ramses-rf 0.22.2__py3-none-any.whl → 0.51.1__py3-none-any.whl

ramses_tx/parsers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2957 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""RAMSES RF - payload processors.
+
+NOTES: aspirations on a consistent Schema, going forward:
+
+  :mode/state: | :bool:  | :mutex (infinitive. vs -ing):      | :flags:
+mode (config.) | enabled | disabled, heat, cool, heat_cool... | ch_enabled, dhw_enabled
+state (action) | active  | idle, heating, cooling...          | is_heating, is_cooling
+
+- prefer: enabled: True over xx_enabled: True (if only ever 1 flag)
+- prefer:  active: True over is_heating: True (if only ever 1 flag)
+- avoid: is_enabled, is_active
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+import re
+from collections.abc import Mapping
+from datetime import datetime as dt, timedelta as td
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
+
+from . import exceptions as exc
+from .address import ALL_DEV_ADDR, NON_DEV_ADDR, hex_id_to_dev_id
+from .const import (
+    DEV_ROLE_MAP,
+    DEV_TYPE_MAP,
+    FAULT_DEVICE_CLASS,
+    FAULT_STATE,
+    FAULT_TYPE,
+    SYS_MODE_MAP,
+    SZ_ACCEPT,
+    SZ_ACTIVE,
+    SZ_BINDINGS,
+    SZ_BYPASS_MODE,
+    SZ_BYPASS_STATE,
+    SZ_CHANGE_COUNTER,
+    SZ_CONFIRM,
+    SZ_DATETIME,
+    SZ_DEMAND,
+    SZ_DEVICE_CLASS,
+    SZ_DEVICE_ID,
+    SZ_DEVICE_ROLE,
+    SZ_DEVICES,
+    SZ_DHW_FLOW_RATE,
+    SZ_DOMAIN_ID,
+    SZ_DOMAIN_IDX,
+    SZ_DURATION,
+    SZ_FAN_MODE,
+    SZ_FAN_RATE,
+    SZ_FAULT_STATE,
+    SZ_FAULT_TYPE,
+    SZ_FRAG_LENGTH,
+    SZ_FRAG_NUMBER,
+    SZ_FRAGMENT,
+    SZ_IS_DST,
+    SZ_LANGUAGE,
+    SZ_LOCAL_OVERRIDE,
+    SZ_LOG_ENTRY,
+    SZ_LOG_IDX,
+    SZ_MAX_TEMP,
+    SZ_MIN_TEMP,
+    SZ_MODE,
+    SZ_MULTIROOM_MODE,
+    SZ_NAME,
+    SZ_OEM_CODE,
+    SZ_OFFER,
+    SZ_OPENWINDOW_FUNCTION,
+    SZ_PAYLOAD,
+    SZ_PHASE,
+    SZ_PRESSURE,
+    SZ_RELAY_DEMAND,
+    SZ_REMAINING_DAYS,
+    SZ_REMAINING_PERCENT,
+    SZ_SETPOINT,
+    SZ_SETPOINT_BOUNDS,
+    SZ_SYSTEM_MODE,
+    SZ_TEMPERATURE,
+    SZ_TIMESTAMP,
+    SZ_TOTAL_FRAGS,
+    SZ_UFH_IDX,
+    SZ_UNTIL,
+    SZ_VALUE,
+    SZ_WINDOW_OPEN,
+    SZ_ZONE_CLASS,
+    SZ_ZONE_IDX,
+    SZ_ZONE_MASK,
+    SZ_ZONE_TYPE,
+    ZON_MODE_MAP,
+    ZON_ROLE_MAP,
+    DevRole,
+    FaultDeviceClass,
+)
+from .fingerprints import check_signature
+from .helpers import (
+    hex_to_bool,
+    hex_to_date,
+    hex_to_dtm,
+    hex_to_dts,
+    hex_to_flag8,
+    hex_to_percent,
+    hex_to_str,
+    hex_to_temp,
+    parse_air_quality,
+    parse_bypass_position,
+    parse_capabilities,
+    parse_co2_level,
+    parse_exhaust_fan_speed,
+    parse_exhaust_flow,
+    parse_exhaust_temp,
+    parse_fan_info,
+    parse_fault_log_entry,
+    parse_humidity_element,
+    parse_indoor_humidity,
+    parse_indoor_temp,
+    parse_outdoor_humidity,
+    parse_outdoor_temp,
+    parse_post_heater,
+    parse_pre_heater,
+    parse_remaining_mins,
+    parse_supply_fan_speed,
+    parse_supply_flow,
+    parse_supply_temp,
+    parse_valve_demand,
+)
+from .opentherm import (
+    EN,
+    SZ_DESCRIPTION,
+    SZ_MSG_ID,
+    SZ_MSG_NAME,
+    SZ_MSG_TYPE,
+    OtMsgType,
+    decode_frame,
+)
+from .ramses import _31D9_FAN_INFO_VASCO, _2411_PARAMS_SCHEMA
+from .typed_dicts import PayDictT
+from .version import VERSION
+
+# Kudos & many thanks to:
+# - Evsdd: 0404 (wow!)
+# - Ierlandfan: 3150, 31D9, 31DA, others
+# - ReneKlootwijk: 3EF0
+# - brucemiranda: 3EF0, others
+# - janvken: 10D0, 1470, 1F70, 22B0, 2411, several others
+# - tomkooij: 3110
+# - RemyDeRuysscher: 10E0, 31DA (and related), others
+# - silverailscolo:  12A0, 31DA, others
+
+
+from .const import (  # noqa: F401, isort: skip, pylint: disable=unused-import
+    I_,
+    RP,
+    RQ,
+    W_,
+    Code,
+)
+from .const import (  # noqa: F401, isort: skip, pylint: disable=unused-import
+    F6,
+    F8,
+    F9,
+    FA,
+    FB,
+    FC,
+    FF,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .message import MessageBase as Message  # HACK: merge MsgBase into Msg
+
+_2411_TABLE = {k: v["description"] for k, v in _2411_PARAMS_SCHEMA.items()}
+
+LOOKUP_PUZZ = {
+    "10": "engine",  # .    # version str, e.g. v0.14.0
+    "11": "impersonating",  # pkt header, e.g. 30C9| I|03:123001 (15 characters, packed)
+    "12": "message",  # .   # message only, max len is 16 ascii characters
+    "13": "message",  # .   # message only, but without a timestamp, max len 22 chars
+    "20": "engine",  # .    # version str, e.g. v0.50.0, has higher-precision timestamp
+    "7F": "null",  # .      # packet is null / was nullified: payload to be ignored
+}  # "00" is reserved
+
+
+_INFORM_DEV_MSG = "Support the development of ramses_rf by reporting this packet"
+
+
+_LOGGER = _PKT_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# rf_unknown
+def parser_0001(payload: str, msg: Message) -> Mapping[str, bool | str | None]:
+    # When in test mode, a 12: will send a W ?every 6 seconds:
+    # 12:39:56.099 061  W --- 12:010740 --:------ 12:010740 0001 005 0000000501
+    # 12:40:02.098 061  W --- 12:010740 --:------ 12:010740 0001 005 0000000501
+    # 12:40:08.099 058  W --- 12:010740 --:------ 12:010740 0001 005 0000000501
+
+    # sent by a THM when is signal strength test mode (0505, except 1st pkt)
+    # 13:48:38.518 080  W --- 12:010740 --:------ 12:010740 0001 005 0000000501
+    # 13:48:45.518 074  W --- 12:010740 --:------ 12:010740 0001 005 0000000505
+    # 13:48:50.518 077  W --- 12:010740 --:------ 12:010740 0001 005 0000000505
+
+    # sent by a CTL before a rf_check
+    # 15:12:47.769 053  W --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0001 005 FC00000505
+    # 15:12:47.869 053 RQ --- 01:145038 13:237335 --:------ 0016 002 00FF
+    # 15:12:47.880 053 RP --- 13:237335 01:145038 --:------ 0016 002 0017
+
+    # 12:30:18.083 047  W --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0001 005 0800000505
+    # 12:30:23.084 049  W --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0001 005 0800000505
+
+    # 15:03:33.187 054  W --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0001 005 FC00000505
+    # 15:03:38.188 063  W --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0001 005 FC00000505
+    # 15:03:43.188 064  W --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0001 005 FC00000505
+    # 15:13:19.757 053  W --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0001 005 FF00000505
+    # 15:13:24.758 054  W --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0001 005 FF00000505
+    # 15:13:29.758 068  W --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0001 005 FF00000505
+    # 15:13:34.759 063  W --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0001 005 FF00000505
+
+    # sent by a CTL
+    # 16:49:46.125 057  W --- 04:166090 --:------ 01:032820 0001 005 0100000505
+    # 16:53:34.635 058  W --- 04:166090 --:------ 01:032820 0001 005 0100000505
+
+    # loopback (not Tx'd) by a HGI80 whenever its button is pressed
+    # 00:22:41.540 ---  I --- --:------ --:------ --:------ 0001 005 00FFFF02FF
+    # 00:22:41.757 ---  I --- --:------ --:------ --:------ 0001 005 00FFFF0200
+    # 00:22:43.320 ---  I --- --:------ --:------ --:------ 0001 005 00FFFF02FF
+    # 00:22:43.415 ---  I --- --:------ --:------ --:------ 0001 005 00FFFF0200
+
+    # From a CM927:
+    # W/--:/--:/12:/00-0000-0501 = Test transmit
+    # W/--:/--:/12:/00-0000-0505 = Field strength
+
+    if payload[2:6] in ("2000", "8000", "A000"):
+        mode = "hvac"
+    elif payload[2:6] in ("0000", "FFFF"):
+        mode = "heat"
+    else:
+        mode = "heat"
+
+    if mode == "hvac":
+        result: dict[str, bool | str | None]
+
+        assert payload[:2] == "00", payload[:2]
+        # assert payload[2:4] in ("20", "80", "A0"), payload[2:4]
+        # assert payload[4:6] == "00", payload[4:6]
+        assert payload[8:10] in ("00", "04", "10", "20", "FF"), payload[8:10]
+
+        result = {"payload": payload, "slot_num": payload[6:8]}
+        if msg.len >= 6:
+            result.update({"param_num": payload[10:12]})
+        if msg.len >= 7:
+            result.update({"next_slot_num": payload[12:14]})
+        if msg.len >= 8:
+            _14 = None if payload[14:16] == "FF" else bool(int(payload[14:16]))
+            result.update({"boolean_14": _14})
+        return result
+
+    assert payload[2:6] in ("0000", "FFFF"), payload[2:6]
+    assert payload[8:10] in ("00", "02", "05"), payload[8:10]
+
+    return {
+        SZ_PAYLOAD: "-".join((payload[:2], payload[2:6], payload[6:8], payload[8:])),
+    }
+
+
+# outdoor_sensor (outdoor_weather / outdoor_temperature)
+def parser_0002(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    if payload[6:] == "02":  # or: msg.src.type == DEV_TYPE_MAP.OUT:
+        return {
+            SZ_TEMPERATURE: hex_to_temp(payload[2:6]),
+            "_unknown": payload[6:],
+        }
+
+    return {"_payload": payload}
+
+
+# zone_name
+def parser_0004(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._0004:
+    # RQ payload is zz00; limited to 12 chars in evohome UI? if "7F"*20: not a zone
+
+    return {} if payload[4:] == "7F" * 20 else {SZ_NAME: hex_to_str(payload[4:])}
+
+
+# system_zones (add/del a zone?)  # TODO: needs a cleanup
+def parser_0005(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict | list[dict]:  # TODO: only dict
+    # .I --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0005 004 00000100
+    # RP --- 02:017205 18:073736 --:------ 0005 004 0009001F
+    # .I --- 34:064023 --:------ 34:064023 0005 012 000A0000-000F0000-00100000
+
+    def _parser(seqx: str) -> dict:
+        if msg.src.type == DEV_TYPE_MAP.UFC:  # DEX, or use: seqx[2:4] == ...
+            zone_mask = hex_to_flag8(seqx[6:8], lsb=True)
+        elif msg.len == 3:  # ATC928G1000 - 1st gen monochrome model, max 8 zones
+            zone_mask = hex_to_flag8(seqx[4:6], lsb=True)
+        else:
+            zone_mask = hex_to_flag8(seqx[4:6], lsb=True) + hex_to_flag8(
+                seqx[6:8], lsb=True
+            )
+        zone_class = ZON_ROLE_MAP.get(seqx[2:4], DEV_ROLE_MAP[seqx[2:4]])
+        return {
+            SZ_ZONE_TYPE: seqx[2:4],  # TODO: ?remove & keep zone_class?
+            SZ_ZONE_MASK: zone_mask,
+            SZ_ZONE_CLASS: zone_class,  # TODO: ?remove & keep zone_type?
+        }
+
+    if msg.verb == RQ:  # RQs have a context: zone_type
+        return {SZ_ZONE_TYPE: payload[2:4], SZ_ZONE_CLASS: DEV_ROLE_MAP[payload[2:4]]}
+
+    if msg._has_array:
+        assert msg.verb == I_ and msg.src.type == DEV_TYPE_MAP.RND, (
+            f"{msg!r} # expecting I/{DEV_TYPE_MAP.RND}:"
+        )  # DEX
+        return [_parser(payload[i : i + 8]) for i in range(0, len(payload), 8)]
+
+    return _parser(payload)
+
+
+# schedule_sync (any changes?)
+def parser_0006(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._0006:
+    """Return the total number of changes to the schedules, including the DHW schedule.
+
+    An RQ is sent every ~60s by a RFG100, an increase will prompt it to send a run of
+    RQ|0404s (it seems to assume only the zones may have changed?).
+    """
+    # 16:10:34.288 053 RQ --- 30:071715 01:145038 --:------ 0006 001 00
+    # 16:10:34.291 053 RP --- 01:145038 30:071715 --:------ 0006 004 00050008
+
+    if payload[2:] == "FFFFFF":  # RP to an invalid RQ
+        return {}
+
+    assert payload[2:4] == "05"
+
+    return {
+        SZ_CHANGE_COUNTER: None if payload[4:] == "FFFF" else int(payload[4:], 16),
+    }
+
+
+# relay_demand (domain/zone/device)
+def parser_0008(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._0008:
+    # https://www.domoticaforum.eu/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=5806&start=105#p73681
+    # e.g. Electric Heat Zone
+
+    # .I --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0008 002 0314
+    # .I --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0008 002 F914
+    # .I --- 01:054173 --:------ 01:054173 0008 002 FA00
+    # .I --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 0008 002 FC14
+
+    # RP --- 13:109598 18:199952 --:------ 0008 002 0000
+    # RP --- 13:109598 18:199952 --:------ 0008 002 00C8
+
+    if msg.src.type == DEV_TYPE_MAP.JST and msg.len == 13:  # Honeywell Japser, DEX
+        assert msg.len == 13, "expecting length 13"
+        return {  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]
+            "ordinal": f"0x{payload[2:8]}",
+            "blob": payload[8:],
+        }
+
+    return {SZ_RELAY_DEMAND: hex_to_percent(payload[2:4])}  # 3EF0[2:4], 3EF1[10:12]
+
+
+# relay_failsafe
+def parser_0009(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict | list[dict]:  # TODO: only dict
+    """The relay failsafe mode.
+
+    The failsafe mode defines the relay behaviour if the RF communication is lost (e.g.
+    when a room thermostat stops communicating due to discharged batteries):
+        False (disabled) - if RF comms are lost, relay will be held in OFF position
+        True  (enabled)  - if RF comms are lost, relay will cycle at 20% ON, 80% OFF
+
+    This setting may need to be enabled to ensure frost protect mode.
