rasa-pro 3.11.3__py3-none-any.whl

rasa/server.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1624 @@
+import asyncio
+import concurrent.futures
+import logging
+import multiprocessing
+import os
+import traceback
+import warnings
+from collections import defaultdict
+from functools import reduce, wraps
+from http import HTTPStatus
+from inspect import isawaitable
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Coroutine,
+    DefaultDict,
+    Dict,
+    List,
+    NoReturn,
+    Optional,
+    Text,
+    Union,
+)
+
+import aiohttp
+import jsonschema
+from sanic import Sanic, response
+from sanic.request import Request
+from sanic.response import HTTPResponse
+from sanic_cors import CORS
+from sanic_jwt import Initialize, exceptions
+
+import rasa
+import rasa.core.utils
+import rasa.nlu.test
+import rasa.shared.core.events
+import rasa.shared.nlu.training_data.schemas.data_schema
+import rasa.shared.utils.common
+import rasa.shared.utils.io
+import rasa.utils.common
+import rasa.utils.endpoints
+import rasa.utils.io
+from rasa.constants import MINIMUM_COMPATIBLE_VERSION
+from rasa.core.agent import Agent
+from rasa.core.channels.channel import (
+    CollectingOutputChannel,
+    OutputChannel,
+    UserMessage,
+)
+from rasa.core.constants import DEFAULT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT
+from rasa.core.persistor import parse_remote_storage
+from rasa.core.test import test
+from rasa.core.utils import AvailableEndpoints
+from rasa.nlu.emulators.emulator import Emulator
+from rasa.nlu.emulators.no_emulator import NoEmulator
+from rasa.nlu.test import CVEvaluationResult
+from rasa.shared.constants import (
+    DEFAULT_MODELS_PATH,
+    DEFAULT_SENDER_ID,
+    DOCS_BASE_URL,
+    DOCS_URL_TRAINING_DATA,
+    TEST_STORIES_FILE_PREFIX,
+    DOCS_URL_FLOWS,
+)
+from rasa.shared.core.domain import Domain, InvalidDomain
+from rasa.shared.core.events import Event
+from rasa.shared.core.flows.yaml_flows_io import YAMLFlowsReader
+from rasa.shared.core.trackers import (
+    DialogueStateTracker,
+    EventVerbosity,
+)
+from rasa.shared.core.training_data.story_writer.yaml_story_writer import (
+    YAMLStoryWriter,
+)
+from rasa.shared.exceptions import YamlException, RasaException
+from rasa.shared.importers.importer import TrainingDataImporter
+from rasa.shared.nlu.training_data.formats import RasaYAMLReader
+from rasa.shared.utils.schemas.events import EVENTS_SCHEMA
+from rasa.shared.utils.yaml import validate_training_data
+from rasa.utils.common import TempDirectoryPath, get_temp_dir_name
+from rasa.utils.endpoints import EndpointConfig
+from rasa.utils.sanic_error_handler import register_custom_sanic_error_handler
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ssl import SSLContext
+
+    from mypy_extensions import Arg, KwArg, VarArg
+
+    from rasa.core.processor import MessageProcessor
+
+    SanicResponse = Union[
+        response.HTTPResponse, Coroutine[Any, Any, response.HTTPResponse]
+    ]
+    SanicView = Callable[
+        [Arg(Request, "request"), VarArg(), KwArg()],
+        Coroutine[Any, Any, SanicResponse],
+    ]
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+JSON_CONTENT_TYPE = "application/json"
+YAML_CONTENT_TYPE = "application/x-yaml"
+
+OUTPUT_CHANNEL_QUERY_KEY = "output_channel"
+USE_LATEST_INPUT_CHANNEL_AS_OUTPUT_CHANNEL = "latest"
+EXECUTE_SIDE_EFFECTS_QUERY_KEY = "execute_side_effects"
+
+
+class ErrorResponse(Exception):
+    """Common exception to handle failing API requests."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        status: Union[int, HTTPStatus],
+        reason: Text,
+        message: Text,
+        details: Any = None,
+        help_url: Optional[Text] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Creates error.
+
+        Args:
+            status: The HTTP status code to return.
+            reason: Short summary of the error.
+            message: Detailed explanation of the error.
+            details: Additional details which describe the error. Must be serializable.
+            help_url: URL where users can get further help (e.g. docs).
+        """
+        self.error_info = {
+            "version": rasa.__version__,
+            "status": "failure",
+            "message": message,
+            "reason": reason,
+            "details": details or {},
+            "help": help_url,
+            "code": status,
+        }
+        self.status = status
+        logger.error(message)
+        super(ErrorResponse, self).__init__()
+
+
+def _docs(sub_url: Text) -> Text:
+    """Create a url to a subpart of the docs."""
+    return DOCS_BASE_URL + sub_url
+
+
+def ensure_loaded_agent(
+    app: Sanic, require_core_is_ready: bool = False
+) -> Callable[[Callable], Callable[..., Any]]:
+    """Wraps a request handler ensuring there is a loaded and usable agent.
+
+    Require the agent to have a loaded Core model if `require_core_is_ready` is
+    `True`.
+    """
+
+    def decorator(f: Callable) -> Callable:
+        @wraps(f)
+        def decorated(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
+            # noinspection PyUnresolvedReferences
+            if not app.ctx.agent or not app.ctx.agent.is_ready():
+                raise ErrorResponse(
+                    HTTPStatus.CONFLICT,
+                    "Conflict",
+                    "No agent loaded. To continue processing, a "
+                    "model of a trained agent needs to be loaded.",
+                    help_url=_docs("/user-guide/configuring-http-api/"),
+                )
+
+            return f(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        return decorated
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def ensure_conversation_exists() -> Callable[["SanicView"], "SanicView"]:
+    """Wraps a request handler ensuring the conversation exists."""
+
+    def decorator(f: "SanicView") -> "SanicView":
+        @wraps(f)
+        async def decorated(
+            request: Request, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+        ) -> "SanicResponse":
+            conversation_id = kwargs["conversation_id"]
+            if await request.app.ctx.agent.tracker_store.exists(conversation_id):
+                return await f(request, *args, **kwargs)
+            else:
+                raise ErrorResponse(
+                    HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND, "Not found", "Conversation ID not found."
