nettracer3d 1.2.7__py3-none-any.whl → 1.3.1__py3-none-any.whl

nettracer3d/network_graph_widget.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2066 @@
+import numpy as np
+import networkx as nx
+from PyQt6.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QPushButton, QMenu,
+                              QSizePolicy, QApplication, QScrollArea, QLabel, QFrame,
+                              QFileDialog, QMessageBox)
+from PyQt6.QtCore import Qt, pyqtSignal, QThread, pyqtSlot, QTimer, QPointF, QRectF
+from PyQt6.QtGui import QColor, QPen, QBrush
+import pyqtgraph as pg
+from pyqtgraph import ScatterPlotItem, PlotCurveItem, GraphicsLayoutWidget, ROI
+import colorsys
+
+
+class GraphLoadThread(QThread):
+    """Thread for loading graph layouts without blocking the UI"""
+    finished = pyqtSignal(object)  # Emits the computed layout data
+    
+    def __init__(self, graph, geometric, component, centroids, communities, 
+                 community_dict, identities, identity_dict, weight, z_size):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.graph = graph
+        self.geometric = geometric
+        self.component = component
+        self.centroids = centroids
+        self.communities = communities
+        self.community_dict = community_dict
+        self.identities = identities
+        self.identity_dict = identity_dict
+        self.weight = weight
+        self.z_size = z_size
+    
+    def run(self):
+        """Compute layout and colors in background thread"""
+        result = {}
+        
+        # Compute node positions
+        if not self.geometric and not self.component:
+            n = len(self.graph.nodes())
+            if n < 500:
+                result['pos'] = nx.spring_layout(self.graph, seed=42, iterations=50)
+            else:
+                result['pos'] = self._compute_fast_spring_layout()
+        elif self.geometric:
+            result['pos'] = self._compute_geometric_layout()
+        elif self.component:
+            nodes = list(self.graph.nodes())
+            n = len(nodes)
+            result['pos'] = self._spring_layout_numpy_super(nodes, n)
+
+        # Compute node colors and sizes
+        result['colors'], result['sizes'] = self._compute_node_attributes()
+        
+        # Compute edge data
+        result['edges'] = self._compute_edge_data(result['pos'])
+
+        # Prepare node spots for rendering (with pre-computed brushes)
+        result['node_spots'], result['brush_cache'] = self._prepare_node_spots(result['pos'], result['colors'], result['sizes'])
+        
+        # Prepare label data
+        result['label_data'] = self._prepare_label_data(result['pos'])
+        
+        # Prepare edge items
+        result['edge_pens'] = self._prepare_edge_pens(result['edges'])
+        
+        self.finished.emit(result)
+    
+    def _compute_fast_spring_layout(self):
+        """Fast vectorized spring layout using numpy"""
+        nodes = list(self.graph.nodes())
+        n = len(nodes)
+        
+        if n == 0:
+            return {}
+        
+        # For small graphs, use networkx (overhead is negligible)
+        if n < 200:
+            return nx.spring_layout(self.graph, seed=42, iterations=50)
+        
+        # Use fast vectorized implementation for larger graphs
+        try:
+            return self._spring_layout_numpy(nodes, n)
+        except Exception as e:
+            return nx.spring_layout(self.graph, seed=42, iterations=15)
+    
+    def _spring_layout_numpy_super(self, nodes, n, iterations=50):
+        """
+        Spring layout with physically separated connected components
+        """
+        from scipy.spatial import cKDTree
+        import networkx as nx
+        
+        np.random.seed(42)
+        
+        # Find connected components
+        components = list(nx.connected_components(self.graph))
+        
+        if len(components) == 1:
+            # Single component - use original algorithm
+            return self._spring_layout_numpy(nodes, n, iterations)
+        
+        # Layout each component independently
+        component_layouts = []
+        component_bounds = []
+        
+        for component in components:
+            comp_nodes = list(component)
+            comp_n = len(comp_nodes)
+            
+            # Create subgraph for this component
+            subgraph_edges = [
+                (u, v) for u, v in self.graph.edges() 
+                if u in component and v in component
+            ]
+            
+            # Run spring layout on this component only
+            comp_pos = self._layout_component(comp_nodes, comp_n, subgraph_edges, iterations)
+            
+            # Calculate bounding box
+            positions = np.array(list(comp_pos.values()))
+            min_coords = positions.min(axis=0)
+            max_coords = positions.max(axis=0)
+            size = max_coords - min_coords
+            
+            component_layouts.append((comp_nodes, comp_pos))
+            component_bounds.append(size)
+        
+        # Arrange components in a grid with spacing
+        num_components = len(components)
+        grid_cols = int(np.ceil(np.sqrt(num_components)))
+        
+        # Calculate spacing based on largest component
+        max_width = max(bounds[0] for bounds in component_bounds)
+        max_height = max(bounds[1] for bounds in component_bounds)
+        spacing_x = max_width * 1.5  # 50% padding between components
+        spacing_y = max_height * 1.5