+    """
+    # can get: 003 or 006, e.g.: FC01FF-F901FF or FC00FF-F900FF
+    # .I --- 23:100224 --:------ 23:100224 0009 003 0100FF  # 2-zone ST9520C
+    # .I --- 10:040239 01:223036 --:------ 0009 003 000000
+
+    def _parser(seqx: str) -> dict:
+        assert seqx[:2] in (F9, FC) or int(seqx[:2], 16) < 16
+        return {
+            SZ_DOMAIN_ID if seqx[:1] == "F" else SZ_ZONE_IDX: seqx[:2],
+            "failsafe_enabled": {"00": False, "01": True}.get(seqx[2:4]),
+            "unknown_0": seqx[4:],
+        }
+
+    if msg._has_array:
+        return [_parser(payload[i : i + 6]) for i in range(0, len(payload), 6)]
+
+    return {
+        "failsafe_enabled": {"00": False, "01": True}.get(payload[2:4]),
+        "unknown_0": payload[4:],
+    }
+
+
+# zone_params (zone_config)
+def parser_000a(
+    payload: str, msg: Message
+) -> PayDictT._000A | list[PayDictT._000A] | PayDictT.EMPTY:
+    def _parser(seqx: str) -> PayDictT._000A:  # null_rp: "007FFF7FFF"
+        bitmap = int(seqx[2:4], 16)
+        return {
+            SZ_MIN_TEMP: hex_to_temp(seqx[4:8]),
+            SZ_MAX_TEMP: hex_to_temp(seqx[8:]),
+            SZ_LOCAL_OVERRIDE: not bool(bitmap & 1),
+            SZ_OPENWINDOW_FUNCTION: not bool(bitmap & 2),
+            SZ_MULTIROOM_MODE: not bool(bitmap & 16),
+            "_unknown_bitmap": f"0b{bitmap:08b}",  # TODO: try W with this
+        }  # cannot determine zone_type from this information
+
+    if msg._has_array:  # NOTE: these arrays can span 2 pkts!
+        return [
+            {
+                SZ_ZONE_IDX: payload[i : i + 2],
+                **_parser(payload[i : i + 12]),
+            }
+            for i in range(0, len(payload), 12)
+        ]
+
+    if msg.verb == RQ and msg.len <= 2:  # some RQs have a payload (why?)
+        return {}
+
+    assert msg.len == 6, f"{msg!r} # expecting length 006"
+    return _parser(payload)
+
+
+# zone_devices
+def parser_000c(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # .I --- 34:092243 --:------ 34:092243 000C 018 00-0A-7F-FFFFFF 00-0F-7F-FFFFFF 00-10-7F-FFFFFF  # noqa: E501
+    # RP --- 01:145038 18:013393 --:------ 000C 006 00-00-00-10DAFD
+    # RP --- 01:145038 18:013393 --:------ 000C 012 01-00-00-10DAF5 01-00-00-10DAFB
+
+    def complex_idx(seqx: str, msg: Message) -> dict:  # complex index
+        """domain_id, zone_idx, or ufx_idx|zone_idx."""
+
+        # TODO: 000C to a UFC should be ufh_ifx, not zone_idx
+        if msg.src.type == DEV_TYPE_MAP.UFC:  # DEX
+            assert int(seqx, 16) < 8, f"invalid ufh_idx: '{seqx}' (0x00)"
+            return {
+                SZ_UFH_IDX: seqx,
+                SZ_ZONE_IDX: None if payload[4:6] == "7F" else payload[4:6],
+            }
+
+        if payload[2:4] in (DEV_ROLE_MAP.DHW, DEV_ROLE_MAP.HTG):
+            assert int(seqx, 16) < 1 if payload[2:4] == DEV_ROLE_MAP.DHW else 2, (
+                f"invalid _idx: '{seqx}' (0x01)"
+            )
+            return {SZ_DOMAIN_ID: FA if payload[:2] == "00" else F9}
+
+        if payload[2:4] == DEV_ROLE_MAP.APP:
+            assert int(seqx, 16) < 1, f"invalid _idx: '{seqx}' (0x02)"
+            return {SZ_DOMAIN_ID: FC}
+
+        assert int(seqx, 16) < 16, f"invalid zone_idx: '{seqx}' (0x03)"
+        return {SZ_ZONE_IDX: seqx}
+
+    def _parser(
+        seqx: str,
+    ) -> dict:  # TODO: assumption that all id/idx are same is wrong!
+        assert seqx[:2] == payload[:2], (
+            f"idx != {payload[:2]} (seqx = {seqx}), short={is_short_000C(payload)}"
+        )
+        assert int(seqx[:2], 16) < 16
+        assert seqx[4:6] == "7F" or seqx[6:] != "F" * 6, f"Bad device_id: {seqx[6:]}"
+        return {hex_id_to_dev_id(seqx[6:12]): seqx[4:6]}
+
+    def is_short_000C(payload: str) -> bool:
+        """Return True if it is a short 000C (element length is 5, not 6)."""
+
+        if (pkt_len := len(payload)) != 72:
+            return pkt_len % 12 != 0
+
+        # 0608-001099C3 0608-001099C5 0608-001099BF 0608-001099BE 0608-001099BD 0608-001099BC  # len(element) = 6
+        # 0508-00109901 0800-10990208 0010-99030800 1099-04080010 9905-08001099 0608-00109907  # len(element) = 5
+        elif all(payload[i : i + 4] == payload[:4] for i in range(12, pkt_len, 12)):
+            return False  # len(element) = 6 (12)
+
+        # 06 08-001099C3 06-08001099 C5-06080010 99-BF060800 10-99BE0608 00-1099BD06 08-001099BC  # len(element) = 6
+        # 05 08-00109901 08-00109902 08-00109903 08-00109904 08-00109905 08-00109906 08-00109907  # len(element) = 5
+        elif all(payload[i : i + 2] == payload[2:4] for i in range(12, pkt_len, 10)):
+            return True  # len(element) = 5 (10)
+
+        raise exc.PacketPayloadInvalid(
+            "Unable to determine element length"
+        )  # return None
+
+    if payload[2:4] == DEV_ROLE_MAP.HTG and payload[:2] == "01":
+        dev_role = DEV_ROLE_MAP[DevRole.HT1]
+    else:
+        dev_role = DEV_ROLE_MAP[payload[2:4]]
+
+    result = {
+        SZ_ZONE_TYPE: payload[2:4],
+        **complex_idx(payload[:2], msg),
+        SZ_DEVICE_ROLE: dev_role,
+    }
+    if msg.verb == RQ:  # RQs have a context: index, zone_type, payload is iitt
+        return result
+
+    # NOTE: Both these are valid! So collision when len = 036!
+    # RP --- 01:239474 18:198929 --:------ 000C 012 06-00-00119A99 06-00-00119B21
+    # RP --- 01:069616 18:205592 --:------ 000C 011 01-00-00121B54    00-00121B52
+    # RP --- 01:239700 18:009874 --:------ 000C 018 07-08-001099C3 07-08-001099C5 07-08-001099BF
+    # RP --- 01:059885 18:010642 --:------ 000C 016 00-00-0011EDAA    00-0011ED92    00-0011EDA0
+
+    devs = (
+        [_parser(payload[:2] + payload[i : i + 10]) for i in range(2, len(payload), 10)]
+        if is_short_000C(payload)
+        else [_parser(payload[i : i + 12]) for i in range(0, len(payload), 12)]
+    )
+
+    return {
+        **result,
+        SZ_DEVICES: [k for d in devs for k, v in d.items() if v != "7F"],
+    }
+
+
+# unknown_000e, from STA
+def parser_000e(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    assert payload in ("000014", "000028"), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        SZ_PAYLOAD: payload,
+    }
+
+
+# rf_check
+def parser_0016(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # TODO: does 0016 include parent_idx?, but RQ|07:|0000?
+    # RQ --- 22:060293 01:078710 --:------ 0016 002 0200
+    # RP --- 01:078710 22:060293 --:------ 0016 002 021E
+    # RQ --- 12:010740 01:145038 --:------ 0016 002 0800
+    # RP --- 01:145038 12:010740 --:------ 0016 002 081E
+    # RQ --- 07:031785 01:063844 --:------ 0016 002 0000
+    # RP --- 01:063844 07:031785 --:------ 0016 002 002A
+
+    if msg.verb == RQ:  # and msg.len == 1:  # TODO: some RQs have a payload
+        return {}
+
+    rf_value = int(payload[2:4], 16)
+    return {
+        "rf_strength": min(int(rf_value / 5) + 1, 5),
+        "rf_value": rf_value,
+    }
+
+
+# language (of device/system)
+def parser_0100(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._0100 | PayDictT.EMPTY:
+    if msg.verb == RQ and msg.len == 1:  # some RQs have a payload
+        return {}
+
+    return {
+        SZ_LANGUAGE: hex_to_str(payload[2:6]),
+        "_unknown_0": payload[6:],
+    }
+
+
+# unknown_0150, from OTB
+def parser_0150(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    assert payload == "000000", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        SZ_PAYLOAD: payload,
+    }
+
+
+# unknown_01d0, from a HR91 (when its buttons are pushed)
+def parser_01d0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # 23:57:28.869 045  W --- 04:000722 01:158182 --:------ 01D0 002 0003
+    # 23:57:28.931 045  I --- 01:158182 04:000722 --:------ 01D0 002 0003
+    # 23:57:31.581 048  W --- 04:000722 01:158182 --:------ 01E9 002 0003
+    # 23:57:31.643 045  I --- 01:158182 04:000722 --:------ 01E9 002 0000
+    # 23:57:31.749 050  W --- 04:000722 01:158182 --:------ 01D0 002 0000
+    # 23:57:31.811 045  I --- 01:158182 04:000722 --:------ 01D0 002 0000
+
+    assert payload[2:] in ("00", "03"), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    return {
+        "unknown_0": payload[2:],
+    }
+
+
+# unknown_01e9, from a HR91 (when its buttons are pushed)
+def parser_01e9(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # 23:57:31.581348 048  W --- 04:000722 01:158182 --:------ 01E9 002 0003
+    # 23:57:31.643188 045  I --- 01:158182 04:000722 --:------ 01E9 002 0000
+
+    assert payload[2:] in ("00", "03"), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    return {
+        "unknown_0": payload[2:],
+    }
+
+
+# unknown_01ff, to/from a Itho Spider/Thermostat
+def parser_01ff(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # see: https://github.com/zxdavb/ramses_rf/issues/73 & 101
+
+    # lots of '80's, and I see temps are `int(payload[6:8], 16) / 2`, so I wonder if 0x80 is N/A?
+    # also is '7F'
+
+    # return {
+    #     "dis_temp": None if payload[4:6] == "80" else int(payload[4:6], 16) / 2,
+    #     "set_temp": int(payload[6:8], 16) / 2,
+    #     "max_temp": int(payload[8:10], 16) / 2,  # 22C9 - temp high
+    #     "mode_val": payload[10:12],
+    #     "mode_xxx": payload[10:11] in ("9", "B", "D") and payload[11:12] in ("0", "2"),
+    # }
+
+    assert payload[:4] in ("0080", "0180"), f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[:4]})"
+    assert payload[12:14] == "00", f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[12:14]})"
+    # assert payload[16:22] in (
+    #     "00143C",
+    #     "002430",
+    #     "7F8080",
+    # ), f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[16:22]})"  # idx|25.9C?
+    assert payload[26:30] == "0000", f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[26:30]})"
+    assert payload[34:46] == "80800280FF80", f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[34:46]})"
+    # assert payload[48:] in (
+    #     "0000",
+    #     "0020",
+    #     "0084",
+    #     "00A4",
+    # ), f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[48:]})"
+
+    if msg.verb in (I_, RQ):  # from Spider thermostat to gateway
+        assert payload[14:16] == "80", f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[14:16]})"
+        # assert payload[22:26] in (
+        #     "2832",
+        #     "2840",
+        # ), f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[22:26]})"
+        # assert payload[30:34] in (
+        #     "0104",
+        #     "4402",
+        #     "C102",
+        #     "C402",
+        # ), f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[30:34]})"
+        assert payload[46:48] in ("04", "07"), f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[46:48]})"
+
+    if msg.verb in (RP, W_):  # from Spider gateway to thermostat
+        # assert payload[14:16] in (
+        #     "00",
+        #     "7F",
+        #     "80",
+        # ), f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[14:16]})"
+        # assert payload[22:26] in (
+        #     "2840",
+        #     "8080",
+        # ), f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[22:26]})"
+        # assert payload[30:34] in (
+        #     "0104",
+        #     "3100",
+        #     "3700",
+        #     "B400",
+        # ), f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[30:34]})"
+        assert payload[46:48] in (
+            "00",
+            "04",
+            "07",
+        ), f"{_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({payload[46:48]})"
+
+    setpoint_bounds = (
+        int(payload[6:8], 16) / 2,  # as: 22C9[2:6] and [6:10] ???
+        None if msg.verb in (RP, W_) else int(payload[8:10], 16) / 2,
+    )
+
+    return {
+        SZ_TEMPERATURE: None if msg.verb in (RP, W_) else int(payload[4:6], 16) / 2,
+        SZ_SETPOINT_BOUNDS: setpoint_bounds,
+        "time_planning": not bool(int(payload[10:12], 16) & 1 << 6),
+        "temp_adjusted": bool(int(payload[10:12], 16) & 1 << 5),
+        "_flags_10": payload[10:12],  #
+    }
+
+
+# zone_schedule (fragment)
+def parser_0404(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._0404:
+    # Retrieval of Zone schedule (NB: 200008)
+    # RQ --- 30:185469 01:037519 --:------ 0404 007 00-200008-00-0100
+    # RP --- 01:037519 30:185469 --:------ 0404 048 00-200008-29-0103-6E2...
+    # RQ --- 30:185469 01:037519 --:------ 0404 007 00-200008-00-0203
+    # RP --- 01:037519 30:185469 --:------ 0404 048 00-200008-29-0203-4FD...
+    # RQ --- 30:185469 01:037519 --:------ 0404 007 00-200008-00-0303
+    # RP --- 01:037519 30:185469 --:------ 0404 038 00-200008-1F-0303-C10...
+
+    # Retrieval of DHW schedule (NB: 230008)
+    # RQ --- 30:185469 01:037519 --:------ 0404 007 00-230008-00-0100
+    # RP --- 01:037519 30:185469 --:------ 0404 048 00-230008-29-0103-618...
+    # RQ --- 30:185469 01:037519 --:------ 0404 007 00-230008-00-0203
+    # RP --- 01:037519 30:185469 --:------ 0404 048 00-230008-29-0203-ED6...
+    # RQ --- 30:185469 01:037519 --:------ 0404 007 00-230008-00-0303
+    # RP --- 01:037519 30:185469 --:------ 0404 014 00-230008-07-0303-13F...
+
+    # Write a Zone schedule...
+    # .W --- 30:042165 01:076010 --:------ 0404 048 08-200808-29-0104-688...
+    # .I --- 01:076010 30:042165 --:------ 0404 007 08-200808-29-0104
+    # .W --- 30:042165 01:076010 --:------ 0404 048 08-200808-29-0204-007...
+    # .I --- 01:076010 30:042165 --:------ 0404 007 08-200808-29-0204
+    # .W --- 30:042165 01:076010 --:------ 0404 048 08-200808-29-0304-8DD...
+    # .I --- 01:076010 30:042165 --:------ 0404 007 08-200808-29-0304
+    # .W --- 30:042165 01:076010 --:------ 0404 048 08-200808-11-0404-970...
