transcrypto 1.2.0__py3-none-any.whl → 1.3.0__py3-none-any.whl

transcrypto/modmath.py

@@ -6,10 +6,15 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import concurrent.futures
 import math
+import multiprocessing
+import os
 # import pdb
 from typing import Generator, Reversible
 
+import gmpy2  # type:ignore
+
 from . import base
 
 __author__ = 'balparda@github.com'
@@ -17,28 +22,6 @@ __version__: str = base.__version__  # version comes from base!
 __version_tuple__: tuple[int, ...] = base.__version_tuple__
 
 
-_FIRST_60_PRIMES: set[int] = {
-    2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29,
-    31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71,
-    73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101, 103, 107, 109, 113,
-    127, 131, 137, 139, 149, 151, 157, 163, 167, 173,
-    179, 181, 191, 193, 197, 199, 211, 223, 227, 229,
-    233, 239, 241, 251, 257, 263, 269, 271, 277, 281,
-}
-_FIRST_60_PRIMES_SORTED: list[int] = sorted(_FIRST_60_PRIMES)
-_COMPOSITE_60: int = math.prod(_FIRST_60_PRIMES_SORTED)
-_PRIME_60: int = _FIRST_60_PRIMES_SORTED[-1]
-assert len(_FIRST_60_PRIMES) == 60 and _PRIME_60 == 281, f'should never happen: {_PRIME_60=}'
-_FIRST_49_MERSENNE: set[int] = {  # <https://oeis.org/A000043>
-    2, 3, 5, 7, 13, 17, 19, 31, 61, 89,
-    107, 127, 521, 607, 1279, 2203, 2281, 3217, 4253, 4423,
-    9689, 9941, 11213, 19937, 21701, 23209, 44497, 86243, 110503, 132049,
-    216091, 756839, 859433, 1257787, 1398269, 2976221, 3021377, 6972593, 13466917, 20996011,
-    24036583, 25964951, 30402457, 32582657, 37156667, 42643801, 43112609, 57885161, 74207281,
-}
-_FIRST_49_MERSENNE_SORTED: list[int] = sorted(_FIRST_49_MERSENNE)
-assert len(_FIRST_49_MERSENNE) == 49 and _FIRST_49_MERSENNE_SORTED[-1] == 74207281, f'should never happen: {_FIRST_49_MERSENNE_SORTED[-1]}'
-
 _MAX_PRIMALITY_SAFETY = 100  # this is an absurd number, just to have a max
 
 
@@ -176,6 +159,7 @@ def ModExp(x: int, y: int, m: int, /) -> int:
     return x
   # now both x > 1 and y > 1
   z: int = 1
+  odd: int
   while y:
     y, odd = divmod(y, 2)
     if odd:
@@ -316,7 +300,7 @@ def FermatIsPrime(n: int, /, *, safety: int = 10, witnesses: set[int] | None = N
   for w in sorted(witnesses):
     if not 2 <= w <= (n - 2):
       raise base.InputError(f'out of bounds witness: 2 ≤ {w=} ≤ {n - 2}')
-    if ModExp(w, n - 1, n) != 1:
+    if gmpy2.powmod(w, n - 1, n) != 1:  # type:ignore  # pylint:disable=no-member
       # number is proved to be composite
       return False
   # we declare the number PROBABLY a prime to the limits of this test
@@ -353,19 +337,19 @@ def _MillerRabinWitnesses(n: int, /) -> set[int]:  # pylint: disable=too-many-re
   if n < 4759123141:
     return {2, 7, 61}                        # "safety" 3, but 100% coverage
   if n < 2152302898747:
-    return set(_FIRST_60_PRIMES_SORTED[:5])   # "safety" 5, but 100% coverage
+    return set(FIRST_5K_PRIMES_SORTED[:5])   # "safety" 5, but 100% coverage
   if n < 341550071728321:
-    return set(_FIRST_60_PRIMES_SORTED[:7])   # "safety" 7, but 100% coverage
+    return set(FIRST_5K_PRIMES_SORTED[:7])   # "safety" 7, but 100% coverage
   if n < 18446744073709551616:               # 2 ** 64
-    return set(_FIRST_60_PRIMES_SORTED[:12])  # "safety" 12, but 100% coverage
+    return set(FIRST_5K_PRIMES_SORTED[:12])  # "safety" 12, but 100% coverage
   if n < 3317044064679887385961981:          # > 2 ** 81
-    return set(_FIRST_60_PRIMES_SORTED[:13])  # "safety" 13, but 100% coverage
+    return set(FIRST_5K_PRIMES_SORTED[:13])  # "safety" 13, but 100% coverage
   # here n should be greater than 2 ** 81, so safety should be 34 or less
   n_bits: int = n.bit_length()
   assert n_bits >= 82, f'should never happen: {n=} -> {n_bits=}'
   safety: int = int(math.ceil(0.375 + 1.59 / (0.000590 * n_bits))) if n_bits <= 1700 else 2
   assert 1 < safety <= 34, f'should never happen: {n=} -> {n_bits=} ; {safety=}'
-  return set(_FIRST_60_PRIMES_SORTED[:safety])
+  return set(FIRST_5K_PRIMES_SORTED[:safety])
 
 
 def _MillerRabinSR(n: int, /) -> tuple[int, int]:
@@ -427,7 +411,7 @@ def MillerRabinIsPrime(n: int, /, *, witnesses: set[int] | None = None) -> bool:
   for w in sorted(witnesses if witnesses else _MillerRabinWitnesses(n)):
