qilisdk 0.1.8__cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl

qilisdk/speqtrum/speqtrum.py

@@ -0,0 +1,817 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Qilimanjaro Quantum Tech
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import base64
+import binascii
+import json
+import time
+from base64 import urlsafe_b64encode
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Generator, TypeAlias, TypeVar, cast, overload
+
+import httpx
+from loguru import logger
+from pydantic import TypeAdapter, ValidationError
+
+from qilisdk.experiments import (
+    RabiExperiment,
+    RabiExperimentResult,
+    T1Experiment,
+    T1ExperimentResult,
+    T2Experiment,
+    T2ExperimentResult,
+    TwoTonesExperiment,
+    TwoTonesExperimentResult,
+)
+from qilisdk.functionals import (
+    Sampling,
+    SamplingResult,
+    TimeEvolution,
+    TimeEvolutionResult,
+    VariationalProgram,
+    VariationalProgramResult,
+)
+from qilisdk.functionals.functional_result import FunctionalResult
+from qilisdk.settings import get_settings
+
+from .keyring import delete_credentials, load_credentials, store_credentials
+from .speqtrum_models import (
+    Device,
+    ExecutePayload,
+    ExecuteType,
+    JobDetail,
+    JobHandle,
+    JobId,
+    JobInfo,
+    JobStatus,
+    JobType,
+    RabiExperimentPayload,
+    SamplingPayload,
+    T1ExperimentPayload,
+    T2ExperimentPayload,
+    TimeEvolutionPayload,
+    Token,
+    TwoTonesExperimentPayload,
+    TypedJobDetail,
+    VariationalProgramPayload,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from qilisdk.functionals.functional import Functional, PrimitiveFunctional
+
+
+TFunctionalResult = TypeVar("TFunctionalResult", bound=FunctionalResult)
+JSONValue: TypeAlias = dict[str, "JSONValue"] | list["JSONValue"] | str | int | float | bool | None
+
+_SKIP_ENSURE_OK_EXTENSION = "qilisdk.skip_ensure_ok"
+_CONTEXT_EXTENSION = "qilisdk.request_context"
+
+
+class SpeQtrumAPIError(httpx.HTTPStatusError):
+    """Raised when the SpeQtrum API responds with a non-success HTTP status."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str, *, request: httpx.Request, response: httpx.Response) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message, request=request, response=response)
+
+
+def _safe_json_loads(value: str, *, context: str) -> JSONValue | None:
+    try:
+        result = json.loads(value)
+        return cast("JSONValue", result)
+    except json.JSONDecodeError as exc:
+        logger.warning("Failed to decode JSON for {}: {}", context, exc)
+        return None
+
+
+def _safe_b64_decode(value: str, *, context: str) -> str | None:
+    try:
+        decoded_bytes = base64.b64decode(value)
+    except (binascii.Error, ValueError) as exc:
+        logger.warning("Failed to base64 decode {}: {}", context, exc)
+        return None
+    try:
+        return decoded_bytes.decode("utf-8")
+    except UnicodeDecodeError as exc:
+        logger.warning("Failed to UTF-8 decode {}: {}", context, exc)
+        return None
+
+
+def _safe_b64_json(value: str, *, context: str) -> JSONValue | None:
+    decoded_text = _safe_b64_decode(value, context=context)
+    if decoded_text is None:
+        return None
+    return _safe_json_loads(decoded_text, context=context)
+
+
+def _request_extensions(*, context: str | None = None, skip_ensure_ok: bool = False) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    extensions: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    if context:
+        extensions[_CONTEXT_EXTENSION] = context
+    if skip_ensure_ok:
+        extensions[_SKIP_ENSURE_OK_EXTENSION] = True
+    return extensions or None
+
+
+def _response_context(response: httpx.Response) -> str:
+    request = response.request
+    if request is None:
+        return "SpeQtrum API call"
+    context = request.extensions.get(_CONTEXT_EXTENSION)
+    if isinstance(context, str) and context.strip():
+        return context
+    return f"{request.method} {request.url}"
+
+
+def _stringify_payload(payload: JSONValue | None) -> str | None:
+    if payload is None:
+        return None
+    if isinstance(payload, dict):
+        for key in ("message", "detail", "error", "error_description", "title"):
+            value = payload.get(key)
+            if isinstance(value, str) and value.strip():
+                code = payload.get("code") or payload.get("error_code") or payload.get("errorCode")
+                code_suffix = f" (code={code})" if isinstance(code, (str, int)) else ""
+                return value.strip() + code_suffix
+        try:
+            return json.dumps(payload, sort_keys=True)
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
+            return str(payload)
