scikit-survival 0.26.0__cp314-cp314-win_amd64.whl

sksurv/meta/stacking.py

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+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+import numpy as np
+from sklearn.base import MetaEstimatorMixin, clone
+from sklearn.utils._param_validation import HasMethods
+from sklearn.utils.metaestimators import _BaseComposition, available_if
+
+from ..base import SurvivalAnalysisMixin
+from ..util import property_available_if
+
+
+def _meta_estimator_has(attr):
+    """Check that meta_estimator has `attr`.
+
+    Used together with `available_if`."""
+
+    def check(self):
+        # raise original `AttributeError` if `attr` does not exist
+        getattr(self.meta_estimator, attr)
+        return True
+
+    return check
+
+
+class Stacking(MetaEstimatorMixin, SurvivalAnalysisMixin, _BaseComposition):
+    """Meta estimator that combines multiple base learners.
+
+    By default, base estimators' output corresponds to the array returned
+    by `predict_proba`. If `predict_proba` is not available or `probabilities = False`,
+    the output of `predict` is used.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    meta_estimator : instance of estimator
+        The estimator that is used to combine the output of different
+        base estimators.
+
+    base_estimators : list
+        List of (name, estimator) tuples (implementing fit/predict) that are
+        part of the ensemble.
+
+    probabilities : bool, optional, default: True
+        Whether to allow using `predict_proba` method of base learners, if available.
+
+    Attributes
+    ----------
+    estimators_ : list of estimators
+        The elements of the estimators parameter, having been fitted on the
+        training data.
+
+    named_estimators_ : dict
+        Attribute to access any fitted sub-estimators by name.
+
+    final_estimator_ : estimator
+        The estimator which combines the output of `estimators_`.
+
+    n_features_in_ : int
+        Number of features seen during ``fit``.
+
+    feature_names_in_ : ndarray, shape = (`n_features_in_`,)
+        Names of features seen during ``fit``. Defined only when `X`
+        has feature names that are all strings.
+
+    unique_times_ : ndarray, shape = (n_unique_times,)
+        Unique time points.
+    """
+
+    _parameter_constraints = {
+        "meta_estimator": [HasMethods(["fit"])],
+        "base_estimators": [list],
+        "probabilities": ["boolean"],
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, meta_estimator, base_estimators, *, probabilities=True):
+        self.meta_estimator = meta_estimator
+        self.base_estimators = base_estimators
+        self.probabilities = probabilities
+
+        self._extra_params = ["meta_estimator", "base_estimators", "probabilities"]
+
+    def _validate_estimators(self):
+        names, estimators = zip(*self.base_estimators)
+        if len(set(names)) != len(self.base_estimators):
+            raise ValueError(f"Names provided are not unique: {names}")
+
+        for t in estimators:
+            if not hasattr(t, "fit") or not (hasattr(t, "predict") or hasattr(t, "predict_proba")):
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "All base estimators should implement "
+                    "fit and predict/predict_proba"
+                    f" {t!s} (type {type(t)}) doesn't)"
+                )
+
+    def set_params(self, **params):
+        """
+        Set the parameters of an estimator from the ensemble.
+
+        Valid parameter keys can be listed with `get_params()`. Note that you
+        can directly set the parameters of the estimators contained in
+        `estimators`.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        **params : keyword arguments
+            Specific parameters using e.g.
+            `set_params(parameter_name=new_value)`. In addition, to setting the
+            parameters of the estimator, the individual estimator of the
+            estimators can also be set, or can be removed by setting them to
+            'drop'.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        self : object
+            Estimator instance.
+        """
+        super()._set_params("base_estimators", **params)
+        return self
+
+    def get_params(self, deep=True):
+        """
+        Get the parameters of an estimator from the ensemble.
+
+        Returns the parameters given in the constructor as well as the
+        estimators contained within the `estimators` parameter.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        deep : bool, default=True
+            Setting it to True gets the various estimators and the parameters
+            of the estimators as well.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        params : dict
+            Parameter and estimator names mapped to their values or parameter
+            names mapped to their values.
+        """
+        return super()._get_params("base_estimators", deep=deep)
+
+    def _split_fit_params(self, fit_params):
+        fit_params_steps = {step: {} for step, _ in self.base_estimators}
+        for pname, pval in fit_params.items():
+            step, param = pname.split("__", 1)
+            fit_params_steps[step][param] = pval
+        return fit_params_steps
+
+    def _fit_estimators(self, X, y=None, **fit_params):
+        if hasattr(self, "feature_names_in_"):
+            # Delete the attribute when the estimator is fitted on a new dataset
+            # that has no feature names.
+            delattr(self, "feature_names_in_")
+
+        fit_params_steps = self._split_fit_params(fit_params)
+        names = []
+        estimators = []
+        for name, estimator in self.base_estimators:
+            est = clone(estimator).fit(X, y, **fit_params_steps[name])
+
+            if hasattr(est, "n_features_in_"):
+                self.n_features_in_ = est.n_features_in_
+            if hasattr(est, "feature_names_in_"):
+                self.feature_names_in_ = est.feature_names_in_
+
+            estimators.append(est)
+            names.append(name)
+
+        self.named_estimators = dict(zip(names, estimators))
+        self.estimators_ = estimators
+
+    def _predict_estimators(self, X):
+        Xt = None
+        start = 0
+        for estimator in self.estimators_:
+            if self.probabilities and hasattr(estimator, "predict_proba"):
+                p = estimator.predict_proba(X)
+            else:
+                p = estimator.predict(X)
+
+            if p.ndim == 1:
+                p = p[:, np.newaxis]
+
+            if Xt is None:
+                # assume that prediction array has the same size for all base learners
+                n_classes = p.shape[1]
+                Xt = np.empty((p.shape[0], n_classes * len(self.base_estimators)), order="F")
+            Xt[:, slice(start, start + n_classes)] = p
+            start += n_classes
+
+        return Xt
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        """Return the number of base estimators."""