     if not 2 <= w <= (n - 2):
       raise base.InputError(f'out of bounds witness: 2 ≤ {w=} ≤ {n - 2}')
-    x: int = ModExp(w, r, n)
+    x: int = int(gmpy2.powmod(w, r, n))  # type:ignore  # pylint:disable=no-member
     if x not in n_limits:
       for _ in range(s):  # s >= 1 so will execute at least once
         y = (x * x) % n
@@ -452,10 +436,11 @@ def IsPrime(n: int, /) -> bool:
   Raises:
     InputError: invalid inputs
   """
-  # is number divisible by (one of the) first 60 primes? test should eliminate 80%+ of candidates
-  if n > _PRIME_60 and base.GCD(n, _COMPOSITE_60) != 1:
-    return False
-  # do the (more expensive) Miller-Rabin primality test
+  # is number divisible by (one of the) first 500 primes? test should eliminate 90%+ of candidates
+  for r in FIRST_5K_PRIMES_SORTED:
+    if not n % r:
+      return n == r  # allow n itself being small prime
+  # do the (much much more expensive) Miller-Rabin primality test
   return MillerRabinIsPrime(n)
 
 
@@ -486,18 +471,24 @@ def PrimeGenerator(start: int, /) -> Generator[int, None, None]:
       yield n  # found a prime
 
 
-def NBitRandomPrime(n_bits: int, /) -> int:
+def NBitRandomPrimes(n_bits: int, /, *, serial: bool = True, n_primes: int = 1) -> set[int]:
   """Generates a random prime with (guaranteed) `n_bits` size (i.e., first bit == 1).
 
   The fact that the first bit will be 1 means the entropy is ~ (n_bits-1) and
   because of this we only allow for a byte or more prime bits generated. This drawback
   is negligible for the large primes a crypto library will work with, in practice.
 
+  Method will decide if executes on one thread or many.
+
   Args:
     n_bits (int): Number of guaranteed bits in prime representation, n ≥ 8
+    serial (bool, optional): True (default) will force one thread; False will allow parallelism;
+       we have temporarily disabled parallelism with a default of True because it is not making
+       things faster...
+    n_primes (int, optional): Number of required primes in the return set[int], default is 1
 
   Returns:
-    random prime with `n_bits` bits
+    set[int]: `n_primes` random primes with `n_bits` bits
 
   Raises:
     InputError: invalid inputs
@@ -505,11 +496,59 @@ def NBitRandomPrime(n_bits: int, /) -> int:
   # test inputs
   if n_bits < 8:
     raise base.InputError(f'invalid n: {n_bits=}')
-  # get a random number with guaranteed bit size
-  prime: int = 0
-  while prime.bit_length() != n_bits:
-    prime = next(PrimeGenerator(base.RandBits(n_bits)))
-  return prime
+  n_primes = 1 if n_primes < 1 else n_primes
+  # get number of CPUs and decide if we do parallel or not
+  n_workers: int = min(4, os.cpu_count() or 1)
+  pr_set: set[int] = set()
+  pr: int | None = None
+  if serial or n_workers <= 1 or n_bits < 200:
+    # do one worker
+    while len(pr_set) < n_primes:
+      while pr is None or pr.bit_length() != n_bits:
+        pr = _PrimeSearchShard(n_bits)
+      pr_set.add(pr)
+      pr = None
+    return pr_set
+  # parallel: keep a small pool of bounded shards; stop on first hit
+  multiprocessing.set_start_method('fork', force=True)
+  with concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=n_workers) as pool:
+    workers: set[concurrent.futures.Future[int | None]] = {
+        pool.submit(_PrimeSearchShard, n_bits) for _ in range(n_workers)}
+    while workers:
+      done: set[concurrent.futures.Future[int | None]] = concurrent.futures.wait(
+          workers, return_when=concurrent.futures.FIRST_COMPLETED)[0]
+      for worker in done:
+        workers.remove(worker)
+        pr = worker.result()
+        if pr is not None and pr.bit_length() == n_bits:
+          pr_set.add(pr)
+          pr = None
+          if len(pr_set) >= n_primes:
+            return pr_set
+        # no hit in that shard: keep the pool full with a fresh shard
+        workers.add(pool.submit(_PrimeSearchShard, n_bits))
+  # can never reach this point, but leave this here; remove line from coverage
+  raise base.Error(f'could not find prime with {n_bits=} bits')  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+def _PrimeSearchShard(n_bits: int) -> int | None:
+  """Search for a `n_bits` random prime, starting from a random point, for ~6× expected prime gap.