+        
+        # Place components in grid
+        final_positions = {}
+        for idx, (comp_nodes, comp_pos) in enumerate(component_layouts):
+            grid_x = idx % grid_cols
+            grid_y = idx // grid_cols
+            
+            # Calculate offset for this component
+            offset = np.array([grid_x * spacing_x, grid_y * spacing_y])
+            
+            # Apply offset to all nodes in component
+            for node in comp_nodes:
+                final_positions[node] = comp_pos[node] + offset
+        
+        # Center the entire layout
+        all_pos = np.array([final_positions[node] for node in nodes])
+        all_pos -= all_pos.mean(axis=0)
+        
+        return {node: all_pos[i] for i, node in enumerate(nodes)}
+
+    def _layout_component(self, nodes, n, edges, iterations):
+        """
+        Spring layout for a single component
+        """
+        from scipy.spatial import cKDTree
+        
+        np.random.seed(42 + len(nodes))  # Different seed per component size
+        pos = np.random.rand(n, 2)
+        
+        if len(edges) == 0:
+            return {node: pos[i] for i, node in enumerate(nodes)}
+        
+        node_to_idx = {node: i for i, node in enumerate(nodes)}
+        edge_indices = np.array([[node_to_idx[u], node_to_idx[v]] for u, v in edges])
+        
+        k = np.sqrt(1.0 / n)
+        t = 0.1
+        dt = t / (iterations + 1)
+        cutoff_distance = 4 * k
+        
+        for iteration in range(iterations):
+            displacement = np.zeros_like(pos)
+            
+            tree = cKDTree(pos)
+            pairs = tree.query_pairs(r=cutoff_distance, output_type='ndarray')
+            
+            if len(pairs) > 0:
+                i_indices = pairs[:, 0]
+                j_indices = pairs[:, 1]
+                
+                delta = pos[i_indices] - pos[j_indices]
+                distance = np.linalg.norm(delta, axis=1, keepdims=True)
+                distance = np.maximum(distance, 0.01)
+                
+                force_magnitude = (k * k) / distance
+                force = delta * (force_magnitude / distance)
+                
+                np.add.at(displacement, i_indices, force)
+                np.add.at(displacement, j_indices, -force)
+            
+            if len(edge_indices) > 0:
+                edge_delta = pos[edge_indices[:, 0]] - pos[edge_indices[:, 1]]
+                edge_distance = np.sqrt((edge_delta ** 2).sum(axis=1, keepdims=True))
+                edge_distance = np.maximum(edge_distance, 0.01)
+                
+                edge_force_magnitude = (edge_distance * edge_distance) / k
+                edge_force = edge_delta * (edge_force_magnitude / edge_distance)
+                
+                np.add.at(displacement, edge_indices[:, 0], -edge_force)
+                np.add.at(displacement, edge_indices[:, 1], edge_force)
+            
+            disp_magnitude = np.sqrt((displacement ** 2).sum(axis=1, keepdims=True))
+            disp_magnitude = np.maximum(disp_magnitude, 0.01)
+            displacement = displacement * np.minimum(t / disp_magnitude, 1.0)
+            
+            pos += displacement
+            t -= dt
+        
+        pos -= pos.mean(axis=0)
+        return {node: pos[i] for i, node in enumerate(nodes)}
+
+    def _spring_layout_numpy(self, nodes, n, iterations = 50):
+        """
+        Original algorithm for single component case
+        """
+        from scipy.spatial import cKDTree
+        np.random.seed(42)
+        pos = np.random.rand(n, 2)
+        
+        edges = list(self.graph.edges())
+        if len(edges) == 0:
+            return {node: pos[i] for i, node in enumerate(nodes)}
+        
+        node_to_idx = {node: i for i, node in enumerate(nodes)}
+        edge_indices = np.array([[node_to_idx[u], node_to_idx[v]] for u, v in edges])
+        
+        k = np.sqrt(1.0 / n)
+        t = 0.1
+        dt = t / (iterations + 1)
+        cutoff_distance = 4 * k
+        
+        for iteration in range(iterations):
+            displacement = np.zeros_like(pos)
+            tree = cKDTree(pos)
+            pairs = tree.query_pairs(r=cutoff_distance, output_type='ndarray')
+            
+            if len(pairs) > 0:
+                i_indices = pairs[:, 0]
+                j_indices = pairs[:, 1]
+                delta = pos[i_indices] - pos[j_indices]
+                distance = np.linalg.norm(delta, axis=1, keepdims=True)
+                distance = np.maximum(distance, 0.01)
+                force_magnitude = (k * k) / distance
+                force = delta * (force_magnitude / distance)
+                np.add.at(displacement, i_indices, force)
+                np.add.at(displacement, j_indices, -force)
+            
+            if len(edge_indices) > 0:
+                edge_delta = pos[edge_indices[:, 0]] - pos[edge_indices[:, 1]]
+                edge_distance = np.sqrt((edge_delta ** 2).sum(axis=1, keepdims=True))
+                edge_distance = np.maximum(edge_distance, 0.01)
+                edge_force_magnitude = (edge_distance * edge_distance) / k
+                edge_force = edge_delta * (edge_force_magnitude / edge_distance)
+                np.add.at(displacement, edge_indices[:, 0], -edge_force)
+                np.add.at(displacement, edge_indices[:, 1], edge_force)
+            
+            disp_magnitude = np.sqrt((displacement ** 2).sum(axis=1, keepdims=True))
+            disp_magnitude = np.maximum(disp_magnitude, 0.01)