+    if isinstance(payload, list):
+        preview = ", ".join(str(item) for item in payload[:3])
+        return preview or str(payload)
+    if isinstance(payload, (str, int, float, bool)):
+        return str(payload)
+    return None
+
+
+def _summarize_error_payload(response: httpx.Response) -> str:
+    context = _response_context(response)
+    try:
+        body_text = response.text or ""
+    except httpx.ResponseNotRead:
+        try:
+            response.read()  # ensure body is buffered so we can reuse it later
+            body_text = response.text or ""
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            logger.debug("Failed to read response body for {}: {}", context, exc)
+            body_text = ""
+    payload = _safe_json_loads(body_text, context=f"{context} error body") if body_text else None
+    detail = _stringify_payload(payload)
+    if detail:
+        return detail
+    if body_text.strip():
+        return body_text.strip()
+    return "no response body"
+
+
+def _ensure_ok(response: httpx.Response) -> None:
+    request = response.request
+    if request is not None and request.extensions.get(_SKIP_ENSURE_OK_EXTENSION):
+        return
+    if response.status_code == httpx.codes.UNAUTHORIZED:
+        return
+    try:
+        response.raise_for_status()
+    except httpx.HTTPStatusError:
+        context = _response_context(response)
+        detail = _summarize_error_payload(response)
+        logger.error(
+            "{} failed with status {} {}: {}",
+            context,
+            response.status_code,
+            response.reason_phrase,
+            detail,
+        )
+        message = f"{context} failed with status {response.status_code}: {detail}"
+        raise SpeQtrumAPIError(message, request=response.request, response=response) from None
+
+
+class _BearerAuth(httpx.Auth):
+    """Bearer token auth handler with automatic refresh support."""
+
+    requires_response_body = True
+
+    def __init__(self, client: SpeQtrum) -> None:
+        self._client = client
+
+    def auth_flow(self, request: httpx.Request) -> Generator[httpx.Request, httpx.Response, None]:
+        request.headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {self._client.token.access_token}"
+        response = yield request
+
+        if response.status_code == httpx.codes.UNAUTHORIZED:
+            settings = get_settings()
+            refresh_request = httpx.Request(
+                "POST",
+                settings.speqtrum_api_url + "/authorisation-tokens/refresh",
+                headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {self._client.token.refresh_token}"},
+                extensions=_request_extensions(context="Refreshing SpeQtrum token", skip_ensure_ok=True),
+            )
+            refresh_response = yield refresh_request
+
+            try:
+                refresh_response.raise_for_status()
+            except httpx.HTTPStatusError as exc:
+                logger.error(
+                    "Token refresh failed with status {} {}",
+                    exc.response.status_code,
+                    exc.response.reason_phrase,
+                )
+                raise
+
+            try:
+                payload = refresh_response.json()
+            except json.JSONDecodeError as exc:
+                logger.error("Token refresh returned invalid JSON: {}", exc)
+                raise RuntimeError("SpeQtrum token refresh failed: invalid JSON payload") from exc
+
+            if not isinstance(payload, dict):
+                logger.error("Token refresh returned non-object payload: {}", type(payload).__name__)
+                raise RuntimeError("SpeQtrum token refresh failed: malformed token payload")
+
+            payload.pop("refreshToken", None)
+
+            try:
+                token = Token(**payload, refreshToken=self._client.token.refresh_token)
+            except (TypeError, ValidationError) as exc:
+                logger.error("Token refresh returned malformed payload: {}", exc)
+                raise RuntimeError("SpeQtrum token refresh failed: malformed token payload") from exc
+
+            self._client.token = token
+            store_credentials(self._client.username, self._client.token)
+            request.headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {self._client.token.access_token}"
+            yield request
+
+
+class SpeQtrum:
+    """Synchronous client for the Qilimanjaro SpeQtrum API."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        logger.debug("Initializing SpeQtrum client")
+        credentials = load_credentials()
+        if credentials is None:
+            logger.error("No credentials found. Call `SpeQtrum.login()` before instantiation.")