+
+  Args:
+    n_bits (int): Number of guaranteed bits in prime representation
+
+  Returns:
+    int | None: either the prime int or None if no prime found in this shard
+  """
+  shard_len: int = max(2000, 6 * int(0.693 * n_bits))  # ~6× expected prime gap ~2^k (≈ 0.693*k)
+  pr: int = base.RandBits(n_bits) | 1  # random position; make ODD
+  count: int = 0
+  while count < shard_len and pr.bit_length() == n_bits:
+    if IsPrime(pr):
+      return pr
+    count += 1
+    pr += 2
+  return None
 
 
 def MersennePrimesGenerator(start: int, /) -> Generator[tuple[int, int, int], None, None]:
@@ -533,3 +572,411 @@ def MersennePrimesGenerator(start: int, /) -> Generator[tuple[int, int, int], No
     mersenne: int = 2 ** n - 1
     if IsPrime(mersenne):
       yield (n, mersenne, (2 ** (n - 1)) * mersenne)  # found: also yield perfect number
+
+
+FIRST_49_MERSENNE_SORTED: list[int] = [  # <https://oeis.org/A000043>
+    2, 3, 5, 7, 13, 17, 19, 31, 61, 89,
+    107, 127, 521, 607, 1279, 2203, 2281, 3217, 4253, 4423,
+    9689, 9941, 11213, 19937, 21701, 23209, 44497, 86243, 110503, 132049,
+    216091, 756839, 859433, 1257787, 1398269, 2976221, 3021377, 6972593, 13466917, 20996011,
+    24036583, 25964951, 30402457, 32582657, 37156667, 42643801, 43112609, 57885161, 74207281,
+]
+
+FIRST_49_MERSENNE: set[int] = set(FIRST_49_MERSENNE_SORTED)
+assert len(FIRST_49_MERSENNE_SORTED) == len(FIRST_49_MERSENNE) == 49, 'should never happen: constant'
+assert FIRST_49_MERSENNE_SORTED[0] == min(FIRST_49_MERSENNE) == 2, 'should never happen: constant'
+assert FIRST_49_MERSENNE_SORTED[-1] == max(FIRST_49_MERSENNE) == 74207281, 'should never happen: constant'
+
+
+FIRST_5K_PRIMES_SORTED: list[int] = [  # https://oeis.org/A000040/b000040.txt
+    2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41,
+    43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101,
+    103, 107, 109, 113, 127, 131, 137, 139, 149, 151, 157, 163, 167,
+    173, 179, 181, 191, 193, 197, 199, 211, 223, 227, 229, 233, 239,
+    241, 251, 257, 263, 269, 271, 277, 281, 283, 293, 307, 311, 313,
+    317, 331, 337, 347, 349, 353, 359, 367, 373, 379, 383, 389, 397,
+    401, 409, 419, 421, 431, 433, 439, 443, 449, 457, 461, 463, 467,
+    479, 487, 491, 499, 503, 509, 521, 523, 541, 547, 557, 563, 569,
+    571, 577, 587, 593, 599, 601, 607, 613, 617, 619, 631, 641, 643,
+    647, 653, 659, 661, 673, 677, 683, 691, 701, 709, 719, 727, 733,
+    739, 743, 751, 757, 761, 769, 773, 787, 797, 809, 811, 821, 823,
+    827, 829, 839, 853, 857, 859, 863, 877, 881, 883, 887, 907, 911,
+    919, 929, 937, 941, 947, 953, 967, 971, 977, 983, 991, 997, 1009,
+    1013, 1019, 1021, 1031, 1033, 1039, 1049, 1051, 1061, 1063, 1069, 1087, 1091,
+    1093, 1097, 1103, 1109, 1117, 1123, 1129, 1151, 1153, 1163, 1171, 1181, 1187,
+    1193, 1201, 1213, 1217, 1223, 1229, 1231, 1237, 1249, 1259, 1277, 1279, 1283,
+    1289, 1291, 1297, 1301, 1303, 1307, 1319, 1321, 1327, 1361, 1367, 1373, 1381,
+    1399, 1409, 1423, 1427, 1429, 1433, 1439, 1447, 1451, 1453, 1459, 1471, 1481,
+    1483, 1487, 1489, 1493, 1499, 1511, 1523, 1531, 1543, 1549, 1553, 1559, 1567,
+    1571, 1579, 1583, 1597, 1601, 1607, 1609, 1613, 1619, 1621, 1627, 1637, 1657,
+    1663, 1667, 1669, 1693, 1697, 1699, 1709, 1721, 1723, 1733, 1741, 1747, 1753,