+    # .I --- 01:076010 30:042165 --:------ 0404 007 08-200808-11-0400
+
+    # RP --- 01:145038 18:013393 --:------ 0404 007 00-230008-00-01FF  # no schedule
+
+    assert payload[4:6] in ("00", payload[:2]), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    if int(payload[8:10], 16) * 2 != (frag_length := len(payload[14:])) and (
+        msg.verb != I_ or frag_length != 0
+    ):
+        raise exc.PacketPayloadInvalid(f"Incorrect fragment length: 0x{payload[8:10]}")
+
+    if msg.verb == RQ:  # have a ctx: idx|frag_idx
+        return {
+            SZ_FRAG_NUMBER: int(payload[10:12], 16),
+            SZ_TOTAL_FRAGS: None if payload[12:14] == "00" else int(payload[12:14], 16),
+        }
+
+    if msg.verb == I_:  # have a ctx: idx|frag_idx
+        return {
+            SZ_FRAG_NUMBER: int(payload[10:12], 16),
+            SZ_TOTAL_FRAGS: int(payload[12:14], 16),
+            SZ_FRAG_LENGTH: None if payload[8:10] == "00" else int(payload[8:10], 16),
+        }
+
+    if payload[12:14] == FF:
+        return {
+            SZ_FRAG_NUMBER: int(payload[10:12], 16),
+            SZ_TOTAL_FRAGS: None,
+        }
+
+    return {
+        SZ_FRAG_NUMBER: int(payload[10:12], 16),
+        SZ_TOTAL_FRAGS: int(payload[12:14], 16),
+        SZ_FRAG_LENGTH: None if payload[8:10] == "FF" else int(payload[8:10], 16),
+        SZ_FRAGMENT: payload[14:],
+    }
+
+
+# system_fault (fault_log_entry) - needs refactoring
+def parser_0418(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._0418 | PayDictT._0418_NULL:
+    null_result: PayDictT._0418_NULL
+    full_result: PayDictT._0418
+
+    # assert int(payload[4:6], 16) < 64, f"Unexpected log_idx: 0x{payload[4:6]}"
+
+    # RQ --- 18:017804 01:145038 --:------ 0418 003 000005                                        # log_idx=0x05
+    # RP --- 01:145038 18:017804 --:------ 0418 022 000005B0040000000000CD17B5AE7FFFFF7000000001  # log_idx=0x05
+
+    # RQ --- 18:017804 01:145038 --:------ 0418 003 000006                                        # log_idx=0x06
+    # RP --- 01:145038 18:017804 --:------ 0418 022 000000B0000000000000000000007FFFFF7000000000  # log_idx=None (00)
+
+    if msg.verb == RQ:  # has a ctx: log_idx
+        null_result = {SZ_LOG_IDX: payload[4:6]}  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]
+        return null_result
+
+    # NOTE: such payloads have idx=="00": if verb is I, can safely assume log_idx is 0,
+    # but for RP it is sentinel for null (we can't know the corresponding RQ's log_idx)
+    elif hex_to_dts(payload[18:30]) is None:
+        null_result = {SZ_LOG_ENTRY: None}
+        if msg.verb == I_:
+            null_result = {SZ_LOG_IDX: payload[4:6]} | null_result  # type: ignore[assignment]
+        return null_result
+
+    try:
+        assert payload[2:4] in FAULT_STATE, f"fault state: {payload[2:4]}"
+        assert payload[8:10] in FAULT_TYPE, f"fault type: {payload[8:10]}"
+        assert payload[12:14] in FAULT_DEVICE_CLASS, f"device class: {payload[12:14]}"
+        # 1C: 'Comms fault, Actuator': seen with boiler relays
+        assert int(payload[10:12], 16) < 16 or (
+            payload[10:12] in ("1C", F6, F9, FA, FC)
+        ), f"domain id: {payload[10:12]}"
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(
+            f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err}), with a photo of your fault log"
+        )
+
+    # log_entry will not be None, because of guard clauses, above
+    log_entry: PayDictT.FAULT_LOG_ENTRY = parse_fault_log_entry(payload)  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+    # log_idx is not intrinsic to the fault & increments as the fault moves down the log
+    log_entry.pop(f"_{SZ_LOG_IDX}")  # type: ignore[misc]
+
+    _KEYS = (SZ_TIMESTAMP, SZ_FAULT_STATE, SZ_FAULT_TYPE)
+    entry = [v for k, v in log_entry.items() if k in _KEYS]
+
+    if log_entry[SZ_DEVICE_CLASS] != FaultDeviceClass.ACTUATOR:
+        entry.append(log_entry[SZ_DEVICE_CLASS])
+    elif log_entry[SZ_DOMAIN_IDX] == FC:
+        entry.append(DEV_ROLE_MAP[DevRole.APP])  # actual evohome UI
+    elif log_entry[SZ_DOMAIN_IDX] == FA:
+        entry.append(DEV_ROLE_MAP[DevRole.HTG])  # speculative
+    elif log_entry[SZ_DOMAIN_IDX] == F9:
+        entry.append(DEV_ROLE_MAP[DevRole.HT1])  # speculative
+    else:
+        entry.append(FaultDeviceClass.ACTUATOR)
+
+    # TODO: remove the qualifier (the assert is false)
+    if log_entry[SZ_DEVICE_CLASS] != FaultDeviceClass.CONTROLLER:
+        # assert log_entry[SZ_DOMAIN_IDX] == "00", log_entry[SZ_DOMAIN_IDX]
+        # key_name = SZ_ZONE_IDX if int(payload[10:12], 16) < 16 else SZ_DOMAIN_ID
+        # log_entry.update({key_name: payload[10:12]})
+        entry.append(log_entry[SZ_DOMAIN_IDX])
+
+    if log_entry[SZ_DEVICE_ID] not in ("00:000000", "00:000001", "00:000002"):
+        # "00:000001 for Controller? "00:000002 for Unknown?
+        entry.append(log_entry[SZ_DEVICE_ID])
+
+    entry.extend((payload[6:8], payload[14:18], payload[30:38]))  # TODO: remove?
+
+    full_result = {
+        SZ_LOG_IDX: payload[4:6],  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]
+        SZ_LOG_ENTRY: tuple([str(r) for r in entry]),
+    }
+    return full_result
+
+
+# unknown_042f, from STA, VMS
+def parser_042f(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "counter_1": f"0x{payload[2:6]}",
+        "counter_3": f"0x{payload[6:10]}",
+        "counter_5": f"0x{payload[10:14]}",
+        "unknown_7": f"0x{payload[14:]}",
+    }
+
+
+# TODO: unknown_0b04, from THM (only when its a CTL?)
+def parser_0b04(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # .I --- --:------ --:------ 12:207082 0B04 002 00C8  # batch of 3, every 24h
+
+    return {
+        "unknown_1": payload[2:],
+    }
+
+
+# mixvalve_config (zone), FAN
+def parser_1030(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1030:
+    # .I --- 01:145038 --:------ 01:145038 1030 016 0A-C80137-C9010F-CA0196-CB0100-CC0101
+    # .I --- --:------ --:------ 12:144017 1030 016 01-C80137-C9010F-CA0196-CB010F-CC0101
+    # RP --- 32:155617 18:005904 --:------ 1030 007 00-200100-21011F
+
+    def _parser(seqx: str) -> dict:
+        assert seqx[2:4] == "01", seqx[2:4]
+
+        param_name = {
+            "20": "unknown_20",  # HVAC
+            "21": "unknown_21",  # HVAC
+            "C8": "max_flow_setpoint",  # 55 (0-99) C
+            "C9": "min_flow_setpoint",  # 15 (0-50) C
+            "CA": "valve_run_time",  # 150 (0-240) sec, aka actuator_run_time
+            "CB": "pump_run_time",  # 15 (0-99) sec
+            "CC": "boolean_cc",  # ?boolean?
+        }[seqx[:2]]
+
+        return {param_name: int(seqx[4:], 16)}
+
+    assert (msg.len - 1) / 3 in (2, 5), msg.len
+    # assert payload[30:] in ("00", "01"), payload[30:]
+
+    params = [_parser(payload[i : i + 6]) for i in range(2, len(payload), 6)]
+    return {k: v for x in params for k, v in x.items()}  # type: ignore[return-value]
+
+
+# device_battery (battery_state)
+def parser_1060(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1060:
+    """Return the battery state.
+
+    Some devices (04:) will also report battery level.
+    """
+
+    assert msg.len == 3, msg.len
+    assert payload[4:6] in ("00", "01")
+
+    return {
+        "battery_low": payload[4:] == "00",
+        "battery_level": None if payload[2:4] == "00" else hex_to_percent(payload[2:4]),
+    }
+
+
+# max_ch_setpoint (supply high limit)
+def parser_1081(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1081:
+    return {SZ_SETPOINT: hex_to_temp(payload[2:])}
+
+
+# unknown_1090 (non-Evohome, e.g. ST9520C)
+def parser_1090(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1090:
+    # 14:08:05.176 095 RP --- 23:100224 22:219457 --:------ 1090 005 007FFF01F4
+    # 18:08:05.809 095 RP --- 23:100224 22:219457 --:------ 1090 005 007FFF01F4
+
+    # this is an educated guess
+    assert msg.len == 5, _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    assert int(payload[:2], 16) < 2, _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        "temperature_0": hex_to_temp(payload[2:6]),
+        "temperature_1": hex_to_temp(payload[6:10]),
+    }
+
+
+# unknown_1098, from OTB
+def parser_1098(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    assert payload == "00C8", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        "_payload": payload,
+        "_value": {"00": False, "C8": True}.get(
+            payload[2:], hex_to_percent(payload[2:])
+        ),
+    }
+
+
+# dhw (cylinder) params  # FIXME: a bit messy
+def parser_10a0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._10A0 | PayDictT.EMPTY:
+    # RQ --- 07:045960 01:145038 --:------ 10A0 006 00-1087-00-03E4  # RQ/RP, every 24h
+    # RP --- 01:145038 07:045960 --:------ 10A0 006 00-109A-00-03E8
+    # RP --- 10:048122 18:006402 --:------ 10A0 003 00-1B58
+
+    # these may not be reliable...
+    # RQ --- 01:136410 10:067219 --:------ 10A0 002 0000
+    # RQ --- 07:017494 01:078710 --:------ 10A0 006 00-1566-00-03E4
+
+    # RQ --- 07:045960 01:145038 --:------ 10A0 006 00-31FF-00-31FF  # null
+    # RQ --- 07:045960 01:145038 --:------ 10A0 006 00-1770-00-03E8
+    # RQ --- 07:045960 01:145038 --:------ 10A0 006 00-1374-00-03E4
+    # RQ --- 07:030741 01:102458 --:------ 10A0 006 00-181F-00-03E4
+    # RQ --- 07:036831 23:100224 --:------ 10A0 006 01-1566-00-03E4  # non-evohome
+
+    # these from a RFG...
+    # RQ --- 30:185469 01:037519 --:------ 0005 002 000E
+    # RP --- 01:037519 30:185469 --:------ 0005 004 000E0300  # two DHW valves
+    # RQ --- 30:185469 01:037519 --:------ 10A0 001 01 (01 )
+
+    if msg.verb == RQ and msg.len == 1:  # some RQs have a payload (why?)
+        # 045 RQ --- 07:045960 01:145038 --:------ 10A0 006 0013740003E4
+        # 037 RQ --- 18:013393 01:145038 --:------ 10A0 001 00
+        # 054 RP --- 01:145038 18:013393 --:------ 10A0 006 0013880003E8
+        return {}
+
+    assert msg.len in (1, 3, 6), msg.len  # OTB uses 3, evohome uses 6
+    assert payload[:2] in ("00", "01"), payload[:2]  # can be two DHW valves/system
+
+    result: PayDictT._10A0 = {}  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]
+    if msg.len >= 2:
+        setpoint = hex_to_temp(payload[2:6])  # 255 for OTB? iff no DHW?
+        result = {SZ_SETPOINT: None if setpoint == 255 else setpoint}  # 30.0-85.0 C
+    if msg.len >= 4:
+        result["overrun"] = int(payload[6:8], 16)  # 0-10 minutes
+    if msg.len >= 6:
+        result["differential"] = hex_to_temp(payload[8:12])  # 1.0-10.0 C
+
+    return result
+
+
+# unknown_10b0, from OTB
+def parser_10b0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    assert payload == "0000", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        "_payload": payload,
+        "_value": {"00": False, "C8": True}.get(
+            payload[2:], hex_to_percent(payload[2:])
+        ),
+    }
+
+
+# filter_change, HVAC
+def parser_10d0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # 2022-07-03T22:52:34.571579 045  W --- 37:171871 32:155617 --:------ 10D0 002 00FF
+    # 2022-07-03T22:52:34.596526 066  I --- 32:155617 37:171871 --:------ 10D0 006 0047B44F0000
+    # then...
+    # 2022-07-03T23:14:23.854089 000 RQ --- 37:155617 32:155617 --:------ 10D0 002 0000
+    # 2022-07-03T23:14:23.876088 084 RP --- 32:155617 37:155617 --:------ 10D0 006 00B4B4C80000
+
+    # 00-FF resets the counter, 00-47-B4-4F-0000 is the value (71 180 79).
+    # Default is 180 180 200. The returned value is the amount of days (180),
+    # total amount of days till change (180), percentage (200)
+
+    result: dict[str, bool | float | None]
+
+    if msg.verb == W_:
+        return {"reset_counter": payload[2:4] != "00"}
+
+    result = {}
+
+    if payload[2:4] not in ("FF", "FE"):
+        result[SZ_REMAINING_DAYS] = int(payload[2:4], 16)
+
+    if payload[4:6] not in ("FF", "FE"):
+        result["days_lifetime"] = int(payload[4:6], 16)
+
+    result[SZ_REMAINING_PERCENT] = hex_to_percent(payload[6:8])
+
+    return result
+
+
+# device_info
+def parser_10e0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    if payload == "00":  # some HVAC devices will RP|10E0|00
+        return {}
+
+    assert msg.len in (19, 28, 29, 30, 36, 38), msg.len  # >= 19, msg.len
+
+    payload = re.sub("(00)*$", "", payload)  # remove trailing 00s
+    assert len(payload) >= 18 * 2
+
+    # if DEV_MODE:  # TODO
+    try:  # DEX
+        check_signature(msg.src.type, payload[2:20])
+    except ValueError as err:
+        _LOGGER.info(
+            f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG}, with the make/model of device: {msg.src} ({err})"
+        )
+
+    description, _, unknown = payload[36:].partition("00")
+
+    result = {
+        SZ_OEM_CODE: payload[14:16],  # 00/FF is CH/DHW, 01/6x is HVAC
+        # "_manufacturer_group": payload[2:6],  # 0001-HVAC, 0002-CH/DHW
+        "manufacturer_sub_id": payload[6:8],
+        "product_id": payload[8:10],  # if CH/DHW: matches device_type (sometimes)
+        "date_1": hex_to_date(payload[28:36]) or "0000-00-00",  # hardware?
+        "date_2": hex_to_date(payload[20:28]) or "0000-00-00",  # firmware?
+        # "software_ver_id": payload[10:12],
+        # "list_ver_id": payload[12:14],  # if FF/01 is CH/DHW, then 01/FF
+        # # "additional_ver_a": payload[16:18],
+        # # "additional_ver_b": payload[18:20],
+        # "_signature": payload[2:20],
+        "description": bytearray.fromhex(description).decode(),
+    }
+    if unknown:  # TODO: why only RP|OTB, I|DT4s do this?
+        result["_unknown"] = unknown
+    return result
+
+
+# device_id
+def parser_10e1(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._10E1:
+    return {SZ_DEVICE_ID: hex_id_to_dev_id(payload[2:])}
+
+
+# unknown_10e2 - HVAC
+def parser_10e2(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # .I --- --:------ --:------ 20:231151 10E2 003 00AD74  # every 2 minutes
+
+    assert payload[:2] == "00", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    assert len(payload) == 6, _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        "counter": int(payload[2:], 16),
+    }
+
+
+# tpi_params (domain/zone/device)  # FIXME: a bit messy
+def parser_1100(
+    payload: str, msg: Message
+) -> PayDictT._1100 | PayDictT._1100_IDX | PayDictT._JASPER | PayDictT.EMPTY:
+    def complex_idx(seqx: str) -> PayDictT._1100_IDX | PayDictT.EMPTY:
+        return {SZ_DOMAIN_ID: seqx} if seqx[:1] == "F" else {}  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]  # only FC
+
+    if msg.src.type == DEV_TYPE_MAP.JIM:  # Honeywell Japser, DEX
+        assert msg.len == 19, msg.len
+        return {
+            "ordinal": f"0x{payload[2:8]}",
+            "blob": payload[8:],
+        }
+
+    if msg.verb == RQ and msg.len == 1:  # some RQs have a payload (why?)
+        return complex_idx(payload[:2])
+
+    assert int(payload[2:4], 16) / 4 in range(1, 13), payload[2:4]
+    assert int(payload[4:6], 16) / 4 in range(1, 31), payload[4:6]
+    assert int(payload[6:8], 16) / 4 in range(0, 16), payload[6:8]
+
+    # for:             TPI              // heatpump
+    #  - cycle_rate:   6 (3, 6, 9, 12)  // ?? (1-9)
+    #  - min_on_time:  1 (1-5)          // ?? (1, 5, 10,...30)
+    #  - min_off_time: 1 (1-?)          // ?? (0, 5, 10, 15)
+
+    def _parser(seqx: str) -> PayDictT._1100:
+        return {
+            "cycle_rate": int(int(payload[2:4], 16) / 4),  # cycles/hour
+            "min_on_time": int(payload[4:6], 16) / 4,  # min
+            "min_off_time": int(payload[6:8], 16) / 4,  # min
+            "_unknown_0": payload[8:10],  # always 00, FF?
+        }
+
+    result = _parser(payload)
+
+    if msg.len > 5:
+        pbw = hex_to_temp(payload[10:14])
+
+        assert pbw is None or 1.5 <= pbw <= 3.0, (
+            f"unexpected value for PBW: {payload[10:14]}"
+        )
+
+        result.update(
+            {
+                "proportional_band_width": pbw,
+                "_unknown_1": payload[14:],  # always 01?
