streamlit-nightly 1.45.1.dev20250511__py3-none-any.whl → 1.45.2.dev20250513__py3-none-any.whl

streamlit/elements/lib/built_in_chart_utils.py

@@ -861,17 +861,14 @@ def _get_x_encoding(
         # Only show a label in the x axis if the user passed a column explicitly. We
         # could go either way here, but I'm keeping this to avoid breaking the existing
         # behavior.
-        if x_from_user is None:
-            x_title = ""
-        else:
-            x_title = x_column
+        x_title = "" if x_from_user is None else x_column
 
     # User specified x-axis label takes precedence
     if x_axis_label is not None:
         x_title = x_axis_label
 
     # grid lines on x axis for horizontal bar charts only
-    grid = True if chart_type == ChartType.HORIZONTAL_BAR else False
+    grid = chart_type == ChartType.HORIZONTAL_BAR
 
     return alt.X(
         x_field,
@@ -909,17 +906,14 @@ def _get_y_encoding(
         # Only show a label in the y axis if the user passed a column explicitly. We
         # could go either way here, but I'm keeping this to avoid breaking the existing
         # behavior.
-        if y_from_user is None:
-            y_title = ""
-        else:
-            y_title = y_column
+        y_title = "" if y_from_user is None else y_column
 
     # User specified y-axis label takes precedence
     if y_axis_label is not None:
         y_title = y_axis_label
 
     # grid lines on y axis for all charts except horizontal bar charts
-    grid = False if chart_type == ChartType.HORIZONTAL_BAR else True
+    grid = chart_type != ChartType.HORIZONTAL_BAR
 
     return alt.Y(
         field=y_field,
@@ -960,7 +954,9 @@ def _get_color_encoding(
         # If the color value is color-like, return that.
         if is_color_like(cast("Any", color_value)):
             if len(y_column_list) != 1:
-                raise StreamlitColorLengthError([color_value], y_column_list)
+                raise StreamlitColorLengthError(
+                    [color_value] if color_value else [], y_column_list
+                )
 
             return alt.ColorValue(to_css_color(cast("Any", color_value)))
 
@@ -981,15 +977,16 @@ def _get_color_encoding(
                 title=" ",
             )
 
-        raise StreamlitInvalidColorError(df, color_from_user)
+        raise StreamlitInvalidColorError(color_from_user)
 
     if color_column is not None:
         column_type: VegaLiteType
 
-        if color_column == _MELTED_COLOR_COLUMN_NAME:
-            column_type = "nominal"
-        else:
-            column_type = _infer_vegalite_type(df[color_column])
+        column_type = (
+            "nominal"
+            if color_column == _MELTED_COLOR_COLUMN_NAME
+            else _infer_vegalite_type(df[color_column])
+        )
 
         color_enc = alt.Color(
             field=color_column, legend=_COLOR_LEGEND_SETTINGS, type=column_type
@@ -1137,7 +1134,7 @@ def _get_y_encoding_type(
 
 
 class StreamlitColumnNotFoundError(StreamlitAPIException):
-    def __init__(self, df, col_name, *args):
+    def __init__(self, df: pd.DataFrame, col_name: str, *args: Any) -> None:
         available_columns = ", ".join(str(c) for c in list(df.columns))
         message = (
             f'Data does not have a column named `"{col_name}"`. '
@@ -1147,8 +1144,7 @@ class StreamlitColumnNotFoundError(StreamlitAPIException):
 
 
 class StreamlitInvalidColorError(StreamlitAPIException):
-    def __init__(self, df, color_from_user, *args):
-        ", ".join(str(c) for c in list(df.columns))
+    def __init__(self, color_from_user: str | Color | list[Color] | None) -> None:
         message = f"""
 This does not look like a valid color argument: `{color_from_user}`.
 
