ultralytics 8.0.194__py3-none-any.whl → 8.0.196__py3-none-any.whl

ultralytics/models/utils/loss.py

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ class DETRLoss(nn.Module):
         self.device = None
 
     def _get_loss_class(self, pred_scores, targets, gt_scores, num_gts, postfix=''):
+        """Computes the classification loss based on predictions, target values, and ground truth scores."""
         # logits: [b, query, num_classes], gt_class: list[[n, 1]]
         name_class = f'loss_class{postfix}'
         bs, nq = pred_scores.shape[:2]
@@ -68,6 +69,9 @@ class DETRLoss(nn.Module):
         return {name_class: loss_cls.squeeze() * self.loss_gain['class']}
 
     def _get_loss_bbox(self, pred_bboxes, gt_bboxes, postfix=''):
+        """Calculates and returns the bounding box loss and GIoU loss for the predicted and ground truth bounding
+        boxes.
+        """
         # boxes: [b, query, 4], gt_bbox: list[[n, 4]]
         name_bbox = f'loss_bbox{postfix}'
         name_giou = f'loss_giou{postfix}'
@@ -125,7 +129,7 @@ class DETRLoss(nn.Module):
                       postfix='',
                       masks=None,
                       gt_mask=None):
-        """Get auxiliary losses"""
+        """Get auxiliary losses."""
         # NOTE: loss class, bbox, giou, mask, dice
         loss = torch.zeros(5 if masks is not None else 3, device=pred_bboxes.device)
         if match_indices is None and self.use_uni_match:
@@ -166,12 +170,14 @@ class DETRLoss(nn.Module):
 
     @staticmethod
     def _get_index(match_indices):
+        """Returns batch indices, source indices, and destination indices from provided match indices."""
         batch_idx = torch.cat([torch.full_like(src, i) for i, (src, _) in enumerate(match_indices)])
         src_idx = torch.cat([src for (src, _) in match_indices])
         dst_idx = torch.cat([dst for (_, dst) in match_indices])
         return (batch_idx, src_idx), dst_idx
 
     def _get_assigned_bboxes(self, pred_bboxes, gt_bboxes, match_indices):
+        """Assigns predicted bounding boxes to ground truth bounding boxes based on the match indices."""
         pred_assigned = torch.cat([
             t[I] if len(I) > 0 else torch.zeros(0, t.shape[-1], device=self.device)
             for t, (I, _) in zip(pred_bboxes, match_indices)])
@@ -190,7 +196,7 @@ class DETRLoss(nn.Module):
                   gt_mask=None,
                   postfix='',
                   match_indices=None):
-        """Get losses"""
+        """Get losses."""
         if match_indices is None:
             match_indices = self.matcher(pred_bboxes,
                                          pred_scores,
@@ -250,22 +256,43 @@ class DETRLoss(nn.Module):
 
 
 class RTDETRDetectionLoss(DETRLoss):
+    """
+    Real-Time DeepTracker (RT-DETR) Detection Loss class that extends the DETRLoss.
+
+    This class computes the detection loss for the RT-DETR model, which includes the standard detection loss as well as
+    an additional denoising training loss when provided with denoising metadata.
+    """
 
     def forward(self, preds, batch, dn_bboxes=None, dn_scores=None, dn_meta=None):
+        """
+        Forward pass to compute the detection loss.
+
+        Args:
+            preds (tuple): Predicted bounding boxes and scores.
+            batch (dict): Batch data containing ground truth information.
+            dn_bboxes (torch.Tensor, optional): Denoising bounding boxes. Default is None.
+            dn_scores (torch.Tensor, optional): Denoising scores. Default is None.
+            dn_meta (dict, optional): Metadata for denoising. Default is None.
+
+        Returns:
+            (dict): Dictionary containing the total loss and, if applicable, the denoising loss.
+        """
         pred_bboxes, pred_scores = preds
         total_loss = super().forward(pred_bboxes, pred_scores, batch)
 
+        # Check for denoising metadata to compute denoising training loss
         if dn_meta is not None:
             dn_pos_idx, dn_num_group = dn_meta['dn_pos_idx'], dn_meta['dn_num_group']
             assert len(batch['gt_groups']) == len(dn_pos_idx)
 
-            # Denoising match indices
+            # Get the match indices for denoising
             match_indices = self.get_dn_match_indices(dn_pos_idx, dn_num_group, batch['gt_groups'])
 
-            # Compute denoising training loss
+            # Compute the denoising training loss
             dn_loss = super().forward(dn_bboxes, dn_scores, batch, postfix='_dn', match_indices=match_indices)
             total_loss.update(dn_loss)
         else:
+            # If no denoising metadata is provided, set denoising loss to zero
             total_loss.update({f'{k}_dn': torch.tensor(0., device=self.device) for k in total_loss.keys()})
 
         return total_loss
@@ -276,12 +303,12 @@ class RTDETRDetectionLoss(DETRLoss):
         Get the match indices for denoising.
 