+                )
+
+        return decorated
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def requires_auth(
+    app: Sanic, token: Optional[Text] = None
+) -> Callable[["SanicView"], "SanicView"]:
+    """Wraps a request handler with token authentication."""
+
+    def decorator(f: "SanicView") -> "SanicView":
+        def conversation_id_from_args(args: Any, kwargs: Any) -> Optional[Text]:
+            argnames = rasa.shared.utils.common.arguments_of(f)
+
+            try:
+                sender_id_arg_idx = argnames.index("conversation_id")
+                if "conversation_id" in kwargs:  # try to fetch from kwargs first
+                    return kwargs["conversation_id"]
+                if sender_id_arg_idx < len(args):
+                    return args[sender_id_arg_idx]
+                return None
+            except ValueError:
+                return None
+
+        async def sufficient_scope(
+            request: Request, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+        ) -> Optional[bool]:
+            # This is a coroutine since `sanic-jwt==1.6`
+            jwt_data = await rasa.utils.common.call_potential_coroutine(
+                request.app.ctx.auth.extract_payload(request)
+            )
+
+            user = jwt_data.get("user", {})
+
+            username = user.get("username", None)
+            role = user.get("role", None)
+
+            if role == "admin":
+                return True
+            elif role == "user":
+                conversation_id = conversation_id_from_args(args, kwargs)
+                return conversation_id is not None and username == conversation_id
+            else:
+                return False
+
+        @wraps(f)
+        async def decorated(
+            request: Request, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+        ) -> response.HTTPResponse:
+            provided = request.args.get("token", None)
+
+            # noinspection PyProtectedMember
+            if token is not None and provided == token:
+                result = f(request, *args, **kwargs)
+                return await result if isawaitable(result) else result
+            elif app.config.get(
+                "USE_JWT"
+            ) and await rasa.utils.common.call_potential_coroutine(
+                # This is a coroutine since `sanic-jwt==1.6`
+                request.app.ctx.auth.is_authenticated(request)
+            ):
+                if await sufficient_scope(request, *args, **kwargs):
+                    result = f(request, *args, **kwargs)
+                    return await result if isawaitable(result) else result
+                raise ErrorResponse(
+                    HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN,
+                    "NotAuthorized",
+                    "User has insufficient permissions.",
+                    help_url=_docs(
+                        "/user-guide/configuring-http-api/#security-considerations"
+                    ),
+                )
+            elif token is None and app.config.get("USE_JWT") is None:
+                # authentication is disabled
+                result = f(request, *args, **kwargs)
+                return await result if isawaitable(result) else result
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED,
+                "NotAuthenticated",
+                "User is not authenticated.",
+                help_url=_docs(
+                    "/user-guide/configuring-http-api/#security-considerations"
+                ),
+            )
+
+        return decorated
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def event_verbosity_parameter(
+    request: Request, default_verbosity: EventVerbosity
+) -> EventVerbosity:
+    """Create `EventVerbosity` object using request params if present."""
+    event_verbosity_str = request.args.get(
+        "include_events", default_verbosity.name
+    ).upper()
+    try:
+        return EventVerbosity[event_verbosity_str]
+    except KeyError:
+        enum_values = ", ".join([e.name for e in EventVerbosity])
+        raise ErrorResponse(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            "BadRequest",
+            "Invalid parameter value for 'include_events'. "
+            "Should be one of {}".format(enum_values),
+            {"parameter": "include_events", "in": "query"},
+        )
+
+
+async def get_test_stories(
+    processor: "MessageProcessor",
+    conversation_id: Text,
+    until_time: Optional[float],
+    fetch_all_sessions: bool = False,
+) -> Text:
+    """Retrieves test stories for all conversation sessions for `conversation_id`.
+
+    Uses `processor` to get the conversations.
+
+    Args:
+        processor: An instance of `MessageProcessor`.
+        conversation_id: Conversation ID to fetch stories for.
+        until_time: Timestamp up to which to include events.
+        fetch_all_sessions: Whether to fetch stories for all conversation sessions.
+            If `False`, only the last conversation session is retrieved.
+
+    Returns:
+        The stories for `conversation_id` in test format.
+    """
+    if fetch_all_sessions:
+        trackers = await processor.get_trackers_for_all_conversation_sessions(
+            conversation_id
+        )
+    else:
+        trackers = [await processor.get_tracker(conversation_id)]
+
+    if until_time is not None:
+        trackers = [tracker.travel_back_in_time(until_time) for tracker in trackers]
+        # keep only non-empty trackers
+        trackers = [tracker for tracker in trackers if len(tracker.events)]
+
+    story_steps = []
+
+    more_than_one_story = len(trackers) > 1
+
+    for i, tracker in enumerate(trackers, 1):
+        tracker.sender_id = conversation_id
+
+        if more_than_one_story:
+            tracker.sender_id += f", story {i}"
+
+        story_steps += tracker.as_story().story_steps
+
+    return YAMLStoryWriter().dumps(story_steps, is_test_story=True)
+
+
+async def update_conversation_with_events(
+    conversation_id: Text,
+    processor: "MessageProcessor",
+    domain: Domain,
+    events: List[Event],
+) -> DialogueStateTracker:
+    """Fetches or creates a tracker for `conversation_id` and appends `events` to it.
+
+    Args:
+        conversation_id: The ID of the conversation to update the tracker for.
+        processor: An instance of `MessageProcessor`.
+        domain: The domain associated with the current `Agent`.
+        events: The events to append to the tracker.
+
+    Returns:
+        The tracker for `conversation_id` with the updated events.
+    """
+    if rasa.shared.core.events.do_events_begin_with_session_start(events):
+        tracker = await processor.get_tracker(conversation_id)
+    else:
+        tracker = await processor.fetch_tracker_with_initial_session(conversation_id)
+
+    for event in events:
+        tracker.update(event, domain)
+
+    return tracker
+
+
+def validate_request_body(request: Request, error_message: Text) -> None:
+    """Check if `request` has a body."""
+    if not request.body:
+        raise ErrorResponse(HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "BadRequest", error_message)
+
+
+def validate_events_in_request_body(request: Request) -> None:
+    """Validates events format in request body."""