@@ -1161,14 +1157,18 @@ The color argument can be:
 * The name of a column.
 * Or a list of colors, matching the number of y columns to draw.
         """
-        super().__init__(message, *args)
+        super().__init__(message)
 
 
 class StreamlitColorLengthError(StreamlitAPIException):
-    def __init__(self, color_values, y_column_list, *args):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        color_values: str | Color | Collection[Color] | None,
+        y_column_list: list[str],
+    ) -> None:
         message = (
             f"The list of colors `{color_values}` must have the same "
             "length as the list of columns to be colored "
             f"`{y_column_list}`."
         )
-        super().__init__(message, *args)
+        super().__init__(message)

streamlit/elements/lib/pandas_styler_utils.py

@@ -203,10 +203,9 @@ def _pandas_style_to_css(
     # >   }
     # >   ...
     # > ]
-    if style_type == "table_styles":
-        cell_selectors = [style["selector"]]
-    else:
-        cell_selectors = style["selectors"]
+    cell_selectors = (
+        [style["selector"]] if style_type == "table_styles" else style["selectors"]
+    )
 
     selectors = [
         table_selector + separator + cell_selector for cell_selector in cell_selectors
@@ -266,9 +265,8 @@ def _use_display_values(df: DataFrame, styles: Mapping[str, Any]) -> DataFrame:
         rows = styles["body"]
         for row in rows:
             for cell in row:
-                if "id" in cell:
-                    if match := cell_selector_regex.match(cell["id"]):
-                        r, c = map(int, match.groups())
-                        new_df.iloc[r, c] = str(cell["display_value"])
+                if "id" in cell and (match := cell_selector_regex.match(cell["id"])):
+                    r, c = map(int, match.groups())
+                    new_df.iloc[r, c] = str(cell["display_value"])
 
     return new_df

streamlit/elements/lib/policies.py

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ def check_session_state_rules(
 
 
 class CachedWidgetWarning(StreamlitAPIWarning):
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
         super().__init__(
             """
 Your script uses a widget command in a cached function

streamlit/elements/map.py

@@ -399,10 +399,7 @@ def _get_value_and_col_name(
     else:
         col_name = None
 
-        if value_or_name is None:
-            pydeck_arg = default_value
-        else:
-            pydeck_arg = value_or_name
+        pydeck_arg = default_value if value_or_name is None else value_or_name
 
     return pydeck_arg, col_name
 
@@ -462,10 +459,7 @@ def _get_viewport_details(
     range_lat = abs(max_lat - min_lat)
 
     if zoom is None:
-        if range_lon > range_lat:
-            longitude_distance = range_lon
-        else:
-            longitude_distance = range_lat
+        longitude_distance = max(range_lat, range_lon)
         zoom = _get_zoom_level(longitude_distance)
 
     return zoom, center_lat, center_lon

streamlit/elements/markdown.py

@@ -368,10 +368,7 @@ class MarkdownMixin:
             height: 220px
 
         """
-        if icon is not None:
-            icon_str = validate_icon_or_emoji(icon) + " "
-        else:
-            icon_str = ""
+        icon_str = validate_icon_or_emoji(icon) + " " if icon is not None else ""
 
         # Escape [ and ] characters in the label to prevent breaking the directive syntax
         escaped_label = label.replace("[", "\\[").replace("]", "\\]")

streamlit/elements/media.py

@@ -24,11 +24,13 @@ from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
 
 from streamlit import runtime, type_util, url_util
 from streamlit.elements.lib.form_utils import current_form_id
+from streamlit.elements.lib.layout_utils import WidthWithoutContent, validate_width
 from streamlit.elements.lib.subtitle_utils import process_subtitle_data
 from streamlit.elements.lib.utils import compute_and_register_element_id
 from streamlit.errors import StreamlitAPIException
 from streamlit.proto.Audio_pb2 import Audio as AudioProto
 from streamlit.proto.Video_pb2 import Video as VideoProto
+from streamlit.proto.WidthConfig_pb2 import WidthConfig
 from streamlit.runtime import caching
 from streamlit.runtime.metrics_util import gather_metrics
 from streamlit.time_util import time_to_seconds
@@ -80,6 +82,7 @@ class MediaMixin:
         end_time: MediaTime | None = None,
         loop: bool = False,
         autoplay: bool = False,
+        width: WidthWithoutContent = "stretch",
     ) -> DeltaGenerator:
         """Display an audio player.
 
@@ -141,6 +144,12 @@ class MediaMixin:
             Whether the audio file should start playing automatically. This is
             ``False`` by default. Browsers will not autoplay audio files if the
             user has not interacted with the page by clicking somewhere.
+        width: int or "stretch"
+            The width of the audio player. This can be one of the following:
+
+            - An int: The width in pixels, e.g. ``200`` for a width of 200 pixels.
+            - ``"stretch"``: The default value. The audio player stretches to fill
+              available space in its container.
 
