simplejson 3.19.3__cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl

simplejson/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,562 @@
+r"""JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) <http://json.org> is a subset of
+JavaScript syntax (ECMA-262 3rd edition) used as a lightweight data
+interchange format.
+
+:mod:`simplejson` exposes an API familiar to users of the standard library
+:mod:`marshal` and :mod:`pickle` modules. It is the externally maintained
+version of the :mod:`json` library contained in Python 2.6, but maintains
+compatibility back to Python 2.5 and (currently) has significant performance
+advantages, even without using the optional C extension for speedups.
+
+Encoding basic Python object hierarchies::
+
+    >>> import simplejson as json
+    >>> json.dumps(['foo', {'bar': ('baz', None, 1.0, 2)}])
+    '["foo", {"bar": ["baz", null, 1.0, 2]}]'
+    >>> print(json.dumps("\"foo\bar"))
+    "\"foo\bar"
+    >>> print(json.dumps(u'\u1234'))
+    "\u1234"
+    >>> print(json.dumps('\\'))
+    "\\"
+    >>> print(json.dumps({"c": 0, "b": 0, "a": 0}, sort_keys=True))
+    {"a": 0, "b": 0, "c": 0}
+    >>> from simplejson.compat import StringIO
+    >>> io = StringIO()
+    >>> json.dump(['streaming API'], io)
+    >>> io.getvalue()
+    '["streaming API"]'
+
+Compact encoding::
+
+    >>> import simplejson as json
+    >>> obj = [1,2,3,{'4': 5, '6': 7}]
+    >>> json.dumps(obj, separators=(',',':'), sort_keys=True)
+    '[1,2,3,{"4":5,"6":7}]'
+
+Pretty printing::
+
+    >>> import simplejson as json
+    >>> print(json.dumps({'4': 5, '6': 7}, sort_keys=True, indent='    '))
+    {
+        "4": 5,
+        "6": 7
+    }
+
+Decoding JSON::
+
+    >>> import simplejson as json
+    >>> obj = [u'foo', {u'bar': [u'baz', None, 1.0, 2]}]
+    >>> json.loads('["foo", {"bar":["baz", null, 1.0, 2]}]') == obj
+    True
+    >>> json.loads('"\\"foo\\bar"') == u'"foo\x08ar'
+    True
+    >>> from simplejson.compat import StringIO
+    >>> io = StringIO('["streaming API"]')
+    >>> json.load(io)[0] == 'streaming API'
+    True
+
+Specializing JSON object decoding::
+
+    >>> import simplejson as json
+    >>> def as_complex(dct):
+    ...     if '__complex__' in dct:
+    ...         return complex(dct['real'], dct['imag'])
+    ...     return dct
+    ...
+    >>> json.loads('{"__complex__": true, "real": 1, "imag": 2}',
+    ...     object_hook=as_complex)
+    (1+2j)
+    >>> from decimal import Decimal
+    >>> json.loads('1.1', parse_float=Decimal) == Decimal('1.1')
+    True
+
+Specializing JSON object encoding::
+
+    >>> import simplejson as json
+    >>> def encode_complex(obj):
+    ...     if isinstance(obj, complex):
+    ...         return [obj.real, obj.imag]
+    ...     raise TypeError('Object of type %s is not JSON serializable' %
+    ...                     obj.__class__.__name__)
+    ...
+    >>> json.dumps(2 + 1j, default=encode_complex)
+    '[2.0, 1.0]'
+    >>> json.JSONEncoder(default=encode_complex).encode(2 + 1j)
+    '[2.0, 1.0]'
+    >>> ''.join(json.JSONEncoder(default=encode_complex).iterencode(2 + 1j))
+    '[2.0, 1.0]'
+
+Using simplejson.tool from the shell to validate and pretty-print::
+
+    $ echo '{"json":"obj"}' | python -m simplejson.tool
+    {
+        "json": "obj"
+    }
+    $ echo '{ 1.2:3.4}' | python -m simplejson.tool
+    Expecting property name: line 1 column 3 (char 2)
+
+Parsing multiple documents serialized as JSON lines (newline-delimited JSON)::
+
+    >>> import simplejson as json
+    >>> def loads_lines(docs):
+    ...     for doc in docs.splitlines():
+    ...         yield json.loads(doc)
+    ...
+    >>> sum(doc["count"] for doc in loads_lines('{"count":1}\n{"count":2}\n{"count":3}\n'))
+    6
+
+Serializing multiple objects to JSON lines (newline-delimited JSON)::
+
+    >>> import simplejson as json
+    >>> def dumps_lines(objs):
+    ...     for obj in objs:
+    ...         yield json.dumps(obj, separators=(',',':')) + '\n'
+    ...
+    >>> ''.join(dumps_lines([{'count': 1}, {'count': 2}, {'count': 3}]))
+    '{"count":1}\n{"count":2}\n{"count":3}\n'
+
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+__version__ = '3.19.3'
+__all__ = [
+    'dump', 'dumps', 'load', 'loads',
+    'JSONDecoder', 'JSONDecodeError', 'JSONEncoder',
+    'OrderedDict', 'simple_first', 'RawJSON'
+]
+
+__author__ = 'Bob Ippolito <bob@redivi.com>'
+
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from .errors import JSONDecodeError
+from .raw_json import RawJSON
+from .decoder import JSONDecoder
+from .encoder import JSONEncoder, JSONEncoderForHTML
+def _import_OrderedDict():
+    import collections
+    try:
+        return collections.OrderedDict
+    except AttributeError:
+        from . import ordered_dict
+        return ordered_dict.OrderedDict
+OrderedDict = _import_OrderedDict()
+
+def _import_c_make_encoder():
+    try:
+        from ._speedups import make_encoder
+        return make_encoder
+    except ImportError:
+        return None
+
+_default_encoder = JSONEncoder()
+
+def dump(obj, fp, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,
+         allow_nan=False, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None,
+         encoding='utf-8', default=None, use_decimal=True,
+         namedtuple_as_object=True, tuple_as_array=True,
+         bigint_as_string=False, sort_keys=False, item_sort_key=None,
+         for_json=False, ignore_nan=False, int_as_string_bitcount=None,
+         iterable_as_array=False, **kw):
+    """Serialize ``obj`` as a JSON formatted stream to ``fp`` (a
+    ``.write()``-supporting file-like object).
+
+    If *skipkeys* is true then ``dict`` keys that are not basic types
+    (``str``, ``int``, ``long``, ``float``, ``bool``, ``None``)
+    will be skipped instead of raising a ``TypeError``.
+
+    If *ensure_ascii* is false (default: ``True``), then the output may
+    contain non-ASCII characters, so long as they do not need to be escaped
+    by JSON. When it is true, all non-ASCII characters are escaped.
+
+    If *allow_nan* is true (default: ``False``), then out of range ``float``
+    values (``nan``, ``inf``, ``-inf``) will be serialized to
+    their JavaScript equivalents (``NaN``, ``Infinity``, ``-Infinity``)
+    instead of raising a ValueError. See
+    *ignore_nan* for ECMA-262 compliant behavior.
+
+    If *indent* is a string, then JSON array elements and object members
+    will be pretty-printed with a newline followed by that string repeated
+    for each level of nesting. ``None`` (the default) selects the most compact
+    representation without any newlines.
+
+    If specified, *separators* should be an
+    ``(item_separator, key_separator)`` tuple.  The default is ``(', ', ': ')``
+    if *indent* is ``None`` and ``(',', ': ')`` otherwise.  To get the most
+    compact JSON representation, you should specify ``(',', ':')`` to eliminate
+    whitespace.
+
+    *encoding* is the character encoding for str instances, default is UTF-8.
+
+    *default(obj)* is a function that should return a serializable version
+    of obj or raise ``TypeError``. The default simply raises ``TypeError``.
+
+    If *use_decimal* is true (default: ``True``) then decimal.Decimal
+    will be natively serialized to JSON with full precision.
+
+    If *namedtuple_as_object* is true (default: ``True``),
+    :class:`tuple` subclasses with ``_asdict()`` methods will be encoded
+    as JSON objects.
+
+    If *tuple_as_array* is true (default: ``True``),
+    :class:`tuple` (and subclasses) will be encoded as JSON arrays.
+
+    If *iterable_as_array* is true (default: ``False``),
+    any object not in the above table that implements ``__iter__()``
+    will be encoded as a JSON array.
+
+    If *bigint_as_string* is true (default: ``False``), ints 2**53 and higher
+    or lower than -2**53 will be encoded as strings. This is to avoid the
+    rounding that happens in Javascript otherwise. Note that this is still a
+    lossy operation that will not round-trip correctly and should be used
+    sparingly.
+
+    If *int_as_string_bitcount* is a positive number (n), then int of size
+    greater than or equal to 2**n or lower than or equal to -2**n will be
+    encoded as strings.
+
+    If specified, *item_sort_key* is a callable used to sort the items in
+    each dictionary. This is useful if you want to sort items other than
+    in alphabetical order by key. This option takes precedence over
+    *sort_keys*.
+
+    If *sort_keys* is true (default: ``False``), the output of dictionaries
+    will be sorted by item.
+
+    If *for_json* is true (default: ``False``), objects with a ``for_json()``
+    method will use the return value of that method for encoding as JSON
+    instead of the object.
+
+    If *ignore_nan* is true (default: ``False``), then out of range
+    :class:`float` values (``nan``, ``inf``, ``-inf``) will be serialized as
+    ``null`` in compliance with the ECMA-262 specification. If true, this will
+    override *allow_nan*.
+
+    To use a custom ``JSONEncoder`` subclass (e.g. one that overrides the
+    ``.default()`` method to serialize additional types), specify it with
+    the ``cls`` kwarg. NOTE: You should use *default* or *for_json* instead
+    of subclassing whenever possible.
+
+    """
+    # cached encoder
+    if (not skipkeys and ensure_ascii and
+        check_circular and not allow_nan and
+        cls is None and indent is None and separators is None and
+        encoding == 'utf-8' and default is None and use_decimal
+        and namedtuple_as_object and tuple_as_array and not iterable_as_array
+        and not bigint_as_string and not sort_keys
+        and not item_sort_key and not for_json
+        and not ignore_nan and int_as_string_bitcount is None
+        and not kw
+    ):
+        iterable = _default_encoder.iterencode(obj)
+    else:
+        if cls is None:
+            cls = JSONEncoder
+        iterable = cls(skipkeys=skipkeys, ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
+            check_circular=check_circular, allow_nan=allow_nan, indent=indent,
+            separators=separators, encoding=encoding,
+            default=default, use_decimal=use_decimal,
+            namedtuple_as_object=namedtuple_as_object,
+            tuple_as_array=tuple_as_array,
+            iterable_as_array=iterable_as_array,
+            bigint_as_string=bigint_as_string,
+            sort_keys=sort_keys,
+            item_sort_key=item_sort_key,
+            for_json=for_json,
+            ignore_nan=ignore_nan,
+            int_as_string_bitcount=int_as_string_bitcount,
+            **kw).iterencode(obj)
+    # could accelerate with writelines in some versions of Python, at
+    # a debuggability cost
+    for chunk in iterable:
+        fp.write(chunk)
+
+
+def dumps(obj, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,
+          allow_nan=False, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None,
+          encoding='utf-8', default=None, use_decimal=True,
+          namedtuple_as_object=True, tuple_as_array=True,
+          bigint_as_string=False, sort_keys=False, item_sort_key=None,
+          for_json=False, ignore_nan=False, int_as_string_bitcount=None,
+          iterable_as_array=False, **kw):
+    """Serialize ``obj`` to a JSON formatted ``str``.
+
+    If ``skipkeys`` is true then ``dict`` keys that are not basic types
+    (``str``, ``int``, ``long``, ``float``, ``bool``, ``None``)
+    will be skipped instead of raising a ``TypeError``.
+
+    If *ensure_ascii* is false (default: ``True``), then the output may
+    contain non-ASCII characters, so long as they do not need to be escaped
+    by JSON. When it is true, all non-ASCII characters are escaped.
+
+    If ``check_circular`` is false, then the circular reference check
+    for container types will be skipped and a circular reference will
+    result in an ``OverflowError`` (or worse).
+
+    If *allow_nan* is true (default: ``False``), then out of range ``float``
+    values (``nan``, ``inf``, ``-inf``) will be serialized to
+    their JavaScript equivalents (``NaN``, ``Infinity``, ``-Infinity``)
+    instead of raising a ValueError. See
+    *ignore_nan* for ECMA-262 compliant behavior.
+
+    If ``indent`` is a string, then JSON array elements and object members
+    will be pretty-printed with a newline followed by that string repeated
+    for each level of nesting. ``None`` (the default) selects the most compact
+    representation without any newlines. For backwards compatibility with
+    versions of simplejson earlier than 2.1.0, an integer is also accepted
+    and is converted to a string with that many spaces.
+
+    If specified, ``separators`` should be an
+    ``(item_separator, key_separator)`` tuple.  The default is ``(', ', ': ')``
+    if *indent* is ``None`` and ``(',', ': ')`` otherwise.  To get the most
+    compact JSON representation, you should specify ``(',', ':')`` to eliminate
+    whitespace.
+
+    ``encoding`` is the character encoding for bytes instances, default is
+    UTF-8.
+
+    ``default(obj)`` is a function that should return a serializable version
+    of obj or raise TypeError. The default simply raises TypeError.
+
+    If *use_decimal* is true (default: ``True``) then decimal.Decimal
+    will be natively serialized to JSON with full precision.
+
+    If *namedtuple_as_object* is true (default: ``True``),
+    :class:`tuple` subclasses with ``_asdict()`` methods will be encoded
+    as JSON objects.
+
+    If *tuple_as_array* is true (default: ``True``),
+    :class:`tuple` (and subclasses) will be encoded as JSON arrays.
+
+    If *iterable_as_array* is true (default: ``False``),
+    any object not in the above table that implements ``__iter__()``
+    will be encoded as a JSON array.
+
+    If *bigint_as_string* is true (not the default), ints 2**53 and higher
+    or lower than -2**53 will be encoded as strings. This is to avoid the
+    rounding that happens in Javascript otherwise.
+
+    If *int_as_string_bitcount* is a positive number (n), then int of size
+    greater than or equal to 2**n or lower than or equal to -2**n will be
+    encoded as strings.
+
+    If specified, *item_sort_key* is a callable used to sort the items in
+    each dictionary. This is useful if you want to sort items other than
+    in alphabetical order by key. This option takes precedence over
+    *sort_keys*.
+
+    If *sort_keys* is true (default: ``False``), the output of dictionaries
+    will be sorted by item.
+
+    If *for_json* is true (default: ``False``), objects with a ``for_json()``
+    method will use the return value of that method for encoding as JSON
+    instead of the object.
+
+    If *ignore_nan* is true (default: ``False``), then out of range
+    :class:`float` values (``nan``, ``inf``, ``-inf``) will be serialized as
+    ``null`` in compliance with the ECMA-262 specification. If true, this will
+    override *allow_nan*.
+
+    To use a custom ``JSONEncoder`` subclass (e.g. one that overrides the
+    ``.default()`` method to serialize additional types), specify it with
+    the ``cls`` kwarg. NOTE: You should use *default* instead of subclassing
+    whenever possible.
+
+    """
+    # cached encoder
+    if (not skipkeys and ensure_ascii and
+        check_circular and not allow_nan and
+        cls is None and indent is None and separators is None and
+        encoding == 'utf-8' and default is None and use_decimal
+        and namedtuple_as_object and tuple_as_array and not iterable_as_array
+        and not bigint_as_string and not sort_keys
+        and not item_sort_key and not for_json
+        and not ignore_nan and int_as_string_bitcount is None
+        and not kw
+    ):
+        return _default_encoder.encode(obj)
+    if cls is None:
+        cls = JSONEncoder
+    return cls(
+        skipkeys=skipkeys, ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
+        check_circular=check_circular, allow_nan=allow_nan, indent=indent,
+        separators=separators, encoding=encoding, default=default,
+        use_decimal=use_decimal,
+        namedtuple_as_object=namedtuple_as_object,
+        tuple_as_array=tuple_as_array,
+        iterable_as_array=iterable_as_array,
+        bigint_as_string=bigint_as_string,
+        sort_keys=sort_keys,
+        item_sort_key=item_sort_key,
+        for_json=for_json,
+        ignore_nan=ignore_nan,
+        int_as_string_bitcount=int_as_string_bitcount,
+        **kw).encode(obj)
+
+
+_default_decoder = JSONDecoder()
+
+
+def load(fp, encoding=None, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None,
+        parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, object_pairs_hook=None,
+        use_decimal=False, allow_nan=False, **kw):
+    """Deserialize ``fp`` (a ``.read()``-supporting file-like object containing
+    a JSON document as `str` or `bytes`) to a Python object.