+            displacement = displacement * np.minimum(t / disp_magnitude, 1.0)
+            pos += displacement
+            t -= dt
+        
+        pos -= pos.mean(axis=0)
+        return {node: pos[i] for i, node in enumerate(nodes)}
+
+    def _prepare_node_spots(self, pos, colors, sizes):
+        """Prepare spots array and brush caches for ScatterPlotItem"""
+        nodes = list(self.graph.nodes())
+        pos_array = np.array([pos[n] for n in nodes])
+        
+        # Pre-compute both normal and selected brushes in separate caches
+        spots = []
+        brush_cache = {}  # {node: {'normal': brush, 'selected': brush}}
+        
+        for i, node in enumerate(nodes):
+            hex_color = colors[i]
+            hex_color = hex_color.lstrip('#')
+            rgb = tuple(int(hex_color[i:i+2], 16) for i in (0, 2, 4))
+            
+            # Create brushes (do this in thread to save time later)
+            normal_brush = pg.mkBrush(*rgb, 200)
+            selected_brush = pg.mkBrush(255, 255, 0, 255)  # Yellow for selected
+            
+            # Store brushes separately
+            brush_cache[node] = {
+                'normal': normal_brush,
+                'selected': selected_brush
+            }
+            
+            # Only include pyqtgraph-valid parameters in spot
+            spot = {
+                'pos': pos_array[i],
+                'size': sizes[i],
+                'brush': normal_brush,  # Start with normal brush
+                'data': node
+            }
+            spots.append(spot)
+        
+        return spots, brush_cache
+
+    def _prepare_label_data(self, pos):
+        """Prepare label positions and text"""
+        label_data = []
+        for node in self.graph.nodes():
+            if node in pos:
+                label_data.append({
+                    'node': node,
+                    'text': str(node),
+                    'pos': pos[node]
+                })
+        return label_data
+
+    def _prepare_edge_pens(self, edges):
+        """Prepare edge drawing data - batch edges by weight bins for efficient rendering"""
+        if not edges:
+            return []
+        
+        # If weights are disabled, use uniform thickness
+        if not self.weight:
+            # All edges get same thickness - combine into single batch
+            x_coords = []
+            y_coords = []
+            for x, y, weight in edges:
+                x_coords.extend([x[0], x[1], np.nan])
+                y_coords.extend([y[0], y[1], np.nan])
+            
+            return [{
+                'x': np.array(x_coords),
+                'y': np.array(y_coords),
+                'thickness': 1.0
+            }]
+        
+        # Weight-based rendering - batch by thickness
+        weights = [w for _, _, w in edges]
+        if not weights:
+            return []
+        
+        min_weight = min(weights)
+        max_weight = max(weights)
+        weight_range = max_weight - min_weight if max_weight > min_weight else 1
+        
+        # Define thickness bins (e.g., 10 discrete thickness levels)
+        num_bins = 10
+        thickness_min = 0.5
+        thickness_max = 3.0  # Maximum thickness cap
+        
+        # Batch edges by thickness bin
+        edge_batches = {}  # {thickness: [(x_coords, y_coords), ...]}
+        
+        for x, y, weight in edges:
+            # Normalize weight to thickness
+            if weight_range > 0:
+                normalized = (weight - min_weight) / weight_range
+            else:
+                normalized = 0.5
+            
+            # Calculate thickness with cap
+            thickness = thickness_min + normalized * (thickness_max - thickness_min)
+            
+            # Bin the thickness to reduce number of batches
+            thickness_bin = round(thickness * num_bins) / num_bins
+            thickness_bin = min(thickness_bin, thickness_max)  # Apply cap
+            
+            # Add to batch
+            if thickness_bin not in edge_batches:
+                edge_batches[thickness_bin] = {'x': [], 'y': []}
+            
+            # Add edge coordinates with NaN separator
+            edge_batches[thickness_bin]['x'].extend([x[0], x[1], np.nan])
+            edge_batches[thickness_bin]['y'].extend([y[0], y[1], np.nan])
+        
+        # Convert to list format for rendering
+        batch_data = []
+        for thickness, coords in edge_batches.items():
+            batch_data.append({
+                'x': np.array(coords['x']),
+                'y': np.array(coords['y']),
+                'thickness': thickness
+            })
+        
+        return batch_data
+    
+    def _compute_geometric_layout(self):
+        """Compute positions from centroids"""
+        pos = {}
+        for node in self.graph.nodes():
+            if node in self.centroids:
+                z, y, x = self.centroids[node]
+                pos[node] = np.array([x, -y])
+            else:
+                pos[node] = np.array([0, 0])
+        return pos
+    
+    def _compute_node_attributes(self):
+        """Compute node colors and sizes"""
+        nodes = list(self.graph.nodes())
+        colors = []
+        sizes = self._compute_all_node_sizes_vectorized(nodes)
+
+        # Determine coloring mode
+        if self.identities and self.identity_dict:
+            color_map = self._generate_community_colors(self.identity_dict)
+            for node in self.graph.nodes():
