pyobject 1.2.8__cp313-cp313t-win32.whl

pyobject/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+"""A multifunctional all-in-one utility tool for managing internal Python \
+objects, compatible with nearly all Python 3 versions.
+一个多功能合一的提供操作Python对象底层工具的Python包, 支持几乎所有Python 3版本。
+"""
+import sys
+from warnings import warn
+from pprint import pprint
+
+__version__="1.2.8"
+
+__all__=["objectname","bases","describe","desc"]
+_ignore_names=["__builtins__","__doc__"]
+
+def objectname(obj):
+    """objectname(obj) - Returns the name of an object in the format xxmodule.xxclass.
+For example: objectname(int) -> 'builtins.int'."""
+    # if hasattr(obj,"__qualname__"):return obj.__qualname__
+    if not obj.__class__==type:obj=obj.__class__
+    if not hasattr(obj,"__module__") or obj.__module__=="__main__":
+        return obj.__name__
+    return "{}.{}".format(obj.__module__,obj.__name__)
+
+def bases(obj,level=0,tab=4):
+    '''bases(obj) - Prints the base classes of the given object.
+tab: The number of spaces for indentation, default is 4.'''
+    if not obj.__class__==type:obj=obj.__class__
+    if obj.__bases__:
+        if level:print(' '*(level*tab),end='')
+        print(*obj.__bases__,sep=',')
+        for cls in obj.__bases__:
+            bases(cls,level,tab)
+
+_trans_table=str.maketrans("\n\t","  ") # 替换特殊字符为空格
+def shortrepr(obj,maxlength=150):
+    result=repr(obj).translate(_trans_table)
+    if len(result)>maxlength:
+        return result[:maxlength]+"..."
+    return result
+
+def describe(obj,level=0,maxlevel=1,tab=4,verbose=False,file=None):
+    '''"Describe" an object by printing its attributes.
+Parameters:
+maxlevel: The number of levels to print the object's attributes.
+tab: The number of spaces for indentation, default is 4.
+verbose: A boolean value indicating whether to print special methods (e.g., __init__).
+file: A file-like object for printing output.
+'''
+    if file is None:file=sys.stdout
+    if level==maxlevel:
+        result=repr(obj)
+        if result.startswith('[') or result.startswith('{'):pprint(result)
+        else:print(result,file=file)
+    elif level>maxlevel:raise ValueError(
+        "Argument level is larger than maxlevel")
+    else:
+        print(_shortrepr(obj)+': ',file=file)
+        if type(obj) is type:
+            print("Base classes of the object:",file=file)
+            bases(obj,level+1,tab)
+            print(file=file)
+        for attr in dir(obj):
+            if verbose or not attr.startswith("_"):
+                print(' '*tab*(level+1)+attr+': ',end='',file=file)
+                try:
+                    if not attr in _ignore_names:
+                        describe(getattr(obj,attr),level+1,maxlevel,
+                                tab,verbose,file)
+                    else:print(_shortrepr(getattr(obj,attr)),file=file)
+                except AttributeError:
+                    print("<AttributeError!>",file=file)
+
+desc=describe #别名
+
+# 导入其他子模块中的函数和类
+try:
+    from pyobject.browser import browse
+    __all__.append("browse")
+# SystemError: 修复Python 3.4下的bug
+except (ImportError,SystemError):warn("Failed to import module pyobject.browser.")
+try:
+    from pyobject.search import make_list,make_iter,search #,test_make_list,test_search
+    __all__.extend(["make_list","make_iter","search"])
+# 同上
+except (ImportError,SystemError):warn("Failed to import pyobject.search.")
+
+try:
+    from pyobject.code_ import Code
+    __all__.append("Code")
+except (ImportError,SystemError):warn("Failed to import pyobject.code_.")
+try:
+    from pyobject.pyobj_extension import *
+    __all__.extend(["convptr","py_incref","py_decref","getrealrefcount",
+                    "setrefcount","list_in","getrefcount_nogil","setrefcount_nogil",
+                    "get_type_flag","set_type_flag","set_type_base","set_type_bases",
+                    "set_type_mro","get_type_subclasses","set_type_subclasses",
+                    "set_type_subclasses_by_cls"])
+except ImportError:warn("Failed to import pyobject.pyobj_extension.")