+            raise RuntimeError("Missing credentials - invoke SpeQtrum.login() first.")
+        self.username, self.token = credentials
+        logger.success("SpeQtrum client initialised for user '{}'", self.username)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_headers(cls) -> dict:
+        from qilisdk import __version__  # noqa: PLC0415
+
+        return {"User-Agent": f"qilisdk/{__version__}"}
+
+    def _create_client(self) -> httpx.Client:
+        """Return a freshly configured HTTP client for SpeQtrum interactions."""
+        settings = get_settings()
+        return httpx.Client(
+            base_url=settings.speqtrum_api_url,
+            headers=self._get_headers(),
+            auth=_BearerAuth(self),
+            event_hooks={"response": [_ensure_ok]},
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def login(
+        cls,
+        username: str | None = None,
+        apikey: str | None = None,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Authenticate and cache credentials in the system keyring.
+
+        Args:
+            username: SpeQtrum account user name. If ``None``, the value is read
+                from the environment.
+            apikey: SpeQtrum API key. If ``None``, the value is read from the
+                environment.
+
+        Returns:
+            ``True`` if authentication succeeds, otherwise ``False``.
+
+        Note:
+            The resulting tokens are stored securely in the OS keyring so that future
+            :class:`SpeQtrum` constructions require no explicit credentials.
+        """
+        # Use provided parameters or fall back to environment variables via Settings()
+        settings = get_settings()
+        username = username or settings.speqtrum_username
+        apikey = apikey or settings.speqtrum_apikey
+
+        if not username or not apikey:
+            logger.error("Login called without credentials.")
+            return False
+
+        # Send login request to QaaS
+        logger.debug("Attempting login for user '{}'", username)
+        try:
+            assertion = {
+                "username": username,
+                "api_key": apikey,
+                "audience": settings.speqtrum_audience,
+                "iat": int(datetime.now(timezone.utc).timestamp()),
+            }
+            encoded_assertion = urlsafe_b64encode(json.dumps(assertion, indent=2).encode("utf-8")).decode("utf-8")
+            with httpx.Client(
+                base_url=settings.speqtrum_api_url,
+                headers=cls._get_headers(),
+                timeout=10.0,
+                event_hooks={"response": [_ensure_ok]},
+            ) as client:
+                response = client.post(
+                    "/authorisation-tokens",
+                    json={
+                        "grantType": "urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:jwt-bearer",
+                        "assertion": encoded_assertion,
+                        "scope": "user profile",
+                    },
+                    extensions=_request_extensions(context="Authenticating user"),
+                )
+                response.raise_for_status()
+                token = Token(**response.json())
+        except httpx.HTTPError:
+            return False
+
+        store_credentials(username=username, token=token)
+        logger.success("Login successful for user '{}'", username)
+        return True
+
+    @classmethod
+    def logout(cls) -> None:
+        """Delete cached credentials from the keyring."""
+        delete_credentials()
+        logger.info("Cached credentials removed - user logged out")
+
+    def list_devices(self, where: Callable[[Device], bool] | None = None) -> list[Device]:
+        """Return all visible devices, optionally filtered.
+
+        Args:
+            where: A predicate that retains a device when it evaluates to
+                ``True``. Pass ``None`` to disable filtering.
+
+        Returns:
+            A list of :class:`~qilisdk.models.Device` objects.
+        """
+        logger.debug("Fetching device list from server…")
+        with self._create_client() as client:
+            response = client.get("/devices", extensions=_request_extensions(context="Fetching device list"))
+        devices = TypeAdapter(list[Device]).validate_python(response.json()["items"])
+        logger.success("{} devices retrieved", len(devices))
+        return [d for d in devices if where(d)] if where else devices
+
+    def list_jobs(self, where: Callable[[JobInfo], bool] | None = None) -> list[JobInfo]:
+        """Return lightweight job summaries.