         Examples
         --------
@@ -181,6 +190,7 @@ class MediaMixin:
 
         """
         start_time, end_time = _parse_start_time_end_time(start_time, end_time)
+        validate_width(width)
 
         audio_proto = AudioProto()
 
@@ -207,6 +217,7 @@ class MediaMixin:
             loop,
             autoplay,
             form_id=current_form_id(self.dg),
+            width=width,
         )
         return self.dg._enqueue("audio", audio_proto)
 
@@ -222,6 +233,7 @@ class MediaMixin:
         loop: bool = False,
         autoplay: bool = False,
         muted: bool = False,
+        width: WidthWithoutContent = "stretch",
     ) -> DeltaGenerator:
         """Display a video player.
 
@@ -306,6 +318,12 @@ class MediaMixin:
             Whether the video should play with the audio silenced. This is
             ``False`` by default. Use this in conjunction with ``autoplay=True``
             to enable autoplay without user interaction.
+        width: int or "stretch"
+            The width of the video player. This can be one of the following:
+
+            - An int: The width in pixels, e.g. ``200`` for a width of 200 pixels.
+            - ``"stretch"``: The default value. The video player stretches to fill
+              available space in its container.
 
         Example
         -------
@@ -359,6 +377,7 @@ class MediaMixin:
 
         """
         start_time, end_time = _parse_start_time_end_time(start_time, end_time)
+        validate_width(width)
 
         video_proto = VideoProto()
         coordinates = self.dg._get_delta_path_str()
@@ -374,6 +393,7 @@ class MediaMixin:
             autoplay,
             muted,
             form_id=current_form_id(self.dg),
+            width=width,
         )
         return self.dg._enqueue("video", video_proto)
 
@@ -449,14 +469,14 @@ def _marshall_av_media(
     elif isinstance(data, io.BytesIO):
         data.seek(0)
         data_or_filename = data.getvalue()
-    elif isinstance(data, io.RawIOBase) or isinstance(data, io.BufferedReader):
+    elif isinstance(data, (io.RawIOBase, io.BufferedReader)):
         data.seek(0)
         read_data = data.read()
         if read_data is None:
             return
         data_or_filename = read_data
     elif type_util.is_type(data, "numpy.ndarray"):
-        data_or_filename = data.tobytes()
+        data_or_filename = cast("npt.NDArray[Any]", data).tobytes()
     else:
         raise RuntimeError("Invalid binary data format: %s" % type(data))
 
@@ -484,6 +504,7 @@ def marshall_video(
     autoplay: bool = False,
     muted: bool = False,
     form_id: str | None = None,
+    width: WidthWithoutContent = "stretch",
 ) -> None:
     """Marshalls a video proto, using url processors as needed.
 
@@ -530,6 +551,11 @@ def marshall_video(
     form_id: str | None
         The ID of the form that this element is placed in. Provide None if
         the element is not placed in a form.
+    width: int or "stretch"
+        The width of the video player. This can be one of the following:
+        - An int: The width in pixels, e.g. 200 for a width of 200 pixels.
+        - "stretch": The default value. The video player stretches to fill
+          available space in its container.
     """
 
     if start_time < 0 or (end_time is not None and end_time <= start_time):
@@ -542,6 +568,13 @@ def marshall_video(
         proto.end_time = end_time
     proto.loop = loop
 
+    width_config = WidthConfig()
+    if isinstance(width, int):
+        width_config.pixel_width = width
+    else:
+        width_config.use_stretch = True
+    proto.width_config.CopyFrom(width_config)
+
     # "type" distinguishes between YouTube and non-YouTube links
     proto.type = VideoProto.Type.NATIVE
 
@@ -611,6 +644,7 @@ def marshall_video(
             loop=loop,
             autoplay=autoplay,
             muted=muted,
+            width=width,
         )
 
 
@@ -732,6 +766,7 @@ def marshall_audio(
     loop: bool = False,
     autoplay: bool = False,
     form_id: str | None = None,
+    width: WidthWithoutContent = "stretch",
 ) -> None:
     """Marshalls an audio proto, using data and url processors as needed.
 
