transcrypto 1.7.0__py3-none-any.whl → 1.8.0__py3-none-any.whl

transcrypto/transcrypto.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2026 Daniel Balparda <balparda@github.com>
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-"""Balparda's TransCrypto command line interface.
+"""Balparda's TransCrypto command line interface (CLI).
 
 See <transcrypto.md> for documentation on how to use. Quick examples:
 
@@ -92,30 +92,40 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import dataclasses
 import enum
-import glob
 import logging
 import pathlib
-import re
-from typing import Any
 
 import click
 import typer
 
+from transcrypto.cli import clibase
+
 from . import (
   __version__,
   aes,
   base,
-  dsa,
-  elgamal,
-  modmath,
-  rsa,
-  sss,
 )
 
-_HEX_RE = re.compile(r'^[0-9a-fA-F]+$')
+
+class IOFormat(enum.Enum):
+  """Input/output data format for CLI commands."""
+
+  hex = 'hex'
+  b64 = 'b64'
+  bin = 'bin'
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(kw_only=True, slots=True, frozen=True)
+class TransConfig(clibase.CLIConfig):
+  """CLI global context, storing the configuration."""
+
+  input_format: IOFormat
+  output_format: IOFormat
+  key_path: pathlib.Path | None
+  protect: str | None
 
 
-def _RequireKeyPath(config: TransConfig, command: str, /) -> str:
+def RequireKeyPath(config: TransConfig, command: str, /) -> str:
   """Ensure key path is provided and valid.
 
   Args:
@@ -136,7 +146,7 @@ def _RequireKeyPath(config: TransConfig, command: str, /) -> str:
   return str(config.key_path)
 
 
-def _ParseInt(s: str, /, *, min_value: int | None = None) -> int:
+def ParseInt(s: str, /, *, min_value: int | None = None) -> int:
   """Parse int, try to determine if binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal.
 
   Args:
@@ -171,7 +181,7 @@ def _ParseInt(s: str, /, *, min_value: int | None = None) -> int:
     raise base.InputError(f'invalid int: {s!r}') from err
 
 
-def _ParseIntPairCLI(s: str, /) -> tuple[int, int]:
+def ParseIntPairCLI(s: str, /) -> tuple[int, int]:
   """Parse a CLI int pair of the form `a:b`.
 
   Args:
@@ -187,10 +197,10 @@ def _ParseIntPairCLI(s: str, /) -> tuple[int, int]:
   parts: list[str] = s.split(':')
   if len(parts) != 2:  # noqa: PLR2004
     raise base.InputError(f'invalid int(s): {s!r} (expected a:b)')
-  return (_ParseInt(parts[0]), _ParseInt(parts[1]))
+  return (ParseInt(parts[0]), ParseInt(parts[1]))
 
 
-def _BytesFromText(text: str, fmt: IOFormat, /) -> bytes:
+def BytesFromText(text: str, fmt: IOFormat, /) -> bytes:
   """Parse bytes according to `fmt` (IOFormat.hex|b64|bin).
 
   Args:
@@ -210,7 +220,7 @@ def _BytesFromText(text: str, fmt: IOFormat, /) -> bytes:
       return base.EncodedToBytes(text)
 
 
-def _BytesToText(b: bytes, fmt: IOFormat, /) -> str:
+def BytesToText(b: bytes, fmt: IOFormat, /) -> str:
   """Format bytes according to `fmt` (IOFormat.hex|b64|bin).
 
   Args:
@@ -230,11 +240,11 @@ def _BytesToText(b: bytes, fmt: IOFormat, /) -> str:
       return base.BytesToEncoded(b)
 
 
-def _SaveObj(obj: Any, path: str, password: str | None, /) -> None:  # noqa: ANN401
+def SaveObj(obj: base.CryptoKey, path: str, password: str | None, /) -> None:
   """Save object.
 
   Args:
-      obj (Any): object
+      obj (base.CryptoKey): object
       path (str): path
       password (str | None): password
 
@@ -244,7 +254,7 @@ def _SaveObj(obj: Any, path: str, password: str | None, /) -> None:  # noqa: ANN
   logging.info('saved object: %s (%s)', path, base.HumanizedBytes(len(blob)))
 
 
-def _LoadObj[T](path: str, password: str | None, expect: type[T], /) -> T:
+def LoadObj[T](path: str, password: str | None, expect: type[T], /) -> T:
   """Load object.
 
   Args:
@@ -268,24 +278,6 @@ def _LoadObj[T](path: str, password: str | None, expect: type[T], /) -> T:
   return obj
 
 
-class IOFormat(enum.Enum):
-  """Input/output data format for CLI commands."""
-
-  hex = 'hex'
-  b64 = 'b64'
-  bin = 'bin'
-
-
-@dataclasses.dataclass(kw_only=True, slots=True, frozen=True)
-class TransConfig(base.CLIConfig):
-  """CLI global context, storing the configuration."""
-
-  input_format: IOFormat
-  output_format: IOFormat
-  key_path: pathlib.Path | None
-  protect: str | None
-
-
 # ============================= "TRANSCRYPTO"/ROOT COMMAND =========================================
 
 
@@ -379,6 +371,7 @@ def Run() -> None:
   invoke_without_command=True,  # have only one; this is the "constructor"
   help='transcrypto: CLI for number theory, hash, AES, RSA, El-Gamal, DSA, bidding, SSS, and more.',
 )  # keep message in sync with app.help
+@clibase.CLIErrorGuard
 def Main(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
   *,
   ctx: click.Context,  # global context
@@ -434,10 +427,10 @@ def Main(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
   if version:
     typer.echo(__version__)
     raise typer.Exit(0)
-  console, verbose, color = base.InitLogging(
+  console, verbose, color = clibase.InitLogging(
     verbose,
     color=color,
-    include_process=False,  # decide if you want process names in logs
+    include_process=False,
   )
   # create context with the arguments we received.
   ctx.obj = TransConfig(
@@ -451,1957 +444,18 @@ def Main(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
   )
 