+
+        Args:
+            where: Optional predicate applied client-side. A
+                :class:`~qilisdk.models.JobInfo` remains in the list if the
+                predicate returns ``True``. ``None`` disables filtering.
+
+        Returns:
+            A list of :class:`~qilisdk.models.JobInfo` objects.
+        """
+        logger.debug("Fetching job list…")
+        with self._create_client() as client:
+            response = client.get("/jobs", extensions=_request_extensions(context="Fetching job list"))
+        jobs = TypeAdapter(list[JobInfo]).validate_python(response.json()["items"])
+        logger.success("{} jobs retrieved", len(jobs))
+        return [j for j in jobs if where(j)] if where else jobs
+
+    @overload
+    def get_job(self, job: JobHandle[TFunctionalResult]) -> TypedJobDetail[TFunctionalResult]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def get_job(self, job: int) -> JobDetail: ...
+
+    def get_job(self, job: int | JobHandle[Any]) -> JobDetail | TypedJobDetail[Any]:
+        """Fetch the complete record of *job*.
+
+        Args:
+            job: Either the integer identifier or a previously returned `JobHandle`.
+
+        Returns:
+            A :class:`~qilisdk.models.JobDetail` snapshot. When a handle is supplied the
+            result is wrapped in :class:`~qilisdk.models.TypedJobDetail` to expose typed accessors.
+        """
+        job_id = job.id if isinstance(job, JobHandle) else job
+        logger.debug("Retrieving job {} details", job_id)
+        with self._create_client() as client:
+            response = client.get(
+                f"/jobs/{job_id}",
+                params={
+                    "payload": True,
+                    "result": True,
+                    "logs": True,
+                    "error_logs": True,
+                    "error": True,
+                },
+                extensions=_request_extensions(context=f"Fetching job {job_id}"),
+            )
+        data = response.json()
+        raw_payload = data.get("payload")
+        if isinstance(raw_payload, str):
+            data["payload"] = _safe_json_loads(raw_payload, context=f"job {job_id} payload")
+
+        raw_result = data.get("result")
+        if isinstance(raw_result, str):
+            data["result"] = _safe_b64_json(raw_result, context=f"job {job_id} result")
+
+        raw_error = data.get("error")
+        if isinstance(raw_error, str):
+            data["error"] = _safe_b64_decode(raw_error, context=f"job {job_id} error")
+
+        raw_logs = data.get("logs")
+        if isinstance(raw_logs, str):
+            data["logs"] = _safe_b64_decode(raw_logs, context=f"job {job_id} logs")
+
+        raw_error_logs = data.get("error_logs")
+        if isinstance(raw_error_logs, str):
+            data["error_logs"] = _safe_b64_decode(raw_error_logs, context=f"job {job_id} error logs")
+
+        job_detail = TypeAdapter(JobDetail).validate_python(data)
+        logger.debug("Job {} details retrieved (status {})", job_id, job_detail.status.value)
+        if isinstance(job, JobHandle):
+            return job.bind(job_detail)
+        return job_detail
+
+    @overload
+    def wait_for_job(
+        self,
+        job: JobHandle[TFunctionalResult],
+        *,
+        poll_interval: float = 5.0,
+        timeout: float | None = None,
+    ) -> TypedJobDetail[TFunctionalResult]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def wait_for_job(
+        self,
+        job: int,
+        *,
+        poll_interval: float = 5.0,
+        timeout: float | None = None,
+    ) -> JobDetail: ...
+
+    def wait_for_job(
+        self,
+        job: int | JobHandle[Any],
+        *,
+        poll_interval: float = 5.0,
+        timeout: float | None = None,
+    ) -> JobDetail | TypedJobDetail[Any]:
+        """Block until the job referenced by *job* reaches a terminal state.
+
+        Args:
+            job: Either the integer job identifier or a previously returned `JobHandle`.
+            poll_interval: Seconds between successive polls. Defaults to ``5``.
+            timeout: Maximum wait time in seconds. ``None`` waits indefinitely.
