siat 2.10.13__py3-none-any.whl → 2.11.2__py3-none-any.whl

siat/valuation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,948 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+本模块功能：投资组合的风险调整收益率教学插件
+所属工具包：证券投资分析工具SIAT 
+SIAT：Security Investment Analysis Tool
+创建日期：2023年11月30日
+最新修订日期：2023年11月30日
+作者：王德宏 (WANG Dehong, Peter)
+作者单位：北京外国语大学国际商学院
+作者邮件：wdehong2000@163.com
+版权所有：王德宏
+用途限制：仅限研究与教学使用！
+特别声明：作者不对使用本工具进行证券投资导致的任何损益负责！
+"""
+
+#==============================================================================
+#关闭所有警告
+import warnings; warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
+#==============================================================================
+from siat.common import *
+from siat.translate import *
+from siat.stock import *
+from siat.security_prices import *
+from siat.sector_china import *
+from siat.grafix import *
+
+import pandas as pd
+import akshare as ak
+
+import datetime as dt; todaydt=str(dt.date.today())
+#==============================================================================
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    ticker='PZU.PL'
+    ticker='PZU.WA'
+    
+    indicators='pe'
+    indicators=['pe','pb']
+    indicators=['pe','pb','mv']
+    
+    start='2023-1-1'; end='2023-11-30'
+    
+    df_pl=get_stock_valuation_pl(ticker,indicators,start,end)
+    
+def get_stock_valuation_pl(ticker,indicators,start,end):
+    """
+    功能：抓取一只波兰股票估值信息pe/pb/mv
+    """
+    currency='PLN'
+    million=1000000
+    kilo=1000
+    # 判断是否波兰股票
+    ticker1=ticker.upper()
+    result,prefix,suffix=split_prefix_suffix(ticker1)
+    if (not result) or (suffix not in ['PL','WA']):
+        return None
+    iname=codetranslate(ticker)
+    
+    if isinstance(indicators,str):
+        indicators=[indicators]
+    
+    indicators1=[]
+    for i in indicators:
+        indicators1=indicators1+[i.upper()]
+
+    #屏蔽函数内print信息输出的类
+    import os, sys
+    class HiddenPrints:
+        def __enter__(self):
+            self._original_stdout = sys.stdout
+            sys.stdout = open(os.devnull, 'w')
+
+        def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+            sys.stdout.close()
+            sys.stdout = self._original_stdout
+
+    df=None        
+    for i in indicators1:
+        t=prefix+'_'+i+'.PL'
+        with HiddenPrints():
+            dft=get_price(t,start,end)
+        if dft is None: 
+            print("  #Warning(get_stock_valuation_pl): failed to retrieve",t)
+            continue
+    
+        dft['ticker']=ticker1
+        dft['name']=iname
+        dft['currency']='CNY'
+        
+        if i=='MV':
+            #dft[i]=dft['Close'] * million
+            dft[i]=dft['Close'] / kilo
+        else:
+            dft[i]=dft['Close']
+            
+        dft1=dft[[i,'name','currency']]
+        
+        if df is None:
+            df=dft1
+        else:
+            #df=pd.merge(df,dft1,how='inner',left_index=True,right_index=True)
+            df=pd.merge(df,dft1,how='outer',left_index=True,right_index=True)
+    
+    # 去掉多余的name/currency重复列
+    if df is None: return None
+    collist=list(df)
+    if not (('name' in collist) and ('currency' in collist)):
+        df.rename(columns={'name_x':'name','currency_x':'currency'},inplace=True)
+
+    collist=list(df)
+    collist1=[]
+    for c in collist:
+        if "_" not in c:
+            collist1=collist1+[c]        
+
+    df1=df[collist1]
+    
+    return df1    
+
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    ticker='JD'
+    
+    indicators='pe'
+    indicators=['pe','pb']