+                identity = self.identity_dict.get(node, 'Unknown')
+                colors.append(color_map.get(identity, '#808080'))
+        elif self.communities and self.community_dict:
+            color_map = self._generate_community_colors(self.community_dict)
+            for node in self.graph.nodes():
+                community = self.community_dict.get(node, -1)
+                colors.append(color_map.get(community, '#808080'))
+        else:
+            # Default coloring
+            for node in self.graph.nodes():
+                colors.append('#4A90E2')
+        
+        return colors, sizes
+    
+    def _compute_all_node_sizes_vectorized(self, nodes):
+        if not self.geometric or not self.centroids or not self.z_size:
+            return [10] * len(nodes)
+
+        # GLOBAL z range (matches original behavior)
+        all_z = np.array([
+            self.centroids[n][0]
+            for n in self.graph.nodes()
+            if n in self.centroids
+        ])
+
+        if len(all_z) == 0:
+            return [10] * len(nodes)
+
+        z_min, z_max = all_z.min(), all_z.max()
+
+        sizes = [10] * len(nodes)
+
+        if z_max <= z_min:
+            return sizes
+
+        # Collect z-values ONLY for requested nodes
+        z_values = []
+        node_indices = []
+
+        for i, node in enumerate(nodes):
+            if node in self.centroids:
+                z_values.append(self.centroids[node][0])
+                node_indices.append(i)
+
+        if not z_values:
+            return sizes
+
+        z_array = np.array(z_values)
+
+        normalized = 1 - (z_array - z_min) / (z_max - z_min)
+        computed_sizes = 5 + normalized * 20
+
+        for idx, node_idx in enumerate(node_indices):
+            sizes[node_idx] = float(computed_sizes[idx])
+
+        return sizes
+    
+    def _generate_identity_colors(self):
+        """Generate colors for identities using the specified strategy"""
+        unique_categories = list(set(self.identity_dict.values()))
+        num_categories = len(unique_categories)
+        
+        if num_categories <= 12:
+            base_colors = [
+                '#FF0000', '#0066FF', '#00CC00', '#FF8800',
+                '#8800FF', '#FFFF00', '#FF0088', '#00FFFF',
+                '#88FF00', '#FF4400', '#0088FF', '#CC00FF'
+            ]
+            colors = base_colors[:num_categories]
+        else:
+            colors = []
+            for i in range(num_categories):
+                hue = (i * 360 / num_categories) % 360
+                sat = 0.85 if i % 2 == 0 else 0.95
+                val = 0.95 if i % 3 != 0 else 0.85
+                
+                rgb = colorsys.hsv_to_rgb(hue/360, sat, val)
+                hex_color = '#{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}'.format(
+                    int(rgb[0]*255), int(rgb[1]*255), int(rgb[2]*255)
+                )
+                colors.append(hex_color)
+        
+        return dict(zip(unique_categories, colors))
+    
+    def _generate_community_colors(self, my_dict):
+        """Generate colors for communities using the specified strategy"""
+        from collections import Counter
+        
+        unique_communities = sorted(set(my_dict.values()))
+        community_sizes = Counter(my_dict.values())
+        sorted_communities = sorted(unique_communities, 
+                                   key=lambda x: community_sizes[x], 
+                                   reverse=True)
+        colors_rgb = self._generate_distinct_colors_rgb(len(unique_communities))
+        color_map = {comm: colors_rgb[i] for i, comm in enumerate(sorted_communities)}
+        if 0 in unique_communities:
+            color_map[0] = "#8B4513"
+
+        return color_map
+    
+    def _generate_distinct_colors_rgb(self, n_colors):
+        """
+        Generate visually distinct RGB colors using HSV color space.
+        Colors are generated with maximum saturation and value, varying only in hue.
+        """
+        colors = []
+        for i in range(n_colors):
+            hue = i / n_colors
+            rgb = colorsys.hsv_to_rgb(hue, 1.0, 1.0)  # S=1, V=1 for max saturation/brightness
+            hex_color = '#{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}'.format(
+                int(rgb[0] * 255), int(rgb[1] * 255), int(rgb[2] * 255)
+            )
+            colors.append(hex_color)
+        return colors
+    
+    def _compute_edge_data(self, pos):
+        """Compute edge coordinates and weights"""
+        edges = []
+        for u, v, data in self.graph.edges(data=True):
+            if u in pos and v in pos:
+                weight = data.get('weight', 1.0)
+                x = [pos[u][0], pos[v][0]]
+                y = [pos[u][1], pos[v][1]]
+                edges.append((x, y, weight))
+        return edges
+
+
+class NetworkGraphWidget(QWidget):
+    """Interactive NetworkX graph visualization widget"""
+    
+    node_selected = pyqtSignal(object)  # Emits list of selected nodes
+    
+    def __init__(self, parent=None, weight=False, geometric=False, component = False, 
+                 centroids=None, communities=False, community_dict=None,
+                 identities=False, identity_dict=None, labels=False, z_size = False):
+        super().__init__(parent)
+        
+        self.parent_window = parent
+        self.weight = weight
+        self.geometric = geometric
+        self.component = component
+        self.centroids = centroids or {}