+    1759, 1777, 1783, 1787, 1789, 1801, 1811, 1823, 1831, 1847, 1861, 1867, 1871,
+    1873, 1877, 1879, 1889, 1901, 1907, 1913, 1931, 1933, 1949, 1951, 1973, 1979,
+    1987, 1993, 1997, 1999, 2003, 2011, 2017, 2027, 2029, 2039, 2053, 2063, 2069,
+    2081, 2083, 2087, 2089, 2099, 2111, 2113, 2129, 2131, 2137, 2141, 2143, 2153,
+    2161, 2179, 2203, 2207, 2213, 2221, 2237, 2239, 2243, 2251, 2267, 2269, 2273,
+    2281, 2287, 2293, 2297, 2309, 2311, 2333, 2339, 2341, 2347, 2351, 2357, 2371,
+    2377, 2381, 2383, 2389, 2393, 2399, 2411, 2417, 2423, 2437, 2441, 2447, 2459,
+    2467, 2473, 2477, 2503, 2521, 2531, 2539, 2543, 2549, 2551, 2557, 2579, 2591,
+    2593, 2609, 2617, 2621, 2633, 2647, 2657, 2659, 2663, 2671, 2677, 2683, 2687,
+    2689, 2693, 2699, 2707, 2711, 2713, 2719, 2729, 2731, 2741, 2749, 2753, 2767,
+    2777, 2789, 2791, 2797, 2801, 2803, 2819, 2833, 2837, 2843, 2851, 2857, 2861,
+    2879, 2887, 2897, 2903, 2909, 2917, 2927, 2939, 2953, 2957, 2963, 2969, 2971,
+    2999, 3001, 3011, 3019, 3023, 3037, 3041, 3049, 3061, 3067, 3079, 3083, 3089,
+    3109, 3119, 3121, 3137, 3163, 3167, 3169, 3181, 3187, 3191, 3203, 3209, 3217,
+    3221, 3229, 3251, 3253, 3257, 3259, 3271, 3299, 3301, 3307, 3313, 3319, 3323,
+    3329, 3331, 3343, 3347, 3359, 3361, 3371, 3373, 3389, 3391, 3407, 3413, 3433,
+    3449, 3457, 3461, 3463, 3467, 3469, 3491, 3499, 3511, 3517, 3527, 3529, 3533,
+    3539, 3541, 3547, 3557, 3559, 3571, 3581, 3583, 3593, 3607, 3613, 3617, 3623,
+    3631, 3637, 3643, 3659, 3671, 3673, 3677, 3691, 3697, 3701, 3709, 3719, 3727,
+    3733, 3739, 3761, 3767, 3769, 3779, 3793, 3797, 3803, 3821, 3823, 3833, 3847,
+    3851, 3853, 3863, 3877, 3881, 3889, 3907, 3911, 3917, 3919, 3923, 3929, 3931,
+    3943, 3947, 3967, 3989, 4001, 4003, 4007, 4013, 4019, 4021, 4027, 4049, 4051,
+    4057, 4073, 4079, 4091, 4093, 4099, 4111, 4127, 4129, 4133, 4139, 4153, 4157,
+    4159, 4177, 4201, 4211, 4217, 4219, 4229, 4231, 4241, 4243, 4253, 4259, 4261,
+    4271, 4273, 4283, 4289, 4297, 4327, 4337, 4339, 4349, 4357, 4363, 4373, 4391,
+    4397, 4409, 4421, 4423, 4441, 4447, 4451, 4457, 4463, 4481, 4483, 4493, 4507,
+    4513, 4517, 4519, 4523, 4547, 4549, 4561, 4567, 4583, 4591, 4597, 4603, 4621,
+    4637, 4639, 4643, 4649, 4651, 4657, 4663, 4673, 4679, 4691, 4703, 4721, 4723,
+    4729, 4733, 4751, 4759, 4783, 4787, 4789, 4793, 4799, 4801, 4813, 4817, 4831,
+    4861, 4871, 4877, 4889, 4903, 4909, 4919, 4931, 4933, 4937, 4943, 4951, 4957,
+    4967, 4969, 4973, 4987, 4993, 4999, 5003, 5009, 5011, 5021, 5023, 5039, 5051,
+    5059, 5077, 5081, 5087, 5099, 5101, 5107, 5113, 5119, 5147, 5153, 5167, 5171,
+    5179, 5189, 5197, 5209, 5227, 5231, 5233, 5237, 5261, 5273, 5279, 5281, 5297,
+    5303, 5309, 5323, 5333, 5347, 5351, 5381, 5387, 5393, 5399, 5407, 5413, 5417,
+    5419, 5431, 5437, 5441, 5443, 5449, 5471, 5477, 5479, 5483, 5501, 5503, 5507,
+    5519, 5521, 5527, 5531, 5557, 5563, 5569, 5573, 5581, 5591, 5623, 5639, 5641,
+    5647, 5651, 5653, 5657, 5659, 5669, 5683, 5689, 5693, 5701, 5711, 5717, 5737,
+    5741, 5743, 5749, 5779, 5783, 5791, 5801, 5807, 5813, 5821, 5827, 5839, 5843,
+    5849, 5851, 5857, 5861, 5867, 5869, 5879, 5881, 5897, 5903, 5923, 5927, 5939,
+    5953, 5981, 5987, 6007, 6011, 6029, 6037, 6043, 6047, 6053, 6067, 6073, 6079,
