None and namespace in remapping:
+                namespace = remapping[namespace]
+
+            config = internal.SendManagerConfig(
+                metadata=metadata,
+                files=files,
+                media=media,
+                code=code,
+                history=history,
+                summary=summary,
+                terminal_output=terminal_output,
+            )
+
+            logger.debug(f"Importing {run=}, {namespace=}, {config=}")
+            self._import_run(run, namespace=namespace, config=config)
+            logger.debug(f"Finished importing {run=}, {namespace=}, {config=}")
+
+        for_each(_import_run_wrapped, runs, max_workers=max_workers, parallel=parallel)
+        logger.info("END: Importing runs")
+
+    def import_reports(
+        self,
+        *,
+        namespaces: Optional[Iterable[Namespace]] = None,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        remapping: Optional[Dict[Namespace, Namespace]] = None,
+    ):
+        logger.info("START: Importing reports")
+
+        logger.info("Collecting reports")
+        reports = self._collect_reports(namespaces=namespaces, limit=limit)
+
+        logger.info("Importing reports")
+
+        def _import_report_wrapped(report):
+            namespace = Namespace(report.entity, report.project)
+            if remapping is not None and namespace in remapping:
+                namespace = remapping[namespace]
+
+            logger.debug(f"Importing {report=}, {namespace=}")
+            self._import_report(report, namespace=namespace)
+            logger.debug(f"Finished importing {report=}, {namespace=}")
+
+        for_each(_import_report_wrapped, reports)
+
+        logger.info("END: Importing reports")
+
+    def import_artifact_sequences(
+        self,
+        *,
+        namespaces: Optional[Iterable[Namespace]] = None,
+        incremental: bool = True,
+        max_workers: Optional[int] = None,
+        remapping: Optional[Dict[Namespace, Namespace]] = None,
+    ):
+        """Import all artifact sequences from `namespaces`.
+
+        Note: There is a known bug with the AWS backend where artifacts > 2048MB will fail to upload.  This seems to be related to multipart uploads, but we don't have a fix yet.
+        """
+        logger.info("START: Importing artifact sequences")
+        _clear_fname(ARTIFACT_ERRORS_FNAME)
+
+        logger.info("Collecting artifact sequences")
+        seqs = list(self._collect_artifact_sequences(namespaces=namespaces))
+
+        logger.info("Validating artifact sequences")
+        self._validate_artifact_sequences(
+            seqs,
+            incremental=incremental,
+            remapping=remapping,
+        )
+
+        logger.info("Collecting failed artifact sequences")
+        seqs = list(self._collect_failed_artifact_sequences())
+
+        logger.info(f"Importing artifact sequences, {len(seqs)=}")
+
+        def _import_artifact_sequence_wrapped(seq):
+            namespace = Namespace(seq.entity, seq.project)
+            if remapping is not None and namespace in remapping:
+                namespace = remapping[namespace]
+
+            logger.debug(f"Importing artifact sequence {seq=}, {namespace=}")
+            self._import_artifact_sequence(seq, namespace=namespace)
+            logger.debug(f"Finished importing artifact sequence {seq=}, {namespace=}")
+
+        for_each(_import_artifact_sequence_wrapped, seqs, max_workers=max_workers)
+
+        # it's safer to just use artifact on all seqs to make sure we don't miss anything
+        # For seqs that have already been used, this is a no-op.
