ob-metaflow-extensions 1.1.175rc1__py2.py3-none-any.whl → 1.1.175rc3__py2.py3-none-any.whl

metaflow_extensions/outerbounds/plugins/apps/core/config/unified_config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,994 @@
+"""
+Unified Configuration System for Outerbounds Apps
+
+This module provides a type-safe, declarative configuration system that serves as the
+single source of truth for app configuration. It automatically generates CLI options,
+handles config file parsing, and manages field merging behavior.
+
+No external dependencies required - uses only Python standard library.
+"""
+
+
+import os
+import json
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union, Type
+import re
+
+from .config_utils import (
+    ConfigField,
+    ConfigMeta,
+    JsonFriendlyKeyValuePairType,
+    PureStringKVPairType,
+    CommaSeparatedListType,
+    FieldBehavior,
+    CLIOption,
+    config_meta_to_dict,
+    merge_field_values,
+    apply_defaults,
+    populate_config_recursive,
+    validate_config_meta,
+    validate_required_fields,
+    ConfigValidationFailedException,
+)
+
+
+class AuthType:
+    BROWSER = "Browser"
+    API = "API"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def choices(cls):
+        return [cls.BROWSER, cls.API]
+
+
+class UnitParser:
+    UNIT_FREE_REGEX = r"^\d+$"
+
+    metrics = {
+        "memory": {
+            "default_unit": "Mi",
+            "requires_unit": True,  # if a Unit free value is provided then we will add the default unit to it.
+            # Regex to match values with units (e.g., "512Mi", "4Gi", "1024Ki")
+            "unit_regex": r"^\d+(\.\d+)?(Ki|Mi|Gi|Ti|Pi|Ei)$",
+        },
+        "cpu": {
+            "default_unit": None,
+            "requires_unit": False,  # if a Unit free value is provided then we will not add the default unit to it.
+            # Accepts values like 400m, 4, 0.4, 1000n, etc.
+            # Regex to match values with units (e.g., "400m", "1000n", "2", "0.5")
+            "unit_regex": r"^(\d+(\.\d+)?(m|n)?|\d+(\.\d+)?)$",
+        },
+        "disk": {
+            "default_unit": "Mi",
+            "requires_unit": True,  # if a Unit free value is provided then we will add the default unit to it.
+            # Regex to match values with units (e.g., "100Mi", "1Gi", "500Ki")
+            "unit_regex": r"^\d+(\.\d+)?(Ki|Mi|Gi|Ti|Pi|Ei)$",
+        },
+        "gpu": {
+            "default_unit": None,
+            "requires_unit": False,
+            # Regex to match values with units (usually just integer count, e.g., "1", "2")
+            "unit_regex": r"^\d+$",
+        },
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, metric_name: str):
+        self.metric_name = metric_name
+
+    def validate(self, value: str):
+        if self.metrics[self.metric_name]["requires_unit"]:
+            if not re.match(self.metrics[self.metric_name]["unit_regex"], value):
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    def process(self, value: str):
+        value = str(value)
+        if self.metrics[self.metric_name]["requires_unit"]:
+            if re.match(self.UNIT_FREE_REGEX, value):
+                # This means the value is unit free and we need to add the default unit to it.