+    6089, 6091, 6101, 6113, 6121, 6131, 6133, 6143, 6151, 6163, 6173, 6197, 6199,
+    6203, 6211, 6217, 6221, 6229, 6247, 6257, 6263, 6269, 6271, 6277, 6287, 6299,
+    6301, 6311, 6317, 6323, 6329, 6337, 6343, 6353, 6359, 6361, 6367, 6373, 6379,
+    6389, 6397, 6421, 6427, 6449, 6451, 6469, 6473, 6481, 6491, 6521, 6529, 6547,
+    6551, 6553, 6563, 6569, 6571, 6577, 6581, 6599, 6607, 6619, 6637, 6653, 6659,
+    6661, 6673, 6679, 6689, 6691, 6701, 6703, 6709, 6719, 6733, 6737, 6761, 6763,
+    6779, 6781, 6791, 6793, 6803, 6823, 6827, 6829, 6833, 6841, 6857, 6863, 6869,
+    6871, 6883, 6899, 6907, 6911, 6917, 6947, 6949, 6959, 6961, 6967, 6971, 6977,
+    6983, 6991, 6997, 7001, 7013, 7019, 7027, 7039, 7043, 7057, 7069, 7079, 7103,
+    7109, 7121, 7127, 7129, 7151, 7159, 7177, 7187, 7193, 7207, 7211, 7213, 7219,
+    7229, 7237, 7243, 7247, 7253, 7283, 7297, 7307, 7309, 7321, 7331, 7333, 7349,
+    7351, 7369, 7393, 7411, 7417, 7433, 7451, 7457, 7459, 7477, 7481, 7487, 7489,
+    7499, 7507, 7517, 7523, 7529, 7537, 7541, 7547, 7549, 7559, 7561, 7573, 7577,
+    7583, 7589, 7591, 7603, 7607, 7621, 7639, 7643, 7649, 7669, 7673, 7681, 7687,
+    7691, 7699, 7703, 7717, 7723, 7727, 7741, 7753, 7757, 7759, 7789, 7793, 7817,
+    7823, 7829, 7841, 7853, 7867, 7873, 7877, 7879, 7883, 7901, 7907, 7919, 7927,
+    7933, 7937, 7949, 7951, 7963, 7993, 8009, 8011, 8017, 8039, 8053, 8059, 8069,
+    8081, 8087, 8089, 8093, 8101, 8111, 8117, 8123, 8147, 8161, 8167, 8171, 8179,
+    8191, 8209, 8219, 8221, 8231, 8233, 8237, 8243, 8263, 8269, 8273, 8287, 8291,
+    8293, 8297, 8311, 8317, 8329, 8353, 8363, 8369, 8377, 8387, 8389, 8419, 8423,
+    8429, 8431, 8443, 8447, 8461, 8467, 8501, 8513, 8521, 8527, 8537, 8539, 8543,
+    8563, 8573, 8581, 8597, 8599, 8609, 8623, 8627, 8629, 8641, 8647, 8663, 8669,
+    8677, 8681, 8689, 8693, 8699, 8707, 8713, 8719, 8731, 8737, 8741, 8747, 8753,
+    8761, 8779, 8783, 8803, 8807, 8819, 8821, 8831, 8837, 8839, 8849, 8861, 8863,
+    8867, 8887, 8893, 8923, 8929, 8933, 8941, 8951, 8963, 8969, 8971, 8999, 9001,
+    9007, 9011, 9013, 9029, 9041, 9043, 9049, 9059, 9067, 9091, 9103, 9109, 9127,
+    9133, 9137, 9151, 9157, 9161, 9173, 9181, 9187, 9199, 9203, 9209, 9221, 9227,
+    9239, 9241, 9257, 9277, 9281, 9283, 9293, 9311, 9319, 9323, 9337, 9341, 9343,
+    9349, 9371, 9377, 9391, 9397, 9403, 9413, 9419, 9421, 9431, 9433, 9437, 9439,
+    9461, 9463, 9467, 9473, 9479, 9491, 9497, 9511, 9521, 9533, 9539, 9547, 9551,
+    9587, 9601, 9613, 9619, 9623, 9629, 9631, 9643, 9649, 9661, 9677, 9679, 9689,
+    9697, 9719, 9721, 9733, 9739, 9743, 9749, 9767, 9769, 9781, 9787, 9791, 9803,
+    9811, 9817, 9829, 9833, 9839, 9851, 9857, 9859, 9871, 9883, 9887, 9901, 9907,
+    9923, 9929, 9931, 9941, 9949, 9967, 9973, 10007, 10009, 10037, 10039, 10061, 10067,
+    10069, 10079, 10091, 10093, 10099, 10103, 10111, 10133, 10139, 10141, 10151, 10159, 10163,
+    10169, 10177, 10181, 10193, 10211, 10223, 10243, 10247, 10253, 10259, 10267, 10271, 10273,
+    10289, 10301, 10303, 10313, 10321, 10331, 10333, 10337, 10343, 10357, 10369, 10391, 10399,
+    10427, 10429, 10433, 10453, 10457, 10459, 10463, 10477, 10487, 10499, 10501, 10513, 10529,