+        self.communities = communities
+        self.community_dict = community_dict or {}
+        self.identities = identities
+        self.identity_dict = identity_dict or {}
+        self.labels = labels
+        self.z_size = z_size
+        
+        # Graph data
+        self.graph = None
+        self.node_positions = {}
+        self.node_colors = []
+        self.node_sizes = []
+        self.node_items = {}
+        self.edge_items = []
+        self.label_items = {}
+        self.label_data = []  # Store label data for on-demand rendering
+        self.selected_nodes = set()
+        self.rendered = False
+        
+        # CACHING for fast updates
+        self.cached_spots = []  # Full spot data with brushes
+        self.cached_node_to_index = {}  # Node -> spot index mapping
+        self.cached_brushes = {}  # Node -> {'normal': brush, 'selected': brush}
+        self.last_selected_set = set()  # Track last selection state
+        self.cached_sizes_for_lod = []  # Base sizes for LOD scaling
+        
+        # Interaction mode
+        self.selection_mode = True
+        self.zoom_mode = False
+        
+        # Area selection
+        self.selection_rect = None
+        self.selection_start_pos = None
+        self.is_area_selecting = False
+        self.click_timer = None
+        
+        # Middle mouse panning in selection mode
+        self.temp_pan_active = False
+        self.last_mouse_pos = None
+        
+        # Wheel zoom timer for selection mode
+        self.wheel_timer = None
+        self.was_in_selection_before_wheel = False
+        
+        # Thread for loading
+        self.load_thread = None
+        
+        # Setup UI
+        self._setup_ui()
+    
+    def _setup_ui(self):
+        """Setup the user interface"""
+        layout = QHBoxLayout()  # Changed from QVBoxLayout to accommodate legend
+        layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
+        layout.setSpacing(2)
+        
+        # Left side: graph container
+        graph_container = QWidget()
+        graph_layout = QVBoxLayout()
+        graph_layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
+        graph_layout.setSpacing(2)
+        
+        # Create graphics layout widget
+        self.graphics_widget = pg.GraphicsLayoutWidget()
+        self.graphics_widget.setBackground('w')
+        
+        # Create plot
+        self.plot = self.graphics_widget.addPlot()
+        self.plot.setAspectLocked(True)
+        self.plot.hideAxis('left')
+        self.plot.hideAxis('bottom')
+        self.plot.showGrid(x=False, y=False)
+        # Show loading indicator
+        self.loading_text = pg.TextItem(
+            text="No network detected",
+            color=(100, 100, 100),
+            anchor=(0.5, 0.5)
+        )
+        self.loading_text.setPos(0, 0)  # Center of view
+        self.plot.addItem(self.loading_text)
+        
+        # Enable mouse tracking for area selection
+        self.plot.scene().sigMouseClicked.connect(self._on_plot_clicked)
+        self.plot.scene().sigMouseMoved.connect(self._on_mouse_moved)
+        
+        # Disable default mouse interaction - will enable only in pan mode
+        self.plot.setMouseEnabled(x=False, y=False)
+        self.plot.vb.setMenuEnabled(False)
+        self.plot.vb.setMouseMode(pg.ViewBox.PanMode)
+        
+        # Create scatter plot for nodes
+        self.scatter = ScatterPlotItem(size=10, pen=pg.mkPen(None), 
+                                      brush=pg.mkBrush(74, 144, 226, 200))
+        self.plot.addItem(self.scatter)
+        
+        # Connect click events
+        self.scatter.sigClicked.connect(self._on_node_clicked)
+        
+        # Connect view change for level-of-detail updates
+        self.plot.sigRangeChanged.connect(self._on_view_changed)
+        
+        # Level of detail parameters
+        self.base_node_sizes = []
+        self.current_zoom_factor = 1.0
+        
+        graph_layout.addWidget(self.graphics_widget, stretch=1)  # Keep this one
+        
+        # Create control panel
+        control_panel = self._create_control_panel()
+        graph_layout.addWidget(control_panel)
+        
+        graph_container.setLayout(graph_layout)
+        layout.addWidget(graph_container, stretch=1)
+        
+        # Right side: legend (placeholder, will be populated when graph loads)
+        self.legend_container = QWidget()
+        self.legend_layout = QVBoxLayout()
+        self.legend_layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
+        self.legend_container.setLayout(self.legend_layout)
+        self.legend_container.setMaximumWidth(0)  # Hidden initially
+        layout.addWidget(self.legend_container)
+        
+        self.setLayout(layout)
+        
+        # Set size policy
+        self.setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding, 
+                          QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding)
+        
+        # Install event filter for custom mouse handling
+        self.graphics_widget.viewport().installEventFilter(self)
+        self.plot.scene().installEventFilter(self)
+    
+    def _create_identity_legend(self):
+        """Create a legend panel for node identities"""
+
+        def _generate_distinct_colors_rgb(n_colors: int):
+            """
+            Generate visually distinct RGB colors using HSV color space.
+            Colors are generated with maximum saturation and value, varying only in hue.