+try:
+    from pyobject.objproxy import DynObj,ObjChain,ProxiedObj
+    __all__.extend(["DynObj","ObjChain","ProxiedObj"])
+except ImportError:warn("Failed to import pyobject.objproxy.")
+
+def demo():
+    try:
+        describe(type,verbose=True)
+    except BaseException as err:
+        print("STOPPED!",file=sys.stderr)
+        if not type(err) is KeyboardInterrupt:raise
+        return 1
+    else:return 0
+
+if __name__=="__main__":sys.exit(demo())

pyobject/browser.py

@@ -0,0 +1,492 @@
+"以图形方式浏览Python对象的模块。A module providing a visual interface to browse Python objects."
+import sys,os,types,typing,ctypes
+import tkinter as tk
+import tkinter.ttk as ttk
+import tkinter.messagebox as msgbox
+import tkinter.simpledialog as simpledialog
+from inspect import isfunction,ismethod,isgeneratorfunction,isgenerator,iscode,ismodule
+try:
+    from types import WrapperDescriptorType,MethodWrapperType,\
+                      MethodDescriptorType,ClassMethodDescriptorType
+except ImportError: # 低于3.7的版本
+    from typing import WrapperDescriptorType,MethodWrapperType,\
+                       MethodDescriptorType
+    ClassMethodDescriptorType = type(dict.__dict__['fromkeys'])
+
+try:from pyobject import objectname,shortrepr
+except ImportError:from __init__ import objectname,shortrepr
+
+
+_IMAGE_PATH=os.path.join(os.path.split(__file__)[0],"images")
+SKIP=(WrapperDescriptorType, MethodWrapperType,\
+     MethodDescriptorType, ClassMethodDescriptorType)
+TYPE_EXTRA_ATTRS = ("__basicsize__","__dictoffset__","__flags__",
+    "__itemsize__","__weakrefoffset__")
+TYPE_EXTRA_CLASS_ATTRS = ("__base__","__bases__","__mro__")
+
+def isfunc(obj):
+    # 判断一个对象是否为函数或方法
+    if isfunction(obj) or ismethod(obj):return True
+    # 使用typing而不用types.WrapperDescriptorType是为了与旧版本兼容
+    func_types=[types.LambdaType,types.BuiltinFunctionType,
+                types.BuiltinMethodType,WrapperDescriptorType,
+                MethodWrapperType,MethodDescriptorType,
+                ClassMethodDescriptorType]
+    for type_ in func_types:
+        if isinstance(obj,type_):
+            return True
+    return False
+def isdict(obj):
+    # 判断一个对象是否为字典
+    dict_types=[dict,types.MappingProxyType]
+    for type in dict_types:
+        if isinstance(obj,type):return True
+    return False
+
+def get_dpi_scale():
+    # 获取Windows的当前DPI，仅Windows可用
+    hdc = ctypes.windll.user32.GetDC(0)
+    dpi_x = ctypes.windll.gdi32.GetDeviceCaps(hdc, 88)  # 88: LOGPIXELSX
+    dpi_y = ctypes.windll.gdi32.GetDeviceCaps(hdc, 90)  # 90: LOGPIXELSY
+    ctypes.windll.user32.ReleaseDC(0, hdc)
+    return dpi_x/96, dpi_y/96
+
+class ScrolledTreeview(ttk.Treeview):
+    "A scrollable Treeview widget inherited from ttk.Treeview."