+            }
+        )
+
+    return complex_idx(payload[:2]) | result
+
+
+# unknown_11f0, from heatpump relay
+def parser_11f0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    assert payload == "000009000000000000", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        SZ_PAYLOAD: payload,
+    }
+
+
+# dhw cylinder temperature
+def parser_1260(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1260:
+    return {SZ_TEMPERATURE: hex_to_temp(payload[2:])}
+
+
+# HVAC: outdoor humidity
+def parser_1280(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1280:
+    return parse_outdoor_humidity(payload[2:])
+
+
+# outdoor temperature
+def parser_1290(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1290:
+    # evohome responds to an RQ, also from OTB
+    return parse_outdoor_temp(payload[2:])
+
+
+# HVAC: co2_level, see: 31DA[6:10]
+def parser_1298(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1298:
+    return parse_co2_level(payload[2:6])
+
+
+# HVAC: indoor_humidity, array of 3 sets for HRU
+def parser_12a0(
+    payload: str, msg: Message
+) -> PayDictT.INDOOR_HUMIDITY | list[PayDictT._12A0]:
+    if len(payload) <= 14:
+        return parse_indoor_humidity(payload[2:12])
+
+    return [
+        {
+            "hvac_idx": payload[i : i + 2],  # used as index
+            **parse_humidity_element(payload[i + 2 : i + 12], payload[i : i + 2]),
+        }
+        for i in range(0, len(payload), 14)
+    ]
+
+
+# window_state (of a device/zone)
+def parser_12b0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._12B0:
+    assert payload[2:] in ("0000", "C800", "FFFF"), payload[2:]  # "FFFF" means N/A
+
+    return {
+        SZ_WINDOW_OPEN: hex_to_bool(payload[2:4]),
+    }
+
+
+# displayed temperature (on a TR87RF bound to a RFG100)
+def parser_12c0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._12C0:
+    if payload[2:4] == "80":
+        temp: float | None = None
+    elif payload[4:6] == "00":  # units are 1.0 F
+        temp = int(payload[2:4], 16)
+    else:  # if payload[4:] == "01":  # units are 0.5 C
+        temp = int(payload[2:4], 16) / 2
+
+    result: PayDictT._12C0 = {
+        SZ_TEMPERATURE: temp,
+        "units": {"00": "Fahrenheit", "01": "Celsius"}[payload[4:6]],  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]
+    }
+    if len(payload) > 6:
+        result["_unknown_6"] = payload[6:]
+    return result
+
+
+# HVAC: air_quality (and air_quality_basis), see: 31DA[2:6]
+def parser_12c8(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._12C8:
+    return parse_air_quality(payload[2:6])
+
+
+# dhw_flow_rate
+def parser_12f0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._12F0:
+    return {SZ_DHW_FLOW_RATE: hex_to_temp(payload[2:])}
+
+
+# ch_pressure
+def parser_1300(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1300:
+    # 0x9F6 (2550 dec = 2.55 bar) appears to be a sentinel value
+    return {SZ_PRESSURE: None if payload[2:] == "09F6" else hex_to_temp(payload[2:])}
+
+
+# programme_scheme, HVAC
+def parser_1470(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # Seen on Orcon: see 1470, 1F70, 22B0
+
+    SCHEDULE_SCHEME = {
+        "9": "one_per_week",
+        "A": "two_per_week",  # week_day, week_end
+        "B": "one_each_day",  # seven_per_week (default?)
+    }
+
+    assert payload[8:10] == "80", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    assert msg.verb == W_ or payload[4:8] == "0E60", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    assert msg.verb == W_ or payload[10:] == "2A0108", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    assert msg.verb != W_ or payload[4:] == "000080000000", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    # schedule...
+    # [2:3] - 1, every/all days, 1&6, weekdays/weekends, 1-7, each individual day
+    # [3:4] - # setpoints/day (default 3)
+    assert payload[2:3] in SCHEDULE_SCHEME and (
+        payload[3:4] in ("2", "3", "4", "5", "6")
+    ), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        "scheme": SCHEDULE_SCHEME.get(payload[2:3], f"unknown_{payload[2:3]}"),
+        "daily_setpoints": payload[3:4],
+        "_value_4": payload[4:8],
+        "_value_8": payload[8:10],
+        "_value_10": payload[10:],
+    }
+
+
+# system_sync
+def parser_1f09(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1F09:
+    # 22:51:19.287 067  I --- --:------ --:------ 12:193204 1F09 003 010A69
+    # 22:51:19.318 068  I --- --:------ --:------ 12:193204 2309 003 010866
+    # 22:51:19.321 067  I --- --:------ --:------ 12:193204 30C9 003 0108C3
+
+    # domain_id from 01:/CTL:
+    # - FF for regular sync messages
+    # - 00 when responding to a request
+    # - F8 after binding a device
+
+    assert msg.len == 3, f"length is {msg.len}, expecting 3"
+    assert payload[:2] in ("00", "01", F8, FF)  # W/F8
+
+    seconds = int(payload[2:6], 16) / 10
+    next_sync = msg.dtm + td(seconds=seconds)
+
+    return {
+        "remaining_seconds": seconds,
+        "_next_sync": dt.strftime(next_sync, "%H:%M:%S"),
+    }
+
+
+# dhw_mode
+def parser_1f41(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1F41:
+    # 053 RP --- 01:145038 18:013393 --:------ 1F41 006 00FF00FFFFFF  # no stored DHW
+
+    assert payload[4:6] in ZON_MODE_MAP, f"{payload[4:6]} (0xjj)"
+    assert payload[4:6] == ZON_MODE_MAP.TEMPORARY or msg.len == 6, (
+        f"{msg!r}: expected length 6"
+    )
+    assert payload[4:6] != ZON_MODE_MAP.TEMPORARY or msg.len == 12, (
+        f"{msg!r}: expected length 12"
+    )
+    assert payload[6:12] == "FFFFFF", (
+        f"{msg!r}: expected FFFFFF instead of '{payload[6:12]}'"
+    )
+
+    result: PayDictT._1F41 = {SZ_MODE: ZON_MODE_MAP.get(payload[4:6])}  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]
+    if payload[2:4] != "FF":
+        result[SZ_ACTIVE] = {"00": False, "01": True, "FF": None}[payload[2:4]]
+    # if payload[4:6] == ZON_MODE_MAP.COUNTDOWN:
+    #     result[SZ_UNTIL] = dtm_from_hex(payload[6:12])
+    if payload[4:6] == ZON_MODE_MAP.TEMPORARY:
+        result[SZ_UNTIL] = hex_to_dtm(payload[12:24])
+
+    return result
+
+
+# programme_config, HVAC
+def parser_1f70(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # Seen on Orcon: see 1470, 1F70, 22B0
+
+    try:
+        assert payload[:2] == "00", f"expected 00, not {payload[:2]}"
+        assert payload[2:4] in ("00", "01"), f"expected (00|01), not {payload[2:4]}"
+        assert payload[4:8] == "0800", f"expected 0800, not {payload[4:8]}"
+        assert payload[10:14] == "0000", f"expected 0000, not {payload[10:14]}"
+        assert msg.verb in (RQ, W_) or payload[14:16] == "15"
+        assert msg.verb in (I_, RP) or payload[14:16] == "00"
+        assert msg.verb == RQ or payload[22:24] == "60"
+        assert msg.verb != RQ or payload[22:24] == "00"
+        assert msg.verb == RQ or payload[24:26] in ("E4", "E5", "E6"), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+        assert msg.verb == RP or payload[26:] == "000000"
+        assert msg.verb != RP or payload[26:] == "008000"
+
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+
+        # assert int(payload[16:18], 16) < 7, _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        "day_idx": payload[16:18],  # depends upon 1470[3:4]?
+        "setpoint_idx": payload[8:10],  # needs to be mod 1470[3:4]?
+        "start_time": f"{int(payload[18:20], 16):02d}:{int(payload[20:22], 16):02d}",
+        "fan_speed_wip": payload[24:26],  # # E4/E5/E6   / 00(RQ)
+        "_value_02": payload[2:4],  # # 00/01      / 00(RQ)
+        "_value_04": payload[4:8],  # # 0800
+        "_value_10": payload[10:14],  # 0000
+        "_value_14": payload[14:16],  # 15(RP,I)   / 00(RQ,W)
+        "_value_22": payload[22:24],  # 60         / 00(RQ)
+        "_value_26": payload[26:],  # # 008000(RP) / 000000(I/RQ/W)
+    }
+
+
+# rf_bind
+def parser_1fc9(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1FC9:
+    def _parser(seqx: str) -> list[str]:
+        if seqx[:2] not in ("90",):
+            assert (
+                seqx[6:] == payload[6:12]  # [6:12] is repeated
+            ), f"{seqx[6:]} != {payload[6:12]}"  # all with same controller
+        if seqx[:2] not in (
+            "21",  # HVAC, Nuaire
+            "63",  # HVAC
+            "65",  # HVAC, ClimaRad
+            "66",  # HVAC, Vasco
+            "67",  # HVAC
+            "6C",  # HVAC
+            "90",  # HEAT
+            F6,
+            F9,
+            FA,
+            FB,
+            FC,
+            FF,
+        ):  # or: not in DOMAIN_TYPE_MAP: ??
+            assert int(seqx[:2], 16) < 16, _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+        return [seqx[:2], seqx[2:6], hex_id_to_dev_id(seqx[6:])]
+
+    if msg.verb == I_ and msg.dst.id in (msg.src.id, ALL_DEV_ADDR.id):
+        bind_phase = SZ_OFFER
+    elif msg.verb == W_ and msg.src is not msg.dst:
+        bind_phase = SZ_ACCEPT
+    elif msg.verb == I_:
+        bind_phase = SZ_CONFIRM  # len(payload) could be 2 (e.g. 00, 21)
+    elif msg.verb == RP:
+        bind_phase = None
+    else:
+        raise exc.PacketPayloadInvalid("Unknown binding format")
+
+    if len(payload) == 2 and bind_phase == SZ_CONFIRM:
+        return {SZ_PHASE: bind_phase, SZ_BINDINGS: [[payload]]}  # double-bracket OK
+
+    assert msg.len >= 6 and msg.len % 6 == 0, msg.len  # assuming not RQ
+    assert msg.verb in (I_, W_, RP), msg.verb  # devices will respond to a RQ!
+    # assert (
+    #     msg.src.id == hex_id_to_dev_id(payload[6:12])
+    # ), f"{payload[6:12]} ({hex_id_to_dev_id(payload[6:12])})"  # NOTE: use_regex
+    bindings = [
+        _parser(payload[i : i + 12])
+        for i in range(0, len(payload), 12)
+        # if payload[i : i + 2] != "90"  # TODO: WIP, what is 90?
+    ]
+    return {SZ_PHASE: bind_phase, SZ_BINDINGS: bindings}
+
+
+# unknown_1fca, HVAC?
+def parser_1fca(payload: str, msg: Message) -> Mapping[str, str]:
+    # .W --- 30:248208 34:021943 --:------ 1FCA 009 00-01FF-7BC990-FFFFFF  # sent x2
+
+    return {
+        "_unknown_0": payload[:2],
+        "_unknown_1": payload[2:6],
+        "device_id_0": hex_id_to_dev_id(payload[6:12]),
+        "device_id_1": hex_id_to_dev_id(payload[12:]),
+    }
+
+
+# unknown_1fd0, from OTB
+def parser_1fd0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    assert payload == "0000000000000000", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        SZ_PAYLOAD: payload,
+    }
+
+
+# opentherm_sync, otb_sync
+def parser_1fd4(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._1FD4:
+    return {"ticker": int(payload[2:], 16)}
+
+
+# WIP: unknown, HVAC
+def parser_2210(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    try:
+        assert msg.verb in (RP, I_) or payload == "00"
+        assert payload[10:12] == payload[38:40] and payload[10:12] in (
+            "58",
+            "96",
+            "FF",
+        ), f"expected (58|96|FF), not {payload[10:12]}"
+        assert payload[20:22] == payload[48:50] and payload[20:22] in (
+            "00",
+            "03",
+        ), f"expected (00|03), not {payload[10:12]}"
+        assert payload[78:80] in ("00", "02"), f"expected (00|02), not {payload[78:80]}"
+        assert payload[80:82] in ("01", "08"), f"expected (01|08), not {payload[80:82]}"
+        assert payload[82:] in ("00", "40"), f"expected (00|40), not {payload[82:]}"
+
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+
+    return {
+        "unknown_10": payload[10:12],
+        "unknown_20": payload[20:22],
+        "unknown_78": payload[78:80],
+        "unknown_80": payload[80:82],
+        "unknown_82": payload[82:],
+    }
+
+
+# now_next_setpoint - Programmer/Hometronics
+def parser_2249(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict | list[dict]:  # TODO: only dict
+    # see: https://github.com/jrosser/honeymon/blob/master/decoder.cpp#L357-L370
+    # .I --- 23:100224 --:------ 23:100224 2249 007 00-7EFF-7EFF-FFFF
+
+    def _parser(seqx: str) -> dict[str, bool | float | int | str | None]:
+        minutes = int(seqx[10:], 16)
+        next_setpoint = msg.dtm + td(minutes=minutes)
+        return {
+            "setpoint_now": hex_to_temp(seqx[2:6]),
+            "setpoint_next": hex_to_temp(seqx[6:10]),
+            "minutes_remaining": minutes,
+            "_next_setpoint": dt.strftime(next_setpoint, "%H:%M:%S"),
+        }
+
+    # the ST9520C can support two heating zones, so: msg.len in (7, 14)?
+    if msg._has_array:
+        return [
+            {
+                SZ_ZONE_IDX: payload[i : i + 2],
+                **_parser(payload[i + 2 : i + 14]),
+            }
+            for i in range(0, len(payload), 14)
+        ]
+
+    return _parser(payload)
+
+
+# program_enabled, HVAC
+def parser_22b0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # Seen on Orcon: see 1470, 1F70, 22B0
+
+    # .W --- 37:171871 32:155617 --:------ 22B0 002 0005  # enable, calendar on
+    # .I --- 32:155617 37:171871 --:------ 22B0 002 0005
+
+    # .W --- 37:171871 32:155617 --:------ 22B0 002 0006  # disable, calendar off
+    # .I --- 32:155617 37:171871 --:------ 22B0 002 0006
+
+    return {
+        "enabled": {"06": False, "05": True}.get(payload[2:4]),
+    }
+
+
+# setpoint_bounds, TODO: max length = 24?
+def parser_22c9(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict | list[dict]:  # TODO: only dict
+    # .I --- 02:001107 --:------ 02:001107 22C9 024 00-0834-0A28-01-0108340A2801-0208340A2801-0308340A2801  # noqa: E501
+    # .I --- 02:001107 --:------ 02:001107 22C9 006 04-0834-0A28-01
+
+    # .I --- 21:064743 --:------ 21:064743 22C9 006 00-07D0-0834-02
+    # .W --- 21:064743 02:250708 --:------ 22C9 006 03-07D0-0834-02
+    # .I --- 02:250708 21:064743 --:------ 22C9 008 03-07D0-7FFF-020203
+
+    # Notes on 008|suffix: only seen as I, only when no array, only as 7FFF(0101|0202)03$
+
+    def _parser(seqx: str) -> dict:
+        assert seqx[10:] in ("01", "02"), f"is {seqx[10:]}, expecting 01 or 02"
+
+        return {
+            SZ_MODE: {"01": "heat", "02": "cool"}[seqx[10:]],  # TODO: or action?