@@ -761,6 +796,11 @@ def marshall_audio(
     form_id: str | None
         The ID of the form that this element is placed in. Provide None if
         the element is not placed in a form.
+    width: int or "stretch"
+        The width of the audio player. This can be one of the following:
+        - An int: The width in pixels, e.g. 200 for a width of 200 pixels.
+        - "stretch": The default value. The audio player stretches to fill
+          available space in its container.
     """
 
     proto.start_time = start_time
@@ -768,6 +808,13 @@ def marshall_audio(
         proto.end_time = end_time
     proto.loop = loop
 
+    width_config = WidthConfig()
+    if isinstance(width, int):
+        width_config.pixel_width = width
+    else:
+        width_config.use_stretch = True
+    proto.width_config.CopyFrom(width_config)
+
     if isinstance(data, Path):
         data = str(data)  # Convert Path to string
 
@@ -792,4 +839,5 @@ def marshall_audio(
             end_time=end_time,
             loop=loop,
             autoplay=autoplay,
+            width=width,
         )

streamlit/elements/metric.py

@@ -223,13 +223,13 @@ def _parse_label(label: str) -> str:
 def _parse_value(value: Value) -> str:
     if value is None:
         return "—"
-    if isinstance(value, int) or isinstance(value, float) or isinstance(value, str):
+    if isinstance(value, (int, float, str)):
         return str(value)
-    elif hasattr(value, "item"):
+    if hasattr(value, "item"):
         # Add support for numpy values (e.g. int16, float64, etc.)
         try:
             # Item could also be just a variable, so we use try, except
-            if isinstance(value.item(), float) or isinstance(value.item(), int):
+            if isinstance(value.item(), (float, int)):
                 return str(value.item())
         except Exception:  # noqa: S110
             # If the numpy item is not a valid value, the TypeError below will be raised.
@@ -247,14 +247,13 @@ def _parse_delta(delta: Delta) -> str:
         return ""
     if isinstance(delta, str):
         return dedent(delta)
-    elif isinstance(delta, int) or isinstance(delta, float):
+    if isinstance(delta, (int, float)):
         return str(delta)
-    else:
-        raise TypeError(
-            f"'{delta}' is of type {type(delta)}, which is not an accepted type."
-            " delta only accepts: int, float, str, or None."
-            " Please convert the value to an accepted type."
-        )
+    raise TypeError(
+        f"'{delta}' is of type {type(delta)}, which is not an accepted type."
+        " delta only accepts: int, float, str, or None."
+        " Please convert the value to an accepted type."
+    )
 
 
 def _determine_delta_color_and_direction(

streamlit/elements/spinner.py

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ def spinner(
 
     try:
 
-        def set_message():
+        def set_message() -> None:
             with display_message_lock:
                 if display_message:
                     spinner_proto = SpinnerProto()

streamlit/elements/vega_charts.py

@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ def _convert_altair_to_vega_lite_spec(
         datasets[name] = data_bytes
         return {"name": name}
 
-    alt.data_transformers.register("id", id_transform)  # type: ignore[attr-defined,unused-ignore]
+    alt.data_transformers.register("id", id_transform)  # type: ignore[arg-type,attr-defined,unused-ignore]
 
     # The default altair theme has some width/height defaults defined
     # which are not useful for Streamlit. Therefore, we change the theme to

streamlit/elements/widgets/audio_input.py

@@ -79,10 +79,7 @@ class AudioInputSerde:
         self, ui_value: FileUploaderStateProto | None
     ) -> SomeUploadedAudioFile:
         upload_files = _get_upload_files(ui_value)
-        if len(upload_files) == 0:
-            return_value = None
-        else:
-            return_value = upload_files[0]
+        return_value = None if len(upload_files) == 0 else upload_files[0]
         if return_value is not None and not isinstance(return_value, DeletedFile):
             enforce_filename_restriction(return_value.name, [".wav"])
         return return_value

streamlit/elements/widgets/camera_input.py

@@ -79,10 +79,7 @@ class CameraInputSerde:
         self, ui_value: FileUploaderStateProto | None
     ) -> SomeUploadedSnapshotFile:
         upload_files = _get_upload_files(ui_value)
-        if len(upload_files) == 0:
-            return_value = None
-        else:
-            return_value = upload_files[0]
+        return_value = None if len(upload_files) == 0 else upload_files[0]
         if return_value is not None and not isinstance(return_value, DeletedFile):
             enforce_filename_restriction(return_value.name, [".jpg"])
         return return_value