+    def __init__(self,master,**options):
+        self.frame=tk.Frame(master)
+        ttk.Treeview.__init__(self,self.frame,**options)
+
+        self.hscroll=ttk.Scrollbar(self.frame,orient=tk.HORIZONTAL,
+                                   command=self.xview)
+        self.vscroll=ttk.Scrollbar(self.frame,command=self.yview)
+        self["xscrollcommand"]=self.hscroll.set
+        self["yscrollcommand"]=self.vscroll.set
+        #self.hscroll.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM,fill=tk.X)
+        self.vscroll.pack(side=tk.RIGHT,fill=tk.Y)
+        ttk.Treeview.pack(self,side=tk.BOTTOM,expand=True,fill=tk.BOTH)
+    def pack(self,*args,**options):
+        self.frame.pack(*args,**options)
+    def grid(self,*args,**options):
+        self.frame.grid(*args,**options)
+    def place(self,*args,**options):
+        self.frame.place(*args,**options)
+
+class ObjectBrowser():
+    title="Python Object Browser"
+    MAX_VIEW_LEN=512 # 避免引发性能问题
+    MAX_EDITVALUE_LEN=3072
+    def __init__(self,master,obj,verbose=False,name="obj",
+                 multi_window=False,refresh_history=True,
+                 root_obj=None,rootobj_name=None):
+        self.master=master
+        self.verbose=verbose
+        self.name=name
+        self.multi_window=multi_window # 是否多窗口
+        self.refresh_history=refresh_history
+        self.root_obj = root_obj if root_obj is not None else obj # 根对象的名称，用于历史记录
+        self.rootobj_name = rootobj_name or name
+        self.history=[(obj,name)] # 单窗口浏览的历史记录，由多个(对象，路径)的元组组成
+        self.history_index=0
+
+        self.master.title(self.title)
+        try:
+            self.master.iconbitmap(os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"python.ico"))
+        except tk.TclError:pass
+        self.load_image()
+        self.create_widgets()
+        self.browse(obj,name=name,_first=True)
+    def create_widgets(self):
+        # 创建控件
+        toolbar=tk.Frame(self.master)
+        if not self.multi_window:
+            tk.Button(toolbar,image=self.back_image,command=self.back).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
+            tk.Button(toolbar,image=self.forward_image,command=self.forward).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
+        tk.Button(toolbar,image=self.refresh_image,command=self.navigate_history #refresh
+                    ).pack(side=tk.LEFT)
+        self.label=tk.Label(toolbar,anchor="w")
+        self.label.pack(side=tk.LEFT,fill=tk.X)
+        toolbar.pack(side=tk.TOP,fill=tk.X)
+        self.tvw=ScrolledTreeview(self.master,column='.',selectmode=tk.EXTENDED)
+        self.tvw.heading("#0",text="Attribute/Index/Key")
+        self.tvw.heading("#1",text="Value")
+        self.tvw.column("#0", stretch = 0, # 不跟随窗口大小的变化拉伸
+                        width = int(160*(get_dpi_scale()[0] if sys.platform == "win32" else 1)))
+        self.tvw.column("#1", stretch=1)
+        self.tvw.bind("<<TreeviewSelect>>",self.on_select)
+        self.tvw.bind("<Double-Button-1>",self.on_open)
+        self.tvw.bind("<Key-Return>",self.on_open)
+        self.tvw.bind("<Key-Delete>",self.del_item)
+        self.tvw.tag_configure("error",foreground="red") # 经测试, Python 3.7-3.9中无法显示颜色效果(bug?)