+            SZ_SETPOINT_BOUNDS: (hex_to_temp(seqx[2:6]), hex_to_temp(seqx[6:10])),
+        }  # lower, upper setpoints
+
+    if msg._has_array:
+        return [
+            {
+                SZ_UFH_IDX: payload[i : i + 2],
+                **_parser(payload[i : i + 12]),
+            }
+            for i in range(0, len(payload), 12)
+        ]
+
+    assert msg.len != 8 or payload[10:] in ("010103", "020203"), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return _parser(payload[:12])
+
+
+# unknown_22d0, UFH system mode (heat/cool)
+def parser_22d0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    def _parser(seqx: str) -> dict:
+        # assert seqx[2:4] in ("00", "03", "10", "13", "14"), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+        assert seqx[4:6] == "00", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+        return {
+            "idx": seqx[:2],
+            "_flags": hex_to_flag8(seqx[2:4]),
+            "cool_mode": bool(int(seqx[2:4], 16) & 0x02),
+            "heat_mode": bool(int(seqx[2:4], 16) & 0x04),
+            "is_active": bool(int(seqx[2:4], 16) & 0x10),
+            "_unknown": payload[4:],
+        }
+
+    if len(payload) == 8:
+        assert payload[6:] in ("00", "02", "0A"), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    else:
+        assert payload[4:] == "001E14030020", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return _parser(payload)
+
+
+# desired boiler setpoint
+def parser_22d9(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._22D9:
+    return {SZ_SETPOINT: hex_to_temp(payload[2:6])}
+
+
+# WIP: unknown, HVAC
+def parser_22e0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> Mapping[str, float | None]:
+    # RP --- 32:155617 18:005904 --:------ 22E0 004 00-34-A0-1E
+    # RP --- 32:153258 18:005904 --:------ 22E0 004 00-64-A0-1E
+    def _parser(seqx: str) -> float:
+        assert int(seqx, 16) <= 200 or seqx == "E6"  # only for 22E0, not 22E5/22E9
+        return int(seqx, 16) / 200
+
+    try:
+        return {
+            f"percent_{i}": hex_to_percent(payload[i : i + 2])
+            for i in range(2, len(payload), 2)
+        }
+    except ValueError:
+        return {
+            "percent_2": hex_to_percent(payload[2:4]),
+            "percent_4": _parser(payload[4:6]),
+            "percent_6": hex_to_percent(payload[6:8]),
+        }
+
+
+# WIP: unknown, HVAC
+def parser_22e5(payload: str, msg: Message) -> Mapping[str, float | None]:
+    # RP --- 32:153258 18:005904 --:------ 22E5 004 00-96-C8-14
+    # RP --- 32:155617 18:005904 --:------ 22E5 004 00-72-C8-14
+
+    return parser_22e0(payload, msg)
+
+
+# WIP: unknown, HVAC
+def parser_22e9(payload: str, msg: Message) -> Mapping[str, float | str | None]:
+    if payload[2:4] == "01":
+        return {
+            "unknown_4": payload[4:6],
+            "unknown_6": payload[6:8],
+        }
+    return parser_22e0(payload, msg)
+
+
+# fan_speed (switch_mode), HVAC
+def parser_22f1(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    try:
+        assert payload[0:2] in ("00", "63")
+        assert not payload[4:] or int(payload[2:4], 16) <= int(payload[4:], 16), (
+            "mode_idx > mode_max"
+        )
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+
+    if msg._addrs[0] == NON_DEV_ADDR:  # and payload[4:6] == "04":
+        from .ramses import _22F1_MODE_ITHO as _22F1_FAN_MODE  # TODO: only if 04
+
+        _22f1_mode_set: tuple[str, ...] = ("", "04")
+        _22f1_scheme = "itho"
+
+    # elif msg._addrs[0] == NON_DEV_ADDR:  # and payload[4:6] == "04":
+    #     _22F1_FAN_MODE = {
+    #         f"{x:02X}": f"speed_{x}" for x in range(int(payload[4:6], 16) + 1)
+    #     } | {"00": "off"}
+
+    #     _22f1_mode_set = (payload[4:6], )
+    #     _22f1_scheme = "itho_2"
+
+    elif payload[4:6] == "0A":
+        from .ramses import _22F1_MODE_NUAIRE as _22F1_FAN_MODE
+
+        _22f1_mode_set = ("", "0A")
+        _22f1_scheme = "nuaire"
+
+    elif payload[4:6] == "06":
+        from .ramses import _22F1_MODE_VASCO as _22F1_FAN_MODE
+
+        _22f1_mode_set = (
+            "",
+            "00",
+            "06",
+        )  # "00" seen incidentally on a ClimaRad 4-button remote: OFF?
+        _22f1_scheme = "vasco"
+
+    else:
+        from .ramses import _22F1_MODE_ORCON as _22F1_FAN_MODE
+
+        _22f1_mode_set = ("", "04", "07", "0B")  # 0B?
+        _22f1_scheme = "orcon"
+
+    try:
+        assert payload[2:4] in _22F1_FAN_MODE, f"unknown fan_mode: {payload[2:4]}"
+        assert payload[4:6] in _22f1_mode_set, f"unknown mode_set: {payload[4:6]}"
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+
+    return {
+        SZ_FAN_MODE: _22F1_FAN_MODE.get(payload[2:4], f"unknown_{payload[2:4]}"),
+        "_scheme": _22f1_scheme,
+        "_mode_idx": f"{int(payload[2:4], 16) & 0x0F:02X}",
+        "_mode_max": payload[4:6] or None,
+        # "_payload": payload,
+    }
+
+
+# WIP: unknown, HVAC (flow rate?)
+def parser_22f2(payload: str, msg: Message) -> list:  # TODO: only dict
+    # ClimeRad minibox uses 22F2 for speed feedback
+
+    def _parser(seqx: str) -> dict:
+        assert seqx[:2] in ("00", "01"), f"is {seqx[:2]}, expecting 00/01"
+
+        return {
+            "hvac_idx": seqx[:2],
+            "measure": hex_to_temp(seqx[2:]),
+        }
+
+    return [_parser(payload[i : i + 6]) for i in range(0, len(payload), 6)]
+
+
+# fan_boost, HVAC
+def parser_22f3(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # NOTE: for boost timer for high
+    try:
+        assert msg.len <= 7 or payload[14:] == "0000", f"byte 7: {payload[14:]}"
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+
+    new_speed = {  # from now, until timer expiry
+        0x00: "fan_boost",  # #    set fan off, or 'boost' mode?
+        0x01: "per_request",  # #  set fan as per payload[6:10]?
+        0x02: "per_vent_speed",  # set fan as per current fan mode/speed?
+    }.get(int(payload[2:4], 0x10) & 0x07)  # 0b0000-0111
+
+    fallback_speed: str | None
+    if msg.len == 7 and payload[9:10] == "06":  # Vasco and ClimaRad REM
+        fallback_speed = "per_vent_speed"  # after timer expiry
+        # set fan as per current fan mode/speed
+    else:
+        fallback_speed = {  # after timer expiry
+            0x08: "fan_off",  # #      set fan off?
+            0x10: "per_request",  # #  set fan as per payload[6:10], or payload[10:]?
+            0x18: "per_vent_speed",  # set fan as per current fan mode/speed?
+        }.get(int(payload[2:4], 0x10) & 0x38)  # 0b0011-1000
+
+    units = {
+        0x00: "minutes",
+        0x40: "hours",
+        0x80: "index",  # TODO: days, day-of-week, day-of-month?
+    }.get(int(payload[2:4], 0x10) & 0xC0)  # 0b1100-0000
+
+    duration = int(payload[4:6], 16) * 60 if units == "hours" else int(payload[4:6], 16)
+    result = {}
+
+    if msg.len >= 3:
+        result = {
+            "minutes" if units != "index" else "index": duration,
+            "flags": hex_to_flag8(payload[2:4]),
+            "_new_speed_mode": new_speed,
+            "_fallback_speed_mode": fallback_speed,
+        }
+
+    if msg.len >= 5 and payload[6:10] != "0000":  # new speed?
+        result["rate"] = parser_22f1(f"00{payload[6:10]}", msg).get("rate")
+
+    if msg.len >= 7:  # fallback speed?
+        result.update({"_unknown_5": payload[10:]})
+
+    return result
+
+
+# WIP: unknown, HVAC
+def parser_22f4(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    if msg.len == 13 and payload[14:] == "000000000000":
+        # ClimaRad Ventura fan & remote
+        _pl = payload[:4] + payload[12:14] if payload[10:12] == "00" else payload[8:14]
+    else:
+        _pl = payload[:6]
+
+    MODE_LOOKUP = {
+        0x00: "off",
+        0x20: "paused",
+        0x40: "auto",
+        0x60: "manual",
+    }
+    mode = int(_pl[2:4], 16) & 0x60
+    assert mode in MODE_LOOKUP, mode
+
+    RATE_LOOKUP = {
+        0x00: "speed 0",  # "off"?,
+        0x01: "speed 1",  # "low", or trickle?
+        0x02: "speed 2",  # "medium-low", or low?
+        0x03: "speed 3",  # "medium",
+        0x04: "speed 4",  # "medium-high", or high?
+        0x05: "boost",  # "boost", aka purge?
+    }
+    rate = int(_pl[4:6], 16) & 0x03
+    assert mode != 0x60 or rate in RATE_LOOKUP, rate
+
+    return {
+        SZ_FAN_MODE: MODE_LOOKUP[mode],
+        SZ_FAN_RATE: RATE_LOOKUP.get(rate),
+    }
+
+
+# bypass_mode, HVAC
+def parser_22f7(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    result = {
+        SZ_BYPASS_MODE: {"00": "off", "C8": "on", "FF": "auto"}.get(payload[2:4]),
+    }
+    if msg.verb != W_ or payload[4:] not in ("", "EF"):
+        result[SZ_BYPASS_STATE] = {"00": "off", "C8": "on"}.get(payload[4:])
+        result.update(**parse_bypass_position(payload[4:]))  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+    return result
+
+
+# WIP: unknown_mode, HVAC
+def parser_22f8(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # from: https://github.com/arjenhiemstra/ithowifi/blob/master/software/NRG_itho_wifi/src/IthoPacket.h
+
+    # message command bytes specific for AUTO RFT (536-0150)
+    # ithoMessageAUTORFTAutoNightCommandBytes[] = {0x22, 0xF8, 0x03, 0x63, 0x02, 0x03};
+    # .W --- 32:111111 37:111111 --:------ 22F8 003 630203
+
+    # message command bytes specific for DemandFlow remote (536-0146)
+    # ithoMessageDFLowCommandBytes[] = {0x22, 0xF8, 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02};
+    # ithoMessageDFHighCommandBytes[] = {0x22, 0xF8, 0x03, 0x00, 0x02, 0x02};
+
+    return {
+        "value_02": payload[2:4],
+        "value_04": payload[4:6],
+    }
+
+
+# setpoint (of device/zones)
+def parser_2309(
+    payload: str, msg: Message
+) -> PayDictT._2309 | list[PayDictT._2309] | PayDictT.EMPTY:
+    if msg._has_array:
+        return [
+            {
+                SZ_ZONE_IDX: payload[i : i + 2],
+                SZ_SETPOINT: hex_to_temp(payload[i + 2 : i + 6]),
+            }
+            for i in range(0, len(payload), 6)
+        ]
+
+    # RQ --- 22:131874 01:063844 --:------ 2309 003 020708
+    if msg.verb == RQ and msg.len == 1:  # some RQs have a payload (why?)
+        return {}
+
+    return {SZ_SETPOINT: hex_to_temp(payload[2:])}
+
+
+# zone_mode  # TODO: messy
+def parser_2349(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._2349 | PayDictT.EMPTY:
+    # RQ --- 34:225071 30:258557 --:------ 2349 001 00
+    # RP --- 30:258557 34:225071 --:------ 2349 013 007FFF00FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
+    # RP --- 30:253184 34:010943 --:------ 2349 013 00064000FFFFFF00110E0507E5
+    # .I --- 10:067219 --:------ 10:067219 2349 004 00000001
+
+    if msg.verb == RQ and msg.len <= 2:  # some RQs have a payload (why?)
+        return {}
+
+    assert msg.len in (7, 13), f"expected len 7,13, got {msg.len}"
+
+    assert payload[6:8] in ZON_MODE_MAP, f"unknown zone_mode: {payload[6:8]}"
+    result: PayDictT._2349 = {
+        SZ_MODE: ZON_MODE_MAP.get(payload[6:8]),  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]
+        SZ_SETPOINT: hex_to_temp(payload[2:6]),
+    }
+
+    if msg.len >= 7:  # has a dtm if mode == "04"
+        if payload[8:14] == "FF" * 3:  # 03/FFFFFF OK if W?
+            assert payload[6:8] != ZON_MODE_MAP.COUNTDOWN, f"{payload[6:8]} (0x00)"
+        else:
+            assert payload[6:8] == ZON_MODE_MAP.COUNTDOWN, f"{payload[6:8]} (0x01)"
+            result[SZ_DURATION] = int(payload[8:14], 16)
+
+    if msg.len >= 13:
+        if payload[14:] == "FF" * 6:
+            assert payload[6:8] in (
+                ZON_MODE_MAP.FOLLOW,
+                ZON_MODE_MAP.PERMANENT,
+            ), f"{payload[6:8]} (0x02)"
+            result[SZ_UNTIL] = None  # TODO: remove?