+        return len(self.base_estimators)
+
+    def fit(self, X, y=None, **fit_params):
+        """Fit base estimators.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        X : array-like, shape = (n_samples, n_features)
+            Training data.
+
+        y : array-like, shape = (n_samples,), optional
+            Target data if base estimators are supervised.
+
+        **fit_params : dict
+            Parameters passed to the ``fit`` method of each base estimator.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        self
+        """
+        self._validate_params()
+        self._validate_estimators()
+        self._fit_estimators(X, y, **fit_params)
+        Xt = self._predict_estimators(X)
+        self.final_estimator_ = self.meta_estimator.fit(Xt, y)
+
+        return self
+
+    @available_if(_meta_estimator_has("predict"))
+    def predict(self, X):
+        """Perform prediction.
+
+        Only available if the meta estimator has a ``predict`` method.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        X : array-like, shape = (n_samples, n_features)
+            Data with samples to predict.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        prediction : ndarray, shape = (n_samples, n_dim)
+            Prediction of meta estimator that combines
+            predictions of base estimators. `n_dim` depends
+            on the return value of meta estimator's ``predict``
+            method.
+        """
+        Xt = self._predict_estimators(X)
+        return self.final_estimator_.predict(Xt)
+
+    @available_if(_meta_estimator_has("predict_proba"))
+    def predict_proba(self, X):
+        """Perform prediction.
+
+        Only available if the meta estimator has a ``predict_proba`` method.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        X : array-like, shape = (n_samples, n_features)
+            Data with samples to predict.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        prediction : ndarray, shape = (n_samples, n_dim)
+            Prediction of meta estimator that combines
+            predictions of base estimators. `n_dim` depends
+            on the return value of meta estimator's `predict`
+            method.
+        """
+        Xt = self._predict_estimators(X)
+        return self.final_estimator_.predict_proba(Xt)
+
+    @available_if(_meta_estimator_has("predict_log_proba"))
+    def predict_log_proba(self, X):
+        """Perform prediction.
+
+        Only available if the meta estimator has a ``predict_log_proba`` method.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        X : array-like, shape = (n_samples, n_features)
+            Data with samples to predict.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        prediction : ndarray, shape = (n_samples, n_dim)
+            Prediction of meta estimator that combines
+            predictions of base estimators. `n_dim` depends
+            on the return value of meta estimator's `predict`
+            method.
+        """
+        Xt = self._predict_estimators(X)
+        return self.final_estimator_.predict_log_proba(Xt)
+
+    @property_available_if(_meta_estimator_has("unique_times_"))
+    def unique_times_(self):
+        return self.meta_estimator.unique_times_
+
+    @available_if(_meta_estimator_has("predict_cumulative_hazard_function"))
+    def predict_cumulative_hazard_function(self, X, return_array=False):
+        """Perform prediction.
+
+        Only available if the meta estimator has a ``predict_cumulative_hazard_function`` method.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        X : array-like, shape = (n_samples, n_features)
+            Data with samples to predict.
+
+        return_array : bool, default: False
+            Whether to return a single array of cumulative hazard values
+            or a list of step functions.
+
+            If `False`, a list of :class:`sksurv.functions.StepFunction`
+            objects is returned.
+
+            If `True`, a 2d-array of shape `(n_samples, n_unique_times)` is
+            returned, where `n_unique_times` is the number of unique
+            event times in the training data. Each row represents the cumulative
+            hazard function of an individual evaluated at `unique_times_`.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        cum_hazard : ndarray
+            If `return_array` is `False`, an array of `n_samples`
+            :class:`sksurv.functions.StepFunction` instances is returned.
+
+            If `return_array` is `True`, a numeric array of shape
+            `(n_samples, n_unique_times_)` is returned.
+        """
+        Xt = self._predict_estimators(X)
+        return self.final_estimator_.predict_cumulative_hazard_function(Xt, return_array)
+
+    @available_if(_meta_estimator_has("predict_survival_function"))
+    def predict_survival_function(self, X, return_array=False):
+        """Perform prediction.
+
+        Only available if the meta estimator has a ``predict_survival_function`` method.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        X : array-like, shape = (n_samples, n_features)
+            Data with samples to predict.
+
+        return_array : bool, default: False
+            Whether to return a single array of survival probabilities
+            or a list of step functions.
+
+            If `False`, a list of :class:`sksurv.functions.StepFunction`
+            objects is returned.
+
+            If `True`, a 2d-array of shape `(n_samples, n_unique_times)` is
+            returned, where `n_unique_times` is the number of unique
+            event times in the training data. Each row represents the survival
+            function of an individual evaluated at `unique_times_`.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        survival : ndarray
+            If `return_array` is `False`, an array of `n_samples`
+            :class:`sksurv.functions.StepFunction` instances is returned.
+
+            If `return_array` is `True`, a numeric array of shape
+            `(n_samples, n_unique_times_)` is returned.
+
+        """
+        Xt = self._predict_estimators(X)
+        return self.final_estimator_.predict_survival_function(Xt, return_array)