pychnosz 1.1.1__cp310-cp310-win_amd64.whl

pychnosz/core/basis.py

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+"""
+Basis species management module.
+
+This module provides Python equivalents of the R functions in basis.R:
+- basis(): Set up and manage basis species for thermodynamic calculations
+- Basis species validation and stoichiometric matrix construction
+- Buffer system support and preset basis definitions
+
+Author: CHNOSZ Python port
+"""
+
+import pandas as pd
+import numpy as np
+from typing import Union, List, Optional, Dict, Any, Tuple
+import warnings
+
+from .thermo import thermo
+from .info import info, find_species
+from ..utils.formula import makeup
+
+
+class BasisError(Exception):
+    """Exception raised for basis-related errors."""
+    pass
+
+
+def basis(species: Optional[Union[str, int, List[Union[str, int]]]] = None,
+          state: Optional[Union[str, List[str]]] = None,
+          logact: Optional[Union[float, List[float]]] = None,
+          delete: bool = False,
+          add: bool = False,
+          messages: bool = True,
+          global_state: bool = True) -> Optional[pd.DataFrame]:
+    """
+    Set up the basis species of a thermodynamic system.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    species : str, int, list, or None
+        Species name(s), formula(s), or index(es), or preset keyword.
+        If None, returns current basis definition.
+    state : str, list of str, or None
+        Physical state(s) for the species
+    logact : float, list of float, or None
+        Log activities for the basis species
+    delete : bool, default False
+        If True, delete the basis definition
+    add : bool, default False
+        If True, add to existing basis instead of replacing
+    messages : bool, default True
+        If True, print informational messages about species lookup
+        If False, suppress all output (equivalent to R's suppressMessages())
+    global_state : bool, default True
+        If True, store basis definition in global thermo().basis (default behavior)
+        If False, return basis definition without storing globally (local state)
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    pd.DataFrame or None
+        Basis species definition DataFrame, or None if deleted
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> # Set up a simple basis
+    >>> basis(["H2O", "CO2", "NH3"], logact=[0, -3, -4])
+
+    >>> # Use a preset basis
+    >>> basis("CHNOS")
+
+    >>> # Add species to existing basis
+    >>> basis("Fe2O3", add=True)
+
+    >>> # Delete basis
+    >>> basis(delete=True)
+
+    >>> # Suppress messages
+    >>> basis("CHNOS", messages=False)
+    """
+    thermo_obj = thermo()
+    
+    # Get current basis
+    old_basis = thermo_obj.basis
+    
+    # Delete basis if requested
+    if delete or species == "":
+        thermo_obj.basis = None
+        thermo_obj.species = None
+        return old_basis
+    
+    # Return current basis if no species specified
+    if species is None:
+        return old_basis
+    
+    # Handle empty species list
+    if isinstance(species, list) and len(species) == 0:
+        raise ValueError("species argument is empty")
+    
+    # Check for preset keywords
+    if isinstance(species, str) and species in _get_preset_basis_keywords():
+        return preset_basis(species, messages=messages, global_state=global_state)
+
+    # Ensure species names are unique
+    if isinstance(species, list):
+        if len(set([str(s) for s in species])) != len(species):
+            raise ValueError("species names are not unique")
+
+    # Process arguments
+    species, state, logact = _process_basis_arguments(species, state, logact)
+
+    # Handle special transformations
+    species, logact = _handle_special_species(species, logact)
+
+    # Check if we're modifying existing basis species
+    if (old_basis is not None and not add and
+        _all_species_in_basis(species, old_basis)):
+        if state is not None or logact is not None:
+            return mod_basis(species, state, logact, messages=messages)
+
+    # Create new basis definition or add to existing
+    if logact is None:
+        logact = [0.0] * len(species)
+
+    # Get species indices
+    ispecies = _get_species_indices(species, state, messages=messages)
+    
+    # Handle adding to existing basis
+    if add and old_basis is not None:
+        # Check for duplicates
+        existing_indices = old_basis['ispecies'].tolist()
+        for i, idx in enumerate(ispecies):
+            if idx in existing_indices:
+                sp_name = species[i] if isinstance(species[i], str) else str(species[i])
+                raise BasisError(f"Species {sp_name} is already in the basis definition")
+        
+        # Append to existing basis
+        ispecies = existing_indices + ispecies
+        logact = old_basis['logact'].tolist() + logact
+    
+    # Create new basis
+    new_basis = put_basis(ispecies, logact, global_state=global_state)
+
+    # Only update global species list if using global state
+    if global_state:
+        # Handle species list when adding
+        if add and thermo_obj.species is not None:
+            _update_species_for_added_basis(old_basis, new_basis)
+        else:
+            # Clear species since basis changed
+            from .species import species as species_func
+            species_func(delete=True)
+
+    return new_basis
+
+
+def _process_basis_arguments(species, state, logact):
+    """Process and validate basis function arguments."""
+    # Convert single values to lists
+    if not isinstance(species, list):
+        species = [species]
+    
+    # Handle argument swapping for compatibility with R version
+    # If logact looks like states (strings), swap them
+    if logact is not None:
+        if isinstance(logact, list) and len(logact) > 0 and isinstance(logact[0], str):
+            state, logact = logact, state
+        elif isinstance(logact, str):
+            state, logact = logact, state
+    # If state is numeric, treat it as logact (like R CHNOSZ)
+    elif state is not None:
+        if isinstance(state, (int, float)):
+            state, logact = None, state
+        elif isinstance(state, list) and len(state) > 0 and isinstance(state[0], (int, float)):
+            state, logact = None, state
+    
+    # Ensure consistent lengths
+    n_species = len(species)
+    if state is not None:
+        if isinstance(state, str):
+            state = [state] * n_species
+        else:
+            state = list(state)[:n_species]  # Truncate if too long
+            state.extend([state[-1]] * (n_species - len(state)))  # Extend if too short
+    
+    if logact is not None:
+        if isinstance(logact, (int, float)):
+            logact = [float(logact)] * n_species
+        else:
+            logact = list(logact)[:n_species]
+            logact.extend([0.0] * (n_species - len(logact)))
+    
+    return species, state, logact
+
+
+def _handle_special_species(species, logact):
+    """Handle special species transformations (pH, pe, Eh)."""
+    new_species = []
+    new_logact = logact.copy() if logact else [0.0] * len(species)
+    
+    for i, sp in enumerate(species):
+        if sp == "pH":
+            new_logact[i] = -new_logact[i]
+            new_species.append("H+")
+        elif sp == "pe":
+            new_logact[i] = -new_logact[i]
+            new_species.append("e-")
+        elif sp == "Eh":
+            # Convert Eh to pe (simplified - assumes 25°C)
+            new_logact[i] = -_convert_eh_to_pe(new_logact[i])
+            new_species.append("e-")
+        else:
+            new_species.append(sp)
+    
+    return new_species, new_logact
+
+
+def _convert_eh_to_pe(eh_value):
+    """Convert Eh to pe (simplified for 25°C)."""
+    # This is a simplified conversion - full implementation would
+    # use proper temperature-dependent conversion
+    return eh_value / 0.05916  # Approximate conversion at 25°C
+
+
+def _all_species_in_basis(species, basis_df):
+    """Check if all species are already in the basis definition."""
+    if basis_df is None:
+        return False
+    
+    basis_formulas = basis_df.index.tolist()
+    basis_indices = basis_df['ispecies'].tolist()
+    
+    for sp in species:
+        if isinstance(sp, str):
+            if sp not in basis_formulas:
+                return False
+        elif isinstance(sp, int):
+            if sp not in basis_indices:
+                return False
+    
+    return True
+
+
+def _get_species_indices(species, state, messages=True):
+    """Get species indices for basis species."""
+    ispecies = []
+
+    for i, sp in enumerate(species):
+        if isinstance(sp, int):
+            # Already an index
+            ispecies.append(sp)
+        else:
+            # Look up by name/formula
+            sp_state = state[i] if state and i < len(state) else None
+            try:
+                idx = find_species(sp, sp_state, messages=messages)
+                ispecies.append(idx)
+            except ValueError:
+                available = f"({sp_state})" if sp_state else ""
+                raise BasisError(f"Species not available: {sp}{available}")
+
+    return ispecies
+
+
+def put_basis(ispecies: List[int], logact: List[float], global_state: bool = True) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    """
+    Create and validate a basis species definition.
+    
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    ispecies : list of int
+        Species indices in thermo().obigt
+    logact : list of float
+        Log activities for the basis species
+    global_state : bool, default True
+        If True, store in global thermo().basis (default)
+        If False, return without storing globally
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    pd.DataFrame
+        Validated basis definition
+        
+    Raises
+    ------
+    BasisError
+        If the basis is invalid (non-square or singular matrix)
+    """
+    thermo_obj = thermo()
+    obigt = thermo_obj.obigt
+    
+    if obigt is None:
+        raise RuntimeError("Thermodynamic database not initialized")
+    
+    # Get species information
+    states = [obigt.iloc[i-1]['state'] for i in ispecies]
+    formulas = [obigt.iloc[i-1]['formula'] for i in ispecies]
+    
+    # Create stoichiometric matrix
+    comp_matrix = _make_composition_matrix(ispecies, formulas)
+    
+    # Validate matrix
+    n_species, n_elements = comp_matrix.shape
+    if n_species > n_elements:
+        if 'Z' in comp_matrix.columns:
+            raise BasisError("the number of basis species is greater than the number of elements and charge")
+        else:
+            raise BasisError("the number of basis species is greater than the number of elements")
+    elif n_species < n_elements:
+        if 'Z' in comp_matrix.columns:
+            raise BasisError("the number of basis species is less than the number of elements and charge")
+        else:
+            raise BasisError("the number of basis species is less than the number of elements")
+    
+    # Check if matrix is invertible
+    try:
+        np.linalg.inv(comp_matrix.values)
+    except np.linalg.LinAlgError:
+        raise BasisError("singular stoichiometric matrix")
+    
+    # Create basis DataFrame
+    basis_data = comp_matrix.copy()
+    basis_data['ispecies'] = ispecies
+    basis_data['logact'] = logact
+    basis_data['state'] = states
+    
+    # Set row names to formulas, handling electron specially
+    rownames = []
+    for formula in formulas:
+        if formula == "(Z-1)":
+            rownames.append("e-")
+        else:
+            rownames.append(formula)
+    
+    basis_data.index = rownames
+
+    # Store in thermo system only if using global state
+    if global_state:
+        thermo_obj.basis = basis_data
+
+    return basis_data
+
+
+def _make_composition_matrix(ispecies: List[int], formulas: List[str]) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    """
+    Create elemental composition matrix for basis species.
+    
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    ispecies : list of int
+        Species indices
+    formulas : list of str
+        Chemical formulas
+        
+    Returns
+    -------
+    pd.DataFrame
+        Composition matrix with elements as columns
+    """
+    # Get elemental makeup for each species
+    compositions = []
+    all_elements = set()
+    
+    for formula in formulas:
+        comp = makeup(formula)
+        compositions.append(comp)
+        all_elements.update(comp.keys())
+    
+    # Create matrix with all elements
+    all_elements = sorted(list(all_elements))
+    comp_matrix = pd.DataFrame(index=range(len(formulas)), columns=all_elements)
+    
+    for i, comp in enumerate(compositions):
+        for element in all_elements:
+            comp_matrix.loc[i, element] = comp.get(element, 0)
+    
+    return comp_matrix.astype(float)
+
+
+def mod_basis(species: Union[str, int, List[Union[str, int]]],
+              state: Optional[Union[str, List[str]]] = None,
+              logact: Optional[Union[float, List[float]]] = None,
+              messages: bool = True) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    """
+    Modify states or log activities of existing basis species.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    species : str, int, or list
+        Basis species to modify (by formula or index)
+    state : str, list of str, or None
+        New state(s) or buffer name(s)
+    logact : float, list of float, or None
+        New log activity values
+    messages : bool, default True
+        If True, print informational messages
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    pd.DataFrame
+        Updated basis definition
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    BasisError
+        If basis not defined or species not found
+    """
+    thermo_obj = thermo()
+    
+    if thermo_obj.basis is None:
+        raise BasisError("basis is not defined")
+    
+    # Ensure arguments are lists
+    if not isinstance(species, list):
+        species = [species]
+    if state is not None and not isinstance(state, list):
+        state = [state]
+    if logact is not None and not isinstance(logact, list):
+        logact = [logact]
+    
+    # Process each species
+    for i, sp in enumerate(species):
+        # Find basis species index
+        if isinstance(sp, int):
+            # Match by species index
+            try:
+                basis_idx = thermo_obj.basis[thermo_obj.basis['ispecies'] == sp].index[0]
+            except IndexError:
+                raise BasisError(f"{sp} is not a species index of one of the basis species")
+        else:
+            # Match by formula
+            try:
+                basis_idx = thermo_obj.basis.loc[sp].name
+                basis_idx = sp  # Use the formula as index
+            except KeyError:
+                raise BasisError(f"{sp} is not a formula of one of the basis species")
+        
+        # Modify state
+        if state is not None and i < len(state):
+            new_state = state[i]
+            
+            # Check if it's a buffer name
+            if _is_buffer_name(new_state):
+                _validate_buffer_compatibility(new_state, basis_idx, messages=messages)
+                thermo_obj.basis.loc[basis_idx, 'logact'] = new_state
+            else:
+                # Find species in new state
+                current_species = thermo_obj.basis.loc[basis_idx, 'ispecies']
+                species_name = thermo_obj.obigt.iloc[current_species-1]['name']
+                species_formula = thermo_obj.obigt.iloc[current_species-1]['formula']
+                
+                # Try to find by name first, then by formula
+                try:
+                    new_ispecies = find_species(species_name, new_state, messages=messages)
+                except ValueError:
+                    try:
+                        new_ispecies = find_species(species_formula, new_state, messages=messages)
+                    except ValueError:
+                        name_text = species_name if species_name == species_formula else f"{species_name} or {species_formula}"
+                        raise BasisError(f"state or buffer '{new_state}' not found for {name_text}")
+                
+                # Update basis
+                thermo_obj.basis.loc[basis_idx, 'ispecies'] = new_ispecies
+                thermo_obj.basis.loc[basis_idx, 'state'] = new_state
+        
+        # Modify log activity
+        if logact is not None and i < len(logact):
+            thermo_obj.basis.loc[basis_idx, 'logact'] = logact[i]
+    
+    return thermo_obj.basis
+
+
+def _is_buffer_name(name: str) -> bool:
+    """Check if name corresponds to a buffer system."""
+    thermo_obj = thermo()
+    if thermo_obj.buffer is None:
+        return False
+    
+    return name in thermo_obj.buffer['name'].values if 'name' in thermo_obj.buffer.columns else False
+
+
+def _validate_buffer_compatibility(buffer_name: str, basis_idx: str, messages: bool = True) -> None:
+    """Validate that buffer species are compatible with current basis."""
+    thermo_obj = thermo()
+
+    # Get buffer species
+    buffer_data = thermo_obj.buffer[thermo_obj.buffer['name'] == buffer_name]
+
+    for _, buffer_row in buffer_data.iterrows():
+        species_name = buffer_row.get('species', '')
+        species_state = buffer_row.get('state', '')
+
+        try:
+            ispecies = find_species(species_name, species_state, messages=messages)
+            species_makeup = makeup(thermo_obj.obigt.iloc[ispecies-1]['formula'])
+
+            # Check if all elements are in basis
+            basis_elements = set(thermo_obj.basis.columns) - {'ispecies', 'logact', 'state'}
+            species_elements = set(species_makeup.keys())
+
+            missing_elements = species_elements - basis_elements
+            if missing_elements:
+                raise BasisError(f"the elements '{', '.join(missing_elements)}' of species "
+                               f"'{species_name}' in buffer '{buffer_name}' are not in the basis")
+        except ValueError:
+            pass  # Skip if species not found
+
+
+def _update_species_for_added_basis(old_basis: pd.DataFrame, new_basis: pd.DataFrame) -> None:
+    """Update species list when basis species are added."""
+    thermo_obj = thermo()
+    
+    if thermo_obj.species is None:
+        return
+    
+    n_old = len(old_basis)
+    n_new = len(new_basis)
+    n_species = len(thermo_obj.species)
+    
+    # Create new stoichiometric matrix with zeros for added basis species
+    old_stoich = thermo_obj.species.iloc[:, :n_old].values
+    new_cols = np.zeros((n_species, n_new - n_old))
+    new_stoich = np.hstack([old_stoich, new_cols])
+    
+    # Create new species DataFrame
+    stoich_df = pd.DataFrame(new_stoich, columns=new_basis.index)
+    other_cols = thermo_obj.species.iloc[:, n_old:]
+    new_species = pd.concat([stoich_df, other_cols], axis=1)
+    
+    thermo_obj.species = new_species
+
+
+def preset_basis(key: Optional[str] = None, messages: bool = True, global_state: bool = True) -> Union[List[str], pd.DataFrame]:
+    """
+    Load a preset basis definition by keyword.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    key : str or None
+        Preset keyword. If None, returns available keywords.
+    messages : bool, default True
+        If True, print informational messages
+    global_state : bool, default True
+        If True, store in global thermo().basis (default)
+        If False, return without storing globally
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    list of str or pd.DataFrame
+        Available keywords or basis definition
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> # List available presets
+    >>> preset_basis()
+
+    >>> # Load CHNOS basis
+    >>> preset_basis("CHNOS")
+    """
+    keywords = _get_preset_basis_keywords()
+    
+    if key is None:
+        return keywords
+    
+    if key not in keywords:
+        raise ValueError(f"{key} is not a keyword for preset basis species")
+
+    # Clear existing basis only if using global state
+    if global_state:
+        basis(delete=True)
+    
+    # Define preset species
+    species_map = {
+        "CHNOS": ["CO2", "H2O", "NH3", "H2S", "oxygen"],
+        "CHNOS+": ["CO2", "H2O", "NH3", "H2S", "oxygen", "H+"],
+        "CHNOSe": ["CO2", "H2O", "NH3", "H2S", "e-", "H+"],
+        "CHNOPS+": ["CO2", "H2O", "NH3", "H3PO4", "H2S", "oxygen", "H+"],
+        "CHNOPSe": ["CO2", "H2O", "NH3", "H3PO4", "H2S", "e-", "H+"],
+        "MgCHNOPS+": ["Mg+2", "CO2", "H2O", "NH3", "H3PO4", "H2S", "oxygen", "H+"],
+        "MgCHNOPSe": ["Mg+2", "CO2", "H2O", "NH3", "H3PO4", "H2S", "e-", "H+"],
+        "FeCHNOS": ["Fe2O3", "CO2", "H2O", "NH3", "H2S", "oxygen"],
+        "FeCHNOS+": ["Fe2O3", "CO2", "H2O", "NH3", "H2S", "oxygen", "H+"],
+        "QEC4": ["glutamine", "glutamic acid", "cysteine", "H2O", "oxygen"],
+        "QEC": ["glutamine", "glutamic acid", "cysteine", "H2O", "oxygen"],
+        "QEC+": ["glutamine", "glutamic acid", "cysteine", "H2O", "oxygen", "H+"],
+        "QCa": ["glutamine", "cysteine", "acetic acid", "H2O", "oxygen"],
+        "QCa+": ["glutamine", "cysteine", "acetic acid", "H2O", "oxygen", "H+"]
+    }
+    
+    species = species_map[key]
+    logact = _preset_logact(species)
+
+    # Special case for QEC4
+    if key == "QEC4":
+        logact[:3] = [-4.0] * 3
+
+    return basis(species, logact=logact, messages=messages, global_state=global_state)
+
+
+def _get_preset_basis_keywords() -> List[str]:
+    """Get list of available preset basis keywords."""
+    return [
+        "CHNOS", "CHNOS+", "CHNOSe", "CHNOPS+", "CHNOPSe",
+        "MgCHNOPS+", "MgCHNOPSe", "FeCHNOS", "FeCHNOS+",
+        "QEC4", "QEC", "QEC+", "QCa", "QCa+"
+    ]
+
+
+def _preset_logact(species: List[str]) -> List[float]:
+    """Get preset log activities for basis species."""
+    # Standard log activities for common species
+    standard_logact = {
+        "H2O": 0.0,
+        "CO2": -3.0,
+        "NH3": -4.0,
+        "H2S": -7.0,
+        "oxygen": -80.0,
+        "H+": -7.0,
+        "e-": -7.0,
+        "Fe2O3": 0.0,
+        # QEC amino acids (from Dick, 2017)
+        "glutamine": -3.2,
+        "glutamic acid": -4.5,
+        "cysteine": -3.6
+    }
+    
+    logact = []
+    for sp in species:
+        if sp in standard_logact:
+            logact.append(standard_logact[sp])
+        else:
+            logact.append(-3.0)  # Default for unmatched species
+    
+    return logact
+
+
+# Convenience functions
+def get_basis() -> Optional[pd.DataFrame]:
+    """
+    Get current basis definition.
+    
+    Returns
+    -------
+    pd.DataFrame or None
+        Current basis definition
+    """
+    return thermo().basis
+
+
+def is_basis_defined() -> bool:
+    """
+    Check if basis is currently defined.
+    
+    Returns
+    -------
+    bool
+        True if basis is defined
+    """
+    return thermo().basis is not None
+
+
+def basis_elements() -> Optional[np.ndarray]:
+    """
+    Get basis elements matrix.
+    
+    Returns
+    -------
+    np.ndarray or None
+        Transposed basis composition matrix
+    """
+    basis_df = get_basis()
+    if basis_df is None:
+        return None
+    
+    # Get elemental composition columns
+    element_cols = [col for col in basis_df.columns 
+                   if col not in ['ispecies', 'logact', 'state']]
+    
+    return basis_df[element_cols].values.T
+
+
+def swap_basis(species1: Union[str, int], species2: Union[str, int]) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    """
+    Swap one basis species for another.
+    
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    species1 : str or int
+        Current basis species to replace
+    species2 : str or int
+        New species to add to basis
+        
+    Returns
+    -------
+    pd.DataFrame
+        Updated basis definition
+        
+    Raises
+    ------
+    BasisError
+        If operation is not possible
+    """
+    thermo_obj = thermo()
+    
+    if thermo_obj.basis is None:
+        raise BasisError("basis is not defined")
+    
+    # This would require solving for the new basis coefficients
+    # Full implementation would be more complex
+    raise NotImplementedError("swap_basis not yet implemented")
+
+
+# Export main functions
+__all__ = [
+    'basis', 'mod_basis', 'put_basis', 'preset_basis',
+    'get_basis', 'is_basis_defined', 'basis_elements',
+    'BasisError'
+]