+    indicators=['pe','pb','mv']
+    
+    start='2023-1-1'; end='2023-11-30'
+    
+    df_us=get_stock_valuation_us(ticker,indicators,start,end)
+    
+def get_stock_valuation_us(ticker,indicators,start,end):
+    """
+    功能：抓取一只美股股票估值信息pe/pb/mv
+    """
+    currency='USD'
+    million=1000000
+    kilo=1000
+    
+    # 判断是否美股股票
+    ticker1=ticker.upper()
+    result,prefix,suffix=split_prefix_suffix(ticker1)
+    if result or suffix != '': # 非美股
+        return None
+    iname=codetranslate(ticker)
+    
+    if isinstance(indicators,str):
+        indicators=[indicators]
+    
+    indicators1=[]
+    for i in indicators:
+        indicators1=indicators1+[i.upper()]
+
+    #屏蔽函数内print信息输出的类
+    import os, sys
+    class HiddenPrints:
+        def __enter__(self):
+            self._original_stdout = sys.stdout
+            sys.stdout = open(os.devnull, 'w')
+
+        def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+            sys.stdout.close()
+            sys.stdout = self._original_stdout
+
+    df=None        
+    for i in indicators1:
+        t=prefix+'_'+i+'.US'
+        with HiddenPrints():
+            dft=get_price(t,start,end)
+        if dft is None: 
+            print("  #Warning(get_stock_valuation_us): failed to retrieve",t)
+            continue
+            
+        dft['ticker']=ticker1
+        dft['name']=iname
+        dft['currency']='CNY'
+        
+        if i=='MV':
+            #dft[i]=dft['Close'] * million
+            dft[i]=dft['Close'] / kilo
+        else:
+            dft[i]=dft['Close']
+        dft1=dft[[i,'name','currency']]
+        
+        if df is None:
+            df=dft1
+        else:
+            df=pd.merge(df,dft1,how='outer',left_index=True,right_index=True)
+    
+    # 去掉多余的name/currency重复列
+    if df is None: return None    
+    collist=list(df)
+    if not (('name' in collist) and ('currency' in collist)):
+        df.rename(columns={'name_x':'name','currency_x':'currency'},inplace=True)
+
+    collist=list(df)
+    collist1=[]
+    for c in collist:
+        if "_" not in c:
+            collist1=collist1+[c]        
+
+    df1=df[collist1]
+    
+    return df1 
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    ticker='600519.SS'
+    ticker='002504.SZ'
+    ticker='835579.BJ'
+    ticker='00700.HK'
+    
+    indicators='pe'
+    indicators=['pe','pb']
+    indicators=['pe','pb','mv']
+    
+    start='2023-1-1'; end='2023-11-30'
+    
+    df_cnhk=get_stock_valuation_cn_hk(ticker,indicators,start,end)
+    
+def get_stock_valuation_cn_hk(ticker,indicators,start,end):
+    """
+    功能：抓取一只A股或港股股票估值信息pe/pb/mv
+    """
+    result,startdt,enddt=check_period(start,end)
+    
+    yi=100000000
+    ten=10
+    # 判断是否A股或港股股票
+    ticker1=ticker.upper()
+    result,prefix,suffix=split_prefix_suffix(ticker1)
+    if (not result) or (suffix not in ['SS','SZ','BJ','HK']):
+        return None
+    iname=codetranslate(ticker)
+    
+    if suffix in ['SS','SZ','BJ']: currency='CNY'
+    else: currency='HKD'
+    
+    if isinstance(indicators,str):
+        indicators=[indicators]
+    
+    indicators1=[]
+    for i in indicators:
+        indicators1=indicators1+[i.upper()]
+
+    #屏蔽函数内print信息输出的类
+    import os, sys
+    class HiddenPrints:
+        def __enter__(self):
+            self._original_stdout = sys.stdout
+            sys.stdout = open(os.devnull, 'w')
+
+        def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+            sys.stdout.close()
+            sys.stdout = self._original_stdout
+
+    # 评估时间间隔: 取样日期间隔长短不同，必须做
+    delta=date_delta(start,end)