+
+    *encoding* determines the encoding used to interpret any
+    `bytes` objects decoded by this instance (``'utf-8'`` by
+    default). It has no effect when decoding `str` objects.
+
+    *object_hook*, if specified, will be called with the result of every
+    JSON object decoded and its return value will be used in place of the
+    given :class:`dict`.  This can be used to provide custom
+    deserializations (e.g. to support JSON-RPC class hinting).
+
+    *object_pairs_hook* is an optional function that will be called with
+    the result of any object literal decode with an ordered list of pairs.
+    The return value of *object_pairs_hook* will be used instead of the
+    :class:`dict`.  This feature can be used to implement custom decoders
+    that rely on the order that the key and value pairs are decoded (for
+    example, :func:`collections.OrderedDict` will remember the order of
+    insertion). If *object_hook* is also defined, the *object_pairs_hook*
+    takes priority.
+
+    *parse_float*, if specified, will be called with the string of every
+    JSON float to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to
+    ``float(num_str)``. This can be used to use another datatype or parser
+    for JSON floats (e.g. :class:`decimal.Decimal`).
+
+    *parse_int*, if specified, will be called with the string of every
+    JSON int to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to
+    ``int(num_str)``.  This can be used to use another datatype or parser
+    for JSON integers (e.g. :class:`float`).
+
+    *allow_nan*, if True (default false), will allow the parser to
+    accept the non-standard floats ``NaN``, ``Infinity``, and ``-Infinity``
+    and enable the use of the deprecated *parse_constant*.
+
+    If *use_decimal* is true (default: ``False``) then it implies
+    parse_float=decimal.Decimal for parity with ``dump``.
+
+    *parse_constant*, if specified, will be
+    called with one of the following strings: ``'-Infinity'``,
+    ``'Infinity'``, ``'NaN'``. It is not recommended to use this feature,
+    as it is rare to parse non-compliant JSON containing these values.
+
+    To use a custom ``JSONDecoder`` subclass, specify it with the ``cls``
+    kwarg. NOTE: You should use *object_hook* or *object_pairs_hook* instead
+    of subclassing whenever possible.
+
+    """
+    return loads(fp.read(),
+        encoding=encoding, cls=cls, object_hook=object_hook,
+        parse_float=parse_float, parse_int=parse_int,
+        parse_constant=parse_constant, object_pairs_hook=object_pairs_hook,
+        use_decimal=use_decimal, allow_nan=allow_nan, **kw)
+
+
+def loads(s, encoding=None, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None,
+        parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, object_pairs_hook=None,
+        use_decimal=False, allow_nan=False, **kw):
+    """Deserialize ``s`` (a ``str`` or ``unicode`` instance containing a JSON
+    document) to a Python object.
+
+    *encoding* determines the encoding used to interpret any
+    :class:`bytes` objects decoded by this instance (``'utf-8'`` by
+    default). It has no effect when decoding :class:`unicode` objects.
+
+    *object_hook*, if specified, will be called with the result of every
+    JSON object decoded and its return value will be used in place of the
+    given :class:`dict`.  This can be used to provide custom
+    deserializations (e.g. to support JSON-RPC class hinting).
+
+    *object_pairs_hook* is an optional function that will be called with
+    the result of any object literal decode with an ordered list of pairs.
+    The return value of *object_pairs_hook* will be used instead of the
+    :class:`dict`.  This feature can be used to implement custom decoders
+    that rely on the order that the key and value pairs are decoded (for
+    example, :func:`collections.OrderedDict` will remember the order of
+    insertion). If *object_hook* is also defined, the *object_pairs_hook*
+    takes priority.
+
+    *parse_float*, if specified, will be called with the string of every
+    JSON float to be decoded.  By default, this is equivalent to
+    ``float(num_str)``. This can be used to use another datatype or parser
+    for JSON floats (e.g. :class:`decimal.Decimal`).