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+    34693, 34703, 34721, 34729, 34739, 34747, 34757, 34759, 34763, 34781, 34807, 34819, 34841,
+    34843, 34847, 34849, 34871, 34877, 34883, 34897, 34913, 34919, 34939, 34949, 34961, 34963,
+    34981, 35023, 35027, 35051, 35053, 35059, 35069, 35081, 35083, 35089, 35099, 35107, 35111,
+    35117, 35129, 35141, 35149, 35153, 35159, 35171, 35201, 35221, 35227, 35251, 35257, 35267,
+    35279, 35281, 35291, 35311, 35317, 35323, 35327, 35339, 35353, 35363, 35381, 35393, 35401,
+    35407, 35419, 35423, 35437, 35447, 35449, 35461, 35491, 35507, 35509, 35521, 35527, 35531,
+    35533, 35537, 35543, 35569, 35573, 35591, 35593, 35597, 35603, 35617, 35671, 35677, 35729,
+    35731, 35747, 35753, 35759, 35771, 35797, 35801, 35803, 35809, 35831, 35837, 35839, 35851,
+    35863, 35869, 35879, 35897, 35899, 35911, 35923, 35933, 35951, 35963, 35969, 35977, 35983,
+    35993, 35999, 36007, 36011, 36013, 36017, 36037, 36061, 36067, 36073, 36083, 36097, 36107,
+    36109, 36131, 36137, 36151, 36161, 36187, 36191, 36209, 36217, 36229, 36241, 36251, 36263,
+    36269, 36277, 36293, 36299, 36307, 36313, 36319, 36341, 36343, 36353, 36373, 36383, 36389,
+    36433, 36451, 36457, 36467, 36469, 36473, 36479, 36493, 36497, 36523, 36527, 36529, 36541,
+    36551, 36559, 36563, 36571, 36583, 36587, 36599, 36607, 36629, 36637, 36643, 36653, 36671,
+    36677, 36683, 36691, 36697, 36709, 36713, 36721, 36739, 36749, 36761, 36767, 36779, 36781,
+    36787, 36791, 36793, 36809, 36821, 36833, 36847, 36857, 36871, 36877, 36887, 36899, 36901,
+    36913, 36919, 36923, 36929, 36931, 36943, 36947, 36973, 36979, 36997, 37003, 37013, 37019,
+    37021, 37039, 37049, 37057, 37061, 37087, 37097, 37117, 37123, 37139, 37159, 37171, 37181,
+    37189, 37199, 37201, 37217, 37223, 37243, 37253, 37273, 37277, 37307, 37309, 37313, 37321,
+    37337, 37339, 37357, 37361, 37363, 37369, 37379, 37397, 37409, 37423, 37441, 37447, 37463,
+    37483, 37489, 37493, 37501, 37507, 37511, 37517, 37529, 37537, 37547, 37549, 37561, 37567,
+    37571, 37573, 37579, 37589, 37591, 37607, 37619, 37633, 37643, 37649, 37657, 37663, 37691,
+    37693, 37699, 37717, 37747, 37781, 37783, 37799, 37811, 37813, 37831, 37847, 37853, 37861,
+    37871, 37879, 37889, 37897, 37907, 37951, 37957, 37963, 37967, 37987, 37991, 37993, 37997,
+    38011, 38039, 38047, 38053, 38069, 38083, 38113, 38119, 38149, 38153, 38167, 38177, 38183,
+    38189, 38197, 38201, 38219, 38231, 38237, 38239, 38261, 38273, 38281, 38287, 38299, 38303,
+    38317, 38321, 38327, 38329, 38333, 38351, 38371, 38377, 38393, 38431, 38447, 38449, 38453,
+    38459, 38461, 38501, 38543, 38557, 38561, 38567, 38569, 38593, 38603, 38609, 38611, 38629,
+    38639, 38651, 38653, 38669, 38671, 38677, 38693, 38699, 38707, 38711, 38713, 38723, 38729,
+    38737, 38747, 38749, 38767, 38783, 38791, 38803, 38821, 38833, 38839, 38851, 38861, 38867,
+    38873, 38891, 38903, 38917, 38921, 38923, 38933, 38953, 38959, 38971, 38977, 38993, 39019,
+    39023, 39041, 39043, 39047, 39079, 39089, 39097, 39103, 39107, 39113, 39119, 39133, 39139,
+    39157, 39161, 39163, 39181, 39191, 39199, 39209, 39217, 39227, 39229, 39233, 39239, 39241,
+    39251, 39293, 39301, 39313, 39317, 39323, 39341, 39343, 39359, 39367, 39371, 39373, 39383,
+    39397, 39409, 39419, 39439, 39443, 39451, 39461, 39499, 39503, 39509, 39511, 39521, 39541,
