turbx 1.0.2__py3-none-any.whl

turbx/rgd_xpln_stats.py

@@ -0,0 +1,738 @@
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import timeit
+from pathlib import Path, PurePosixPath
+
+import h5py
+import numpy as np
+import psutil
+from mpi4py import MPI
+from tqdm import tqdm
+
+from .h5 import h5_print_contents
+from .utils import even_print, format_time_string
+
+# ======================================================================
+
+def _calc_statistics_xpln(self,**kwargs):
+    '''
+    calculate statistics for an unsteady volumetric measurement
+      which has a small number of points in the [x] direction
+    - mean
+    - covariance
+    - skewness, kurtosis
+    - probability distribution function (PDF)
+    '''
+    
+    if (self.rank==0):
+        verbose = True
+    else:
+        verbose = False
+    
+    if verbose: print('\n'+'rgd.calc_statistics_xpln()'+'\n'+72*'-')
+    t_start_func = timeit.default_timer()
+    
+    ## assert that the opened RGD has fsubtype 'unsteady' (i.e. is NOT a prime file)
+    if (self.fsubtype!='unsteady'):
+        raise ValueError
+    
+    rx = kwargs.get('rx',1)
+    ry = kwargs.get('ry',1)
+    rz = kwargs.get('rz',1)
+    rt = kwargs.get('rt',1)
+    
+    # cy = kwargs.get('cy',1) ## number of subdivisions per rank [y] range
+    # if not isinstance(cy,int):
+    #     raise TypeError('cy should be an int')
+    # if (cy<1):
+    #     raise TypeError('cy should be an int')
+    
+    sy = kwargs.get('sy',1) ## number of [y] layers to read at a time
+    if not isinstance(sy,int) or (sy<1):
+        raise TypeError('sy should be a positive non-zero int')
+    
+    #n_threads = kwargs.get('n_threads',1)
+    try:
+        n_threads = int(os.environ.get('OMP_NUM_THREADS'))
+    except TypeError: ## not set
+        n_threads = os.cpu_count()
+    
+    #fn_dat_stats = kwargs.get('fn_dat_stats',None) ## filename for output pickle (.dat) file
+    fn_h5_out  = kwargs.get('fn_h5_out',None) ## filename for output HDF5 (.h5) file
+    
+    n_bins = kwargs.get('n_bins',512) ## n bins for histogram (PDF) calculation
+    
+    ## for now only distribute data in [y] --> allows [x,z] mean before Send/Recv
+    if (rx!=1):
+        raise AssertionError('rx!=1')
+    if (rz!=1):
+        raise AssertionError('rz!=1')
+    if (rt!=1):
+        raise AssertionError('rt!=1')
+    
+    if not isinstance(ry,int) or (ry<1):
+        raise ValueError('ry should be a positive non-zero int')
+    
+    ## check the choice of ranks per dimension
+    if (rx*ry*rz*rt != self.n_ranks):
+        raise AssertionError('rx*ry*rz*rt != self.n_ranks')
+    if (rx>self.nx):
+        raise AssertionError('rx>self.nx')
+    if (ry>self.ny):
+        raise AssertionError('ry>self.ny')
+    if (rz>self.nz):
+        raise AssertionError('rz>self.nz')
+    if (rt>self.nt):
+        raise AssertionError('rt>self.nt')
+    
+    if (self.ny%ry!=0):
+        raise ValueError('ny not divisible by ry')
+    
+    ## distribute 4D data over ranks --> here only in [y]
+    ryl_ = np.array_split(np.arange(self.ny,dtype=np.int64),ry)
+    ryl = [[b[0],b[-1]+1] for b in ryl_ ]
+    ry1,ry2 = ryl[self.rank]
+    nyr = ry2 - ry1
+    
+    ## check all [y] ranges have same size
+    for ryl_ in ryl:
+        if not (ryl_[1]-ryl_[0]==nyr):
+            raise ValueError('[y] chunks are not even in size')
+    
+    # ## [y] sub chunk range --> cyl = list of ranges in ry1:ry2
+    # ## cy is the NUMBER of chunks for the rank sub-range
+    # cyl_ = np.array_split( np.arange(ry1,ry2) , min(cy,nyr) )
+    # cyl  = [[b[0],b[-1]+1] for b in cyl_ ]
+    # 