+        logger.debug(f"Using artifact sequences, {len(seqs)=}")
+
+        def _use_artifact_sequence_wrapped(seq):
+            namespace = Namespace(seq.entity, seq.project)
+            if remapping is not None and namespace in remapping:
+                namespace = remapping[namespace]
+
+            logger.debug(f"Using artifact sequence {seq=}, {namespace=}")
+            self._use_artifact_sequence(seq, namespace=namespace)
+            logger.debug(f"Finished using artifact sequence {seq=}, {namespace=}")
+
+        for_each(_use_artifact_sequence_wrapped, seqs, max_workers=max_workers)
+
+        # Artifacts whose parent runs have been deleted should have that run deleted in the
+        # destination as well
+
+        logger.info("Cleaning up dummy runs")
+        self._cleanup_dummy_runs(
+            namespaces=namespaces,
+            remapping=remapping,
+        )
+
+        logger.info("END: Importing artifact sequences")
+
+    def import_all(
+        self,
+        *,
+        runs: bool = True,
+        artifacts: bool = True,
+        reports: bool = True,
+        namespaces: Optional[Iterable[Namespace]] = None,
+        incremental: bool = True,
+        remapping: Optional[Dict[Namespace, Namespace]] = None,
+    ):
+        logger.info(f"START: Importing all, {runs=}, {artifacts=}, {reports=}")
+        if runs:
+            self.import_runs(
+                namespaces=namespaces,
+                incremental=incremental,
+                remapping=remapping,
+            )
+
+        if reports:
+            self.import_reports(
+                namespaces=namespaces,
+                remapping=remapping,
+            )
+
+        if artifacts:
+            self.import_artifact_sequences(
+                namespaces=namespaces,
+                incremental=incremental,
+                remapping=remapping,
+            )
+
+        logger.info("END: Importing all")
+
+    def _validate_run(
+        self,
+        src_run: Run,
+        *,
+        remapping: Optional[Dict[Namespace, Namespace]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        namespace = Namespace(src_run.entity, src_run.project)
+        if remapping is not None and namespace in remapping:
+            namespace = remapping[namespace]
+
+        dst_entity = namespace.entity
+        dst_project = namespace.project
+        run_id = src_run.id
+
+        try:
+            dst_run = self.dst_api.run(f"{dst_entity}/{dst_project}/{run_id}")
+        except wandb.CommError:
+            problems = [f"run does not exist in dst at {dst_entity=}/{dst_project=}"]
+        else:
+            problems = self._get_run_problems(src_run, dst_run)
+
+        d = {
+            "src_entity": src_run.entity,
+            "src_project": src_run.project,
+            "dst_entity": dst_entity,
+            "dst_project": dst_project,
+            "run_id": run_id,
+        }
+        if problems:
+            d["problems"] = problems
+            fname = RUN_ERRORS_FNAME
+        else:
+            fname = RUN_SUCCESSES_FNAME
+
+        with filelock.FileLock("runs.lock"):
+            with open(fname, "a") as f:
+                f.write(json.dumps(d) + "\n")
+
+    def _filter_previously_checked_runs(
+        self,
+        runs: Iterable[Run],
+        *,
+        remapping: Optional[Dict[Namespace, Namespace]] = None,
+    ) -> Iterable[Run]:
+        if (df := _read_ndjson(RUN_SUCCESSES_FNAME)) is None:
+            logger.debug(f"{RUN_SUCCESSES_FNAME=} is empty, yielding all runs")
+            yield from runs
+            return
+
+        data = []
+        for r in runs:
+            namespace = Namespace(r.entity, r.project)
+            if remapping is not None and namespace in remapping:
+                namespace = remapping[namespace]
+
+            data.append(
+                {
+                    "src_entity": r.entity,
+                    "src_project": r.project,
+                    "dst_entity": namespace.entity,
+                    "dst_project": namespace.project,
+                    "run_id": r.id,
+                    "data": r,
+                }
+            )
+        df2 = pl.DataFrame(data)
+        logger.debug(f"Starting with {len(runs)=} in namespaces")
+
+        results = df2.join(
+            df,
+            how="anti",
+            on=["src_entity", "src_project", "dst_entity", "dst_project", "run_id"],
+        )
+        logger.debug(f"After filtering out already successful runs, {len(results)=}")
+
+        if not results.is_empty():
+            results = results.filter(~results["run_id"].is_null())
+            results = results.unique(
+                ["src_entity", "src_project", "dst_entity", "dst_project", "run_id"]
+            )
+
+        for r in results.iter_rows(named=True):
+            yield r["data"]
+
+    def _validate_artifact(
+        self,
+        src_art: Artifact,
+        dst_entity: str,
+        dst_project: str,
+        download_files_and_compare: bool = False,
+        check_entries_are_downloadable: bool = True,
+    ):
+        problems = []
+
+        # These patterns of artifacts are special and should not be validated