+    39551, 39563, 39569, 39581, 39607, 39619, 39623, 39631, 39659, 39667, 39671, 39679, 39703,
+    39709, 39719, 39727, 39733, 39749, 39761, 39769, 39779, 39791, 39799, 39821, 39827, 39829,
+    39839, 39841, 39847, 39857, 39863, 39869, 39877, 39883, 39887, 39901, 39929, 39937, 39953,
+    39971, 39979, 39983, 39989, 40009, 40013, 40031, 40037, 40039, 40063, 40087, 40093, 40099,
+    40111, 40123, 40127, 40129, 40151, 40153, 40163, 40169, 40177, 40189, 40193, 40213, 40231,
+    40237, 40241, 40253, 40277, 40283, 40289, 40343, 40351, 40357, 40361, 40387, 40423, 40427,
+    40429, 40433, 40459, 40471, 40483, 40487, 40493, 40499, 40507, 40519, 40529, 40531, 40543,
+    40559, 40577, 40583, 40591, 40597, 40609, 40627, 40637, 40639, 40693, 40697, 40699, 40709,
+    40739, 40751, 40759, 40763, 40771, 40787, 40801, 40813, 40819, 40823, 40829, 40841, 40847,
+    40849, 40853, 40867, 40879, 40883, 40897, 40903, 40927, 40933, 40939, 40949, 40961, 40973,
+    40993, 41011, 41017, 41023, 41039, 41047, 41051, 41057, 41077, 41081, 41113, 41117, 41131,
+    41141, 41143, 41149, 41161, 41177, 41179, 41183, 41189, 41201, 41203, 41213, 41221, 41227,
+    41231, 41233, 41243, 41257, 41263, 41269, 41281, 41299, 41333, 41341, 41351, 41357, 41381,
+    41387, 41389, 41399, 41411, 41413, 41443, 41453, 41467, 41479, 41491, 41507, 41513, 41519,
+    41521, 41539, 41543, 41549, 41579, 41593, 41597, 41603, 41609, 41611, 41617, 41621, 41627,
+    41641, 41647, 41651, 41659, 41669, 41681, 41687, 41719, 41729, 41737, 41759, 41761, 41771,
+    41777, 41801, 41809, 41813, 41843, 41849, 41851, 41863, 41879, 41887, 41893, 41897, 41903,
+    41911, 41927, 41941, 41947, 41953, 41957, 41959, 41969, 41981, 41983, 41999, 42013, 42017,
+    42019, 42023, 42043, 42061, 42071, 42073, 42083, 42089, 42101, 42131, 42139, 42157, 42169,
+    42179, 42181, 42187, 42193, 42197, 42209, 42221, 42223, 42227, 42239, 42257, 42281, 42283,
+    42293, 42299, 42307, 42323, 42331, 42337, 42349, 42359, 42373, 42379, 42391, 42397, 42403,
+    42407, 42409, 42433, 42437, 42443, 42451, 42457, 42461, 42463, 42467, 42473, 42487, 42491,
+    42499, 42509, 42533, 42557, 42569, 42571, 42577, 42589, 42611, 42641, 42643, 42649, 42667,
+    42677, 42683, 42689, 42697, 42701, 42703, 42709, 42719, 42727, 42737, 42743, 42751, 42767,
+    42773, 42787, 42793, 42797, 42821, 42829, 42839, 42841, 42853, 42859, 42863, 42899, 42901,
+    42923, 42929, 42937, 42943, 42953, 42961, 42967, 42979, 42989, 43003, 43013, 43019, 43037,
+    43049, 43051, 43063, 43067, 43093, 43103, 43117, 43133, 43151, 43159, 43177, 43189, 43201,
+    43207, 43223, 43237, 43261, 43271, 43283, 43291, 43313, 43319, 43321, 43331, 43391, 43397,
+    43399, 43403, 43411, 43427, 43441, 43451, 43457, 43481, 43487, 43499, 43517, 43541, 43543,
+    43573, 43577, 43579, 43591, 43597, 43607, 43609, 43613, 43627, 43633, 43649, 43651, 43661,
+    43669, 43691, 43711, 43717, 43721, 43753, 43759, 43777, 43781, 43783, 43787, 43789, 43793,
+    43801, 43853, 43867, 43889, 43891, 43913, 43933, 43943, 43951, 43961, 43963, 43969, 43973,
+    43987, 43991, 43997, 44017, 44021, 44027, 44029, 44041, 44053, 44059, 44071, 44087, 44089,
+    44101, 44111, 44119, 44123, 44129, 44131, 44159, 44171, 44179, 44189, 44201, 44203, 44207,