+        else:
+            assert payload[6:8] != ZON_MODE_MAP.PERMANENT, f"{payload[6:8]} (0x03)"
+            result[SZ_UNTIL] = hex_to_dtm(payload[14:26])
+
+    return result
+
+
+# unknown_2389, from 03:
+def parser_2389(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "_unknown": hex_to_temp(payload[2:6]),
+    }
+
+
+# unknown_2400, from OTB, FAN
+def parser_2400(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # RP --- 32:155617 18:005904 --:------ 2400 045 00001111-1010929292921110101020110010000080100010100000009191111191910011119191111111111100  # Orcon FAN
+    # RP --- 10:048122 18:006402 --:------ 2400 004 0000000F
+    # assert payload == "0000000F", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        SZ_PAYLOAD: payload,
+    }
+
+
+# unknown_2401, from OTB
+def parser_2401(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    try:
+        assert payload[2:4] == "00", f"byte 1: {payload[2:4]}"
+        assert int(payload[4:6], 16) & 0b11110000 == 0, (
+            f"byte 2: {hex_to_flag8(payload[4:6])}"
+        )
+        assert int(payload[6:], 0x10) <= 200, f"byte 3: {payload[6:]}"
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+
+    return {
+        "_flags_2": hex_to_flag8(payload[4:6]),
+        **parse_valve_demand(payload[6:8]),  # ~3150|FC
+        "_value_2": int(payload[4:6], 0x10),
+    }
+
+
+# unknown_2410, from OTB, FAN
+def parser_2410(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # RP --- 10:048122 18:006402 --:------ 2410 020 00-00000000-00000000-00000001-00000001-00000C  # OTB
+    # RP --- 32:155617 18:005904 --:------ 2410 020 00-00003EE8-00000000-FFFFFFFF-00000000-1002A6  # Orcon Fan
+
+    def unstuff(seqx: str) -> tuple:
+        val = int(seqx, 16)
+        # if val & 0x40:
+        #     raise TypeError
+        signed = bool(val & 0x80)
+        length = (val >> 3 & 0x07) or 1
+        d_type = {0b000: "a", 0b001: "b", 0b010: "c", 0b100: "d"}.get(
+            val & 0x07, val & 0x07
+        )
+        return signed, length, d_type
+
+    try:
+        assert payload[:6] == "00" * 3, _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+        assert payload[10:18] == "00" * 4, _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+        assert payload[18:26] in ("00000001", "FFFFFFFF"), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+        assert payload[26:34] in ("00000001", "00000000"), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+
+    return {
+        "tail": payload[34:],
+        "xxx_34": unstuff(payload[34:36]),
+        "xxx_36": unstuff(payload[36:38]),
+        "xxx_38": unstuff(payload[38:]),
+        "cur_value": payload[2:10],
+        "min_value": payload[10:18],
+        "max_value": payload[18:26],
+        "oth_value": payload[26:34],
+    }
+
+
+# fan_params, HVAC
+def parser_2411(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # There is a relationship between 0001 and 2411
+    # RQ --- 37:171871 32:155617 --:------ 0001 005 0020000A04
+    # RP --- 32:155617 37:171871 --:------ 0001 008 0020000A004E0B00  # 0A -> 2411|4E
+    # RQ --- 37:171871 32:155617 --:------ 2411 003 00004E            # 11th menu option (i.e. 0x0A)
+    # RP --- 32:155617 37:171871 --:------ 2411 023 00004E460000000001000000000000000100000001A600
+
+    def counter(x: str) -> int:
+        return int(x, 16)
+
+    def centile(x: str) -> float:
+        return int(x, 16) / 10
+
+    _2411_DATA_TYPES = {
+        "00": (2, counter),  # 4E (0-1), 54 (15-60)
+        "01": (2, centile),  # 52 (0.0-25.0) (%)
+        "0F": (2, hex_to_percent),  # xx (0.0-1.0) (%)
+        "10": (4, counter),  # 31 (0-1800) (days)
+        "92": (4, hex_to_temp),  # 75 (0-30) (C)
+    }  # TODO: _2411_TYPES.get(payload[8:10], (8, no_op))
+
+    assert payload[4:6] in _2411_TABLE, (
+        f"param {payload[4:6]} is unknown"
+    )  # _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    description = _2411_TABLE.get(payload[4:6], "Unknown")
+
+    result = {
+        "parameter": payload[4:6],
+        "description": description,
+    }
+
+    if msg.verb == RQ:
+        return result
+
+    assert payload[8:10] in _2411_DATA_TYPES, (
+        f"param {payload[4:6]} has unknown data_type: {payload[8:10]}"
+    )  # _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    length, parser = _2411_DATA_TYPES.get(payload[8:10], (8, lambda x: x))
+
+    result |= {
+        "value": parser(payload[10:18][-length:]),  # type: ignore[operator]
+        "_value_06": payload[6:10],
+    }
+
+    if msg.len == 9:
+        return result
+
+    return (
+        result
+        | {
+            "min_value": parser(payload[18:26][-length:]),  # type: ignore[operator]
+            "max_value": parser(payload[26:34][-length:]),  # type: ignore[operator]
+            "precision": parser(payload[34:42][-length:]),  # type: ignore[operator]
+            "_value_42": payload[42:],
+        }
+    )
+
+
+# unknown_2420, from OTB
+def parser_2420(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    assert payload == "00000010" + "00" * 34, _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        SZ_PAYLOAD: payload,
+    }
+
+
+# _state (of cooling?), from BDR91T, hometronics CTL
+def parser_2d49(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._2D49:
+    assert payload[2:] in ("0000", "00FF", "C800", "C8FF"), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        "state": hex_to_bool(payload[2:4]),
+    }
+
+
+# system_mode
+def parser_2e04(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._2E04:
+    # if msg.verb == W_:
+
+    # .I --— 01:020766 --:------ 01:020766 2E04 016 FFFFFFFFFFFFFF0007FFFFFFFFFFFF04  # Manual          # noqa: E501
+    # .I --— 01:020766 --:------ 01:020766 2E04 016 FFFFFFFFFFFFFF0000FFFFFFFFFFFF04  # Automatic/times # noqa: E501
+
+    if msg.len == 8:  # evohome
+        assert payload[:2] in SYS_MODE_MAP, f"Unknown system mode: {payload[:2]}"
+
+    elif msg.len == 16:  # hometronics, lifestyle ID:
+        assert 0 <= int(payload[:2], 16) <= 15 or payload[:2] == FF, payload[:2]
+        assert payload[16:18] in (SYS_MODE_MAP.AUTO, SYS_MODE_MAP.CUSTOM), payload[
+            16:18
+        ]
+        assert payload[30:32] == SYS_MODE_MAP.DAY_OFF, payload[30:32]
+        # assert False
+
+    else:
+        # msg.len in (8, 16)  # evohome 8, hometronics 16
+        assert False, f"Packet length is {msg.len} (expecting 8, 16)"
+
+    result: PayDictT._2E04 = {SZ_SYSTEM_MODE: SYS_MODE_MAP[payload[:2]]}
+    if payload[:2] not in (
+        SYS_MODE_MAP.AUTO,
+        SYS_MODE_MAP.HEAT_OFF,
+        SYS_MODE_MAP.AUTO_WITH_RESET,
+    ):
+        result.update(
+            {SZ_UNTIL: hex_to_dtm(payload[2:14]) if payload[14:16] != "00" else None}
+        )
+    return result  # TODO: double-check the final "00"
+
+
+# presence_detect, HVAC sensor, or Timed boost for Vasco D60
+def parser_2e10(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    assert payload in ("0001", "000000", "000100"), _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    presence: int = int(payload[2:4])
+    return {
+        "presence_detected": bool(presence),
+        "_unknown_4": payload[4:],
+    }
+
+
+# current temperature (of device, zone/s)
+def parser_30c9(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict | list[dict]:  # TODO: only dict
+    if msg._has_array:
+        return [
+            {
+                SZ_ZONE_IDX: payload[i : i + 2],
+                SZ_TEMPERATURE: hex_to_temp(payload[i + 2 : i + 6]),
+            }
+            for i in range(0, len(payload), 6)
+        ]
+
+    return {SZ_TEMPERATURE: hex_to_temp(payload[2:])}
+
+
+# ufc_demand, HVAC (Itho autotemp / spider)
+def parser_3110(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._3110:
+    # .I --- 02:250708 --:------ 02:250708 3110 004 0000C820  # cooling, 100%
+    # .I --- 21:042656 --:------ 21:042656 3110 004 00000010  # heating, 0%
+
+    SZ_COOLING = "cooling"
+    SZ_DISABLE = "disabled"
+    SZ_HEATING = "heating"
+    SZ_UNKNOWN = "unknown"
+
+    try:
+        assert payload[2:4] == "00", f"byte 1: {payload[2:4]}"  # ?circuit_idx?
+        assert int(payload[4:6], 16) <= 200, f"byte 2: {payload[4:6]}"
+        assert payload[6:] in ("00", "10", "20"), f"byte 3: {payload[6:]}"
+        assert payload[6:] in ("10", "20") or payload[4:6] == "00", (
+            f"byte 3: {payload[6:]}"
+        )
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+
+    mode = {
+        0x00: SZ_DISABLE,
+        0x10: SZ_HEATING,
+        0x20: SZ_COOLING,
+    }.get(int(payload[6:8], 16) & 0x30, SZ_UNKNOWN)
+
+    if mode not in (SZ_COOLING, SZ_HEATING):
+        return {SZ_MODE: mode}
+
+    return {SZ_MODE: mode, SZ_DEMAND: hex_to_percent(payload[4:6])}
+
+
+# unknown_3120, from STA, FAN
+def parser_3120(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # .I --- 34:136285 --:------ 34:136285 3120 007 0070B0000000FF  # every ~3:45:00!
+    # RP --- 20:008749 18:142609 --:------ 3120 007 0070B000009CFF
+    # .I --- 37:258565 --:------ 37:258565 3120 007 0080B0010003FF
+
+    try:
+        assert payload[:2] == "00", f"byte 0: {payload[:2]}"
+        assert payload[2:4] in ("00", "70", "80"), f"byte 1: {payload[2:4]}"
+        assert payload[4:6] == "B0", f"byte 2: {payload[4:6]}"
+        assert payload[6:8] in ("00", "01"), f"byte 3: {payload[6:8]}"
+        assert payload[8:10] == "00", f"byte 4: {payload[8:10]}"
+        assert payload[10:12] in ("00", "03", "0A", "9C"), f"byte 5: {payload[10:12]}"
+        assert payload[12:] == "FF", f"byte 6: {payload[12:]}"
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+
+    return {
+        "unknown_0": payload[2:10],
+        "unknown_5": payload[10:12],
+        "unknown_2": payload[12:],
+    }
+
+
+# WIP: unknown, HVAC
+def parser_313e(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    assert payload[:2] == "00"
+    assert payload[12:] == "003C800000"
+
+    result = (
+        msg.dtm - td(seconds=int(payload[10:12], 16), minutes=int(payload[2:10], 16))
+    ).isoformat()
+
+    return {
+        "zulu": result,
+        "value_02": payload[2:10],
+        "value_10": payload[10:12],
+        "value_12": payload[12:],
+    }
+
+
+# datetime
+def parser_313f(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._313F:  # TODO: look for TZ
+    # 2020-03-28T03:59:21.315178 045 RP --- 01:158182 04:136513 --:------ 313F 009 00FC3500A41C0307E4
+    # 2020-03-29T04:58:30.486343 045 RP --- 01:158182 04:136485 --:------ 313F 009 00FC8400C51D0307E4
+    # 2022-09-20T20:50:32.800676 065 RP --- 01:182924 18:068640 --:------ 313F 009 00F9203234140907E6
+    # 2020-05-31T11:37:50.351511 056  I --- --:------ --:------ 12:207082 313F 009 0038021ECB1F0507E4
+
+    # https://www.automatedhome.co.uk/vbulletin/showthread.php?5085-My-HGI80-equivalent-Domoticz-setup-without-HGI80&p=36422&viewfull=1#post36422
+    # every day at ~4am TRV/RQ->CTL/RP, approx 5-10secs apart (CTL respond at any time)
+
+    assert msg.src.type != DEV_TYPE_MAP.CTL or payload[2:4] in (
+        "F0",
+        "F9",
+        "FC",
+    ), f"{payload[2:4]} unexpected for CTL"  # DEX
+    assert (
+        msg.src.type not in (DEV_TYPE_MAP.DTS, DEV_TYPE_MAP.DT2) or payload[2:4] == "38"
+    ), f"{payload[2:4]} unexpected for DTS"  # DEX
+    # assert (
+    #     msg.src.type != DEV_TYPE_MAP.FAN or payload[2:4] == "7C"
+    # ), f"{payload[2:4]} unexpected for FAN"  # DEX
+    assert msg.src.type != DEV_TYPE_MAP.RFG or payload[2:4] == "60", (
+        "{payload[2:4]} unexpected for RFG"
+    )  # DEX
+
+    return {
+        SZ_DATETIME: hex_to_dtm(payload[4:18]),
+        SZ_IS_DST: True if bool(int(payload[4:6], 16) & 0x80) else None,
+        "_unknown_0": payload[2:4],
+    }
+
+
+# heat_demand (of device, FC domain) - valve status (%open)
+def parser_3150(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict | list[dict]:  # TODO: only dict
+    # event-driven, and periodically; FC domain is maximum of all zones
+    # TODO: all have a valid domain will UFC/CTL respond to an RQ, for FC, for a zone?
+
+    # .I --- 04:136513 --:------ 01:158182 3150 002 01CA < often seen CA, artefact?
+
+    def complex_idx(seqx: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, str]:
+        # assert seqx[:2] == FC or (int(seqx[:2], 16) < MAX_ZONES)  # <5, 8 for UFC
+        idx_name = "ufx_idx" if msg.src.type == DEV_TYPE_MAP.UFC else SZ_ZONE_IDX  # DEX
+        return {SZ_DOMAIN_ID if seqx[:1] == "F" else idx_name: seqx[:2]}
+
+    if msg._has_array:
+        return [
+            {
+                **complex_idx(payload[i : i + 2], msg),
+                **parse_valve_demand(payload[i + 2 : i + 4]),
+            }
+            for i in range(0, len(payload), 4)
+        ]
+
+    return parse_valve_demand(payload[2:])  # TODO: check UFC/FC is == CTL/FC
+
+
+# fan state (ventilation status), HVAC
+def parser_31d9(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # NOTE: Itho and ClimaRad use 0x00-C8 for %, whilst Nuaire uses 0x00-64
+    try:
+        assert payload[4:6] == "FF" or int(payload[4:6], 16) <= 200, (
+            f"byte 2: {payload[4:6]}"
+        )
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+
+    bitmap = int(payload[2:4], 16)
+
+    # NOTE: 31D9[4:6] is fan_speed (ClimaRad minibox, Itho) *or* fan_mode (Orcon, Vasco)
+    result = {
+        **parse_exhaust_fan_speed(payload[4:6]),  # for itho
+        SZ_FAN_MODE: payload[4:6],  # orcon, vasco/climarad
+        "passive": bool(bitmap & 0x02),
+        "damper_only": bool(bitmap & 0x04),  # i.e. valve only
+        "filter_dirty": bool(bitmap & 0x20),
+        "frost_cycle": bool(bitmap & 0x40),
+        "has_fault": bool(bitmap & 0x80),
+        "_flags": hex_to_flag8(payload[2:4]),
+    }
+
+    # Fan Mode Lookup 1 for Vasco codes
+    if msg.len == 3:  # usu: I -->20: (no seq#)
+        if (
+            (payload[:4] == "0000" or payload[:4] == "0080")  # Senza, meaning of 0x80?
+            and msg._addrs[0] == msg._addrs[2]
+            and msg._addrs[1] == NON_DEV_ADDR
+        ):
+            # _31D9_FAN_INFO for Vasco D60 HRU and ClimaRad Minibox, S-Fan, (REM: RQ only, msg.len==1)
+            try:
+                assert int(payload[4:6], 16) & 0xFF in _31D9_FAN_INFO_VASCO, (
+                    f"unknown 31D9 fan_mode lookup key: {payload[4:6]}"
+                )
+            except AssertionError as err:
+                _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+            fan_mode = _31D9_FAN_INFO_VASCO.get(
+                int(payload[4:6], 16) & 0xFF, f"unknown_{payload[4:6]}"
+            )
+            result[SZ_FAN_MODE] = fan_mode  # replace
+            # if not replaced, 31D9 FAN_MODE is a 2 digit string HEX
+        return result
+
+    try:
+        assert payload[6:8] in ("00", "07", "0A", "FE"), f"byte 3: {payload[6:8]}"
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+
+    result.update({"_unknown_3": payload[6:8]})
+
+    if msg.len == 4:  # usu: I -->20: (no seq#)
+        return result
+
+    try:
+        assert payload[8:32] in ("00" * 12, "20" * 12), f"byte 4: {payload[8:32]}"
+        assert payload[32:] in ("00", "04", "08"), f"byte 16: {payload[32:]}"
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err})")
+
+    return {
+        **result,
+        "_unknown_4": payload[8:32],
+        "unknown_16": payload[32:],
+    }
+
+
+# ventilation state (extended), HVAC
+def parser_31da(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._31DA:
+    # see: https://github.com/python/typing/issues/1445
+    return {  # type: ignore[typeddict-unknown-key]
+        **parse_exhaust_fan_speed(payload[38:40]),  # maybe 31D9[4:6] for some?
+        **parse_fan_info(payload[36:38]),  # 22F3-ish
+        #
+        **parse_air_quality(payload[2:6]),  # 12C8[2:6]
+        **parse_co2_level(payload[6:10]),  # 1298[2:6]
+        **parse_indoor_humidity(payload[10:12]),  # 12A0?
+        **parse_outdoor_humidity(payload[12:14]),
+        **parse_exhaust_temp(payload[14:18]),  # to outside
+        **parse_supply_temp(payload[18:22]),  # to home
+        **parse_indoor_temp(payload[22:26]),  # in home
+        **parse_outdoor_temp(payload[26:30]),  # 1290?
+        **parse_capabilities(payload[30:34]),
+        **parse_bypass_position(payload[34:36]),  # 22F7-ish
+        **parse_supply_fan_speed(payload[40:42]),
+        **parse_remaining_mins(payload[42:46]),  # mins, ~22F3[2:6]
+        **parse_post_heater(payload[46:48]),
+        **parse_pre_heater(payload[48:50]),
+        **parse_supply_flow(payload[50:54]),  # NOTE: is supply, not exhaust
+        **parse_exhaust_flow(payload[54:58]),  # NOTE: order switched from others
+    }
+
+    # From an Orcon 15RF Display
+    #  1 Software version
+    #  4 RH value in home (%)                 SZ_INDOOR_HUMIDITY
+    #  5 RH value supply air (%)              SZ_OUTDOOR_HUMIDITY
+    #  6 Exhaust air temperature out (°C)     SZ_EXHAUST_TEMPERATURE
+    #  7 Supply air temperature to home (°C)  SZ_SUPPLY_TEMPERATURE
+    #  8 Temperature from home (°C)           SZ_INDOOR_TEMPERATURE
+    #  9 Temperature outside (°C)             SZ_OUTDOOR_TEMPERATURE
+    # 10 Bypass position                      SZ_BYPASS_POSITION
+    # 11 Exhaust fan speed (%)                SZ_EXHAUST_FAN_SPEED
+    # 12 Fan supply speed (%)                 SZ_SUPPLY_FAN_SPEED
+    # 13 Remaining after run time (min.)      SZ_REMAINING_TIME - for humidity scenario
+    # 14 Preheater control (MaxComfort) (%)   SZ_PRE_HEAT
+    # 16 Actual supply flow rate (m3/h)       SZ_SUPPLY_FLOW (Orcon is m3/h, data is L/s)
+    # 17 Current discharge flow rate (m3/h)   SZ_EXHAUST_FLOW
+
+
+# vent_demand, HVAC
+def parser_31e0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict | list[dict]:  # TODO: only dict
+    """Notes are.
+
+    van means “of”.