+    # for nyc_ in [ cyl_[1]-cyl_[0] for cyl_ in cyl ]:
+    #     if (nyc_ < 1):
+    #         #raise ValueError
+    #         print(f'rank {self.rank:d}: sub-range is <1')
+    #         self.comm.Abort(1)
+    # 
+    # if 1: ## assert that [y] sub-chunk ranges are correct
+    #     
+    #     yi = np.arange(self.ny, dtype=np.int32)
+    #     
+    #     local_indices = []
+    #     for cyl_ in cyl:
+    #         cy1, cy2 = cyl_
+    #         local_indices += [ yi_ for yi_ in yi[cy1:cy2] ]
+    #     
+    #     G = self.comm.gather([ self.rank , local_indices ], root=0)
+    #     G = self.comm.bcast(G, root=0)
+    #     
+    #     all_indices = []
+    #     for G_ in G:
+    #         all_indices += G_[1]
+    #     all_indices = np.array( sorted(all_indices), dtype=np.int32 )
+    #     
+    #     if not np.array_equal( all_indices , yi ):
+    #         raise AssertionError
+    
+    if (nyr%sy!=0):
+        raise ValueError('nyr not divisible by sy')
+    
+    ## output filename : HDF5 (.h5)
+    if (fn_h5_out is None): ## automatically determine name
+        fname_path = os.path.dirname(self.fname)
+        fname_base = os.path.basename(self.fname)
+        fname_root, fname_ext = os.path.splitext(fname_base)
+        fname_root = re.findall(r'io\S+_mpi_[0-9]+', fname_root)[0]
+        fname_stats_h5_base = fname_root+'_stats.h5'
+        fn_h5_out = str(PurePosixPath(fname_path, fname_stats_h5_base))
+    if (Path(fn_h5_out).suffix != '.h5'):
+        raise ValueError(f"fn_h5_out='{str(fn_h5_out)}' must end in .h5")
+    if os.path.isfile(fn_h5_out):
+        #if (os.path.getsize(fn_h5_out) > 8*1024**3):
+        #    raise ValueError(f"fn_h5_out='{str(fn_h5_out)}' exists and is >8 [GB]. exiting for your own safety.")
+        if (fn_h5_out == self.fname):
+            raise ValueError(f"fn_h5_out='{str(fn_h5_out)}' cannot be same as input filename.")
+    
+    # ===
+    
+    if verbose: even_print( 'fn_h5'      , self.fname )
+    if verbose: even_print( 'fn_h5_out'  , fn_h5_out  )
+    if verbose: print(72*'-')
+    self.comm.Barrier()
+    
+    ## the data dictionary to be pickled later
+    data = {}
+    
+    ## infile
+    fsize = os.path.getsize(self.fname)/1024**3
+    if verbose: even_print(os.path.basename(self.fname),'%0.1f [GB]'%fsize)
+    if verbose: even_print('nx',f'{self.nx:d}')
+    if verbose: even_print('ny',f'{self.ny:d}')
+    if verbose: even_print('nz',f'{self.nz:d}')
+    if verbose: even_print('nt',f'{self.nt:d}')
+    if verbose: even_print('ngp',f'{self.ngp/1e6:0.1f} [M]')
+    #if verbose: even_print('cy',f'{cy:d}')
+    if verbose: even_print('sy',f'{sy:d}')
+    if verbose: even_print('n_ranks',f'{self.n_ranks:d}')
+    if verbose: even_print('n_threads',f'{n_threads:d}')
+    if verbose: print(72*'-')
+    
+    ## 0D freestream scalars
+    lchar   = self.lchar   ; data['lchar']   = lchar
+    U_inf   = self.U_inf   ; data['U_inf']   = U_inf
+    rho_inf = self.rho_inf ; data['rho_inf'] = rho_inf
+    T_inf   = self.T_inf   ; data['T_inf']   = T_inf
+    
+    #data['M_inf'] = self.M_inf
+    data['Ma'] = self.Ma
+    data['Pr'] = self.Pr
+    
+    ## read in 1D coordinate arrays & re-dimensionalize
+    x = np.copy( self['dims/x'][()] * self.lchar )
+    y = np.copy( self['dims/y'][()] * self.lchar )
+    z = np.copy( self['dims/z'][()] * self.lchar )
+    t = np.copy( self['dims/t'][()] * self.tchar )
+    
+    nx = self.nx ; data['nx'] = nx
+    ny = self.ny ; data['ny'] = ny
+    nz = self.nz ; data['nz'] = nz
+    nt = self.nt ; data['nt'] = nt
+    
+    ## assert constant Δz
+    dz0 = np.diff(z)[0]
+    if not np.all(np.isclose(np.diff(z), dz0, rtol=1e-6)):
