pytrilogy 0.0.3.91__py3-none-any.whl → 0.0.3.93__py3-none-any.whl

{pytrilogy-0.0.3.91.dist-info → pytrilogy-0.0.3.93.dist-info}/METADATA

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Metadata-Version: 2.4
 Name: pytrilogy
-Version: 0.0.3.91
+Version: 0.0.3.93
 Summary: Declarative, typed query language that compiles to SQL.
 Home-page: 
 Author: 
@@ -52,12 +52,12 @@ The Trilogy language is an experiment in better SQL for analytics - a streamline
 - Testability
 - Easy to use for humans and LLMs
 
-Trilogy is epsecially targeted at data consumption, providing a rich metadata layer that makes visualizing Trilogy easy and expressive. 
+Trilogy is especially powerful for data consumption, providing a rich metadata layer that makes creating, interperting, and visualizing queries easy and expressive. 
 
 > [!TIP]
 > You can try Trilogy in a [open-source studio](https://trilogydata.dev/trilogy-studio-core/). More details on the language can be found on the [documentation](https://trilogydata.dev/).
 
-Start in the studio to explore Trilogy. For deeper work and integration, `pytrilogy` can be run locally to parse and execute trilogy model [.preql] files using the `trilogy` CLI tool, or can be run in python by importing the `trilogy` package.
+We recommend starting with the studio to explore Trilogy. For integration, `pytrilogy` can be run locally to parse and execute trilogy model [.preql] files using the `trilogy` CLI tool, or can be run in python by importing the `trilogy` package.
 
 Installation: `pip install pytrilogy`
 
@@ -104,10 +104,13 @@ Save the following code in a file named `hello.preql`
 
 ```python
 # semantic model is abstract from data
+
+type word string; # types can be used to provide expressive metadata tags that propagate through dataflow
+
 key sentence_id int;
-property sentence_id.word_one string; # comments after a definition 
-property sentence_id.word_two string; # are syntactic sugar for adding
-property sentence_id.word_three string; # a description to it
+property sentence_id.word_one string::word; # comments after a definition 
+property sentence_id.word_two string::word; # are syntactic sugar for adding
+property sentence_id.word_three string::word; # a description to it
 
 # comments in other places are just comments
 

{pytrilogy-0.0.3.91.dist-info → pytrilogy-0.0.3.93.dist-info}/RECORD

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-pytrilogy-0.0.3.91.dist-info/licenses/LICENSE.md,sha256=5ZRvtTyCCFwz1THxDTjAu3Lidds9WjPvvzgVwPSYNDo,1042
-trilogy/__init__.py,sha256=LDWJhBs1R3AQp5R7V_F0oNbHt99WNfQUp0xPRujT930,303
+pytrilogy-0.0.3.93.dist-info/licenses/LICENSE.md,sha256=5ZRvtTyCCFwz1THxDTjAu3Lidds9WjPvvzgVwPSYNDo,1042
+trilogy/__init__.py,sha256=bRQB4EfrZ7rrA1l36UCSKRaXQEy-Rp6GDcsPvFJ-QFE,303
 trilogy/compiler.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
 trilogy/constants.py,sha256=eKb_EJvSqjN9tGbdVEViwdtwwh8fZ3-jpOEDqL71y70,1691
 trilogy/engine.py,sha256=OK2RuqCIUId6yZ5hfF8J1nxGP0AJqHRZiafcowmW0xc,1728
@@ -12,24 +12,24 @@ trilogy/authoring/__init__.py,sha256=e74k-Jep4DLYPQU_2m0aVsYlw5HKTOucAKtdTbd6f2g
 trilogy/core/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
 trilogy/core/constants.py,sha256=nizWYDCJQ1bigQMtkNIEMNTcN0NoEAXiIHLzpelxQ24,201
 trilogy/core/enums.py,sha256=RQRkpGHLtcBKAO6jZnmGVtSUnb00Q2rP56ltYGdfTok,8294