+                value = "%s%s" % (
+                    value.strip(),
+                    self.metrics[self.metric_name]["default_unit"],
+                )
+                return value
+
+            if re.match(self.metrics[self.metric_name]["unit_regex"], value):
+                return value
+
+        return value
+
+    def parse(self, value: str):
+        if value is None:
+            return None
+        return self.process(value)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def validation_wrapper_fn(
+        metric_name: str,
+    ):
+        def validation_fn(value: str):
+            if value is None:
+                return True
+            field_info = ResourceConfig._get_field(ResourceConfig, metric_name)  # type: ignore
+            parser = UnitParser(metric_name)
+            validation = parser.validate(value)
+            if not validation:
+                raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                    field_name=metric_name,
+                    field_info=field_info,
+                    current_value=value,
+                    message=f"Invalid value for `{metric_name}`. Must be of the format {parser.metrics[metric_name]['unit_regex']}.",
+                )
+            return validation
+
+        return validation_fn
+
+
+class BasicValidations:
+    def __init__(self, config_meta_class, field_name):
+        self.config_meta_class = config_meta_class
+        self.field_name = field_name
+
+    def _get_field(self):
+        return self.config_meta_class._get_field(self.config_meta_class, self.field_name)  # type: ignore
+
+    def enum_validation(self, enums: List[str], current_value):
+        if current_value not in enums:
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name=self.field_name,
+                field_info=self._get_field(),
+                current_value=current_value,
+                message=f"Configuration field {self.field_name} has invalid value {current_value}. Value must be one of: {' '.join(enums)}",
+            )
+        return True
+
+    def range_validation(self, min_value, max_value, current_value):
+        if current_value < min_value or current_value > max_value:
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name=self.field_name,
+                field_info=self._get_field(),
+                current_value=current_value,
+                message=f"Configuration field {self.field_name} has invalid value {current_value}. Value must be between {min_value} and {max_value}",
+            )
+        return True
+
+    def length_validation(self, max_length, current_value):
+        if len(current_value) > max_length:
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name=self.field_name,
+                field_info=self._get_field(),
+                current_value=current_value,
+                message=f"Configuration field {self.field_name} has invalid value {current_value}. Value must be less than {max_length}",
+            )
+        return True
+
+    def regex_validation(self, regex, current_value):
+        if not re.match(regex, current_value):
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name=self.field_name,
+                field_info=self._get_field(),
+                current_value=current_value,
+                message=f"Configuration field {self.field_name} has invalid value {current_value}. Value must match regex {regex}",
+            )
+        return True
+
+
+class ResourceConfig(metaclass=ConfigMeta):
+    """Resource configuration for the app."""
+
+    # TODO: Add Unit Validation/Parsing Support for the Fields.
+    cpu = ConfigField(
+        default="1",
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="cpu",
+            cli_option_str="--cpu",
+            help="CPU resource request and limit.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        example="500m",
+        validation_fn=UnitParser.validation_wrapper_fn("cpu"),
+        parsing_fn=UnitParser("cpu").parse,
+    )
+    memory = ConfigField(
+        default="4Gi",
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="memory",
+            cli_option_str="--memory",
+            help="Memory resource request and limit.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        example="512Mi",
+        validation_fn=UnitParser.validation_wrapper_fn("memory"),
+        parsing_fn=UnitParser("memory").parse,
+    )
+    gpu = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="gpu",
+            cli_option_str="--gpu",
+            help="GPU resource request and limit.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        example="1",
+        validation_fn=UnitParser.validation_wrapper_fn("gpu"),
+        parsing_fn=UnitParser("gpu").parse,
+    )
+    disk = ConfigField(
+        default="20Gi",
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="disk",
+            cli_option_str="--disk",
+            help="Storage resource request and limit.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        example="1Gi",
+        validation_fn=UnitParser.validation_wrapper_fn("disk"),
+        parsing_fn=UnitParser("disk").parse,
+    )
+
+
+class HealthCheckConfig(metaclass=ConfigMeta):
+    """Health check configuration."""
+
+    enabled = ConfigField(
+        default=False,
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="health_check_enabled",
+            cli_option_str="--health-check-enabled",
+            help="Whether to enable health checks.",
+            is_flag=True,
+        ),
+        field_type=bool,
+        example=True,
+    )
+    path = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="health_check_path",
+            cli_option_str="--health-check-path",
+            help="The path for health checks.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        example="/health",
+    )
+    initial_delay_seconds = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="health_check_initial_delay",
+            cli_option_str="--health-check-initial-delay",
+            help="Number of seconds to wait before performing the first health check.",
+        ),
+        field_type=int,
+        example=10,
+    )
+    period_seconds = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="health_check_period",
+            cli_option_str="--health-check-period",
+            help="How often to perform the health check.",
+        ),
+        field_type=int,
+        example=30,
+    )
+
+
+class AuthConfig(metaclass=ConfigMeta):
+    """Authentication configuration."""