 
-# =============================== "PRIME"-like COMMANDS ============================================
-
-
-@app.command(
-  'isprime',
-  help='Primality test with safe defaults, useful for any integer size.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto isprime 2305843009213693951\n\n'
-    'True\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto isprime 2305843009213693953\n\n'
-    'False'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def IsPrimeCLI(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  n: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer to test, ≥ 1'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  n_i: int = _ParseInt(n, min_value=1)
-  config.console.print(str(modmath.IsPrime(n_i)))
-
-
-@app.command(
-  'primegen',
-  help='Generate (stream) primes ≥ `start` (prints a limited `count` by default).',
-  epilog=('Example:\n\n\n\n$ poetry run transcrypto primegen 100 -c 3\n\n101\n\n103\n\n107'),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def PrimeGenCLI(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  start: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Starting integer (inclusive), ≥ 0'),
-  count: int = typer.Option(1, '-c', '--count', min=1, help='How many to print, ≥ 1'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  start_i: int = _ParseInt(start, min_value=0)
-  for i, pr in enumerate(modmath.PrimeGenerator(start_i)):
-    if i >= count:
-      return
-    config.console.print(pr)
-
-
-@app.command(
-  'mersenne',
-  help=(
-    'Generate (stream) Mersenne prime exponents `k`, also outputting `2^k-1` '
-    '(the Mersenne prime, `M`) and `M×2^(k-1)` (the associated perfect number), '  # noqa: RUF001
-    'starting at `min-k` and stopping once `k` > `max-k`.'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mersenne -k 0 -m 15\n\n'
-    'k=2  M=3  perfect=6\n\n'
-    'k=3  M=7  perfect=28\n\n'
-    'k=5  M=31  perfect=496\n\n'
-    'k=7  M=127  perfect=8128\n\n'
-    'k=13  M=8191  perfect=33550336\n\n'
-    'k=17  M=131071  perfect=8589869056'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def MersenneCLI(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  min_k: int = typer.Option(2, '-k', '--min-k', min=1, help='Starting exponent `k`, ≥ 2'),
-  max_k: int = typer.Option(10000, '-m', '--max-k', min=1, help='Stop once `k` > `max-k`, ≥ 2'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  if max_k < min_k:
-    raise base.InputError(f'max-k ({max_k}) must be >= min-k ({min_k})')
-  for k, m, perfect in modmath.MersennePrimesGenerator(min_k):
-    if k > max_k:
-      return
-    config.console.print(f'k={k}  M={m}  perfect={perfect}')
-
-
-# ================================== "*GCD" COMMANDS ===============================================
-
-
-@app.command(
-  'gcd',
-  help='Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) of integers `a` and `b`.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto gcd 462 1071\n\n'
-    '21\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto gcd 0 5\n\n'
-    '5\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto gcd 127 13\n\n'
-    '1'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def GcdCLI(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  a: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer, ≥ 0'),
-  b: str = typer.Argument(..., help="Integer, ≥ 0 (can't be both zero)"),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  a_i: int = _ParseInt(a, min_value=0)
-  b_i: int = _ParseInt(b, min_value=0)
-  if a_i == 0 and b_i == 0:
-    raise base.InputError("`a` and `b` can't both be zero")
-  config.console.print(base.GCD(a_i, b_i))
-
-
 @app.command(
-  'xgcd',
-  help=(
-    'Extended Greatest Common Divisor (x-GCD) of integers `a` and `b`, '
-    'will return `(g, x, y)` where `a×x+b×y==g`.'  # noqa: RUF001
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto xgcd 462 1071\n\n'
-    '(21, 7, -3)\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto xgcd 0 5\n\n'
-    '(5, 0, 1)\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto xgcd 127 13\n\n'
-    '(1, 4, -39)'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def XgcdCLI(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  a: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer, ≥ 0'),
-  b: str = typer.Argument(..., help="Integer, ≥ 0 (can't be both zero)"),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  a_i: int = _ParseInt(a, min_value=0)
-  b_i: int = _ParseInt(b, min_value=0)
-  if a_i == 0 and b_i == 0:
-    raise base.InputError("`a` and `b` can't both be zero")
-  config.console.print(str(base.ExtendedGCD(a_i, b_i)))
-
-
-# ================================= "RANDOM" COMMAND ===============================================
-
-
-random_app = typer.Typer(
-  no_args_is_help=True,
-  help='Cryptographically secure randomness, from the OS CSPRNG.',
-)
-app.add_typer(random_app, name='random')
-
-
-@random_app.command(
-  'bits',
-  help='Random integer with exact bit length = `bits` (MSB will be 1).',
-  epilog=('Example:\n\n\n\n$ poetry run transcrypto random bits 16\n\n36650'),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RandomBits(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  bits: int = typer.Argument(..., min=8, help='Number of bits, ≥ 8'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  config.console.print(base.RandBits(bits))
-
-
-@random_app.command(
-  'int',
-  help='Uniform random integer in `[min, max]` range, inclusive.',
-  epilog=('Example:\n\n\n\n$ poetry run transcrypto random int 1000 2000\n\n1628'),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RandomInt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  min_: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Minimum, ≥ 0'),
-  max_: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Maximum, > `min`'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  min_i: int = _ParseInt(min_, min_value=0)
-  max_i: int = _ParseInt(max_, min_value=min_i + 1)
-  config.console.print(base.RandInt(min_i, max_i))
-
-
-@random_app.command(
-  'bytes',
-  help='Generates `n` cryptographically secure random bytes.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto random bytes 32\n\n'
-    '6c6f1f88cb93c4323285a2224373d6e59c72a9c2b82e20d1c376df4ffbe9507f'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RandomBytes(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  n: int = typer.Argument(..., min=1, help='Number of bytes, ≥ 1'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(base.RandBytes(n), config.output_format))
-
-
-@random_app.command(
-  'prime',
-  help='Generate a random prime with exact bit length = `bits` (MSB will be 1).',
-  epilog=('Example:\n\n\n\n$ poetry run transcrypto random prime 32\n\n2365910551'),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RandomPrime(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  bits: int = typer.Argument(..., min=11, help='Bit length, ≥ 11'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  config.console.print(modmath.NBitRandomPrimes(bits).pop())
-
-
-# =================================== "MOD" COMMAND ================================================
-
-
-mod_app = typer.Typer(
-  no_args_is_help=True,
-  help='Modular arithmetic helpers.',
-)
-app.add_typer(mod_app, name='mod')
-
-
-@mod_app.command(
-  'inv',
-  help=(
-    'Modular inverse: find integer 0≤`i`<`m` such that `a×i ≡ 1 (mod m)`. '  # noqa: RUF001
-    'Will only work if `gcd(a,m)==1`, else will fail with a message.'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod inv 127 13\n\n'
-    '4\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod inv 17 3120\n\n'
-    '2753\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod inv 462 1071\n\n'
-    '<<INVALID>> no modular inverse exists (ModularDivideError)'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ModInv(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  a: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer to invert'),
-  m: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Modulus `m`, ≥ 2'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  a_i: int = _ParseInt(a)
-  m_i: int = _ParseInt(m, min_value=2)
-  try:
-    config.console.print(modmath.ModInv(a_i, m_i))
-  except modmath.ModularDivideError:
-    config.console.print('<<INVALID>> no modular inverse exists (ModularDivideError)')
-
-
-@mod_app.command(
-  'div',
-  help=(
-    'Modular division: find integer 0≤`z`<`m` such that `z×y ≡ x (mod m)`. '  # noqa: RUF001
-    'Will only work if `gcd(y,m)==1` and `y!=0`, else will fail with a message.'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod div 6 127 13\n\n'
-    '11\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod div 6 0 13\n\n'
