pygeodesy 24.4.2__py2.py3-none-any.whl → 24.4.12__py2.py3-none-any.whl

pygeodesy/fsums.py

@@ -14,14 +14,13 @@ L{Fsum.__rpow__} return a (very long) C{int} if invoked with optional argument
 C{mod} set to C{None}.  The C{residual} of an C{integer} L{Fsum} may be between
 C{-1.0} and C{+1.0}, including C{INT0} if considered to be I{exact}.
 
-Set env variable C{PYGEODESY_FSUM_PARTIALS} to an empty string (or anything
-other than C{"fsum"}) for backward compatible summation of L{Fsum} partials.
-
-Set env variable C{PYGEODESY_FSUM_RESIDUAL} to a C{float} string greater
-than C{"0.0"} as the threshold to throw a L{ResidualError} in division or
-exponention of an L{Fsum} instance with a I{relative} C{residual} exceeding
-the threshold, see methods L{Fsum.RESIDUAL}, L{Fsum.pow}, L{Fsum.__ipow__}
-and L{Fsum.__itruediv__}.
+Set env variable C{PYGEODESY_FSUM_PARTIALS} to string C{"fsum"}) for summation
+of L{Fsum} partials by Python function C{math.fsum}.
+
+Set env variable C{PYGEODESY_FSUM_RESIDUAL} to a C{float} string greater than
+C{"0.0"} as the threshold to throw a L{ResidualError} in division or exponention
+of an L{Fsum} instance with a I{relative} C{residual} exceeding the threshold,
+see methods L{Fsum.RESIDUAL}, L{Fsum.pow}, L{Fsum.__ipow__} and L{Fsum.__itruediv__}.
 '''
 # make sure int/int division yields float quotient, see .basics
 from __future__ import division as _; del _  # PYCHOK semicolon
@@ -46,7 +45,7 @@ from pygeodesy.props import _allPropertiesOf_n, deprecated_property_RO, \
 from math import ceil as _ceil, fabs, floor as _floor  # PYCHOK used! .ltp
 
 __all__ = _ALL_LAZY.fsums
-__version__ = '24.04.02'
+__version__ = '24.04.09'
 
 _add_op_       = _PLUS_  # in .auxilats.auxAngle
 _eq_op_        = _EQUAL_ * 2  # _DEQUAL_
@@ -72,84 +71,125 @@ _divmod_op_    = _floordiv_op_ + _mod_op_
 _isub_op_      = _sub_op_ + _fset_op_  # in .auxilats.auxAngle, .fsums
 
 
+def _2delta(*ab):
+    '''(INTERNAL) Helper for C{Fsum.fsum2f_}.
+    '''
+    try:
+        a, b = _2sum(*ab)
+    except _OverflowError:
+        a, b =  ab
+    return float(a if fabs(a) > fabs(b) else b)
+
+
+def _2error(unused):
+    '''(INTERNAL) Throw a C{not finite} exception.
+    '''
+    raise ValueError(_not_finite_)
+
+
 def _2float(index=None, **name_value):  # in .fmath, .fstats
     '''(INTERNAL) Raise C{TypeError} or C{ValueError} if not scalar or infinite.
     '''
     n, v = name_value.popitem()  # _xkwds_item2(name_value)
     try:
         v = float(v)
-        if _isfinite(v):
-            return v
-        raise ValueError(_not_finite_)
-    except Exception as e:
-        raise _xError(e, Fmt.INDEX(n, index), v)
+        return v if _isfinite(v) else _2error(v)
+    except Exception as X:
+        raise _xError(X, Fmt.INDEX(n, index), v)
+
 
+def _X_ps(X):  # for _2floats only
+    return X._ps
 
-def _2floats(xs, origin=0, neg=False):
+
+def _2floats(xs, origin=0, _X=_X_ps, _x=float):
     '''(INTERNAL) Yield each B{C{xs}} as a C{float}.
     '''
-    if neg:
-        def _X(X):
-            return X._ps_neg
-
-        def _x(x):
-            return -float(x)
-    else:
-        def _X(X):  # PYCHOK re-def
-            return X._ps
+    try:
+        i, x =  origin, None
+        _fin = _isfinite
+        _Fs  =  Fsum
+        for x in xs:
+            if isinstance(x, _Fs):
+                for p in _X(x):
+                    yield p
+            else:
+                f = _x(x)
+                yield f if _fin(f) else _2error(f)
+            i += 1
+    except Exception as X:
+        raise _xError(X, Fmt.INDEX(xs=i), x)
 
-        _x = float
 
-    return _2yield(xs, origin, _X, _x)
+def _2halfeven(s, r, p):
+    '''(INTERNAL) Round half-even.
+    '''
+    if (p > 0 and r > 0) or \
+       (p < 0 and r < 0):  # signs match
+        r *= 2
+        t  = s + r
+        if r == (t - s):
+            s = t
+    return s
 
 
 def _1primed(xs):  # in .fmath
-    '''(INTERNAL) 1-Prime the summation of C{xs}
-       arguments I{known} to be C{finite float}.
+    '''(INTERNAL) 1-Primed summation of iterable C{xs}
+       items, all I{known} to be C{finite float}.
     '''
     yield _1_0
     for x in xs:
-        if x:
-            yield x
+        yield x
     yield _N_1_0
 
 
 def _2ps(s, r):
     '''(INTERNAL) Return a C{s} and C{r} pair, I{ps-ordered}.
     '''
-    if fabs(s) < fabs(r):
-        s, r = r, s
-    return ((r, s) if s else (r,)) if r else (s,)
+    return (s, r) if fabs(s) < fabs(r) else (r, s)
 
 
 def _psum(ps):  # PYCHOK used!
-    '''(INTERNAL) Partials summation updating C{ps}, I{overridden below}.
+    '''(INTERNAL) Partials sum, updating C{ps}, I{overridden below}.
     '''
     # assert isinstance(ps, list)
-    i = len(ps) - 1  # len(ps) > 2
-    if i < 0:
-        return _0_0
-    s   =  ps[i]
+    i   =  len(ps) - 1
+    s   = _0_0 if i < 0 else ps[i]
     _2s = _2sum
     while i > 0:
         i -= 1
         s, r = _2s(s, ps[i])
         if r:  # sum(ps) became inexact
-            ps[i:] = (s, r) if s else (r,)
-            if i > 0:
-                p = ps[i-1]  # round half-even
-                if (p > 0 and r > 0) or \
-                   (p < 0 and r < 0):  # signs match
-                    r *= 2
-                    t  = s + r
-                    if r == (t - s):
-                        s = t
-            break
+            if s:
+                ps[i:] = r, s
+                if i > 0:
+                    s = _2halfeven(s, r, ps[i-1])
+                break  # return s
+            s = r  # PYCHOK no cover
         ps[i:] = s,
     return s
 