streamlit/elements/widgets/chat.py

@@ -33,6 +33,11 @@ from streamlit.elements.lib.file_uploader_utils import (
 )
 from streamlit.elements.lib.form_utils import is_in_form
 from streamlit.elements.lib.image_utils import AtomicImage, WidthBehavior, image_to_url
+from streamlit.elements.lib.layout_utils import (
+    Width,
+    WidthWithoutContent,
+    validate_width,
+)
 from streamlit.elements.lib.policies import check_widget_policies
 from streamlit.elements.lib.utils import (
     Key,
@@ -47,6 +52,7 @@ from streamlit.proto.ChatInput_pb2 import ChatInput as ChatInputProto
 from streamlit.proto.Common_pb2 import ChatInputValue as ChatInputValueProto
 from streamlit.proto.Common_pb2 import FileUploaderState as FileUploaderStateProto
 from streamlit.proto.RootContainer_pb2 import RootContainer
+from streamlit.proto.WidthConfig_pb2 import WidthConfig
 from streamlit.runtime.metrics_util import gather_metrics
 from streamlit.runtime.scriptrunner_utils.script_run_context import get_script_run_ctx
 from streamlit.runtime.state import (
@@ -224,6 +230,7 @@ class ChatMixin:
         name: Literal["user", "assistant", "ai", "human"] | str,
         *,
         avatar: Literal["user", "assistant"] | str | AtomicImage | None = None,
+        width: Width = "stretch",
     ) -> DeltaGenerator:
         """Insert a chat message container.
 
@@ -274,6 +281,14 @@ class ChatMixin:
             .. |st.image| replace:: ``st.image``
             .. _st.image: https://docs.streamlit.io/develop/api-reference/media/st.image
 
+        width: int, "auto", or "stretch"
+            The width of the chat message. This can be one of the following:
+
+            - An int: The width in pixels, e.g. ``200`` for a width of 200 pixels.
+            - ``"auto"``: Expands to fit the content.
+            - ``"stretch"``: The default value. The chat message stretches to fill
+              available space in its container.
+
         Returns
         -------
         Container
@@ -322,10 +337,23 @@ class ChatMixin:
             avatar, self.dg._get_delta_path_str()
         )
 
+        validate_width(width, allow_content=True)
+
         message_container_proto = BlockProto.ChatMessage()
         message_container_proto.name = name
         message_container_proto.avatar = converted_avatar
         message_container_proto.avatar_type = avatar_type
+
+        # Set up width configuration
+        width_config = WidthConfig()
+        if isinstance(width, int):
+            width_config.pixel_width = width
+        elif width == "content":
+            width_config.use_content = True
+        else:
+            width_config.use_stretch = True
+        message_container_proto.width_config.CopyFrom(width_config)
+
         block_proto = BlockProto()
         block_proto.allow_empty = True
         block_proto.chat_message.CopyFrom(message_container_proto)
@@ -345,6 +373,7 @@ class ChatMixin:
         on_submit: WidgetCallback | None = None,
         args: WidgetArgs | None = None,
         kwargs: WidgetKwargs | None = None,
+        width: WidthWithoutContent = "stretch",
     ) -> str | None: ...
 
     @overload
@@ -360,6 +389,7 @@ class ChatMixin:
         on_submit: WidgetCallback | None = None,
         args: WidgetArgs | None = None,
         kwargs: WidgetKwargs | None = None,
+        width: WidthWithoutContent = "stretch",
     ) -> ChatInputValue | None: ...
 
     @gather_metrics("chat_input")
@@ -375,6 +405,7 @@ class ChatMixin:
         on_submit: WidgetCallback | None = None,
         args: WidgetArgs | None = None,
         kwargs: WidgetKwargs | None = None,
+        width: WidthWithoutContent = "stretch",
     ) -> str | ChatInputValue | None:
         """Display a chat input widget.
 
@@ -439,6 +470,13 @@ class ChatMixin:
         kwargs : dict
             An optional dict of kwargs to pass to the callback.
 