+        self.tvw.tag_configure("gray",foreground="gray")
+        self.master.bind("<F5>",self.navigate_history) #refresh)
+
+        self.functions_tag=self.tvw.insert('',index=0,text="Functions/Methods")
+        self.attributes_tag=self.tvw.insert('',index=1,text="Attributes")
+        self.classes_tag=self.tvw.insert('',index=2,text="Classes")
+        self.lst_tag=self.tvw.insert('',index=3,text="List data")
+        self.dict_tag=self.tvw.insert('',index=4,text="Dictionary data")
+        self.tvw.item(self.attributes_tag,open=True) # 展开项
+        self.tvw.item(self.classes_tag,open=True)
+        self.tvw.item(self.lst_tag,open=True)
+        self.tvw.item(self.dict_tag,open=True)
+        if sys.platform == "win32": # 高dpi支持
+            style = ttk.Style(self.master)
+            style.configure("Treeview", rowheight=int(20*get_dpi_scale()[1]))
+
+        editor = ttk.Labelframe(self.master, text='Edit value',
+                                width=100, height=100)
+        self.okbtn=ttk.Button(editor,text="OK",
+                              command=self.ok_click,state=tk.DISABLED)
+        self.okbtn.pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
+        self.editor = tk.Entry(editor,width=45)
+        self.editor.pack(side=tk.LEFT,expand=True,fill=tk.X)
+        self.editor.bind("<Key-Return>",self.ok_click)
+        editor.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM,fill=tk.X)
+        self.tvw.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM,expand=True,fill=tk.BOTH)
+
+        self.menu=tk.Menu(self.master,tearoff=False)
+        self.menu.add_command(label="Open in new window",command=self.open_in_new_window,
+                              state=tk.DISABLED)
+        self.menu.add_command(label="New attribute",command=self.new_item,state=tk.DISABLED)
+        self.menu.add_command(label="Delete",command=self.del_item,state=tk.DISABLED)
+        def on_rightclick(event):
+            if len(self.tvw.selection()) <= 1:
+                self.tvw.event_generate("<Button-1>",x=event.x,y=event.y) # 选择当前右击的项
+            self.menu.post(event.x_root,event.y_root)
+        self.tvw.bind("<B3-ButtonRelease>",on_rightclick)
+    def load_image(self):
+        # 加载images文件夹下的图片
+        self.back_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"back.gif"))
+        self.forward_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"forward.gif"))
+        self.refresh_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"refresh.gif"))
+        self.obj_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"python.gif"))
+        self.num_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"number.gif"))
+        self.str_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"string.gif"))
+        self.list_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"list.gif"))
+        self.empty_list_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"empty_list.gif"))
+        self.tuple_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"tuple.gif"))
+        self.empty_tuple_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"empty_tuple.gif"))
+        self.dict_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"dict.gif"))
+        self.empty_dict_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"empty_dict.gif"))
+        self.func_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"function.gif"))
+        self.code_image=tk.PhotoImage(master=self.master,
+                            file=os.path.join(_IMAGE_PATH,"codeobject.gif"))
+    def clear(self):
+        # 清除Treeview的数据
+        for root in self.tvw.get_children(""): # 获取根项
+            for item in self.tvw.get_children(root):
+                self.tvw.delete(item)
+    def _get_image(self,obj):
+        if isinstance(obj,int) or isinstance(obj,float):
+            return self.num_image
+        elif isinstance(obj,str):
+            return self.str_image
+        elif isinstance(obj,tuple):
+            return self.tuple_image if len(obj) else self.empty_tuple_image
+        elif isinstance(obj,list):
+            return self.list_image if len(obj) else self.empty_list_image
+        elif isdict(obj):
+            return self.dict_image if len(obj) else self.empty_dict_image
+        elif isfunc(obj):
+            return self.func_image
+        elif iscode(obj):
+            return self.code_image
+        else:return self.obj_image
+    def _get_type(self,obj):
+        if isfunc(obj):
+            return self.functions_tag
+        elif isinstance(obj,type):
+            return self.classes_tag
+        else:return self.attributes_tag
+    def refresh(self,event=None,_first=False): # _first: 是否为初次加载
+        # 更新自身显示的数据
+        obj=self.obj
+        self.master.title("{} - {}".format(self.title,objectname(obj)))
+        self.label["text"]=" Path: %s  Object: %s" % (self.name, shortrepr(obj))
+        self.clear()
+        if _first and ismodule(obj):
+            self.tvw.item(self.functions_tag,open=True)
+        # 添加属性
+        attrs=dir(obj)
+        if isinstance(obj,type):
