pvlib 0.10.4__py3-none-any.whl → 0.11.0__py3-none-any.whl

pvlib/irradiance.py

@@ -16,22 +16,18 @@ from scipy.optimize import bisect
 from pvlib import atmosphere, solarposition, tools
 import pvlib  # used to avoid dni name collision in complete_irradiance
 
+from pvlib._deprecation import pvlibDeprecationWarning
+import warnings
 
-# see References section of get_ground_diffuse function
-SURFACE_ALBEDOS = {'urban': 0.18,
-                   'grass': 0.20,
-                   'fresh grass': 0.26,
-                   'soil': 0.17,
-                   'sand': 0.40,
-                   'snow': 0.65,
-                   'fresh snow': 0.75,
-                   'asphalt': 0.12,
-                   'concrete': 0.30,
-                   'aluminum': 0.85,
-                   'copper': 0.74,
-                   'fresh steel': 0.35,
-                   'dirty steel': 0.08,
-                   'sea': 0.06}
+
+# Deprecation warning based on https://peps.python.org/pep-0562/
+def __getattr__(attr):
+    if attr == 'SURFACE_ALBEDOS':
+        warnings.warn(f"{attr} has been moved to the albedo module as of "
+                      "v0.11.0. Please use pvlib.albedo.SURFACE_ALBEDOS.",
+                      pvlibDeprecationWarning)
+        return pvlib.albedo.SURFACE_ALBEDOS
+    raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__!r} has no attribute {attr!r}")
 
 
 def get_extra_radiation(datetime_or_doy, solar_constant=1366.1,
@@ -232,48 +228,6 @@ def aoi(surface_tilt, surface_azimuth, solar_zenith, solar_azimuth):
     return aoi_value
 
 
-def poa_horizontal_ratio(surface_tilt, surface_azimuth,
-                         solar_zenith, solar_azimuth):
-    """
-    Calculates the ratio of the beam components of the plane of array
-    irradiance and the horizontal irradiance.
-
-    Input all angles in degrees.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    surface_tilt : numeric
-        Panel tilt from horizontal.
-    surface_azimuth : numeric
-        Panel azimuth from north.
-    solar_zenith : numeric
-        Solar zenith angle.
-    solar_azimuth : numeric
-        Solar azimuth angle.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    ratio : numeric
-        Ratio of the plane of array irradiance to the horizontal plane
-        irradiance
-    """
-
-    cos_poa_zen = aoi_projection(surface_tilt, surface_azimuth,
-                                 solar_zenith, solar_azimuth)
-
-    cos_solar_zenith = tools.cosd(solar_zenith)
-
-    # ratio of tilted and horizontal beam irradiance
-    ratio = cos_poa_zen / cos_solar_zenith
-
-    try:
-        ratio.name = 'poa_ratio'
-    except AttributeError:
-        pass
-
-    return ratio
-
-
 def beam_component(surface_tilt, surface_azimuth, solar_zenith, solar_azimuth,
                    dni):
     """
@@ -450,6 +404,11 @@ def get_sky_diffuse(surface_tilt, surface_azimuth,
     require ``'dni_extra'``. Values can be calculated using
     :py:func:`~pvlib.irradiance.get_extra_radiation`.
 
+    The ``'Perez'`` transposition model features discontinuities in the
+    predicted tilted diffuse irradiance due to relying on discrete input
+    values. For applications that benefit from continuous output, consider
+    using :py:func:`~pvlib.irradiance.perez_driesse`.
+
     The ``'perez'`` and ``'perez-driesse'`` models require relative airmass
     (``airmass``) as input. If ``airmass`` is not provided, it is calculated
     using the defaults in :py:func:`~pvlib.atmosphere.get_relative_airmass`.
@@ -592,7 +551,7 @@ def get_ground_diffuse(surface_tilt, ghi, albedo=.25, surface_type=None):
     Notes
     -----
     Table of albedo values by ``surface_type`` are from [2]_, [3]_, [4]_;
-    see :py:data:`~pvlib.irradiance.SURFACE_ALBEDOS`.
+    see :py:const:`~pvlib.albedo.SURFACE_ALBEDOS`.
 