+        width: int or "stretch"
+            The width of the chat input widget. This can be one of the following:
+
+            - An int: The width in pixels, e.g. ``200`` for a width of 200 pixels.
+            - ``"stretch"``: The default value. The chat input stretches to fill
+              available space in its container.
+
         Returns
         -------
         None, str, or dict-like
@@ -546,6 +584,8 @@ class ChatMixin:
             writes_allowed=False,
         )
 
+        validate_width(width)
+
         if accept_file not in {True, False, "multiple"}:
             raise StreamlitAPIException(
                 "The `accept_file` parameter must be a boolean or 'multiple'."
@@ -562,6 +602,7 @@ class ChatMixin:
             max_chars=max_chars,
             accept_file=accept_file,
             file_type=file_type,
+            width=width,
         )
 
         if file_type:
@@ -571,11 +612,10 @@ class ChatMixin:
         # We throw an error to warn the user about this.
         # We omit this check for scripts running outside streamlit, because
         # they will have no script_run_ctx.
-        if runtime.exists():
-            if is_in_form(self.dg):
-                raise StreamlitAPIException(
-                    "`st.chat_input()` can't be used in a `st.form()`."
-                )
+        if runtime.exists() and is_in_form(self.dg):
+            raise StreamlitAPIException(
+                "`st.chat_input()` can't be used in a `st.form()`."
+            )
 
         # Determine the position of the chat input:
         # Use bottom position if chat input is within the main container
@@ -606,6 +646,13 @@ class ChatMixin:
         chat_input_proto.file_type[:] = file_type if file_type is not None else []
         chat_input_proto.max_upload_size_mb = config.get_option("server.maxUploadSize")
 
+        width_config = WidthConfig()
+        if isinstance(width, int):
+            width_config.pixel_width = width
+        else:
+            width_config.use_stretch = True
+        chat_input_proto.width_config.CopyFrom(width_config)
+
         serde = ChatInputSerde(
             accept_files=bool(accept_file),
             allowed_types=file_type,

streamlit/elements/widgets/data_editor.py

@@ -949,7 +949,7 @@ class DataEditorMixin:
         if use_container_width is None:
             # If use_container_width was not explicitly set by the user, we set
             # it to True if width was not set explicitly, and False otherwise.
-            use_container_width = True if width is None else False
+            use_container_width = width is None
 
         proto.use_container_width = use_container_width
 

streamlit/elements/widgets/slider.py

@@ -692,7 +692,7 @@ class SliderMixin:
         if single_value:
             value = [value]
 
-        def value_to_generic_type(v):
+        def value_to_generic_type(v: Any) -> SliderProto.DataType.ValueType:
             if isinstance(v, Integral):
                 return SUPPORTED_TYPES[Integral]
             if isinstance(v, Real):
@@ -708,10 +708,9 @@ class SliderMixin:
                 f"But were: {list(map(type, value))}"
             )
 
-        if len(value) == 0:
-            data_type = SliderProto.INT
-        else:
-            data_type = value_to_generic_type(value[0])
+        data_type = (
+            SliderProto.INT if len(value) == 0 else value_to_generic_type(value[0])
+        )
 
         datetime_min = time.min
         datetime_max = time.max

streamlit/elements/widgets/time_widgets.py

@@ -517,10 +517,7 @@ class TimeWidgetsMixin:
         validate_width(width)
 
         parsed_time: time | None
-        if value is None:
-            parsed_time = None
-        else:
-            parsed_time = _convert_timelike_to_time(value)
+        parsed_time = None if value is None else _convert_timelike_to_time(value)
 
         element_id = compute_and_register_element_id(
             "time_input",

streamlit/elements/write.py

@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ class WriteMixin:
         streamed_response: str = ""
         written_content: list[Any] = StreamingOutput()
 
-        def flush_stream_response():
+        def flush_stream_response() -> None:
             """Write the full response to the app."""
             nonlocal streamed_response
             nonlocal stream_container
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ class WriteMixin:
                 "when called as `st.write()` or `st.sidebar.write()`."
             )
 
-        def flush_buffer():
+        def flush_buffer() -> None:
             if string_buffer:
                 text_content = " ".join(string_buffer)
                 # The usage of empty here prevents