-trilogy/core/env_processor.py,sha256=pFsxnluKIusGKx1z7tTnfsd_xZcPy9pZDungkjkyvI0,3170
+trilogy/core/env_processor.py,sha256=pD_YYuDG6CMybmwW9H2w958RloA7lEeVbzKXP6ltz2o,4078
 trilogy/core/environment_helpers.py,sha256=VvPIiFemqaLLpIpLIqprfu63K7muZ1YzNg7UZIUph8w,8267
 trilogy/core/ergonomics.py,sha256=e-7gE29vPLFdg0_A1smQ7eOrUwKl5VYdxRSTddHweRA,1631
 trilogy/core/exceptions.py,sha256=jYEduuMehcMkmCpf-OC_taELPZm7qNfeSNzIWkDYScs,707
 trilogy/core/functions.py,sha256=hnfcNjAD-XQ572vEwuUEAdBf8zKFWYwPeHIpESjUpZs,32928
-trilogy/core/graph_models.py,sha256=BYhJzHKSgnZHVLJs1CfsgrxTPHqKqPNeA64RlozGY0A,3498
+trilogy/core/graph_models.py,sha256=zBzUwhYpnDJG91pWtk9ngw1WiTgHkMawyrqXptcGWGA,3847
 trilogy/core/internal.py,sha256=wFx4e1I0mtx159YFShSXeUBSQ82NINtAbOI-92RX4i8,2151
 trilogy/core/optimization.py,sha256=ojpn-p79lr03SSVQbbw74iPCyoYpDYBmj1dbZ3oXCjI,8860
 trilogy/core/query_processor.py,sha256=5aFgv-2LVM1Uku9cR_tFuTRDwyLnxc95bCMAHeFy2AY,20332
 trilogy/core/utility.py,sha256=3VC13uSQWcZNghgt7Ot0ZTeEmNqs__cx122abVq9qhM,410
 trilogy/core/models/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
-trilogy/core/models/author.py,sha256=wiKmEIouIVuzaYSM30PGon_FA9nowtDgnyLO-x5znBI,80180
-trilogy/core/models/build.py,sha256=CyrSo4xgU-uDKW3xUVYs5cTk3Z3Z2BMWdGQNHnHZOqU,66127
-trilogy/core/models/build_environment.py,sha256=s_C9xAHuD3yZ26T15pWVBvoqvlp2LdZ8yjsv2_HdXLk,5363
-trilogy/core/models/core.py,sha256=NOvonI4Ip4thpz5WoJZWbbBa44PFfpd2hXGx2Cbi4CE,12521
+trilogy/core/models/author.py,sha256=31WLOzOJMBoISjiIAAkY6wnH1Om8PPA_dh9tu17_djs,81553
+trilogy/core/models/build.py,sha256=Eew1P6mNNB7ywSb37sw4XBvJ-yyJK5vg99oIXgqgXAw,70529
+trilogy/core/models/build_environment.py,sha256=mpx7MKGc60fnZLVdeLi2YSREy7eQbQYycCrP4zF-rHU,5258
+trilogy/core/models/core.py,sha256=nnz3ZROlVT18uygEWqqbfbHmcJkm2UC3VVCrsri_-K0,12836
 trilogy/core/models/datasource.py,sha256=wogTevZ-9CyUW2a8gjzqMCieircxi-J5lkI7EOAZnck,9596
 trilogy/core/models/environment.py,sha256=0IHSCFf5e5b4LPQN3vmjumtfM1iD1tN4WMoUr0UqxZI,27855
-trilogy/core/models/execute.py,sha256=sVWhjwWull-T6pUJizhrYVGCWHY3eZivVN6KNlhcHig,41839
+trilogy/core/models/execute.py,sha256=PLSwllj0RnViY_R5ZKjyuZIZJvfOYDJn_Af-tBthzGM,41842
 trilogy/core/optimizations/__init__.py,sha256=YH2-mGXZnVDnBcWVi8vTbrdw7Qs5TivG4h38rH3js_I,290
 trilogy/core/optimizations/base_optimization.py,sha256=gzDOKImoFn36k7XBD3ysEYDnbnb6vdVIztUfFQZsGnM,513
 trilogy/core/optimizations/inline_datasource.py,sha256=2sWNRpoRInnTgo9wExVT_r9RfLAQHI57reEV5cGHUcg,4329
@@ -47,13 +47,14 @@ trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/basic_node.py,sha256=TLZCv4WS196a-0g5xgK
 trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/common.py,sha256=PdysdroW9DUADP7f5Wv_GKPUyCTROZV1g3L45fawxi8,9443
 trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/constant_node.py,sha256=LfpDq2WrBRZ3tGsLxw77LuigKfhbteWWh9L8BGdMGwk,1146
 trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/filter_node.py,sha256=ArBsQJl-4fWBJWCE28CRQ7UT7ErnFfbcseoQQZrBodY,11220
-trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/group_node.py,sha256=1QJhRxsTklJ5xq8wHlAURZaN9gL9FPpeCa1OJ7IwXnY,6769
+trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/group_node.py,sha256=8HJ1lkOvIXfX3xoS2IMbM_wCu_mT0J_hQ7xnTaxsVlo,6611
 trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/group_to_node.py,sha256=jKcNCDOY6fNblrdZwaRU0sbUSr9H0moQbAxrGgX6iGA,3832
 trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/multiselect_node.py,sha256=GWV5yLmKTe1yyPhN60RG1Rnrn4ktfn9lYYXi_FVU4UI,7061
-trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/node_merge_node.py,sha256=sUKS9bSTeYNCyF9jibrkac1_QkmxD-k4x35nQK1b9cM,18312
+trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/node_merge_node.py,sha256=rb6ltJyhAUFairG6LZJ111Zm2uQhXWsSZfSERahUNGc,18258
 trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/recursive_node.py,sha256=l5zdh0dURKwmAy8kK4OpMtZfyUEQRk6N-PwSWIyBpSM,2468
 trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/rowset_node.py,sha256=5L5u6xz1In8EaHQdcYgR2si-tz9WB9YLXURo4AkUT9A,6630
 trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/select_merge_node.py,sha256=Cv2GwNiYSmwewjuK8T3JB3pbgrLZFPsB75DCP153BMA,22818
+trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/select_merge_node_v2.py,sha256=1HQedwstFbk3xc7B09ElJ3mMoIKixtkcCqjDIBfsxck,25707
 trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/select_node.py,sha256=Ta1G39V94gjX_AgyZDz9OqnwLz4BjY3D6Drx9YpziMQ,3555
 trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/synonym_node.py,sha256=AnAsa_Wj50NJ_IK0HSgab_7klYmKVrv0WI1uUe-GvEY,3766
 trilogy/core/processing/node_generators/union_node.py,sha256=VNo6Oey4p8etU9xrOh2oTT2lIOTvY6PULUPRvVa2uxU,2877
@@ -94,13 +95,13 @@ trilogy/hooks/graph_hook.py,sha256=5BfR7Dt0bgEsCLgwjowgCsVkboGYfVJGOz8g9mqpnos,4
 trilogy/hooks/query_debugger.py,sha256=1npRjww94sPV5RRBBlLqMJRaFkH9vhEY6o828MeoEcw,5583
 trilogy/metadata/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
 trilogy/parsing/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
-trilogy/parsing/common.py,sha256=yV1AckK0h8u1OFeGQBTMu-wuW5m63c5CcZuPicsTH_w,30660
+trilogy/parsing/common.py,sha256=550-L0444GUuBFdiDWkOg_DxnMXtcJFUMES2R5zlwik,31026
 trilogy/parsing/config.py,sha256=Z-DaefdKhPDmSXLgg5V4pebhSB0h590vI0_VtHnlukI,111
 trilogy/parsing/exceptions.py,sha256=Xwwsv2C9kSNv2q-HrrKC1f60JNHShXcCMzstTSEbiCw,154
 trilogy/parsing/helpers.py,sha256=AbpHGcgLb-kRsJGnwFEktk7uzpZOCcBY74-YBdrKVGs,1
-trilogy/parsing/parse_engine.py,sha256=fgqCtV6sf9HrkViEjf6XXdRpPf4hJ1gSyzLXZ9sLBHs,80148
+trilogy/parsing/parse_engine.py,sha256=minAI04kKs5uZqRumafMCvC9lRwlcXCLmDigcNOF_7w,80639
 trilogy/parsing/render.py,sha256=HSNntD82GiiwHT-TWPLXAaIMWLYVV5B5zQEsgwrHIBE,19605
-trilogy/parsing/trilogy.lark,sha256=ySzMMLxyPjn74MjFHZxXPTW-jHW68KLPJpiszPvZaO0,15780
+trilogy/parsing/trilogy.lark,sha256=e2YVSxqzRov08AydtDSA8aqSJU2M1eJaidMEkHCdsYE,15896
 trilogy/scripts/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
 trilogy/scripts/trilogy.py,sha256=1L0XrH4mVHRt1C9T1HnaDv2_kYEfbWTb5_-cBBke79w,3774
 trilogy/std/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
@@ -111,8 +112,8 @@ trilogy/std/money.preql,sha256=XWwvAV3WxBsHX9zfptoYRnBigcfYwrYtBHXTME0xJuQ,2082
 trilogy/std/net.preql,sha256=WZCuvH87_rZntZiuGJMmBDMVKkdhTtxeHOkrXNwJ1EE,416
 trilogy/std/ranking.preql,sha256=LDoZrYyz4g3xsII9XwXfmstZD-_92i1Eox1UqkBIfi8,83
 trilogy/std/report.preql,sha256=LbV-XlHdfw0jgnQ8pV7acG95xrd1-p65fVpiIc-S7W4,202
-pytrilogy-0.0.3.91.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=_W2oS79HhEjdCvg8ZApmI5siy5k513pXXCO541NVziQ,9589
-pytrilogy-0.0.3.91.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=_zCd3N1l69ArxyTb8rzEoP9TpbYXkqRFSNOD5OuxnTs,91