+            """
+            colors = []
+            for i in range(n_colors):
+                hue = i / n_colors
+                rgb = colorsys.hsv_to_rgb(hue, 1.0, 1.0)  # S=1, V=1 for max saturation/brightness
+                hex_color = '#{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}'.format(
+                    int(rgb[0] * 255), int(rgb[1] * 255), int(rgb[2] * 255)
+                )
+                colors.append(hex_color)
+            return colors
+
+        if self.identities:
+            from collections import Counter
+            
+            unique_identities = sorted(set(self.identity_dict.values()))
+            community_sizes = Counter(self.identity_dict.values())
+            sorted_communities = sorted(unique_identities, 
+                                       key=lambda x: community_sizes[x], 
+                                       reverse=True)
+
+            colors_rgb = _generate_distinct_colors_rgb(len(unique_identities))
+            color_map = {comm: colors_rgb[i] for i, comm in enumerate(sorted_communities)}
+            if 0 in unique_identities:
+                color_map[0] = "#8B4513"
+        elif self.communities:
+            from collections import Counter
+            
+            unique_identities = sorted(set(self.community_dict.values()))
+            community_sizes = Counter(self.community_dict.values())
+            sorted_communities = sorted(unique_identities, 
+                                       key=lambda x: community_sizes[x], 
+                                       reverse=True)
+
+            colors_rgb = _generate_distinct_colors_rgb(len(unique_identities))
+            color_map = {comm: colors_rgb[i] for i, comm in enumerate(sorted_communities)}
+            if 0 in unique_identities:
+                color_map[0] = "#8B4513"
+
+        # Create legend widget
+        legend_widget = QWidget()
+        legend_layout = QVBoxLayout()
+        legend_layout.setContentsMargins(5, 5, 5, 5)
+        legend_layout.setSpacing(2)
+        
+        # Add title
+        if self.identities:
+            title = QLabel("Node Identities")
+        elif self.communities:
+            title = QLabel("Node Community/Neighborhood")
+        title.setStyleSheet("font-weight: bold; font-size: 11pt; padding: 3px;")
+        legend_layout.addWidget(title)
+        
+        # Create scrollable area for legend items
+        scroll = QScrollArea()
+        scroll.setWidgetResizable(True)
+        scroll.setMaximumWidth(200)
+        scroll.setMinimumWidth(150)
+        scroll.setFrameShape(QFrame.Shape.StyledPanel)
+        
+        # Container for legend items
+        items_widget = QWidget()
+        items_layout = QVBoxLayout()
+        items_layout.setContentsMargins(2, 2, 2, 2)
+        items_layout.setSpacing(3)
+        
+        # Add each identity with colored box
+        for identity in unique_identities:
+            item_widget = QWidget()
+            item_layout = QHBoxLayout()
+            item_layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
+            item_layout.setSpacing(5)
+            
+            # Color box
+            color_box = QLabel()
+            color_box.setFixedSize(16, 16)
+            color_box.setStyleSheet(f"background-color: {color_map[identity]}; border: 1px solid #888;")
+            
+            # Label
+            label = QLabel(str(identity))
+            label.setStyleSheet("font-size: 9pt;")
+            
+            item_layout.addWidget(color_box)
+            item_layout.addWidget(label)
+            item_layout.addStretch()
+            
+            item_widget.setLayout(item_layout)
+            items_layout.addWidget(item_widget)
+
+        if '#808080' in self.node_colors:
+            item_widget = QWidget()
+            item_layout = QHBoxLayout()
+            item_layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
+            item_layout.setSpacing(5)
+            
+            # Color box
+            color_box = QLabel()
+            color_box.setFixedSize(16, 16)
+            color_box.setStyleSheet(f"background-color: #808080; border: 1px solid #888;")
+            
+            # Label
+            label = QLabel('Unassigned')
+            label.setStyleSheet("font-size: 9pt;")
+            
+            item_layout.addWidget(color_box)
+            item_layout.addWidget(label)
+            item_layout.addStretch()
+            
+            item_widget.setLayout(item_layout)
+            items_layout.addWidget(item_widget)
+        
+        items_layout.addStretch()
+        items_widget.setLayout(items_layout)
+        scroll.setWidget(items_widget)
+        
+        legend_layout.addWidget(scroll)
+        legend_widget.setLayout(legend_layout)
+        
+        return legend_widget
+
+    def _create_control_panel(self):
+        """Create the control panel with emoji buttons"""
+        panel = QWidget()
+        panel_layout = QHBoxLayout()
+        panel_layout.setContentsMargins(2, 2, 2, 2)
+        panel_layout.setSpacing(2)
+        
+        # Create buttons with emojis
+        self.select_btn = QPushButton("🖱️")
+        self.select_btn.setToolTip("Selection Tool")
+        self.select_btn.setCheckable(True)
+        self.select_btn.setChecked(True)
+        self.select_btn.setMaximumSize(32, 32)
+        self.select_btn.clicked.connect(self._toggle_selection_mode)
+        
+        self.pan_btn = QPushButton("✋")
+        self.pan_btn.setToolTip("Pan Tool")
+        self.pan_btn.setCheckable(True)
+        self.pan_btn.setChecked(False)
+        self.pan_btn.setMaximumSize(32, 32)
+        self.pan_btn.clicked.connect(self._toggle_pan_mode)
+        
+        self.zoom_btn = QPushButton("🔍")
+        self.zoom_btn.setToolTip("Zoom Tool (Left Click: Zoom Out, Right Click: Zoom In)")
+        self.zoom_btn.setCheckable(True)
+        self.zoom_btn.setMaximumSize(32, 32)
+        self.zoom_btn.clicked.connect(self._toggle_zoom_mode)
+        
+        self.home_btn = QPushButton("🏠")
+        self.home_btn.setToolTip("Reset View")
+        self.home_btn.setMaximumSize(32, 32)
+        self.home_btn.clicked.connect(self._reset_view)
+        
+        self.refresh_btn = QPushButton("🔄")
+        self.refresh_btn.setToolTip("Refresh Graph")
+        self.refresh_btn.setMaximumSize(32, 32)
+        self.refresh_btn.clicked.connect(self.load_graph)
+
+        self.settings_btn = QPushButton("⚙")
+        self.settings_btn.setToolTip("Render Settings")
+        self.settings_btn.setMaximumSize(32, 32)
+        self.settings_btn.clicked.connect(self.settings)
+        
+        self.clear_btn = QPushButton("🗑️")
+        self.clear_btn.setToolTip("Clear Graph")
+        self.clear_btn.setMaximumSize(32, 32)
+        self.clear_btn.clicked.connect(self._clear_graph)
+        
+        # Add buttons to layout
+        panel_layout.addWidget(self.select_btn)
+        panel_layout.addWidget(self.pan_btn)
+        panel_layout.addWidget(self.zoom_btn)
+        panel_layout.addWidget(self.home_btn)
+        panel_layout.addWidget(self.refresh_btn)
+        panel_layout.addWidget(self.settings_btn)
+        panel_layout.addWidget(self.clear_btn)
+        panel_layout.addStretch()
+        
+        panel.setLayout(panel_layout)
+        panel.setMaximumHeight(40)
+        
+        return panel
+
+    def settings(self):
+
+        self.parent_window.show_netshow_dialog(called = self)
+    
+    def set_graph(self, graph):
+        """Set the NetworkX graph to visualize"""
+        self.graph = graph
+
+        if hasattr(self, 'loading_text') and self.loading_text is not None:
+            self.plot.removeItem(self.loading_text)
+            self.loading_text = None
+
+        if self.graph is not None and not self.rendered:
+            if hasattr(self, 'loading_text') and self.loading_text is not None:
+                self.plot.removeItem(self.loading_text)
+                self.loading_text = None
+            # Show loading indicator
+            self.loading_text = pg.TextItem(
+                text="Press 🔄 to load your graph",
+                color=(100, 100, 100),
+                anchor=(0.5, 0.5)
+            )
+            self.loading_text.setPos(0, 0)  # Center of view
+            self.plot.addItem(self.loading_text)
+        elif not self.rendered:
+            self.loading_text = pg.TextItem(
+                text="No network detected",
+                color=(100, 100, 100),
+                anchor=(0.5, 0.5)
+            )
+            self.loading_text.setPos(0, 0)  # Center of view
+            self.plot.addItem(self.loading_text)
+    
+    def load_graph(self):
+        """Load and render the graph (in separate thread)"""
+
+        # Clear existing visualization
+        self._clear_graph()
+
+        if hasattr(self, 'loading_text') and self.loading_text is not None:
+            self.plot.removeItem(self.loading_text)
+            self.loading_text = None
+
+        if self.graph is None or len(self.graph.nodes()) == 0:
+            # Show loading indicator
+            self.loading_text = pg.TextItem(
+                text="No network detected",
+                color=(100, 100, 100),
+                anchor=(0.5, 0.5)
+            )
+            self.loading_text.setPos(0, 0)  # Center of view
+            self.plot.addItem(self.loading_text)
+            return
+
+        if hasattr(self, 'loading_text') and self.loading_text is not None:
+            self.plot.removeItem(self.loading_text)
+            self.loading_text = None
+
+        # Show loading indicator
+        self.loading_text = pg.TextItem(
+            text="Loading graph...",
+            color=(100, 100, 100),
+            anchor=(0.5, 0.5)
+        )
+        self.loading_text.setPos(0, 0)  # Center of view
+        self.plot.addItem(self.loading_text)
+        
+        # Start loading in thread
+        self.load_thread = GraphLoadThread(
+            self.graph, self.geometric, self.component, self.centroids,
+            self.communities, self.community_dict,
+            self.identities, self.identity_dict, self.weight, self.z_size
+        )
+        self.load_thread.finished.connect(self._on_graph_loaded)
+        self.load_thread.start()
+
+    @pyqtSlot(object)
+    def _on_graph_loaded(self, result):
+        """Handle loaded graph data from thread"""
+        # Remove loading indicator
+        if hasattr(self, 'loading_text') and self.loading_text is not None:
+            self.plot.removeItem(self.loading_text)
+            self.loading_text = None
+        
+        self.node_positions = result['pos']
+        self.node_colors = result['colors']
+        self.node_sizes = result['sizes']
+        self.base_node_sizes = result['sizes'].copy()
+        
+        # Cache the prepared data for fast updates
+        self.cached_spots = result['node_spots']
+        self.cached_brushes = result['brush_cache']
+        self.cached_sizes_for_lod = result['sizes'].copy()
+        
+        # Build node-to-index mapping
+        self.cached_node_to_index = {spot['data']: i 
+                                      for i, spot in enumerate(self.cached_spots)}
+        
+        # Fast render - data is already prepared
+        self._render_prepared_data(result)
+        
+        # Reset view to show entire graph
+        self.rendered = True
+        # Block signals during reset to avoid triggering _on_view_changed
+        self.plot.blockSignals(True)
+        self._reset_view()
+        self.plot.blockSignals(False)
+        # Add legend if identities are enabled
+        if (self.identities and self.identity_dict) or (self.communities and self.community_dict):