-    '<<INVALID>> divide-by-zero or not invertible (ModularDivideError)'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ModDiv(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  x: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer'),
-  y: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer, cannot be zero'),
-  m: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Modulus `m`, ≥ 2'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  x_i: int = _ParseInt(x)
-  y_i: int = _ParseInt(y)
-  m_i: int = _ParseInt(m, min_value=2)
-  try:
-    config.console.print(modmath.ModDiv(x_i, y_i, m_i))
-  except modmath.ModularDivideError:
-    config.console.print('<<INVALID>> divide-by-zero or not invertible (ModularDivideError)')
-
-
-@mod_app.command(
-  'exp',
-  help='Modular exponentiation: `a^e mod m`. Efficient, can handle huge values.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod exp 438 234 127\n\n'
-    '32\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod exp 438 234 89854\n\n'
-    '60622'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ModExp(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  a: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer value'),
-  e: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer exponent, ≥ 0'),
-  m: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Modulus `m`, ≥ 2'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  a_i: int = _ParseInt(a)
-  e_i: int = _ParseInt(e, min_value=0)
-  m_i: int = _ParseInt(m, min_value=2)
-  config.console.print(modmath.ModExp(a_i, e_i, m_i))
-
-
-@mod_app.command(
-  'poly',
-  help=(
-    'Efficiently evaluate polynomial with `coeff` coefficients at point `x` modulo `m` '
-    '(`c₀+c₁×x+c₂×x²+…+cₙ×x^n mod m`).'  # noqa: RUF001
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod poly 12 17 10 20 30\n\n'
-    '14  # (10+20×12+30×12² ≡ 14 (mod 17))\n\n'  # noqa: RUF001
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod poly 10 97 3 0 0 1 1\n\n'
-    '42  # (3+1×10³+1×10⁴ ≡ 42 (mod 97))'  # noqa: RUF001
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ModPoly(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  x: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Evaluation point `x`'),
-  m: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Modulus `m`, ≥ 2'),
-  coeff: list[str] = typer.Argument(  # noqa: B008
-    ...,
-    help='Coefficients (constant-term first: `c₀+c₁×x+c₂×x²+…+cₙ×x^n`)',  # noqa: RUF001
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  x_i: int = _ParseInt(x)
-  m_i: int = _ParseInt(m, min_value=2)
-  coeff_i: list[int] = [_ParseInt(z) for z in coeff]
-  config.console.print(modmath.ModPolynomial(x_i, coeff_i, m_i))
-
-
-@mod_app.command(
-  'lagrange',
-  help=(
-    'Lagrange interpolation over modulus `m`: find the `f(x)` solution for the '
-    'given `x` and `zₙ:f(zₙ)` points `pt`. The modulus `m` must be a prime.'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod lagrange 5 13 2:4 6:3 7:1\n\n'
-    '3  # passes through (2,4), (6,3), (7,1)\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod lagrange 11 97 1:1 2:4 3:9 4:16 5:25\n\n'
-    '24  # passes through (1,1), (2,4), (3,9), (4,16), (5,25)'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ModLagrange(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  x: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Evaluation point `x`'),
-  m: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Modulus `m`, ≥ 2'),
-  pt: list[str] = typer.Argument(  # noqa: B008
-    ...,
-    help='Points `zₙ:f(zₙ)` as `key:value` pairs (e.g., `2:4 5:3 7:1`)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  x_i: int = _ParseInt(x)
-  m_i: int = _ParseInt(m, min_value=2)
-  pts: dict[int, int] = dict(_ParseIntPairCLI(kv) for kv in pt)
-  config.console.print(modmath.ModLagrangeInterpolate(x_i, pts, m_i))
-
-
-@mod_app.command(
-  'crt',
-  help=(
-    'Solves Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) Pair: finds the unique integer 0≤`x`<`(m1×m2)` '  # noqa: RUF001
-    'satisfying both `x ≡ a1 (mod m1)` and `x ≡ a2 (mod m2)`, if `gcd(m1,m2)==1`.'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod crt 6 7 127 13\n\n'
-    '62\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod crt 12 56 17 19\n\n'
-    '796\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto mod crt 6 7 462 1071\n\n'
-    '<<INVALID>> moduli m1/m2 not co-prime (ModularDivideError)'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ModCRT(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  a1: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer residue for first congruence'),
-  m1: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Modulus `m1`, ≥ 2'),
-  a2: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer residue for second congruence'),
-  m2: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Modulus `m2`, ≥ 2, !=`m1`, and `gcd(m1,m2)==1`'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  a1_i: int = _ParseInt(a1)
-  m1_i: int = _ParseInt(m1, min_value=2)
-  a2_i: int = _ParseInt(a2)
-  m2_i: int = _ParseInt(m2, min_value=2)
-  try:
-    config.console.print(modmath.CRTPair(a1_i, m1_i, a2_i, m2_i))
-  except modmath.ModularDivideError:
-    config.console.print('<<INVALID>> moduli `m1`/`m2` not co-prime (ModularDivideError)')
-
-
-# =================================== "HASH" COMMAND ===============================================
-
-
-hash_app = typer.Typer(
-  no_args_is_help=True,
-  help='Cryptographic Hashing (SHA-256 / SHA-512 / file).',
-)
-app.add_typer(hash_app, name='hash')
-
-
-@hash_app.command(
-  'sha256',
-  help='SHA-256 of input `data`.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i bin hash sha256 xyz\n\n'
-    '3608bca1e44ea6c4d268eb6db02260269892c0b42b86bbf1e77a6fa16c3c9282\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 hash sha256 -- eHl6  # "xyz" in base-64\n\n'
-    '3608bca1e44ea6c4d268eb6db02260269892c0b42b86bbf1e77a6fa16c3c9282'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def Hash256(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  data: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Input data (raw text; or `--input-format <hex|b64|bin>`)'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  bt: bytes = _BytesFromText(data, config.input_format)
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(base.Hash256(bt), config.output_format))
-
-
-@hash_app.command(
-  'sha512',
-  help='SHA-512 of input `data`.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i bin hash sha512 xyz\n\n'
-    '4a3ed8147e37876adc8f76328e5abcc1b470e6acfc18efea0135f983604953a5'
-    '8e183c1a6086e91ba3e821d926f5fdeb37761c7ca0328a963f5e92870675b728\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 hash sha512 -- eHl6  # "xyz" in base-64\n\n'
-    '4a3ed8147e37876adc8f76328e5abcc1b470e6acfc18efea0135f983604953a5'
-    '8e183c1a6086e91ba3e821d926f5fdeb37761c7ca0328a963f5e92870675b728'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def Hash512(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  data: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Input data (raw text; or `--input-format <hex|b64|bin>`)'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  bt: bytes = _BytesFromText(data, config.input_format)
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(base.Hash512(bt), config.output_format))
-
-
-@hash_app.command(
-  'file',
-  help='SHA-256/512 hash of file contents, defaulting to SHA-256.',
+  'markdown',
+  help='Emit Markdown docs for the CLI (see README.md section "Creating a New Version").',
   epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto hash file /etc/passwd --digest sha512\n\n'
-    '8966f5953e79f55dfe34d3dc5b160ac4a4a3f9cbd1c36695a54e28d77c7874df'
-    'f8595502f8a420608911b87d336d9e83c890f0e7ec11a76cb10b03e757f78aea'
+    'Example:\n\n\n\n$ poetry run transcrypto markdown > transcrypto.md\n\n<<saves CLI doc>>'
   ),
 )
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def HashFile(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  path: pathlib.Path = typer.Argument(  # noqa: B008
-    ...,
-    exists=True,
-    file_okay=True,
-    dir_okay=False,
-    readable=True,
-    resolve_path=True,
-    help='Path to existing file',
-  ),
-  digest: str = typer.Option(
-    'sha256',
-    '-d',
-    '--digest',
-    click_type=click.Choice(['sha256', 'sha512'], case_sensitive=False),
-    help='Digest type, SHA-256 ("sha256") or SHA-512 ("sha512")',
-  ),
-) -> None:
+@clibase.CLIErrorGuard
+def Markdown(*, ctx: typer.Context) -> None:  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
   config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(base.FileHash(str(path), digest=digest), config.output_format))
-
+  config.console.print(clibase.GenerateTyperHelpMarkdown(app, prog_name='transcrypto'))
 