+    if delta <= 365:
+        period="近一年"
+    elif delta <= 365*3:
+        period="近三年"
+    elif delta <= 365*5:
+        period="近五年"
+    elif delta <= 365*10:
+        period="近十年"  
+    else:
+        period="全部"
+
+    indicator_list_en=['PE','PB','MV','PCF']
+    indicator_list_cn=['市盈率(TTM)','市净率','总市值','市现率']
+    # 市现率PCF=股价 / 每股现金流
+    # 市销率PS或PSR=股价 / 每股销售额
+    df=None       
+    for i in indicators1:
+        pos=indicator_list_en.index(i)
+        t=indicator_list_cn[pos]
+        """
+        with HiddenPrints():
+            if suffix in ['SS','SZ','BJ']:
+                dft=ak.stock_zh_valuation_baidu(symbol=prefix,indicator=t,period=period)
+            elif suffix in ['HK']:
+                dft=ak.stock_hk_valuation_baidu(symbol=prefix,indicator=t,period=period)
+        """
+        try:
+            if suffix in ['SS','SZ','BJ']:
+                dft=ak.stock_zh_valuation_baidu(symbol=prefix,indicator=t,period=period)
+            elif suffix in ['HK']:
+                dft=ak.stock_hk_valuation_baidu(symbol=prefix,indicator=t,period=period)
+        except:
+            print("  #Warning(get_stock_valuation_cn_hk): failed to retrieve",i,"for",prefix)
+            continue
+        
+        dft['Date']=dft['date'].apply(lambda x: pd.to_datetime(x))
+        dft.set_index('Date',inplace=True)
+        dft['ticker']=ticker1
+        dft['name']=iname
+        dft['currency']='CNY'        
+        if i=='MV':
+            #dft[i]=dft['value'] * yi
+            dft[i]=dft['value'] / ten
+        else:
+            dft[i]=dft['value']
+        dftp=dft[(dft.index >= startdt) & (dft.index <= enddt)]
+        dft1=dftp[[i,'name','currency']]
+        
+        if df is None:
+            df=dft1
+        else:
+            df=pd.merge(df,dft1,how='outer',left_index=True,right_index=True)
+    
+    # 去掉多余的name/currency重复列
+    if df is None: return None    
+    collist=list(df)
+    if not (('name' in collist) and ('currency' in collist)):
+        df.rename(columns={'name_x':'name','currency_x':'currency'},inplace=True)
+
+    collist=list(df)
+    collist1=[]
+    for c in collist:
+        if "_" not in c:
+            collist1=collist1+[c]        
+
+    df1=df[collist1]
+    
+    return df1 
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    ticker='光伏设备(申万)'
+    ticker='中证500'
+    ticker='801735.SW'
+    
+    indicators='pe'
+    indicators=['pe','pb','div yield']
+    indicators=['pe','pb']
+    
+    start='2023-1-1'; end='2023-11-30'
+    
+    df_index=get_index_valuation_funddb(ticker,indicators,start,end)
+    
+def get_index_valuation_funddb(ticker,indicators,start,end):
+    """
+    功能：抓取一个申万或中证行业估值信息pe/pb/dividend(股息率)
+    """
+    result,startdt,enddt=check_period(start,end)
+    
+    # 判断是否申万或中证股票
+    ticker1=ticker.upper()
+    result,prefix,suffix=split_prefix_suffix(ticker1)
+    if result and suffix in ['SW']:
+        iname=industry_sw_name(prefix)+"(申万)"
+    else:
+        iname=ticker1
+    
+    if isinstance(indicators,str):
+        indicators=[indicators]
+    
+    indicators1=[]
+    for i in indicators:
+        indicators1=indicators1+[i.upper()]
+
+    indicator_list_en=['PE','PB','DIV YIELD']
+    indicator_list_cn=['市盈率','市净率','股息率']
+    indicators2=[]
+    for i in indicators1:
+        if i in indicator_list_en:
+            indicators2=indicators2+[i]
+
+    #屏蔽函数内print信息输出的类
+    import os, sys
+    class HiddenPrints:
+        def __enter__(self):
+            self._original_stdout = sys.stdout
+            sys.stdout = open(os.devnull, 'w')