+
+    type = ConfigField(
+        default=AuthType.BROWSER,
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="auth_type",
+            cli_option_str="--auth-type",
+            help="The type of authentication to use for the app.",
+            choices=AuthType.choices(),
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        example="Browser",
+    )
+    public = ConfigField(
+        default=True,
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="auth_public",
+            cli_option_str="--public-access/--private-access",
+            help="Whether the app is public or not.",
+            is_flag=True,
+        ),
+        field_type=bool,
+        example=True,
+    )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def validate(auth_config: "AuthConfig"):
+        if auth_config.type is None:
+            return True
+        return BasicValidations(AuthConfig, "type").enum_validation(
+            AuthType.choices(), auth_config.type
+        )
+
+
+class ReplicaConfig(metaclass=ConfigMeta):
+    """Replica configuration."""
+
+    fixed = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="fixed_replicas",
+            cli_option_str="--fixed-replicas",
+            help="The fixed number of replicas to deploy the app with. If min and max are set, this will raise an error.",
+        ),
+        field_type=int,
+        example=1,
+    )
+
+    min = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="min_replicas",
+            cli_option_str="--min-replicas",
+            help="The minimum number of replicas to deploy the app with.",
+        ),
+        field_type=int,
+        example=1,
+    )
+    max = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="max_replicas",
+            cli_option_str="--max-replicas",
+            help="The maximum number of replicas to deploy the app with.",
+        ),
+        field_type=int,
+        example=10,
+    )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def defaults(replica_config: "ReplicaConfig"):
+        if all(
+            [
+                replica_config.min is None,
+                replica_config.max is None,
+                replica_config.fixed is None,
+            ]
+        ):
+            replica_config.fixed = 1
+        return
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def validate(replica_config: "ReplicaConfig"):
+        # TODO: Have a better validation story.
+        both_min_max_set = (
+            replica_config.min is not None and replica_config.max is not None
+        )
+        fixed_set = replica_config.fixed is not None
+        max_is_set = replica_config.max is not None
+        min_is_set = replica_config.min is not None
+        any_min_max_set = (
+            replica_config.min is not None or replica_config.max is not None
+        )
+
+        def _greater_than_equals_zero(x):
+            return x is not None and x >= 0
+
+        if both_min_max_set and replica_config.min > replica_config.max:  # type: ignore
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name="min",
+                field_info=replica_config._get_field("min"),  # type: ignore
+                current_value=replica_config.min,
+                message="Min replicas cannot be greater than max replicas",
+            )
+        if fixed_set and any_min_max_set:
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name="fixed",
+                field_info=replica_config._get_field("fixed"),  # type: ignore
+                current_value=replica_config.fixed,
+                message="Fixed replicas cannot be set when min or max replicas are set",
+            )
+
+        if max_is_set and not min_is_set:
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name="min",
+                field_info=replica_config._get_field("min"),  # type: ignore
+                current_value=replica_config.min,
+                message="If max replicas is set then min replicas must be set too.",
+            )
+
+        if fixed_set and replica_config.fixed < 0:  # type: ignore
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name="fixed",
+                field_info=replica_config._get_field("fixed"),  # type: ignore
+                current_value=replica_config.fixed,
+                message="Fixed replicas cannot be less than 0",
+            )
+
+        if min_is_set and not _greater_than_equals_zero(replica_config.min):
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name="min",
+                field_info=replica_config._get_field("min"),  # type: ignore
+                current_value=replica_config.min,
+                message="Min replicas cannot be less than 0",
+            )
+
+        if max_is_set and not _greater_than_equals_zero(replica_config.max):
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name="max",
+                field_info=replica_config._get_field("max"),  # type: ignore
+                current_value=replica_config.max,
+                message="Max replicas cannot be less than 0",
+            )
+        return True
+
+
+def more_than_n_not_none(n, *args):
+    return sum(1 for arg in args if arg is not None) > n
+
+
+class DependencyConfig(metaclass=ConfigMeta):
+    """Dependency configuration."""