-# =================================== "AES" COMMAND ================================================
 
-
-aes_app = typer.Typer(
-  no_args_is_help=True,
-  help=(
-    'AES-256 operations (GCM/ECB) and key derivation. '
-    'No measures are taken here to prevent timing attacks.'
-  ),
-)
-app.add_typer(aes_app, name='aes')
-
-
-@aes_app.command(
-  'key',
-  help=(
-    'Derive key from a password (PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256) with custom expensive '
-    'salt and iterations. Very good/safe for simple password-to-key but not for '
-    'passwords databases (because of constant salt).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -o b64 aes key "correct horse battery staple"\n\n'
-    'DbWJ_ZrknLEEIoq_NpoCQwHYfjskGokpueN2O_eY0es=\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p keyfile.out --protect hunter aes key '
-    '"correct horse battery staple"\n\n'
-    "AES key saved to 'keyfile.out'"
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def AESKeyFromPass(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  password: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Password (leading/trailing spaces ignored)'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  aes_key: aes.AESKey = aes.AESKey.FromStaticPassword(password)
-  if config.key_path is not None:
-    _SaveObj(aes_key, str(config.key_path), config.protect)
-    config.console.print(f'AES key saved to {str(config.key_path)!r}')
-  else:
-    config.console.print(_BytesToText(aes_key.key256, config.output_format))
-
-
-@aes_app.command(
-  'encrypt',
-  help=(
-    'AES-256-GCM: safely encrypt `plaintext` with `-k`/`--key` or with '
-    '`-p`/`--key-path` keyfile. All inputs are raw, or you '
-    'can use `--input-format <hex|b64|bin>`. Attention: if you provide `-a`/`--aad` '
-    '(associated data, AAD), you will need to provide the same AAD when decrypting '
-    'and it is NOT included in the `ciphertext`/CT returned by this method!'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 -o b64 aes encrypt -k '
-    'DbWJ_ZrknLEEIoq_NpoCQwHYfjskGokpueN2O_eY0es= -- AAAAAAB4eXo=\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    'F2_ZLrUw5Y8oDnbTP5t5xCUWX8WtVILLD0teyUi_37_4KHeV-YowVA==\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 -o b64 aes encrypt -k '
-    'DbWJ_ZrknLEEIoq_NpoCQwHYfjskGokpueN2O_eY0es= -a eHl6 -- AAAAAAB4eXo=\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    'xOlAHPUPpeyZHId-f3VQ_QKKMxjIW0_FBo9WOfIBrzjn0VkVV6xTRA=='  # cspell:disable-line
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def AESEncrypt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  plaintext: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Input data to encrypt (PT)'),
-  key: str | None = typer.Option(
-    None, '-k', '--key', help="Key if `-p`/`--key-path` wasn't used (32 bytes)"
-  ),
-  aad: str = typer.Option(
-    '',
-    '-a',
-    '--aad',
-    help='Associated data (optional; has to be separately sent to receiver/stored)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  aes_key: aes.AESKey
-  if key:
-    key_bytes: bytes = _BytesFromText(key, config.input_format)
-    if len(key_bytes) != 32:  # noqa: PLR2004
-      raise base.InputError(f'invalid AES key size: {len(key_bytes)} bytes (expected 32)')
-    aes_key = aes.AESKey(key256=key_bytes)
-  elif config.key_path is not None:
-    aes_key = _LoadObj(str(config.key_path), config.protect, aes.AESKey)
-  else:
-    raise base.InputError('provide -k/--key or -p/--key-path')
-  aad_bytes: bytes | None = _BytesFromText(aad, config.input_format) if aad else None
-  pt: bytes = _BytesFromText(plaintext, config.input_format)
-  ct: bytes = aes_key.Encrypt(pt, associated_data=aad_bytes)
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(ct, config.output_format))
-
-
-@aes_app.command(
-  'decrypt',
-  help=(
-    'AES-256-GCM: safely decrypt `ciphertext` with `-k`/`--key` or with '
-    '`-p`/`--key-path` keyfile. All inputs are raw, or you '
-    'can use `--input-format <hex|b64|bin>`. Attention: if you provided `-a`/`--aad` '
-    '(associated data, AAD) during encryption, you will need to provide the same AAD now!'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 -o b64 aes decrypt -k '
-    'DbWJ_ZrknLEEIoq_NpoCQwHYfjskGokpueN2O_eY0es= -- '  # cspell:disable-line
-    'F2_ZLrUw5Y8oDnbTP5t5xCUWX8WtVILLD0teyUi_37_4KHeV-YowVA==\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    'AAAAAAB4eXo=\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 -o b64 aes decrypt -k '
-    'DbWJ_ZrknLEEIoq_NpoCQwHYfjskGokpueN2O_eY0es= -a eHl6 -- '  # cspell:disable-line
-    'xOlAHPUPpeyZHId-f3VQ_QKKMxjIW0_FBo9WOfIBrzjn0VkVV6xTRA==\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    'AAAAAAB4eXo='  # cspell:disable-line
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def AESDecrypt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  ciphertext: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Input data to decrypt (CT)'),
-  key: str | None = typer.Option(
-    None, '-k', '--key', help="Key if `-p`/`--key-path` wasn't used (32 bytes)"
-  ),
-  aad: str = typer.Option(
-    '',
-    '-a',
-    '--aad',
-    help='Associated data (optional; has to be exactly the same as used during encryption)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  aes_key: aes.AESKey
-  if key:
-    key_bytes: bytes = _BytesFromText(key, config.input_format)
-    if len(key_bytes) != 32:  # noqa: PLR2004
-      raise base.InputError(f'invalid AES key size: {len(key_bytes)} bytes (expected 32)')
-    aes_key = aes.AESKey(key256=key_bytes)
-  elif config.key_path is not None:
-    aes_key = _LoadObj(str(config.key_path), config.protect, aes.AESKey)
-  else:
-    raise base.InputError('provide -k/--key or -p/--key-path')
-  # associated data, if any
-  aad_bytes: bytes | None = _BytesFromText(aad, config.input_format) if aad else None
-  ct: bytes = _BytesFromText(ciphertext, config.input_format)
-  pt: bytes = aes_key.Decrypt(ct, associated_data=aad_bytes)
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(pt, config.output_format))
-
-
-# ================================ "AES ECB" SUB-COMMAND ===========================================
-
-
-aes_ecb_app = typer.Typer(
-  no_args_is_help=True,
-  help=(
-    'AES-256-ECB: encrypt/decrypt 128 bit (16 bytes) hexadecimal blocks. UNSAFE, except '
-    'for specifically encrypting hash blocks which are very much expected to look random. '
-    'ECB mode will have the same output for the same input (no IV/nonce is used).'
-  ),
-)
-aes_app.add_typer(aes_ecb_app, name='ecb')
-
-
-@aes_ecb_app.command(
-  'encrypt',
-  help=(
-    'AES-256-ECB: encrypt 16-bytes hex `plaintext` with `-k`/`--key` or with '
-    '`-p`/`--key-path` keyfile. UNSAFE, except for specifically encrypting hash blocks.'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 aes ecb -k '
-    'DbWJ_ZrknLEEIoq_NpoCQwHYfjskGokpueN2O_eY0es= encrypt '  # cspell:disable-line
-    '00112233445566778899aabbccddeeff\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    '54ec742ca3da7b752e527b74e3a798d7'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def AESECBEncrypt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  plaintext: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Plaintext block as 32 hex chars (16-bytes)'),
-  key: str | None = typer.Option(
-    None,
-    '-k',
-    '--key',
-    help=(
-      "Key if `-p`/`--key-path` wasn't used (32 bytes; raw, or you "
-      'can use `--input-format <hex|b64|bin>`)'
-    ),
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  plaintext = plaintext.strip()
-  if len(plaintext) != 32:  # noqa: PLR2004
-    raise base.InputError('hexadecimal string must be exactly 32 hex chars')
-  if not _HEX_RE.match(plaintext):
-    raise base.InputError(f'invalid hexadecimal string: {plaintext!r}')
-  aes_key: aes.AESKey
-  if key:
-    key_bytes: bytes = _BytesFromText(key, config.input_format)
-    if len(key_bytes) != 32:  # noqa: PLR2004
-      raise base.InputError(f'invalid AES key size: {len(key_bytes)} bytes (expected 32)')
-    aes_key = aes.AESKey(key256=key_bytes)
-  elif config.key_path is not None:
-    aes_key = _LoadObj(str(config.key_path), config.protect, aes.AESKey)
-  else:
-    raise base.InputError('provide -k/--key or -p/--key-path')
-  ecb: aes.AESKey.ECBEncoderClass = aes_key.ECBEncoder()
-  config.console.print(ecb.EncryptHex(plaintext))
-
-
-@aes_ecb_app.command(
-  'decrypt',
-  help=(
-    'AES-256-ECB: decrypt 16-bytes hex `ciphertext` with `-k`/`--key` or with '
-    '`-p`/`--key-path` keyfile. UNSAFE, except for specifically encrypting hash blocks.'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 aes ecb -k '
-    'DbWJ_ZrknLEEIoq_NpoCQwHYfjskGokpueN2O_eY0es= decrypt '  # cspell:disable-line
-    '54ec742ca3da7b752e527b74e3a798d7\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    '00112233445566778899aabbccddeeff'  # cspell:disable-line
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def AESECBDecrypt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  ciphertext: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Ciphertext block as 32 hex chars (16-bytes)'),
-  key: str | None = typer.Option(
-    None,
-    '-k',
-    '--key',
-    help=(
-      "Key if `-p`/`--key-path` wasn't used (32 bytes; raw, or you "
-      'can use `--input-format <hex|b64|bin>`)'
-    ),
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  ciphertext = ciphertext.strip()
-  if len(ciphertext) != 32:  # noqa: PLR2004
-    raise base.InputError('hexadecimal string must be exactly 32 hex chars')
-  if not _HEX_RE.match(ciphertext):
-    raise base.InputError(f'invalid hexadecimal string: {ciphertext!r}')
-  aes_key: aes.AESKey
-  if key:
-    key_bytes: bytes = _BytesFromText(key, config.input_format)
-    if len(key_bytes) != 32:  # noqa: PLR2004
-      raise base.InputError(f'invalid AES key size: {len(key_bytes)} bytes (expected 32)')
-    aes_key = aes.AESKey(key256=key_bytes)
-  elif config.key_path is not None:
-    aes_key = _LoadObj(str(config.key_path), config.protect, aes.AESKey)
-  else:
-    raise base.InputError('provide -k/--key or -p/--key-path')
-  ecb: aes.AESKey.ECBEncoderClass = aes_key.ECBEncoder()
-  config.console.print(ecb.DecryptHex(ciphertext))
-
-
-# ================================== "RSA" COMMAND =================================================