+        ignore_patterns = [
+            r"^job-(.*?)\.py(:v\d+)?$",
+            # r"^run-.*-history(?:\:v\d+)?$$",
+        ]
+        for pattern in ignore_patterns:
+            if re.search(pattern, src_art.name):
+                return (src_art, dst_entity, dst_project, problems)
+
+        try:
+            dst_art = self._get_dst_art(src_art, dst_entity, dst_project)
+        except Exception:
+            problems.append("destination artifact not found")
+            return (src_art, dst_entity, dst_project, problems)
+
+        try:
+            logger.debug("Comparing artifact manifests")
+        except Exception as e:
+            problems.append(
+                f"Problem getting problems! problem with {src_art.entity=}, {src_art.project=}, {src_art.name=} {e=}"
+            )
+        else:
+            problems += validation._compare_artifact_manifests(src_art, dst_art)
+
+        if check_entries_are_downloadable:
+            # validation._check_entries_are_downloadable(src_art)
+            validation._check_entries_are_downloadable(dst_art)
+
+        if download_files_and_compare:
+            logger.debug(f"Downloading {src_art=}")
+            try:
+                src_dir = _download_art(src_art, root=f"{SRC_ART_PATH}/{src_art.name}")
+            except requests.HTTPError as e:
+                problems.append(
+                    f"Invalid download link for src {src_art.entity=}, {src_art.project=}, {src_art.name=}, {e}"
+                )
+
+            logger.debug(f"Downloading {dst_art=}")
+            try:
+                dst_dir = _download_art(dst_art, root=f"{DST_ART_PATH}/{dst_art.name}")
+            except requests.HTTPError as e:
+                problems.append(
+                    f"Invalid download link for dst {dst_art.entity=}, {dst_art.project=}, {dst_art.name=}, {e}"
+                )
+            else:
+                logger.debug(f"Comparing artifact dirs {src_dir=}, {dst_dir=}")
+                if problem := validation._compare_artifact_dirs(src_dir, dst_dir):
+                    problems.append(problem)
+
+        return (src_art, dst_entity, dst_project, problems)
+
+    def _validate_runs(
+        self,
+        runs: Iterable[WandbRun],
+        *,
+        skip_previously_validated: bool = True,
+        remapping: Optional[Dict[Namespace, Namespace]] = None,
+    ):
+        base_runs = [r.run for r in runs]
+        if skip_previously_validated:
+            base_runs = list(
+                self._filter_previously_checked_runs(
+                    base_runs,
+                    remapping=remapping,
+                )
+            )
+
+        def _validate_run(run):
+            logger.debug(f"Validating {run=}")
+            self._validate_run(run, remapping=remapping)
+            logger.debug(f"Finished validating {run=}")
+
+        for_each(_validate_run, base_runs)
+
+    def _collect_failed_runs(self):
+        if (df := _read_ndjson(RUN_ERRORS_FNAME)) is None:
+            logger.debug(f"{RUN_ERRORS_FNAME=} is empty, returning nothing")
+            return
+
+        unique_failed_runs = df[
+            ["src_entity", "src_project", "dst_entity", "dst_project", "run_id"]
+        ].unique()
+
+        for row in unique_failed_runs.iter_rows(named=True):
+            src_entity = row["src_entity"]
+            src_project = row["src_project"]
+            # dst_entity = row["dst_entity"]
+            # dst_project = row["dst_project"]
+            run_id = row["run_id"]
+
+            run = self.src_api.run(f"{src_entity}/{src_project}/{run_id}")
+            yield WandbRun(run, **self.run_api_kwargs)
+
+    def _filter_previously_checked_artifacts(self, seqs: Iterable[ArtifactSequence]):
+        if (df := _read_ndjson(ARTIFACT_SUCCESSES_FNAME)) is None:
+            logger.info(
+                f"{ARTIFACT_SUCCESSES_FNAME=} is empty, yielding all artifact sequences"
+            )
+            for seq in seqs:
+                yield from seq.artifacts
+            return
+
+        for seq in seqs:
+            for art in seq:
+                try:
+                    logged_by = _get_run_or_dummy_from_art(art, self.src_api)
+                except requests.HTTPError as e:
+                    logger.error(f"Failed to get run, skipping: {art=}, {e=}")
+                    continue
+
+                if art.type == "wandb-history" and isinstance(logged_by, _DummyRun):
+                    logger.debug(f"Skipping history artifact {art=}")
+                    # We can never upload valid history for a deleted run, so skip it
+                    continue
+
+                entity = art.entity
+                project = art.project
+                _type = art.type
+                name, ver = _get_art_name_ver(art)
+
+                filtered_df = df.filter(
+                    (df["src_entity"] == entity)
+                    & (df["src_project"] == project)
+                    & (df["name"] == name)
+                    & (df["version"] == ver)
+                    & (df["type"] == _type)
+                )
+