+            for attr in TYPE_EXTRA_ATTRS:
+                if hasattr(obj,attr):
+                    attrs.append(attr) # 对类添加额外的，一般不会出现在dir()的返回值的属性
+        for i in range(len(attrs)):
+            attr=attrs[i]
+            if self.verbose or not attr.startswith("_"):
+                try:
+                    object_=getattr(obj,attr)
+                    value=shortrepr(object_,self.MAX_VIEW_LEN)
+                    image=self._get_image(object_)
+                    tags=("gray",) if isinstance(object_,SKIP) else () # 将部分类型设为灰色，如MethodWrapperType
+                    self.tvw.insert(self._get_type(object_), tk.END, #attr,
+                                    text=attr, image=image,
+                                    values=(value,),tags=tags) # values从第二列开始
+                except Exception as error: # 显示错误消息
+                    value='<{}: {}>'.format(type(error).__name__,str(error))
+                    self.tvw.insert(self.attributes_tag, tk.END,
+                                    text=attr, image=self.obj_image,
+                                    values=(value,),tags=("error",))
+        # 添加类特有的属性 (不会在dir()出现)
+        if isinstance(obj,type):
+            for attr in TYPE_EXTRA_CLASS_ATTRS:
+                if not hasattr(obj,attr):continue
+                try:
+                    object_=getattr(obj,attr)
+                    value=shortrepr(object_,self.MAX_VIEW_LEN)
+                    self.tvw.insert(self.classes_tag, tk.END,
+                                    text=attr, image=self._get_image(object_),
+                                    values=(value,))
+                except Exception as error: # 显示错误
+                    value='<{}: {}>'.format(type(error).__name__,str(error))
+                    self.tvw.insert(self.classes_tag, tk.END,
+                                    text=attr, image=self.obj_image,
+                                    values=(value,),tags=("error",))
+
+        # 添加列表数据
+        if isinstance(obj,(list,tuple)):
+            for i in range(len(obj)):
+                index=str(i)
+                try:
+                    object_=obj[i]
+                    value=shortrepr(object_,self.MAX_VIEW_LEN)
+                    image=self._get_image(object_)
+                    self.tvw.insert(self.lst_tag, tk.END,
+                                    text=index, image=image,
+                                    values=(value,))
+                except Exception as err:
+                    value='<{}!>'.format(type(err).__name__)
+                    self.tvw.insert(self.lst_tag, tk.END,
+                                    text=index, image=self.obj_image,
+                                    values=(value,),tags=("error",))
+
+        # 添加字典数据
+        if isdict(obj):
+            for key in obj.keys():
+                key_name=repr(key)
+                try:
+                    object_=obj[key]
+                    value=shortrepr(object_,self.MAX_VIEW_LEN)
+                    image=self._get_image(object_)
+                    self.tvw.insert(self.dict_tag, tk.END,
+                                    text=key_name, image=image,
+                                    values=(value,))
+                except Exception as err:
+                    value='<{}!>'.format(type(err).__name__)
+                    self.tvw.insert(self.dict_tag, tk.END,
+                                    text=key_name, image=self.obj_image,
+                                    values=(value,),tags=("error",))
+
+        self.okbtn['state'] = tk.DISABLED # 由于刷新后不会再选中刷新前的数据
+        self.on_select() # 重置菜单的状态 (是否可点击)
+
+    def browse(self,obj,name="obj",_first=False):
+        "浏览一个新对象(obj)。"
+        self.obj=obj # 更新self.obj及名称
+        self.name=name
+        self.refresh(_first=_first)
+    def on_select(self,event=None):
+        selection = self.tvw.selection()
+        if len(selection) != 1:
+            self.okbtn['state'] = tk.DISABLED
+            self.menu.entryconfig("New attribute",state=tk.DISABLED)
+            self.editor.delete(0,tk.END)
+            if len(selection) > 1:
+                self.menu.entryconfig("Open in new window",state=tk.NORMAL)
+            else:
+                self.menu.entryconfig("Open in new window",state=tk.DISABLED)
+            if len(selection) > 0:
+                self.menu.entryconfig("Delete",state=tk.NORMAL)
+            else:
+                self.menu.entryconfig("Delete",state=tk.DISABLED)
+        else:
+            parent=self.tvw.parent(selection[0])
+            if parent:
+                #value_str=self.tvw.item(selection[0])["values"][0] # 现已弃用，由于使用了shortrepr()
+                attr=self.tvw.item(selection)["text"]
+                if parent==self.dict_tag:
+                    value_str=repr(self.obj[eval(attr)])
+                elif parent==self.lst_tag:
+                    value_str=repr(self.obj[int(attr)])
+                else:
+                    value_str=repr(getattr(self.obj,attr))
+                if len(value_str) > self.MAX_EDITVALUE_LEN: # 限制最大长度
+                    value_str = value_str[:self.MAX_EDITVALUE_LEN]+" ..."