+    if not isinstance(request.json, list):
+        events = [request.json]
+    else:
+        events = request.json
+
+    try:
+        jsonschema.validate(events, EVENTS_SCHEMA)
+    except jsonschema.ValidationError as error:
+        raise ErrorResponse(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            "BadRequest",
+            f"Failed to validate the events format. "
+            f"For more information about the format visit the docs. Error: {error}",
+            help_url=_docs("/pages/http-api"),
+        ) from error
+
+
+async def authenticate(_: Request) -> NoReturn:
+    """Callback for authentication failed."""
+    raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed(
+        "Direct JWT authentication not supported. You should already have "
+        "a valid JWT from an authentication provider, Rasa will just make "
+        "sure that the token is valid, but not issue new tokens."
+    )
+
+
+def create_ssl_context(
+    ssl_certificate: Optional[Text],
+    ssl_keyfile: Optional[Text],
+    ssl_ca_file: Optional[Text] = None,
+    ssl_password: Optional[Text] = None,
+) -> Optional["SSLContext"]:
+    """Create an SSL context if a proper certificate is passed.
+
+    Args:
+        ssl_certificate: path to the SSL client certificate
+        ssl_keyfile: path to the SSL key file
+        ssl_ca_file: path to the SSL CA file for verification (optional)
+        ssl_password: SSL private key password (optional)
+
+    Returns:
+        SSL context if a valid certificate chain can be loaded, `None` otherwise.
+
+    """
+    if ssl_certificate:
+        import ssl
+
+        ssl_context = ssl.create_default_context(
+            purpose=ssl.Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH, cafile=ssl_ca_file
+        )
+        ssl_context.load_cert_chain(
+            ssl_certificate, keyfile=ssl_keyfile, password=ssl_password
+        )
+        return ssl_context
+    else:
+        return None
+
+
+def _create_emulator(mode: Optional[Text]) -> Emulator:
+    """Create emulator for specified mode.
+
+    If no emulator is specified, we will use the Rasa NLU format.
+    """
+    if mode is None:
+        return NoEmulator()
+    elif mode.lower() == "wit":
+        from rasa.nlu.emulators.wit import WitEmulator
+
+        return WitEmulator()
+    elif mode.lower() == "luis":
+        from rasa.nlu.emulators.luis import LUISEmulator
+
+        return LUISEmulator()
+    elif mode.lower() == "dialogflow":
+        from rasa.nlu.emulators.dialogflow import DialogflowEmulator
+
+        return DialogflowEmulator()
+    else:
+        raise ErrorResponse(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            "BadRequest",
+            "Invalid parameter value for 'emulation_mode'. "
+            "Should be one of 'WIT', 'LUIS', 'DIALOGFLOW'.",
+            {"parameter": "emulation_mode", "in": "query"},
+        )
+
+
+async def _load_agent(
+    model_path: Optional[Text] = None,
+    model_server: Optional[EndpointConfig] = None,
+    remote_storage: Optional[Text] = None,
+    endpoints: Optional[AvailableEndpoints] = None,
+) -> Agent:
+    try:
+        loaded_agent = await rasa.core.agent.load_agent(
+            model_path=model_path,
+            model_server=model_server,
+            remote_storage=remote_storage,
+            endpoints=endpoints,
+        )
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+        raise ErrorResponse(
+            HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+            "LoadingError",
+            f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+        )
+
+    if not loaded_agent.is_ready():
+        raise ErrorResponse(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            "BadRequest",
+            f"Agent with name '{model_path}' could not be loaded.",
+            {"parameter": "model", "in": "query"},
+        )
+
+    return loaded_agent
+
+
+def configure_cors(
+    app: Sanic, cors_origins: Union[Text, List[Text], None] = ""
+) -> None:
+    """Configure CORS origins for the given app."""
+    # Workaround so that socketio works with requests from other origins.
+    # https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/python-socketio/issues/205#issuecomment-493769183
+    app.config.CORS_AUTOMATIC_OPTIONS = True
+    app.config.CORS_SUPPORTS_CREDENTIALS = True
+    app.config.CORS_EXPOSE_HEADERS = "filename"
+
+    CORS(
+        app, resources={r"/*": {"origins": cors_origins or ""}}, automatic_options=True
+    )
+
+
+def add_root_route(app: Sanic) -> None:
+    """Add '/' route to return hello."""
+
+    @app.get("/")
+    async def hello(request: Request) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Check if the server is running and responds with the version."""
+        html_content = f"""
+        <html>
+            <body>
+                <p>Hello from Rasa: {rasa.__version__}</p>
+                <a href="./webhooks/inspector/inspect.html">Go to the inspector</a>
+                <script>
+                    window.location.replace("./webhooks/socketio/inspect.html");
+                </script>
+            </body>
+        </html>
+        """
+        return response.html(html_content)
+
+    @app.get("/license")
+    async def license(request: Request) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Respond with the license expiration date."""
+        from rasa.utils.licensing import (
+            get_license_expiration_date,
+            property_of_active_license,
+        )
+
+        body = {
+            "id": property_of_active_license(lambda active_license: active_license.jti),
+            "company": property_of_active_license(
+                lambda active_license: active_license.company
+            ),
+            "scope": property_of_active_license(
+                lambda active_license: active_license.scope
+            ),
+            "email": property_of_active_license(
+                lambda active_license: active_license.email
+            ),
+            "expires": get_license_expiration_date(),
+        }
+        return response.json(
+            body=body,
+            headers={"Content-Type": "application/json"},
+        )
+
+
+def async_if_callback_url(f: Callable[..., Coroutine]) -> Callable:
+    """Decorator to enable async request handling.
+
+    If the incoming HTTP request specified a `callback_url` query parameter, the request
+    will return immediately with a 204 while the actual request response will
+    be sent to the `callback_url`. If an error happens, the error payload will also
+    be sent to the `callback_url`.
+
+    Args:
+        f: The request handler function which should be decorated.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decorated function.
+    """
+
+    @wraps(f)
+    async def decorated_function(
+        request: Request, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> HTTPResponse:
+        callback_url = request.args.get("callback_url")
+        # Only process request asynchronously if the user specified a `callback_url`
+        # query parameter.
+        if not callback_url:
+            return await f(request, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        async def wrapped() -> None:
+            try:
+                result: HTTPResponse = await f(request, *args, **kwargs)
+                payload: Dict[Text, Any] = dict(
+                    data=result.body, headers={"Content-Type": result.content_type}
+                )
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Asynchronous processing of request was successful. "
+                    "Sending result to callback URL."