         Args:
-            dn_pos_idx (List[torch.Tensor]): A list includes positive indices of denoising.
-            dn_num_group (int): The number of groups of denoising.
-            gt_groups (List(int)): a list of batch size length includes the number of gts of each image.
+            dn_pos_idx (List[torch.Tensor]): List of tensors containing positive indices for denoising.
+            dn_num_group (int): Number of denoising groups.
+            gt_groups (List[int]): List of integers representing the number of ground truths for each image.
 
         Returns:
-            dn_match_indices (List(tuple)): Matched indices.
+            (List[tuple]): List of tuples containing matched indices for denoising.
         """
         dn_match_indices = []
         idx_groups = torch.as_tensor([0, *gt_groups[:-1]]).cumsum_(0)

ultralytics/models/utils/ops.py

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ from ultralytics.utils.ops import xywh2xyxy, xyxy2xywh
 
 class HungarianMatcher(nn.Module):
     """
-    A module implementing the HungarianMatcher, which is a differentiable module to solve the assignment problem in
-    an end-to-end fashion.
+    A module implementing the HungarianMatcher, which is a differentiable module to solve the assignment problem in an
+    end-to-end fashion.
 
     HungarianMatcher performs optimal assignment over the predicted and ground truth bounding boxes using a cost
     function that considers classification scores, bounding box coordinates, and optionally, mask predictions.
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ class HungarianMatcher(nn.Module):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, cost_gain=None, use_fl=True, with_mask=False, num_sample_points=12544, alpha=0.25, gamma=2.0):
+        """Initializes HungarianMatcher with cost coefficients, Focal Loss, mask prediction, sample points, and alpha
+        gamma factors.
+        """
         super().__init__()
         if cost_gain is None:
             cost_gain = {'class': 1, 'bbox': 5, 'giou': 2, 'mask': 1, 'dice': 1}
@@ -45,8 +48,8 @@ class HungarianMatcher(nn.Module):
     def forward(self, pred_bboxes, pred_scores, gt_bboxes, gt_cls, gt_groups, masks=None, gt_mask=None):
         """
         Forward pass for HungarianMatcher. This function computes costs based on prediction and ground truth
-        (classification cost, L1 cost between boxes and GIoU cost between boxes) and finds the optimal matching
-        between predictions and ground truth based on these costs.
+        (classification cost, L1 cost between boxes and GIoU cost between boxes) and finds the optimal matching between
+        predictions and ground truth based on these costs.
 
         Args:
             pred_bboxes (Tensor): Predicted bounding boxes with shape [batch_size, num_queries, 4].
@@ -153,9 +156,9 @@ def get_cdn_group(batch,
                   box_noise_scale=1.0,
                   training=False):
     """
-    Get contrastive denoising training group. This function creates a contrastive denoising training group with
-    positive and negative samples from the ground truths (gt). It applies noise to the class labels and bounding
-    box coordinates, and returns the modified labels, bounding boxes, attention mask and meta information.
+    Get contrastive denoising training group. This function creates a contrastive denoising training group with positive
+    and negative samples from the ground truths (gt). It applies noise to the class labels and bounding box coordinates,
+    and returns the modified labels, bounding boxes, attention mask and meta information.
 