+
+    from_requirements_file = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="dep_from_requirements",
+            cli_option_str="--dep-from-requirements",
+            help="The path to the requirements.txt file to attach to the app.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        behavior=FieldBehavior.NOT_ALLOWED,
+        example="requirements.txt",
+    )
+    from_pyproject_toml = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="dep_from_pyproject",
+            cli_option_str="--dep-from-pyproject",
+            help="The path to the pyproject.toml file to attach to the app.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        behavior=FieldBehavior.NOT_ALLOWED,
+        example="pyproject.toml",
+    )
+    python = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="python",
+            cli_option_str="--python",
+            help="The Python version to use for the app.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        behavior=FieldBehavior.NOT_ALLOWED,
+        example="3.10",
+    )
+    pypi = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="pypi",  # TODO: Can set CLI meta to None
+            cli_option_str="--pypi",
+            help="A dictionary of pypi dependencies to attach to the app. The key is the package name and the value is the version.",
+            hidden=True,  # Complex structure, better handled in config file
+        ),
+        field_type=dict,
+        behavior=FieldBehavior.NOT_ALLOWED,
+        example={"numpy": "1.23.0", "pandas": ""},
+    )
+    conda = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(  # TODO: Can set CLI meta to None
+            name="conda",
+            cli_option_str="--conda",
+            help="A dictionary of conda dependencies to attach to the app. The key is the package name and the value is the version.",
+            hidden=True,  # Complex structure, better handled in config file
+        ),
+        field_type=dict,
+        behavior=FieldBehavior.NOT_ALLOWED,
+        example={"numpy": "1.23.0", "pandas": ""},
+    )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def validate(dependency_config: "DependencyConfig"):
+        # You can either have from_requirements_file or from_pyproject_toml or python with pypi or conda
+        # but not more than one of them.
+        if more_than_n_not_none(
+            1,
+            dependency_config.from_requirements_file,
+            dependency_config.from_pyproject_toml,
+        ):
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name="from_requirements_file",
+                field_info=dependency_config._get_field("from_requirements_file"),  # type: ignore
+                current_value=dependency_config.from_requirements_file,
+                message="Cannot set from_requirements_file and from_pyproject_toml at the same time",
+            )
+        if any([dependency_config.pypi, dependency_config.conda]) and any(
+            [
+                dependency_config.from_requirements_file,
+                dependency_config.from_pyproject_toml,
+            ]
+        ):
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name="pypi" if dependency_config.pypi else "conda",
+                field_info=dependency_config._get_field(  # type: ignore
+                    "pypi" if dependency_config.pypi else "conda"
+                ),
+                current_value=dependency_config.pypi or dependency_config.conda,
+                message="Cannot set pypi or conda when from_requirements_file or from_pyproject_toml is set",
+            )
+        return True
+
+
+class PackageConfig(metaclass=ConfigMeta):
+    """Package configuration."""
+
+    src_path = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="package_src_path",
+            cli_option_str="--package-src-path",
+            help="The path to the source code to deploy with the App.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        example="./",
+    )
+    suffixes = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="package_suffixes",
+            cli_option_str="--package-suffixes",
+            help="A list of suffixes to add to the source code to deploy with the App.",
+        ),
+        field_type=list,
+        example=[".py", ".ipynb"],
+    )
+
+
+class BasicAppValidations:
+    @staticmethod
+    def name(name):
+        if name is None:
+            return True
+        regex = r"^[a-z0-9-]+$"  # Only allow lowercase letters, numbers, and hyphens
+        validator = BasicValidations(CoreConfig, "name")
+        return validator.length_validation(20, name) and validator.regex_validation(
+            regex, name
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def port(port):
+        if port is None:
+            return True
+        return BasicValidations(CoreConfig, "port").range_validation(1, 65535, port)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def tags(tags):
+        if tags is None:
+            return True
+        if not all(isinstance(tag, dict) and len(tag) == 1 for tag in tags):
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name="tags",
+                field_info=CoreConfig._get_field(CoreConfig, "tags"),  # type: ignore
+                current_value=tags,
+                message="Tags must be a list of dictionaries with one key. Currently they are set to %s "
+                % (str(tags)),
+            )
+        return True
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def secrets(secrets):
+        if secrets is None:  # If nothing is set we dont care.
+            return True
+
+        if not isinstance(secrets, list):
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name="secrets",
+                field_info=CoreConfig._get_field(CoreConfig, "secrets"),  # type: ignore
+                current_value=secrets,
+                message="Secrets must be a list of strings. Currently they are set to %s "
+                % (str(secrets)),
+            )
+        from ..validations import secrets_validator
+
+        try:
+            secrets_validator(secrets)
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise ConfigValidationFailedException(
+                field_name="secrets",
+                field_info=CoreConfig._get_field(CoreConfig, "secrets"),  # type: ignore
+                current_value=secrets,
+                message=f"Secrets validation failed, {e}",
+            )
+        return True
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def persistence(persistence):
+        if persistence is None:
+            return True
+        return BasicValidations(CoreConfig, "persistence").enum_validation(
+            ["none", "postgres"], persistence
+        )
+
+
+class CoreConfig(metaclass=ConfigMeta):
+    """Unified App Configuration - The single source of truth for application configuration.
+
+    CoreConfig is the central configuration class that defines all application settings using the
+    ConfigMeta metaclass and ConfigField descriptors. It provides a declarative, type-safe way
+    to manage configuration from multiple sources (CLI, config files, environment) with automatic
+    validation, merging, and CLI generation.
+
+    Core Features:
+    - **Declarative Configuration**: All fields are defined using ConfigField descriptors
+    - **Multi-Source Configuration**: Supports CLI options, config files (JSON/YAML), and programmatic setting
+    - **Automatic CLI Generation**: CLI options are automatically generated from field metadata
+    - **Type Safety**: Built-in type checking and validation for all fields
+    - **Hierarchical Structure**: Supports nested configuration objects (resources, auth, dependencies)
+    - **Intelligent Merging**: Configurable merging behavior for different field types
+    - **Validation Framework**: Comprehensive validation with custom validation functions
+
+    Configuration Lifecycle:
+    1. **Definition**: Fields are defined declaratively using ConfigField descriptors
+    2. **Instantiation**: Objects are created with all fields initialized to None or nested objects
+    3. **Population**: Values are populated from CLI options, config files, or direct assignment
+    4. **Merging**: Multiple config sources are merged according to field behavior settings
+    5. **Validation**: Field validation functions and required field checks are performed
+    6. **Default Application**: Default values are applied to any remaining None fields
+    7. **Commit**: Final validation and preparation for use
+
+
+    Usage Examples:
+        Create from CLI options:
+        ```python
+        config = CoreConfig.from_cli({
+            'name': 'myapp',
+            'port': 8080,
+            'commands': ['python app.py']
+        })
+        ```
+
+        Create from config file:
+        ```python
+        config = CoreConfig.from_file('config.yaml')
+        ```
+
+        Create from dictionary:
+        ```python
+        config = CoreConfig.from_dict({
+            'name': 'myapp',
+            'port': 8080,
+            'resources': {
+                'cpu': '500m',
+                'memory': '1Gi'
+            }
+        })
+        ```
+
+        Merge configurations:
+        ```python
+        file_config = CoreConfig.from_file('config.yaml')
+        cli_config = CoreConfig.from_cli(cli_options)
+        final_config = CoreConfig.merge_configs(file_config, cli_config)
+        final_config.commit()  # Validate and apply defaults
+        ```
+    """
+
+    # TODO: We can add Force Upgrade / No Deps flags here too if we need to.
+    # Since those can be exposed on the CLI side and the APP state will anyways
+    # be expored before being worked upon.
+
+    SCHEMA_DOC = """Schema for defining Outerbounds Apps configuration. This schema is what we will end up using on the CLI/programmatic interface.
+How to read this schema:
+1. If the a property has `mutation_behavior` set to `union` then it will allow overrides of values at runtime from the CLI.
+2. If the property has `mutation_behavior`set to `not_allowed` then either the CLI or the config file value will be used (which ever is not None). If the user supplies something in both then an error will be raised.
+3. If a property has `experimental` set to true then a lot its validations may-be skipped and parsing handled somewhere else.