+                )
+
+            except Exception as e:
+                if not isinstance(e, ErrorResponse):
+                    logger.error(e)
+                    e = ErrorResponse(
+                        HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                        "UnexpectedError",
+                        f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+                    )
+                # If an error happens, we send the error payload to the `callback_url`
+                payload = dict(json=e.error_info)
+                logger.error(
+                    "Error happened when processing request asynchronously. "
+                    "Sending error to callback URL."
+                )
+            async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
+                await session.post(callback_url, raise_for_status=True, **payload)
+
+        # Run the request in the background on the event loop
+        request.app.add_task(wrapped())
+
+        # The incoming request will return immediately with a 204
+        return response.empty()
+
+    return decorated_function
+
+
+def run_in_thread(f: Callable[..., Coroutine]) -> Callable:
+    """Decorator which runs request on a separate thread.
+
+    Some requests (e.g. training or cross-validation) are computional intense requests.
+    This means that they will block the event loop and hence the processing of other
+    requests. This decorator can be used to process these requests on a separate thread
+    to avoid blocking the processing of incoming requests.
+
+    Args:
+        f: The request handler function which should be decorated.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decorated function.
+    """
+
+    @wraps(f)
+    async def decorated_function(
+        request: Request, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> HTTPResponse:
+        # Use a sync wrapper for our `async` function as `run_in_executor` only supports
+        # sync functions
+        def run() -> HTTPResponse:
+            return asyncio.run(f(request, *args, **kwargs))
+
+        with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor() as pool:
+            return await request.app.loop.run_in_executor(pool, run)
+
+    return decorated_function
+
+
+def inject_temp_dir(f: Callable[..., Coroutine]) -> Callable:
+    """Decorator to inject a temporary directory before a request and clean up after.
+
+    Args:
+        f: The request handler function which should be decorated.
+
+    Returns:
+        The decorated function.
+    """
+
+    @wraps(f)
+    async def decorated_function(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> HTTPResponse:
+        with TempDirectoryPath(get_temp_dir_name()) as directory:
+            # Decorated request handles need to have a parameter `temporary_directory`
+            return await f(*args, temporary_directory=Path(directory), **kwargs)
+
+    return decorated_function
+
+
+def create_app(
+    agent: Optional["Agent"] = None,
+    cors_origins: Union[Text, List[Text], None] = "*",
+    auth_token: Optional[Text] = None,
+    response_timeout: int = DEFAULT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT,
+    jwt_secret: Optional[Text] = None,
+    jwt_private_key: Optional[Text] = None,
+    jwt_method: Text = "HS256",
+    endpoints: Optional[AvailableEndpoints] = None,
+) -> Sanic:
+    """Class representing a Rasa HTTP server."""
+    app = Sanic("rasa_server")
+    app.config.RESPONSE_TIMEOUT = response_timeout
+    configure_cors(app, cors_origins)
+    register_custom_sanic_error_handler(app)
+
+    # Reset Sanic warnings filter that allows the triggering of Sanic warnings
+    warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=DeprecationWarning, module=r"sanic.*")
+
+    # Set up the Sanic-JWT extension
+    if jwt_secret and jwt_method:
+        # `sanic-jwt` depends on having an available event loop when making the call to
+        # `Initialize`. If there is none, the server startup will fail with
+        # `There is no current event loop in thread 'MainThread'`.
+        try:
+            _ = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+        except RuntimeError:
+            new_loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+            asyncio.set_event_loop(new_loop)
+
+        # since we only want to check signatures, we don't actually care
+        # about the JWT method and set the passed secret as either symmetric
+        # or asymmetric key. jwt lib will choose the right one based on method
+        app.config["USE_JWT"] = True
+        Initialize(
+            app,
+            secret=jwt_secret,
+            private_key=jwt_private_key,
+            authenticate=authenticate,
+            algorithm=jwt_method,
+            user_id="username",
+        )
+
+    app.ctx.agent = agent
+    # Initialize shared object of type unsigned int for tracking
+    # the number of active training processes
+    app.ctx.active_training_processes = multiprocessing.Value("I", 0)
+
+    @app.exception(ErrorResponse)
+    async def handle_error_response(
+        request: Request, exception: ErrorResponse
+    ) -> HTTPResponse:
+        return response.json(exception.error_info, status=exception.status)
+
+    add_root_route(app)
+
+    @app.get("/version")
+    async def version(request: Request) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Respond with the version number of the installed Rasa."""
+        return response.json(
+            {
+                "version": rasa.__version__,
+                "minimum_compatible_version": MINIMUM_COMPATIBLE_VERSION,
+            }
+        )
+
+    @app.get("/status")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app)
+    async def status(request: Request) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Respond with the model name and the fingerprint of that model."""
+        return response.json(
+            {
+                "model_file": app.ctx.agent.processor.model_filename,
+                "model_id": app.ctx.agent.model_id,
+                "num_active_training_jobs": app.ctx.active_training_processes.value,
+            }
+        )
+
+    @app.get("/conversations/<conversation_id:path>/tracker")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app)
+    async def retrieve_tracker(request: Request, conversation_id: Text) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Get a dump of a conversation's tracker including its events."""
+        verbosity = event_verbosity_parameter(request, EventVerbosity.AFTER_RESTART)
+        until_time = rasa.utils.endpoints.float_arg(request, "until")
+        should_start_session = rasa.utils.endpoints.bool_arg(
+            request, "start_session", default=True
+        )
+
+        if should_start_session:
+            tracker = (
+                await app.ctx.agent.processor.fetch_full_tracker_with_initial_session(
+                    conversation_id,
+                    output_channel=CollectingOutputChannel(),
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            tracker = await app.ctx.agent.processor.get_tracker(conversation_id)
+
+        try:
+            if until_time is not None:
+                tracker = tracker.travel_back_in_time(until_time)
+
+            state = tracker.current_state(verbosity)
+            return response.json(state)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "ConversationError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+            )
+
+    @app.post("/conversations/<conversation_id:path>/tracker/events")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app)
+    async def append_events(request: Request, conversation_id: Text) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Append a list of events to the state of a conversation."""