-pytrilogy-0.0.3.91.dist-info/entry_points.txt,sha256=ewBPU2vLnVexZVnB-NrVj-p3E-4vukg83Zk8A55Wp2w,56
-pytrilogy-0.0.3.91.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=cAy__NW_eMAa_yT9UnUNlZLFfxcg6eimUAZ184cdNiE,8
-pytrilogy-0.0.3.91.dist-info/RECORD,,
+pytrilogy-0.0.3.93.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=Cyriy0EbhAniv3y6S2WNWQdYcNJK1iePuzmd2JnbW0U,9746
+pytrilogy-0.0.3.93.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=_zCd3N1l69ArxyTb8rzEoP9TpbYXkqRFSNOD5OuxnTs,91
+pytrilogy-0.0.3.93.dist-info/entry_points.txt,sha256=ewBPU2vLnVexZVnB-NrVj-p3E-4vukg83Zk8A55Wp2w,56
+pytrilogy-0.0.3.93.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=cAy__NW_eMAa_yT9UnUNlZLFfxcg6eimUAZ184cdNiE,8
+pytrilogy-0.0.3.93.dist-info/RECORD,,

trilogy/__init__.py

@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ from trilogy.dialect.enums import Dialects
 from trilogy.executor import Executor
 from trilogy.parser import parse
 
-__version__ = "0.0.3.91"
+__version__ = "0.0.3.93"
 
 __all__ = ["parse", "Executor", "Dialects", "Environment", "CONFIG"]

trilogy/core/env_processor.py

@@ -8,26 +8,34 @@ from trilogy.core.models.build_environment import BuildEnvironment
 
 
 def add_concept(
-    concept: BuildConcept, g: ReferenceGraph, concept_mapping: dict[str, BuildConcept]
+    concept: BuildConcept,
+    g: ReferenceGraph,
+    concept_mapping: dict[str, BuildConcept],
+    default_concept_graph: dict[str, BuildConcept],
+    seen: set[str],
 ):
-    g.add_node(concept)
+
     # if we have sources, recursively add them
     node_name = concept_to_node(concept)
+    if node_name in seen:
+        return
+    seen.add(node_name)
+    g.add_node(concept)
     if concept.concept_arguments:
         for source in concept.concept_arguments:
             if not isinstance(source, BuildConcept):
                 raise ValueError(
                     f"Invalid non-build concept {source} passed into graph generation from {concept}"
                 )
-            generic = source.with_default_grain()
-            add_concept(generic, g, concept_mapping)
+            generic = get_default_grain_concept(source, default_concept_graph)
+            add_concept(generic, g, concept_mapping, default_concept_graph, seen)
 
             g.add_edge(generic, node_name)
     for ps_address in concept.pseudonyms:
         if ps_address not in concept_mapping:
             raise SyntaxError(f"Concept {concept} has invalid pseudonym {ps_address}")
         pseudonym = concept_mapping[ps_address]
-        pseudonym = pseudonym.with_default_grain()
+        pseudonym = get_default_grain_concept(pseudonym, default_concept_graph)
         pseudonym_node = concept_to_node(pseudonym)
         if (pseudonym_node, node_name) in g.edges and (
             node_name,
@@ -38,16 +46,29 @@ def add_concept(
             continue
         g.add_edge(pseudonym_node, node_name, pseudonym=True)
         g.add_edge(node_name, pseudonym_node, pseudonym=True)
-        add_concept(pseudonym, g, concept_mapping)
+        add_concept(pseudonym, g, concept_mapping, default_concept_graph, seen)
+
+
+def get_default_grain_concept(
+    concept: BuildConcept, default_concept_graph: dict[str, BuildConcept]
+) -> BuildConcept:
+    """Get the default grain concept from the graph."""