+
+        def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+            sys.stdout.close()
+            sys.stdout = self._original_stdout
+
+    # 股息率=每股股利 / 股价
+    df=None       
+    for i in indicators2:
+        pos=indicator_list_en.index(i)
+        t=indicator_list_cn[pos]
+        try:
+            with HiddenPrints():
+                dft=ak.index_value_hist_funddb(symbol=iname,indicator=t)
+        except:
+            print("  #Error(get_industry_valuation_sw_zz): failed to retrieve info for industry",ticker)
+            industry_list=list(ak.index_value_name_funddb()['指数名称'])
+            industry_sw=[]
+            industry_zz=[]
+            industry_gz=[]
+            industry_others=[]
+            for i in industry_list:
+                if '(申万)' in i:
+                    industry_sw=industry_sw+[i]
+                elif '中证' in i:
+                    industry_zz=industry_zz+[i]
+                elif '国证' in i:
+                    industry_gz=industry_gz+[i] 
+                else:
+                    industry_others=industry_others+[i]
+            print("  Supported industry indexes:")
+            printlist(industry_sw,numperline=5,beforehand='  ',separator=' ')
+            printlist(industry_zz,numperline=5,beforehand='  ',separator=' ')
+            printlist(industry_gz,numperline=5,beforehand='  ',separator=' ')
+            printlist(industry_others,numperline=5,beforehand='  ',separator=' ')
+            
+            return None
+        
+        if dft is None: continue
+        
+        dft['Date']=dft['日期'].apply(lambda x: pd.to_datetime(x))
+        dft.set_index('Date',inplace=True)
+        dft['name']=iname
+        dft['currency']=''
+        dft[i]=dft[t]
+        dftp=dft[(dft.index >= startdt) & (dft.index <= enddt)]
+        
+        dft1=dftp[[i,'name','currency']]
+        """
+        if not (dft1 is None):
+            columns=create_tuple_for_columns(dft1,iname)
+            dft1.columns=pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(columns)        
+        """
+        if df is None:
+            df=dft1
+        else:
+            df=pd.merge(df,dft1,how='outer',left_index=True,right_index=True)
+    
+    # 去掉多余的name/currency重复列
+    if df is None: return None    
+    collist=list(df)
+    if not (('name' in collist) and ('currency' in collist)):
+        df.rename(columns={'name_x':'name','currency_x':'currency'},inplace=True)
+
+    collist=list(df)
+    collist1=[]
+    for c in collist:
+        if "_" not in c:
+            collist1=collist1+[c]        
+
+    df1=df[collist1]
+    
+    return df1 
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    print(is_alphanumeric("abc123"))   # True
+    print(is_alphanumeric("abcd123!"))  # False
+    print(is_alphanumeric("1234567890")) # True
+    print(is_alphanumeric("Hello World")) # False
+    print(is_alphanumeric("中证500"))
+ 
+def is_alphanumeric(string):
+    import re
+    pattern = r'^[a-zA-Z0-9]+$' # 定义正则表达式模式
+    
+    if re.match(pattern, string):
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    code='H30533.ZZ'
+    code='801730.SW'
+    
+    funddb_name(code)
+    
+
+def funddb_name(code):
+    """
+    翻译指数代码为韭圈儿名称。指数估值专用！
+    输入：指数代码。输出：韭圈儿指数名称
+    """
+    import pandas as pd
+    ecdict=pd.DataFrame([
+        
+        # 申万行业/主题指数
+        ['801735.SW','光伏设备(申万)'],
+        ['801730.SW','电力设备(申万)'],
+        ['801780.SW','银行(申万)'],
+        ['801740.SW','国防军工(申万)'],
+        ['801720.SW','建筑装饰(申万)'],
+        ['801110.SW','家用电器(申万)'],
+        ['801102.SW','通信设备(申万)'],