+        validate_events_in_request_body(request)
+
+        verbosity = event_verbosity_parameter(request, EventVerbosity.AFTER_RESTART)
+
+        try:
+            async with app.ctx.agent.lock_store.lock(conversation_id):
+                processor = app.ctx.agent.processor
+                events = _get_events_from_request_body(request)
+
+                tracker = await update_conversation_with_events(
+                    conversation_id, processor, app.ctx.agent.domain, events
+                )
+
+                output_channel = _get_output_channel(request, tracker)
+
+                if rasa.utils.endpoints.bool_arg(
+                    request, EXECUTE_SIDE_EFFECTS_QUERY_KEY, False
+                ):
+                    await processor.execute_side_effects(
+                        events, tracker, output_channel
+                    )
+                await app.ctx.agent.tracker_store.save(tracker)
+            return response.json(tracker.current_state(verbosity))
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "ConversationError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+            )
+
+    def _get_events_from_request_body(request: Request) -> List[Event]:
+        events = request.json
+
+        if not isinstance(events, list):
+            events = [events]
+
+        events = [Event.from_parameters(event) for event in events]
+        events = [event for event in events if event]
+
+        if not events:
+            rasa.shared.utils.io.raise_warning(
+                f"Append event called, but could not extract a valid event. "
+                f"Request JSON: {request.json}"
+            )
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+                "BadRequest",
+                "Couldn't extract a proper event from the request body.",
+                {"parameter": "", "in": "body"},
+            )
+
+        return events
+
+    @app.put("/conversations/<conversation_id:path>/tracker/events")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app)
+    async def replace_events(request: Request, conversation_id: Text) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Use a list of events to set a conversations tracker to a state."""
+        validate_events_in_request_body(request)
+
+        verbosity = event_verbosity_parameter(request, EventVerbosity.AFTER_RESTART)
+
+        try:
+            async with app.ctx.agent.lock_store.lock(conversation_id):
+                tracker = DialogueStateTracker.from_dict(
+                    conversation_id, request.json, app.ctx.agent.domain.slots
+                )
+
+                # will override an existing tracker with the same id!
+                await app.ctx.agent.tracker_store.save(tracker)
+
+            return response.json(tracker.current_state(verbosity))
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "ConversationError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+            )
+
+    @app.get("/conversations/<conversation_id:path>/story")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app)
+    async def retrieve_story(request: Request, conversation_id: Text) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Get an end-to-end story corresponding to this conversation."""
+        until_time = rasa.utils.endpoints.float_arg(request, "until")
+        fetch_all_sessions = rasa.utils.endpoints.bool_arg(
+            request, "all_sessions", default=False
+        )
+
+        try:
+            stories = await get_test_stories(
+                app.ctx.agent.processor,
+                conversation_id,
+                until_time,
+                fetch_all_sessions=fetch_all_sessions,
+            )
+            return response.text(stories)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "ConversationError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+            )
+
+    @app.post("/conversations/<conversation_id:path>/execute")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app)
+    @ensure_conversation_exists()
+    async def execute_action(request: Request, conversation_id: Text) -> HTTPResponse:
+        rasa.shared.utils.io.raise_warning(
+            'The "POST /conversations/<conversation_id>/execute"'
+            " endpoint is deprecated. Inserting actions to the tracker externally"
+            " should be avoided. Actions should be predicted by the policies only.",
+            category=FutureWarning,
+        )
+        request_params = request.json
+
+        action_to_execute = request_params.get("name", None)
+
+        if not action_to_execute:
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+                "BadRequest",
+                "Name of the action not provided in request body.",
+                {"parameter": "name", "in": "body"},
+            )
+
+        policy = request_params.get("policy", None)
+        confidence = request_params.get("confidence", None)
+        verbosity = event_verbosity_parameter(request, EventVerbosity.AFTER_RESTART)
+
+        try:
+            async with app.ctx.agent.lock_store.lock(conversation_id):
+                tracker = await (
+                    app.ctx.agent.processor.fetch_tracker_and_update_session(
+                        conversation_id
+                    )
+                )
+
+                output_channel = _get_output_channel(request, tracker)
+                await app.ctx.agent.execute_action(
+                    conversation_id,
+                    action_to_execute,
+                    output_channel,
+                    policy,
+                    confidence,
+                )
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "ConversationError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+            )
+
+        state = tracker.current_state(verbosity)
+
+        response_body: Dict[Text, Any] = {"tracker": state}
+
+        if isinstance(output_channel, CollectingOutputChannel):
+            response_body["messages"] = output_channel.messages
+
+        return response.json(response_body)
+
+    @app.post("/conversations/<conversation_id:path>/trigger_intent")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app)
+    async def trigger_intent(request: Request, conversation_id: Text) -> HTTPResponse:
+        request_params = request.json
+
+        intent_to_trigger = request_params.get("name")
+        entities = request_params.get("entities", [])
+
+        if not intent_to_trigger:
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+                "BadRequest",
+                "Name of the intent not provided in request body.",
+                {"parameter": "name", "in": "body"},
+            )
+
+        verbosity = event_verbosity_parameter(request, EventVerbosity.AFTER_RESTART)
+
+        try:
+            async with app.ctx.agent.lock_store.lock(conversation_id):
+                tracker = await (
+                    app.ctx.agent.processor.fetch_tracker_and_update_session(
+                        conversation_id
+                    )
+                )
+                output_channel = _get_output_channel(request, tracker)
+                if intent_to_trigger not in app.ctx.agent.domain.intents:
+                    raise ErrorResponse(
+                        HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND,
+                        "NotFound",
+                        f"The intent {trigger_intent} does not exist in the domain.",
+                    )
+                await app.ctx.agent.trigger_intent(
+                    intent_name=intent_to_trigger,
+                    entities=entities,
+                    output_channel=output_channel,
+                    tracker=tracker,
+                )
+        except ErrorResponse:
+            raise
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "ConversationError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+            )
+
+        state = tracker.current_state(verbosity)
+
+        response_body: Dict[Text, Any] = {"tracker": state}
+
+        if isinstance(output_channel, CollectingOutputChannel):
+            response_body["messages"] = output_channel.messages
+
+        return response.json(response_body)
+
+    @app.post("/conversations/<conversation_id:path>/predict")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app)
+    @ensure_conversation_exists()
+    async def predict(request: Request, conversation_id: Text) -> HTTPResponse:
+        try:
+            # Fetches the appropriate bot response in a json format
+            responses = await app.ctx.agent.predict_next_for_sender_id(conversation_id)
+            responses["scores"] = sorted(
+                responses["scores"], key=lambda k: (-k["score"], k["action"])
+            )
+            return response.json(responses)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "ConversationError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+            )
+
+    @app.post("/conversations/<conversation_id:path>/messages")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app)
+    async def add_message(request: Request, conversation_id: Text) -> HTTPResponse:
+        validate_request_body(
+            request,
+            "No message defined in request body. Add a message to the request body in "
+            "order to add it to the tracker.",
+        )
+
+        request_params = request.json
+
+        message = request_params.get("text")
+        sender = request_params.get("sender")
+        parse_data = request_params.get("parse_data")
+
+        verbosity = event_verbosity_parameter(request, EventVerbosity.AFTER_RESTART)
+
+        # TODO: implement for agent / bot
+        if sender != "user":
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+                "BadRequest",
+                "Currently, only user messages can be passed to this endpoint. "
+                "Messages of sender '{}' cannot be handled.".format(sender),
+                {"parameter": "sender", "in": "body"},
+            )
+
+        user_message = UserMessage(message, None, conversation_id, parse_data)
+
+        try:
+            async with app.ctx.agent.lock_store.lock(conversation_id):
+                # cf. processor.handle_message (ignoring prediction loop run)
+                tracker = await app.ctx.agent.processor.log_message(
+                    user_message, should_save_tracker=False
+                )
+                tracker = await app.ctx.agent.processor.run_action_extract_slots(
+                    user_message.output_channel, tracker
+                )
+                await app.ctx.agent.processor.save_tracker(tracker)
+
+            return response.json(tracker.current_state(verbosity))
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "ConversationError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+            )
+
+    @app.post("/model/train")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @async_if_callback_url
+    @run_in_thread
+    @inject_temp_dir
+    async def train(request: Request, temporary_directory: Path) -> HTTPResponse:
+        validate_request_body(
+            request,
+            "You must provide training data in the request body in order to "
+            "train your model.",
+        )
+
+        training_payload = _training_payload_from_yaml(request, temporary_directory)
+
+        try:
+            with app.ctx.active_training_processes.get_lock():
+                app.ctx.active_training_processes.value += 1
+
+            from rasa.model_training import train
+
+            # pass `None` to run in default executor
+            training_result = await train(**training_payload)
+
+            if training_result.model:
+                filename = os.path.basename(training_result.model)
+
+                return await response.file(
+                    training_result.model,
+                    filename=filename,
+                    headers={"filename": filename},
+                )
+            else:
+                raise ErrorResponse(
+                    HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                    "TrainingError",
+                    "Ran training, but it finished without a trained model.",
+                )
+        except ErrorResponse as e:
+            raise e
+        except InvalidDomain as e:
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+                "InvalidDomainError",
+                f"Provided domain file is invalid. Error: {e}",
+            )
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "TrainingError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred during training. Error: {e}",
+            )
+        finally:
+            with app.ctx.active_training_processes.get_lock():
+                app.ctx.active_training_processes.value -= 1
+
+    @app.post("/model/test/stories")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app, require_core_is_ready=True)
+    @inject_temp_dir
+    async def evaluate_stories(
+        request: Request, temporary_directory: Path
+    ) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Evaluate stories against the currently loaded model."""
+        validate_request_body(
+            request,
+            "You must provide some stories in the request body in order to "
+            "evaluate your model.",
+        )
+
+        test_data = _test_data_file_from_payload(request, temporary_directory)
+
+        e2e = rasa.utils.endpoints.bool_arg(request, "e2e", default=False)
+
+        try:
+            evaluation = await test(
+                test_data, app.ctx.agent, e2e=e2e, disable_plotting=True
+            )
+            return response.json(evaluation)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "TestingError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred during evaluation. Error: {e}",
+            )
+
+    @app.post("/model/test/intents")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @async_if_callback_url
+    @run_in_thread
+    @inject_temp_dir
+    async def evaluate_intents(
+        request: Request, temporary_directory: Path
+    ) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Evaluate intents against a Rasa model."""
+        validate_request_body(
+            request,
+            "You must provide some nlu data in the request body in order to "
+            "evaluate your model.",
+        )
+
+        cross_validation_folds = request.args.get("cross_validation_folds")
+        is_yaml_payload = request.headers.get("Content-type") == YAML_CONTENT_TYPE
+        test_coroutine = None
+
+        if is_yaml_payload:
+            payload = _training_payload_from_yaml(request, temporary_directory)
+            config_file = payload.get("config")
+            test_data = payload.get("training_files")
+
+            if cross_validation_folds:
+                test_coroutine = _cross_validate(
+                    test_data, config_file, int(cross_validation_folds)
+                )
+        else:
+            payload = _nlu_training_payload_from_json(request, temporary_directory)
+            test_data = payload.get("training_files")
+
+            if cross_validation_folds:
+                raise ErrorResponse(
+                    HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+                    "TestingError",
+                    "Cross-validation is only supported for YAML data.",
+                )
+
+        if not cross_validation_folds:
+            test_coroutine = _evaluate_model_using_test_set(
+                request.args.get("model"), test_data
+            )
+
+        try:
+            if test_coroutine is not None:
+                evaluation = await test_coroutine
+            return response.json(evaluation)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "TestingError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred during evaluation. Error: {e}",
+            )
+
+    async def _evaluate_model_using_test_set(
+        model_path: Text, test_data_file: Text
+    ) -> Dict:
+        logger.info("Starting model evaluation using test set.")
+
+        eval_agent = app.ctx.agent
+
+        if model_path:
+            model_server = app.ctx.agent.model_server
+            if model_server is not None:
+                model_server = model_server.copy()
+                model_server.url = model_path
+                # Set wait time between pulls to `0` so that the agent does not schedule
+                # a job to pull the model from the server
+                model_server.kwargs["wait_time_between_pulls"] = 0
+            eval_agent = await _load_agent(
+                model_path=model_path,
+                model_server=model_server,
+                remote_storage=app.ctx.agent.remote_storage,
+            )
+
+        data_path = os.path.abspath(test_data_file)
+
+        if not eval_agent.is_ready():
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.CONFLICT, "Conflict", "Loaded model file not found."