+    44221, 44249, 44257, 44263, 44267, 44269, 44273, 44279, 44281, 44293, 44351, 44357, 44371,
+    44381, 44383, 44389, 44417, 44449, 44453, 44483, 44491, 44497, 44501, 44507, 44519, 44531,
+    44533, 44537, 44543, 44549, 44563, 44579, 44587, 44617, 44621, 44623, 44633, 44641, 44647,
+    44651, 44657, 44683, 44687, 44699, 44701, 44711, 44729, 44741, 44753, 44771, 44773, 44777,
+    44789, 44797, 44809, 44819, 44839, 44843, 44851, 44867, 44879, 44887, 44893, 44909, 44917,
+    44927, 44939, 44953, 44959, 44963, 44971, 44983, 44987, 45007, 45013, 45053, 45061, 45077,
+    45083, 45119, 45121, 45127, 45131, 45137, 45139, 45161, 45179, 45181, 45191, 45197, 45233,
+    45247, 45259, 45263, 45281, 45289, 45293, 45307, 45317, 45319, 45329, 45337, 45341, 45343,
+    45361, 45377, 45389, 45403, 45413, 45427, 45433, 45439, 45481, 45491, 45497, 45503, 45523,
+    45533, 45541, 45553, 45557, 45569, 45587, 45589, 45599, 45613, 45631, 45641, 45659, 45667,
+    45673, 45677, 45691, 45697, 45707, 45737, 45751, 45757, 45763, 45767, 45779, 45817, 45821,
+    45823, 45827, 45833, 45841, 45853, 45863, 45869, 45887, 45893, 45943, 45949, 45953, 45959,
+    45971, 45979, 45989, 46021, 46027, 46049, 46051, 46061, 46073, 46091, 46093, 46099, 46103,
+    46133, 46141, 46147, 46153, 46171, 46181, 46183, 46187, 46199, 46219, 46229, 46237, 46261,
+    46271, 46273, 46279, 46301, 46307, 46309, 46327, 46337, 46349, 46351, 46381, 46399, 46411,
+    46439, 46441, 46447, 46451, 46457, 46471, 46477, 46489, 46499, 46507, 46511, 46523, 46549,
+    46559, 46567, 46573, 46589, 46591, 46601, 46619, 46633, 46639, 46643, 46649, 46663, 46679,
+    46681, 46687, 46691, 46703, 46723, 46727, 46747, 46751, 46757, 46769, 46771, 46807, 46811,
+    46817, 46819, 46829, 46831, 46853, 46861, 46867, 46877, 46889, 46901, 46919, 46933, 46957,
+    46993, 46997, 47017, 47041, 47051, 47057, 47059, 47087, 47093, 47111, 47119, 47123, 47129,
+    47137, 47143, 47147, 47149, 47161, 47189, 47207, 47221, 47237, 47251, 47269, 47279, 47287,
+    47293, 47297, 47303, 47309, 47317, 47339, 47351, 47353, 47363, 47381, 47387, 47389, 47407,
+    47417, 47419, 47431, 47441, 47459, 47491, 47497, 47501, 47507, 47513, 47521, 47527, 47533,
+    47543, 47563, 47569, 47581, 47591, 47599, 47609, 47623, 47629, 47639, 47653, 47657, 47659,
+    47681, 47699, 47701, 47711, 47713, 47717, 47737, 47741, 47743, 47777, 47779, 47791, 47797,
+    47807, 47809, 47819, 47837, 47843, 47857, 47869, 47881, 47903, 47911, 47917, 47933, 47939,
+    47947, 47951, 47963, 47969, 47977, 47981, 48017, 48023, 48029, 48049, 48073, 48079, 48091,
+    48109, 48119, 48121, 48131, 48157, 48163, 48179, 48187, 48193, 48197, 48221, 48239, 48247,
+    48259, 48271, 48281, 48299, 48311, 48313, 48337, 48341, 48353, 48371, 48383, 48397, 48407,
+    48409, 48413, 48437, 48449, 48463, 48473, 48479, 48481, 48487, 48491, 48497, 48523, 48527,
+    48533, 48539, 48541, 48563, 48571, 48589, 48593, 48611
+]
+
+FIRST_5K_PRIMES: set[int] = set(FIRST_5K_PRIMES_SORTED)
+assert len(FIRST_5K_PRIMES_SORTED) == len(FIRST_5K_PRIMES) == 5000, 'should never happen: constant'
+assert FIRST_5K_PRIMES_SORTED[0] == min(FIRST_5K_PRIMES) == 2, 'should never happen: constant'
+assert FIRST_5K_PRIMES_SORTED[-1] == max(FIRST_5K_PRIMES) == 48611, 'should never happen: constant'