-
-
-rsa_app = typer.Typer(
-  no_args_is_help=True,
-  help=(
-    'RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) asymmetric cryptography. '
-    'All methods require file key(s) as `-p`/`--key-path` (see provided examples). '
-    'All non-int inputs are raw, or you can use `--input-format <hex|b64|bin>`. '
-    'Attention: if you provide `-a`/`--aad` (associated data, AAD), '
-    'you will need to provide the same AAD when decrypting/verifying and it is NOT included '
-    'in the `ciphertext`/CT or `signature` returned by these methods! '
-    'No measures are taken here to prevent timing attacks.'
-  ),
-)
-app.add_typer(rsa_app, name='rsa')
-
-
-@rsa_app.command(
-  'new',
-  help=(
-    'Generate RSA private/public key pair with `bits` modulus size (prime sizes will be `bits`/2).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p rsa-key rsa new --bits 64  '
-    '# NEVER use such a small key: example only!\n\n'
-    "RSA private/public keys saved to 'rsa-key.priv/.pub'"
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RSANew(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  bits: int = typer.Option(
-    3332,
-    '-b',
-    '--bits',
-    min=16,
-    help='Modulus size in bits, ≥16; the default (3332) is a safe size',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'rsa')
-  rsa_priv: rsa.RSAPrivateKey = rsa.RSAPrivateKey.New(bits)
-  rsa_pub: rsa.RSAPublicKey = rsa.RSAPublicKey.Copy(rsa_priv)
-  _SaveObj(rsa_priv, base_path + '.priv', config.protect)
-  _SaveObj(rsa_pub, base_path + '.pub', config.protect)
-  config.console.print(f'RSA private/public keys saved to {base_path + ".priv/.pub"!r}')
-
-
-@rsa_app.command(
-  'rawencrypt',
-  help=(
-    'Raw encrypt *integer* `message` with public key (BEWARE: no OAEP/PSS padding or validation).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p rsa-key.pub rsa rawencrypt 999\n\n'
-    '6354905961171348600'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RSARawEncrypt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer message to encrypt, 1≤`message`<*modulus*'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  message_i: int = _ParseInt(message, min_value=1)
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'rsa')
-  rsa_pub: rsa.RSAPublicKey = rsa.RSAPublicKey.Copy(
-    _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, rsa.RSAPublicKey)
-  )
-  config.console.print(rsa_pub.RawEncrypt(message_i))
-
-
-@rsa_app.command(
-  'rawdecrypt',
-  help=(
-    'Raw decrypt *integer* `ciphertext` with private key '
-    '(BEWARE: no OAEP/PSS padding or validation).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p rsa-key.priv rsa rawdecrypt 6354905961171348600\n\n'
-    '999'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RSARawDecrypt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  ciphertext: str = typer.Argument(
-    ..., help='Integer ciphertext to decrypt, 1≤`ciphertext`<*modulus*'
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  ciphertext_i: int = _ParseInt(ciphertext, min_value=1)
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'rsa')
-  rsa_priv: rsa.RSAPrivateKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, rsa.RSAPrivateKey)
-  config.console.print(rsa_priv.RawDecrypt(ciphertext_i))
-
-
-@rsa_app.command(
-  'rawsign',
-  help='Raw sign *integer* `message` with private key (BEWARE: no OAEP/PSS padding or validation).',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p rsa-key.priv rsa rawsign 999\n\n'
-    '7632909108672871784'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RSARawSign(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer message to sign, 1≤`message`<*modulus*'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  message_i: int = _ParseInt(message, min_value=1)
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'rsa')
-  rsa_priv: rsa.RSAPrivateKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, rsa.RSAPrivateKey)
-  config.console.print(rsa_priv.RawSign(message_i))
-
-
-@rsa_app.command(
-  'rawverify',
-  help=(
-    'Raw verify *integer* `signature` for *integer* `message` with public key '
-    '(BEWARE: no OAEP/PSS padding or validation).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p rsa-key.pub rsa rawverify 999 7632909108672871784\n\n'
-    'RSA signature: OK\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p rsa-key.pub rsa rawverify 999 7632909108672871785\n\n'
-    'RSA signature: INVALID'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RSARawVerify(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(
-    ..., help='Integer message that was signed earlier, 1≤`message`<*modulus*'
-  ),
-  signature: str = typer.Argument(
-    ..., help='Integer putative signature for `message`, 1≤`signature`<*modulus*'
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  message_i: int = _ParseInt(message, min_value=1)
-  signature_i: int = _ParseInt(signature, min_value=1)
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'rsa')
-  rsa_pub: rsa.RSAPublicKey = rsa.RSAPublicKey.Copy(
-    _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, rsa.RSAPublicKey)
-  )
-  config.console.print(
-    'RSA signature: '
-    + ('[green]OK[/]' if rsa_pub.RawVerify(message_i, signature_i) else '[red]INVALID[/]')
-  )
-
-
-@rsa_app.command(
-  'encrypt',
-  help='Encrypt `message` with public key.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i bin -o b64 -p rsa-key.pub rsa encrypt "abcde" -a "xyz"\n\n'
-    'AO6knI6xwq6TGR…Qy22jiFhXi1eQ=='
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RSAEncrypt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  plaintext: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Message to encrypt'),
-  aad: str = typer.Option(
-    '',
-    '-a',
-    '--aad',
-    help='Associated data (optional; has to be separately sent to receiver/stored)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'rsa')
-  rsa_pub: rsa.RSAPublicKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, rsa.RSAPublicKey)
-  aad_bytes: bytes | None = _BytesFromText(aad, config.input_format) if aad else None
-  pt: bytes = _BytesFromText(plaintext, config.input_format)
-  ct: bytes = rsa_pub.Encrypt(pt, associated_data=aad_bytes)
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(ct, config.output_format))
-
-
-@rsa_app.command(
-  'decrypt',
-  help='Decrypt `ciphertext` with private key.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 -o bin -p rsa-key.priv rsa decrypt -a eHl6 -- '
-    'AO6knI6xwq6TGR…Qy22jiFhXi1eQ==\n\n'
-    'abcde'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RSADecrypt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  ciphertext: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Ciphertext to decrypt'),
-  aad: str = typer.Option(
-    '',
-    '-a',
-    '--aad',
-    help='Associated data (optional; has to be exactly the same as used during encryption)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'rsa')
-  rsa_priv: rsa.RSAPrivateKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, rsa.RSAPrivateKey)
-  aad_bytes: bytes | None = _BytesFromText(aad, config.input_format) if aad else None
-  ct: bytes = _BytesFromText(ciphertext, config.input_format)
-  pt: bytes = rsa_priv.Decrypt(ct, associated_data=aad_bytes)
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(pt, config.output_format))
-
-
-@rsa_app.command(
-  'sign',
-  help='Sign `message` with private key.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i bin -o b64 -p rsa-key.priv rsa sign "xyz"\n\n'
-    '91TS7gC6LORiL…6RD23Aejsfxlw=='  # cspell:disable-line
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RSASign(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Message to sign'),
-  aad: str = typer.Option(
-    '',
-    '-a',
-    '--aad',
-    help='Associated data (optional; has to be separately sent to receiver/stored)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'rsa')
-  rsa_priv: rsa.RSAPrivateKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, rsa.RSAPrivateKey)
-  aad_bytes: bytes | None = _BytesFromText(aad, config.input_format) if aad else None
-  pt: bytes = _BytesFromText(message, config.input_format)
-  sig: bytes = rsa_priv.Sign(pt, associated_data=aad_bytes)
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(sig, config.output_format))
-
-
-@rsa_app.command(
-  'verify',
-  help='Verify `signature` for `message` with public key.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 -p rsa-key.pub rsa verify -- eHl6 '
-    '91TS7gC6LORiL…6RD23Aejsfxlw==\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    'RSA signature: OK\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 -p rsa-key.pub rsa verify -- eLl6 '
-    '91TS7gC6LORiL…6RD23Aejsfxlw==\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    'RSA signature: INVALID'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def RSAVerify(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Message that was signed earlier'),
-  signature: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Putative signature for `message`'),
-  aad: str = typer.Option(
-    '',
-    '-a',
-    '--aad',
-    help='Associated data (optional; has to be exactly the same as used during signing)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'rsa')
-  rsa_pub: rsa.RSAPublicKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, rsa.RSAPublicKey)
-  aad_bytes: bytes | None = _BytesFromText(aad, config.input_format) if aad else None
-  pt: bytes = _BytesFromText(message, config.input_format)
-  sig: bytes = _BytesFromText(signature, config.input_format)
-  config.console.print(
-    'RSA signature: '
-    + ('[green]OK[/]' if rsa_pub.Verify(pt, sig, associated_data=aad_bytes) else '[red]INVALID[/]')
-  )
-
-
-# ================================= "ELGAMAL" COMMAND ==============================================
-
-
-eg_app = typer.Typer(
-  no_args_is_help=True,
-  help=(
-    'El-Gamal asymmetric cryptography. '
-    'All methods require file key(s) as `-p`/`--key-path` (see provided examples). '
-    'All non-int inputs are raw, or you can use `--input-format <hex|b64|bin>`. '
-    'Attention: if you provide `-a`/`--aad` (associated data, AAD), '
-    'you will need to provide the same AAD when decrypting/verifying and it is NOT included '
-    'in the `ciphertext`/CT or `signature` returned by these methods! '