     References
     ----------
@@ -607,7 +566,7 @@ def get_ground_diffuse(surface_tilt, ghi, albedo=.25, surface_type=None):
     '''
 
     if surface_type is not None:
-        albedo = SURFACE_ALBEDOS[surface_type]
+        albedo = pvlib.albedo.SURFACE_ALBEDOS[surface_type]
 
     diffuse_irrad = ghi * albedo * (1 - np.cos(np.radians(surface_tilt))) * 0.5
 
@@ -896,8 +855,8 @@ def reindl(surface_tilt, surface_azimuth, dhi, dni, ghi, dni_extra,
 
     .. math::
 
-       I_{d} = DHI (A R_b + (1 - A) (\frac{1 + \cos\beta}{2})
-       (1 + \sqrt{\frac{I_{hb}}{I_h}} \sin^3(\beta/2)) )
+       I_{d} = DHI \left(A R_b + (1 - A) \left(\frac{1 + \cos\beta}{2}\right)
+       \left(1 + \sqrt{\frac{I_{hb}}{I_h}} \sin^3(\beta/2)\right) \right)
 
     Reindl's 1990 model determines the diffuse irradiance from the sky
     (ground reflected irradiance is not included in this algorithm) on a
@@ -1050,6 +1009,13 @@ def perez(surface_tilt, surface_azimuth, dhi, dni, dni_extra,
     pressure-corrected) airmass. Optionally a selector may be used to
     use any of Perez's model coefficient sets.
 
+    Warning
+    -------
+    The Perez transposition model features discontinuities in the
+    predicted tilted diffuse irradiance due to relying on discrete input
+    values. For applications that benefit from continuous output, consider
+    using :py:func:`~pvlib.irradiance.perez_driesse`.
+
     Parameters
     ----------
     surface_tilt : numeric
@@ -1551,9 +1517,9 @@ def ghi_from_poa_driesse_2023(surface_tilt, surface_azimuth,
         Solar azimuth angle. [degree]
     poa_global : numeric
         Plane-of-array global irradiance, aka global tilted irradiance. [W/m^2]
-    dni_extra : None or numeric, default None
+    dni_extra : numeric, optional
         Extraterrestrial direct normal irradiance. [W/m^2]
-    airmass : None or numeric, default None
+    airmass : numeric, optional
         Relative airmass (not adjusted for pressure). [unitless]
     albedo : numeric, default 0.25
         Ground surface albedo. [unitless]
@@ -2334,10 +2300,10 @@ def gti_dirint(poa_global, aoi, solar_zenith, solar_azimuth, times,
     data : DataFrame
         Contains the following keys/columns:
 
-            * ``ghi``: the modeled global horizontal irradiance in W/m^2.
-            * ``dni``: the modeled direct normal irradiance in W/m^2.
-            * ``dhi``: the modeled diffuse horizontal irradiance in
-              W/m^2.
+        * ``ghi``: the modeled global horizontal irradiance in W/m^2.
+        * ``dni``: the modeled direct normal irradiance in W/m^2.
+        * ``dhi``: the modeled diffuse horizontal irradiance in
+          W/m^2.
 
     References
     ----------
@@ -2484,7 +2450,6 @@ def _gti_dirint_lt_90(poa_global, aoi, aoi_lt_90, solar_zenith, solar_azimuth,
     else:
         # we are here because we ran out of coeffs to loop over and
         # therefore we have exceeded max_iterations
-        import warnings
         failed_points = best_diff[aoi_lt_90][~best_diff_lte_1_lt_90]
         warnings.warn(
             ('%s points failed to converge after %s iterations. best_diff:\n%s'
@@ -2618,11 +2583,11 @@ def erbs(ghi, zenith, datetime_or_doy, min_cos_zenith=0.065, max_zenith=87):
     data : OrderedDict or DataFrame
         Contains the following keys/columns:
 
-            * ``dni``: the modeled direct normal irradiance in W/m^2.
-            * ``dhi``: the modeled diffuse horizontal irradiance in
-              W/m^2.
-            * ``kt``: Ratio of global to extraterrestrial irradiance
-              on a horizontal plane.
+        * ``dni``: the modeled direct normal irradiance in W/m^2.
+        * ``dhi``: the modeled diffuse horizontal irradiance in
+          W/m^2.
+        * ``kt``: Ratio of global to extraterrestrial irradiance
+          on a horizontal plane.
 
     References
     ----------
@@ -2721,11 +2686,11 @@ def erbs_driesse(ghi, zenith, datetime_or_doy=None, dni_extra=None,
     data : OrderedDict or DataFrame
         Contains the following keys/columns:
 
-            * ``dni``: the modeled direct normal irradiance in W/m^2.
-            * ``dhi``: the modeled diffuse horizontal irradiance in
-              W/m^2.
-            * ``kt``: Ratio of global to extraterrestrial irradiance
-              on a horizontal plane.
+        * ``dni``: the modeled direct normal irradiance in W/m^2.
+        * ``dhi``: the modeled diffuse horizontal irradiance in
+          W/m^2.
+        * ``kt``: Ratio of global to extraterrestrial irradiance
+          on a horizontal plane.
 
     Raises
     ------
@@ -2839,17 +2804,17 @@ def orgill_hollands(ghi, zenith, datetime_or_doy, dni_extra=None,
     data : OrderedDict or DataFrame
         Contains the following keys/columns:
 
-            * ``dni``: the modeled direct normal irradiance in W/m^2.
-            * ``dhi``: the modeled diffuse horizontal irradiance in
-              W/m^2.
-            * ``kt``: Ratio of global to extraterrestrial irradiance
-              on a horizontal plane.
+        * ``dni``: the modeled direct normal irradiance in W/m^2.
+        * ``dhi``: the modeled diffuse horizontal irradiance in
+          W/m^2.
+        * ``kt``: Ratio of global to extraterrestrial irradiance
+          on a horizontal plane.
 
     References
     ----------
     .. [1] Orgill, J.F., Hollands, K.G.T., Correlation equation for hourly
-      diffuse radiation on a horizontal surface, Solar Energy 19(4), pp 357–359,
-      1977. Eqs. 3(a), 3(b) and 3(c)
+      diffuse radiation on a horizontal surface, Solar Energy 19(4),
+      pp 357–359, 1977. Eqs. 3(a), 3(b) and 3(c)
       :doi:`10.1016/0038-092X(77)90006-8`
 
     See Also
@@ -2934,11 +2899,11 @@ def boland(ghi, solar_zenith, datetime_or_doy, a_coeff=8.645, b_coeff=0.613,
     data : OrderedDict or DataFrame
         Contains the following keys/columns:
 
-            * ``dni``: the modeled direct normal irradiance in W/m^2.
-            * ``dhi``: the modeled diffuse horizontal irradiance in
-              W/m^2.
-            * ``kt``: Ratio of global to extraterrestrial irradiance
-              on a horizontal plane.
+        * ``dni``: the modeled direct normal irradiance in W/m^2.
+        * ``dhi``: the modeled diffuse horizontal irradiance in
+          W/m^2.
+        * ``kt``: Ratio of global to extraterrestrial irradiance
+          on a horizontal plane.
 
     References
     ----------
@@ -3771,11 +3736,11 @@ def louche(ghi, solar_zenith, datetime_or_doy, max_zenith=90):
     data: OrderedDict or DataFrame
         Contains the following keys/columns:
 
-            * ``dni``: the modeled direct normal irradiance in W/m^2.
-            * ``dhi``: the modeled diffuse horizontal irradiance in
-              W/m^2.
-            * ``kt``: Ratio of global to extraterrestrial irradiance
-              on a horizontal plane.
+        * ``dni``: the modeled direct normal irradiance in W/m^2.
+        * ``dhi``: the modeled diffuse horizontal irradiance in
+          W/m^2.
+        * ``kt``: Ratio of global to extraterrestrial irradiance
+          on a horizontal plane.
 
     References
     -------
@@ -3808,3 +3773,76 @@ def louche(ghi, solar_zenith, datetime_or_doy, max_zenith=90):
         data = pd.DataFrame(data, index=datetime_or_doy)
 
     return data
+
+
+def diffuse_par_spitters(daily_solar_zenith, global_diffuse_fraction):
+    r"""
+    Derive daily diffuse fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR)
+    from daily average solar zenith and diffuse fraction of daily insolation.
+
+    The relationship is based on the work of Spitters et al. (1986) [1]_. The
+    resulting value is the fraction of daily PAR that is diffuse.
+
+    .. note::
+       The diffuse fraction is defined as the ratio of
+       diffuse to global daily insolation, in J m⁻² day⁻¹ or equivalent.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    daily_solar_zenith : numeric
+        Average daily solar zenith angle. In degrees [°].
+
+    global_diffuse_fraction : numeric
+        Fraction of daily global broadband insolation that is diffuse.
+        Unitless [0, 1].
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    par_diffuse_fraction : numeric
+        Fraction of daily photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) that is
+        diffuse. Unitless [0, 1].
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    The relationship is given by equations (9) & (10) in [1]_ and (1) in [2]_:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        k_{diffuse\_PAR}^{model} = \frac{PAR_{diffuse}}{PAR_{total}} =
+        \frac{\left[1 + 0.3 \left(1 - \left(k_d\right) ^2\right)\right]
+        k_d}
+        {1 + \left(1 - \left(k_d\right)^2\right) \cos ^2 (90 - \beta)
+        \cos ^3 \beta}
+
+    where :math:`k_d` is the diffuse fraction of the global insolation, and
+    :math:`\beta` is the daily average of the solar elevation angle in degrees.
+
+    A comparison using different models for the diffuse fraction of
+    the global insolation can be found in [2]_ in the context of Sweden.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] C. J. T. Spitters, H. A. J. M. Toussaint, and J. Goudriaan,
+       'Separating the diffuse and direct component of global radiation and its
+       implications for modeling canopy photosynthesis Part I. Components of
+       incoming radiation', Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, vol. 38,
+       no. 1, pp. 217-229, Oct. 1986, :doi:`10.1016/0168-1923(86)90060-2`.
+    .. [2] S. Ma Lu et al., 'Photosynthetically active radiation decomposition
+       models for agrivoltaic systems applications', Solar Energy, vol. 244,
+       pp. 536-549, Sep. 2022, :doi:`10.1016/j.solener.2022.05.046`.
+    """
+    # notation change:
+    # cosd(90-x) = sind(x) and 90-solar_elevation = solar_zenith
+    cosd_solar_zenith = tools.cosd(daily_solar_zenith)
+    cosd_solar_elevation = tools.sind(daily_solar_zenith)
+    par_diffuse_fraction = (
+        (1 + 0.3 * (1 - global_diffuse_fraction**2))
+        * global_diffuse_fraction
+        / (
+            1
+            + (1 - global_diffuse_fraction**2)
+            * cosd_solar_zenith**2
+            * cosd_solar_elevation**3
+        )
+    )
+    return par_diffuse_fraction

pvlib/location.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ This module contains the Location class.
 
 # Will Holmgren, University of Arizona, 2014-2016.
 
-import os
+import pathlib
 import datetime
 
 import pandas as pd
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import h5py
 from pvlib import solarposition, clearsky, atmosphere, irradiance
 from pvlib.tools import _degrees_to_index
 
+
 class Location:
     """
     Location objects are convenient containers for latitude, longitude,
@@ -44,8 +45,11 @@ class Location:
         pytz.timezone objects will be converted to strings.
         ints and floats must be in hours from UTC.
 
-    altitude : float, default 0.
+    altitude : float, optional
         Altitude from sea level in meters.
+        If not specified, the altitude will be fetched from
+        :py:func:`pvlib.location.lookup_altitude`.
+        If no data is available for the location, the altitude is set to 0.
 
     name : string, optional
         Sets the name attribute of the Location object.
@@ -55,7 +59,8 @@ class Location:
     pvlib.pvsystem.PVSystem
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, latitude, longitude, tz='UTC', altitude=0, name=None):
+    def __init__(self, latitude, longitude, tz='UTC', altitude=None,
+                 name=None):
 
         self.latitude = latitude
         self.longitude = longitude
@@ -75,6 +80,9 @@ class Location:
         else:
             raise TypeError('Invalid tz specification')
 
+        if altitude is None:
+            altitude = lookup_altitude(latitude, longitude)
+
         self.altitude = altitude
 
         self.name = name
@@ -427,8 +435,8 @@ def lookup_altitude(latitude, longitude):
 
     """
 
-    pvlib_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
-    filepath = os.path.join(pvlib_path, 'data', 'Altitude.h5')
+    pvlib_path = pathlib.Path(__file__).parent
+    filepath = pvlib_path / 'data' / 'Altitude.h5'
 
     latitude_index = _degrees_to_index(latitude, coordinate='latitude')
     longitude_index = _degrees_to_index(longitude, coordinate='longitude')
@@ -439,8 +447,10 @@ def lookup_altitude(latitude, longitude):
     # 255 is a special value that means nodata. Fallback to 0 if nodata.
     if alt == 255:
         return 0
+    # convert from np.uint8 to float so that the following operations succeed
+    alt = float(alt)
     # Altitude is encoded in 28 meter steps from -450 meters to 6561 meters
     # There are 0-254 possible altitudes, with 255 reserved for nodata.
     alt *= 28
     alt -= 450
-    return float(alt)
+    return alt

pvlib/modelchain.py

@@ -13,14 +13,11 @@ import pandas as pd
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from typing import Union, Tuple, Optional, TypeVar
 
-from pvlib import (atmosphere, clearsky, inverter, pvsystem, solarposition,
-                   temperature, iam)
+from pvlib import pvsystem, iam
 import pvlib.irradiance  # avoid name conflict with full import
 from pvlib.pvsystem import _DC_MODEL_PARAMS
 from pvlib.tools import _build_kwargs
 
-from pvlib._deprecation import deprecated
-
 # keys that are used to detect input data and assign data to appropriate
 # ModelChain attribute
 # for ModelChain.weather
@@ -41,7 +38,7 @@ DATA_KEYS = WEATHER_KEYS + POA_KEYS + TEMPERATURE_KEYS
 
 # these dictionaries contain the default configuration for following
 # established modeling sequences. They can be used in combination with
-# basic_chain and ModelChain. They are used by the ModelChain methods
+# ModelChain, particularly they are used by the methods
 # ModelChain.with_pvwatts, ModelChain.with_sapm, etc.
 
 # pvwatts documentation states that it uses the following reference for
@@ -62,165 +59,6 @@ SAPM_CONFIG = dict(
 )
 
 
-@deprecated(
-    since='0.9.1',
-    name='pvlib.modelchain.basic_chain',
-    alternative=('pvlib.modelchain.ModelChain.with_pvwatts'
-                 ' or pvlib.modelchain.ModelChain.with_sapm'),
-    addendum='Note that the with_xyz methods take different model parameters.'
-)
-def basic_chain(times, latitude, longitude,
-                surface_tilt, surface_azimuth,
-                module_parameters, temperature_model_parameters,
-                inverter_parameters,
-                irradiance=None, weather=None,
-                transposition_model='haydavies',
-                solar_position_method='nrel_numpy',
-                airmass_model='kastenyoung1989',
-                altitude=None, pressure=None,
-                **kwargs):
-    """
-    An experimental function that computes all of the modeling steps
-    necessary for calculating power or energy for a PV system at a given
-    location.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    times : DatetimeIndex
-        Times at which to evaluate the model.
-
-    latitude : float.
-        Positive is north of the equator.
-        Use decimal degrees notation.
-
-    longitude : float.
-        Positive is east of the prime meridian.
-        Use decimal degrees notation.
-
-    surface_tilt : numeric
-        Surface tilt angles in decimal degrees.
-        The tilt angle is defined as degrees from horizontal
-        (e.g. surface facing up = 0, surface facing horizon = 90)
-
-    surface_azimuth : numeric
-        Surface azimuth angles in decimal degrees.
-        The azimuth convention is defined
-        as degrees east of north
-        (North=0, South=180, East=90, West=270).
-
-    module_parameters : dict or Series
-        Module parameters as defined by the SAPM. See pvsystem.sapm for
-        details.
-
-    temperature_model_parameters : dict or Series
-        Temperature model parameters as defined by the SAPM.
-        See temperature.sapm_cell for details.
-
-    inverter_parameters : dict or Series
-        Inverter parameters as defined by the CEC. See
-        :py:func:`inverter.sandia` for details.
-
-    irradiance : DataFrame, optional
-        If not specified, calculates clear sky data.
-        Columns must be 'dni', 'ghi', 'dhi'.
-
-    weather : DataFrame, optional
-        If not specified, assumes air temperature is 20 C and
-        wind speed is 0 m/s.
-        Columns must be 'wind_speed', 'temp_air'.
-
-    transposition_model : str, default 'haydavies'
-        Passed to system.get_irradiance.
-
-    solar_position_method : str, default 'nrel_numpy'
-        Passed to solarposition.get_solarposition.
-
-    airmass_model : str, default 'kastenyoung1989'
-        Passed to atmosphere.relativeairmass.
-
-    altitude : float, optional
-        If not specified, computed from ``pressure``. Assumed to be 0 m
-        if ``pressure`` is also unspecified.
-
-    pressure : float, optional
-        If not specified, computed from ``altitude``. Assumed to be 101325 Pa
-        if ``altitude`` is also unspecified.
-
-    **kwargs
-        Arbitrary keyword arguments.
-        See code for details.
-
-    Returns
-    -------
-    output : (dc, ac)
-        Tuple of DC power (with SAPM parameters) (DataFrame) and AC
-        power (Series).
-    """
-
-    if altitude is None and pressure is None:
-        altitude = 0.
-        pressure = 101325.
-    elif altitude is None:
-        altitude = atmosphere.pres2alt(pressure)
-    elif pressure is None:
-        pressure = atmosphere.alt2pres(altitude)
-
-    solar_position = solarposition.get_solarposition(
-        times, latitude, longitude, altitude=altitude, pressure=pressure,
-        method=solar_position_method, **kwargs)
-
-    # possible error with using apparent zenith with some models
-    airmass = atmosphere.get_relative_airmass(
-        solar_position['apparent_zenith'], model=airmass_model)
-    airmass = atmosphere.get_absolute_airmass(airmass, pressure)
-    dni_extra = pvlib.irradiance.get_extra_radiation(solar_position.index)
-
-    aoi = pvlib.irradiance.aoi(surface_tilt, surface_azimuth,
-                               solar_position['apparent_zenith'],
-                               solar_position['azimuth'])
-
-    if irradiance is None:
-        linke_turbidity = clearsky.lookup_linke_turbidity(
-            solar_position.index, latitude, longitude)
-        irradiance = clearsky.ineichen(
-            solar_position['apparent_zenith'],
-            airmass,
-            linke_turbidity,
-            altitude=altitude,
-            dni_extra=dni_extra
-        )
-
-    total_irrad = pvlib.irradiance.get_total_irradiance(
-        surface_tilt,
-        surface_azimuth,
-        solar_position['apparent_zenith'],
-        solar_position['azimuth'],
-        irradiance['dni'],
-        irradiance['ghi'],
-        irradiance['dhi'],
-        model=transposition_model,
-        dni_extra=dni_extra)
-
-    if weather is None:
-        weather = {'wind_speed': 0, 'temp_air': 20}
-
-    cell_temperature = temperature.sapm_cell(
-        total_irrad['poa_global'], weather['temp_air'], weather['wind_speed'],
-        temperature_model_parameters['a'], temperature_model_parameters['b'],
-        temperature_model_parameters['deltaT'])
-
-    effective_irradiance = pvsystem.sapm_effective_irradiance(
-        total_irrad['poa_direct'], total_irrad['poa_diffuse'], airmass, aoi,
-        module_parameters)
-
-    dc = pvsystem.sapm(effective_irradiance, cell_temperature,
-                       module_parameters)
-
-    ac = inverter.sandia(dc['v_mp'], dc['p_mp'], inverter_parameters)
-
-    return dc, ac
-
-
 def get_orientation(strategy, **kwargs):
     """
     Determine a PV system's surface tilt and surface azimuth
@@ -238,7 +76,6 @@ def get_orientation(strategy, **kwargs):
     -------
     surface_tilt, surface_azimuth
     """
-
     if strategy == 'south_at_latitude_tilt':
         surface_azimuth = 180
         surface_tilt = kwargs['latitude']

pvlib/pvarray.py

@@ -311,11 +311,13 @@ def huld(effective_irradiance, temp_mod, pdc0, k=None, cell_type=None):
 
     :py:func:`huld` is a component of the PV performance model implemented in
     PVGIS. Among other components, the full PVGIS model includes:
-        - the Faiman model for module temperature
-          :py:func:`pvlib.temperature.faiman`
-        - the Martin and Ruiz model for the incidence angle modifier (IAM)
-          :py:func:`pvlib.iam.martin_ruiz`
-        - a custom model for a spectral adjustment factor
+
+    - the Faiman model for module temperature
+      :py:func:`pvlib.temperature.faiman`
+    - the Martin and Ruiz model for the incidence angle modifier (IAM)
+      :py:func:`pvlib.iam.martin_ruiz`
+    - a custom model for a spectral adjustment factor
+
     The PVGIS API (see :py:func:`pvlib.iotools.get_pvgis_hourly`) returns
     broadband plane-of-array irradiance (``poa_global``) and DC power (``P``).
     ``poa_global`` is irradiance before applying the IAM and spectral