+
+        Returns:
+            Final :class:`~qilisdk.models.JobDetail` snapshot, optionally wrapped with type-safe accessors.
+
+        Raises:
+            TimeoutError: If *timeout* elapses before the job finishes.
+        """
+        job_id = job.id if isinstance(job, JobHandle) else job
+        logger.info("Waiting for job {} (poll={}s, timeout={}s)…", job_id, poll_interval, timeout)
+        start_t = time.monotonic()
+        terminal_states = {
+            JobStatus.COMPLETED,
+            JobStatus.ERROR,
+            JobStatus.CANCELLED,
+        }
+
+        # poll until we hit a terminal state or timeout
+        while True:
+            current = self.get_job(job_id)
+
+            if current.status in terminal_states:
+                logger.success("Job {} reached terminal state {}", job_id, current.status.value)
+                if isinstance(job, JobHandle):
+                    return job.bind(current)
+                return current
+
+            if timeout is not None and (time.monotonic() - start_t) >= timeout:
+                logger.error(
+                    "Timeout while waiting for job {} after {}s (last status {})",
+                    job_id,
+                    timeout,
+                    current.status.value,
+                )
+                raise TimeoutError(
+                    f"Timed out after {timeout}s while waiting for job {job_id} (last status {current.status.value!r})"
+                )
+
+            logger.debug("Job {} still {}, sleeping {}s", job_id, current.status.value, poll_interval)
+            time.sleep(poll_interval)
+
+    @overload
+    def submit(self, functional: Sampling, device: str, job_name: str | None = None) -> JobHandle[SamplingResult]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def submit(
+        self, functional: TimeEvolution, device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[TimeEvolutionResult]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def submit(
+        self, functional: VariationalProgram[Sampling], device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[VariationalProgramResult[SamplingResult]]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def submit(
+        self, functional: VariationalProgram[TimeEvolution], device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[VariationalProgramResult[TimeEvolutionResult]]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def submit(
+        self,
+        functional: VariationalProgram[PrimitiveFunctional[TFunctionalResult]],
+        device: str,
+        job_name: str | None = None,
+    ) -> JobHandle[VariationalProgramResult[TFunctionalResult]]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def submit(
+        self, functional: RabiExperiment, device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[RabiExperimentResult]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def submit(
+        self, functional: T1Experiment, device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[T1ExperimentResult]: ...
+
+    def submit(self, functional: Functional, device: str, job_name: str | None = None) -> JobHandle[FunctionalResult]:
+        """
+        Submit a quantum functional for execution on the selected device.
+
+        The concrete subclass of
+        :class:`~qilisdk.functionals.functional.Functional` provided in
+        *functional* determines which private ``_execute_*`` routine is
+        invoked. Supported types are:
+
+        * :class:`~qilisdk.functionals.sampling.Sampling`
+        * :class:`~qilisdk.functionals.time_evolution.TimeEvolution`
+        * :class:`~qilisdk.functionals.variational_program.VariationalProgram`
+        * :class:`~qilisdk.speqtrum.experiments.experiment_functional.RabiExperiment`
+        * :class:`~qilisdk.speqtrum.experiments.experiment_functional.T1Experiment`
+
+        A backend device must be selected beforehand with
+        :py:meth:`set_device`.
+
+        Args:
+            functional: A fully configured functional instance (e.g.,
+                ``Sampling`` or ``TimeEvolution``) that defines the quantum
+                workload to be executed.
+            device: Device code returned by :py:meth:`list_devices`.
+            job_name (optional): The name of the job, this can help you identify different jobs easier. Default: None.
+
+        Returns:
+            JobHandle: A typed handle carrying the numeric job identifier and result type metadata.
+
+        Raises:
+            NotImplementedError: If *functional* is not of a supported type.
+        """
+        if isinstance(functional, VariationalProgram):
+            inner = functional.functional
+            if isinstance(inner, Sampling):
+                return self._submit_variational_program(
+                    cast("VariationalProgram[Sampling]", functional), device, job_name
+                )
+            if isinstance(inner, TimeEvolution):
+                return self._submit_variational_program(
+                    cast("VariationalProgram[TimeEvolution]", functional), device, job_name
+                )
+
+            # Fallback to untyped handle for custom primitives.