+        ['801194.SW','保险Ⅱ(申万)'],
+        ['801770.SW','通信(申万)'],
+        ['801050.SW','有色金属(申万)'],
+        ['801812.SW','中盘指数(申万)'],
+        ['801152.SW','生物制品(申万)'],
+        ['801811.SW','大盘指数(申万)'],
+        ['801970.SW','环保(申万)'],
+        ['801120.SW','食品饮料(申万)'],
+        ['801170.SW','交通运输(申万)'],
+        ['801150.SW','医药生物(申万)'],
+        ['801980.SW','美容护理(申万)'],
+        ['801160.SW','公用事业(申万)'],
+        ['801950.SW','煤炭(申万)'],
+        ['801151.SW','化学制药(申万)'],
+        ['801130.SW','纺织服饰(申万)'],
+        ['801960.SW','石油石化(申万)'],
+        ['801890.SW','机械设备(申万)'],
+        ['801790.SW','非银金融(申万)'],
+        ['801813.SW','小盘指数(申万)'],
+        ['801030.SW','基础化工(申万)'],
+        ['801193.SW','券商Ⅱ(申万)'],
+        ['801210.SW','社会服务(申万)'],
+        ['801140.SW','轻工制造(申万)'],
+        ['801760.SW','传媒(申万)'],
+        ['801710.SW','建筑材料(申万)'],
+        ['801080.SW','电子(申万)'],
+        ['801040.SW','钢铁(申万)'],
+        ['801200.SW','商贸零售(申万)'],        
+        ['801017.SW','养殖业(申万)'],        
+        ['801180.SW','房地产(申万)'],        
+        ['801230.SW','综合(申万)'],
+        ['801010.SW','农林牧渔(申万)'],
+        ['801880.SW','汽车(申万)'],
+        ['801736.SW','风电设备(申万)'],
+        ['801750.SW','计算机(申万)'],
+
+        # 沪深交易所行业指数
+        ['399976.SZ','CS新能车'],
+        ['399995.SZ','中证基建工程'],
+        ['399812.SZ','养老产业'],
+        ['000986.SS','全指能源'],        
+        ['399986.SZ','中证银行'],        
+        ['000992.SS','全指金融地产'],        
+        ['000991.SS','全指医药'],        
+        ['399285.SZ','物联网50'],        
+        ['399997.SZ','中证白酒'],        
+
+        ['000987.SS','全指材料'],
+        ['000993.SS','全指信息'],
+        ['399610.SZ','TMT50'],
+        ['399975.SZ','证券公司'],        
+        ['399804.SZ','中证体育'],        
+        ['000992.SS','全指金融地产'],        
+        ['000991.SS','全指医药'],        
+        ['399285.SZ','物联网50'],        
+        ['399997.SZ','中证白酒'], 
+        
+        # 中证行业指数
+        ['H30533.ZZ','中国互联网50'],
+        ['931151.ZZ','光伏产业'],
+        ['930614.ZZ','环保50'],
+        ['000812.ZZ','细分机械'],
+        ['931755.ZZ','SEEE碳中和'],
+        ['931719.ZZ','CS电池'],
+        ['930771.ZZ','中证新能源'],
+        ['930697.ZZ','家用电器'],
+        ['000994.ZZ','全指通信'],
+        ['931160.ZZ','通信设备'],
+        
+        ['930820.ZZ','CS高端制'],          
+        ['000811.ZZ','细分有色'],  
+        ['930632.ZZ','CS稀金属'],  
+        ['000986.SS','全指能源'],  
+        ['930716.ZZ','CS物流'],  
+        ['000990.ZZ','全指消费'],  
+        ['930726.ZZ','CS生医'],  
+        ['930712.ZZ','CS物联网'],  
+        ['930598.ZZ','稀土产业'],  
+        ['H30178.ZZ','医疗保健'],  
+        
+        ['931079.ZZ','5G通信'],  
+        ['931456.ZZ','中国教育'],  
+        ['931484.ZZ','CS医药创新'],  
+        ['H30217.ZZ','医疗器械'],  
+        ['H30205.ZZ','饮料指数'],          
+        ['000995.ZZ','全指公用'],  
+        ['000813.ZZ','细分化工'],  
+        ['930651.ZZ','CS计算机'],  
+        ['H30199.ZZ','中证全指电力指数'],  
+        ['930652.ZZ','CS电子'],#中证电子指数
+        
+        ['H30202.ZZ','软件指数'],  
+        ['931009.ZZ','建筑材料'],  
+        ['930713.ZZ','CS人工智'],  
+        ['h30184.ZZ','中证全指半导体'],  
+        ['000949.ZZ','中证农业'],   
+        ['931775.ZZ','中证全指房地产'],  
+
+        
+        # 主要市场通用指数
+        ['399006.SZ','创业板指'],#创业板指数
+        ['^FTSE','英国富时100'],
+        ['^HSI','恒生指数'],
+        ['000009.SS','上证380'],
+        ['^CAC','法国CAC40'],
+        ['^RTS','俄罗斯RTS'],
+        ['399102.SZ','创业板综'],#创业板综合指数
+        ['^VN30','胡志明指数'],
+        ['000010.SS','上证180'],
+        ['000300.SS','沪深300'],
+        
+        ['000906.SS','中证800'],
+        ['399330.SZ','深证100'],