 
-def _2scalar(other, _raiser=None):
+def _Psum(ps, **name):
+    '''(INTERNAL) Return an C{Fsum} from I{ordered} partials C{ps}.
+    '''
+    f = Fsum(**name) if name else Fsum()
+    if ps:
+        f._ps[:] = ps
+        f._n = len(f._ps)
+    return f
+
+
+def _Psum_1(p=_1_0, **name):
+    '''(INTERNAL) Return an C{Fsum} from a single partial C{p}.
+    '''
+    f = Fsum(**name) if name else Fsum()
+    f._ps[:] = p,
+    f._n = 1  # len(f._ps)
+    return f
+
+
+def _2scalar(other, _raiser=None, **mod):
     '''(INTERNAL) Return B{C{other}} as C{int}, C{float} or C{as-is}.
     '''
     if isinstance(other, Fsum):
@@ -158,7 +198,8 @@ def _2scalar(other, _raiser=None):
             s, r = other._fprs2
             if r:  # PYCHOK no cover
                 if _raiser and _raiser(r, s):
-                    raise ValueError(_stresidual(_non_zero_, r))
+                    t = _stresidual(_non_zero_, r, **mod)
+                    raise ResidualError(t, txt=None)
                 s = other  # L{Fsum} as-is
     else:
         s = other  # C{type} as-is
@@ -168,24 +209,24 @@ def _2scalar(other, _raiser=None):
 
 
 def _strcomplex(s, *args):
-    '''(INTERNAL) C{Complex} 2- or 3-arg C{pow} error C{str}.
+    '''(INTERNAL) C{Complex} 2- or 3-arg C{pow} error as C{str}.
     '''
-    c =  iscomplex.__name__[2:]
+    c = _strcomplex.__name__[4:]
     n = _DASH_(len(args), _arg_)
-    t = _SPACE_(c, s, _from_, n, pow.__name__)
-    return unstr(t, *args)
+    t =  unstr(pow, *args)
+    return _SPACE_(c, s, _from_, n, t)
 
 
 def _stresidual(prefix, residual, **name_values):
-    '''(INTERNAL) Residual error C{str}.
+    '''(INTERNAL) Residual error as C{str}.
     '''
-    p = _SPACE_(prefix, Fsum.residual.name)
+    p = _stresidual.__name__[3:]
     t =  Fmt.PARENSPACED(p, Fmt(residual))
     for n, v in itemsorted(name_values):
         n =  n.replace(_UNDER_, _SPACE_)
         p =  Fmt.PARENSPACED(n, Fmt(v))
         t = _COMMASPACE_(t, p)
-    return t
+    return _SPACE_(prefix, t)
 
 
 def _2sum(a, b):  # by .testFmath
@@ -193,7 +234,7 @@ def _2sum(a, b):  # by .testFmath
     '''
     s = a + b
     if not _isfinite(s):
-        u = unstr(_2sum.__name__, a, b)
+        u = unstr(_2sum, a, b)
         t = Fmt.PARENSPACED(_not_finite_, s)
         raise _OverflowError(u, txt=t)
     if fabs(a) < fabs(b):
@@ -201,28 +242,6 @@ def _2sum(a, b):  # by .testFmath
     return s, (b - (s - a))
 
 
-def _2yield(xs, i, _X_ps, _x):
-    '''(INTERNAL) Yield each B{C{xs}} as a C{float}.
-    '''
-    x = None
-    try:
-        _fin = _isfinite
-        _Fs  =  Fsum
-        for x in xs:
-            if isinstance(x, _Fs):
-                for p in _X_ps(x):
-                    yield p
-            else:
-                f = _x(x)
-                if f:
-                    if not _fin(f):
-                        raise ValueError(_not_finite_)
-                    yield f
-            i += 1
-    except Exception as e:
-        raise _xError(e, Fmt.INDEX(xs=i), x)
-
-
 class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
     '''Precision floating point summation and I{running} summation.
 
@@ -246,8 +265,9 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
     _math_fsum = None
     _n         = 0
 #   _ps        = []  # partial sums
-#   _px        = 0   # max(Fsum._px, len(Fsum._ps))
+#   _ps_max    = 0   # max(Fsum._ps_max, len(Fsum._ps))
     _ratio     = None
+    _recursive = bool(_getenv('PYGEODESY_FSUM_RECURSIVE', NN))
     _RESIDUAL  = max(float(_getenv('PYGEODESY_FSUM_RESIDUAL', _0_0)), _0_0)
 
     def __init__(self, *xs, **name_RESIDUAL):
@@ -267,13 +287,9 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
             r = _xkwds_get(name_RESIDUAL, RESIDUAL=None)
             if r is not None:
                 self.RESIDUAL(r)  # ... ResidualError
-#       self._n  = 0
         self._ps = []  # [_0_0], see L{Fsum._fprs}
-        if len(xs) > 1:
-            self._facc(_2floats(xs, origin=1), up=False)  # PYCHOK yield
-        elif xs:  # len(xs) == 1
-            self._n     =  1
-            self._ps[:] = _2float(x=xs[0]),
+        if xs:
+            self._facc_any(xs, origin=1, up=False)
 
     def __abs__(self):
         '''Return this instance' absolute value as an L{Fsum}.
@@ -282,7 +298,7 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         return (-self) if s < 0 else self._copy_2(self.__abs__)
 
     def __add__(self, other):
-        '''Return the C{Fsum(B{self}, B{other})}.
+        '''Return C{B{self} + B{other}} as an L{Fsum}.
 
            @arg other: An L{Fsum} or C{scalar}.
 
@@ -338,7 +354,7 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         return self._cmp_0(other, _eq_op_) == 0
 
     def __float__(self):
-        '''Return this instance' current precision running sum as C{float}.
+        '''Return this instance' current, precision running sum as C{float}.
 
            @see: Methods L{Fsum.fsum} and L{Fsum.int_float}.
         '''
@@ -654,8 +670,8 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
            @arg ndigits: Optional number of digits (C{int}).
         '''
         # <https://docs.Python.org/3.12/reference/datamodel.html?#object.__round__>
-        return _Fsum_ps(round(float(self), *ndigits),  # can be C{int}
-                        name=self.__round__.__name__)
+        return _Psum_1(round(float(self), *ndigits),  # can be C{int}
+                       name=self.__round__.__name__)
 
     def __rpow__(self, other, *mod):
         '''Return C{B{other}**B{self}} as an L{Fsum}.
@@ -756,14 +772,14 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
     def _cmp_0(self, other, op):
         '''(INTERNAL) Return C{scalar(self - B{other})} for 0-comparison.
         '''
-        if isscalar(other):
+        if isinstance(other, Fsum):
+            s = _fsum(self._ps_1(*other._ps))
+        elif isscalar(other):
             if other:
                 s = _fsum(self._ps_1(other))
             else:
                 s, r = self._fprs2
                 s = _signOf(s, -r)
-        elif isinstance(other, Fsum):
-            s = _fsum(self._ps_1(*other._ps))
         else:
             raise self._TypeError(op, other)  # txt=_invalid_
         return s
@@ -774,8 +790,8 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
            @return: The copy (L{Fsum}).
          '''
         f = _Named.copy(self, deep=deep, name=name)
-        f._n  = self._n if deep else 1
         f._ps = list(self._ps)  # separate list
+        f._n  = self._n if deep else 1
         return f
 
     def _copy_2(self, which, name=NN):
@@ -816,77 +832,85 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         f = self._copy_2(self.divmod)
         return f._fdivmod2(other, _divmod_op_)
 