+                # not in file, so not verified yet, don't filter out
+                if len(filtered_df) == 0:
+                    yield art
+
+    def _validate_artifact_sequences(
+        self,
+        seqs: Iterable[ArtifactSequence],
+        *,
+        incremental: bool = True,
+        download_files_and_compare: bool = False,
+        check_entries_are_downloadable: bool = True,
+        remapping: Optional[Dict[Namespace, Namespace]] = None,
+    ):
+        if incremental:
+            logger.info("Validating in incremental mode")
+
+            def filtered_sequences():
+                for seq in seqs:
+                    if not seq.artifacts:
+                        continue
+
+                    art = seq.artifacts[0]
+                    try:
+                        logged_by = _get_run_or_dummy_from_art(art, self.src_api)
+                    except requests.HTTPError as e:
+                        logger.error(
+                            f"Validate Artifact http error: {art.entity=}, {art.project=}, {art.name=}, {e=}"
+                        )
+                        continue
+
+                    if art.type == "wandb-history" and isinstance(logged_by, _DummyRun):
+                        # We can never upload valid history for a deleted run, so skip it
+                        continue
+
+                    yield seq
+
+            artifacts = self._filter_previously_checked_artifacts(filtered_sequences())
+        else:
+            logger.info("Validating in non-incremental mode")
+            artifacts = [art for seq in seqs for art in seq.artifacts]
+
+        def _validate_artifact_wrapped(args):
+            art, entity, project = args
+            if (
+                remapping is not None
+                and (namespace := Namespace(entity, project)) in remapping
+            ):
+                remapped_ns = remapping[namespace]
+                entity = remapped_ns.entity
+                project = remapped_ns.project
+
+            logger.debug(f"Validating {art=}, {entity=}, {project=}")
+            result = self._validate_artifact(
+                art,
+                entity,
+                project,
+                download_files_and_compare=download_files_and_compare,
+                check_entries_are_downloadable=check_entries_are_downloadable,
+            )
+            logger.debug(f"Finished validating {art=}, {entity=}, {project=}")
+            return result
+
+        args = ((art, art.entity, art.project) for art in artifacts)
+        art_problems = for_each(_validate_artifact_wrapped, args)
+        for art, dst_entity, dst_project, problems in art_problems:
+            name, ver = _get_art_name_ver(art)
+            d = {
+                "src_entity": art.entity,
+                "src_project": art.project,
+                "dst_entity": dst_entity,
+                "dst_project": dst_project,
+                "name": name,
+                "version": ver,
+                "type": art.type,
+            }
+
+            if problems:
+                d["problems"] = problems
+                fname = ARTIFACT_ERRORS_FNAME
+            else:
+                fname = ARTIFACT_SUCCESSES_FNAME
+
+            with open(fname, "a") as f:
+                f.write(json.dumps(d) + "\n")
+
+    def _collect_runs(
+        self,
+        *,
+        namespaces: Optional[Iterable[Namespace]] = None,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        skip_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        start_date: Optional[str] = None,
+        api: Optional[Api] = None,
+    ) -> Iterable[WandbRun]:
+        api = coalesce(api, self.src_api)
+        namespaces = coalesce(namespaces, self._all_namespaces())
+
+        filters: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+        if skip_ids is not None:
+            filters["name"] = {"$nin": skip_ids}
+        if start_date is not None:
+            filters["createdAt"] = {"$gte": start_date}
+
+        def _runs():
+            for ns in namespaces:
+                logger.debug(f"Collecting runs from {ns=}")
+                for run in api.runs(ns.path, filters=filters):
+                    yield WandbRun(run, **self.run_api_kwargs)
+
+        runs = itertools.islice(_runs(), limit)
+        yield from runs
+
+    def _all_namespaces(
+        self, *, entity: Optional[str] = None, api: Optional[Api] = None
+    ):
+        api = coalesce(api, self.src_api)
+        entity = coalesce(entity, api.default_entity)
+        projects = api.projects(entity)
+        for p in projects:
+            yield Namespace(p.entity, p.name)
+
+    def _collect_reports(
+        self,
+        *,
+        namespaces: Optional[Iterable[Namespace]] = None,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        api: Optional[Api] = None,
+    ):
+        api = coalesce(api, self.src_api)
+        namespaces = coalesce(namespaces, self._all_namespaces())
+
+        wandb.login(key=self.src_api_key, host=self.src_base_url)
+
+        def reports():
+            for ns in namespaces:
+                for r in api.reports(ns.path):