+        ['^BSESN','印度SENSEX30'],
+        ['399001.SZ','深证成指'],
+        ['000905.SS','中证500'],
+        ['000001.SS','上证指数'],
+        ['000016.SS','上证50'],
+        ['000852.SS','中证1000'],
+        ['^N225','日经225'],
+        ['399303.SZ','国证2000'],        
+        
+        ['000903.SS','中证100'],
+        ['^SPX','标普500'],['^GSPC','标普500'],
+        ['899050.BJ','北证50'],
+        ['^KS11','韩国综合指数'],
+        ['^DJI','道琼斯工业指数'],
+        ['^NDX','纳斯达克100'],
+        ['932000.ZZ','中证2000'],#中证规模指数系列
+        ['^AXAT','澳洲标普200'],#澳大利亚标普200指数
+        
+        ], columns=['eword','cword'])
+
+    try:
+        cword=ecdict[ecdict['eword']==code]['cword'].values[0]
+    except:
+        #未查到代码名称，返回原代码
+        cword=code
+   
+    return cword
+#==============================================================================
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    tickers='PZU.PL'
+    tickers='JD'
+    tickers='600519.SS'
+    tickers='00700.HK'
+    tickers='光伏设备(申万)'
+    tickers='中证500'
+    tickers='801735.SW'
+    
+    tickers=['PZU.PL','WIG.PL']
+    tickers=['PZU.PL','JD','600519.SS','00700.HK','801735.SW','光伏设备(申万)','中证500']
+    
+    indicators='pe'
+    indicators=['pe','pb']
+    indicators=['pe','pb','mv']
+    
+    start='2023-1-1'; end='2023-11-30'
+    
+    df_mix=get_valuation(tickers,indicators,start,end)
+
+def get_valuation(tickers,indicators,start,end):
+    """
+    功能：获取估值信息pe/pb/mv
+    若tickers为多个，则indicators取第一个
+    若tickers为单个，则indicators取所有
+    """
+    
+    if isinstance(tickers,str):
+        tickers=[tickers]
+
+    # 若遇到指数，先转换为韭圈儿的行业名称，以免被误认为股票代码
+    tickers1=[]
+    for t in tickers:
+        t1=funddb_name(t)
+        tickers1=tickers1+[t1]
+        
+    if isinstance(indicators,str):
+        indicators=[indicators]
+
+    # 若为多个证券代码，则仅取第一个指标        
+    if len(tickers)>1:
+        indicators1=[indicators[0]]
+    else:
+        indicators1=indicators
+    
+    # 百度股市百事通不支持指数估值，遇到指数代码需要先转为名称获取韭圈儿估值数据
+    
+    
+    df=None
+    for t in tickers1:
+        print("  Searchng valuation info for",t,"......")
+        t1=t.upper()
+        result,prefix,suffix=split_prefix_suffix(t1)
+        iname=codetranslate(t1)
+        
+        gotit=False
+        # A股或港股？
+        if not gotit and (result and suffix in ['SS','SZ','BJ','HK']):        
+            dft=get_stock_valuation_cn_hk(t1,indicators1,start,end)
+            if dft is not None: gotit=True
+        
+        # 波兰股？
+        if not gotit and (result and suffix in ['PL','WA']):
+            dft=get_stock_valuation_pl(t1,indicators1,start,end)
+            if dft is not None: gotit=True
+
+        # 申万指数代码？
+        if not gotit and (result and suffix in ['SW']):
+            dft=get_index_valuation_funddb(t1,indicators1,start,end)
+            if dft is not None: 
+                gotit=True 
+                iname=industry_sw_name(t1)
+              
+        # 美股？
+        if not gotit and (not result and (is_alphanumeric(prefix) or '^' in prefix)):
+            dft=get_stock_valuation_us(t1,indicators1,start,end)
+            if dft is not None: gotit=True
+            
+       # 行业指数名称？     
+        if not gotit and (not result):
+           dft=get_index_valuation_funddb(t1,indicators1,start,end)
+           if dft is not None: gotit=True
+           
+        if not gotit:
+           print("  #Warning(get_valuation): failed to retrieve info for",t1)
+           continue
+       
+        if not (dft is None):
+            columns=create_tuple_for_columns(dft,iname)
+            dft.columns=pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(columns)  