     Args:
         batch (dict): A dict that includes 'gt_cls' (torch.Tensor with shape [num_gts, ]), 'gt_bboxes'
@@ -191,12 +194,12 @@ def get_cdn_group(batch,
     gt_bbox = batch['bboxes']  # bs*num, 4
     b_idx = batch['batch_idx']
 
-    # each group has positive and negative queries.
+    # Each group has positive and negative queries.
     dn_cls = gt_cls.repeat(2 * num_group)  # (2*num_group*bs*num, )
     dn_bbox = gt_bbox.repeat(2 * num_group, 1)  # 2*num_group*bs*num, 4
     dn_b_idx = b_idx.repeat(2 * num_group).view(-1)  # (2*num_group*bs*num, )
 
-    # positive and negative mask
+    # Positive and negative mask
     # (bs*num*num_group, ), the second total_num*num_group part as negative samples
     neg_idx = torch.arange(total_num * num_group, dtype=torch.long, device=gt_bbox.device) + num_group * total_num
 
@@ -220,10 +223,9 @@ def get_cdn_group(batch,
         known_bbox += rand_part * diff
         known_bbox.clip_(min=0.0, max=1.0)
         dn_bbox = xyxy2xywh(known_bbox)
-        dn_bbox = inverse_sigmoid(dn_bbox)
+        dn_bbox = torch.logit(dn_bbox, eps=1e-6)  # inverse sigmoid
 
-    # total denoising queries
-    num_dn = int(max_nums * 2 * num_group)
+    num_dn = int(max_nums * 2 * num_group)  # total denoising queries
     # class_embed = torch.cat([class_embed, torch.zeros([1, class_embed.shape[-1]], device=class_embed.device)])
     dn_cls_embed = class_embed[dn_cls]  # bs*num * 2 * num_group, 256
     padding_cls = torch.zeros(bs, num_dn, dn_cls_embed.shape[-1], device=gt_cls.device)
@@ -256,9 +258,3 @@ def get_cdn_group(batch,
 
     return padding_cls.to(class_embed.device), padding_bbox.to(class_embed.device), attn_mask.to(
         class_embed.device), dn_meta
-
-
-def inverse_sigmoid(x, eps=1e-6):
-    """Inverse sigmoid function."""
-    x = x.clip(min=0., max=1.)
-    return torch.log(x / (1 - x + eps) + eps)

ultralytics/models/yolo/classify/predict.py

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ class ClassificationPredictor(BasePredictor):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, cfg=DEFAULT_CFG, overrides=None, _callbacks=None):
+        """Initializes ClassificationPredictor setting the task to 'classify'."""
         super().__init__(cfg, overrides, _callbacks)
         self.args.task = 'classify'
 

ultralytics/models/yolo/classify/train.py

@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ class ClassificationTrainer(BaseTrainer):
         return ckpt
 
     def build_dataset(self, img_path, mode='train', batch=None):
+        """Creates a ClassificationDataset instance given an image path, and mode (train/test etc.)."""
         return ClassificationDataset(root=img_path, args=self.args, augment=mode == 'train', prefix=mode)
 
     def get_dataloader(self, dataset_path, batch_size=16, rank=0, mode='train'):
@@ -113,8 +114,9 @@ class ClassificationTrainer(BaseTrainer):
 
     def label_loss_items(self, loss_items=None, prefix='train'):
         """
-        Returns a loss dict with labelled training loss items tensor. Not needed for classification but necessary for
-        segmentation & detection
+        Returns a loss dict with labelled training loss items tensor.
+
+        Not needed for classification but necessary for segmentation & detection
         """
         keys = [f'{prefix}/{x}' for x in self.loss_names]
         if loss_items is None:

ultralytics/models/yolo/classify/val.py

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ class ClassificationValidator(BaseValidator):
         return self.metrics.results_dict
 
     def build_dataset(self, img_path):
+        """Creates and returns a ClassificationDataset instance using given image path and preprocessing parameters."""
         return ClassificationDataset(root=img_path, args=self.args, augment=False, prefix=self.args.split)
 
     def get_dataloader(self, dataset_path, batch_size):

ultralytics/models/yolo/detect/train.py

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class DetectionTrainer(BaseTrainer):
         return batch
 
     def set_model_attributes(self):
-        """nl = de_parallel(self.model).model[-1].nl  # number of detection layers (to scale hyps)."""
+        """Nl = de_parallel(self.model).model[-1].nl  # number of detection layers (to scale hyps)."""
         # self.args.box *= 3 / nl  # scale to layers
         # self.args.cls *= self.data["nc"] / 80 * 3 / nl  # scale to classes and layers
         # self.args.cls *= (self.args.imgsz / 640) ** 2 * 3 / nl  # scale to image size and layers
@@ -80,8 +80,9 @@ class DetectionTrainer(BaseTrainer):
 