+                self.editor.delete(0,tk.END)
+                self.editor.insert(0,value_str)
+                if parent==self.lst_tag and isinstance(self.obj,tuple):
+                    self.okbtn['state'] = tk.DISABLED # 元组的属性不可编辑
+                    self.menu.entryconfig("New attribute",state=tk.DISABLED)
+                    self.menu.entryconfig("Delete",state=tk.DISABLED)
+                else:
+                    self.okbtn['state'] = tk.NORMAL
+                    self.menu.entryconfig("New attribute",state=tk.NORMAL)
+                    self.menu.entryconfig("Delete",state=tk.NORMAL)
+                self.menu.entryconfig("Open in new window",state=tk.NORMAL)
+            else:
+                self.okbtn['state'] = tk.DISABLED
+                self.editor.delete(0,tk.END)
+                if selection[0]==self.lst_tag and not isinstance(self.obj,list) \
+                    or selection[0]==self.dict_tag and not isinstance(self.obj,dict):
+                    self.menu.entryconfig("New attribute",state=tk.DISABLED)
+                else:self.menu.entryconfig("New attribute",state=tk.NORMAL)
+                self.menu.entryconfig("Open in new window",state=tk.DISABLED)
+                self.menu.entryconfig("Delete",state=tk.DISABLED)
+    def on_open(self,event=None,new_window=False):
+        #当双击Treeview或按回车时, 进一步浏览选中的属性。
+        #selection为所有选中项的元组,以('Hxxx',)的形式表示
+        for selection in self.tvw.selection():
+            parent=self.tvw.parent(selection)
+            if not parent:continue # 如果没有父项
+            attr=self.tvw.item(selection)["text"]
+            if parent==self.dict_tag:
+                obj=self.obj[eval(attr)]
+                path="%s[%s]" % (self.name,attr)
+            elif parent==self.lst_tag:
+                obj=self.obj[int(attr)]
+                path="%s[%s]" % (self.name,attr)
+            else:
+                obj=getattr(self.obj,attr)
+                path=self.name+"."+attr
+            if not (new_window or self.multi_window):
+                self.obj=obj
+                self.name=path
+                self.history=self.history[:self.history_index+1] # 清除后面的数据
+                self.history.append((obj,path))
+                self.history_index+=1
+                self.refresh()
+                break # 跳转到新对象后，停止处理其他选中的项
+            else:browse(obj,self.verbose,path,mainloop=False, # 在新窗口中浏览
+                        multi_window=self.multi_window,refresh_history=self.refresh_history,
+                        root_obj=self.root_obj,rootobj_name=self.rootobj_name)
+    def open_in_new_window(self):
+        self.on_open(new_window=True)
+    def ok_click(self,event=None):
+        if self.okbtn["state"]==tk.DISABLED:
+            return
+        selected=self.tvw.selection()[0]
+        parent=self.tvw.parent(selected)
+        item=self.tvw.item(selected)
+        attr=item["text"]
+        value=eval(self.editor.get())
+        if parent==self.dict_tag:
+            self.obj[eval(attr)]=value
+        elif parent==self.lst_tag:
+            self.obj[int(attr)]=value
+        else:
+            setattr(self.obj,attr,value)
+        self.tvw.item(selected,values=(repr(value),),
+                      image=self._get_image(value))
+    def new_item(self):
+        if not self.tvw.selection():return
+        selected=self.tvw.selection()[0]
+        if self.dict_tag in (selected,self.tvw.parent(selected)):
+            key=simpledialog.askstring("New item","Enter key (use quotes for strings):")
+            if not key:return
+            value=simpledialog.askstring("New item","Enter value:")
+            if not value:return
+            self.obj[eval(key)]=eval(value)
+        elif self.lst_tag in (selected,self.tvw.parent(selected)):