+        
+        # 合成    
+        if df is None:
+            df=dft
+        else:
+            #df=pd.merge(df,dft,how='inner',left_index=True,right_index=True)
+            df=pd.merge(df,dft,how='outer',left_index=True,right_index=True)
+    
+    # 缺失值填充
+    if not (df is None):
+        #df.fillna(method='backfill',inplace=True)
+        df.fillna(method='ffill',inplace=True)
+    
+    return df
+
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    tickers='PZU.PL'
+    indicators='PE'
+    start='2023-1-1'; end='2023-11-30'
+    loc1='best'
+    
+    tickers='PZU.PL'
+    indicators=['PE','PB']
+    start='2023-1-1'; end='2023-11-30'
+    twinx=True
+    loc1='lower left'; loc2='upper right'
+    
+    tickers=['JD','PDD']
+    indicators='PE'
+    start='2023-1-1'; end='2023-11-30'
+    twinx=True
+    loc1='lower left'; loc2='upper right'
+    
+    tickers=['600519.SS','000858.SZ']
+    indicators='PE'
+    start='2023-1-1'; end='2023-11-30'
+    twinx=True
+    loc1='lower left'; loc2='upper right'
+    
+    tickers=['JD','PDD','BABA']
+    indicators='PE'
+    start='2023-1-1'; end='2023-11-30'
+    loc1='best'
+    
+    tickers='JD'
+    indicators=['PE','PB','MV']
+    start='2023-1-1'; end='2023-11-30'
+    loc1='best'
+
+def security_valuation(tickers,indicators,start,end, \
+                       twinx=False,loc1='best',loc2='best', \
+                       graph=True,annotate=False):
+    """
+    功能：绘制估值走势
+    """
+    
+    # 获取估值信息
+    df=get_valuation(tickers,indicators,start,end)
+    if df is None:
+        print("  #Warning(security_valuation): retrieved none of",indicators,"for",tickers)
+        return None
+
+    if not graph: return df
+
+    # 判断估值信息结构
+    names=[]
+    indicators=[]
+    
+    mcollist=list(df)
+    for mc in mcollist:
+        if mc[0] not in ['name','currency']:
+            indicators=indicators+[mc[0]]
+            names=names+[mc[1]]
+    
+    names1=list(set(names))
+    indicators1=list(set(indicators))
+    
+    name_num=len(names1)
+    indicator_num=len(indicators1)
+
+    import datetime
+    # 绘制一条线+均值/中位数虚线
+    if name_num * indicator_num == 1:
+        i=indicators1[0]
+        t=names1[0]
+        df2=df[i]
+        df2.rename(columns={t:i},inplace=True)
+        
+        df2['平均值']=df2[i].mean()
+        df2['中位数']=df2[i].median()
+        
+        titletxt="证券估值走势："+t   
+        
+        footnote1="注：PE为市盈率，PB为市净率，MV为总市值(十亿交易所所在地货币单位)"
+        todaydt = datetime.date.today()
+        footnote9="数据来源: baidu/stooq/funddb/swhysc，"+str(todaydt)
+        footnote=footnote1+'\n'+footnote9
+        
+        ylabeltxt=i
+        
+        draw_lines(df2,y_label=ylabeltxt,x_label=footnote, \
+                   axhline_value=0,axhline_label='', \
+                   title_txt=titletxt,data_label=False, \
+                   resample_freq='D',loc=loc1)        
+        
+        return df
+        
+    # 绘制双线: 一只证券，两个指标。允许twinx双轴绘图
+    if name_num == 1 and indicator_num == 2: 
+        t=names1[0]
+        i1=indicators1[0]; i2=indicators1[1]
+        df2_1=df[i1]; df2_2=df[i2]
+        df2_1.rename(columns={t:i1},inplace=True)
+        df2_2.rename(columns={t:i2},inplace=True)
+        
+        titletxt="证券估值走势对比："+t   
+        
+        footnote1="注：PE为市盈率，PB为市净率，MV为总市值(十亿交易所所在地货币单位)"
+        todaydt = datetime.date.today()
+        footnote9="数据来源: baidu/stooq/funddb/swhysc，"+str(todaydt)
+        footnote=footnote1+'\n'+footnote9
+        
+        colname1=label1=i1
+        colname2=label2=i2
+        