+                    yield wr.Report.from_url(r.url, api=api)
+
+        yield from itertools.islice(reports(), limit)
+
+    def _collect_artifact_sequences(
+        self,
+        *,
+        namespaces: Optional[Iterable[Namespace]] = None,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        api: Optional[Api] = None,
+    ):
+        api = coalesce(api, self.src_api)
+        namespaces = coalesce(namespaces, self._all_namespaces())
+
+        def artifact_sequences():
+            for ns in namespaces:
+                logger.debug(f"Collecting artifact sequences from {ns=}")
+                types = []
+                try:
+                    types = [t for t in api.artifact_types(ns.path)]
+                except Exception as e:
+                    logger.error(f"Failed to get artifact types {e=}")
+
+                for t in types:
+                    collections = []
+
+                    # Skip history because it's really for run history
+                    if t.name == "wandb-history":
+                        continue
+
+                    try:
+                        collections = t.collections()
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        logger.error(f"Failed to get artifact collections {e=}")
+
+                    for c in collections:
+                        if c.is_sequence():
+                            yield ArtifactSequence.from_collection(c)
+
+        seqs = itertools.islice(artifact_sequences(), limit)
+        unique_sequences = {seq.identifier: seq for seq in seqs}
+        yield from unique_sequences.values()
+
+
+def _get_art_name_ver(art: Artifact) -> Tuple[str, int]:
+    name, ver = art.name.split(":v")
+    return name, int(ver)
+
+
+def _make_dummy_art(name: str, _type: str, ver: int):
+    art = Artifact(name, ART_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER_TYPE)
+    art._type = _type
+    art._description = ART_SEQUENCE_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER
+
+    p = Path(ART_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER_PATH)
+    p.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+    # dummy file with different name to prevent dedupe
+    fname = p / str(ver)
+    with open(fname, "w"):
+        pass
+    art.add_file(fname)
+
+    return art
+
+
+def _make_groups_of_artifacts(seq: ArtifactSequence, start: int = 0):
+    prev_ver = start - 1
+    for art in seq:
+        name, ver = _get_art_name_ver(art)
+
+        # If there's a gap between versions, fill with dummy artifacts
+        if ver - prev_ver > 1:
+            yield [_make_dummy_art(name, art.type, v) for v in range(prev_ver + 1, ver)]
+
+        # Then yield the actual artifact
+        # Must always be a list of one artifact to guarantee ordering
+        yield [art]
+        prev_ver = ver
+
+
+def _recursive_cast_to_dict(obj):
+    if isinstance(obj, list):
+        return [_recursive_cast_to_dict(item) for item in obj]
+    elif isinstance(obj, dict) or hasattr(obj, "items"):
+        new_dict = {}
+        for key, value in obj.items():
+            new_dict[key] = _recursive_cast_to_dict(value)
+        return new_dict
+    else:
+        return obj
+
+
+def _almost_equal(x, y, eps=1e-6):
+    if isinstance(x, dict) and isinstance(y, dict):
+        if x.keys() != y.keys():
+            return False
+        return all(_almost_equal(x[k], y[k], eps) for k in x)
+
+    if isinstance(x, numbers.Number) and isinstance(y, numbers.Number):
+        return abs(x - y) < eps
+
+    if type(x) is not type(y):
+        return False
+
+    return x == y
+
+
+@dataclass
+class _DummyUser:
+    username: str = ""
+
+
+@dataclass
+class _DummyRun:
+    entity: str = ""
+    project: str = ""
+    run_id: str = RUN_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER
+    id: str = RUN_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER
+    display_name: str = RUN_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER
+    notes: str = ""
+    url: str = ""
+    group: str = ""
+    created_at: str = "2000-01-01"
+    user: _DummyUser = field(default_factory=_DummyUser)
+    tags: list = field(default_factory=list)
+    summary: dict = field(default_factory=dict)
+    config: dict = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    def files(self):
+        return []
+
+
+def _read_ndjson(fname: str) -> Optional[pl.DataFrame]:
+    try:
+        df = pl.read_ndjson(fname)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        return None
+    except RuntimeError as e:
+        # No runs previously checked
+        if "empty string is not a valid JSON value" in str(e):
+            return None
+        if "error parsing ndjson" in str(e):
+            return None
+        raise e
+
+    return df
+
+
+def _get_run_or_dummy_from_art(art: Artifact, api=None):
+    run = None
+
+    try:
+        run = art.logged_by()
+    except ValueError as e:
+        logger.warn(
+            f"Can't log artifact because run does't exist, {art=}, {run=}, {e=}"
+        )
+
+    if run is not None:
+        return run
+
+    query = gql(
+        """
+        query ArtifactCreatedBy(
+            $id: ID!