+    if concept.address in default_concept_graph:
+        return default_concept_graph[concept.address]
+    default = concept.with_default_grain()
+    default_concept_graph[concept.address] = default
+    return default
 
 
 def generate_adhoc_graph(
     concepts: list[BuildConcept],
     datasources: list[BuildDatasource],
+    default_concept_graph: dict[str, BuildConcept],
     restrict_to_listed: bool = False,
 ) -> ReferenceGraph:
     g = ReferenceGraph()
     concept_mapping = {x.address: x for x in concepts}
+    seen: set[str] = set()
     for concept in concepts:
         if not isinstance(concept, BuildConcept):
             raise ValueError(f"Invalid non-build concept {concept}")
@@ -55,7 +76,7 @@ def generate_adhoc_graph(
     # add all parsed concepts
     for concept in concepts:
 
-        add_concept(concept, g, concept_mapping)
+        add_concept(concept, g, concept_mapping, default_concept_graph, seen)
 
     for dataset in datasources:
         node = datasource_to_node(dataset)
@@ -69,7 +90,7 @@ def generate_adhoc_graph(
             # if there is a key on a table at a different grain
             # add an FK edge to the canonical source, if it exists
             # for example, order ID on order product table
-            default = concept.with_default_grain()
+            default = get_default_grain_concept(concept, default_concept_graph)
             if concept != default:
                 g.add_edge(concept, default)
                 g.add_edge(default, concept)
@@ -79,9 +100,10 @@ def generate_adhoc_graph(
 def generate_graph(
     environment: BuildEnvironment,
 ) -> ReferenceGraph:
-
+    default_concept_graph: dict[str, BuildConcept] = {}
     return generate_adhoc_graph(
         list(environment.concepts.values())
         + list(environment.alias_origin_lookup.values()),
         list(environment.datasources.values()),
+        default_concept_graph=default_concept_graph,
     )

trilogy/core/graph_models.py

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def prune_sources_for_conditions(
 def concept_to_node(input: BuildConcept) -> str:
     # if input.purpose == Purpose.METRIC:
     #     return f"c~{input.namespace}.{input.name}@{input.grain}"
-    return f"c~{input.address}@{input.grain.without_condition()}"
+    return f"c~{input.address}@{input.grain.str_no_condition}"
 
 
 def datasource_to_node(input: BuildDatasource) -> str:
@@ -72,11 +72,15 @@ class ReferenceGraph(nx.DiGraph):
     def add_node(self, node_for_adding, **attr):
         if isinstance(node_for_adding, BuildConcept):
             node_name = concept_to_node(node_for_adding)
+            # if node_name in self.nodes:
+            #     return
             attr["type"] = "concept"
             attr["concept"] = node_for_adding
             attr["grain"] = node_for_adding.grain
         elif isinstance(node_for_adding, BuildDatasource):
             node_name = datasource_to_node(node_for_adding)
+            # if node_name in self.nodes:
+            #     return
             attr["type"] = "datasource"
             attr["ds"] = node_for_adding
             attr["grain"] = node_for_adding.grain
@@ -91,7 +95,10 @@ class ReferenceGraph(nx.DiGraph):
             if u_of_edge not in self.nodes:
                 self.add_node(orig)
         elif isinstance(u_of_edge, BuildDatasource):
+            orig = u_of_edge
             u_of_edge = datasource_to_node(u_of_edge)
+            if u_of_edge not in self.nodes:
+                self.add_node(orig)
 
         if isinstance(v_of_edge, BuildConcept):
             orig = v_of_edge
@@ -99,5 +106,8 @@ class ReferenceGraph(nx.DiGraph):
             if v_of_edge not in self.nodes:
                 self.add_node(orig)
         elif isinstance(v_of_edge, BuildDatasource):
+            orig = v_of_edge
             v_of_edge = datasource_to_node(v_of_edge)
+            if v_of_edge not in self.nodes:
+                self.add_node(orig)
         super().add_edge(u_of_edge, v_of_edge, **attr)

trilogy/core/models/author.py

@@ -460,6 +460,8 @@ class HavingClause(WhereClause):
 class Grain(Namespaced, BaseModel):
     components: set[str] = Field(default_factory=set)
     where_clause: Optional["WhereClause"] = None
+    _str: str | None = None
+    _abstract: bool = False
 
     def without_condition(self):
         return Grain(components=self.components)
@@ -484,12 +486,9 @@ class Grain(Namespaced, BaseModel):
         from trilogy.parsing.common import concepts_to_grain_concepts
 
         x = Grain.model_construct(
-            components={
-                c.address
-                for c in concepts_to_grain_concepts(