+        plot_line2(df2_1,'',colname1,label1, \
+                   df2_2,'',colname2,label2, \
+                   ylabeltxt='',titletxt=titletxt,footnote=footnote, \
+                   twinx=twinx, \
+                   resample_freq='D',loc1=loc1,loc2=loc2, \
+                   color1='red',color2='blue')
+        return df
+   
+    # 绘制双线: 两只证券，一个指标。允许twinx双轴绘图
+    if name_num == 2 and indicator_num == 1:
+        t1=names1[0]; t2=names1[1]
+        i=indicators1[0]
+        df2_1=pd.DataFrame(df[i,t1])[i]; df2_2=pd.DataFrame(df[i,t2])[i]
+        df2_1.rename(columns={t1:i},inplace=True)
+        df2_2.rename(columns={t2:i},inplace=True)
+        
+        titletxt="证券估值走势对比："+i   
+        
+        footnote1="注：PE为市盈率，PB为市净率，MV为总市值(十亿交易所所在地货币单位)"
+        todaydt = datetime.date.today()
+        footnote9="数据来源: baidu/stooq/funddb/swhysc，"+str(todaydt)
+        footnote=footnote1+'\n'+footnote9
+        
+        colname1=i; label1=t1
+        colname2=i; label2=t2
+        
+        if twinx:
+            ylabeltxt=''
+        else:
+            ylabeltxt=i
+        
+        plot_line2(df2_1,'',colname1,label1, \
+                   df2_2,'',colname2,label2, \
+                   ylabeltxt=ylabeltxt,titletxt=titletxt,footnote=footnote, \
+                   twinx=twinx, \
+                   resample_freq='D',loc1=loc1,loc2=loc2, \
+                   color1='red',color2='blue')
+
+        return df                
+   
+    # 绘制多线：多只证券，一个指标。简单多线绘图
+    if name_num > 2 and indicator_num == 1: 
+        i=indicators1[0]
+        df2=df[i]
+        
+        titletxt="证券估值走势："+i   
+        
+        footnote1="注：PE为市盈率，PB为市净率，MV为总市值(十亿交易所所在地货币单位)"
+        todaydt = datetime.date.today()
+        footnote9="数据来源: baidu/stooq/funddb/swhysc，"+str(todaydt)
+        footnote=footnote1+'\n'+footnote9
+        
+        ylabeltxt=i
+        
+        draw_lines(df2,y_label=ylabeltxt,x_label=footnote, \
+                   axhline_value=0,axhline_label='', \
+                   title_txt=titletxt,data_label=False, \
+                   resample_freq='D',loc=loc1,annotate=annotate)        
+        
+        return df        
+   
+    # 绘制多线：一只证券，多个指标。简单多线绘图
+    if name_num == 1 and indicator_num > 2: 
+        t=names1[0]
+        df2=None
+        for i in indicators1:
+            dft=pd.DataFrame(df[i,t])[i]
+            dft.rename(columns={t:i},inplace=True)
+            
+            if df2 is None:
+                df2=dft
+            else:
+                df2=pd.merge(df2,dft,left_index=True,right_index=True)
+        
+        titletxt="证券估值走势："+t   
+        
+        footnote1="注：PE为市盈率，PB为市净率，MV为总市值(十亿交易所所在地货币单位)"
+        todaydt = datetime.date.today()
+        footnote9="数据来源: baidu/stooq/funddb/swhysc，"+str(todaydt)
+        footnote=footnote1+'\n'+footnote9
+        
+        ylabeltxt=''
+        
+        draw_lines(df2,y_label=ylabeltxt,x_label=footnote, \
+                   axhline_value=0,axhline_label='', \
+                   title_txt=titletxt,data_label=False, \
+                   resample_freq='D',loc=loc1,annotate=annotate)        
+        
+        return df 
+                
+        
+        
+#==============================================================================
+#==============================================================================
+#==============================================================================
+#==============================================================================
+#==============================================================================
+