-    'No measures are taken here to prevent timing attacks.'
-  ),
-)
-app.add_typer(eg_app, name='elgamal')
-
-
-@eg_app.command(
-  'shared',
-  help=(
-    'Generate a shared El-Gamal key with `bits` prime modulus size, which is the '
-    'first step in key generation. '
-    'The shared key can safely be used by any number of users to generate their '
-    'private/public key pairs (with the `new` command). The shared keys are "public".'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p eg-key elgamal shared --bits 64  '
-    '# NEVER use such a small key: example only!\n\n'
-    "El-Gamal shared key saved to 'eg-key.shared'"
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ElGamalShared(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  bits: int = typer.Option(
-    3332,
-    '-b',
-    '--bits',
-    min=16,
-    help='Prime modulus (`p`) size in bits, ≥16; the default (3332) is a safe size',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'elgamal')
-  shared_eg: elgamal.ElGamalSharedPublicKey = elgamal.ElGamalSharedPublicKey.NewShared(bits)
-  _SaveObj(shared_eg, base_path + '.shared', config.protect)
-  config.console.print(f'El-Gamal shared key saved to {base_path + ".shared"!r}')
-
-
-@eg_app.command(
-  'new',
-  help='Generate an individual El-Gamal private/public key pair from a shared key.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p eg-key elgamal new\n\n'
-    "El-Gamal private/public keys saved to 'eg-key.priv/.pub'"
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ElGamalNew(*, ctx: typer.Context) -> None:  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'elgamal')
-  shared_eg: elgamal.ElGamalSharedPublicKey = _LoadObj(
-    base_path + '.shared', config.protect, elgamal.ElGamalSharedPublicKey
-  )
-  eg_priv: elgamal.ElGamalPrivateKey = elgamal.ElGamalPrivateKey.New(shared_eg)
-  eg_pub: elgamal.ElGamalPublicKey = elgamal.ElGamalPublicKey.Copy(eg_priv)
-  _SaveObj(eg_priv, base_path + '.priv', config.protect)
-  _SaveObj(eg_pub, base_path + '.pub', config.protect)
-  config.console.print(f'El-Gamal private/public keys saved to {base_path + ".priv/.pub"!r}')
-
-
-@eg_app.command(
-  'rawencrypt',
-  help=(
-    'Raw encrypt *integer* `message` with public key '
-    '(BEWARE: no ECIES-style KEM/DEM padding or validation).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p eg-key.pub elgamal rawencrypt 999\n\n'
-    '2948854810728206041:15945988196340032688'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ElGamalRawEncrypt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer message to encrypt, 1≤`message`<*modulus*'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  message_i: int = _ParseInt(message, min_value=1)
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'elgamal')
-  eg_pub: elgamal.ElGamalPublicKey = elgamal.ElGamalPublicKey.Copy(
-    _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, elgamal.ElGamalPublicKey)
-  )
-  c1: int
-  c2: int
-  c1, c2 = eg_pub.RawEncrypt(message_i)
-  config.console.print(f'{c1}:{c2}')
-
-
-@eg_app.command(
-  'rawdecrypt',
-  help=(
-    'Raw decrypt *integer* `ciphertext` with private key '
-    '(BEWARE: no ECIES-style KEM/DEM padding or validation).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p eg-key.priv elgamal rawdecrypt '
-    '2948854810728206041:15945988196340032688\n\n'
-    '999'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ElGamalRawDecrypt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  ciphertext: str = typer.Argument(
-    ...,
-    help=(
-      'Integer ciphertext to decrypt; expects `c1:c2` format with 2 integers, `c1`,`c2`<*modulus*'
-    ),
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  ciphertext_i: tuple[int, int] = _ParseIntPairCLI(ciphertext)
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'elgamal')
-  eg_priv: elgamal.ElGamalPrivateKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, elgamal.ElGamalPrivateKey)
-  config.console.print(eg_priv.RawDecrypt(ciphertext_i))
-
-
-@eg_app.command(
-  'rawsign',
-  help=(
-    'Raw sign *integer* message with private key '
-    '(BEWARE: no ECIES-style KEM/DEM padding or validation). '
-    'Output will 2 *integers* in a `s1:s2` format.'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p eg-key.priv elgamal rawsign 999\n\n'
-    '4674885853217269088:14532144906178302633'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ElGamalRawSign(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer message to sign, 1≤`message`<*modulus*'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  message_i: int = _ParseInt(message, min_value=1)
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'elgamal')
-  eg_priv: elgamal.ElGamalPrivateKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, elgamal.ElGamalPrivateKey)
-  s1: int
-  s2: int
-  s1, s2 = eg_priv.RawSign(message_i)
-  config.console.print(f'{s1}:{s2}')
-
-
-@eg_app.command(
-  'rawverify',
-  help=(
-    'Raw verify *integer* `signature` for *integer* `message` with public key '
-    '(BEWARE: no ECIES-style KEM/DEM padding or validation).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p eg-key.pub elgamal rawverify 999 '
-    '4674885853217269088:14532144906178302633\n\n'
-    'El-Gamal signature: OK\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p eg-key.pub elgamal rawverify 999 '
-    '4674885853217269088:14532144906178302632\n\n'
-    'El-Gamal signature: INVALID'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ElGamalRawVerify(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(
-    ..., help='Integer message that was signed earlier, 1≤`message`<*modulus*'
-  ),
-  signature: str = typer.Argument(
-    ...,
-    help=(
-      'Integer putative signature for `message`; expects `s1:s2` format with 2 integers, '
-      '`s1`,`s2`<*modulus*'
-    ),
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  message_i: int = _ParseInt(message, min_value=1)
-  signature_i: tuple[int, int] = _ParseIntPairCLI(signature)
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'elgamal')
-  eg_pub: elgamal.ElGamalPublicKey = elgamal.ElGamalPublicKey.Copy(
-    _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, elgamal.ElGamalPublicKey)
-  )
-  config.console.print(
-    'El-Gamal signature: '
-    + ('[green]OK[/]' if eg_pub.RawVerify(message_i, signature_i) else '[red]INVALID[/]')
-  )
-
-
-@eg_app.command(
-  'encrypt',
-  help='Encrypt `message` with public key.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i bin -o b64 -p eg-key.pub elgamal encrypt "abcde" -a "xyz"\n\n'
-    'CdFvoQ_IIPFPZLua…kqjhcUTspISxURg=='  # cspell:disable-line
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ElGamalEncrypt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  plaintext: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Message to encrypt'),
-  aad: str = typer.Option(
-    '',
-    '-a',
-    '--aad',
-    help='Associated data (optional; has to be separately sent to receiver/stored)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'elgamal')
-  eg_pub: elgamal.ElGamalPublicKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, elgamal.ElGamalPublicKey)
-  aad_bytes: bytes | None = _BytesFromText(aad, config.input_format) if aad else None
-  pt: bytes = _BytesFromText(plaintext, config.input_format)
-  ct: bytes = eg_pub.Encrypt(pt, associated_data=aad_bytes)
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(ct, config.output_format))
-
-
-@eg_app.command(
-  'decrypt',
-  help='Decrypt `ciphertext` with private key.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 -o bin -p eg-key.priv elgamal decrypt -a eHl6 -- '
-    'CdFvoQ_IIPFPZLua…kqjhcUTspISxURg==\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    'abcde'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ElGamalDecrypt(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  ciphertext: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Ciphertext to decrypt'),
-  aad: str = typer.Option(
-    '',
-    '-a',
-    '--aad',
-    help='Associated data (optional; has to be exactly the same as used during encryption)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'elgamal')
-  eg_priv: elgamal.ElGamalPrivateKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, elgamal.ElGamalPrivateKey)
-  aad_bytes: bytes | None = _BytesFromText(aad, config.input_format) if aad else None
-  ct: bytes = _BytesFromText(ciphertext, config.input_format)
-  pt: bytes = eg_priv.Decrypt(ct, associated_data=aad_bytes)
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(pt, config.output_format))
-
-
-@eg_app.command(
-  'sign',
-  help='Sign message with private key.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i bin -o b64 -p eg-key.priv elgamal sign "xyz"\n\n'
-    'Xl4hlYK8SHVGw…0fCKJE1XVzA=='  # cspell:disable-line
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ElGamalSign(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Message to sign'),
-  aad: str = typer.Option(
-    '',
-    '-a',
-    '--aad',
-    help='Associated data (optional; has to be separately sent to receiver/stored)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'elgamal')
-  eg_priv: elgamal.ElGamalPrivateKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, elgamal.ElGamalPrivateKey)
-  aad_bytes: bytes | None = _BytesFromText(aad, config.input_format) if aad else None
-  pt: bytes = _BytesFromText(message, config.input_format)
-  sig: bytes = eg_priv.Sign(pt, associated_data=aad_bytes)
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(sig, config.output_format))
-
-
-@eg_app.command(
-  'verify',
-  help='Verify `signature` for `message` with public key.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 -p eg-key.pub elgamal verify -- eHl6 '
-    'Xl4hlYK8SHVGw…0fCKJE1XVzA==\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    'El-Gamal signature: OK\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 -p eg-key.pub elgamal verify -- eLl6 '
-    'Xl4hlYK8SHVGw…0fCKJE1XVzA==\n\n'  # cspell:disable-line
-    'El-Gamal signature: INVALID'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def ElGamalVerify(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Message that was signed earlier'),
-  signature: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Putative signature for `message`'),
-  aad: str = typer.Option(
-    '',