+
+    *parse_int*, if specified, will be called with the string of every
+    JSON int to be decoded.  By default, this is equivalent to
+    ``int(num_str)``.  This can be used to use another datatype or parser
+    for JSON integers (e.g. :class:`float`).
+
+    *allow_nan*, if True (default false), will allow the parser to
+    accept the non-standard floats ``NaN``, ``Infinity``, and ``-Infinity``
+    and enable the use of the deprecated *parse_constant*.
+
+    If *use_decimal* is true (default: ``False``) then it implies
+    parse_float=decimal.Decimal for parity with ``dump``.
+
+    *parse_constant*, if specified, will be
+    called with one of the following strings: ``'-Infinity'``,
+    ``'Infinity'``, ``'NaN'``. It is not recommended to use this feature,
+    as it is rare to parse non-compliant JSON containing these values.
+
+    To use a custom ``JSONDecoder`` subclass, specify it with the ``cls``
+    kwarg. NOTE: You should use *object_hook* or *object_pairs_hook* instead
+    of subclassing whenever possible.
+
+    """
+    if (cls is None and encoding is None and object_hook is None and
+            parse_int is None and parse_float is None and
+            parse_constant is None and object_pairs_hook is None
+            and not use_decimal and not allow_nan and not kw):
+        return _default_decoder.decode(s)
+    if cls is None:
+        cls = JSONDecoder
+    if object_hook is not None:
+        kw['object_hook'] = object_hook
+    if object_pairs_hook is not None:
+        kw['object_pairs_hook'] = object_pairs_hook
+    if parse_float is not None:
+        kw['parse_float'] = parse_float
+    if parse_int is not None:
+        kw['parse_int'] = parse_int
+    if parse_constant is not None:
+        kw['parse_constant'] = parse_constant
+    if use_decimal:
+        if parse_float is not None:
+            raise TypeError("use_decimal=True implies parse_float=Decimal")
+        kw['parse_float'] = Decimal
+    if allow_nan:
+        kw['allow_nan'] = True
+    return cls(encoding=encoding, **kw).decode(s)
+
+
+def _toggle_speedups(enabled):
+    from . import decoder as dec
+    from . import encoder as enc
+    from . import scanner as scan
+    c_make_encoder = _import_c_make_encoder()
+    if enabled:
+        dec.scanstring = dec.c_scanstring or dec.py_scanstring
+        enc.c_make_encoder = c_make_encoder
+        enc.encode_basestring_ascii = (enc.c_encode_basestring_ascii or
+            enc.py_encode_basestring_ascii)
+        scan.make_scanner = scan.c_make_scanner or scan.py_make_scanner
+    else:
+        dec.scanstring = dec.py_scanstring
+        enc.c_make_encoder = None
+        enc.encode_basestring_ascii = enc.py_encode_basestring_ascii
+        scan.make_scanner = scan.py_make_scanner
+    dec.make_scanner = scan.make_scanner
+    global _default_decoder
+    _default_decoder = JSONDecoder()
+    global _default_encoder
+    _default_encoder = JSONEncoder()
+
+def simple_first(kv):
+    """Helper function to pass to item_sort_key to sort simple
+    elements to the top, then container elements.
+    """
+    return (isinstance(kv[1], (list, dict, tuple)), kv[0])

simplejson/compat.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+"""Python 3 compatibility shims
+"""
+import sys
+if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
+    PY3 = False
+    def b(s):
+        return s
+    try:
+        from cStringIO import StringIO
+    except ImportError:
+        from StringIO import StringIO
+    BytesIO = StringIO
+    text_type = unicode
+    binary_type = str
+    string_types = (basestring,)
+    integer_types = (int, long)
+    unichr = unichr
+    reload_module = reload
+else:
+    PY3 = True
+    if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 4):
+        from importlib import reload as reload_module
+    else:
+        from imp import reload as reload_module
+    def b(s):
+        return bytes(s, 'latin1')
+    from io import StringIO, BytesIO
+    text_type = str
+    binary_type = bytes
+    string_types = (str,)
+    integer_types = (int,)
+    unichr = chr
+
+long_type = integer_types[-1]