+    - 0 = min. van min. potm would be:
+    - 0 = minimum of minimum potentiometer
+
+    See: https://www.industrialcontrolsonline.com/honeywell-t991a
+    - modulates air temperatures in ducts
+
+    case 0x31E0:  ' 12768:
+    {
+        string str4;
+        unchecked
+        {
+            result.Fan = Conversions.ToString((double)(int)data[checked(start + 1)] / 2.0);
+            str4 = "";
+        }
+        str4 = (data[start + 2] & 0xF) switch
+        {
+            0 => str4 + "0 = min. potm. ",
+            1 => str4 + "0 = min. van min. potm ",
+            2 => str4 + "0 = min. fan ",
+            _ => "",
+        };
+        switch (data[start + 2] & 0xF0)
+        {
+        case 16:
+            str4 += "100 = max. potm";
+            break;
+        case 32:
+            str4 += "100 = max. van max. potm ";
+            break;
+        case 48:
+            str4 += "100 = max. fan ";
+            break;
+        }
+        result.Data = str4;
+        break;
+    }
+    """
+
+    # .I --- 37:005302 32:132403 --:------ 31E0 008 00-0000-00 01-0064-00  # RF15 CO2 to Orcon HRC400 series SmartComfort Valve
+
+    # .I --- 29:146052 32:023459 --:------ 31E0 003 00-0000
+    # .I --- 29:146052 32:023459 --:------ 31E0 003 00-00C8
+
+    # .I --- 32:168240 30:079129 --:------ 31E0 004 00-0000-FF
+    # .I --- 32:168240 30:079129 --:------ 31E0 004 00-0000-FF
+    # .I --- 32:166025 --:------ 30:079129 31E0 004 00-0000-00
+
+    # .I --- 32:168090 30:082155 --:------ 31E0 004 00-00C8-00
+    # .I --- 37:258565 37:261128 --:------ 31E0 004 00-0001-00
+
+    def _parser(seqx: str) -> dict:
+        assert seqx[6:] in ("", "00", "FF")
+        return {
+            # "hvac_idx": seqx[:2],
+            "flags": seqx[2:4],
+            "vent_demand": hex_to_percent(seqx[4:6]),
+            "_unknown_3": payload[6:],
+        }
+
+    if len(payload) > 8:
+        return [_parser(payload[x : x + 8]) for x in range(0, len(payload), 8)]
+    return _parser(payload)
+
+
+# supplied boiler water (flow) temp
+def parser_3200(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._3200:
+    return {SZ_TEMPERATURE: hex_to_temp(payload[2:])}
+
+
+# return (boiler) water temp
+def parser_3210(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._3210:
+    return {SZ_TEMPERATURE: hex_to_temp(payload[2:])}
+
+
+# opentherm_msg, from OTB (and some RND)
+def parser_3220(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    try:
+        ot_type, ot_id, ot_value, ot_schema = decode_frame(payload[2:10])
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        raise AssertionError(f"OpenTherm: {err}") from err
+    except ValueError as err:
+        raise exc.PacketPayloadInvalid(f"OpenTherm: {err}") from err
+
+    # NOTE: Unknown-DataId isn't an invalid payload & is useful to train the OTB device
+    if ot_schema is None and ot_type != OtMsgType.UNKNOWN_DATAID:  # type: ignore[unreachable]
+        raise exc.PacketPayloadInvalid(
+            f"OpenTherm: Unknown data-id: 0x{ot_id:02X} ({ot_id})"
+        )
+
+    result = {
+        SZ_MSG_ID: ot_id,
+        SZ_MSG_TYPE: str(ot_type),
+        SZ_MSG_NAME: ot_value.pop(SZ_MSG_NAME, None),
+    }
+
+    if msg.verb == RQ:  # RQs have a context: msg_id (and a payload)
+        assert (
+            ot_type != OtMsgType.READ_DATA
+            or payload[6:10] == "0000"  # likely true for RAMSES
+        ), f"OpenTherm: Invalid msg-type|data-value: {ot_type}|{payload[6:10]}"
+
+        if ot_type != OtMsgType.READ_DATA:
+            assert ot_type in (
+                OtMsgType.WRITE_DATA,
+                OtMsgType.INVALID_DATA,
+            ), f"OpenTherm: Invalid msg-type for RQ: {ot_type}"
+
+            result.update(ot_value)  # TODO: find some of these packets to review
+
+        result[SZ_DESCRIPTION] = ot_schema.get(EN)
+        return result
+
+    # if msg.verb != RP:
+    #     raise
+
+    _LIST = (OtMsgType.DATA_INVALID, OtMsgType.UNKNOWN_DATAID, OtMsgType.RESERVED)
+    assert ot_type not in _LIST or payload[6:10] in (
+        "0000",
+        "FFFF",
+    ), f"OpenTherm: Invalid msg-type|data-value: {ot_type}|{payload[6:10]}"
+
+    # HACK: These OT data id can pop in/out of 47AB, which is an invalid value
+    if payload[6:] == "47AB" and ot_id in (0x12, 0x13, 0x19, 0x1A, 0x1B, 0x1C):
+        ot_value[SZ_VALUE] = None
+    # HACK: This OT data id can be 1980, which is an invalid value
+    if payload[6:] == "1980" and ot_id:  # CH pressure is 25.5 bar!
+        ot_value[SZ_VALUE] = None
+    # HACK: Done above, not in OT.decode_frame() as they isn't in the OT specification
+
+    if ot_type not in _LIST:
+        assert ot_type in (
+            OtMsgType.READ_ACK,
+            OtMsgType.WRITE_ACK,
+        ), f"OpenTherm: Invalid msg-type for RP: {ot_type}"
+
+        result.update(ot_value)
+
+    try:  # These are checking flags in payload of data-id 0x00
+        assert ot_id != 0 or (
+            [result[SZ_VALUE][i] for i in (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)] == [0] * 6
+            # and [result[SZ_VALUE][i] for i in (1, )] == [1]
+        ), result[SZ_VALUE]
+
+        assert ot_id != 0 or (
+            [result[SZ_VALUE][8 + i] for i in (0, 4, 5, 6, 7)] == [0] * 5
+            # and [result[SZ_VALUE][8 + i] for i in (1, 2, 3)] == [0] * 3
+        ), result[SZ_VALUE]
+
+    except AssertionError:
+        _LOGGER.warning(
+            f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG}, with a description of your system"
+        )
+
+    result[SZ_DESCRIPTION] = ot_schema.get(EN)
+    return result
+
+
+# unknown_3221, from OTB, FAN
+def parser_3221(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # RP --- 10:052644 18:198151 --:------ 3221 002 000F
+    # RP --- 10:048122 18:006402 --:------ 3221 002 0000
+    # RP --- 32:155617 18:005904 --:------ 3221 002 000A
+
+    assert int(payload[2:], 16) <= 0xC8, _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        "_payload": payload,
+        SZ_VALUE: int(payload[2:], 16),
+    }
+
+
+# WIP: unknown, HVAC
+def parser_3222(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    assert payload[:2] == "00"
+
+    # e.g. RP|3222|00FE00 (payload = 3 bytes)
+    if msg.len == 3:
+        assert payload[4:] == "00"  # aka length 0
+
+        return {
+            "_value": f"0x{payload[2:4]}",
+        }
+
+    # e.g. RP|3222|000604000F100E (payload > 3 bytes)
+    return {
+        "offset": f"0x{payload[2:4]}",  # bytes
+        "length": f"0x{payload[4:6]}",  # bytes
+        "_data": f"{'..' * int(payload[2:4])}{payload[6:]}",
+    }
+
+
+# unknown_3223, from OTB
+def parser_3223(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    assert int(payload[2:], 16) <= 0xC8, _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        "_payload": payload,
+        SZ_VALUE: int(payload[2:], 16),
+    }
+
+
+# actuator_sync (aka sync_tpi: TPI cycle sync)
+def parser_3b00(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._3B00:
+    # system timing master: the device that sends I/FCC8 pkt controls the heater relay
+    """Decode a 3B00 packet (actuator_sync).
+
+    The heat relay regularly broadcasts a 3B00 at the end(?) of every TPI cycle, the
+    frequency of which is determined by the (TPI) cycle rate in 1100.
+
+    The CTL subsequently broadcasts a 3B00 (i.e. at the start of every TPI cycle).
+
+    The OTB does not send these packets, but the CTL sends a regular broadcast anyway
+    for the benefit of any zone actuators (e.g. zone valve zones).
+    """
+
+    # 053  I --- 13:209679 --:------ 13:209679 3B00 002 00C8
+    # 045  I --- 01:158182 --:------ 01:158182 3B00 002 FCC8
+    # 052  I --- 13:209679 --:------ 13:209679 3B00 002 00C8
+    # 045  I --- 01:158182 --:------ 01:158182 3B00 002 FCC8
+
+    # 063  I --- 01:078710 --:------ 01:078710 3B00 002 FCC8
+    # 064  I --- 01:078710 --:------ 01:078710 3B00 002 FCC8
+
+    def complex_idx(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict:  # has complex idx
+        if (
+            msg.verb == I_
+            and msg.src.type in (DEV_TYPE_MAP.CTL, DEV_TYPE_MAP.PRG)
+            and msg.src is msg.dst
+        ):  # DEX
+            assert payload[:2] == FC
+            return {SZ_DOMAIN_ID: FC}
+        assert payload[:2] == "00"
+        return {}
+
+    assert msg.len == 2, msg.len
+    assert payload[:2] == {
+        DEV_TYPE_MAP.CTL: FC,
+        DEV_TYPE_MAP.BDR: "00",
+        DEV_TYPE_MAP.PRG: FC,
+    }.get(msg.src.type, "00")  # DEX
+    assert payload[2:] == "C8", payload[2:]  # Could it be a percentage?
+
+    return {
+        **complex_idx(payload[:2], msg),  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]
+        "actuator_sync": hex_to_bool(payload[2:]),
+    }
+
+
+# actuator_state
+def parser_3ef0(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._3EF0 | PayDictT._JASPER:
+    result: dict[str, Any]
+
+    if msg.src.type == DEV_TYPE_MAP.JIM:  # Honeywell Jasper
+        assert msg.len == 20, f"expecting len 20, got: {msg.len}"
+        return {
+            "ordinal": f"0x{payload[2:8]}",
+            "blob": payload[8:],
+        }
+
+    # TODO: These two should be picked up by the regex
+    assert msg.len in (3, 6, 9), f"Invalid payload length: {msg.len}"
+    # assert payload[:2] == "00", f"Invalid payload context: {payload[:2]}"
+
+    # NOTE: some [2:4] appear to intend 0x00-0x64 (high_res=False), instead of 0x00-0xC8
+    # NOTE: for best compatibility, all will be switched to 0x00-0xC8 (high_res=True)
+
+    if msg.len == 3:  # I|BDR|003 (the following are the only two payloads ever seen)
+        # .I --- 13:042805 --:------ 13:042805 3EF0 003 0000FF
+        # .I --- 13:023770 --:------ 13:023770 3EF0 003 00C8FF
+        assert payload[2:4] in ("00", "C8"), f"byte 1: {payload[2:4]} (not 00/C8)"
+        assert payload[4:6] == "FF", f"byte 2: {payload[4:6]} (not FF)"
+        mod_level = hex_to_percent(payload[2:4], high_res=True)
+
+    else:  # msg.len >= 6:  # RP|OTB|006 (to RQ|CTL/HGI/RFG)
+        # RP --- 10:004598 34:003611 --:------ 3EF0 006 0000100000FF
+        # RP --- 10:004598 34:003611 --:------ 3EF0 006 0000110000FF
+        # RP --- 10:138822 01:187666 --:------ 3EF0 006 0064100C00FF
+        # RP --- 10:138822 01:187666 --:------ 3EF0 006 0064100200FF
+        assert payload[4:6] in ("00", "10", "11"), f"byte 2: {payload[4:6]}"
+        mod_level = hex_to_percent(payload[2:4], high_res=True)  # 00-64/C8 (or FF)
+
+    result = {
+        "modulation_level": mod_level,  # 0008[2:4], 3EF1[10:12]
+        "_flags_2": payload[4:6],
+    }
+
+    if msg.len >= 6:  # RP|OTB|006 (to RQ|CTL/HGI/RFG)
+        # RP --- 10:138822 01:187666 --:------ 3EF0 006 000110FA00FF  # ?corrupt
+
+        # for OTB (there's no reliable) modulation_level <-> flame_state)
+
+        result.update(
+            {
+                "_flags_3": hex_to_flag8(payload[6:8]),
+                "ch_active": bool(int(payload[6:8], 0x10) & 1 << 1),
+                "dhw_active": bool(int(payload[6:8], 0x10) & 1 << 2),
+                "cool_active": bool(int(payload[6:8], 0x10) & 1 << 4),
+                "flame_on": bool(int(payload[6:8], 0x10) & 1 << 3),  # flame_on
+                "_unknown_4": payload[8:10],  # FF, 00, 01, 0A
+                "_unknown_5": payload[10:12],  # FF, 13, 1C, ?others
+            }  # TODO: change to flame_active?
+        )
+
+    if msg.len >= 9:  # I/RP|OTB|009 (R8820A only?)
+        assert int(payload[12:14], 16) & 0b11111100 == 0, f"byte 6: {payload[12:14]}"
+        assert int(payload[12:14], 16) & 0b00000010 == 2, f"byte 6: {payload[12:14]}"
+        assert 10 <= int(payload[14:16], 16) <= 90, f"byte 7: {payload[14:16]}"
+        assert int(payload[16:18], 16) in (0, 100), f"byte 8: {payload[18:]}"
+
+        result.update(
+            {
+                "_flags_6": hex_to_flag8(payload[12:14]),
+                "ch_enabled": bool(int(payload[12:14], 0x10) & 1 << 0),
+                "ch_setpoint": int(payload[14:16], 0x10),
+                "max_rel_modulation": hex_to_percent(payload[16:18], high_res=True),
+            }
+        )
+
+    try:  # Trying to decode flags...
+        # assert payload[4:6] != "11" or (
+        #     payload[2:4] == "00"
+        # ), f"bytes 1+2: {payload[2:6]}"  # 97% is 00 when 11, but not always
+
+        assert payload[4:6] in ("00", "10", "11", "FF"), f"byte 2: {payload[4:6]}"
+
+        assert "_flags_3" not in result or (
+            payload[6:8] == "FF" or int(payload[6:8], 0x10) & 0b10100000 == 0
+        ), f"byte 3: {result['_flags_3']}"
+        # only 10:040239 does 0b01000000, only Itho Autotemp does 0b00010000
+
+        assert "_unknown_4" not in result or (
+            payload[8:10] in ("FF", "00", "01", "02", "04", "0A")
+        ), f"byte 4: {payload[8:10]}"
+        # only 10:040239 does 04
+
+        assert "_unknown_5" not in result or (
+            payload[10:12] in ("00", "13", "1C", "FF")
+        ), f"byte 5: {payload[10:12]}"
+
+        assert "_flags_6" not in result or (
+            int(payload[12:14], 0x10) & 0b11111100 == 0
+        ), f"byte 6: {result['_flags_6']}"
+
+    except AssertionError as err:
+        _LOGGER.warning(
+            f"{msg!r} < {_INFORM_DEV_MSG} ({err}), with a description of your system"
+        )
+    return result  # type: ignore[return-value]
+
+
+# actuator_cycle
+def parser_3ef1(payload: str, msg: Message) -> PayDictT._3EF1 | PayDictT._JASPER:
+    if msg.src.type == DEV_TYPE_MAP.JIM:  # Honeywell Jasper, DEX
+        assert msg.len == 18, f"expecting len 18, got: {msg.len}"
+        return {
+            "ordinal": f"0x{payload[2:8]}",
+            "blob": payload[8:],
+        }
+
+    if (
+        msg.src.type == DEV_TYPE_MAP.JST
+    ):  # and msg.len == 12:  # or (12, 20) Japser, DEX
+        assert msg.len == 12, f"expecting len 12, got: {msg.len}"
+        return {
+            "ordinal": f"0x{payload[2:8]}",
+            "blob": payload[8:],
+        }
+
+    percent = hex_to_percent(payload[10:12])
+
+    if payload[12:] == "FF":  # is BDR
+        assert percent is None or percent in (0, 1), f"byte 5: {payload[10:12]}"
+
+    else:  # is OTB
+        # assert (
+        #     re.compile(r"^00[0-9A-F]{10}10").match(payload)
+        # ), "doesn't match: " + r"^00[0-9A-F]{10}10"
+        assert payload[2:6] == "7FFF", f"byte 1: {payload[2:6]}"
+        assert payload[6:10] == "003C", f"byte 3: {payload[6:10]}"  # 60 seconds
+        assert percent is None or percent <= 1, f"byte 5: {payload[10:12]}"
+
+    cycle_countdown = None if payload[2:6] == "7FFF" else int(payload[2:6], 16)
+    if cycle_countdown is not None:
+        if cycle_countdown > 0x7FFF:
+            cycle_countdown -= 0x10000
+        assert cycle_countdown < 7200, f"byte 1: {payload[2:6]}"  # 7200 seconds
+
+    actuator_countdown = None if payload[6:10] == "7FFF" else int(payload[6:10], 16)
+    if actuator_countdown is not None:
+        if actuator_countdown > 0x7FFF:  # "87B3", "9DFA", "DCE1", "E638", "F8F7"
+            # actuator_countdown = 0x10000 - actuator_countdown  + cycle_countdown
+            actuator_countdown = cycle_countdown  # Needs work
+        # assert actuator_countdown <= cycle_countdown, f"byte 3: {payload[6:10]}"
+
+    return {
+        "modulation_level": percent,  # 0008[2:4], 3EF0[2:4]
+        "actuator_countdown": actuator_countdown,
+        "cycle_countdown": cycle_countdown,
+        "_unknown_0": payload[12:],
+    }
+
+
+# timestamp, HVAC
+def parser_4401(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    if msg.verb == RP:
+        return {}
+
+    # 2022-07-28T14:21:38.895354 095  W --- 37:010164 37:010151 --:------ 4401 020 10  7E-E99E90C8  00-E99E90C7-3BFF  7E-E99E90C8-000B
+    # 2022-07-28T14:21:57.414447 076 RQ --- 20:225479 20:257336 --:------ 4401 020 10  2E-E99E90DB  00-00000000-0000  00-00000000-000B
+    # 2022-07-28T14:21:57.625474 045  I --- 20:257336 20:225479 --:------ 4401 020 10  2E-E99E90DB  00-E99E90DA-F0FF  BD-00000000-000A
+    # 2022-07-28T14:22:02.932576 088 RQ --- 37:010188 20:257336 --:------ 4401 020 10  22-E99E90E0  00-00000000-0000  00-00000000-000B
+    # 2022-07-28T14:22:03.053744 045  I --- 20:257336 37:010188 --:------ 4401 020 10  22-E99E90E0  00-E99E90E0-75FF  BD-00000000-000A
+    # 2022-07-28T14:22:20.516363 045 RQ --- 20:255710 20:257400 --:------ 4401 020 10  0B-E99E90F2  00-00000000-0000  00-00000000-000B
+    # 2022-07-28T14:22:20.571640 085  I --- 20:255251 20:229597 --:------ 4401 020 10  39-E99E90F1  00-E99E90F1-5CFF  40-00000000-000A
+    # 2022-07-28T14:22:20.648696 058  I --- 20:257400 20:255710 --:------ 4401 020 10  0B-E99E90F2  00-E99E90F1-D4FF  DA-00000000-000B
+
+    # 2022-11-03T23:00:04.854479 088 RQ --- 20:256717 37:013150 --:------ 4401 020 10  00-00259261  00-00000000-0000  00-00000000-0063
+    # 2022-11-03T23:00:05.102491 045  I --- 37:013150 20:256717 --:------ 4401 020 10  00-00259261  00-000C9E4C-1800  00-00000000-0063
+    # 2022-11-03T23:00:17.820659 072  I --- 20:256112 20:255825 --:------ 4401 020 10  00-00F1EB91  00-00E8871B-B700  00-00000000-0063
+    # 2022-11-03T23:01:25.495391 065  I --- 20:257732 20:257680 --:------ 4401 020 10  00-002E9C98  00-00107923-9E00  00-00000000-0063
+    # 2022-11-03T23:01:33.753467 066 RQ --- 20:257732 20:256112 --:------ 4401 020 10  00-0010792C  00-00000000-0000  00-00000000-0063
+    # 2022-11-03T23:01:33.997485 072  I --- 20:256112 20:257732 --:------ 4401 020 10  00-0010792C  00-00E88767-AD00  00-00000000-0063
+    # 2022-11-03T23:01:52.391989 090  I --- 20:256717 20:255301 --:------ 4401 020 10  00-009870E1  00-002592CC-6300  00-00000000-0063
+
+    def hex_to_epoch(seqx: str) -> None | str:  # seconds since 1-1-1970
+        if seqx == "00" * 4:
+            return None
+        return str(
+            dt.fromtimestamp(int(seqx, 16))
+        )  # - int(payload[22:26], 16) * 15 * 60))
+
+    # 10 7E-E99E90C8 00-E99E90C7-3BFF 7E-E99E90C8-000B
+    # hex(int(dt.fromisoformat("2022-07-28T14:21:38.895354").timestamp())).upper()
+    # '0x62E20ED2'
+
+    assert payload[:2] == "10", payload[:2]
+    assert payload[12:14] == "00", payload[12:14]
+    assert payload[36:38] == "00", payload[36:38]
+
+    assert msg.verb != I_ or payload[24:26] in ("00", "7C", "FF"), payload[24:26]
+    assert msg.verb != W_ or payload[24:26] in ("7C", "FF"), payload[24:26]
+    assert msg.verb != RQ or payload[24:26] == "00", payload[24:26]
+
+    assert msg.verb != RQ or payload[14:22] == "00" * 4, payload[14:22]
+    assert msg.verb != W_ or payload[28:36] != "00" * 4, payload[28:36]
+
+    assert payload[38:40] in ("08", "09", "0A", "0B", "63"), payload[38:40]
+
+    # assert payload[2:4] == payload[26:28], f"{payload[2:4]}, {payload[26:24]}"
+
+    return {
+        "last_update_dst": payload[2:4],
+        "time_dst": hex_to_epoch(payload[4:12]),
+        "_unknown_12": payload[12:14],  # usu.00
+        "time_src": hex_to_epoch(payload[14:22]),
+        "offset": payload[22:24],  # *15 mins?
+        "_unknown_24": payload[24:26],
+        "last_update_src": payload[26:28],
+        "time_dst_receive_src": hex_to_epoch(payload[28:36]),
+        "_unknown_36": payload[36:38],  # usu.00
+        "hops_dst_src": payload[38:40],
+    }
+
+
+# temperatures (see: 4e02) - Itho spider/autotemp
+def parser_4e01(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # .I --- 02:248945 02:250708 --:------ 4E01 018 00-7FFF7FFF7FFF09077FFF7FFF7FFF7FFF-00  # 23.11, 8-group
+    # .I --- 02:250984 02:250704 --:------ 4E01 018 00-7FFF7FFF7FFF7FFF08387FFF7FFF7FFF-00  # 21.04
+
+    num_groups = int((msg.len - 2) / 2)  # e.g. (18 - 2) / 2
+    assert num_groups * 2 == msg.len - 2, (
+        _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    )  # num_groups: len 018 (8-group, 2+8*4), or 026 (12-group, 2+12*4)
+
+    x, y = 0, 2 + num_groups * 4
+
+    assert payload[x : x + 2] == "00", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    assert payload[y : y + 2] == "00", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        "temperatures": [hex_to_temp(payload[i : i + 4]) for i in range(2, y, 4)],
+    }
+
+
+# setpoint_bounds (see: 4e01) - Itho spider/autotemp
+def parser_4e02(
+    payload: str, msg: Message
+) -> dict[str, Any]:  # sent a triplets, 1 min apart
+    # .I --- 02:248945 02:250708 --:------ 4E02 034 00-7FFF7FFF7FFF07D07FFF7FFF7FFF7FFF-02-7FFF7FFF7FFF08347FFF7FFF7FFF7FFF  # 20.00-21.00
+    # .I --- 02:250984 02:250704 --:------ 4E02 034 00-7FFF7FFF7FFF076C7FFF7FFF7FFF7FFF-02-7FFF7FFF7FFF07D07FFF7FFF7FFF7FFF  #
+
+    num_groups = int((msg.len - 2) / 4)  # e.g. (34 - 2) / 4
+    assert num_groups * 4 == msg.len - 2, (
+        _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    )  # num_groups: len 034 (8-group, 2+8*4), or 050 (12-group, 2+12*4)
+
+    x, y = 0, 2 + num_groups * 4
+
+    assert payload[x : x + 2] == "00", _INFORM_DEV_MSG  # expect no context
+    assert payload[y : y + 2] in (
+        "02",
+        "03",
+        "04",
+        "05",
+    ), _INFORM_DEV_MSG  # mode: cool/heat?
+
+    setpoints = [
+        (hex_to_temp(payload[x + i :][:4]), hex_to_temp(payload[y + i :][:4]))
+        for i in range(2, y, 4)
+    ]  # lower, upper setpoints
+
+    return {
+        SZ_MODE: {"02": "cool", "03": "cool+", "04": "heat", "05": "cool+"}[
+            payload[y : y + 2]
+        ],
+        SZ_SETPOINT_BOUNDS: [s if s != (None, None) else None for s in setpoints],
+    }
+
+
+# hvac_4e04
+def parser_4e04(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    MODE = {
+        "00": "off",
+        "01": "heat",
+        "02": "cool",
+    }
+
+    assert payload[2:4] in MODE, _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    assert int(payload[4:], 16) < 0x40 or payload[4:] in (
+        "FB",  # error code?
+        "FC",  # error code?
+        "FD",  # error code?
+        "FE",  # error code?
+        "FF",  # N/A?
+    )
+
+    return {
+        SZ_MODE: MODE.get(payload[2:4], "Unknown"),
+        "_unknown_2": payload[4:],
+    }
+
+
+# WIP: AT outdoor low - Itho spider/autotemp
+def parser_4e0d(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # .I --- 02:250704 02:250984 --:------ 4E0D 002 0100  # Itho Autotemp: only(?) master -> slave
+    # .I --- 02:250704 02:250984 --:------ 4E0D 002 0101  # why does it have a context?
+
+    return {
+        "_payload": payload,
+    }
+
+
+# AT fault circulation - Itho spider/autotemp
+def parser_4e14(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """
+    result = "AT fault circulation";
+    result = (((payload[2:] & 0x01) != 0x01) ? " Fault state : no fault "                : " Fault state : fault ")
+    result = (((payload[2:] & 0x02) != 0x02) ? (text4 + "Circulation state : no fault ") : (text4 + " Circulation state : fault "))
+    """
+    return {}
+
+
+# wpu_state (hvac state) - Itho spider/autotemp
+def parser_4e15(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # .I --- 21:034158 02:250676 --:------ 4E15 002 0000  # WPU "off" (maybe heating, but compressor off)
+    # .I --- 21:064743 02:250708 --:------ 4E15 002 0001  # WPU cooling active
+    # .I --- 21:057565 02:250677 --:------ 4E15 002 0002  # WPU heating, compressor active
+    # .I --- 21:064743 02:250708 --:------ 4E15 002 0004  # WPU in "DHW mode" boiler active
+    # .I --- 21:033160 02:250704 --:------ 4E15 002 0005  # 0x03, and 0x06 not seen in the wild
+
+    if int(payload[2:], 16) & 0xF0:
+        pass
+
+    # If none of these, then is 'Off'
+    SZ_COOLING = "is_cooling"
+    SZ_DHW_ING = "is_dhw_ing"
+    SZ_HEATING = "is_heating"
+    # SZ_PUMPING = "is_pumping"
+
+    assert int(payload[2:], 16) & 0xF8 == 0x00, (
+        _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+    )  # check for unknown bit flags
+    if int(payload[2:], 16) & 0x03 == 0x03:  # is_cooling *and* is_heating (+/- DHW)
+        raise TypeError  # TODO: Use local exception & ?Move to higher layer
+    assert int(payload[2:], 16) & 0x07 != 0x06, _INFORM_DEV_MSG  # can't heat and DHW
+
+    return {
+        "_flags": hex_to_flag8(payload[2:]),
+        # SZ_PUMPING: bool(int(payload[2:], 16) & 0x08),
+        SZ_DHW_ING: bool(int(payload[2:], 16) & 0x04),
+        SZ_HEATING: bool(int(payload[2:], 16) & 0x02),
+        SZ_COOLING: bool(int(payload[2:], 16) & 0x01),
+    }
+
+
+# TODO: hvac_4e16 - Itho spider/autotemp
+def parser_4e16(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # .I --- 02:250984 02:250704 --:------ 4E16 007 00000000000000  # Itho Autotemp: slave -> master
+
+    assert payload == "00000000000000", _INFORM_DEV_MSG
+
+    return {
+        "_payload": payload,
+    }
+
+
+# TODO: Fan characteristics - Itho
+def parser_4e20(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """
+    result = "Fan characteristics: "
+    result += [C[ABC][210] hex_to_sint32[i:i+4] for i in range(2, 34, 4)]
+    """
+    return {}
+
+
+# TODO: Potentiometer control - Itho
+def parser_4e21(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """
+    result = "Potentiometer control: "
+    result += "Rel min: "        + hex_to_sint16(data[2:4])  # 16 bit, 2's complement
+    result += "Min of rel min: " + hex_to_sint16(data[4:6])
+    result += "Abs min: "        + hex_to_sint16(data[6:8])
+    result += "Rel max: "        + hex_to_sint16(data[8:10])
+    result += "Max rel: "        + hex_to_sint16(data[10:12])
+    result += "Abs max: "        + hex_to_sint16(data[12:14]))
+    """
+    return {}
+
+
+#   # faked puzzle pkt shouldn't be decorated
+def parser_7fff(payload: str, _: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    if payload[:2] != "00":
+        _LOGGER.debug("Invalid/deprecated Puzzle packet")
+        return {
+            "msg_type": payload[:2],
+            SZ_PAYLOAD: hex_to_str(payload[2:]),
+        }
+
+    if payload[2:4] not in LOOKUP_PUZZ:
+        _LOGGER.debug("Invalid/deprecated Puzzle packet")
+        return {
+            "msg_type": payload[2:4],
+            "message": hex_to_str(payload[4:]),
+        }
+
+    result: dict[str, None | str] = {}
+    if int(payload[2:4]) >= int("20", 16):
+        dtm = dt.fromtimestamp(int(payload[4:16], 16) / 1e7)  # TZ-naive
+        result["datetime"] = dtm.isoformat(timespec="milliseconds")
+    elif payload[2:4] != "13":
+        dtm = dt.fromtimestamp(int(payload[4:16], 16) / 1000)  # TZ-naive
+        result["datetime"] = dtm.isoformat(timespec="milliseconds")
+
+    msg_type = LOOKUP_PUZZ.get(payload[2:4], SZ_PAYLOAD)
+
+    if payload[2:4] == "11":
+        mesg = hex_to_str(payload[16:])
+        result[msg_type] = f"{mesg[:4]}|{mesg[4:6]}|{mesg[6:]}"
+
+    elif payload[2:4] == "13":
+        result[msg_type] = hex_to_str(payload[4:])
+
+    elif payload[2:4] == "7F":
+        result[msg_type] = payload[4:]
+
+    else:
+        result[msg_type] = hex_to_str(payload[16:])
+
+    return {**result, "parser": f"v{VERSION}"}
+
+
+def parser_unknown(payload: str, msg: Message) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    # TODO: it may be useful to generically search payloads for hex_ids, commands, etc.
+
+    # These are generic parsers
+    if msg.len == 2 and payload[:2] == "00":
+        return {
+            "_payload": payload,
+            "_value": {"00": False, "C8": True}.get(payload[2:], int(payload[2:], 16)),
+        }
+
+    if msg.len == 3 and payload[:2] == "00":
+        return {
+            "_payload": payload,
+            "_value": hex_to_temp(payload[2:]),
+        }
+
+    raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+_PAYLOAD_PARSERS = {
+    k[7:].upper(): v
+    for k, v in locals().items()
+    if callable(v) and k.startswith("parser_") and len(k) == 11
+}
+
+
+def parse_payload(msg: Message) -> dict | list[dict]:
+    result: dict | list[dict]
+
+    result = _PAYLOAD_PARSERS.get(msg.code, parser_unknown)(msg._pkt.payload, msg)
+    if isinstance(result, dict) and msg.seqn.isnumeric():  # e.g. 22F1/3
+        result["seqx_num"] = msg.seqn
+
+    return result