+"""
+
+    # Required fields
+    name = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="name",
+            cli_option_str="--name",
+        ),
+        validation_fn=BasicAppValidations.name,
+        field_type=str,
+        required=True,
+        help="The name of the app to deploy.",
+        example="myapp",
+    )
+    port = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="port",
+            cli_option_str="--port",
+        ),
+        validation_fn=BasicAppValidations.port,
+        field_type=int,
+        required=True,
+        help="Port where the app is hosted. When deployed this will be port on which we will deploy the app.",
+        example=8000,
+    )
+
+    # Optional basic fields
+    description = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="description",
+            cli_option_str="--description",
+            help="The description of the app to deploy.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        example="This is a description of my app.",
+    )
+    app_type = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="app_type",
+            cli_option_str="--app-type",
+            help="The User defined type of app to deploy. Its only used for bookkeeping purposes.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        example="MyCustomAgent",
+    )
+    image = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="image",
+            cli_option_str="--image",
+            help="The Docker image to deploy with the App.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        example="python:3.10-slim",
+    )
+
+    # List fields
+    tags = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="tags",
+            cli_option_str="--tag",
+            multiple=True,
+            click_type=PureStringKVPairType,
+        ),
+        field_type=list,
+        validation_fn=BasicAppValidations.tags,
+        help="The tags of the app to deploy.",
+        example=[{"foo": "bar"}, {"x": "y"}],
+    )
+    secrets = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="secrets", cli_option_str="--secret", multiple=True, click_type=str
+        ),
+        field_type=list,
+        help="Outerbounds integrations to attach to the app. You can use the value you set in the `@secrets` decorator in your code.",
+        example=["hf-token"],
+        validation_fn=BasicAppValidations.secrets,
+    )
+    compute_pools = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="compute_pools",
+            cli_option_str="--compute-pools",
+            help="A list of compute pools to deploy the app to.",
+            multiple=True,
+            click_type=str,
+        ),
+        field_type=list,
+        example=["default", "large"],
+    )
+    environment = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="environment",
+            cli_option_str="--env",
+            multiple=True,
+            click_type=JsonFriendlyKeyValuePairType,  # TODO: Fix me.
+        ),
+        field_type=dict,
+        help="Environment variables to deploy with the App.",
+        example={
+            "DEBUG": True,
+            "DATABASE_CONFIG": {"host": "localhost", "port": 5432},
+            "ALLOWED_ORIGINS": ["http://localhost:3000", "https://myapp.com"],
+        },
+    )
+    commands = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=None,  # We dont expose commands as an options. We rather expose it like `--` with click.
+        field_type=list,
+        required=True,  # Either from CLI or from config file.
+        help="A list of commands to run the app with.",  # TODO: Fix me: make me configurable via the -- stuff in click.
+        example=["python app.py", "python app.py --foo bar"],
+        behavior=FieldBehavior.NOT_ALLOWED,
+    )
+
+    # Complex nested fields
+    resources = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=None,  # No top-level CLI option, only nested fields have CLI options
+        field_type=ResourceConfig,
+        # TODO : see if we can add a validation func for resources.
+        help="Resource configuration for the app.",
+    )
+    auth = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=None,  # No top-level CLI option, only nested fields have CLI options
+        field_type=AuthConfig,
+        help="Auth related configurations.",
+        validation_fn=AuthConfig.validate,
+    )
+    replicas = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=None,  # No top-level CLI option, only nested fields have CLI options
+        validation_fn=ReplicaConfig.validate,
+        field_type=ReplicaConfig,
+        default=ReplicaConfig.defaults,
+        help="The number of replicas to deploy the app with.",
+    )
+    dependencies = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=None,  # No top-level CLI option, only nested fields have CLI options
+        validation_fn=DependencyConfig.validate,
+        field_type=DependencyConfig,
+        help="The dependencies to attach to the app. ",
+    )
+    package = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=None,  # No top-level CLI option, only nested fields have CLI options
+        field_type=PackageConfig,
+        help="Configurations associated with packaging the app.",
+    )
+
+    no_deps = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="no_deps",
+            cli_option_str="--no-deps",
+            help="Do not any dependencies. Directly used the image provided",
+            is_flag=True,
+        ),
+        field_type=bool,
+        default=False,
+        help="Do not bake any dependencies. Directly used the image provided",
+    )
+
+    force_upgrade = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="force_upgrade",
+            cli_option_str="--force-upgrade",
+            help="Force upgrade the app even if it is currently being upgraded.",
+            is_flag=True,
+        ),
+        field_type=bool,
+        default=False,
+        help="Force upgrade the app even if it is currently being upgraded.",
+    )
+
+    # ------- Experimental -------------
+    # These options get treated in the `..experimental` module.
+    # If we move any option as a first class citizen then we need to move
+    # its capsule parsing from the `..experimental` module to the `..capsule.CapsuleInput` module.
+
+    persistence = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="persistence",
+            cli_option_str="--persistence",
+            help="The persistence mode to deploy the app with.",
+            choices=["none", "postgres"],
+        ),
+        validation_fn=BasicAppValidations.persistence,
+        field_type=str,
+        default="none",
+        example="postgres",
+        is_experimental=True,
+    )
+
+    project = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="project",
+            cli_option_str="--project",
+            help="The project name to deploy the app to.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        is_experimental=True,
+        example="my-project",
+    )
+    branch = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=CLIOption(
+            name="branch",
+            cli_option_str="--branch",
+            help="The branch name to deploy the app to.",
+        ),
+        field_type=str,
+        is_experimental=True,
+        example="main",
+    )
+    models = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=None,
+        field_type=list,
+        is_experimental=True,
+        example=[{"asset_id": "model-123", "asset_instance_id": "instance-456"}],
+    )
+    data = ConfigField(
+        cli_meta=None,
+        field_type=list,
+        is_experimental=True,
+        example=[{"asset_id": "data-789", "asset_instance_id": "instance-101"}],
+    )
+    # ------- /Experimental -------------
+
+    def to_dict(self):
+        return config_meta_to_dict(self)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def merge_configs(
+        base_config: "CoreConfig", override_config: "CoreConfig"
+    ) -> "CoreConfig":
+        """
+        Merge two configurations with override taking precedence.
+
+        Handles FieldBehavior for proper merging:
+        - UNION: Merge values (for lists, dicts)
+        - NOT_ALLOWED: Base config value takes precedence (override is ignored)
+
+        Args:
+            base_config: Base configuration (lower precedence)
+            override_config: Override configuration (higher precedence)
+
+        Returns:
+            Merged CoreConfig instance
+        """
+        merged_config = CoreConfig()
+
+        # Process each field according to its behavior
+        for field_name, field_info in CoreConfig._fields.items():  # type: ignore
+            base_value = getattr(base_config, field_name, None)
+            override_value = getattr(override_config, field_name, None)
+
+            # Get the behavior for this field
+            behavior = getattr(field_info, "behavior", FieldBehavior.UNION)
+
+            merged_value = merge_field_values(
+                base_value, override_value, field_info, behavior
+            )
+
+            setattr(merged_config, field_name, merged_value)
+
+        return merged_config
+
+    def set_defaults(self):
+        apply_defaults(self)
+
+    def validate(self):
+        validate_config_meta(self)
+
+    def commit(self):
+        self.validate()
+        validate_required_fields(self)
+        self.set_defaults()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, config_data: Dict[str, Any]) -> "CoreConfig":
+        config = cls()
+        # Define functions for dict source
+        def get_dict_key(field_name, field_info):
+            return field_name
+
+        def get_dict_value(source_data, key):
+            return source_data.get(key)
+
+        populate_config_recursive(
+            config, cls, config_data, get_dict_key, get_dict_value
+        )
+        return config
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_cli(cls, cli_options: Dict[str, Any]) -> "CoreConfig":
+        config = cls()
+        # Define functions for CLI source
+        def get_cli_key(field_name, field_info):
+            # Need to have a special Exception for commands since the Commands
+            # are passed down via unprocessed args after `--` in click
+            if field_name == cls.commands.name:
+                return field_name
+            # Return the CLI parameter name if CLI metadata exists
+            if field_info.cli_meta and not field_info.cli_meta.hidden:
+                return field_info.cli_meta.name
+            return None
+
+        def get_cli_value(source_data, key):
+            value = source_data.get(key)
+            # Only return non-None values since None means not set in CLI
+            if value is None:
+                return None
+            if key == cls.environment.name:
+                _env_dict = {}
+                for v in value:
+                    _env_dict.update(v)
+                return _env_dict
+            if type(value) == tuple or type(value) == list:
+                obj = list(x for x in source_data[key])
+                if len(obj) == 0:
+                    return None  # Dont return Empty Lists so that we can set Nones
+                return obj
+            return value
+
+        # Use common recursive population function with nested value checking
+        populate_config_recursive(
+            config,
+            cls,
+            cli_options,
+            get_cli_key,
+            get_cli_value,
+        )
+        return config