-    def _Error(self, op, other, Error, **txt):
+    def _Error(self, op, other, Error, **txt_cause):
         '''(INTERNAL) Format an B{C{Error}} for C{{self} B{op} B{other}}.
         '''
-        return Error(_SPACE_(self.toRepr(), op, repr(other)), **txt)
+        return Error(_SPACE_(self.toStr(), op, other), **txt_cause)
+
+    def _ErrorX(self, X, op, other, *mod):
+        '''(INTERNAL) Format the caught exception C{X}.
+        '''
+        E, t = _xError2(X)
+        if mod:
+            t = _COMMASPACE_(Fmt.PARENSPACED(mod=mod[0]), t)
+        return self._Error(op, other, E, txt=t, cause=X)
 
-    def _ErrorX(self, X, xs, **kwds):  # in .fmath
-        '''(INTERNAL) Format a caught exception.
+    def _ErrorXs(self, X, xs, **kwds):  # in .fmath
+        '''(INTERNAL) Format the caught exception C{X}.
         '''
         E, t = _xError2(X)
         n = unstr(self.named3, *xs[:3], _ELLIPSIS=len(xs) > 3, **kwds)
         return E(n, txt=t, cause=X)
 
-    def _facc(self, xs, up=True):  # from .elliptic._Defer.Fsum
-        '''(INTERNAL) Accumulate more known C{scalar}s.
-        '''
-        n, ps, _2s = 0, self._ps, _2sum
-        for x in xs:  # _iter()
-            # assert isscalar(x) and isfinite(x)
-            i = 0
-            for p in ps:
-                x, p = _2s(x, p)
-                if p:
-                    ps[i] = p
-                    i += 1
-            ps[i:] = x,
-            n += 1
-        # assert self._ps is ps
-        if n:
-            self._n += n
-            # Fsum._px = max(Fsum._px, len(ps))
-            if up:
-                self._update()
+    def _facc(self, xs, **up):
+        '''(INTERNAL) Accumulate all C{xs}, known to be scalar.
+        '''
+        self._ps_acc(self._ps, xs, **up)
         return self
 
     def _facc_(self, *xs, **up):
-        '''(INTERNAL) Accumulate all positional C{scalar}s.
+        '''(INTERNAL) Accumulate all positional C{xs}, known to be scalar.
+        '''
+        if xs:
+            self._ps_acc(self._ps, xs, **up)
+        return self
+
+    def _facc_any(self, xs, up=True, **origin_X_x):
+        '''(INTERNAL) Accumulate more C{scalars} or L{Fsum}s.
         '''
-        return self._facc(xs, **up) if xs else self
+        self._ps[:] = self._ps_acc(list(self._ps),
+                                  _2floats(xs, **origin_X_x), up=up)  # PYCHOK yield
+        return self
+
+    def _facc_any_neg(self, xs, up=True, **origin):
+        '''(INTERNAL) Accumulate more C{scalars} or L{Fsum}s, negated.
+        '''
+        def _neg(x):
+            return -x
+
+        self._ps[:] = self._ps_acc(list(self._ps), map(_neg,
+                                  _2floats(xs, **origin)), up=up)  # PYCHOK yield
+        return self
 
     def _facc_power(self, power, xs, which):  # in .fmath
         '''(INTERNAL) Add each C{xs} as C{float(x**power)}.
         '''
-        if isinstance(power, Fsum):
-            if power.is_exact:
-                return self._facc_power(power._fprs, xs, which)
+        p = power
+        if isinstance(p, Fsum):
+            if p.is_exact:
+                return self._facc_power(p._fprs, xs, which)
             _Pow = Fsum._pow_any
-        elif isint(power, both=True) and power >= 0:
-            _Pow = Fsum._pow_int
-            power = int(power)
+        elif isint(p, both=True) and p >= 0:
+            _Pow, p = Fsum._pow_int, int(p)
         else:
-            _Pow = Fsum._pow_scalar
-            power = _2float(power=power)
+            _Pow, p = Fsum._pow_scalar, _2float(power=p)
 
-        if power:
+        if p:
             from math import pow as _pow
-            op = which.__name__
+            op  = which.__name__
+            _Fs = Fsum
 
             def _X(X):
-                f = _Pow(X, power, power, op)
-                try:  # isinstance(f, Fsum)
-                    return f._ps
-                except AttributeError:  # scalar
-                    return f,
+                f = _Pow(X, p, power, op)
+                return f._ps if isinstance(f, _Fs) else (f,)
 
             def _x(x):
-                return _pow(float(x), power)
+                return _pow(float(x), p)
 
-            self._facc(_2yield(xs, 1, _X, _x))  # PYCHOK yield
+            f = self._facc_any(xs, origin=1, _X=_X, _x=_x)
         else:
-            self._facc_(float(len(xs)))  # x**0 == 1
-        return self
+            f = self._facc_(float(len(xs)))  # x**0 == 1
+        return f
 
 #   def _facc_up(self, up=True):
 #       '''(INTERNAL) Update the C{partials}, by removing
@@ -918,11 +942,11 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
            @raise ValueError: Invalid or non-finite B{C{xs}} value.
         '''
         if isinstance(xs, Fsum):
-            self._facc(xs._ps)
+            self._facc(xs._ps)  # tuple
         elif isscalar(xs):  # for backward compatibility
             self._facc_(_2float(x=xs))  # PYCHOK no cover
         elif xs:
-            self._facc(_2floats(xs))  # PYCHOK yield
+            self._facc_any(xs)
         return self
 
     def fadd_(self, *xs):
@@ -941,16 +965,13 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
 
            @raise ValueError: Invalid or non-finite B{C{xs}} value.
         '''
-        return self._facc(_2floats(xs, origin=1))  # PYCHOK yield
+        return self._facc_any(xs, origin=1)
 
     def _fadd(self, other, op, **up):  # in .fmath.Fhorner
         '''(INTERNAL) Apply C{B{self} += B{other}}.
         '''
         if isinstance(other, Fsum):
-            if other is self:
-                self._facc_(*other._ps, **up)  # == ._facc(tuple(other._ps))
-            elif other._ps:
-                self._facc(other._ps, **up)
+            self._facc(other._ps, **up)  # tuple
         elif not isscalar(other):
             raise self._TypeError(op, other)  # txt=_invalid_
         elif other:
@@ -985,14 +1006,14 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         '''
         if _isfinite(other):
             return other
-        raise ValueError(_not_finite_) if not op else \
+        raise ValueError(_not_finite_) if op is None else \
               self._ValueError(op, other, txt=_not_finite_)
 
     def fint(self, raiser=True, **name):
         '''Return this instance' current running sum as C{integer}.
 
            @kwarg raiser: If C{True} throw a L{ResidualError} if the
-                          I{integer} residual is non-zero.
+                          I{integer} residual is non-zero (C{bool}).
            @kwarg name: Optional name (C{str}), overriding C{"fint"}.
 
            @return: The C{integer} (L{Fsum}).
@@ -1027,7 +1048,7 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         s, r = self._fprs2
         i =  int(s)
         r = _fsum(self._ps_1(i)) if r else float(s - i)
-        return i, (r or INT0)
+        return i, (r or INT0)  # Fsum2Tuple?
 
     @deprecated_property_RO
     def float_int(self):  # PYCHOK no cover
@@ -1071,7 +1092,7 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
             else:  # len(other._ps) == len(self._ps) == 1
                 f = self._finite(self._ps[0] * other._ps[0])
         elif isscalar(other):
-            f = self._mul_scalar(other, op)
+            f = self._mul_scalar(other, op) if other != _1_0 else self
         else:
             raise self._TypeError(op, other)  # txt=_invalid_
         return self._fset(f)  # n=len(self) + 1
@@ -1094,13 +1115,13 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         '''
         if mod:
             if mod[0] is not None:  # == 3-arg C{pow}
-                f = self._pow_3(other, mod[0], op)
+                f = self._pow_2_3(self, other, other, op, *mod)
             elif self.is_integer():
                 # return an exact C{int} for C{int}**C{int}
+                i, _ = self._fint2  # assert _ == 0
                 x = _2scalar(other)  # C{int}, C{float} or other
-                i =  self._fint2[0]  # assert _fint2[1] == 0
-                f =  self._pow_2(i, x, other, op) if isscalar(x) else \
-                    _Fsum_ps(i)._pow_any(x, other, op)
+                f =  self._pow_2_3(i, x, other, op) if isscalar(x) else \
+                    _Psum_1(i)._pow_any(x, other, op)
             else:  # mod[0] is None, power(self, other)
                 f =  self._pow_any(other, other, op)
         else:  # pow(self, other) == pow(self, other, None)
@@ -1123,11 +1144,14 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
            running sum and residual (L{Fsum2Tuple}).
         '''
         ps = self._ps
-        n  = len(ps)
-        if n > 2:  # len(ps) > 2
+        n  = len(ps) - 2
+        if n > 0:  # len(ps) > 2
             s = _psum(ps)
-            r = _fsum(self._ps_1(s)) or INT0
-        elif n > 1:  # len(ps) == 2
+            n =  len(ps) - 2
+            if n > 0:
+                r = _fsum(self._ps_1(s)) or INT0
+                return Fsum2Tuple(s, r)
+        if n == 0:  # len(ps) == 2
             ps[:] = _2ps(*_2sum(*ps))
             r, s  = (INT0, ps[0]) if len(ps) != 2 else ps
         elif ps:  # len(ps) == 1
@@ -1142,17 +1166,31 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
 #       '''(INTERNAL) Compress, squeeze the C{partials}.
 #       '''
 #       if len(self._ps) > 2:
-#           _ = self._fprs
+#           _ = self._fprs2
 #       return self
 
+    def fset_(self, *xs):
+        '''Replace this instance' value with C{xs}.
+
+           @arg xs: Optional, new values (C{scalar} or L{Fsum}
+                    instances), all positional.
+
+           @return: This instance (C{Fsum}).
+
+           @see: Method L{Fsum.fadd} for further details.
+        '''
+        self._ps[:] = 0,
+        self._n = 0
+        return self.fadd(xs) if xs else self._update()
+
     def _fset(self, other, asis=True, n=0):
         '''(INTERNAL) Overwrite this instance with an other or a C{scalar}.
         '''
         if other is self:
             pass  # from ._fmul, ._ftruediv and ._pow_scalar
         elif isinstance(other, Fsum):
-            self._n     = n or other._n
             self._ps[:] = other._ps
+            self._n     = n or other._n
 #           self._copy_RESIDUAL(other)
             # use or zap the C{Property_RO} values
             Fsum._fint2._update_from(self, other)
@@ -1162,8 +1200,8 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
             s = other if asis else float(other)
             i = int(s)  # see ._fint2
             t = i, ((s - i) or INT0)
-            self._n     = n or 1
             self._ps[:] = s,
+            self._n     = n or 1
             # Property_ROs _fint2, _fprs and _fprs2 can't be a Property:
             # Property's _fset zaps the value just set by the @setter
             self.__dict__.update(_fint2=t, _fprs=s, _fprs2=Fsum2Tuple(s, INT0))
@@ -1172,14 +1210,15 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         return self
 
     def _fset_ps(self, other, n=0):  # in .fmath
-        '''(INTERNAL) Set a known C{Fsum} or C{scalar}.
+        '''(INTERNAL) Set partials from a known C{Fsum} or C{scalar}.
         '''
         if isinstance(other, Fsum):
-            self._n     = n or other._n
             self._ps[:] = other._ps
+            self._n     = n or other._n
         else:  # assert isscalar(other)
-            self._n     = n or 1
             self._ps[:] = other,
+            self._n     = n or 1
+        return self
 
     def fsub(self, xs=()):
         '''Subtract an iterable of C{scalar} or L{Fsum} instances from
@@ -1192,7 +1231,7 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
 
            @see: Method L{Fsum.fadd}.
         '''
-        return self._facc(_2floats(xs, neg=True)) if xs else self  # PYCHOK yield
+        return self._facc_any_neg(xs) if xs else self
 
     def fsub_(self, *xs):
         '''Subtract all positional C{scalar} or L{Fsum} instances from
@@ -1205,7 +1244,7 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
 
            @see: Method L{Fsum.fadd}.
         '''
-        return self._facc(_2floats(xs, origin=1, neg=True)) if xs else self  # PYCHOK yield
+        return self._facc_any_neg(xs, origin=1) if xs else self
 
     def _fsub(self, other, op):
         '''(INTERNAL) Apply C{B{self} -= B{other}}.
@@ -1233,23 +1272,30 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
 
            @note: Accumulation can continue after summation.
         '''
-        f = self._facc(_2floats(xs)) if xs else self  # PYCHOK yield
+        f = self._facc_any(xs) if xs else self
         return f._fprs
 
     def fsum_(self, *xs):
         '''Add all positional C{scalar} or L{Fsum} instances and summate.
 
-           @arg xs: Values to add (C{scalar} or L{Fsum} instances),
-                    all positional.
+           @arg xs: Values to add (C{scalar} or L{Fsum} instances), all
+                    positional.
 
            @return: Precision running sum (C{float} or C{int}).
 
-           @see: Methods L{Fsum.fsum} and L{Fsum.fsumf_}.
+           @see: Methods L{Fsum.fsum}, L{Fsum.Fsum_} and L{Fsum.fsumf_}.
         '''
-        f = self._facc(_2floats(xs, origin=1)) if xs else self  # PYCHOK yield
+        f = self._facc_any(xs, origin=1) if xs else self
         return f._fprs
 
-    def fsum2(self, xs=(), **name):
+    def Fsum_(self, *xs):
+        '''Like method L{Fsum.fsum_} but returning an L{Fsum}.
+
+           @return: Current, precision running sum (L{Fsum}).
+        '''
+        return self._facc_any(xs, origin=1)._copy_2(self.Fsum_)
+
+    def fsum2(self, xs=(), name=NN):
         '''Add more C{scalar} or L{Fsum} instances and return the
            current precision running sum and the C{residual}.
 
@@ -1265,57 +1311,70 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
 
            @see: Methods L{Fsum.fint2}, L{Fsum.fsum} and L{Fsum.fsum2_}
         '''
-        f = self._facc(_2floats(xs)) if xs else self  # PYCHOK yield
+        f = self._facc_any(xs) if xs else self
         t = f._fprs2
         if name:
-            n = _xkwds_get(name, name=NN)
-            if n:
-                t = t.dup(name=n)
+            t = t.dup(name=name)
         return t
 
     def fsum2_(self, *xs):
         '''Add any positional C{scalar} or L{Fsum} instances and return
            the precision running sum and the C{differential}.
 
-           @arg xs: Values to add (C{scalar} or L{Fsum} instances),
-                    all positional.
+           @arg xs: Values to add (C{scalar} or L{Fsum} instances), all
+                    positional.
 
-           @return: 2-Tuple C{(fsum, delta)} with the current precision
-                    running C{fsum} and C{delta}, the difference with
-                    the previous running C{fsum} (C{float}s).
+           @return: 2Tuple C{(fsum, delta)} with the current, precision
+                    running C{fsum} like method L{Fsum.fsum} and C{delta},
+                    the difference with previous running C{fsum}, C{float}.
 
            @see: Methods L{Fsum.fsum_} and L{Fsum.fsum}.
         '''
-        p, r = self._fprs2
-        if xs:
-            s, t = self._facc(_2floats(xs, origin=1))._fprs2  # PYCHOK yield
-            return s, _fsum((s, -p, r, -t))  # ((s - p) + (r - t))
-        else:  # PYCHOK no cover
-            return p, _0_0
+        return self._fsum2f_any(xs, self._facc_any, origin=1)
 
     def fsumf_(self, *xs):
-        '''Like method L{Fsum.fsum_} but only for known C{float B{xs}}.
+        '''Like method L{Fsum.fsum_} but only for I{known} C{float B{xs}}.
         '''
-        f = self._facc(xs) if xs else self  # PYCHOK yield
+        f = self._facc(xs) if xs else self
         return f._fprs
 
-#   ftruediv = __itruediv__   # for naming consistency
+    def Fsumf_(self, *xs):
+        '''Like method L{Fsum.Fsum_} but only for I{known} C{float B{xs}}.
+        '''
+        return self._facc(xs)._copy_2(self.Fsumf_)
+
+    def fsum2f_(self, *xs):
+        '''Like method L{Fsum.fsum2_} but only for I{known} C{float B{xs}}.
+        '''
+        return self._fsum2f_any(xs, self._facc)
+
+    def _fsum2f_any(self, xs, _facc, **origin):
+        '''(INTERNAL) Helper for L{Fsum.fsum2_} and L{Fsum.fsum2f_}.
+        '''
+        p, q = self._fprs2
+        if xs:
+            s, r = _facc(xs, **origin)._fprs2
+            return s, _2delta(s - p, r - q)  # _fsum(_1primed((s, -p, r, -q))
+        else:
+            return p, _0_0
+
+#   ftruediv = __itruediv__   # for naming consistency?
 
     def _ftruediv(self, other, op):
         '''(INTERNAL) Apply C{B{self} /= B{other}}.
         '''
         n = _1_0
         if isinstance(other, Fsum):
-            if other is self or other._fprs2 == self._fprs2:
+            if other is self or other == self:
                 return self._fset(_1_0)  # n=len(self)
             d, r = other._fprs2
             if r:
-                if not d:  # PYCHOK no cover
-                    d = r
-                elif self._raiser(r, d):
-                    raise self._ResidualError(op, other, r)
-                else:
+                if d:
+                    if self._raiser(r, d):
+                        raise self._ResidualError(op, other, r)
                     d, n = other.as_integer_ratio()
+                else:  # PYCHOK no cover
+                    d = r
         elif isscalar(other):
             d = other
         else:  # PYCHOK no cover
@@ -1323,9 +1382,8 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         try:
             s = 0 if isinf(d) else (
                 d if isnan(d) else self._finite(n / d))
-        except Exception as x:
-            E, t = _xError2(x)
-            raise self._Error(op, other, E, txt=t)
+        except Exception as X:
+            raise self._ErrorX(X, op, other)
         f = self._mul_scalar(s, _mul_op_)  # handles 0, NAN, etc.
         return self._fset(f, asis=False)
 
@@ -1361,13 +1419,12 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         return s
 
     def is_exact(self):
-        '''Is this instance' current running C{fsum} considered to
-           be exact? (C{bool}).
+        '''Is this instance' running C{fsum} considered to be exact? (C{bool}).
         '''
         return self.residual is INT0
 
     def is_integer(self):
-        '''Is this instance' current running sum C{integer}? (C{bool}).
+        '''Is this instance' running sum C{integer}? (C{bool}).
 
            @see: Methods L{Fsum.fint} and L{Fsum.fint2}.
         '''
@@ -1393,7 +1450,7 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         '''
         # assert isinstance(other, Fsum)
         if self._ps and other._ps:
-            f = _Fsum_xs(self._ps_mul(op, *other._ps))
+            f =  self._ps_mul(op, *other._ps)  # NO ._2scalar
         else:
             f = _0_0
         return f
@@ -1405,20 +1462,20 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         if self._ps and self._finite(factor, op):
             f =  self      if factor == _1_0 else (
                  self._neg if factor == _N_1_0 else
-                _Fsum_xs(self._ps_mul(op, factor)))  # PYCHOK indent
+                 self._ps_mul(op, factor)._2scalar)
         else:
             f = _0_0
         return f
 
     @property_RO
     def _neg(self):
-        '''(INTERNAL) Return C{-self}.
+        '''(INTERNAL) Return C{Fsum(-self)} or scalar C{NEG0}.
         '''
-        return _Fsum_ps(*self._ps_neg) if self._ps else NEG0
+        return _Psum(self._ps_neg) if self._ps else NEG0
 
     @property_RO
     def partials(self):
-        '''Get this instance' current partial sums (C{tuple} of C{float}s and/or C{int}s).
+        '''Get this instance' current, partial sums (C{tuple} of C{float}s).
         '''
         return tuple(self._ps)
 
@@ -1434,7 +1491,7 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
 
            @note: If B{C{mod}} is given as C{None}, the result will be an
                   C{integer} L{Fsum} provided this instance C{is_integer}
-                  or set to C{integer} with L{Fsum.fint}.
+                  or set to C{integer} by an L{Fsum.fint} call.
 
            @see: Methods L{Fsum.__ipow__}, L{Fsum.fint} and L{Fsum.is_integer}.
         '''
@@ -1444,54 +1501,39 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
     def _pow_0_1(self, x, other):
         '''(INTERNAL) Return B{C{self}**1} or C{B{self}**0 == 1.0}.
         '''
-        return self if x else (1 if self.is_integer() and isint(other) else _1_0)
-
-    def _pow_2(self, b, x, other, op):
-        '''(INTERNAL) 2-arg C{pow(B{b}, scalar B{x})} embellishing errors.
-        '''
-        # assert isscalar(b) and isscalar(x)
-        try:  # type(s) == type(x) if x in (_1_0, 1)
-            s = pow(b, x)  # -1**2.3 == -(1**2.3)
-            if not iscomplex(s):
-                return self._finite(s)  # 0**INF == 0.0, 1**INF==1.0
-            # neg**frac == complex in Python 3+, but ValueError in 2-
-            E, t = _ValueError, _strcomplex(s, b, x)  # PYCHOK no cover
-        except Exception as x:
-            E, t = _xError2(x)
-        raise self._Error(op, other, E, txt=t)
-
-    def _pow_3(self, other, mod, op):
-        '''(INTERNAL) 3-arg C{pow(B{self}, B{other}, int B{mod} or C{None})}.
-        '''
-        b, r = self._fprs2 if mod is None else self._fint2
-        if r and self._raiser(r, b):
-            t = _non_zero_ if mod is None else _integer_
-            E, t = ResidualError, _stresidual(t, r, mod=mod)
-        else:
-            try:  # b, other, mod all C{int}, unless C{mod} is C{None}
-                x = _2scalar(other, _raiser=self._raiser)
-                s =  pow(b, x, mod)
-                if not iscomplex(s):
-                    return self._finite(s)
+        return self if x else (1 if isint(other) and self.is_integer() else _1_0)
+
+    def _pow_2_3(self, b, x, other, op, *mod):
+        '''(INTERNAL) 2-arg C{pow(B{b}, scalar B{x})} and 3-arg C{pow(B{b},
+           B{x}, int B{mod} or C{None})}, embellishing errors.
+        '''
+        try:
+            if mod:  # b, x, mod all C{int}, unless C{mod} is C{None}
+                m = mod[0]
+                b, r = b._fprs2 if m is None else b._fint2
+                if r and self._raiser(r, b):
+                    t = _non_zero_ if m is None else _integer_
+                    raise ResidualError(_stresidual(t, r, mod=m), txt=None)
+                x = _2scalar(x, _raiser=self._raiser, mod=m)
+            # 0**INF == 0.0, 1**INF == 1.0, -1**2.3 == -(1**2.3)
+            s = pow(b, x, *mod)
+            if iscomplex(s):
                 # neg**frac == complex in Python 3+, but ValueError in 2-
-                E, t = _ValueError, _strcomplex(s, b, x, mod)  # PYCHOK no cover
-            except Exception as x:
-                E, t = _xError2(x)
-                t = _COMMASPACE_(Fmt.PARENSPACED(mod=mod), t)
-        raise self._Error(op, other, E, txt=t)
+                raise ValueError(_strcomplex(s, b, x, *mod))
+            return self._finite(s)
+        except Exception as X:
+            raise self._ErrorX(X, op, other, *mod)
 
     def _pow_any(self, other, unused, op):
         '''Return C{B{self} ** B{other}}.
         '''
         if isinstance(other, Fsum):
             x, r = other._fprs2
+            if r and self._raiser(r, x):
+                raise self._ResidualError(op, other, r)
             f = self._pow_scalar(x, other, op)
             if r:
-                if self._raiser(r, x):
-                    raise self._ResidualError(op, other, r)
-                s  =  self._pow_scalar(r, other, op)
-#               s  = _2scalar(s)  # _raiser = None
-                f *=  s
+                f *= self._pow_scalar(r, other, op)
         elif isscalar(other):
             x = self._finite(other, op)
             f = self._pow_scalar(x, other, op)
@@ -1505,32 +1547,28 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         # assert isint(x) and x >= 0
         ps = self._ps
         if len(ps) > 1:
-            f = self
+            _mul_Fsum = Fsum._mul_Fsum
             if x > 4:
-                m = 1  # single-bit mask
-                if (x & m):
-                    x -= m  # x ^= m
-                else:
-                    f = _Fsum_ps(_1_0)
                 p = self
-                while x:
-                    p  = p._mul_Fsum(p, op)  # p **= 2
-                    m += m  # m <<= 1
-                    if (x & m):
-                        x -= m  # x ^= m
-                        f  = f._mul_Fsum(p, op)  # f *= p
+                f = self if (x & 1) else _Psum_1()
+                m = x >> 1  # // 2
+                while m:
+                    p = _mul_Fsum(p, p, op)  # p **= 2
+                    if (m & 1):
+                        f = _mul_Fsum(f, p, op)  # f *= p
+                    m >>= 1  # //= 2
             elif x > 1:  # self**2, 3 or 4
-                f = f._mul_Fsum(f, op)
+                f = _mul_Fsum(self, self, op)
                 if x > 2:  # self**3 or 4
-                    p = self if x < 4 else f
-                    f = f._mul_Fsum(p, op)
+                    p =  self if x < 4 else f
+                    f = _mul_Fsum(f, p, op)._2scalar
             else:  # self**1 or self**0 == 1 or _1_0
-                f = f._pow_0_1(x, other)
+                f = self._pow_0_1(x, other)
         elif ps:  # self._ps[0]**x
-            f = self._pow_2(ps[0], x, other, op)
+            f = self._pow_2_3(ps[0], x, other, op)
         else:  # PYCHOK no cover
             # 0**pos_int == 0, but 0**0 == 1
-            f = 0 if x else 1  # like ._fprs
+            f = 0 if x else 1
         return f
 
     def _pow_scalar(self, x, other, op):
@@ -1548,13 +1586,13 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
                     # assert x < 0  # < -1
                     s, r = f._fprs2 if isinstance(f, Fsum) else (f, 0)
                     if r:
-                        return _Fsum_ps(_1_0)._ftruediv(f, op)
+                        return _Psum_1()._ftruediv(f, op)
                     # use **= -1 for the CPython float_pow
                     # error if s is zero, and not s = 1 / s
                     x = -1
-            elif x < 0:  # self**-1 == 1 / self
+            elif x < 0:  # == -1: self**(-1) == 1 / self
                 if r:
-                    return _Fsum_ps(_1_0)._ftruediv(self, op)
+                    return _Psum_1()._ftruediv(self, op)
             else:  # self**1 or self**0
                 return self._pow_0_1(x, other)  # self, 1 or 1.0
         elif not isscalar(x):  # assert ...
@@ -1564,32 +1602,55 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
             t = _stresidual(_non_zero_, r, fractional_power=x)
             raise self._Error(op, other, ResidualError, txt=t)
         # assert isscalar(s) and isscalar(x)
-        return self._pow_2(s, x, other, op)
+        return self._pow_2_3(s, x, other, op)
 
     def _ps_1(self, *less):
         '''(INTERNAL) Yield partials, 1-primed and subtract any C{less}.
         '''
         yield _1_0
         for p in self._ps:
-            if p:
-                yield p
+            yield  p
         for p in less:
-            if p:
-                yield -p
+            yield -p
         yield _N_1_0
 
-    def _ps_mul(self, op, *factors):  # see .fmath.Fhorner
-        '''(INTERNAL) Yield all C{partials} times each B{C{factor}},
-           in total, up to C{len(partials) * len(factors)} items.
+    def _ps_acc(self, ps, xs, up=True):
+        '''(INTERNAL) Accumulate all scalar C{xs} into C{ps}.
+        '''
+        n   =  0
+        _2s = _2sum
+        for x in (tuple(xs) if xs is ps else xs):
+            # assert isscalar(x) and _isfinite(x)
+            if x:
+                i = 0
+                for p in ps:
+                    x, p = _2s(x, p)
+                    if p:
+                        ps[i] = p
+                        i += 1
+                ps[i:] = (x,) if x else ()
+                n += 1
+        if n:
+            self._n += n
+            # Fsum._ps_max = max(Fsum._ps_max, len(ps))
+            if up:
+                self._update()
+        return ps
+
+    def _ps_mul(self, op, *factors):
+        '''(INTERNAL) Multiply this instance' C{partials} with
+           each of the B{C{factors}}, all known to be scalar.
         '''
-        ps = self._ps  # tuple(self._ps)
-        if len(ps) < len(factors):
-            ps, factors = factors, ps
-        _f = _isfinite
-        for f in factors:
-            for p in ps:
-                p *= f
-                yield p if _f(p) else self._finite(p, op)
+        def _pfs(ps, fs):
+            if len(ps) < len(fs):
+                ps, fs = fs, ps
+            _fin = _isfinite
+            for f in fs:
+                for p in ps:
+                    p *= f
+                    yield p if _fin(p) else self._finite(p, op)
+
+        return _Psum(self._ps_acc([], _pfs(self._ps, factors)))
 
     @property_RO
     def _ps_neg(self):
@@ -1598,6 +1659,12 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         for p in self._ps:
             yield -p
 
+    def _raiser(self, r, s):
+        '''(INTERNAL) Does ratio C{r / s} exceed threshold?
+        '''
+        self._ratio = t = fabs((r / s) if s else r)
+        return t > self._RESIDUAL
+
     @property_RO
     def real(self):
         '''Get the C{real} part of this instance (C{float}).
@@ -1620,12 +1687,6 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         '''
         return self._fprs2.residual
 
-    def _raiser(self, r, s):
-        '''(INTERNAL) Does ratio C{r / s} exceed threshold?
-        '''
-        self._ratio = t = fabs((r / s) if s else r)
-        return t > self._RESIDUAL
-
     def RESIDUAL(self, *threshold):
         '''Get and set this instance' I{ratio} for raising L{ResidualError}s,
            overriding the default from env variable C{PYGEODESY_FSUM_RESIDUAL}.
@@ -1636,12 +1697,12 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
                            C{PYGEODESY_FSUM_RESIDUAL} or if omitted, keep the
                            current setting.
 
-           @return: The previous C{RESIDUAL} setting (C{float}).
+           @return: The previous C{RESIDUAL} setting (C{float}), default C{0}.
 
            @raise ValueError: Negative B{C{threshold}}.
 
-           @note: A L{ResidualError} is thrown if the non-zero I{ratio}
-                  C{residual} / C{fsum} exceeds the B{C{threshold}}.
+           @note: L{ResidualError}s will be thrown if the non-zero I{ratio}
+                  C{residual / fsum} exceeds the B{C{threshold}}.
         '''
         r = self._RESIDUAL
         if threshold:
@@ -1659,10 +1720,17 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
         '''(INTERNAL) Non-zero B{C{residual}} etc.
         '''
         t = _stresidual(_non_zero_, residual, ratio=self._ratio,
-                                            RESIDUAL=self._RESIDUAL)
+                                           RESIDUAL=self._RESIDUAL)
         t =  t.replace(_COMMASPACE_R_, _exceeds_R_)
         return self._Error(op, other, ResidualError, txt=t)
 
+    @property_RO
+    def _2scalar(self):
+        '''(INTERNAL) Get this instance as C{scalar} or C{as-is}.
+        '''
+        s, r = self._fprs2
+        return self if r else s
+
     def signOf(self, res=True):
         '''Determine the sign of this instance.
 
@@ -1671,8 +1739,8 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
 
            @return: The sign (C{int}, -1, 0 or +1).
         '''
-        s, r = self._fprs2 if res else (self._fprs, 0)
-        return _signOf(s, -r)
+        s, r = self._fprs2
+        return _signOf(s, (-r) if res else 0)
 
     def toRepr(self, **prec_sep_fmt_lenc):  # PYCHOK signature
         '''Return this C{Fsum} instance as representation.
@@ -1721,7 +1789,7 @@ class Fsum(_Named):  # sync __methods__ with .vector3dBase.Vector3dBase
 #           Fsum._fint2._update(self)
 #           Fsum._fprs ._update(self)
 #           Fsum._fprs2._update(self)
-        return self
+        return self  # for .fset_
 
     def _ValueError(self, op, other, **txt):  # PYCHOK no cover
         '''(INTERNAL) Return a C{ValueError}.
@@ -1766,21 +1834,21 @@ class Fsum2Tuple(_NamedTuple):
     _Units_ = (_Float_Int,         _Float_Int)
 