-                    concepts, environment=environment, local_concepts=local_concepts
-                )
-            },
+            components=concepts_to_grain_concepts(
+                concepts, environment=environment, local_concepts=local_concepts
+            ),
             where_clause=where_clause,
         )
 
@@ -550,17 +549,22 @@ class Grain(Namespaced, BaseModel):
             where_clause=self.where_clause,
         )
 
-    @property
-    def abstract(self):
+    def _gen_abstract(self) -> bool:
         return not self.components or all(
             [c.endswith(ALL_ROWS_CONCEPT) for c in self.components]
         )
 
+    @property
+    def abstract(self):
+        if not self._abstract:
+            self._abstract = self._gen_abstract()
+        return self._abstract
+
     def __eq__(self, other: object):
         if isinstance(other, list):
-            if not all([isinstance(c, Concept) for c in other]):
-                return False
-            return self.components == set([c.address for c in other])
+            if all([isinstance(c, Concept) for c in other]):
+                return self.components == set([c.address for c in other])
+            return False
         if not isinstance(other, Grain):
             return False
         if self.components == other.components:
@@ -581,15 +585,20 @@ class Grain(Namespaced, BaseModel):
         intersection = self.components.intersection(other.components)
         return Grain(components=intersection)
 
-    def __str__(self):
+    def _gen_str(self) -> str:
         if self.abstract:
             base = "Grain<Abstract>"
         else:
-            base = "Grain<" + ",".join([c for c in sorted(list(self.components))]) + ">"
+            base = "Grain<" + ",".join(sorted(self.components)) + ">"
         if self.where_clause:
             base += f"|{str(self.where_clause)}"
         return base
 
+    def __str__(self):
+        if not self._str:
+            self._str = self._gen_str()
+        return self._str
+
     def __radd__(self, other) -> "Grain":
         if other == 0:
             return self
@@ -1124,7 +1133,7 @@ class Concept(Addressable, DataTyped, ConceptArgs, Mergeable, Namespaced, BaseMo
             granularity=self.granularity,
             derivation=self.derivation,
             lineage=self.lineage,
-            grain=grain if grain else Grain(components=set()),
+            grain=grain if grain else Grain.model_construct(components=set()),
             namespace=self.namespace,
             keys=self.keys,
             modifiers=self.modifiers,
@@ -2334,11 +2343,16 @@ class AlignItem(Namespaced, BaseModel):
 
 class CustomFunctionFactory:
     def __init__(
-        self, function: Expr, namespace: str, function_arguments: list[ArgBinding]
+        self,
+        function: Expr,
+        namespace: str,
+        function_arguments: list[ArgBinding],
+        name: str,
     ):
         self.namespace = namespace
         self.function = function
         self.function_arguments = function_arguments
+        self.name = name
 
     def with_namespace(self, namespace: str):
         self.namespace = namespace
@@ -2363,7 +2377,27 @@ class CustomFunctionFactory:
             for binding in self.function_arguments[len(creation_arg_list) :]:
                 if binding.default is None:
                     raise ValueError(f"Missing argument {binding.name}")
+
                 creation_arg_list.append(binding.default)
+        for arg_idx, arg in enumerate(self.function_arguments):
+            if not arg.datatype or arg.datatype == DataType.UNKNOWN:
+                continue
+            if arg_idx > len(creation_arg_list):
+                continue
+            comparison = arg_to_datatype(creation_arg_list[arg_idx])
+            if comparison != arg.datatype:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    f"Invalid type passed into custom function @{self.name} in position {arg_idx+1} for argument {arg.name}, expected {arg.datatype}, got {comparison}"
+                )
+            if isinstance(arg.datatype, TraitDataType):
+                if not (
+                    isinstance(comparison, TraitDataType)
+                    and all(x in comparison.traits for x in arg.datatype.traits)
+                ):
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        f"Invalid argument type passed into custom function @{self.name} in position {arg_idx+1} for argument {arg.name}, expected traits {arg.datatype.traits}, got {comparison}"
+                    )
+
         if isinstance(nout, Mergeable):
             for idx, x in enumerate(creation_arg_list):
                 if self.namespace == DEFAULT_NAMESPACE: