openTEPES 4.18.4__py3-none-any.whl → 4.18.5__py3-none-any.whl

openTEPES/openTEPES_OutputResults.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 """
-Open Generation, Storage, and Transmission Operation and Expansion Planning Model with RES and ESS (openTEPES) - April 05, 2025
+Open Generation, Storage, and Transmission Operation and Expansion Planning Model with RES and ESS (openTEPES) - June 23, 2025
 """
 
 import time
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ def LinePlots(period, scenario, df, Category, X, Y, OperationType):
     return plot
 
 
-# write parameters, variables, and duals in CSV files
+# write parameters, variables, and duals
 def OutputResultsParVarCon(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
     # print('Writing pars, vars, and duals results  ... ', end='')
     # DirName = os.path.dirname(DirName)
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ def OutputResultsParVarCon(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
     # dump_folder = f'{_path}/CaseDumpFolder_{CaseName}_{DateName}/'
     # with open(dump_folder+f'/oT_Case_{CaseName}.pkl','rb') as f:
     #     OptModel = pickle.load(f)
-    # output parameters, variables, and constraints to CSV files
+    # output parameters, variables, and constraints
 
     # dump_folder = f'{_path}/CaseDumpFolder_{CaseName}_'+str(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d'))+f'/'
     dump_folder = os.path.join(DirName, CaseName, f'CaseDumpFolder_{CaseName}_'+str(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d')))
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ def InvestmentResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnologyOutput,
     for gt,g in mTEPES.t2g:
         g2t[gt].append(g)
 
-    if len(mTEPES.eb):
+    if mTEPES.eb:
 
         # generators to area (g2a)
         g2a = defaultdict(list)
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ def InvestmentResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnologyOutput,
                 chart = alt.Chart(OutputResults.reset_index()).mark_bar().encode(x='Technology:O', y='sum(MW):Q', color='Technology:N', column='Period:N').properties(width=600, height=400)
                 chart.save(f'{_path}/oT_Plot_TechnologyInvestment_{CaseName}.html', embed_options={'renderer':'svg'})
 
-            # Saving and plotting generation investment cost into CSV file
+            # Saving and plotting generation investment cost
             OutputResults0 = OutputResults
             OutputToFile   = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pGenInvestCost[eb] * OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,eb]() for p,eb in mTEPES.peb], index=mTEPES.peb)
             OutputToFile   = OutputToFile.fillna(0).to_frame(name='MEUR').reset_index().rename(columns={'level_0': 'Period', 'level_1': 'Generating unit'}).set_index(['Period', 'Generating unit'])
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ def InvestmentResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnologyOutput,
                 chart = alt.Chart(OutputResults.reset_index().rename(columns={'level_0': 'Period', 'level_1': 'Technology'})).mark_bar().encode(x='Technology:O', y='sum(MEUR/MW):Q', color='Technology:N', column='Period:N').properties(width=600, height=400)
                 chart.save(f'{_path}/oT_Plot_TechnologyInvestmentCostPerMW_{CaseName}.html', embed_options={'renderer':'svg'})
 
-    if len(mTEPES.gd):
+    if mTEPES.gd:
 
         # generators to area (g2a)
         g2a = defaultdict(list)
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ def InvestmentResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnologyOutput,
                 g2a[ar].append(gd)
 
         if pIndTechnologyOutput == 0 or pIndTechnologyOutput == 2:
-            # Saving generation retirement into CSV file
+            # Saving generation retirement
             OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vGenerationRetire[p,gd]()                                                           for p,gd in mTEPES.pgd], index=mTEPES.pgd)
             OutputToFile = OutputToFile.fillna(0).to_frame(name='RetirementDecision').reset_index().rename(columns={'level_0': 'Period', 'level_1': 'Generating unit'})
             OutputToFile.pivot_table(index=['Period'], columns=['Generating unit'], values='RetirementDecision').rename_axis(['Period'], axis=0).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_GenerationRetirementPerUnit_{CaseName}.csv', index=True, sep=',')
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ def InvestmentResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnologyOutput,
                 chart = alt.Chart(OutputResults.reset_index()).mark_bar().encode(x='Technology:O', y='sum(MW):Q', color='Technology:N', column='Period:N').properties(width=600, height=400)
                 chart.save(f'{_path}/oT_Plot_TechnologyRetirement_{CaseName}.html', embed_options={'renderer':'svg'})
 
-    if len(mTEPES.lc):
+    if mTEPES.lc:
 
         # Saving investment decisions
         OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vNetworkInvest[p,ni,nf,cc]() for p,ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.plc], index=mTEPES.plc)
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ def GenerationOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnolo
     for gt,g in mTEPES.t2g:
         g2t[gt].append(g)
 
-    if len(mTEPES.nr):
+    if mTEPES.nr:
         if pIndTechnologyOutput == 0 or pIndTechnologyOutput == 2:
             OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vCommitment[p,sc,n,nr]() for p,sc,n,nr in mTEPES.psnnr], index=mTEPES.psnnr)
             OutputToFile.to_frame(name='p.u.').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='p.u.').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_GenerationCommitment_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ def GenerationOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnolo
             OutputToFile.to_frame(name='p.u.').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='p.u.').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_GenerationShutDown_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
     if sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveUp[:,:,:,:]):
-        if len(mTEPES.nr):
+        if mTEPES.nr:
             OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vReserveUp     [p,sc,n,nr]() for p,sc,n,nr in mTEPES.psnnr], index=mTEPES.psnnr)
             OutputToFile = OutputToFile.fillna(0.0)
             OutputToFile *= 1e3
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ def GenerationOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnolo
                 OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OutputToFile[p,sc,n,nr] for nr in n2n[nt] if (p,nr) in mTEPES.pnr) for p,sc,n,nt in mTEPES.psnnt], index=mTEPES.psnnt)
                 OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MW').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MW').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyOperatingReserveUp_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-        if len(mTEPES.eh):
+        if mTEPES.eh:
             OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vESSReserveUp  [p,sc,n,eh]() for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc], index=mTEPES.psnehc)
             OutputToFile = OutputToFile.fillna(0.0)
             OutputToFile *= 1e3
@@ -423,11 +423,11 @@ def GenerationOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnolo
                 OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MW').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MW').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_ConsumptionReserveUp_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
             if pIndTechnologyOutput == 1 or pIndTechnologyOutput == 2:
-                OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh] for eh in e2e[et] if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh) for p,sc,n,et in mTEPES.psnet], index=mTEPES.psnet)
+                OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh] for eh in e2e[et] if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh and mTEPES.pRatedMaxCharge[eh]) for p,sc,n,et in mTEPES.psnet], index=mTEPES.psnet)
                 OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MW').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MW').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyOperatingReserveUpESS_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
     if sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveDw[:,:,:,:]):
-        if len(mTEPES.nr):
+        if mTEPES.nr:
             OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vReserveDown   [p,sc,n,nr]() for p,sc,n,nr in mTEPES.psnnr], index=mTEPES.psnnr)
             OutputToFile = OutputToFile.fillna(0.0)
             OutputToFile *= 1e3
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ def GenerationOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnolo
                 OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OutputToFile[p,sc,n,nr] for nr in n2n[nt] if (p,nr) in mTEPES.pnr) for p,sc,n,nt in mTEPES.psnnt], index=mTEPES.psnnt)
                 OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MW').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MW').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyOperatingReserveDown_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-        if len(mTEPES.eh):
+        if mTEPES.psnehc:
             OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vESSReserveDown[p,sc,n,eh]() for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc], index=mTEPES.psnehc)
             OutputToFile = OutputToFile.fillna(0.0)
             OutputToFile *= 1e3
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ def GenerationOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnolo
     if len(OutputResults):
         OutputResults.to_frame(name='MW/h').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_3'], columns='level_4', values='MW/h', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_GenerationRampDwSurplus_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-    if len(mTEPES.re) and len(mTEPES.rt):
+    if mTEPES.re and mTEPES.rt:
         OutputToFile1 = pd.Series(data=[(OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,re].ub*OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,re]() - OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,re]())*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() if re in mTEPES.gc else
                                         (OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,re].ub                                    - OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,re]())*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for p,sc,n,re in mTEPES.psnre], index=mTEPES.psnre)
         OutputToFile2 = pd.Series(data=[(OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,re].ub*OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,re]()                                     )*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() if re in mTEPES.gc else
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ def GenerationOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnolo
                     for ar in mTEPES.ar:
                         if sum(1 for g in g2a[ar] if g in g2t[gt]):
                             sPSNGT = [(p,sc,n,gt) for p,sc,n,gt in mTEPES.psngt if sum(1 for g in g2a[ar] if (p,g) in mTEPES.pg and g in g2t[gt])]
-                            if len(sPSNGT):
+                            if sPSNGT:
                                 OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[sum(OutputToFile[p,sc,n,g] for g in g2a[ar] if (p,g) in mTEPES.pg and g in g2t[gt]) for p,sc,n,gt in sPSNGT], index=pd.Index(sPSNGT))
                                 OutputResults.to_frame(name='MtCO2').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MtCO2', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyEmission_{ar}_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ def GenerationOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnolo
                 for ar in mTEPES.ar:
                     if sum(1 for g in g2a[ar] if g in g2t[gt]):
                         sPSNGT = [(p,sc,n,gt) for p,sc,n,gt in mTEPES.psngt if sum(1 for g in g2a[ar] if (p,g) in mTEPES.pg and g in g2t[gt])]
-                        if len(sPSNGT):
+                        if sPSNGT:
                             OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,g]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for g in g2a[ar] if (p,g) in mTEPES.pg and g in g2t[gt]) for p,sc,n,gt in sPSNGT], index=pd.Index(sPSNGT))
                             OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='GWh', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyGenerationEnergy_{ar}_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ def GenerationOperationHeatResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTech
                 for ar in mTEPES.ar:
                     if sum(1 for chp in g2a[ar] if chp in g2t[gt]):
                         sPSNGT = [(p,sc,n,gt) for p,sc,n,gt in mTEPES.psngt if sum(1 for chp in g2a[ar] if (p,chp) in mTEPES.pchp and chp in g2t[gt])]
-                        if len(sPSNGT):
+                        if sPSNGT:
                             OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OptModel.vTotalOutputHeat[p,sc,n,chp]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for chp in g2a[ar] if (p,chp) in mTEPES.pchp and chp in g2t[gt]) for p,sc,n,gt in sPSNGT], index=pd.Index(sPSNGT))
                             OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='GWh', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyGenerationEnergyHeat_{ar}_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
@@ -696,23 +696,62 @@ def ESSOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnologyOutpu
         OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OutputToFile[p,sc,n,es] for es in o2e[ot] if (p,es) in mTEPES.pes) for p,sc,n,ot in mTEPES.psnot], index=mTEPES.psnot)
         OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MW').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MW', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyOutflows_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-    OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vESSTotalCharge    [p,sc,n,eh]() for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc], index=mTEPES.psnehc)
-    OutputToFile *= -1e3
-    OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MW').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MW', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_Consumption_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
+    # Check if there are any ESS with consumption capabilities
+    # If there are none, just skip outputting consumption related files
+    if mTEPES.psnehc:
+        OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vESSTotalCharge    [p,sc,n,eh]() for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc], index=mTEPES.psnehc)
+        OutputToFile *= -1e3
+        OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MW').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MW', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_Consumption_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-    # tolerance to consider that an ESS is not producing or consuming
-    pEpsilon = 1e-6
-    OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[0.0 for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc], index=mTEPES.psnehc)
-    for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc:
-        OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh] = -1.0                                                                         if OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]() and OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,eh]() <= pEpsilon * mTEPES.pMaxPowerElec[p,sc,n,eh]                                          else OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh]
-        OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh] =  1.0                                                                         if OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,eh]() and OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]() <= pEpsilon * mTEPES.pMaxCharge   [p,sc,n,eh]                                          else OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh]
-        if OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,eh]() and OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]():
-            OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh] = OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,eh]()/OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]() if OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,eh]() >  pEpsilon * mTEPES.pMaxPowerElec[p,sc,n,eh] or OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]() > pEpsilon * mTEPES.pMaxCharge[p,sc,n,eh] else OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh]
-    OutputToFile.to_frame(name='p.u.').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='p.u.', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_GenerationConsumptionRatio_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
+        # tolerance to consider that an ESS is not producing or consuming
+        pEpsilon = 1e-6
+        OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[0.0 for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc], index=mTEPES.psnehc)
+        for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc:
+            OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh] = -1.0                                                                         if OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]() and OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,eh]() <= pEpsilon * mTEPES.pMaxPowerElec[p,sc,n,eh]                                          else OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh]
+            OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh] =  1.0                                                                         if OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,eh]() and OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]() <= pEpsilon * mTEPES.pMaxCharge   [p,sc,n,eh]                                          else OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh]
+            if OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,eh]() and OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]():
+                OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh] = OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,eh]()/OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]() if OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,eh]() >  pEpsilon * mTEPES.pMaxPowerElec[p,sc,n,eh] or OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]() > pEpsilon * mTEPES.pMaxCharge[p,sc,n,eh] else OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh]
+        OutputToFile.to_frame(name='p.u.').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='p.u.', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_GenerationConsumptionRatio_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-    if pIndTechnologyOutput == 1 or pIndTechnologyOutput == 2:
-        OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh] for eh in e2e[et] if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh and mTEPES.pRatedMaxCharge[eh]) for p,sc,n,et in mTEPES.psnet], index=mTEPES.psnet)
-        OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MW').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MW', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyConsumption_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
+        if pIndTechnologyOutput == 1 or pIndTechnologyOutput == 2:
+            OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh] for eh in e2e[et] if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh and mTEPES.pRatedMaxCharge[eh]) for p,sc,n,et in mTEPES.psnet], index=mTEPES.psnet)
+            OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MW').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MW', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyConsumption_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
+
+        OutputToFile = - pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p, sc, n, eh]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p, sc, n]() for p, sc, n, eh in mTEPES.psnehc], index=mTEPES.psnehc)
+        if pIndTechnologyOutput == 0 or pIndTechnologyOutput == 2:
+            OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0', 'level_1', 'level_2'], columns='level_3', values='GWh', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_ConsumptionEnergy_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
+
+        if pIndTechnologyOutput == 1 or pIndTechnologyOutput == 2:
+            OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OutputToFile[p, sc, n, eh] for eh in e2e[et] if (p, eh) in mTEPES.peh and mTEPES.pRatedMaxCharge[eh]) for p, sc, n, et in mTEPES.psnet], index=mTEPES.psnet)
+            OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0', 'level_1', 'level_2'], columns='level_3', values='GWh').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyConsumptionEnergy_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
+
+        if pIndPlotOutput == 1:
+            TechnologyCharge = OutputToFile.loc[:, :, :, :]
+            for p, sc in mTEPES.ps:
+                chart = AreaPlots(p, sc, TechnologyCharge, 'Technology', 'LoadLevel', 'MW', 'sum')
+                chart.save(f'{_path}/oT_Plot_TechnologyConsumption_{p}_{sc}_{CaseName}.html', embed_options={'renderer': 'svg'})
+
+        if pIndPlotOutput == 1:
+            OutputToFile *= -1.0
+            if OutputToFile.sum() < 0.0:
+                for p, sc in mTEPES.ps:
+                    chart = PiePlots(p, sc, OutputToFile, 'Technology', '%')
+                    chart.save(f'{_path}/oT_Plot_TechnologyConsumptionEnergy_{p}_{sc}_{CaseName}.html', embed_options={'renderer': 'svg'})
+
+        if sum(1 for ar in mTEPES.ar if sum(1 for eh in e2a[ar])) > 1:
+            if pIndAreaOutput == 1:
+                for ar in mTEPES.ar:
+                    if sum(1 for eh in e2a[ar] if eh in e2e[et]):
+                        sPSNET = [(p, sc, n, et) for p, sc, n, et in mTEPES.psnet if sum(1 for eh in e2a[ar] if (p, sc, n, eh) in mTEPES.psnehc and eh in e2e[et])]
+                        if sPSNET:
+                            OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(-OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p, sc, n, eh]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p, sc, n]() for eh in e2a[ar] if (p,sc,n,eh) in mTEPES.psnehc and eh in e2e[et]) for p,sc,n,et in sPSNET], index=pd.Index(sPSNET))
+                            OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0', 'level_1', 'level_2'], columns='level_3', values='GWh', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyConsumptionEnergy_{ar}_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
+
+                            if pIndPlotOutput == 1:
+                                OutputToFile *= -1.0
+                                for p, sc in mTEPES.ps:
+                                    chart = PiePlots(p, sc, OutputToFile, 'Technology', '%')
+                                    chart.save(f'{_path}/oT_Plot_TechnologyConsumptionEnergy_{p}_{sc}_{ar}_{CaseName}.html', embed_options={'renderer': 'svg'})
 
     OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vEnergyOutflows    [p,sc,n,es]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for p,sc,n,es in mTEPES.psnes], index=mTEPES.psnes)
     if pIndTechnologyOutput == 0 or pIndTechnologyOutput == 2:
@@ -722,43 +761,8 @@ def ESSOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnologyOutpu
         OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OutputToFile[p,sc,n,es] for es in o2e[ot] if (p,es) in mTEPES.pes) for p,sc,n,ot in mTEPES.psnot], index=mTEPES.psnot)
         OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='GWh', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyOutflowsEnergy_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-    OutputToFile = - pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vESSTotalCharge   [p,sc,n,eh]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc], index=mTEPES.psnehc)
-    if pIndTechnologyOutput == 0 or pIndTechnologyOutput == 2:
-        OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='GWh', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_ConsumptionEnergy_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
-
-    if pIndTechnologyOutput == 1 or pIndTechnologyOutput == 2:
-        OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OutputToFile[p,sc,n,eh] for eh in e2e[et] if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh and mTEPES.pRatedMaxCharge[eh]) for p,sc,n,et in mTEPES.psnet], index=mTEPES.psnet)
-        OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='GWh').rename_axis             (['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyConsumptionEnergy_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
-
-    if pIndPlotOutput == 1:
-        TechnologyCharge = OutputToFile.loc[:,:,:,:]
-        for p,sc in mTEPES.ps:
-            chart = AreaPlots(p, sc, TechnologyCharge, 'Technology', 'LoadLevel', 'MW', 'sum')
-            chart.save(f'{_path}/oT_Plot_TechnologyConsumption_{p}_{sc}_{CaseName}.html', embed_options={'renderer': 'svg'})
-
-    if pIndPlotOutput == 1:
-        OutputToFile *= -1.0
-        if OutputToFile.sum() < 0.0:
-            for p,sc in mTEPES.ps:
-                chart = PiePlots(p, sc, OutputToFile, 'Technology', '%')
-                chart.save(f'{_path}/oT_Plot_TechnologyConsumptionEnergy_{p}_{sc}_{CaseName}.html', embed_options={'renderer': 'svg'})
-
-    if sum(1 for ar in mTEPES.ar if sum(1 for eh in e2a[ar])) > 1:
-        if pIndAreaOutput == 1:
-            for ar in mTEPES.ar:
-                if sum(1 for eh in e2a[ar] if eh in e2e[et]):
-                    sPSNET = [(p,sc,n,et) for p,sc,n,et in mTEPES.psnet if sum(1 for eh in e2a[ar] if (p,sc,n,eh) in mTEPES.psnehc and eh in e2e[et])]
-                    if len(sPSNET):
-                        OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(-OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for eh in e2a[ar] if (p,sc,n,eh) in mTEPES.psnehc and eh in e2e[et]) for p,sc,n,et in sPSNET], index=pd.Index(sPSNET))
-                        OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='GWh', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyConsumptionEnergy_{ar}_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
-
-                        if pIndPlotOutput == 1:
-                            OutputToFile *= -1.0
-                            for p,sc in mTEPES.ps:
-                                chart = PiePlots(p, sc, OutputToFile, 'Technology', '%')
-                                chart.save(f'{_path}/oT_Plot_TechnologyConsumptionEnergy_{p}_{sc}_{ar}_{CaseName}.html', embed_options={'renderer': 'svg'})
 
-    # tolerance to consider avoid division by 0
+    # tolerance to avoid division by 0
     pEpsilon = 1e-6
 
     sPSNES = [(p,sc,n,es) for p,sc,n,es in mTEPES.ps*mTEPES.nesc if (p,es) in mTEPES.pes]
@@ -776,7 +780,7 @@ def ESSOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnologyOutpu
 
     if pIndTechnologyOutput == 1 or pIndTechnologyOutput == 2:
         sPSNESOT = [(p,sc,n,es,ot) for p,sc,n,es,ot in sPSNES*mTEPES.ot if es in o2e[ot]]
-        OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OutputToFile[p,sc,n,es] for p,sc,n,es,ot in sPSNES*mTEPES.ot if es in o2e[ot]], index=pd.Index(sPSNESOT))
+        OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OutputToFile[p,sc,n,es] for p,sc,n,es,ot in sPSNESOT], index=pd.Index(sPSNESOT))
         OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='GWh', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologySpillage_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
     OutputToFile1 = pd.Series(data=[(OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,es].ub*OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,es]() - OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,es]())*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() if es in mTEPES.ec else
@@ -815,7 +819,7 @@ def ReservoirOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndTechnolog
         if (ht,h ) in mTEPES.t2g:
             o2h[ht].append(h )
 
-    # tolerance to consider avoid division by 0
+    # tolerance to avoid division by 0
     pEpsilon = 1e-6
 
     VolumeConstraints = [(p,sc,n,rs) for p,sc,n,rs in mTEPES.ps*mTEPES.nrsc if (p,rs) in mTEPES.prs]
@@ -987,7 +991,7 @@ def NetworkH2OperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
 
         return loc_df, line_df
 
-    # tolerance to consider avoid division by 0
+    # tolerance to avoid division by 0
     pEpsilon = 1e-6
 
     p = list(mTEPES.p)[0]
@@ -1020,7 +1024,7 @@ def NetworkH2OperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
 
     # Add edges
     for ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.pa:
-        fig.add_trace(go.Scattermapbox(lon=[pos_dict[ni][0], pos_dict[nf][0]], lat=[pos_dict[ni][1], pos_dict[nf][1]], mode='lines+markers', marker=dict(size=0, showscale=True, colorbar={'title': 'Utilization [%]', 'titleside': 'top', 'thickness': 8, 'ticksuffix': '%'}, colorscale=[[0, 'lightgreen'], [1, 'darkred']], cmin=0, cmax=100,), line=dict(width=line_df.loc[(ni,nf),'width'], color=line_df.loc[(ni,nf),'color']), opacity=1, hoverinfo='text', textposition='middle center',))
+        fig.add_trace(go.Scattermapbox(lon=[pos_dict[ni][0], pos_dict[nf][0]], lat=[pos_dict[ni][1], pos_dict[nf][1]], mode='lines+markers', marker=dict(size=0, showscale=True, colorbar={'title': 'Utilization [%]', 'title_side': 'top', 'thickness': 8, 'ticksuffix': '%'}, colorscale=[[0, 'lightgreen'], [1, 'darkred']], cmin=0, cmax=100,), line=dict(width=line_df.loc[(ni,nf),'width'], color=line_df.loc[(ni,nf),'color']), opacity=1, hoverinfo='text', textposition='middle center',))
 
     # Add legends related to the lines
     fig.add_trace(go.Scattermapbox(lat=line_df['lat'], lon=line_df['lon'], mode='markers', marker=go.scattermapbox.Marker(size=20, sizeref=1.1, sizemode='area', color='LightSkyBlue',), opacity=0, hoverinfo='text', text='<br>Line: '+line_df['ni']+' → '+line_df['nf']+'<br># circuits: '+line_df['cc'].astype(str)+'<br>NTC Forward: '+line_df['NTCFrw'].astype(str)+'<br>NTC Backward: '+line_df['NTCBck'].astype(str)+'<br>Power flow: '+line_df['vFlowH2'].astype(str)+'<br>Utilization [%]: '+line_df['utilization'].astype(str),))
@@ -1111,13 +1115,13 @@ def NetworkHeatOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
     OutputToFile = pd.pivot_table(OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh'), values='GWh', index=['Period', 'Scenario'], columns=['InitialArea', 'FinalArea'], fill_value=0.0).rename_axis([None, None], axis=1)
     OutputToFile.reset_index().to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_NetworkEnergyHeatTotalPerArea_{CaseName}.csv', index=False, sep=',')
 
-    if len(mTEPES.ha):
+    if mTEPES.ha:
         OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vFlowHeat[p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]()*(mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()*mTEPES.pPeriodProb[p,sc]())*(mTEPES.pHeatPipeLength[ni,nf,cc]()*1e-3) for p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.psnha], index=mTEPES.psnha)
         OutputResults.index.names = ['Scenario', 'Period', 'LoadLevel', 'InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit']
         OutputResults = OutputResults.reset_index().groupby(['InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit']).sum(numeric_only=True)[0]
         OutputResults.to_frame(name='GWh-Mkm').rename_axis(['InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit'], axis=0).reset_index().to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_NetworkEnergyHeatTransport_{CaseName}.csv', index=False, sep=',')
 
-    # tolerance to consider avoid division by 0
+    # tolerance to avoid division by 0
     pEpsilon = 1e-6
 
     OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[max(OptModel.vFlowHeat[p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]()/(mTEPES.pHeatPipeNTCFrw[ni,nf,cc]+pEpsilon),-OptModel.vFlowHeat[p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]()/(mTEPES.pHeatPipeNTCBck[ni,nf,cc]+pEpsilon)) for p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.psnha], index=mTEPES.psnha)
@@ -1246,7 +1250,7 @@ def NetworkHeatOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
 
     # Add edges
     for ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.ha:
-        fig.add_trace(go.Scattermapbox(lon=[pos_dict[ni][0], pos_dict[nf][0]], lat=[pos_dict[ni][1], pos_dict[nf][1]], mode='lines+markers', marker=dict(size=0, showscale=True, colorbar={'title': 'Utilization [%]', 'titleside': 'top', 'thickness': 8, 'ticksuffix': '%'}, colorscale=[[0, 'lightgreen'], [1, 'darkred']], cmin=0, cmax=100,), line=dict(width=line_df.loc[(ni,nf),'width'], color=line_df.loc[(ni,nf),'color']), opacity=1, hoverinfo='text', textposition='middle center',))
+        fig.add_trace(go.Scattermapbox(lon=[pos_dict[ni][0], pos_dict[nf][0]], lat=[pos_dict[ni][1], pos_dict[nf][1]], mode='lines+markers', marker=dict(size=0, showscale=True, colorbar={'title': 'Utilization [%]', 'title_side': 'top', 'thickness': 8, 'ticksuffix': '%'}, colorscale=[[0, 'lightgreen'], [1, 'darkred']], cmin=0, cmax=100,), line=dict(width=line_df.loc[(ni,nf),'width'], color=line_df.loc[(ni,nf),'color']), opacity=1, hoverinfo='text', textposition='middle center',))
 
     # Add legends related to the lines
     fig.add_trace(go.Scattermapbox(lat=line_df['lat'], lon=line_df['lon'], mode='markers', marker=go.scattermapbox.Marker(size=20, sizeref=1.1, sizemode='area', color='LightSkyBlue',), opacity=0, hoverinfo='text', text='<br>Line: '+line_df['ni']+' → '+line_df['nf']+'<br># circuits: '+line_df['cc'].astype(str)+'<br>NTC Forward: '+line_df['NTCFrw'].astype(str)+'<br>NTC Backward: '+line_df['NTCBck'].astype(str)+'<br>Power flow: '+line_df['vFlowHeat'].astype(str)+'<br>Utilization [%]: '+line_df['utilization'].astype(str),))
@@ -1297,7 +1301,7 @@ def OperationSummaryResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
     TotalGeneration       = sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,g ]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng                 )
     FossilFuelGeneration  = sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,g ]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng if g in mTEPES.t)
     # Ratio Total Investments [%]
-    TotalInvestmentCost   = sum(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] *                                   OptModel.vTotalFCost      [p]()          for p          in mTEPES.p  if len(mTEPES.gc) + len(mTEPES.gd) + len(mTEPES.lc))
+    TotalInvestmentCost   = sum(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] *                                   OptModel.vTotalFCost      [p   ]()       for p          in mTEPES.p  if len(mTEPES.gc) + len(mTEPES.gd) + len(mTEPES.lc))
     GenInvestmentCost     = sum(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pGenInvestCost[gc]       * OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,gc]()       for p,gc       in mTEPES.pgc)
     GenRetirementCost     = sum(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pGenRetireCost[gd]       * OptModel.vGenerationRetire[p,gd]()       for p,gd       in mTEPES.pgd)
     if mTEPES.pIndHydroTopology == 1:
@@ -1306,18 +1310,18 @@ def OperationSummaryResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
         RsrInvestmentCost = 0.0
     NetInvestmentCost     = sum(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pNetFixedCost [ni,nf,cc] * OptModel.vNetworkInvest   [p,ni,nf,cc]() for p,ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.plc)
     # Ratio Generation Investment cost/ Generation Installed Capacity [MEUR-MW]
-    GenInvCostCapacity    = sum(mTEPES.pGenInvestCost[gc] * OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,gc]()/mTEPES.pRatedMaxPowerElec[gc]             for p,gc       in mTEPES.pgc if mTEPES.pRatedMaxPowerElec[gc])
+    GenInvCostCapacity    = sum(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pGenInvestCost[gc] * OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,gc]()/mTEPES.pRatedMaxPowerElec[gc] for p,gc       in mTEPES.pgc if mTEPES.pRatedMaxPowerElec[gc])
     # Ratio Additional Transmission Capacity-Length [MW-km]
     NetCapacityLength     = sum(mTEPES.pLineNTCMax[ni,nf,cc]*OptModel.vNetworkInvest[p,ni,nf,cc]()/mTEPES.pLineLength[ni,nf,cc]()        for p,ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.plc)
     # Ratio Network Investment Cost/Variable RES Injection [EUR/MWh]
-    if len(mTEPES.gc) and                            sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,gc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for p,sc,n,gc in mTEPES.psngc if gc in mTEPES.re):
+    if mTEPES.gc and sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,gc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for p,sc,n,gc in mTEPES.psngc if gc in mTEPES.re):
         NetInvCostVRESInsCap = NetInvestmentCost*1e6/sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,gc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for p,sc,n,gc in mTEPES.psngc if gc in mTEPES.re)
     else:
         NetInvCostVRESInsCap = 0.0
     # Rate of return for VRE technologies
     # warning division and multiplication
     VRETechRevenue     = sum(mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eBalanceElec_{p}_{sc}_{st}('{n}', '{nd}')"])]/mTEPES.pPeriodProb[p,sc]()/mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()*OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,gc]() for p,sc,st,n,nd,gc in mTEPES.s2n*mTEPES.nd*mTEPES.gc if gc in g2n[nd] and gc in mTEPES.re and (p,gc) in mTEPES.pgc and (p,sc,n) in mTEPES.psn and sum(1 for g in g2n[nd]) + sum(1 for nf,cc in lout[nd]) + sum(1 for ni,cc in lin[nd]))
-    VREInvCostCapacity = sum(mTEPES.pGenInvestCost[gc]*OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,gc]() for p,gc in mTEPES.pgc if gc in mTEPES.re)
+    VREInvCostCapacity = sum(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p]*mTEPES.pGenInvestCost[gc]*OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,gc]() for p,gc in mTEPES.pgc if gc in mTEPES.re)
 
     K1     = pd.Series(data={'Ratio Fossil Fuel Generation/Total Generation [%]'                       : FossilFuelGeneration / TotalGeneration    *1e2}).to_frame(name='Value')
     if GenInvestmentCost:
@@ -1357,17 +1361,17 @@ def OperationSummaryResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
     OutputResults.to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_SummaryKPIs_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',', index=True)
 
     # LCOE per technology
-    if len(mTEPES.gc):
-        GenTechInvestCost = pd.Series(data=[sum(OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,     gc]()*mTEPES.pGenInvestCost    [gc]        for p,     gc in mTEPES.pgc   if gc in g2t[gt]) for gt in mTEPES.gt], index=mTEPES.gt)
-        GenTechInjection  = pd.Series(data=[sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput     [p,sc,n,gc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n ]() for p,sc,n,gc in mTEPES.psngc if gc in g2t[gt]) for gt in mTEPES.gt], index=mTEPES.gt)
+    if mTEPES.gc:
+        GenTechInvestCost = pd.Series(data=[sum(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pGenInvestCost[gc] * OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,gc]() for p,     gc in mTEPES.pgc   if gc in g2t[gt]) for gt in mTEPES.gt], index=mTEPES.gt)
+        GenTechInjection  = pd.Series(data=[sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput     [p,sc,n,gc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n ]()                 for p,sc,n,gc in mTEPES.psngc if gc in g2t[gt]) for gt in mTEPES.gt], index=mTEPES.gt)
         GenTechInvestCost *= 1e3
         LCOE = GenTechInvestCost.div(GenTechInjection).to_frame(name='EUR/MWh')
         LCOE.rename_axis(['Technology'], axis=0).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyLCOE_{CaseName}.csv', index=True, sep=',')
 
     # LCOE per technology
-    if len(mTEPES.gb):
-        GenTechInvestCost = pd.Series(data=[sum(OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,     gb]()*mTEPES.pGenInvestCost    [gb]        for p,     gb in mTEPES.pgb   if gb in g2t[gt]) for gt in mTEPES.gt], index=mTEPES.gt)
-        GenTechInjection  = pd.Series(data=[sum(OptModel.vTotalOutputHeat [p,sc,n,gb]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n ]() for p,sc,n,gb in mTEPES.psngb if gb in g2t[gt]) for gt in mTEPES.gt], index=mTEPES.gt)
+    if mTEPES.gb:
+        GenTechInvestCost = pd.Series(data=[sum(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pGenInvestCost[gb] * OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,gb]() for p,     gb in mTEPES.pgb   if gb in g2t[gt]) for gt in mTEPES.gt], index=mTEPES.gt)
+        GenTechInjection  = pd.Series(data=[sum(OptModel.vTotalOutputHeat [p,sc,n,gb]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n ]()                 for p,sc,n,gb in mTEPES.psngb if gb in g2t[gt]) for gt in mTEPES.gt], index=mTEPES.gt)
         GenTechInvestCost *= 1e3
         LCOH = GenTechInvestCost.div(GenTechInjection).to_frame(name='EUR/MWh')
         LCOH.rename_axis(['Technology'], axis=0).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyLCOH_{CaseName}.csv', index=True, sep=',')
@@ -1388,9 +1392,9 @@ def OperationSummaryResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
     OutputToFile04 = pd.Series(data=[a2g[0][g]                                                                                                                                for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng], index=mTEPES.psng).to_frame(name='Area'                   )
     OutputToFile05 = pd.Series(data=[r2g[0][g]                                                                                                                                for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng], index=mTEPES.psng).to_frame(name='Region'                 )
     OutputToFile06 = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n  ]()                                                                                                    for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng], index=mTEPES.psng).to_frame(name='LoadLevelDuration [h]'  )
-    OutputToFile07 = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vCommitment     [p,sc,n,g]()                                                                         if g in mTEPES.nr else 0.0 for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng], index=mTEPES.psng).to_frame(name='Commitment {0,1}'       )
-    OutputToFile08 = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vStartUp        [p,sc,n,g]()                                                                         if g in mTEPES.nr else 0.0 for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng], index=mTEPES.psng).to_frame(name='StartUp {0,1}'          )
-    OutputToFile09 = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vShutDown       [p,sc,n,g]()                                                                         if g in mTEPES.nr else 0.0 for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng], index=mTEPES.psng).to_frame(name='ShutDown {0,1}'         )
+    OutputToFile07 = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vCommitment     [p,sc,n,g]()                                                                         if g in mTEPES.nr else 0   for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng], index=mTEPES.psng).to_frame(name='Commitment {0,1}'       )
+    OutputToFile08 = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vStartUp        [p,sc,n,g]()                                                                         if g in mTEPES.nr else 0   for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng], index=mTEPES.psng).to_frame(name='StartUp {0,1}'          )
+    OutputToFile09 = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vShutDown       [p,sc,n,g]()                                                                         if g in mTEPES.nr else 0   for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng], index=mTEPES.psng).to_frame(name='ShutDown {0,1}'         )
     OutputToFile10 = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vTotalOutput    [p,sc,n,g].ub                                                                                                   for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng], index=mTEPES.psng).to_frame(name='MaxPower [MW]'          )
     OutputToFile11 = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vTotalOutput    [p,sc,n,g].lb                                                                                                   for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng], index=mTEPES.psng).to_frame(name='MinPower [MW]'          )
     OutputToFile12 = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vTotalOutput    [p,sc,n,g]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()                                                                for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng], index=mTEPES.psng).to_frame(name='EnergyProduction [GWh]' )
@@ -1433,7 +1437,7 @@ def OperationSummaryResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
     OutputResults4     = pd.Series(data=[-  mTEPES.pDemandElec    [p,sc,n,nd      ]  *mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()                         for p,sc,n,nd in sPSNND], index=pd.Index(sPSNND)).to_frame(name='PowerDemand [GWh]'  )
     OutputResults5     = pd.Series(data=[-sum(OptModel.vFlowElec  [p,sc,n,nd,nf,cc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for nf,cc in lout [nd]) for p,sc,n,nd in sPSNND], index=pd.Index(sPSNND)).to_frame(name='PowerFlowOut [GWh]' )
     OutputResults6     = pd.Series(data=[ sum(OptModel.vFlowElec  [p,sc,n,ni,nd,cc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for ni,cc in lin  [nd]) for p,sc,n,nd in sPSNND], index=pd.Index(sPSNND)).to_frame(name='PowerFlowIn [GWh]'  )
-    if len(mTEPES.ll):
+    if mTEPES.ll:
         OutputResults7 = pd.Series(data=[-sum(OptModel.vLineLosses[p,sc,n,nd,nf,cc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for nf,cc in loutl[nd]) for p,sc,n,nd in sPSNND], index=pd.Index(sPSNND)).to_frame(name='LineLossesOut [GWh]')
         OutputResults8 = pd.Series(data=[-sum(OptModel.vLineLosses[p,sc,n,ni,nd,cc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for ni,cc in linl [nd]) for p,sc,n,nd in sPSNND], index=pd.Index(sPSNND)).to_frame(name='LineLossesIn [GWh]' )
 
@@ -1476,12 +1480,12 @@ def FlexibilityResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
     OutputToFile *= 1e3
     TechnologyOutput     = OutputToFile.loc[:,:,:,:]
     MeanTechnologyOutput = OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MW').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MW', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).mean()
-    NetTechnologyOutput  = pd.Series([0.0]*len(mTEPES.psngt), index=mTEPES.psngt)
+    NetTechnologyOutput  = pd.Series([0.0] * len(mTEPES.psngt), index=mTEPES.psngt)
     for p,sc,n,gt in mTEPES.psngt:
         NetTechnologyOutput[p,sc,n,gt] = TechnologyOutput[p,sc,n,gt] - MeanTechnologyOutput[gt]
     NetTechnologyOutput.to_frame(name='MW').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MW', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_FlexibilityTechnology_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-    if len(mTEPES.es):
+    if mTEPES.es:
         OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,es]() for es in o2e[ot] if (p,es) in mTEPES.pes) for p,sc,n,ot in mTEPES.psnot], index=mTEPES.psnot)
         OutputToFile *= 1e3
         ESSTechnologyOutput     = -OutputToFile.loc[:,:,:,:]
@@ -1517,7 +1521,7 @@ def NetworkOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
     StartTime = time.time()
 
     if sum(mTEPES.pIndBinLineSwitch[:, :, :]):
-        if len(mTEPES.lc):
+        if mTEPES.lc:
             OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vLineCommit  [p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]() for p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.psnla], index=mTEPES.psnla)
             OutputToFile.index.names = ['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel', 'InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit']
             OutputToFile = pd.pivot_table(OutputToFile.to_frame(name='p.u.'), values='p.u.', index=['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], columns=['InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit'], fill_value=0.0).rename_axis([None, None, None], axis=1)
@@ -1548,22 +1552,22 @@ def NetworkOperationResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
     OutputToFile = pd.pivot_table(OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh'), values='GWh', index=['Period', 'Scenario'], columns=['InitialArea', 'FinalArea'], fill_value=0.0).rename_axis([None, None], axis=1)
     OutputToFile.reset_index().to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_NetworkEnergyElecTotalPerArea_{CaseName}.csv', index=False, sep=',')
 
-    if len(mTEPES.la):
+    if mTEPES.la:
         OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vFlowElec[p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]()*(mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()*mTEPES.pPeriodProb[p,sc]())*(mTEPES.pLineLength[ni,nf,cc]()*1e-3) for p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.psnla], index=mTEPES.psnla)
         OutputResults.index.names = ['Scenario', 'Period', 'LoadLevel', 'InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit']
         OutputResults = OutputResults.reset_index().groupby(['InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit']).sum(numeric_only=True)[0]
         OutputResults.to_frame(name='GWh-Mkm').rename_axis(['InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit'], axis=0).reset_index().to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_NetworkEnergyElecTransport_{CaseName}.csv', index=False, sep=',')
 
-    # tolerance to consider avoid division by 0
+    # tolerance to avoid division by 0
     pEpsilon = 1e-6
 
-    OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[max(OptModel.vFlowElec[p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]()/(mTEPES.pLineNTCFrw[ni,nf,cc]+pEpsilon),-OptModel.vFlowElec[p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]()/(mTEPES.pLineNTCBck[ni,nf,cc]+pEpsilon)) for p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.psnla], index=mTEPES.psnla)
+    OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[max(OptModel.vFlowElec[p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]()/(mTEPES.pMaxNTCFrw[p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]+pEpsilon),-OptModel.vFlowElec[p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]()/(mTEPES.pMaxNTCBck[p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]+pEpsilon)) for p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.psnla], index=mTEPES.psnla)
     OutputToFile.index.names = ['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel', 'InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit']
     OutputToFile = pd.pivot_table(OutputToFile.to_frame(name='p.u.'), values='p.u.', index=['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], columns=['InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit'], fill_value=0.0).rename_axis([None, None, None], axis=1)
     OutputToFile.reset_index().to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_NetworkElecUtilization_{CaseName}.csv', index=False, sep=',')
 
-    if mTEPES.pIndBinNetLosses() and len(mTEPES.psnll):
-        OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vLineLosses[p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]()                    for p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.psnll], index=mTEPES.psnll)
+    if mTEPES.pIndBinNetLosses() and mTEPES.psnll:
+        OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[OptModel.vLineLosses[p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc]()*2*1e3              for p,sc,n,ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.psnll], index=mTEPES.psnll)
         OutputToFile.index.names = ['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel', 'InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit']
         OutputToFile = pd.pivot_table(OutputToFile.to_frame(name='p.u.'), values='p.u.', index=['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], columns=['InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit'], fill_value=0.0).rename_axis([None, None, None], axis=1)
         OutputToFile.reset_index().to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_NetworkLosses_{CaseName}.csv', index=False, sep=',')
@@ -1649,7 +1653,7 @@ def MarginalResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndPlotOutput):
     OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pEmissionRate[g] for p,sc,n,ar,g in sPSNARG], index=pd.Index(sPSNARG))
     OutputToFile.to_frame(name='tCO2/MWh').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2','level_3'], columns='level_4', values='tCO2/MWh').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel', 'Area'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_GenerationIncrementalEmission_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-    #%% outputting the LSRMC
+    #%% outputting the LSRMC of electricity
     sPSSTNND      = [(p,sc,st,n,nd) for p,sc,st,n,nd in mTEPES.s2n*mTEPES.nd if sum(1 for g in g2n[nd]) + sum(1 for nf,cc in lout[nd]) + sum(1 for ni,cc in lin[nd]) and (p,sc,n) in mTEPES.psn]
     OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eBalanceElec_{p}_{sc}_{st}('{n}', '{nd}')"])]/mTEPES.pPeriodProb[p,sc]()/mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for p,sc,st,n,nd in sPSSTNND], index=pd.Index(sPSSTNND))
     OutputResults *= 1e3
@@ -1706,33 +1710,33 @@ def MarginalResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndPlotOutput):
                 chart.save(f'{_path}/oT_Plot_NetworkSRMCHeat_{p}_{sc}_{CaseName}.html', embed_options={'renderer': 'svg'})
 
     if sum(mTEPES.pReserveMargin[:,:]):
-        if len(mTEPES.gc):
+        if mTEPES.gc:
             sPSSTAR           = [(p,sc,st,ar) for p,sc,st,ar in mTEPES.ps*mTEPES.st*mTEPES.ar if mTEPES.pReserveMargin[p,ar] and st == mTEPES.Last_st and sum(1 for g in mTEPES.g if g in g2a[ar]) and (p,sc,n) in mTEPES.psn and sum(mTEPES.pRatedMaxPowerElec[g] * mTEPES.pAvailability[g]() / (1.0-mTEPES.pEFOR[g]) for g in mTEPES.g if g in g2a[ar] and g not in (mTEPES.gc or mTEPES.gd)) <= mTEPES.pDemandElecPeak[p,ar] * mTEPES.pReserveMargin[p,ar]]
-            if len(sPSSTAR):
+            if sPSSTAR:
                 OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eAdequacyReserveMarginElec_{p}_{sc}_{st}{ar}"])] for p,sc,st,ar in sPSSTAR], index=pd.Index(sPSSTAR))
                 OutputResults.to_frame(name='RM').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1'], columns='level_3', values='RM').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_MarginalReserveMargin_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
     if mTEPES.pIndHeat == 1:
         if sum(mTEPES.pReserveMarginHeat[:,:]):
-            if len(mTEPES.gc):
+            if mTEPES.gc:
                 sPSSTAR           = [(p,sc,st,ar) for p,sc,st,ar in mTEPES.ps*mTEPES.st*mTEPES.ar if mTEPES.pReserveMarginHeat[p,ar] and st == mTEPES.Last_st and sum(1 for g in mTEPES.g if g in g2a[ar]) and (p,sc,n) in mTEPES.psn and sum(mTEPES.pRatedMaxPowerHeat[g] * mTEPES.pAvailability[g]() / (1.0-mTEPES.pEFOR[g]) for g in mTEPES.g if g in g2a[ar] and g not in (mTEPES.gc or mTEPES.gd)) <= mTEPES.pDemandHeatPeak[p,ar] * mTEPES.pReserveMarginHeat[p,ar]]
-                if len(sPSSTAR):
+                if sPSSTAR:
                     OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eAdequacyReserveMarginHeat_{p}_{sc}_{st}{ar}"])] for p,sc,st,ar in sPSSTAR], index=pd.Index(sPSSTAR))
                     OutputResults.to_frame(name='RM').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1'], columns='level_3', values='RM').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_MarginalReserveMarginHeat_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
     sPSSTAR           = [(p,sc,st,ar) for p,sc,st,ar in mTEPES.ps*mTEPES.st*mTEPES.ar if mTEPES.pEmission[p,ar] < math.inf and st == mTEPES.Last_st and (p,sc,n) in mTEPES.psn and sum(mTEPES.pEmissionVarCost[p,sc,na,g] for na,g in mTEPES.na*mTEPES.g if (ar,g) in mTEPES.a2g)]
-    if len(sPSSTAR):
+    if sPSSTAR:
         OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eMaxSystemEmission_{p}_{sc}_{st}{ar}"])] for p,sc,st,ar in sPSSTAR], index=pd.Index(sPSSTAR))
         OutputResults.to_frame(name='EM').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1'], columns='level_3', values='EM').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_MarginalEmission_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
     sPSSTAR           = [(p,sc,st,ar) for p,sc,st,ar in mTEPES.ps*mTEPES.st*mTEPES.ar if mTEPES.pRESEnergy[p,ar] and st == mTEPES.Last_st and (p,sc,n) in mTEPES.psn]
-    if len(sPSSTAR):
+    if sPSSTAR:
         OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eMinSystemRESEnergy_{p}_{sc}_{st}{ar}"])] for p,sc,st,ar in sPSSTAR], index=pd.Index(sPSSTAR))
         OutputResults *= 1e-3*sum(mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,na]() for na in mTEPES.na)
         OutputResults.to_frame(name='RES').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1'], columns='level_3', values='RES').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_MarginalRESEnergy_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
     #%% outputting the up operating reserve marginal
-    if sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveUp[:,:,:,:]) and sum(1 for ar,nr in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nr if nr in n2a[ar] and mTEPES.pIndOperReserve[nr] == 0) + sum(1 for ar,es in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.es if es in e2a[ar] if mTEPES.pIndOperReserve[es] == 0):
+    if sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveUp[:,:,:,:]) and sum(1 for ar,nr in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nr if nr in n2a[ar] and (mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[nr] == 0 or mTEPES.pIndOperReserveCon[nr] == 0)) + sum(1 for ar,es in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.es if es in e2a[ar] if (mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[es] == 0 or mTEPES.pIndOperReserveCon[es] == 0)):
         sPSSTNAR      = [(p,sc,st,n,ar) for p,sc,st,n,ar in mTEPES.s2n*mTEPES.ar if mTEPES.pOperReserveUp[p,sc,n,ar] and sum(1 for nr in n2a[ar]) + sum(1 for es in e2a[ar]) and (p,sc,n) in mTEPES.psn]
         OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eOperReserveUp_{p}_{sc}_{st}('{n}', '{ar}')"])] for p,sc,st,n,ar in sPSSTNAR], index=pd.Index(sPSSTNAR))
         OutputResults *= 1e3
@@ -1745,7 +1749,7 @@ def MarginalResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndPlotOutput):
                 chart.save(f'{_path}/oT_Plot_MarginalOperatingReserveUpward_{p}_{sc}_{CaseName}.html', embed_options={'renderer': 'svg'})
 
     #%% outputting the down operating reserve marginal
-    if sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveDw[:,:,:,:]) and sum(1 for ar,nr in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nr if nr in n2a[ar] if mTEPES.pIndOperReserve[nr] == 0) + sum(1 for ar,es in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.es if es in e2a[ar] if mTEPES.pIndOperReserve[es] == 0):
+    if sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveDw[:,:,:,:]) and sum(1 for ar,nr in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nr if nr in n2a[ar] if (mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[nr] == 0 or mTEPES.pIndOperReserveCon[nr] == 0)) + sum(1 for ar,es in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.es if es in e2a[ar] if (mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[es] == 0 or mTEPES.pIndOperReserveCon[nr] == 0)):
         sPSSTNAR      = [(p,sc,st,n,ar) for p,sc,st,n,ar in mTEPES.s2n*mTEPES.ar if mTEPES.pOperReserveDw[p,sc,n,ar] and sum(1 for nr in n2a[ar]) + sum(1 for es in e2a[ar]) and (p,sc,n) in mTEPES.psn]
         OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eOperReserveDw_{p}_{sc}_{st}('{n}', '{ar}')"])] for p,sc,st,n,ar in sPSSTNAR], index=pd.Index(sPSSTNAR))
         OutputResults *= 1e3
@@ -1758,7 +1762,7 @@ def MarginalResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndPlotOutput):
                 chart.save(f'{_path}/oT_Plot_MarginalOperatingReserveDownward_{p}_{sc}_{CaseName}.html', embed_options={'renderer': 'svg'})
 
     #%% outputting the water values
-    if len(mTEPES.es):
+    if mTEPES.es:
         OutputResults = []
         sPSSTNES      = [(p,sc,st,n,es) for p,sc,st,n,es in mTEPES.ps*mTEPES.st*mTEPES.nesc if (p,es) in mTEPES.pes and (p,sc,st,n) in mTEPES.s2n and (p,sc,n) in mTEPES.psn and (mTEPES.pTotalMaxCharge[es] or mTEPES.pTotalEnergyInflows[es])]
         OutputToFile  = pd.Series(data=[abs(mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eESSInventory_{p}_{sc}_{st}('{n}', '{es}')"])])*1e3 for p,sc,st,n,es in sPSSTNES], index=pd.Index(sPSSTNES))
@@ -1804,7 +1808,7 @@ def ReliabilityResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
     pDemandElec    = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDemandElec[p,sc,n,nd] for p,sc,n,nd in mTEPES.psnnd ], index=mTEPES.psnnd).sort_index()
     ExistCapacity  = [(p,sc,n,g) for p,sc,n,g in mTEPES.psng if g not in mTEPES.gc]
     pExistMaxPower = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pMaxPowerElec[p,sc,n,g ] for p,sc,n,g  in ExistCapacity], index=pd.Index(ExistCapacity))
-    if len(mTEPES.gc):
+    if mTEPES.gc:
         CandCapacity  = [(p,sc,n,gc) for p,sc,n,gc in mTEPES.psngc]
         pCandMaxPower = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pMaxPowerElec[p,sc,n,g ] * OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,g]() for p,sc,n,g in CandCapacity], index=pd.Index(CandCapacity))
         pMaxPowerElec = pd.concat([pExistMaxPower, pCandMaxPower])
@@ -1813,7 +1817,7 @@ def ReliabilityResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
     pMaxPowerElec = pMaxPowerElec.sort_index()
 
     # Determination of the net demand
-    if len(mTEPES.re):
+    if mTEPES.re:
         OutputToFile1 = pd.Series(data=[sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,re]() for rt in mTEPES.rt for re in r2r[rt] if (nd,re) in mTEPES.n2g and (p,re) in mTEPES.pre) for p,sc,n,nd in mTEPES.psnnd], index=mTEPES.psnnd)
     else:
         OutputToFile1 = pd.Series(data=[0.0                                                                                                                             for p,sc,n,nd in mTEPES.psnnd], index=mTEPES.psnnd)
@@ -1880,7 +1884,7 @@ def EconomicResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndAreaOutput, pIndPlo
     _path = os.path.join(DirName, CaseName)
     StartTime = time.time()
 
-    # %%  Power balance per period, scenario, and load level
+    # %% Power balance per period, scenario, and load level
     # incoming and outgoing lines (lin) (lout)
     lin   = defaultdict(list)
     linl  = defaultdict(list)
@@ -1932,12 +1936,18 @@ def EconomicResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndAreaOutput, pIndPlo
     for gt,g in mTEPES.t2g:
         g2t[gt].append(g)
 
+    # nodes to area (d2a)
+    d2a = defaultdict(list)
+    for ar,nd in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nd:
+        if (nd,ar) in mTEPES.ndar:
+            d2a[ar].append(nd)
+
     if sum(1 for ar in mTEPES.ar if sum(1 for g in g2a[ar])) > 1:
         if pIndAreaOutput == 1:
             for ar in mTEPES.ar:
                 if sum(1 for g in g2a[ar] if g in g2t[gt]):
                     sPSNGT = [(p,sc,n,gt) for p,sc,n,gt in mTEPES.psngt if sum(1 for g in g2a[ar] if (p,g) in mTEPES.pg and g in g2t[gt])]
-                    if len(sPSNGT):
+                    if sPSNGT:
                         OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,g]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for g in g2a[ar] if (p,g) in mTEPES.pg and g in g2t[gt]) for p,sc,n,gt in sPSNGT], index=pd.Index(sPSNGT))
                         OutputToFile.to_frame(name='GWh').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='GWh', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_TechnologyGenerationEnergy_{ar}_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
@@ -1952,17 +1962,16 @@ def EconomicResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndAreaOutput, pIndPlo
     sPSNARNDET = [(p,sc,n,ar,nd,et) for p,sc,n,ar,nd,et in sPSNARND*mTEPES.et     if sum(1 for eh in e2e[et] if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh)                                      and (nd,ar) in mTEPES.ndar]
 
     OutputResults01     = pd.Series(data=[ sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,nr      ]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for nr in g2n[nd] if (p,nr) in mTEPES.pnr and nr in g2t[gt] and nr not in mTEPES.eh) for p,sc,n,ar,nd,gt in sPSNARNDGT], index=pd.Index(sPSNARNDGT)).to_frame(name='Generation'     ).reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2','level_3','level_4'], columns='level_5', values='Generation' , aggfunc='sum')
-    if len(mTEPES.re):
+    if mTEPES.re:
         OutputResults02 = pd.Series(data=[ sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,re      ]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for re in r2n[nd] if (p,re) in mTEPES.pre and re in r2r[rt]                        ) for p,sc,n,ar,nd,rt in sPSNARNDRT], index=pd.Index(sPSNARNDRT)).to_frame(name='Generation'     ).reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2','level_3','level_4'], columns='level_5', values='Generation' , aggfunc='sum')
-    if len(mTEPES.eh):
+    if mTEPES.eh:
         OutputResults03 = pd.Series(data=[ sum(OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,eh      ]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for eh in e2n[nd] if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh and eh in e2e[et]                        ) for p,sc,n,ar,nd,et in sPSNARNDET], index=pd.Index(sPSNARNDET)).to_frame(name='Generation'     ).reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2','level_3','level_4'], columns='level_5', values='Generation' , aggfunc='sum')
         OutputResults04 = pd.Series(data=[-sum(OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh      ]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for eh in e2n[nd] if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh and eh in e2e[et]                        ) for p,sc,n,ar,nd,et in sPSNARNDET], index=pd.Index(sPSNARNDET)).to_frame(name='Consumption'    ).reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2','level_3','level_4'], columns='level_5', values='Consumption', aggfunc='sum').rename(columns={et: et+str(' -') for et in mTEPES.et})
     OutputResults05     = pd.Series(data=[     OptModel.vENS           [p,sc,n,nd      ]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()                                                                                      for p,sc,n,ar,nd    in sPSNARND  ], index=pd.Index(sPSNARND  )).to_frame(name='EnergyNotServed')
     OutputResults06     = pd.Series(data=[-  mTEPES.pDemandElec        [p,sc,n,nd      ]  *mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()                                                                                      for p,sc,n,ar,nd    in sPSNARND  ], index=pd.Index(sPSNARND  )).to_frame(name='EnergyDemand'   )
     OutputResults07     = pd.Series(data=[-sum(OptModel.vFlowElec      [p,sc,n,nd,nf,cc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for nf,cc in lout [nd])                                                              for p,sc,n,ar,nd    in sPSNARND  ], index=pd.Index(sPSNARND  )).to_frame(name='EnergyFlowOut'  )
     OutputResults08     = pd.Series(data=[ sum(OptModel.vFlowElec      [p,sc,n,ni,nd,cc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for ni,cc in lin  [nd])                                                              for p,sc,n,ar,nd    in sPSNARND  ], index=pd.Index(sPSNARND  )).to_frame(name='EnergyFlowIn'   )
-    # OutputResults09   = pd.Series(data=[ ar                                                                                  for ar in mTEPES.ar                                                                  for p,sc,n,ar,nd    in sPSNARND  ], index=pd.Index(sPSNARND  )).to_frame(name='Area'           )
-    if len(mTEPES.ll):
+    if mTEPES.ll:
         OutputResults09 = pd.Series(data=[-sum(OptModel.vLineLosses    [p,sc,n,nd,nf,cc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for nf,cc in loutl[nd])                                                              for p,sc,n,ar,nd    in sPSNARND  ], index=pd.Index(sPSNARND  )).to_frame(name='LineLossesOut'  )
         OutputResults10 = pd.Series(data=[-sum(OptModel.vLineLosses    [p,sc,n,ni,nd,cc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for ni,cc in linl [nd])                                                              for p,sc,n,ar,nd    in sPSNARND  ], index=pd.Index(sPSNARND  )).to_frame(name='LineLossesIn'   )
 
@@ -1990,6 +1999,56 @@ def EconomicResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndAreaOutput, pIndPlo
     OutputResults.stack().reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'          ,'level_5'], columns='level_4', values=0, aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel', 'Technology'  ], axis=0).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_BalanceEnergyPerNode_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
     OutputResults.stack().reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1'                    ,'level_5'], columns='level_3', values=0, aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario'             , 'Technology'  ], axis=0).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_BalanceEnergyPerArea_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
+    #%% outputting the demand and the LSRMC of electricity
+    sPSSTNND      = [(p,sc,st,n,ar,nd) for p,sc,st,n,ar,nd in mTEPES.s2n*mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nd if nd in d2a[ar] and sum(1 for g in g2n[nd]) + sum(1 for nf,cc in lout[nd]) + sum(1 for ni,cc in lin[nd]) and (p,sc,n) in mTEPES.psn]
+
+    OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eBalanceElec_{p}_{sc}_{st}('{n}', '{nd}')"])]/mTEPES.pPeriodProb[p,sc]()/mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for p,sc,st,n,ar,nd in sPSSTNND], index=pd.Index(sPSSTNND))
+    OutputResults *= 1e3
+    OutputResults.index = [idx[:2] + idx[3:] for idx in OutputResults.index]
+
+    #%% outputting the generator power output
+    sPSNARNDNR = [(p,sc,n,ar,nd,nr) for p,sc,n,ar,nd,nr in mTEPES.psnar*mTEPES.nd*mTEPES.nr if nr in g2n[nd] and sum(1 for nf,cc in lout[nd]) + sum(1 for ni,cc in lin[nd]) and (nd,ar) in mTEPES.ndar and (p,nr) in mTEPES.pnr and nr not in mTEPES.eh]
+    sPSNARNDRE = [(p,sc,n,ar,nd,re) for p,sc,n,ar,nd,re in mTEPES.psnar*mTEPES.nd*mTEPES.re if re in g2n[nd] and sum(1 for nf,cc in lout[nd]) + sum(1 for ni,cc in lin[nd]) and (nd,ar) in mTEPES.ndar and (p,re) in mTEPES.pre                        ]
+    sPSNARNDEH = [(p,sc,n,ar,nd,eh) for p,sc,n,ar,nd,eh in mTEPES.psnar*mTEPES.nd*mTEPES.eh if eh in g2n[nd] and sum(1 for nf,cc in lout[nd]) + sum(1 for ni,cc in lin[nd]) and (nd,ar) in mTEPES.ndar and (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh                        ]
+
+    OutputResults01     = pd.Series(data=[    OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,nr      ]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()                         for p,sc,n,ar,nd,nr in sPSNARNDNR], index=pd.Index(sPSNARNDNR)).to_frame(name='Generation'     ).reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2','level_3','level_4'], columns='level_5', values='Generation' , aggfunc='sum')
+    if mTEPES.re:
+        OutputResults02 = pd.Series(data=[    OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,re      ]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()                         for p,sc,n,ar,nd,re in sPSNARNDRE], index=pd.Index(sPSNARNDRE)).to_frame(name='Generation'     ).reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2','level_3','level_4'], columns='level_5', values='Generation' , aggfunc='sum')
+    if mTEPES.eh:
+        OutputResults03 = pd.Series(data=[    OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,eh      ]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()                         for p,sc,n,ar,nd,eh in sPSNARNDEH], index=pd.Index(sPSNARNDEH)).to_frame(name='Generation'     ).reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2','level_3','level_4'], columns='level_5', values='Generation' , aggfunc='sum')
+        OutputResults04 = pd.Series(data=[   -OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh      ]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()                         for p,sc,n,ar,nd,eh in sPSNARNDEH], index=pd.Index(sPSNARNDEH)).to_frame(name='Consumption'    ).reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2','level_3','level_4'], columns='level_5', values='Consumption', aggfunc='sum').rename(columns={et: et+str(' -') for et in mTEPES.et})
+    OutputResults05     = pd.Series(data=[    OptModel.vENS           [p,sc,n,nd      ]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()                         for p,sc,n,ar,nd    in sPSNARND  ], index=pd.Index(sPSNARND  )).to_frame(name='EnergyNotServed')
+    OutputResults06     = pd.Series(data=[   -mTEPES.pDemandElec      [p,sc,n,nd      ]  *mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()                         for p,sc,n,ar,nd    in sPSNARND  ], index=pd.Index(sPSNARND  )).to_frame(name='EnergyDemand'   )
+    OutputResults08     = pd.Series(data=[sum(OptModel.vFlowElec      [p,sc,n,ni,nd,cc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for ni,cc in lin  [nd]) for p,sc,n,ar,nd    in sPSNARND  ], index=pd.Index(sPSNARND  )).to_frame(name='EnergyFlowIn'   )
+    if mTEPES.ll:
+        OutputResults09 = pd.Series(data=[-sum(OptModel.vLineLosses   [p,sc,n,nd,nf,cc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for nf,cc in loutl[nd]) for p,sc,n,ar,nd    in sPSNARND  ], index=pd.Index(sPSNARND  )).to_frame(name='LineLossesOut'  )
+        OutputResults10 = pd.Series(data=[-sum(OptModel.vLineLosses   [p,sc,n,ni,nd,cc]()*mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() for ni,cc in linl [nd]) for p,sc,n,ar,nd    in sPSNARND  ], index=pd.Index(sPSNARND  )).to_frame(name='LineLossesIn'   )
+
+    if   len(mTEPES.eh) >  0 and len(mTEPES.ll) == 0:
+        MarketResultsDem = pd.concat([OutputResults04, OutputResults06                                  ], axis=1)
+    elif len(mTEPES.eh) >  0 and len(mTEPES.ll) >  0:
+        MarketResultsDem = pd.concat([OutputResults04, OutputResults06, OutputResults09, OutputResults10], axis=1)
+    elif len(mTEPES.eh) == 0 and len(mTEPES.ll) >  0:
+        MarketResultsDem = pd.concat([                 OutputResults06, OutputResults09, OutputResults10], axis=1)
+    elif len(mTEPES.eh) == 0 and len(mTEPES.ll) >  0:
+        MarketResultsDem = pd.concat([                 OutputResults06, OutputResults09, OutputResults10], axis=1)
+
+    if   len(mTEPES.eh) >  0 and len(mTEPES.re) >  0:
+        MarketResultsGen = pd.concat([OutputResults01, OutputResults02, OutputResults03], axis=1)
+    elif len(mTEPES.eh) == 0 and len(mTEPES.re) >  0:
+        MarketResultsGen = pd.concat([OutputResults01, OutputResults02,                ], axis=1)
+    elif len(mTEPES.eh) >  0 and len(mTEPES.re) == 0:
+        MarketResultsGen = pd.concat([OutputResults01,                  OutputResults03], axis=1)
+    elif len(mTEPES.eh) == 0 and len(mTEPES.re) == 0:
+        MarketResultsGen = pd.concat([OutputResults01,                                 ], axis=1)
+
+    MarketResultsDem *= -1e3
+    MarketResultsDem = pd.concat([MarketResultsDem.sum(axis=1), OutputResults], axis=1)
+    MarketResultsDem.stack().reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2','level_3','level_4'], columns='level_5', values=0, aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel', 'Area', 'Node'], axis=0).rename(columns={0: 'Demand', 1: 'LSRMC'}, inplace=False).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_MarketResultsDemand_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
+
+    MarketResultsGen *= 1e3
+    MarketResultsGen.stack().reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2','level_3','level_4','level_5']).rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel', 'Area', 'Node', 'Generator'], axis=0).rename(columns={0: 'Generation'}, inplace=False).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_MarketResultsGeneration_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
+
     # df=OutputResults.stack().rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel', 'Area', 'Node', 'Technology'], axis=0).reset_index()
     # df['AreaFin'] = df['Area']
     # df['NodeFin'] = df['Node']
@@ -1999,23 +2058,23 @@ def EconomicResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndAreaOutput, pIndPlo
                                     mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pConstantVarCost[p,sc,n,nr] * OptModel.vCommitment [p,sc,n,nr]() +
                                     mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight  [p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pStartUpCost    [       nr] * OptModel.vStartUp    [p,sc,n,nr]() +
                                     mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight  [p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pShutDownCost   [       nr] * OptModel.vShutDown   [p,sc,n,nr]()) for p,sc,n,nr in mTEPES.psnnr if (p,nr) in mTEPES.pnr], index=mTEPES.psnnr)
-    if len(mTEPES.psnnr):
+    if mTEPES.psnnr:
         OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MEUR').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MEUR', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_GenerationCostOperation_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-    if len(mTEPES.re):
+    if mTEPES.re:
         OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pLinearOMCost [re] * OptModel.vTotalOutput [p,sc,n,re]() for p,sc,n,re in mTEPES.psnre if (p,re) in mTEPES.pre], index=mTEPES.psnre)
         OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MEUR').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MEUR', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_GenerationCostOandM_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-    if len(mTEPES.nr):
+    if mTEPES.nr:
         if sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveUp[:,:,:,:]) + sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveDw[:,:,:,:]):
             OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pOperReserveCost[nr] * OptModel.vReserveUp  [p,sc,n,nr]() +
                                             mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pOperReserveCost[nr] * OptModel.vReserveDown[p,sc,n,nr]()) for p,sc,n,nr in mTEPES.psnnr if (p,nr) in mTEPES.pnr], index=mTEPES.psnnr)
             OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MEUR').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MEUR', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_GenerationCostOperatingReserve_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-    if len(mTEPES.eh):
+    if mTEPES.psnehc:
         OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[ mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pLinearVarCost[p,sc,n,eh] * OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]() for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh], index=mTEPES.psnehc)
         OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MEUR').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MEUR', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_ConsumptionCostOperation_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
-        if sum(mTEPES.pIndOperReserve[eh] for eh in mTEPES.eh if mTEPES.pIndOperReserve[eh] == 0):
+        if sum(mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[eh] for eh in mTEPES.eh if mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[eh] == 0) + sum(mTEPES.pIndOperReserveCon[eh] for eh in mTEPES.eh if mTEPES.pIndOperReserveCon[eh] == 0):
             OutputToFile = pd.Series(data=[(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pOperReserveCost[eh] * OptModel.vESSReserveUp  [p,sc,n,eh]() +
                                             mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pOperReserveCost[eh] * OptModel.vESSReserveDown[p,sc,n,eh]()) for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh], index=mTEPES.psnehc)
             OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MEUR').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_2'], columns='level_3', values='MEUR', aggfunc='sum').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_ConsumptionCostOperatingReserve_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
@@ -2036,48 +2095,51 @@ def EconomicResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndAreaOutput, pIndPlo
         if pIndAreaOutput == 1:
             for ar in mTEPES.ar:
                 if sum(1 for g in g2a[ar]):
-                    OutputResults1 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=[(p,sc,'Generation Operation Cost'         ) for p,sc in mTEPES.ps])
-                    OutputResults2 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=[(p,sc,'Generation Operating Reserve Cost' ) for p,sc in mTEPES.ps])
-                    OutputResults3 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=[(p,sc,'Generation O&M Cost'               ) for p,sc in mTEPES.ps])
-                    OutputResults4 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=[(p,sc,'Consumption Operation Cost'        ) for p,sc in mTEPES.ps])
-                    OutputResults5 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=[(p,sc,'Consumption Operating Reserve Cost') for p,sc in mTEPES.ps])
-                    OutputResults6 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=[(p,sc,'Emission Cost'                     ) for p,sc in mTEPES.ps])
-                    OutputResults7 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=[(p,sc,'Reliability Cost'                  ) for p,sc in mTEPES.ps])
-                    if len(mTEPES.nr):
-                        sPSNNR = [(p,sc,n,nr) for p,sc,n,nr in mTEPES.psnnr if nr in n2a[ar]]
-                        sPSNG  = [(p,sc,n,g ) for p,sc,n,g  in mTEPES.psng  if g  in g2a[ar]]
-                        if len(sPSNNR):
-                            OutputResults1 = pd.Series(data=[(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pLinearVarCost  [p,sc,n,nr] * OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,nr]() +
-                                                              mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pConstantVarCost[p,sc,n,nr] * OptModel.vCommitment [p,sc,n,nr]() +
-                                                              mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight  [p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pStartUpCost    [       nr] * OptModel.vStartUp    [p,sc,n,nr]() +
-                                                              mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight  [p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pShutDownCost   [       nr] * OptModel.vShutDown   [p,sc,n,nr]()) for p,sc,n,nr in sPSNNR if (p,nr) in mTEPES.pnr], index=pd.Index(sPSNNR))
-                            OutputResults1 = Transformation1(OutputResults1, 'Generation Operation Cost')
-                            OutputResults6 = pd.Series(data=[ mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pEmissionVarCost[p,sc,n,g ] * OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,g ]()  for p,sc,n,g  in sPSNG  if (p,g ) in mTEPES.pg ], index=pd.Index(sPSNG ))
-                            OutputResults6 = Transformation1(OutputResults6, 'Emission Cost')
-
+                    OutputResults1 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=pd.Index([(p,sc,'Generation Operation Cost'         ) for p,sc in mTEPES.ps]))
+                    OutputResults2 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=pd.Index([(p,sc,'Generation Operating Reserve Cost' ) for p,sc in mTEPES.ps]))
+                    OutputResults3 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=pd.Index([(p,sc,'Generation O&M Cost'               ) for p,sc in mTEPES.ps]))
+                    OutputResults4 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=pd.Index([(p,sc,'Consumption Operation Cost'        ) for p,sc in mTEPES.ps]))
+                    OutputResults5 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=pd.Index([(p,sc,'Consumption Operating Reserve Cost') for p,sc in mTEPES.ps]))
+                    OutputResults6 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=pd.Index([(p,sc,'Emission Cost'                     ) for p,sc in mTEPES.ps]))
+                    OutputResults7 = pd.DataFrame(data={'MEUR': [0.0]}, index=pd.Index([(p,sc,'Reliability Cost'                  ) for p,sc in mTEPES.ps]))
+
+                    if mTEPES.nr:
+                        sPSNNR = [(p,sc,n,nr) for p,sc,n,nr in mTEPES.psnnr if nr in n2a[ar] and (p,nr) in mTEPES.pnr]
+                        if sPSNNR:
+                            OutputResults1 =     pd.Series(data=[(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pLinearVarCost  [p,sc,n,nr] * OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,nr]() +
+                                                                  mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pConstantVarCost[p,sc,n,nr] * OptModel.vCommitment [p,sc,n,nr]() +
+                                                                  mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight  [p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pStartUpCost    [       nr] * OptModel.vStartUp    [p,sc,n,nr]() +
+                                                                  mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight  [p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pShutDownCost   [       nr] * OptModel.vShutDown   [p,sc,n,nr]()) for p,sc,n,nr in sPSNNR], index=pd.Index(sPSNNR))
+                            OutputResults1 =     Transformation1(OutputResults1, 'Generation Operation Cost')
                             if sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveUp[:,:,:,:]) + sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveDw[:,:,:,:]):
-                                OutputResults2 = pd.Series(data=[(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pOperReserveCost[nr] * OptModel.vReserveUp  [p,sc,n,nr]() +
-                                                                  mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pOperReserveCost[nr] * OptModel.vReserveDown[p,sc,n,nr]()) for p,sc,n,nr in sPSNNR if (p,nr) in mTEPES.pnr], index=pd.Index(sPSNNR))
+                                OutputResults2 = pd.Series(data=[(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight  [p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pOperReserveCost[       nr] * OptModel.vReserveUp  [p,sc,n,nr]() +
+                                                                  mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight  [p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pOperReserveCost[       nr] * OptModel.vReserveDown[p,sc,n,nr]()) for p,sc,n,nr in sPSNNR], index=pd.Index(sPSNNR))
                                 OutputResults2 = Transformation1(OutputResults2, 'Generation Operating Reserve Cost')
 
-                    if len(mTEPES.re):
-                        sPSNRE = [(p,sc,n,re) for p,sc,n,re in mTEPES.psnre if re in g2a[ar]]
-                        if len(sPSNRE):
-                            OutputResults3 =     pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pLinearOMCost [re] * OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,re]() for p,sc,n,re in sPSNRE if (p,re) in mTEPES.pre], index=pd.Index(sPSNRE))
+                    if mTEPES.g :
+                        sPSNG  = [(p,sc,n,g ) for p,sc,n,g  in mTEPES.psng  if g  in g2a[ar] and (p,g ) in mTEPES.pg ]
+                        if sPSNG:
+                            OutputResults6 = pd.Series(data=[ mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pEmissionVarCost[p,sc,n,g ] * OptModel.vTotalOutput[p,sc,n,g ]() for p,sc,n,g in sPSNG], index=pd.Index(sPSNG))
+                            OutputResults6 = Transformation1(OutputResults6, 'Emission Cost')
+
+                    if mTEPES.re:
+                        sPSNRE = [(p,sc,n,re) for p,sc,n,re in mTEPES.psnre if re in g2a[ar] and (p,re) in mTEPES.pre]
+                        if sPSNRE:
+                            OutputResults3 =     pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pLinearOMCost [re] * OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,re]() for p,sc,n,re in sPSNRE], index=pd.Index(sPSNRE))
                             OutputResults3 =     Transformation1(OutputResults3, 'Generation O&M Cost')
 
-                    if len(mTEPES.eh):
-                        sPSNES = [(p,sc,n,eh) for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc if eh in g2a[ar]]
-                        if len(sPSNES):
-                            OutputResults4 =     pd.Series(data=[ mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pLinearVarCost  [p,sc,n,eh] * OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]()  for p,sc,n,eh in sPSNES if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh], index=pd.Index(sPSNES))
+                    if mTEPES.eh:
+                        sPSNES = [(p,sc,n,eh) for p,sc,n,eh in mTEPES.psnehc if eh in g2a[ar] and (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh]
+                        if sPSNES:
+                            OutputResults4 =     pd.Series(data=[ mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pLinearVarCost  [p,sc,n,eh] * OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]()  for p,sc,n,eh in sPSNES], index=pd.Index(sPSNES))
                             OutputResults4 =     Transformation1(OutputResults4, 'Consumption Operation Cost')
-                            if sum(mTEPES.pIndOperReserve[eh] for eh in mTEPES.eh if mTEPES.pIndOperReserve[eh] == 0):
+                            if sum(mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[eh] for eh in mTEPES.eh if mTEPES.pIndOperReserveCon[eh] == 0) + sum(mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[eh] for eh in mTEPES.eh if mTEPES.pIndOperReserveCon[eh] == 0):
                                 OutputResults5 = pd.Series(data=[(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight  [p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pOperReserveCost[       eh] * OptModel.vESSReserveUp  [p,sc,n,eh]() +
-                                                                  mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight  [p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pOperReserveCost[       eh] * OptModel.vESSReserveDown[p,sc,n,eh]()) for p,sc,n,eh in sPSNES if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh], index=pd.Index(sPSNES))
+                                                                  mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight  [p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pOperReserveCost[       eh] * OptModel.vESSReserveDown[p,sc,n,eh]()) for p,sc,n,eh in sPSNES], index=pd.Index(sPSNES))
                                 OutputResults5 = Transformation1(OutputResults5, 'Consumption Operating Reserve Cost')
 
                     sPSNND = [(p,sc,n,nd) for p,sc,n,nd in mTEPES.psnnd if (nd,ar) in mTEPES.ndar]
-                    if len(sPSNND):
+                    if sPSNND:
                         OutputResults7 =         pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pENSCost()           * OptModel.vENS        [p,sc,n,nd]() for p,sc,n,nd in sPSNND], index=pd.Index(sPSNND))
                         OutputResults7 =         Transformation1(OutputResults7, 'Reliability Cost')
 
@@ -2091,12 +2153,12 @@ def EconomicResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndAreaOutput, pIndPlo
     OutputResults     = pd.Series(data=[ mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eBalanceElec_{p}_{sc}_{st}('{n}', '{nd}')"])]/mTEPES.pPeriodProb[p,sc]()/mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()*OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,g]() for p,sc,st,n,nd,g in sPSSTNNDG], index=pd.Index(sPSSTNNDG))
     OutputResults.to_frame(name='MEUR').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_3'], columns='level_5', values='MEUR').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_RevenueEnergyGeneration_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-    if len(mTEPES.eh):
+    if mTEPES.eh:
         sPSSTNNDES    = [(p,sc,st,n,nd,eh) for p,sc,st,n,nd,eh in mTEPES.s2n*mTEPES.n2g if eh in mTEPES.eh if (p,eh) in mTEPES.peh and (p,sc,n) in mTEPES.psn]
         OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[-mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eBalanceElec_{p}_{sc}_{st}('{n}', '{nd}')"])]/mTEPES.pPeriodProb[p,sc]()/mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]()*OptModel.vESSTotalCharge[p,sc,n,eh]() for p,sc,st,n,nd,eh in sPSSTNNDES], index=pd.Index(sPSSTNNDES))
         OutputResults.to_frame(name='MEUR').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1','level_3'], columns='level_5', values='MEUR').rename_axis(['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_RevenueEnergyConsumption_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
 
-    if len(mTEPES.gc):
+    if mTEPES.gc:
         GenRev    = []
         ChargeRev = []
         sPSSTNNDGC1            = [(p,sc,st,n,nd,gc) for p,sc,st,n,nd,gc in mTEPES.s2n*mTEPES.n2g if gc in mTEPES.gc if (p,gc) in mTEPES.pgc and (p,sc,n) in mTEPES.psn]
@@ -2132,11 +2194,11 @@ def EconomicResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndAreaOutput, pIndPlo
                 ChargeRev     = pd.Series(data=[0.0 for gc in mTEPES.gc], index=mTEPES.gc, dtype='float64')
 
     if sum(mTEPES.pReserveMargin[:,:]):
-        if len(mTEPES.gc):
+        if mTEPES.gc:
             sPSSTARGC           = [(p,sc,st,ar,gc) for p,sc,st,ar,gc in mTEPES.ps*mTEPES.st*mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.gc if gc in g2a[ar] and mTEPES.pReserveMargin[p,ar] and st == mTEPES.Last_st and sum(1 for gc in mTEPES.gc if gc in g2a[ar]) and sum(mTEPES.pRatedMaxPowerElec[g] * mTEPES.pAvailability[g]() / (1.0-mTEPES.pEFOR[g]) for g in mTEPES.g if g in g2a[ar] and g not in (mTEPES.gc or mTEPES.gd)) <= mTEPES.pDemandElecPeak[p,ar] * mTEPES.pReserveMargin[p,ar]]
             OutputToResRev      = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eAdequacyReserveMarginElec_{p}_{sc}_{st}{ar}"])]*mTEPES.pRatedMaxPowerElec[gc]*mTEPES.pAvailability[gc]() for p,sc,st,ar,gc in sPSSTARGC], index=pd.Index(sPSSTARGC))
             ResRev              = pd.Series(data=[0.0 for gc in mTEPES.gc], index=mTEPES.gc, dtype='float64')
-            if len(sPSSTARGC):
+            if sPSSTARGC:
                 OutputToResRev /= 1e3
                 OutputToResRev  = OutputToResRev.to_frame(name='MEUR').reset_index().pivot_table(index=['level_0','level_1'], columns='level_4', values='MEUR').rename_axis(['Stages', 'Areas'], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).sum(axis=0)
                 for g in OutputToResRev.index:
@@ -2144,7 +2206,7 @@ def EconomicResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndAreaOutput, pIndPlo
     else:
         ResRev = pd.Series(data=[0.0 for gc in mTEPES.gc], index=mTEPES.gc, dtype='float64')
 
-    if sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveUp[:,:,:,:]) and sum(1 for ar,nr in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nr if nr in g2a[ar] and mTEPES.pIndOperReserve[nr] == 0) + sum(1 for ar,es in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.es if es in g2a[ar] and mTEPES.pIndOperReserve[es] == 0):
+    if sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveUp[:,:,:,:]) and sum(1 for ar,nr in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nr if nr in g2a[ar] and (mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[nr] == 0 or mTEPES.pIndOperReserveCon[nr] == 0) ) + sum(1 for ar,es in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.es if es in g2a[ar] and (mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[nr] == 0 or mTEPES.pIndOperReserveCon[nr] == 0)):
         if len([(p,sc,n,ar,nr) for p,sc,n,ar,nr in mTEPES.psn*mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nr if nr in g2a[ar] and mTEPES.pOperReserveUp[p,sc,n,ar] and (p,sc,n,nr) in mTEPES.psnnr]):
             sPSSTNARNR    = [(p,sc,st,n,ar,nr) for p,sc,st,n,ar,nr in mTEPES.s2n*mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nr if nr in g2a[ar] and mTEPES.pOperReserveUp[p,sc,n,ar] and (p,sc,n,nr) in mTEPES.psnnr]
             OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eOperReserveUp_{p}_{sc}_{st}('{n}', '{ar}')"])]/mTEPES.pPeriodProb[p,sc]()*OptModel.vReserveUp   [p,sc,n,nr]() for p,sc,st,n,ar,nr in sPSSTNARNR], index=pd.Index(sPSSTNARNR))
@@ -2171,7 +2233,7 @@ def EconomicResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndAreaOutput, pIndPlo
     else:
         UpRev     = pd.Series(data=[0.0 for gc in mTEPES.gc], index=mTEPES.gc, dtype='float64')
 
-    if sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveDw[:,:,:,:]) and sum(1 for ar,nr in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nr if nr in g2a[ar] and mTEPES.pIndOperReserve[nr] == 0) + sum(1 for ar,es in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.es if es in g2a[ar] and mTEPES.pIndOperReserve[es] == 0):
+    if sum(mTEPES.pOperReserveDw[:,:,:,:]) and sum(1 for ar,nr in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nr if nr in g2a[ar] and (mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[nr] == 0 or mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[nr] == 0 )) + sum(1 for ar,es in mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.es if es in g2a[ar] and (mTEPES.pIndOperReserveGen[es] == 0 or mTEPES.pIndOperReserveCon[es] == 0 )):
         if len([(p,sc,n,ar,nr) for p,sc,n,ar,nr in mTEPES.psn*mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nr if nr in g2a[ar] and mTEPES.pOperReserveDw[p,sc,n,ar] and (p,sc,n,nr) in mTEPES.psnnr]):
             sPSSTNARNR    = [(p,sc,st,n,ar,nr) for p,sc,st,n,ar,nr in mTEPES.s2n*mTEPES.ar*mTEPES.nr if nr in g2a[ar] and mTEPES.pOperReserveDw[p,sc,n,ar] and (p,sc,n,nr) in mTEPES.psnnr]
             OutputResults = pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pDuals["".join([f"eOperReserveDw_{p}_{sc}_{st}('{n}', '{ar}')"])]/mTEPES.pPeriodProb[p,sc]()*OptModel.vReserveDown   [p,sc,n,nr]() for p,sc,st,n,ar,nr in sPSSTNARNR], index=pd.Index(sPSSTNARNR))
@@ -2197,7 +2259,7 @@ def EconomicResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndAreaOutput, pIndPlo
     else:
         DwRev     = pd.Series(data=[0.0 for gc in mTEPES.gc], index=mTEPES.gc, dtype='float64')
 
-    if len(mTEPES.gc):
+    if mTEPES.gc:
         GenCost = pd.Series(data=[sum(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pLinearVarCost  [p,sc,n,gc] * OptModel.vTotalOutput   [p,sc,n,gc]() +
                                       mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelDuration[p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pConstantVarCost[p,sc,n,gc] * OptModel.vCommitment    [p,sc,n,gc]() +
                                       mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pScenProb[p,sc]() * mTEPES.pLoadLevelWeight  [p,sc,n]() * mTEPES.pStartUpCost    [       gc] * OptModel.vStartUp       [p,sc,n,gc]() +
@@ -2215,7 +2277,7 @@ def EconomicResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES, pIndAreaOutput, pIndPlo
             CnsCost[gc] = 0.0 if gc not in CnsCost.index else CnsCost[gc]
             OpCCost[gc] = 0.0 if gc not in OpCCost.index else OpCCost[gc]
 
-        InvCost = pd.Series(data=[sum(mTEPES.pGenInvestCost[gc] * OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,gc]() for p in mTEPES.p if (p,gc) in mTEPES.pgc)                   for gc in mTEPES.gc], index=mTEPES.gc, dtype='float64')
+        InvCost = pd.Series(data=[sum(mTEPES.pDiscountedWeight[p] * mTEPES.pGenInvestCost[gc] * OptModel.vGenerationInvest[p,gc]() for p in mTEPES.p if (p,gc) in mTEPES.pgc)                   for gc in mTEPES.gc], index=mTEPES.gc, dtype='float64')
         Balance = pd.Series(data=[GenRev[gc]+ChargeRev[gc]+UpRev[gc]+DwRev[gc]+ResRev[gc]-GenCost[gc]-EmsCost[gc]-OpGCost[gc]-CnsCost[gc]-OpCCost[gc]-InvCost[gc] for gc in mTEPES.gc], index=mTEPES.gc, dtype='float64')
         CostRecovery = pd.concat([GenRev,ChargeRev,UpRev,DwRev,ResRev,-GenCost,-EmsCost,-OpGCost,-CnsCost,-OpCCost,-InvCost,Balance], axis=1, keys=['Revenue generation [MEUR]', 'Revenue consumption [MEUR]', 'Revenue operating reserve up [MEUR]', 'Revenue operating reserve down [MEUR]', 'Revenue reserve margin [MEUR]', 'Cost operation generation [MEUR]', 'Cost emission [MEUR]', 'Cost operating reserves generation [MEUR]', 'Cost operation consumption [MEUR]', 'Cost operating reserves consumption [MEUR]', 'Cost investment [MEUR]', ' Total [MEUR]'])
         CostRecovery.stack().to_frame(name='MEUR').reset_index().pivot_table(values='MEUR', index=['level_1'], columns=['level_0']).rename_axis([None], axis=0).rename_axis([None], axis=1).to_csv(f'{_path}/oT_Result_CostRecovery_{CaseName}.csv', sep=',')
@@ -2256,11 +2318,11 @@ def NetworkMapResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
         OutputToFile.index.names = ['Period', 'Scenario', 'LoadLevel', 'InitialNode', 'FinalNode', 'Circuit']
         OutputToFile = OutputToFile.to_frame(name='MW')
 
-        # tolerance to consider avoid division by 0
+        # tolerance to avoid division by 0
         pEpsilon = 1e-6
 
-        line_df = pd.DataFrame(data={'NTCFrw': pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pLineNTCFrw[i] * 1e3 + pEpsilon for i in mTEPES.la], index=mTEPES.la),
-                                     'NTCBck': pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pLineNTCBck[i] * 1e3 + pEpsilon for i in mTEPES.la], index=mTEPES.la)}, index=mTEPES.la)
+        line_df = pd.DataFrame(data={'NTCFrw': pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pLineNTCFrw[la] * 1e3 + pEpsilon for la in mTEPES.la], index=mTEPES.la),
+                                     'NTCBck': pd.Series(data=[mTEPES.pLineNTCBck[la] * 1e3 + pEpsilon for la in mTEPES.la], index=mTEPES.la)}, index=mTEPES.la)
 
         line_df = line_df.groupby(level=[0,1]).sum(numeric_only=False)
         line_df['vFlowElec'  ] = 0.0
@@ -2316,7 +2378,7 @@ def NetworkMapResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
 
         return loc_df, line_df
 
-    # tolerance to consider avoid division by 0
+    # tolerance to avoid division by 0
     pEpsilon = 1e-6
 
     p = list(mTEPES.p)[0]
@@ -2349,7 +2411,7 @@ def NetworkMapResults(DirName, CaseName, OptModel, mTEPES):
 
     # Add edges
     for ni,nf,cc in mTEPES.la:
-        fig.add_trace(go.Scattermapbox(lon=[pos_dict[ni][0], pos_dict[nf][0]], lat=[pos_dict[ni][1], pos_dict[nf][1]], mode='lines+markers', marker=dict(size=0, showscale=True, colorbar={'title': 'Utilization [%]', 'titleside': 'top', 'thickness': 8, 'ticksuffix': '%'}, colorscale=[[0, 'lightgreen'], [1, 'darkred']], cmin=0, cmax=100,), line=dict(width=line_df.loc[(ni,nf),'width'], color=line_df.loc[(ni,nf),'color']), opacity=1, hoverinfo='text', textposition='middle center',))
+        fig.add_trace(go.Scattermapbox(lon=[pos_dict[ni][0], pos_dict[nf][0]], lat=[pos_dict[ni][1], pos_dict[nf][1]], mode='lines+markers', marker=dict(size=0, showscale=True, colorbar={'title': 'Utilization [%]', 'title_side': 'top', 'thickness': 8, 'ticksuffix': '%'}, colorscale=[[0, 'lightgreen'], [1, 'darkred']], cmin=0, cmax=100,), line=dict(width=line_df.loc[(ni,nf),'width'], color=line_df.loc[(ni,nf),'color']), opacity=1, hoverinfo='text', textposition='middle center',))
 
     # Add legends related to the lines
     fig.add_trace(go.Scattermapbox(lat=line_df['lat'], lon=line_df['lon'], mode='markers', marker=go.scattermapbox.Marker(size=20, sizeref=1.1, sizemode='area', color='LightSkyBlue',), opacity=0, hoverinfo='text', text='<br>Line: '+line_df['ni']+' → '+line_df['nf']+'<br># circuits: '+line_df['cc'].astype(str)+'<br>NTC Forward: '+line_df['NTCFrw'].astype(str)+'<br>NTC Backward: '+line_df['NTCBck'].astype(str)+'<br>Power flow: '+line_df['vFlowElec'].astype(str)+'<br>Utilization [%]: '+line_df['utilization'].astype(str),))