-    '-a',
-    '--aad',
-    help='Associated data (optional; has to be exactly the same as used during signing)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'elgamal')
-  eg_pub: elgamal.ElGamalPublicKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, elgamal.ElGamalPublicKey)
-  aad_bytes: bytes | None = _BytesFromText(aad, config.input_format) if aad else None
-  pt: bytes = _BytesFromText(message, config.input_format)
-  sig: bytes = _BytesFromText(signature, config.input_format)
-  config.console.print(
-    'El-Gamal signature: '
-    + ('[green]OK[/]' if eg_pub.Verify(pt, sig, associated_data=aad_bytes) else '[red]INVALID[/]')
-  )
-
-
-# ================================== "DSA" COMMAND =================================================
-
-
-dsa_app = typer.Typer(
-  no_args_is_help=True,
-  help=(
-    'DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm) asymmetric signing/verifying. '
-    'All methods require file key(s) as `-p`/`--key-path` (see provided examples). '
-    'All non-int inputs are raw, or you can use `--input-format <hex|b64|bin>`. '
-    'Attention: if you provide `-a`/`--aad` (associated data, AAD), '
-    'you will need to provide the same AAD when decrypting/verifying and it is NOT included '
-    'in the `signature` returned by these methods! '
-    'No measures are taken here to prevent timing attacks.'
-  ),
-)
-app.add_typer(dsa_app, name='dsa')
-
-
-@dsa_app.command(
-  'shared',
-  help=(
-    'Generate a shared DSA key with `p-bits`/`q-bits` prime modulus sizes, which is '
-    'the first step in key generation. `q-bits` should be larger than the secrets that '
-    'will be protected and `p-bits` should be much larger than `q-bits` (e.g. 4096/544). '
-    'The shared key can safely be used by any number of users to generate their '
-    'private/public key pairs (with the `new` command). The shared keys are "public".'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p dsa-key dsa shared --p-bits 128 --q-bits 32  '
-    '# NEVER use such a small key: example only!\n\n'
-    "DSA shared key saved to 'dsa-key.shared'"
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def DSAShared(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  p_bits: int = typer.Option(
-    4096,
-    '-b',
-    '--p-bits',
-    min=16,
-    help='Prime modulus (`p`) size in bits, ≥16; the default (4096) is a safe size',
-  ),
-  q_bits: int = typer.Option(
-    544,
-    '-q',
-    '--q-bits',
-    min=8,
-    help=(
-      'Prime modulus (`q`) size in bits, ≥8; the default (544) is a safe size ***IFF*** you '
-      'are protecting symmetric keys or regular hashes'
-    ),
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'dsa')
-  dsa_shared: dsa.DSASharedPublicKey = dsa.DSASharedPublicKey.NewShared(p_bits, q_bits)
-  _SaveObj(dsa_shared, base_path + '.shared', config.protect)
-  config.console.print(f'DSA shared key saved to {base_path + ".shared"!r}')
-
-
-@dsa_app.command(
-  'new',
-  help='Generate an individual DSA private/public key pair from a shared key.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p dsa-key dsa new\n\n'
-    "DSA private/public keys saved to 'dsa-key.priv/.pub'"
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def DSANew(*, ctx: typer.Context) -> None:  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'dsa')
-  dsa_shared: dsa.DSASharedPublicKey = _LoadObj(
-    base_path + '.shared', config.protect, dsa.DSASharedPublicKey
-  )
-  dsa_priv: dsa.DSAPrivateKey = dsa.DSAPrivateKey.New(dsa_shared)
-  dsa_pub: dsa.DSAPublicKey = dsa.DSAPublicKey.Copy(dsa_priv)
-  _SaveObj(dsa_priv, base_path + '.priv', config.protect)
-  _SaveObj(dsa_pub, base_path + '.pub', config.protect)
-  config.console.print(f'DSA private/public keys saved to {base_path + ".priv/.pub"!r}')
-
-
-@dsa_app.command(
-  'rawsign',
-  help=(
-    'Raw sign *integer* message with private key (BEWARE: no ECDSA/EdDSA padding or validation). '
-    'Output will 2 *integers* in a `s1:s2` format.'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p dsa-key.priv dsa rawsign 999\n\n'
-    '2395961484:3435572290'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def DSARawSign(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer message to sign, 1≤`message`<`q`'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'dsa')
-  dsa_priv: dsa.DSAPrivateKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, dsa.DSAPrivateKey)
-  message_i: int = _ParseInt(message, min_value=1)
-  m: int = message_i % dsa_priv.prime_seed
-  s1: int
-  s2: int
-  s1, s2 = dsa_priv.RawSign(m)
-  config.console.print(f'{s1}:{s2}')
-
-
-@dsa_app.command(
-  'rawverify',
-  help=(
-    'Raw verify *integer* `signature` for *integer* `message` with public key '
-    '(BEWARE: no ECDSA/EdDSA padding or validation).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p dsa-key.pub dsa rawverify 999 2395961484:3435572290\n\n'
-    'DSA signature: OK\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p dsa-key.pub dsa rawverify 999 2395961484:3435572291\n\n'
-    'DSA signature: INVALID'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def DSARawVerify(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(
-    ..., help='Integer message that was signed earlier, 1≤`message`<`q`'
-  ),
-  signature: str = typer.Argument(
-    ...,
-    help=(
-      'Integer putative signature for `message`; expects `s1:s2` format with 2 integers, '
-      '`s1`,`s2`<`q`'
-    ),
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'dsa')
-  dsa_pub: dsa.DSAPublicKey = dsa.DSAPublicKey.Copy(
-    _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, dsa.DSAPublicKey)
-  )
-  message_i: int = _ParseInt(message, min_value=1)
-  signature_i: tuple[int, int] = _ParseIntPairCLI(signature)
-  m: int = message_i % dsa_pub.prime_seed
-  config.console.print(
-    'DSA signature: ' + ('[green]OK[/]' if dsa_pub.RawVerify(m, signature_i) else '[red]INVALID[/]')
-  )
-
-
-@dsa_app.command(
-  'sign',
-  help='Sign message with private key.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i bin -o b64 -p dsa-key.priv dsa sign "xyz"\n\n'
-    'yq8InJVpViXh9…BD4par2XuA='
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def DSASign(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Message to sign'),
-  aad: str = typer.Option(
-    '',
-    '-a',
-    '--aad',
-    help='Associated data (optional; has to be separately sent to receiver/stored)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'dsa')
-  dsa_priv: dsa.DSAPrivateKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, dsa.DSAPrivateKey)
-  aad_bytes: bytes | None = _BytesFromText(aad, config.input_format) if aad else None
-  pt: bytes = _BytesFromText(message, config.input_format)
-  sig: bytes = dsa_priv.Sign(pt, associated_data=aad_bytes)
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(sig, config.output_format))
-
-
-@dsa_app.command(
-  'verify',
-  help='Verify `signature` for `message` with public key.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 -p dsa-key.pub dsa verify -- '
-    'eHl6 yq8InJVpViXh9…BD4par2XuA=\n\n'
-    'DSA signature: OK\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i b64 -p dsa-key.pub dsa verify -- '
-    'eLl6 yq8InJVpViXh9…BD4par2XuA=\n\n'
-    'DSA signature: INVALID'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def DSAVerify(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  message: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Message that was signed earlier'),
-  signature: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Putative signature for `message`'),
-  aad: str = typer.Option(
-    '',
-    '-a',
-    '--aad',
-    help='Associated data (optional; has to be exactly the same as used during signing)',
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  key_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'dsa')
-  dsa_pub: dsa.DSAPublicKey = _LoadObj(key_path, config.protect, dsa.DSAPublicKey)
-  aad_bytes: bytes | None = _BytesFromText(aad, config.input_format) if aad else None
-  pt: bytes = _BytesFromText(message, config.input_format)
-  sig: bytes = _BytesFromText(signature, config.input_format)
-  config.console.print(
-    'DSA signature: '
-    + ('[green]OK[/]' if dsa_pub.Verify(pt, sig, associated_data=aad_bytes) else '[red]INVALID[/]')
-  )
-
-
-# ================================== "BID" COMMAND =================================================
-
-
-bid_app = typer.Typer(
-  no_args_is_help=True,
-  help=(
-    'Bidding on a `secret` so that you can cryptographically convince a neutral '
-    'party that the `secret` that was committed to previously was not changed. '
-    'All methods require file key(s) as `-p`/`--key-path` (see provided examples). '
-    'All non-int inputs are raw, or you can use `--input-format <hex|b64|bin>`. '
-    'No measures are taken here to prevent timing attacks.'
-  ),
-)
-app.add_typer(bid_app, name='bid')
-
-
-@bid_app.command(
-  'new',
-  help=('Generate the bid files for `secret`.'),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i bin -p my-bid bid new "tomorrow it will rain"\n\n'
-    "Bid private/public commitments saved to 'my-bid.priv/.pub'"
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def BidNew(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  secret: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Input data to bid to, the protected "secret"'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'bid')
-  secret_bytes: bytes = _BytesFromText(secret, config.input_format)
-  bid_priv: base.PrivateBid512 = base.PrivateBid512.New(secret_bytes)
-  bid_pub: base.PublicBid512 = base.PublicBid512.Copy(bid_priv)
-  _SaveObj(bid_priv, base_path + '.priv', config.protect)
-  _SaveObj(bid_pub, base_path + '.pub', config.protect)
-  config.console.print(f'Bid private/public commitments saved to {base_path + ".priv/.pub"!r}')
-
-
-@bid_app.command(
-  'verify',
-  help=('Verify the bid files for correctness and reveal the `secret`.'),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -o bin -p my-bid bid verify\n\n'
-    'Bid commitment: OK\n\n'
-    'Bid secret:\n\n'
-    'tomorrow it will rain'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def BidVerify(*, ctx: typer.Context) -> None:  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'bid')
-  bid_priv: base.PrivateBid512 = _LoadObj(base_path + '.priv', config.protect, base.PrivateBid512)