     def label_loss_items(self, loss_items=None, prefix='train'):
         """
-        Returns a loss dict with labelled training loss items tensor. Not needed for classification but necessary for
-        segmentation & detection
+        Returns a loss dict with labelled training loss items tensor.
+
+        Not needed for classification but necessary for segmentation & detection
         """
         keys = [f'{prefix}/{x}' for x in self.loss_names]
         if loss_items is not None:

ultralytics/models/yolo/model.py

@@ -6,13 +6,11 @@ from ultralytics.nn.tasks import ClassificationModel, DetectionModel, PoseModel,
 
 
 class YOLO(Model):
-    """
-    YOLO (You Only Look Once) object detection model.
-    """
+    """YOLO (You Only Look Once) object detection model."""
 
     @property
     def task_map(self):
-        """Map head to model, trainer, validator, and predictor classes"""
+        """Map head to model, trainer, validator, and predictor classes."""
         return {
             'classify': {
                 'model': ClassificationModel,

ultralytics/models/yolo/pose/predict.py

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ class PosePredictor(DetectionPredictor):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, cfg=DEFAULT_CFG, overrides=None, _callbacks=None):
+        """Initializes PosePredictor, sets task to 'pose' and logs a warning for using 'mps' as device."""
         super().__init__(cfg, overrides, _callbacks)
         self.args.task = 'pose'
         if isinstance(self.args.device, str) and self.args.device.lower() == 'mps':

ultralytics/models/yolo/segment/predict.py

@@ -21,10 +21,12 @@ class SegmentationPredictor(DetectionPredictor):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, cfg=DEFAULT_CFG, overrides=None, _callbacks=None):
+        """Initializes the SegmentationPredictor with the provided configuration, overrides, and callbacks."""
         super().__init__(cfg, overrides, _callbacks)
         self.args.task = 'segment'
 
     def postprocess(self, preds, img, orig_imgs):
+        """Applies non-max suppression and processes detections for each image in an input batch."""
         p = ops.non_max_suppression(preds[0],
                                     self.args.conf,
                                     self.args.iou,

ultralytics/models/yolo/segment/val.py

@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ class SegmentationValidator(DetectionValidator):
 
     def _process_batch(self, detections, labels, pred_masks=None, gt_masks=None, overlap=False, masks=False):
         """
-        Return correct prediction matrix
+        Return correct prediction matrix.
 
         Args:
             detections (array[N, 6]), x1, y1, x2, y2, conf, class

ultralytics/nn/autobackend.py

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import platform
 import zipfile
 from collections import OrderedDict, namedtuple
 from pathlib import Path
-from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
 import cv2
 import numpy as np
@@ -21,7 +20,11 @@ from ultralytics.utils.downloads import attempt_download_asset, is_url
 
 
 def check_class_names(names):
-    """Check class names. Map imagenet class codes to human-readable names if required. Convert lists to dicts."""
+    """
+    Check class names.
+
+    Map imagenet class codes to human-readable names if required. Convert lists to dicts.
+    """
     if isinstance(names, list):  # names is a list
         names = dict(enumerate(names))  # convert to dict
     if isinstance(names, dict):
@@ -32,42 +35,26 @@ def check_class_names(names):
             raise KeyError(f'{n}-class dataset requires class indices 0-{n - 1}, but you have invalid class indices '
                            f'{min(names.keys())}-{max(names.keys())} defined in your dataset YAML.')
         if isinstance(names[0], str) and names[0].startswith('n0'):  # imagenet class codes, i.e. 'n01440764'
-            map = yaml_load(ROOT / 'cfg/datasets/ImageNet.yaml')['map']  # human-readable names
-            names = {k: map[v] for k, v in names.items()}
+            names_map = yaml_load(ROOT / 'cfg/datasets/ImageNet.yaml')['map']  # human-readable names
+            names = {k: names_map[v] for k, v in names.items()}
     return names
 
 
 class AutoBackend(nn.Module):
+    """
+    Handles dynamic backend selection for running inference using Ultralytics YOLO models.
 
-    @torch.no_grad()
-    def __init__(self,
-                 weights='yolov8n.pt',
-                 device=torch.device('cpu'),
-                 dnn=False,
-                 data=None,
-                 fp16=False,
-                 fuse=True,
-                 verbose=True):
-        """
-        MultiBackend class for python inference on various platforms using Ultralytics YOLO.
+    The AutoBackend class is designed to provide an abstraction layer for various inference engines. It supports a wide
+    range of formats, each with specific naming conventions as outlined below:
 
-        Args:
-            weights (str): The path to the weights file. Default: 'yolov8n.pt'
-            device (torch.device): The device to run the model on.
-            dnn (bool): Use OpenCV DNN module for inference if True, defaults to False.
-            data (str | Path | optional): Additional data.yaml file for class names.
-            fp16 (bool): If True, use half precision. Default: False
-            fuse (bool): Whether to fuse the model or not. Default: True
-            verbose (bool): Whether to run in verbose mode or not. Default: True
-
-        Supported formats and their naming conventions:
-            | Format                | Suffix           |
+        Supported Formats and Naming Conventions:
+            | Format                | File Suffix      |
             |-----------------------|------------------|
             | PyTorch               | *.pt             |
             | TorchScript           | *.torchscript    |
             | ONNX Runtime          | *.onnx           |
-            | ONNX OpenCV DNN       | *.onnx dnn=True  |
-            | OpenVINO              | *.xml            |
+            | ONNX OpenCV DNN       | *.onnx (dnn=True)|
+            | OpenVINO              | *openvino_model/ |
             | CoreML                | *.mlpackage      |
             | TensorRT              | *.engine         |
             | TensorFlow SavedModel | *_saved_model    |
@@ -76,6 +63,31 @@ class AutoBackend(nn.Module):
             | TensorFlow Edge TPU   | *_edgetpu.tflite |
             | PaddlePaddle          | *_paddle_model   |
             | ncnn                  | *_ncnn_model     |
+
+    This class offers dynamic backend switching capabilities based on the input model format, making it easier to deploy
+    models across various platforms.
+    """
+
+    @torch.no_grad()
+    def __init__(self,
+                 weights='yolov8n.pt',
+                 device=torch.device('cpu'),
+                 dnn=False,
+                 data=None,
+                 fp16=False,
+                 fuse=True,
+                 verbose=True):
+        """
+        Initialize the AutoBackend for inference.
+
+        Args:
+            weights (str): Path to the model weights file. Defaults to 'yolov8n.pt'.
+            device (torch.device): Device to run the model on. Defaults to CPU.
+            dnn (bool): Use OpenCV DNN module for ONNX inference. Defaults to False.
+            data (str | Path | optional): Path to the additional data.yaml file containing class names. Optional.
+            fp16 (bool): Enable half-precision inference. Supported only on specific backends. Defaults to False.
+            fuse (bool): Fuse Conv2D + BatchNorm layers for optimization. Defaults to True.
+            verbose (bool): Enable verbose logging. Defaults to True.
         """
         super().__init__()
         w = str(weights[0] if isinstance(weights, list) else weights)
@@ -274,13 +286,9 @@ class AutoBackend(nn.Module):
             net.load_model(str(w.with_suffix('.bin')))
             metadata = w.parent / 'metadata.yaml'
         elif triton:  # NVIDIA Triton Inference Server
-            """TODO
             check_requirements('tritonclient[all]')
-            from utils.triton import TritonRemoteModel
-            model = TritonRemoteModel(url=w)
-            nhwc = model.runtime.startswith("tensorflow")
-            """
-            raise NotImplementedError('Triton Inference Server is not currently supported.')
+            from ultralytics.utils.triton import TritonRemoteModel
+            model = TritonRemoteModel(w)
         else:
             from ultralytics.engine.exporter import export_formats
             raise TypeError(f"model='{w}' is not a supported model format. "
@@ -395,6 +403,7 @@ class AutoBackend(nn.Module):
                 ex.extract(output_name, mat_out)
                 y.append(np.array(mat_out)[None])
         elif self.triton:  # NVIDIA Triton Inference Server
+            im = im.cpu().numpy()  # torch to numpy
             y = self.model(im)
         else:  # TensorFlow (SavedModel, GraphDef, Lite, Edge TPU)
             im = im.cpu().numpy()
@@ -444,14 +453,14 @@ class AutoBackend(nn.Module):
 
     def from_numpy(self, x):
         """
-         Convert a numpy array to a tensor.
+        Convert a numpy array to a tensor.
 
-         Args:
-             x (np.ndarray): The array to be converted.
+        Args:
+            x (np.ndarray): The array to be converted.
 
-         Returns:
-             (torch.Tensor): The converted tensor
-         """
+        Returns:
+            (torch.Tensor): The converted tensor
+        """
         return torch.tensor(x).to(self.device) if isinstance(x, np.ndarray) else x
 
     def warmup(self, imgsz=(1, 3, 640, 640)):
@@ -480,7 +489,7 @@ class AutoBackend(nn.Module):
     @staticmethod
     def _model_type(p='path/to/model.pt'):
         """
-        This function takes a path to a model file and returns the model type
+        This function takes a path to a model file and returns the model type.
 
         Args:
             p: path to the model file. Defaults to path/to/model.pt
@@ -498,6 +507,8 @@ class AutoBackend(nn.Module):
         if any(types):
             triton = False
         else:
-            url = urlparse(p)  # if url may be Triton inference server
-            triton = all([any(s in url.scheme for s in ['http', 'grpc']), url.netloc])
+            from urllib.parse import urlsplit
+            url = urlsplit(p)
+            triton = url.netloc and url.path and url.scheme in {'http', 'grfc'}
+
         return types + [triton]

ultralytics/nn/modules/__init__.py

@@ -1,16 +1,20 @@
 # Ultralytics YOLO 🚀, AGPL-3.0 license
 """
-Ultralytics modules. Visualize with:
+Ultralytics modules.
 
-from ultralytics.nn.modules import *
-import torch
-import os
+Example:
+    Visualize a module with Netron.
+    ```python
+    from ultralytics.nn.modules import *
+    import torch
+    import os
 
-x = torch.ones(1, 128, 40, 40)
-m = Conv(128, 128)
-f = f'{m._get_name()}.onnx'
-torch.onnx.export(m, x, f)
-os.system(f'onnxsim {f} {f} && open {f}')
+    x = torch.ones(1, 128, 40, 40)
+    m = Conv(128, 128)
+    f = f'{m._get_name()}.onnx'
+    torch.onnx.export(m, x, f)
+    os.system(f'onnxsim {f} {f} && open {f}')
+    ```
 """
 
 from .block import (C1, C2, C3, C3TR, DFL, SPP, SPPF, Bottleneck, BottleneckCSP, C2f, C3Ghost, C3x, GhostBottleneck,

ultralytics/nn/modules/block.py

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Ultralytics YOLO 🚀, AGPL-3.0 license
-"""
-Block modules
-"""
+"""Block modules."""
 
 import torch
 import torch.nn as nn
@@ -17,6 +15,7 @@ __all__ = ('DFL', 'HGBlock', 'HGStem', 'SPP', 'SPPF', 'C1', 'C2', 'C3', 'C2f', '
 class DFL(nn.Module):
     """
     Integral module of Distribution Focal Loss (DFL).
+
     Proposed in Generalized Focal Loss https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9792391
     """
 
@@ -51,11 +50,14 @@ class Proto(nn.Module):
 
 
 class HGStem(nn.Module):
-    """StemBlock of PPHGNetV2 with 5 convolutions and one maxpool2d.
+    """
+    StemBlock of PPHGNetV2 with 5 convolutions and one maxpool2d.
+
     https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/PaddleDetection/blob/develop/ppdet/modeling/backbones/hgnet_v2.py
     """
 
     def __init__(self, c1, cm, c2):
+        """Initialize the SPP layer with input/output channels and specified kernel sizes for max pooling."""
         super().__init__()
         self.stem1 = Conv(c1, cm, 3, 2, act=nn.ReLU())
         self.stem2a = Conv(cm, cm // 2, 2, 1, 0, act=nn.ReLU())
@@ -79,11 +81,14 @@ class HGStem(nn.Module):
 
 
 class HGBlock(nn.Module):
-    """HG_Block of PPHGNetV2 with 2 convolutions and LightConv.
+    """
+    HG_Block of PPHGNetV2 with 2 convolutions and LightConv.
+
     https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/PaddleDetection/blob/develop/ppdet/modeling/backbones/hgnet_v2.py
     """
 
     def __init__(self, c1, cm, c2, k=3, n=6, lightconv=False, shortcut=False, act=nn.ReLU()):
+        """Initializes a CSP Bottleneck with 1 convolution using specified input and output channels."""
         super().__init__()
         block = LightConv if lightconv else Conv
         self.m = nn.ModuleList(block(c1 if i == 0 else cm, cm, k=k, act=act) for i in range(n))
@@ -218,6 +223,7 @@ class RepC3(nn.Module):
     """Rep C3."""
 