+        ) {
+            artifact(id: $id) {
+                createdBy {
+                    ... on Run {
+                        name
+                        project {
+                            name
+                            entityName
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    """
+    )
+    response = api.client.execute(query, variable_values={"id": art.id})
+    creator = response.get("artifact", {}).get("createdBy", {})
+    run = _DummyRun(
+        entity=art.entity,
+        project=art.project,
+        run_id=creator.get("name", RUN_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER),
+        id=creator.get("name", RUN_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER),
+    )
+    return run
+
+
+def _clear_fname(fname: str) -> None:
+    old_fname = f"{internal.ROOT_DIR}/{fname}"
+    new_fname = f"{internal.ROOT_DIR}/prev_{fname}"
+
+    logger.debug(f"Moving {old_fname=} to {new_fname=}")
+    try:
+        shutil.copy2(old_fname, new_fname)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        # this is just to make a copy of the last iteration, so its ok if the src doesn't exist
+        pass
+
+    with open(fname, "w"):
+        pass
+
+
+def _download_art(art: Artifact, root: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    try:
+        with patch("click.echo"):
+            return art.download(root=root, skip_cache=True)
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"Error downloading artifact {art=}, {e=}")
+
+
+def _clone_art(art: Artifact, root: Optional[str] = None):
+    if root is None:
+        # Currently, we would only ever clone a src artifact to move it to dst.
+        root = f"{SRC_ART_PATH}/{art.name}"
+
+    if (path := _download_art(art, root=root)) is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"Problem downloading {art=}")
+
+    name, _ = art.name.split(":v")
+
+    # Hack: skip naming validation check for wandb-* types
+    new_art = Artifact(name, ART_DUMMY_PLACEHOLDER_TYPE)
+    new_art._type = art.type
+    new_art._created_at = art.created_at
+
+    new_art._aliases = art.aliases
+    new_art._description = art.description
+
+    with patch("click.echo"):
+        new_art.add_dir(path)
+
+    return new_art
+
+
+def _create_files_if_not_exists() -> None:
+    fnames = [
+        ARTIFACT_ERRORS_FNAME,
+        ARTIFACT_SUCCESSES_FNAME,
+        RUN_ERRORS_FNAME,
+        RUN_SUCCESSES_FNAME,
+    ]
+
+    for fname in fnames:
+        logger.debug(f"Creating {fname=} if not exists")
+        with open(fname, "a"):
+            pass
+
+
+def _merge_dfs(dfs: List[pl.DataFrame]) -> pl.DataFrame:
+    # Ensure there are DataFrames in the list
+    if len(dfs) == 0:
+        return pl.DataFrame()
+
+    if len(dfs) == 1:
+        return dfs[0]
+
+    merged_df = dfs[0]
+    for df in dfs[1:]:
+        merged_df = merged_df.join(df, how="outer", on=["_step"])
+        col_pairs = [
+            (c, f"{c}_right")
+            for c in merged_df.columns
+            if f"{c}_right" in merged_df.columns
+        ]
+        for col, right in col_pairs:
+            new_col = merged_df[col].fill_null(merged_df[right])
+            merged_df = merged_df.with_columns(new_col).drop(right)
+
+    return merged_df