+            job_handle = self._submit_variational_program(cast("VariationalProgram[Any]", functional), device, job_name)
+            return cast("JobHandle[FunctionalResult]", job_handle)
+
+        if isinstance(functional, Sampling):
+            return self._submit_sampling(functional, device, job_name)
+
+        if isinstance(functional, TimeEvolution):
+            return self._submit_time_evolution(functional, device, job_name)
+
+        if isinstance(functional, RabiExperiment):
+            return self._submit_rabi(functional, device, job_name)
+
+        if isinstance(functional, T1Experiment):
+            return self._submit_t1(functional, device, job_name)
+
+        if isinstance(functional, T2Experiment):
+            return self._submit_t2(functional, device, job_name)
+
+        if isinstance(functional, TwoTonesExperiment):
+            return self._submit_two_tones(functional, device, job_name)
+
+        logger.error("Unsupported functional type: {}", type(functional).__qualname__)
+        raise NotImplementedError(f"{type(self).__qualname__} does not support {type(functional).__qualname__}")
+
+    def _submit_sampling(
+        self, sampling: Sampling, device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[SamplingResult]:
+        payload = ExecutePayload(
+            type=ExecuteType.SAMPLING,
+            sampling_payload=SamplingPayload(sampling=sampling),
+        )
+        json = {
+            "device_code": device,
+            "payload": payload.model_dump_json(),
+            "job_type": JobType.DIGITAL,
+            "meta": {},
+        }
+        if job_name:
+            json["name"] = job_name
+        logger.debug("Executing Sampling on device {}", device)
+        with self._create_client() as client:
+            response = client.post("/execute", json=json, extensions=_request_extensions(context="Executing Sampling"))
+        job = JobId(**response.json())
+        logger.info("Sampling job submitted: {}", job.id)
+        return JobHandle.sampling(job.id)
+
+    def _submit_rabi(
+        self, rabi_experiment: RabiExperiment, device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[RabiExperimentResult]:
+        payload = ExecutePayload(
+            type=ExecuteType.RABI_EXPERIMENT,
+            rabi_experiment_payload=RabiExperimentPayload(rabi_experiment=rabi_experiment),
+        )
+        json = {
+            "device_code": device,
+            "payload": payload.model_dump_json(),
+            "job_type": JobType.PULSE,
+            "meta": {},
+        }
+        if job_name:
+            json["name"] = job_name
+        logger.debug("Executing Rabi experiment on device {}", device)
+        with self._create_client() as client:
+            response = client.post(
+                "/execute",
+                json=json,
+                extensions=_request_extensions(context="Executing Rabi experiment"),
+            )
+        job = JobId(**response.json())
+        logger.info("Rabi experiment job submitted: {}", job.id)
+        return JobHandle.rabi_experiment(job.id)
+
+    def _submit_t1(
+        self, t1_experiment: T1Experiment, device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[T1ExperimentResult]:
+        payload = ExecutePayload(
+            type=ExecuteType.T1_EXPERIMENT,
+            t1_experiment_payload=T1ExperimentPayload(t1_experiment=t1_experiment),
+        )
+        json = {
+            "device_code": device,
+            "payload": payload.model_dump_json(),
+            "job_type": JobType.PULSE,
+            "meta": {},
+        }
+        if job_name:
+            json["name"] = job_name
+        logger.debug("Executing T1 experiment on device {}", device)
+        with self._create_client() as client:
+            response = client.post(
+                "/execute",
+                json=json,
+                extensions=_request_extensions(context="Executing T1 experiment"),
+            )
+        job = JobId(**response.json())
+        logger.info("T1 experiment job submitted: {}", job.id)
+        return JobHandle.t1_experiment(job.id)
+
+    def _submit_t2(
+        self, t2_experiment: T2Experiment, device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[T2ExperimentResult]:
+        payload = ExecutePayload(
+            type=ExecuteType.T2_EXPERIMENT,
+            t2_experiment_payload=T2ExperimentPayload(t2_experiment=t2_experiment),
+        )
+        json = {
+            "device_code": device,
+            "payload": payload.model_dump_json(),
+            "job_type": JobType.PULSE,
+            "meta": {},
+        }
+        if job_name:
+            json["name"] = job_name
+        logger.debug("Executing T2 experiment on device {}", device)