+            index=simpledialog.askstring("New item","Enter index for new item (0, 1, 2, ...):")
+            if not index:return
+            value=simpledialog.askstring("New item","Enter value:")
+            if not value:return
+            self.obj.insert(int(index),eval(value))
+        else:
+            attr=simpledialog.askstring("New item","Enter attribute name (no quotes needed):")
+            if not attr:return
+            value=simpledialog.askstring("New item","Enter value:")
+            if not value:return
+            setattr(self.obj,attr,eval(value))
+        self.navigate_history() # 刷新
+    def del_item(self,event=None):
+        # 删除选中的项
+        for selection in self.tvw.selection():
+            parent=self.tvw.parent(selection)
+            if not parent:continue # 如果没有父项
+            attr=self.tvw.item(selection)["text"]
+            if parent==self.dict_tag:
+                del self.obj[eval(attr)]
+            elif parent==self.lst_tag:
+                del self.obj[int(attr)]
+            else:
+                delattr(self.obj,attr)
+        self.refresh()
+    def navigate_history(self,event=None): # 转到当前的历史记录
+        obj,path = self.history[self.history_index]
+        if self.refresh_history:
+            try:
+                # 对象的属性可能有改变，重新获取对象的属性
+                scope={self.rootobj_name:self.root_obj} # 获取第一个浏览的根对象及其名称
+                object_=eval(path,scope)
+            except Exception: # 默认使用新获取的对象，只有出错时，才使用旧的对象
+                object_=obj
+        else:object_=obj
+        self.browse(object_,path)
+    def back(self): # 后退
+        if self.history_index!=0:
+            self.history_index-=1
+            self.navigate_history()
+    def forward(self): # 前进
+        if self.history_index!=len(self.history)-1:
+            self.history_index+=1
+            self.navigate_history()
+
+def browse(object,verbose=True,name="obj",
+           mainloop=True,multi_window=False,refresh_history=True,
+           root_obj=None,rootobj_name=None):
+    """Browse a Python object through a graphical interface.
+verbose: Similar to describe, it indicates whether to print special methods \
+of the object (e.g., __init__).
+name: Specifies the display name of the object.
+mainloop: Determines whether the function waits for the window to close before \
+exiting, meaning whether the browse function will be blocking.
+multi_window: Indicates whether to open a new window when double-clicking \
+(or pressing Enter) to browse a new object.
+refresh_history: Determines whether to re-fetch the object's \
+attributes when navigating backward or forward. If True, editing attributes \
+and then navigating will show changes in the object; otherwise, it will not.
+root_obj and rootobj_name: Specify the root object and its name (for internal use)."""
+    root=tk.Tk()
+    if sys.platform == "win32": # 高dpi支持
+        dpi_x,dpi_y = get_dpi_scale()
+    else:dpi_x = dpi_y = 1
+    width, height = 480,400
+    root.geometry("%dx%d" % (width*dpi_x,height*dpi_y))
+    ObjectBrowser(root,object,verbose,name,multi_window=multi_window,
+                  refresh_history=refresh_history,root_obj=root_obj,
+                  rootobj_name=rootobj_name)
+    if mainloop:root.mainloop()
+
+def test():
+    if sys.platform == 'win32': # Windows下的高DPI支持
+        ctypes.OleDLL('shcore').SetProcessDpiAwareness(1)
+    class Test:
+        def __init__(self):
+            self.a='foo';self._cnt=0
+            self.list=["foo","bar",1]
+            self.tuple=("foo","bar",2)
+            self.dict={"a":"bar","b":1}
+        @property
+        def cnt(self):
+            self._cnt+=1
+            return self._cnt
+
+    browse(Test(),verbose=True)
+
+if __name__=="__main__":test()