+        raise NotImplementedError('Δz not constant')
+    dz = np.diff(z)[0]
+    
+    ## dimensional [s]
+    dt = self.dt * self.tchar
+    np.testing.assert_allclose(dt, t[1]-t[0], rtol=1e-12, atol=1e-12)
+    
+    t_meas = self.duration * self.tchar
+    np.testing.assert_allclose(t_meas, t.max()-t.min(), rtol=1e-12, atol=1e-12)
+    
+    zrange = z.max() - z.min()
+    
+    data['x'] = x
+    data['y'] = y
+    data['z'] = z
+    
+    data['t'] = t
+    data['t_meas'] = t_meas
+    data['dt'] = dt
+    data['dz'] = dz
+    data['zrange'] = zrange
+    
+    if verbose: even_print( 'Δt/tchar'       , f'{dt/self.tchar:0.8f}' )
+    if verbose: even_print( 'Δt'             , f'{dt:0.3e} [s]'        )
+    if verbose: even_print( 'duration/tchar' , f'{self.duration:0.1f}' )
+    if verbose: even_print( 'duration'       , f'{self.duration*self.tchar:0.3e} [s]' )
+    if verbose: print(72*'-')
+    
+    ## report
+    if verbose:
+        even_print('Δt'     , f'{dt    :0.5e} [s]' )
+        even_print('t_meas' , f'{t_meas:0.5e} [s]' )
+        even_print('Δz'     , f'{dz0   :0.5e} [m]' )
+        even_print('zrange' , f'{zrange:0.5e} [m]' )
+        #print(72*'-')
+    
+    # ===
+    
+    ## key    = str:scalar name
+    ## value  = tuple:recipe,
+    ##          bool:do_mean,
+    ##          bool:do_pdf,
+    ##          bool:do_skew_kurt
+    ##
+    ## recipe elements:
+    ##    - if tuple : ( str:scalar , bool:ρ weighting ) --> always mean-removed
+    ##    - if str   : str:scalar
+    
+    scalars_dict = {
+        
+        'r_uIIuII' : [ ( 'rho', ('u',True ), ('u',True ) ), True,True,True ], ## ρ·u″u″
+        'r_vIIvII' : [ ( 'rho', ('v',True ), ('v',True ) ), True,True,True ], ## ρ·v″v″
+        'r_wIIwII' : [ ( 'rho', ('w',True ), ('w',True ) ), True,True,True ], ## ρ·w″w″
+        'r_uIIvII' : [ ( 'rho', ('u',True ), ('v',True ) ), True,True,True ], ## ρ·u″v″
+        'r_uIIwII' : [ ( 'rho', ('u',True ), ('w',True ) ), True,True,True ], ## ρ·u″w″
+        'r_vIIwII' : [ ( 'rho', ('v',True ), ('w',True ) ), True,True,True ], ## ρ·v″w″
+        
+        'uIuI'     : [ (        ('u',False), ('u',False) ), True,True,True ], ## u′u′
+        'vIvI'     : [ (        ('v',False), ('v',False) ), True,True,True ], ## v′v′
+        'wIwI'     : [ (        ('w',False), ('w',False) ), True,True,True ], ## w′w′
+        'uIvI'     : [ (        ('u',False), ('v',False) ), True,True,True ], ## u′v′
+        'uIwI'     : [ (        ('u',False), ('w',False) ), True,True,True ], ## u′w′
+        'vIwI'     : [ (        ('v',False), ('w',False) ), True,True,True ], ## v′w′
+        
+        'uITI'     : [ (        ('u',False), ('T',False) ), True,True,True ], ## u′T′
+        'vITI'     : [ (        ('v',False), ('T',False) ), True,True,True ], ## v′T′
+        'wITI'     : [ (        ('w',False), ('T',False) ), True,True,True ], ## w′T′
+        
+        'TITI'     : [ (        ('T',False), ('T',False) ), True,True,False ], ## T′T′
+        'TIITII'   : [ (        ('T',True ), ('T',True ) ), True,True,False ], ## T″T″
+        'r_TIITII' : [ ( 'rho', ('T',True ), ('T',True ) ), True,True,False ], ## ρ·T″T″
+        
+        'rho'      : [ ( 'rho',                ) ,  True, True, False, ], ## ρ
+        'rhoI'     : [ (        ('rho',False), ) , False, True,  True, ], ## ρ′
+        
+        'T'        : [ ( 'T',                )   ,  True, True, False, ], ## T
+        'TI'       : [ (        ('T',False), )   , False, True,  True, ], ## T′
+        'TII'      : [ (        ('T',True ), )   , False, True,  True, ], ## T″
+        'r_TII'    : [ ( 'rho', ('T',True ), )   , False, True,  True, ], ## ρ·T″
+        
+        'p'        : [ ( 'p',              )   ,  True, True, False, ], ## p
+        'pI'       : [ (      ('p',False), )   , False, True,  True, ], ## p′
+        
+        'u'        : [ ( 'u',                ) ,  True, True, False, ], ## u
+        'uI'       : [ (        ('u',False), ) , False, True,  True, ], ## u′
+        #'uII'      : [ (        ('u',True ), ) , False, True,  True, ], ## u″
+        'r_uII'    : [ ( 'rho', ('u',True ), ) , False, True,  True, ], ## ρ·u″
+        
+        'v'        : [ ( 'v',                ) ,  True, True, False, ], ## v
+        'vI'       : [ (        ('v',False), ) , False, True,  True, ], ## v′
+        'r_vII'    : [ ( 'rho', ('v',True ), ) , False, True,  True, ], ## ρ·v″
+        
+        'w'        : [ ( 'w',                ) ,  True, True, False, ], ## w
+        'wI'       : [ (        ('w',False), ) , False, True,  True, ], ## w′
+        'r_wII'    : [ ( 'rho', ('w',True ), ) , False, True,  True, ], ## ρ·w″
+        
+        }
+    
+    dtype_unsteady = np.float64
+    
+    scalars_avg  = []
+    scalars_pdf  = []
+    scalars_hos_ = []
+    for s,ss in scalars_dict.items():
+        recipe, do_mean, do_pdf, do_skew_kurt = ss
+        if do_mean:
+            scalars_avg.append(s)
+        if do_pdf:
+            scalars_pdf.append(s)
+        if do_skew_kurt:
+            scalars_hos_.append(s)
+    
+    scalars_hos=[]
+    for s_ in ['skew','kurt']:
+        for ss_ in scalars_hos_:
+            scalars_hos.append(f'{ss_}_{s_}')
+    
+    data_avg  = np.zeros(shape=(nyr,)         , dtype={'names':scalars_avg, 'formats':[ np.float64 for sss in scalars_avg ]})
+    data_bins = np.zeros(shape=(nyr,n_bins+1) , dtype={'names':scalars_pdf, 'formats':[ np.float64 for sss in scalars_pdf ]})
+    data_pdf  = np.zeros(shape=(nyr,n_bins)   , dtype={'names':scalars_pdf, 'formats':[ np.float64 for sss in scalars_pdf ]})
+    data_hos  = np.zeros(shape=(nyr,)         , dtype={'names':scalars_hos, 'formats':[ np.float64 for sss in scalars_hos ]})
+    
+    # ==============================================================
+    # check memory
+    # ==============================================================
+    
+    hostname = MPI.Get_processor_name()
+    mem_free_gb = psutil.virtual_memory().free / 1024**3
+    G = self.comm.gather([ self.rank , hostname , mem_free_gb ], root=0)
+    G = self.comm.bcast(G, root=0)
+    
+    host_mem = {}
+    for rank, host, mem in G:
+        if host not in host_mem or mem < host_mem[host]:
+            host_mem[host] = mem
+    total_free = sum(host_mem.values())
+    
+    if verbose:
+        print(72*'-')
+        for key,value in host_mem.items():
+            even_print(f'RAM free {key}', f'{int(np.floor(value)):d} [GB]')
+        even_print('RAM free (local,min)', f'{int(np.floor(min(host_mem.values()))):d} [GB]')
+        even_print('RAM free (global)', f'{int(np.floor(total_free)):d} [GB]')
+    
+    shape_read = (nx,sy,nz,nt) ## local
+    if verbose: even_print('read shape (local)', f'[{nx:d},{sy:d},{nz:d},{nt:d}]')
+    data_gb = np.dtype(np.float64).itemsize * np.prod(shape_read) / 1024**3
+    if verbose: even_print('read size (global)', f'{int(np.ceil(data_gb*ry)):d} [GB]')
+    
+    if verbose: even_print('read size (global) ×6', f'{int(np.ceil(data_gb*ry*6)):d} [GB]')
+    ram_usage_est = data_gb*ry*6/total_free
+    if verbose: even_print('RAM usage estimate', f'{100*ram_usage_est:0.1f} [%]')
+    
+    self.comm.Barrier()
+    if (ram_usage_est>0.80):
+        print('RAM consumption might be too high. exiting.')
+        self.comm.Abort(1)
+    
+    # ==============================================================
+    # main loop
+    # ==============================================================
+    
+    self.comm.Barrier()
+    if verbose:
+        progress_bar = tqdm(
+            #total=cy*len(scalars_dict),
+            total=len(scalars_dict)*(nyr//sy),
+            ncols=100,
+            desc='statistics',
+            leave=True,
+            file=sys.stdout,
+            mininterval=0.1,
+            smoothing=0.,
+            #bar_format="\033[B{l_bar}{bar}| {n}/{total} [{percentage:.1f}%] {elapsed}/{remaining}\033[A\n\b",
+            bar_format="{l_bar}{bar}| {n}/{total} [{percentage:.1f}%] {elapsed}/{remaining}",
+            ascii="░█",
+            colour='#FF6600',
+            )
+    
+    ## scalar dict loop
+    for s,ss in scalars_dict.items(): ## e.g. where s='r_uIIvII' & ss=[ ( 'rho', ('u',True ), ('v',True ) ), True,True,False ]
+        
+        if verbose: tqdm.write(72*'-')
+        
+        recipe, do_mean, do_pdf, do_skew_kurt = ss
+        
+        if verbose:
+            tqdm.write(even_print('computing',s,s=True,))
+        
+        # if verbose: ## report per-rank read shape
+        #     nyc_max = max([ cyl_[1]-cyl_[0] for cyl_ in cyl ])
+        #     data_gb = 8 * nx * nyc_max * nz * nt / 1024**3
+        #     tqdm.write(even_print('read shape per rank', f'[{nx:d},{nyc_max:d},{nz:d},{nt:d}] · 8 [Bytes] --> {data_gb:0.1f} [GB]', s=True))
+        #     tqdm.write(even_print('mem per read', f'{self.n_ranks*data_gb:0.1f} [GB]', s=True))
+        #     tqdm.write(even_print('mem per read ×6', f'{self.n_ranks*data_gb*6.:0.3f} [GB]', s=True)) ## genoa3tb64c, ?R ...
+        
+        ## should ρ be read?
+        read_rho = False
+        for s_ in recipe:
+            if isinstance(s_, str) and (s_=='rho'):
+                read_rho = True
+            elif isinstance(s_, str) and (s_!='rho'):
+                pass
+            elif isinstance(s_, tuple):
+                if not isinstance(s_[1], bool):
+                    raise ValueError
+                if s_[1]: ## i.e. density-weighted
+                    read_rho = True
+            else:
+                raise ValueError
+        
+        ## [y] loop outer (grid subchunks within rank)
+        # for cyl_ in cyl:
+        #     cy1, cy2 = cyl_
+        #     nyc = cy2 - cy1
+        
+        for ci in range(nyr//sy):
+            cy1 = ry1 + ci*sy
+            cy2 = cy1 + sy
+            nyc = cy2 - cy1
+            
+            ## read ρ
+            if read_rho:
+                
+                #rho = np.zeros(shape=(nx,nyc,nz,nt), dtype=dtype_unsteady) ## buffer... chunk range context
+                
+                dset = self['data/rho']
+                self.comm.Barrier()
+                t_start = timeit.default_timer()
+                if self.usingmpi:
+                    with dset.collective:
+                        #rho[:,:,:,:] = dset[:,:,cy1:cy2,:].T.astype(np.float64)
+                        rho = dset[:,:,cy1:cy2,:].T
+                else:
+                    #rho[:,:,:,:] = dset[()].T.astype(np.float64)
+                    rho = dset[()].T
+                self.comm.Barrier()
+                t_delta = timeit.default_timer() - t_start
+                data_gb = dset.dtype.itemsize * self.nx * ry * (cy2-cy1) * self.nz * self.nt / 1024**3
+                if verbose:
+                    tqdm.write(even_print('read: ρ', '%0.3f [GB]  %0.3f [s]  %0.3f [GB/s]'%(data_gb,t_delta,(data_gb/t_delta)), s=True))
+                
+                ## cast to double
+                rho = rho.astype(np.float64)
+                
+                ## re-dimensionalize
+                rho *= self.rho_inf
+                
+                ## ρ mean in [t] --> leave [x,y,z,1]
+                rho_avg = np.mean(rho, axis=3, dtype=np.float64, keepdims=True)
+            
+            else:
+                rho     = None ; del rho
+                rho_avg = None ; del rho_avg
+            
+            ## product buffer for multiplication --> !!! notices ones() here and not zeros() !!!
+            data_accum = np.ones(shape=(nx,nyc,nz,nt), dtype=dtype_unsteady) ## chunk range context
+            
+            ## read unsteady scalar data, remove mean, <density weight>, multiply
+            for sss in recipe:
+                
+                if isinstance(sss, str) and (sss=='rho'): ## ρ
+                    
+                    ## multiply product accumulator, ρ was already read and is already dimensional
+                    data_accum *= rho
+                
+                elif isinstance(sss, str) and (sss!='rho'): ## scalar which will NOT be mean-removed
+                    
+                    #data_X = np.zeros(shape=(nx,nyc,nz,nt), dtype=dtype_unsteady) ## buffer... chunk range context
+                    dset = self[f'data/{sss}']
+                    
+                    ## read
+                    self.comm.Barrier()
+                    t_start = timeit.default_timer()
+                    if self.usingmpi:
+                        with dset.collective:
+                            #data_X[:,:,:,:] = dset[:,:,cy1:cy2,:].T.astype(np.float64)
+                            #data_X = np.copy( dset[:,:,cy1:cy2,:].T )
+                            data_X = dset[:,:,cy1:cy2,:].T
+                    else:
+                        #data_X[:,:,:,:] = dset[()].T.astype(np.float64)
+                        #data_X = np.copy( dset[()].T )
+                        data_X = dset[()].T
+                    self.comm.Barrier()
+                    t_delta = timeit.default_timer() - t_start
+                    data_gb = dset.dtype.itemsize * self.nx * ry * (cy2-cy1) * self.nz * self.nt / 1024**3
+                    if verbose:
+                        tqdm.write(even_print(f'read: {sss}', '%0.3f [GB]  %0.3f [s]  %0.3f [GB/s]'%(data_gb,t_delta,(data_gb/t_delta)), s=True))
+                    
+                    ## cast to double
+                    data_X = data_X.astype(np.float64)
+                    
+                    ## re-dimensionalize
+                    if sss in ['u','v','w',]:
+                        data_X *= self.U_inf
+                    elif sss in ['T',]:
+                        data_X *= self.T_inf
+                    elif sss in ['rho',]:
+                        data_X *= self.rho_inf
+                    elif sss in ['p',]:
+                        data_X *= self.rho_inf * self.U_inf**2
+                    else:
+                        raise ValueError(f"condition needed for redimensionalizing '{str(sss)}'")
+                    
+                    ## MULTIPLY product accumulator
+                    data_accum *= data_X
+                
+                elif isinstance(sss, tuple): ## scalar which WILL be mean-removed (with- or without ρ-weighting)
+                    
+                    if (len(sss)!=2):
+                        raise ValueError
+                    
+                    sn, do_density_weighting = sss ## e.g. ('u',True)
+                    
+                    #data_X = np.zeros(shape=(nx,nyc,nz,nt), dtype=dtype_unsteady) ## buffer... chunk range context
+                    dset = self[f'data/{sn}']
+                    
+                    ## read
+                    self.comm.Barrier()
+                    t_start = timeit.default_timer()
+                    if self.usingmpi:
+                        with dset.collective:
+                            #data_X[:,:,:,:] = dset[:,:,cy1:cy2,:].T.astype(np.float64)
+                            #data_X = np.copy( dset[:,:,cy1:cy2,:].T )
+                            data_X = dset[:,:,cy1:cy2,:].T
+                    else:
+                        #data_X[:,:,:,:] = dset[()].T.astype(np.float64)
+                        #data_X = np.copy( dset[()].T )
+                        data_X = dset[()].T
+                    self.comm.Barrier()
+                    t_delta = timeit.default_timer() - t_start
+                    data_gb = dset.dtype.itemsize * self.nx * ry * (cy2-cy1) * self.nz * self.nt / 1024**3
+                    if verbose:
+                        tqdm.write(even_print(f'read: {sn}', '%0.3f [GB]  %0.3f [s]  %0.3f [GB/s]'%(data_gb,t_delta,(data_gb/t_delta)), s=True))
+                    
+                    ## cast to double
+                    data_X = data_X.astype(np.float64)
+                    
+                    ## redimensionalize
+                    if sn in ['u','v','w',]:
+                        data_X *= self.U_inf
+                    elif sn in ['T',]:
+                        data_X *= self.T_inf
+                    elif sn in ['rho',]:
+                        data_X *= self.rho_inf
+                    elif sn in ['p',]:
+                        data_X *= self.rho_inf * self.U_inf**2
+                    else:
+                        raise ValueError(f"condition needed for redimensionalizing '{str(sn)}'")
+                    
+                    ## avg(□) or avg(ρ·□)/avg(ρ)
+                    if do_density_weighting:
+                        data_X_mean = np.mean( rho*data_X , axis=3, dtype=np.float64, keepdims=True) ## [x,y,z,1]
+                        data_X_mean /= rho_avg
+                    else:
+                        data_X_mean = np.mean( data_X , axis=3, dtype=np.float64, keepdims=True) ## [x,y,z,1]
+                    
+                    ## Reynolds prime □′ or Favre prime □″
+                    data_X -= data_X_mean
+                    
+                    ## assert avg(□′)==0 or avg(ρ·□″)==0
+                    if do_density_weighting:
+                        a_ = np.mean(rho*data_X, axis=3, dtype=np.float64, keepdims=True)
+                    else:
+                        a_ = np.mean(data_X, axis=3, dtype=np.float64, keepdims=True)
+                    #np.testing.assert_allclose(a_, np.zeros_like(a_), atol=1e-3)
+                    if not np.allclose( a_, np.zeros_like(a_), atol=1e-3 ):
+                        print(f'rank {self.rank:d}: avg(□′)!=0 or avg(ρ·□″)!=0')
+                        self.comm.Abort(1)
+                    
+                    ## MULTIPLY product accumulator by □′ | □″
+                    data_accum *= data_X
+                
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError
+            
+            # ===============================================================================
+            # At this point you have the UNSTEADY 4D [x,y,z,t] data according to 'recipe'
+            # ===============================================================================
+            
+            yiA = cy1 - ry1
+            yiB = cy2 - ry1
+            
+            ## mean in [t] --> leave [x,y,z,1]
+            d_mean = np.mean( data_accum, axis=(3,), keepdims=True, dtype=np.float64)
+            if ( d_mean.shape != (nx,nyc,nz,1,) ):
+                print(f'rank {self.rank:d}: shape violation')
+                self.comm.Abort(1)
+            
+            if do_mean: ## mean in [x,z] --> leave [y]
+                data_avg[s][yiA:yiB] = np.squeeze( np.mean( d_mean, axis=(0,2), dtype=np.float64) )
+            
+            ## [y] loop inner ([y] indices within subdivision within rank)
+            for yi in range(cy1,cy2):
+                
+                yii  = yi - cy1 ## chunk local
+                yiii = yi - ry1 ## rank local
+                
+                if do_pdf:
+                    
+                    d_ = np.copy( data_accum[:,yii,:,:].ravel() )
+                    if ( d_.shape != (nx*1*nz*nt,) ):
+                        print(f'rank {self.rank:d}: shape violation')
+                        self.comm.Abort(1)
+                    pdf_ , bin_edges_ = np.histogram( d_ , bins=n_bins , density=True )
+                    data_bins[s][yiii,:] = bin_edges_
+                    data_pdf[s][yiii,:]  = pdf_
+                
+                if do_skew_kurt:
+                    
+                    #d_ = np.copy( data_accum[:,yii,:,:] ) ## [x,1,z,t]
+                    d_ = np.zeros(shape=(nx,1,nz,nt), dtype=dtype_unsteady)
+                    d_[:,:,:,:] = data_accum[:,yii,:,:][:,np.newaxis,:,:] ## [x,1,z,t]
+                    if ( d_.shape != (nx,1,nz,nt) ):
+                        print(f'rank {self.rank:d}: shape violation')
+                        self.comm.Abort(1)
+                    
+                    ## ## is it interpretable as a Reynolds mean-removed quantity? (□′)
+                    ## interpretable_as_Re_mean = False
+                    ## a_ = np.mean(d_, axis=3, dtype=np.float64, keepdims=True) ## mean in [t]
+                    ## np.testing.assert_equal( a_.shape, (nx,1,nz,1,) )
+                    ## if np.allclose(a_, np.zeros_like(a_), atol=1e-10):
+                    ##     interpretable_as_Re_mean = True
+                    ## 
+                    ## ## is it interpretable as a Favre mean-removed quantity? (□″)
+                    ## interpretable_as_Fv_mean = False
+                    ## if read_rho and not interpretable_as_Re_mean:
+                    ##     #rho_ = np.copy( rho[:,yii,:,:] )
+                    ##     rho_ = np.zeros(shape=(nx,1,nz,nt), dtype=dtype_unsteady)
+                    ##     rho_[:,:,:,:] = rho[:,yii,:,:][:,np.newaxis,:,:] ## [x,1,z,t]
+                    ##     np.testing.assert_equal( rho_.shape, (nx,1,nz,nt) )
+                    ##     
+                    ##     a_ = np.mean(d_*rho_, axis=3, dtype=np.float64, keepdims=True) ## mean in [t]
+                    ##     np.testing.assert_equal( a_.shape, (nx,1,nz,1,) )
+                    ##     if np.allclose(a_, np.zeros_like(a_), atol=1e-10):
+                    ##         interpretable_as_Fv_mean = True
+                    ## 
+                    ## if (not interpretable_as_Re_mean) and (not interpretable_as_Fv_mean):
+                    ##     print(f'{s} has non-zero Favre and Reynolds mean, i.e. is not <□′>!=0 and <ρ□″>!=0')
+                    ##     self.comm.Abort(1)
+                    
+                    dI = np.copy( d_.ravel() ) ## □′ or □″
+                    if ( dI.shape != (nx*1*nz*nt,) ):
+                        print(f'rank {self.rank:d}: shape violation')
+                        self.comm.Abort(1)
+                    
+                    d_std = np.sqrt( np.mean( dI**2 , dtype=np.float64 ) )
+                    
+                    if np.isclose(d_std, 0., atol=1e-08):
+                        d_skew = 0.