+            )
+
+        return await rasa.nlu.test.run_evaluation(
+            data_path, eval_agent.processor, disable_plotting=True, report_as_dict=True
+        )
+
+    async def _cross_validate(data_file: Text, config_file: Text, folds: int) -> Dict:
+        logger.info(f"Starting cross-validation with {folds} folds.")
+        importer = TrainingDataImporter.load_from_dict(
+            config=None, config_path=config_file, training_data_paths=[data_file]
+        )
+        config = importer.get_config()
+        nlu_data = importer.get_nlu_data()
+
+        evaluations = await rasa.nlu.test.cross_validate(
+            data=nlu_data,
+            n_folds=folds,
+            nlu_config=config,
+            disable_plotting=True,
+            errors=True,
+            report_as_dict=True,
+        )
+        evaluation_results = _get_evaluation_results(*evaluations)
+
+        return evaluation_results
+
+    def _get_evaluation_results(
+        intent_report: CVEvaluationResult,
+        entity_report: CVEvaluationResult,
+        response_selector_report: CVEvaluationResult,
+    ) -> Dict[Text, Any]:
+        eval_name_mapping = {
+            "intent_evaluation": intent_report,
+            "entity_evaluation": entity_report,
+            "response_selection_evaluation": response_selector_report,
+        }
+
+        result: DefaultDict[Text, Any] = defaultdict(dict)
+        for evaluation_name, evaluation in eval_name_mapping.items():
+            report = evaluation.evaluation.get("report", {})
+            averages = report.get("weighted avg", {})
+            result[evaluation_name]["report"] = report
+            result[evaluation_name]["precision"] = averages.get("precision")
+            result[evaluation_name]["f1_score"] = averages.get("1-score")
+            result[evaluation_name]["errors"] = evaluation.evaluation.get("errors", [])
+
+        return result
+
+    @app.post("/model/predict")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app, require_core_is_ready=True)
+    async def tracker_predict(request: Request) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Given a list of events, predicts the next action."""
+        validate_events_in_request_body(request)
+
+        verbosity = event_verbosity_parameter(request, EventVerbosity.AFTER_RESTART)
+        request_params = request.json
+        try:
+            tracker = DialogueStateTracker.from_dict(
+                DEFAULT_SENDER_ID, request_params, app.ctx.agent.domain.slots
+            )
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+                "BadRequest",
+                f"Supplied events are not valid. {e}",
+                {"parameter": "", "in": "body"},
+            )
+
+        try:
+            result = await app.ctx.agent.predict_next_with_tracker(tracker, verbosity)
+
+            return response.json(result)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "PredictionError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+            )
+
+    @app.post("/model/parse")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app)
+    async def parse(request: Request) -> HTTPResponse:
+        validate_request_body(
+            request,
+            "No text message defined in request_body. Add text message to request body "
+            "in order to obtain the intent and extracted entities.",
+        )
+        emulation_mode = request.args.get("emulation_mode")
+        emulator = _create_emulator(emulation_mode)
+
+        try:
+            data = emulator.normalise_request_json(request.json)
+            try:
+                parsed_data = await app.ctx.agent.parse_message(data.get("text"))
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+                raise ErrorResponse(
+                    HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+                    "ParsingError",
+                    f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+                )
+            response_data = emulator.normalise_response_json(parsed_data)
+
+            return response.json(response_data)
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "ParsingError",
+                f"An unexpected error occurred. Error: {e}",
+            )
+
+    @app.put("/model")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    async def load_model(request: Request) -> HTTPResponse:
+        validate_request_body(request, "No path to model file defined in request_body.")
+
+        model_path = request.json.get("model_file", None)
+        model_server = request.json.get("model_server", None)
+
+        remote_storage_argument = request.json.get("remote_storage", None)
+        remote_storage = (
+            parse_remote_storage(remote_storage_argument)
+            if remote_storage_argument
+            else None
+        )
+
+        if model_server:
+            try:
+                model_server = EndpointConfig.from_dict(model_server)
+            except TypeError as e:
+                logger.debug(traceback.format_exc())
+                raise ErrorResponse(
+                    HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+                    "BadRequest",
+                    f"Supplied 'model_server' is not valid. Error: {e}",
+                    {"parameter": "model_server", "in": "body"},
+                )
+
+        new_agent = await _load_agent(
+            model_path=model_path,
+            model_server=model_server,
+            remote_storage=remote_storage,
+            endpoints=endpoints,
+        )
+        new_agent.lock_store = app.ctx.agent.lock_store
+        app.ctx.agent = new_agent
+
+        logger.debug(f"Successfully loaded model '{model_path}'.")
+        return response.json(None, status=HTTPStatus.NO_CONTENT)
+
+    @app.delete("/model")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    async def unload_model(request: Request) -> HTTPResponse:
+        model_file = app.ctx.agent.model_name
+
+        app.ctx.agent = Agent(lock_store=app.ctx.agent.lock_store)
+
+        logger.debug(f"Successfully unloaded model '{model_file}'.")
+        return response.json(None, status=HTTPStatus.NO_CONTENT)
+
+    @app.get("/flows")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    async def get_flows(request: Request) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Get all the flows currently stored by the agent."""
+        processor = app.ctx.agent.processor
+        flows = await processor.get_flows()
+        return response.json(flows.as_json_list())
+
+    @app.get("/domain")
+    @requires_auth(app, auth_token)
+    @ensure_loaded_agent(app)
+    async def get_domain(request: Request) -> HTTPResponse:
+        """Get current domain in yaml or json format."""