-  bid_pub: base.PublicBid512 = _LoadObj(base_path + '.pub', config.protect, base.PublicBid512)
-  bid_pub_expect: base.PublicBid512 = base.PublicBid512.Copy(bid_priv)
-  config.console.print(
-    'Bid commitment: '
-    + (
-      '[green]OK[/]'
-      if (
-        bid_pub.VerifyBid(bid_priv.private_key, bid_priv.secret_bid) and bid_pub == bid_pub_expect
-      )
-      else '[red]INVALID[/]'
-    )
-  )
-  config.console.print('Bid secret:')
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(bid_priv.secret_bid, config.output_format))
-
-
-# ================================== "SSS" COMMAND =================================================
-
-
-sss_app = typer.Typer(
-  no_args_is_help=True,
-  help=(
-    'SSS (Shamir Shared Secret) secret sharing crypto scheme. '
-    'All methods require file key(s) as `-p`/`--key-path` (see provided examples). '
-    'All non-int inputs are raw, or you can use `--input-format <hex|b64|bin>`. '
-    'No measures are taken here to prevent timing attacks.'
-  ),
-)
-app.add_typer(sss_app, name='sss')
-
-
-@sss_app.command(
-  'new',
-  help=(
-    'Generate the private keys with `bits` prime modulus size and so that at least a '
-    '`minimum` number of shares are needed to recover the secret. '
-    'This key will be used to generate the shares later (with the `shares` command).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p sss-key sss new 3 --bits 64  '
-    '# NEVER use such a small key: example only!\n\n'
-    "SSS private/public keys saved to 'sss-key.priv/.pub'"
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def SSSNew(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  minimum: int = typer.Argument(
-    ..., min=2, help='Minimum number of shares required to recover secret, ≥ 2'
-  ),
-  bits: int = typer.Option(
-    1024,
-    '-b',
-    '--bits',
-    min=16,
-    help=(
-      'Prime modulus (`p`) size in bits, ≥16; the default (1024) is a safe size ***IFF*** you '
-      'are protecting symmetric keys; the number of bits should be comfortably larger '
-      'than the size of the secret you want to protect with this scheme'
-    ),
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'sss')
-  sss_priv: sss.ShamirSharedSecretPrivate = sss.ShamirSharedSecretPrivate.New(minimum, bits)
-  sss_pub: sss.ShamirSharedSecretPublic = sss.ShamirSharedSecretPublic.Copy(sss_priv)
-  _SaveObj(sss_priv, base_path + '.priv', config.protect)
-  _SaveObj(sss_pub, base_path + '.pub', config.protect)
-  config.console.print(f'SSS private/public keys saved to {base_path + ".priv/.pub"!r}')
-
-
-@sss_app.command(
-  'rawshares',
-  help=(
-    'Raw shares: Issue `count` private shares for an *integer* `secret` '
-    '(BEWARE: no modern message wrapping, padding or validation).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p sss-key sss rawshares 999 5\n\n'
-    "SSS 5 individual (private) shares saved to 'sss-key.share.1…5'\n\n"
-    '$ rm sss-key.share.2 sss-key.share.4  # this is to simulate only having shares 1,3,5'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def SSSRawShares(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  secret: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer secret to be protected, 1≤`secret`<*modulus*'),
-  count: int = typer.Argument(
-    ...,
-    min=1,
-    help=(
-      'How many shares to produce; must be ≥ `minimum` used in `new` command or else the '
-      '`secret` would become unrecoverable'
-    ),
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'sss')
-  sss_priv: sss.ShamirSharedSecretPrivate = _LoadObj(
-    base_path + '.priv', config.protect, sss.ShamirSharedSecretPrivate
-  )
-  if count < sss_priv.minimum:
-    raise base.InputError(
-      f'count ({count}) must be >= minimum ({sss_priv.minimum}) to allow secret recovery'
-    )
-  secret_i: int = _ParseInt(secret, min_value=1)
-  for i, share in enumerate(sss_priv.RawShares(secret_i, max_shares=count)):
-    _SaveObj(share, f'{base_path}.share.{i + 1}', config.protect)
-  config.console.print(
-    f'SSS {count} individual (private) shares saved to {base_path + ".share.1…" + str(count)!r}'
-  )
-
-
-@sss_app.command(
-  'rawrecover',
-  help=(
-    'Raw recover *integer* secret from shares; will use any available shares '
-    'that were found (BEWARE: no modern message wrapping, padding or validation).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p sss-key sss rawrecover\n\n'
-    "Loaded SSS share: 'sss-key.share.3'\n\n"
-    "Loaded SSS share: 'sss-key.share.5'\n\n"
-    "Loaded SSS share: 'sss-key.share.1'  # using only 3 shares: number 2/4 are missing\n\n"
-    'Secret:\n\n'
-    '999'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def SSSRawRecover(*, ctx: typer.Context) -> None:  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'sss')
-  sss_pub: sss.ShamirSharedSecretPublic = _LoadObj(
-    base_path + '.pub', config.protect, sss.ShamirSharedSecretPublic
-  )
-  subset: list[sss.ShamirSharePrivate] = []
-  for fname in glob.glob(base_path + '.share.*'):  # noqa: PTH207
-    subset.append(_LoadObj(fname, config.protect, sss.ShamirSharePrivate))
-    config.console.print(f'Loaded SSS share: {fname!r}')
-  config.console.print('Secret:')
-  config.console.print(sss_pub.RawRecoverSecret(subset))
-
-
-@sss_app.command(
-  'rawverify',
-  help=(
-    'Raw verify shares against a secret (private params; '
-    'BEWARE: no modern message wrapping, padding or validation).'
-  ),
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p sss-key sss rawverify 999\n\n'
-    "SSS share 'sss-key.share.3' verification: OK\n\n"
-    "SSS share 'sss-key.share.5' verification: OK\n\n"
-    "SSS share 'sss-key.share.1' verification: OK\n\n"
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -p sss-key sss rawverify 998\n\n'
-    "SSS share 'sss-key.share.3' verification: INVALID\n\n"
-    "SSS share 'sss-key.share.5' verification: INVALID\n\n"
-    "SSS share 'sss-key.share.1' verification: INVALID"
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def SSSRawVerify(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  secret: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Integer secret used to generate the shares, ≥ 1'),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'sss')
-  sss_priv: sss.ShamirSharedSecretPrivate = _LoadObj(
-    base_path + '.priv', config.protect, sss.ShamirSharedSecretPrivate
-  )
-  secret_i: int = _ParseInt(secret, min_value=1)
-  for fname in glob.glob(base_path + '.share.*'):  # noqa: PTH207
-    share: sss.ShamirSharePrivate = _LoadObj(fname, config.protect, sss.ShamirSharePrivate)
-    config.console.print(
-      f'SSS share {fname!r} verification: '
-      f'{"OK" if sss_priv.RawVerifyShare(secret_i, share) else "INVALID"}'
-    )
-
-
-@sss_app.command(
-  'shares',
-  help='Shares: Issue `count` private shares for a `secret`.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -i bin -p sss-key sss shares "abcde" 5\n\n'
-    "SSS 5 individual (private) shares saved to 'sss-key.share.1…5'\n\n"
-    '$ rm sss-key.share.2 sss-key.share.4  # this is to simulate only having shares 1,3,5'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def SSSShares(  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  *,
-  ctx: typer.Context,
-  secret: str = typer.Argument(..., help='Secret to be protected'),
-  count: int = typer.Argument(
-    ...,
-    help=(
-      'How many shares to produce; must be ≥ `minimum` used in `new` command or else the '
-      '`secret` would become unrecoverable'
-    ),
-  ),
-) -> None:
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'sss')
-  sss_priv: sss.ShamirSharedSecretPrivate = _LoadObj(
-    base_path + '.priv', config.protect, sss.ShamirSharedSecretPrivate
-  )
-  if count < sss_priv.minimum:
-    raise base.InputError(
-      f'count ({count}) must be >= minimum ({sss_priv.minimum}) to allow secret recovery'
-    )
-  pt: bytes = _BytesFromText(secret, config.input_format)
-  for i, data_share in enumerate(sss_priv.MakeDataShares(pt, count)):
-    _SaveObj(data_share, f'{base_path}.share.{i + 1}', config.protect)
-  config.console.print(
-    f'SSS {count} individual (private) shares saved to {base_path + ".share.1…" + str(count)!r}'
-  )
-
-
-@sss_app.command(
-  'recover',
-  help='Recover secret from shares; will use any available shares that were found.',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n'
-    '$ poetry run transcrypto -o bin -p sss-key sss recover\n\n'
-    "Loaded SSS share: 'sss-key.share.3'\n\n"
-    "Loaded SSS share: 'sss-key.share.5'\n\n"
-    "Loaded SSS share: 'sss-key.share.1'  # using only 3 shares: number 2/4 are missing\n\n"
-    'Secret:\n\n'
-    'abcde'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def SSSRecover(*, ctx: typer.Context) -> None:  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  base_path: str = _RequireKeyPath(config, 'sss')
-  subset: list[sss.ShamirSharePrivate] = []
-  data_share: sss.ShamirShareData | None = None
-  for fname in glob.glob(base_path + '.share.*'):  # noqa: PTH207
-    share: sss.ShamirSharePrivate = _LoadObj(fname, config.protect, sss.ShamirSharePrivate)
-    subset.append(share)
-    if isinstance(share, sss.ShamirShareData):
-      data_share = share
-    config.console.print(f'Loaded SSS share: {fname!r}')
-  if data_share is None:
-    raise base.InputError('no data share found among the available shares')
-  pt: bytes = data_share.RecoverData(subset)
-  config.console.print('Secret:')
-  config.console.print(_BytesToText(pt, config.output_format))
-
-
-# ================================ "MARKDOWN" COMMAND ==============================================
-
-
-@app.command(
-  'markdown',
-  help='Emit Markdown docs for the CLI (see README.md section "Creating a New Version").',
-  epilog=(
-    'Example:\n\n\n\n$ poetry run transcrypto markdown > transcrypto.md\n\n<<saves CLI doc>>'
-  ),
-)
-@base.CLIErrorGuard
-def Markdown(*, ctx: typer.Context) -> None:  # documentation is help/epilog/args # noqa: D103
-  config: TransConfig = ctx.obj
-  config.console.print(base.GenerateTyperHelpMarkdown(app, prog_name='transcrypto'))
+# Import CLI modules to register their commands with the app
+from transcrypto.cli import aeshash, bidsecret, intmath, publicalgos  # pyright: ignore[reportUnusedImport] # noqa: I001, E402, F401