+                        d_kurt = 0.
+                    else:
+                        d_skew = np.mean( dI**3 , dtype=np.float64 ) / d_std**3
+                        d_kurt = np.mean( dI**4 , dtype=np.float64 ) / d_std**4
+                    
+                    data_hos[f'{s}_skew'][yiii] = d_skew
+                    data_hos[f'{s}_kurt'][yiii] = d_kurt
+            
+            self.comm.Barrier() ## [y] loop outer (chunks within rank)
+            if verbose: progress_bar.update()
+            
+            # break ## debug
+    
+    if verbose:
+        progress_bar.close()
+        print(72*'-')
+    
+    # ==============================================================
+    # write HDF5 (.h5) file
+    # ==============================================================
+    
+    ## open on rank 0 and write attributes, dimensions, etc.
+    if (self.rank==0):
+        with h5py.File(fn_h5_out, 'w') as hfw:
+            
+            ## write floats,ints as top-level attributes
+            for key,val in data.items():
+                if isinstance(data[key], (int,np.int32,np.int64)):
+                    hfw.attrs[key] = val
+                elif isinstance(data[key], (float,np.float32,np.float64)):
+                    hfw.attrs[key] = val
+                elif isinstance(data[key], np.ndarray):
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    print(f'key {key} is type {str(type(data[key]))}')
+                    self.comm.Abort(1)
+            
+            ## write numpy arrays
+            hfw.create_dataset( 'dims/x' , data=x ) ## [m]
+            hfw.create_dataset( 'dims/y' , data=y ) ## [m]
+            hfw.create_dataset( 'dims/z' , data=z ) ## [m]
+            hfw.create_dataset( 'dims/t' , data=t ) ## [s]
+            
+            ## initialize datasets
+            for scalar in scalars_avg:
+                hfw.create_dataset( f'avg/{scalar}', shape=(ny,), dtype=np.float64, chunks=None, data=np.full((ny,),0.,np.float64) )
+            for scalar in scalars_pdf:
+                hfw.create_dataset( f'bins/{scalar}', shape=(ny,n_bins+1), dtype=np.float64, chunks=(1,n_bins+1), data=np.full((ny,n_bins+1),0.,np.float64) )
+            for scalar in scalars_pdf:
+                hfw.create_dataset( f'pdf/{scalar}', shape=(ny,n_bins), dtype=np.float64, chunks=(1,n_bins), data=np.full((ny,n_bins),0.,np.float64) )
+            for scalar in scalars_hos:
+                hfw.create_dataset( f'hos/{scalar}', shape=(ny,), dtype=np.float64, chunks=None, data=np.full((ny,),0.,np.float64) )
+    
+    self.comm.Barrier()
+    
+    with h5py.File(fn_h5_out, 'a', driver='mpio', comm=self.comm) as hfw:
+        
+        ## collectively write avg,bins,pdf,hos
+        for scalar in scalars_avg:
+            dset = hfw[f'avg/{scalar}']
+            with dset.collective:
+                dset[ry1:ry2] = data_avg[scalar][:]
+        for scalar in scalars_pdf:
+            dset = hfw[f'bins/{scalar}']
+            with dset.collective:
+                dset[ry1:ry2,:] = data_bins[scalar][:,:]
+        for scalar in scalars_pdf:
+            dset = hfw[f'pdf/{scalar}']
+            with dset.collective:
+                dset[ry1:ry2,:] = data_pdf[scalar][:,:]
+        for scalar in scalars_hos:
+            dset = hfw[f'hos/{scalar}']
+            with dset.collective:
+                dset[ry1:ry2] = data_hos[scalar][:]
+    
+    ## report file contents
+    self.comm.Barrier()
+    if (self.rank==0):
+        even_print( os.path.basename(fn_h5_out) , f'{(os.path.getsize(fn_h5_out)/1024**2):0.1f} [MB]' )
+        print(72*'-')
+        with h5py.File(fn_h5_out,'r') as hfr:
+            h5_print_contents(hfr)
+    self.comm.Barrier()
+    
+    if verbose: print(72*'-')
+    if verbose: print('total time : rgd.calc_statistics_xpln() : %s'%format_time_string((timeit.default_timer() - t_start_func)))
+    if verbose: print(72*'-')
+    return