     def __init__(self, c1, c2, n=3, e=1.0):
+        """Initialize CSP Bottleneck with a single convolution using input channels, output channels, and number."""
         super().__init__()
         c_ = int(c2 * e)  # hidden channels
         self.cv1 = Conv(c1, c2, 1, 1)

ultralytics/nn/modules/conv.py

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Ultralytics YOLO 🚀, AGPL-3.0 license
-"""
-Convolution modules
-"""
+"""Convolution modules."""
 
 import math
 
@@ -69,7 +67,9 @@ class Conv2(Conv):
 
 
 class LightConv(nn.Module):
-    """Light convolution with args(ch_in, ch_out, kernel).
+    """
+    Light convolution with args(ch_in, ch_out, kernel).
+
     https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/PaddleDetection/blob/develop/ppdet/modeling/backbones/hgnet_v2.py
     """
 
@@ -148,12 +148,15 @@ class GhostConv(nn.Module):
 
 class RepConv(nn.Module):
     """
-    RepConv is a basic rep-style block, including training and deploy status. This module is used in RT-DETR.
+    RepConv is a basic rep-style block, including training and deploy status.
+
+    This module is used in RT-DETR.
     Based on https://github.com/DingXiaoH/RepVGG/blob/main/repvgg.py
     """
     default_act = nn.SiLU()  # default activation
 
     def __init__(self, c1, c2, k=3, s=1, p=1, g=1, d=1, act=True, bn=False, deploy=False):
+        """Initializes Light Convolution layer with inputs, outputs & optional activation function."""
         super().__init__()
         assert k == 3 and p == 1
         self.g = g
@@ -166,27 +169,30 @@ class RepConv(nn.Module):
         self.conv2 = Conv(c1, c2, 1, s, p=(p - k // 2), g=g, act=False)
 
     def forward_fuse(self, x):
-        """Forward process"""
+        """Forward process."""
         return self.act(self.conv(x))
 
     def forward(self, x):
-        """Forward process"""
+        """Forward process."""
         id_out = 0 if self.bn is None else self.bn(x)
         return self.act(self.conv1(x) + self.conv2(x) + id_out)
 
     def get_equivalent_kernel_bias(self):
+        """Returns equivalent kernel and bias by adding 3x3 kernel, 1x1 kernel and identity kernel with their biases."""
         kernel3x3, bias3x3 = self._fuse_bn_tensor(self.conv1)
         kernel1x1, bias1x1 = self._fuse_bn_tensor(self.conv2)
         kernelid, biasid = self._fuse_bn_tensor(self.bn)
         return kernel3x3 + self._pad_1x1_to_3x3_tensor(kernel1x1) + kernelid, bias3x3 + bias1x1 + biasid
 
     def _pad_1x1_to_3x3_tensor(self, kernel1x1):
+        """Pads a 1x1 tensor to a 3x3 tensor."""
         if kernel1x1 is None:
             return 0
         else:
             return torch.nn.functional.pad(kernel1x1, [1, 1, 1, 1])
 
     def _fuse_bn_tensor(self, branch):
+        """Generates appropriate kernels and biases for convolution by fusing branches of the neural network."""
         if branch is None:
             return 0, 0
         if isinstance(branch, Conv):
@@ -214,6 +220,7 @@ class RepConv(nn.Module):
         return kernel * t, beta - running_mean * gamma / std
 
     def fuse_convs(self):
+        """Combines two convolution layers into a single layer and removes unused attributes from the class."""
         if hasattr(self, 'conv'):
             return
         kernel, bias = self.get_equivalent_kernel_bias()
@@ -243,12 +250,14 @@ class ChannelAttention(nn.Module):
     """Channel-attention module https://github.com/open-mmlab/mmdetection/tree/v3.0.0rc1/configs/rtmdet."""
 
     def __init__(self, channels: int) -> None:
+        """Initializes the class and sets the basic configurations and instance variables required."""
         super().__init__()
         self.pool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
         self.fc = nn.Conv2d(channels, channels, 1, 1, 0, bias=True)
         self.act = nn.Sigmoid()
 
     def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
+        """Applies forward pass using activation on convolutions of the input, optionally using batch normalization."""
         return x * self.act(self.fc(self.pool(x)))