+        with self._create_client() as client:
+            response = client.post(
+                "/execute",
+                json=json,
+                extensions=_request_extensions(context="Executing T2 experiment"),
+            )
+        job = JobId(**response.json())
+        logger.info("T2 experiment job submitted: {}", job.id)
+        return JobHandle.t2_experiment(job.id)
+
+    def _submit_two_tones(
+        self, two_tones_experiment: TwoTonesExperiment, device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[TwoTonesExperimentResult]:
+        payload = ExecutePayload(
+            type=ExecuteType.TWO_TONES_EXPERIMENT,
+            two_tones_experiment_payload=TwoTonesExperimentPayload(two_tones_experiment=two_tones_experiment),
+        )
+        json = {
+            "device_code": device,
+            "payload": payload.model_dump_json(),
+            "job_type": JobType.PULSE,
+            "meta": {},
+        }
+        if job_name:
+            json["name"] = job_name
+        logger.debug("Executing Two-Tones experiment on device {}", device)
+        with self._create_client() as client:
+            response = client.post(
+                "/execute",
+                json=json,
+                extensions=_request_extensions(context="Executing Two-Tones experiment"),
+            )
+        job = JobId(**response.json())
+        logger.info("Two-Tones experiment job submitted: {}", job.id)
+        return JobHandle.two_tones_experiment(job.id)
+
+    def _submit_time_evolution(
+        self, time_evolution: TimeEvolution, device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[TimeEvolutionResult]:
+        payload = ExecutePayload(
+            type=ExecuteType.TIME_EVOLUTION,
+            time_evolution_payload=TimeEvolutionPayload(time_evolution=time_evolution),
+        )
+        json = {
+            "device_code": device,
+            "payload": payload.model_dump_json(),
+            "job_type": JobType.ANALOG,
+            "meta": {},
+        }
+        if job_name:
+            json["name"] = job_name
+        logger.debug("Executing time evolution on device {}", device)
+        with self._create_client() as client:
+            response = client.post(
+                "/execute",
+                json=json,
+                extensions=_request_extensions(context="Executing time evolution"),
+            )
+        job = JobId(**response.json())
+        logger.info("Time Evolution job submitted: {}", job.id)
+        return JobHandle.time_evolution(job.id)
+
+    @overload
+    def _submit_variational_program(
+        self, variational_program: VariationalProgram[Sampling], device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[VariationalProgramResult[SamplingResult]]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _submit_variational_program(
+        self, variational_program: VariationalProgram[TimeEvolution], device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[VariationalProgramResult[TimeEvolutionResult]]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _submit_variational_program(
+        self, variational_program: VariationalProgram[Any], device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[VariationalProgramResult]: ...
+
+    def _submit_variational_program(
+        self, variational_program: VariationalProgram[Any], device: str, job_name: str | None = None
+    ) -> JobHandle[VariationalProgramResult]:
+        payload = ExecutePayload(
+            type=ExecuteType.VARIATIONAL_PROGRAM,
+            variational_program_payload=VariationalProgramPayload(variational_program=variational_program),
+        )
+        json = {
+            "device_code": device,
+            "payload": payload.model_dump_json(),
+            "job_type": JobType.VARIATIONAL,
+            "meta": {},
+        }
+        if job_name:
+            json["name"] = job_name
+        logger.debug("Executing variational program on device {}", device)
+        with self._create_client() as client:
+            response = client.post(
+                "/execute",
+                json=json,
+                extensions=_request_extensions(context="Executing variational program"),
+            )
+        job = JobId(**response.json())
+        logger.info("Variational program job submitted: {}", job.id)
+        inner = variational_program.functional
+        if isinstance(inner, Sampling):
+            return JobHandle.variational_program(job.id, result_type=SamplingResult)
+        if isinstance(inner, TimeEvolution):
+            return JobHandle.variational_program(job.id, result_type=TimeEvolutionResult)
+        return JobHandle.variational_program(job.id)