     @Property_RO
-    def Fsum(self):
-        '''Get this L{Fsum2Tuple} as an L{Fsum}.
+    def _Fsum(self):
+        '''(INTERNAL) Get this L{Fsum2Tuple} as an L{Fsum}.
         '''
         s, r = map(float, self)
-        return _Fsum_ps(*_2ps(s, r), name=self.name)
+        return _Psum(_2ps(s, r), name=self.name)
 
     def is_exact(self):
         '''Is this L{Fsum2Tuple} considered to be exact? (C{bool}).
         '''
-        return self.Fsum.is_exact()
+        return self._Fsum.is_exact()
 
     def is_integer(self):
         '''Is this L{Fsum2Tuple} C{integer}? (C{bool}).
         '''
-        return self.Fsum.is_integer()
+        return self._Fsum.is_integer()
 
 
 class ResidualError(_ValueError):
@@ -1792,23 +1860,6 @@ class ResidualError(_ValueError):
     pass
 
 
-def _Fsum_ps(*ps, **name):
-    '''(INTERNAL) Return an C{Fsum} from I{ordered} partials C{ps}.
-    '''
-    f = Fsum(**name) if name else Fsum()
-    if ps:
-        f._n = len(ps)
-        f._ps[:] = ps
-    return f
-
-
-def _Fsum_xs(xs, up=False, **name):
-    '''(INTERNAL) Return an C{Fsum} from known floats C{xs}.
-    '''
-    f = Fsum(**name) if name else Fsum()
-    return f._facc(xs, up=up)
-
-
 try:
     from math import fsum as _fsum  # precision IEEE-754 sum, Python 2.6+
 
@@ -1820,16 +1871,18 @@ try:
 
     Fsum._math_fsum = _sum = _fsum  # PYCHOK exported
 
-    if _getenv('PYGEODESY_FSUM_PARTIALS', _fsum.__name__) == _fsum.__name__:
+    if _getenv('PYGEODESY_FSUM_PARTIALS', NN) == _fsum.__name__:
         _psum = _fsum  # PYCHOK re-def
 
 except ImportError:
-    _sum = sum  # Fsum(NAN) exception fall-back
+    _sum = sum  # Fsum(NAN) exception fall-back, in .elliptic
 
     def _fsum(xs):
         '''(INTERNAL) Precision summation, Python 2.5-.
         '''
-        return Fsum(name=_fsum.__name__).fsum(xs) if xs else _0_0
+        f = Fsum()
+        f.name = _fsum.__name__
+        return f.fsum(xs)
 
 
 def fsum(xs, floats=False):
@@ -1837,8 +1890,8 @@ def fsum(xs, floats=False):
 
        @arg xs: Iterable, list, tuple, etc. of values (C{scalar} or L{Fsum}
                 instances).
-       @kwarg floats: Optionally, use C{B{floats}=True} iff I{all} B{C{xs}}
-                      are known to be C{float}.
+       @kwarg floats: Use C{B{floats}=True} iff I{all} B{C{xs}} are known
+                      to be C{float} scalars (C{bool}).
 
        @return: Precision C{fsum} (C{float}).
 
@@ -1848,8 +1901,8 @@ def fsum(xs, floats=False):
 
        @raise ValueError: Invalid or non-finite B{C{xs}} value.
 
-       @note: Exceptions and I{non-finite} handling may differ if not
-              based on Python's C{math.fsum}.
+       @note: Exception and I{non-finite} handling may differ if not based
+              on Python's C{math.fsum}.
 
        @see: Class L{Fsum} and methods L{Fsum.fsum} and L{Fsum.fadd}.
     '''
@@ -1861,8 +1914,8 @@ def fsum_(*xs, **floats):
 
        @arg xs: Values to be added (C{scalar} or L{Fsum} instances), all
                 positional.
-       @kwarg floats: Optionally, use C{B{floats}=True} iff I{all} B{C{xs}}
-                      are known to be C{float}.
+       @kwarg floats: Use C{B{floats}=True} iff I{all} B{C{xs}} are known
+                      to be C{float} scalars (C{bool}).
 
        @return: Precision C{fsum} (C{float}).
 
@@ -1879,12 +1932,12 @@ def fsumf_(*xs):
 
 
 def fsum1(xs, floats=False):
-    '''Precision floating point summation of a few arguments, 1-primed.
+    '''Precision floating point summation, 1-primed.
 
        @arg xs: Iterable, list, tuple, etc. of values (C{scalar} or L{Fsum}
                 instances).
-       @kwarg floats: Optionally, use C{B{floats}=True} iff I{all} B{C{xs}}
-                      are known to be C{float}.
+       @kwarg floats: Use C{B{floats}=True} iff I{all} B{C{xs}} are known
+                      to be C{float}.
 
        @return: Precision C{fsum} (C{float}).
 
@@ -1894,12 +1947,12 @@ def fsum1(xs, floats=False):
 
 
 def fsum1_(*xs, **floats):
-    '''Precision floating point summation of a few arguments, 1-primed.
+    '''Precision floating point summation, 1-primed.
 
        @arg xs: Values to be added (C{scalar} or L{Fsum} instances), all
                 positional.
-       @kwarg floats: Optionally, use C{B{floats}=True} iff I{all} B{C{xs}}
-                      are known to be C{float}.
+       @kwarg floats: Use C{B{floats}=True} iff I{all} B{C{xs}} are known
+                      to be C{float} scalars (C{bool}).
 
        @return: Precision C{fsum} (C{float}).
 
@@ -1910,11 +1963,40 @@ def fsum1_(*xs, **floats):
 
 
 def fsum1f_(*xs):
-    '''Precision floating point summation L{fsum1_}C{(*xs, floats=True)}.
+    '''Precision floating point summation, L{fsum1_}C{(*xs, floats=True)}.
     '''
     return _fsum(_1primed(xs)) if xs else _0_0
 
 
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+
+    # usage: [env PYGEODESY_FSUM_PARTIALS=fsum] python3 -m pygeodesy.fsums
+
+    def _test(n):
+        # copied from Hettinger, see L{Fsum} reference
+        from pygeodesy import printf
+        from random import gauss, random, shuffle
+
+        printf(_fsum.__name__, end=_COMMASPACE_)
+        printf(_psum.__name__, end=_COMMASPACE_)
+
+        F = Fsum()
+        if F.is_math_fsum():
+            c = (7, 1e100, -7, -1e100, -9e-20, 8e-20) * 10
+            for _ in range(n):
+                t = list(c)
+                s = 0
+                for _ in range(n * 8):
+                    v = gauss(0, random())**7 - s
+                    t.append(v)
+                    s += v
+                shuffle(t)
+                assert float(F.fset_(*t)) == _fsum(t)
+                printf(_DOT_, end=NN)
+        printf(NN)
+
+    _test(128)
+
 # **) MIT License
 #
 # Copyright (C) 2016-2024 -- mrJean1 at Gmail -- All Rights Reserved.