+        # FIXME: this is a false positive mypy error after upgrading to 0.931
+        accepts = request.headers.get("Accept", default=JSON_CONTENT_TYPE)
+        if accepts.endswith("json"):
+            domain = app.ctx.agent.domain.as_dict()
+            return response.json(domain)
+        elif accepts.endswith("yml") or accepts.endswith("yaml"):
+            domain_yaml = app.ctx.agent.domain.as_yaml()
+            return response.text(
+                domain_yaml, status=HTTPStatus.OK, content_type=YAML_CONTENT_TYPE
+            )
+        else:
+            raise ErrorResponse(
+                HTTPStatus.NOT_ACCEPTABLE,
+                "NotAcceptable",
+                f"Invalid Accept header. Domain can be "
+                f"provided as "
+                f'json ("Accept: {JSON_CONTENT_TYPE}") or'
+                f'yml ("Accept: {YAML_CONTENT_TYPE}"). '
+                f"Make sure you've set the appropriate Accept "
+                f"header.",
+            )
+
+    return app
+
+
+def _get_output_channel(
+    request: Request, tracker: Optional[DialogueStateTracker]
+) -> OutputChannel:
+    """Returns the `OutputChannel` which should be used for the bot's responses.
+
+    Args:
+        request: HTTP request whose query parameters can specify which `OutputChannel`
+                 should be used.
+        tracker: Tracker for the conversation. Used to get the latest input channel.
+
+    Returns:
+        `OutputChannel` which should be used to return the bot's responses to.
+    """
+    requested_output_channel = request.args.get(OUTPUT_CHANNEL_QUERY_KEY)
+
+    if (
+        requested_output_channel == USE_LATEST_INPUT_CHANNEL_AS_OUTPUT_CHANNEL
+        and tracker
+    ):
+        requested_output_channel = tracker.get_latest_input_channel()
+
+    # Interactive training does not set `input_channels`, hence we have to be cautious
+    registered_input_channels = getattr(request.app.ctx, "input_channels", None) or []
+    matching_channels = [
+        channel
+        for channel in registered_input_channels
+        if channel.name() == requested_output_channel
+    ]
+
+    # Check if matching channels can provide a valid output channel,
+    # otherwise use `CollectingOutputChannel`
+    return reduce(
+        lambda output_channel_created_so_far, input_channel: (
+            input_channel.get_output_channel() or output_channel_created_so_far
+        ),
+        matching_channels,
+        CollectingOutputChannel(),
+    )
+
+
+def _test_data_file_from_payload(request: Request, temporary_directory: Path) -> Text:
+    return str(
+        _training_payload_from_yaml(
+            request,
+            temporary_directory,
+            # test stories have to prefixed with `test_`
+            file_name=f"{TEST_STORIES_FILE_PREFIX}data.yml",
+        )["training_files"]
+    )
+
+
+def _training_payload_from_yaml(
+    request: Request, temp_dir: Path, file_name: Text = "data.yml"
+) -> Dict[Text, Any]:
+    logger.debug("Extracting YAML training data from request body.")
+
+    decoded = request.body.decode(rasa.shared.utils.io.DEFAULT_ENCODING)
+    _validate_yaml_training_payload(decoded)
+
+    training_data = temp_dir / file_name
+    rasa.shared.utils.io.write_text_file(decoded, training_data)
+
+    model_output_directory = str(temp_dir)
+    if rasa.utils.endpoints.bool_arg(request, "save_to_default_model_directory", True):
+        model_output_directory = DEFAULT_MODELS_PATH
+
+    return dict(
+        domain=str(training_data),
+        config=str(training_data),
+        training_files=str(temp_dir),
+        output=model_output_directory,
+        force_training=rasa.utils.endpoints.bool_arg(request, "force_training", False),
+        core_additional_arguments=_extract_core_additional_arguments(request),
+        nlu_additional_arguments=_extract_nlu_additional_arguments(request),
+    )
+
+
+def _nlu_training_payload_from_json(
+    request: Request, temp_dir: Path, file_name: Text = "data.json"
+) -> Dict[Text, Any]:
+    logger.debug("Extracting JSON training data from request body.")
+
+    validate_training_data(
+        request.json,
+        rasa.shared.nlu.training_data.schemas.data_schema.rasa_nlu_data_schema(),
+    )
+    training_data = temp_dir / file_name
+    rasa.shared.utils.io.dump_obj_as_json_to_file(training_data, request.json)
+
+    model_output_directory = str(temp_dir)
+    if rasa.utils.endpoints.bool_arg(request, "save_to_default_model_directory", True):
+        model_output_directory = DEFAULT_MODELS_PATH
+
+    return dict(
+        domain=str(training_data),
+        config=str(training_data),
+        training_files=str(temp_dir),
+        output=model_output_directory,
+        force_training=rasa.utils.endpoints.bool_arg(request, "force_training", False),
+        core_additional_arguments=_extract_core_additional_arguments(request),
+        nlu_additional_arguments=_extract_nlu_additional_arguments(request),
+    )
+
+
+def _validate_nlu_training_data_payload(yaml_text: str) -> None:
+    """Validate the NLU training data payload of the request body."""
+    try:
+        RasaYAMLReader().validate(yaml_text)
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise ErrorResponse(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            "BadRequest",
+            f"The request body does not contain valid YAML. Error: {e}",
+            help_url=DOCS_URL_TRAINING_DATA,
+        )
+
+
+def _validate_flows_payload(yaml_text: str) -> None:
+    """Validate the flows payload of the request body."""
+    try:
+        YAMLFlowsReader().read_from_string(yaml_text)
+    except (YamlException, RasaException) as exc:
+        # if the payload does not contain any flows, we can ignore the error
+        if (
+            hasattr(exc, "validation_errors")
+            and exc.validation_errors is not None
+            and any(
+                [
+                    "'flows' is a required property" in error.message
+                    for error in exc.validation_errors
+                ]
+            )
+        ):
+            return None
+
+        raise ErrorResponse(
+            HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST,
+            "BadRequest",
+            f"The request body does not contain valid YAML. Error: {exc}",
+            help_url=DOCS_URL_FLOWS,
+        )
+
+
+def _validate_yaml_training_payload(yaml_text: str) -> None:
+    """Validate the YAML training payload of the request body."""
+    _validate_nlu_training_data_payload(yaml_text)
+    _validate_flows_payload(yaml_text)
+
+
+def _extract_core_additional_arguments(request: Request) -> Dict[Text, Any]:
+    return {
+        "augmentation_factor": rasa.utils.endpoints.int_arg(request, "augmentation", 50)
+    }
+
+
+def _extract_nlu_additional_arguments(request: Request) -> Dict[Text, Any]:
+    return {"num_threads": rasa.utils.endpoints.int_arg(request, "num_threads", 1)}