+            # Clear old legend
+            for i in reversed(range(self.legend_layout.count())): 
+                self.legend_layout.itemAt(i).widget().setParent(None)
+            
+            # Create and add new legend
+            legend = self._create_identity_legend()
+            if legend:
+                self.legend_layout.addWidget(legend)
+                self.legend_container.setMaximumWidth(200)
+        else:
+            self.legend_container.setMaximumWidth(0)  # Hide if no identities
+        if len(self.parent_window.clicked_values['nodes']) > 0:
+            self.select_nodes(self.parent_window.clicked_values['nodes'])
+
+
+    def _render_prepared_data(self, result):
+        """Render pre-computed data (minimal main thread work)"""
+        # Clear old items
+        self.scatter.clear()
+        for item in self.edge_items:
+            self.plot.removeItem(item)
+        self.edge_items.clear()
+        for label_item in self.label_items.values():
+            self.plot.removeItem(label_item)
+        self.label_items.clear()
+        
+        # Render edges - batched by weight for efficiency
+        edge_batches = result['edge_pens']
+        if edge_batches:
+            for batch in edge_batches:
+                edge_line = PlotCurveItem(
+                    x=batch['x'],
+                    y=batch['y'],
+                    pen=pg.mkPen(color=(150, 150, 150, 100), width=batch['thickness']),
+                    connect='finite'  # Break lines at NaN
+                )
+                self.plot.addItem(edge_line)
+                self.edge_items.append(edge_line)
+        
+        # Render nodes - use cached spots directly
+        self.scatter.setData(spots=self.cached_spots)
+        self.scatter.setZValue(10)
+        
+        # Build node items mapping
+        nodes = list(self.graph.nodes())
+        self.node_items = {node: i for i, node in enumerate(nodes)}
+        
+        # Store label data for later rendering
+        self.label_data = result['label_data']
+        
+        # Only render labels immediately if graph is small (< 100 nodes)
+        if self.labels and len(self.label_data) < 100:
+            self._update_labels_in_viewport(len(self.label_data))
+
+    def _render_nodes(self):
+        """OPTIMIZED: Only update brushes for nodes that changed selection state"""
+        
+        if not self.cached_spots or not self.cached_brushes:
+            return
+        
+        # Find nodes whose selection state changed
+        newly_selected = self.selected_nodes - self.last_selected_set
+        newly_deselected = self.last_selected_set - self.selected_nodes
+        
+        # If nothing changed, skip update
+        if not newly_selected and not newly_deselected:
+            return
+        
+        # Update only changed nodes using cached brushes
+        for node in newly_selected:
+            if node in self.cached_node_to_index:
+                idx = self.cached_node_to_index[node]
+                self.cached_spots[idx]['brush'] = self.cached_brushes[node]['selected']
+        
+        for node in newly_deselected:
+            if node in self.cached_node_to_index:
+                idx = self.cached_node_to_index[node]
+                self.cached_spots[idx]['brush'] = self.cached_brushes[node]['normal']
+        
+        # Update the scatter plot with modified spots
+        self.scatter.setData(spots=self.cached_spots)
+        
+        # Update last selection state
+        self.last_selected_set = self.selected_nodes.copy()
+    
+    def _render_labels_batch(self, label_data_subset):
+        """Render labels in batches (but still slow for large graphs)"""
+        # Clear existing labels first
+        for label_item in self.label_items.values():
+            self.plot.removeItem(label_item)
+        self.label_items.clear()
+        
+        if not label_data_subset:
+            return
+        
+        # Batch size for yielding control back to event loop
+        batch_size = 50
+        
+        for i, label_info in enumerate(label_data_subset):
+            text_item = pg.TextItem(
+                text=label_info['text'],
+                color=(0, 0, 0),
+                anchor=(0.5, 0.5)
+            )
+            text_item.setPos(label_info['pos'][0], label_info['pos'][1])
+            text_item.setZValue(20)
+            self.plot.addItem(text_item)
+            self.label_items[label_info['node']] = text_item
+            
+            # Yield control periodically to keep UI responsive
+            if (i + 1) % batch_size == 0:
+                QApplication.processEvents()
+    
+    def _update_labels_for_zoom(self):
+        """Show/hide labels based on zoom level and graph size with viewport awareness"""
+        if not self.labels or not self.label_data:
+            return
+        
+        num_nodes = len(self.label_data)
+        
+        # Determine zoom threshold based on graph size
+        if num_nodes < 100:
+            zoom_threshold = 0  # Always show labels
+        elif num_nodes < 500:
+            zoom_threshold = 1.5
+        else:
+            zoom_threshold = 3.0
+        
+        # Check if we're above the zoom threshold
+        should_show_labels = self.current_zoom_factor > zoom_threshold
+        
+        if should_show_labels:
+            # Update labels based on current viewport
+            self._update_labels_in_viewport(num_nodes)
+        else:
+            # Clear all labels when zoomed out below threshold
+            if self.label_items:
+                for label_item in self.label_items.values():
+                    self.plot.removeItem(label_item)
+                self.label_items.clear()
+    
+    def _update_labels_in_viewport(self, num_nodes):
+        """Update labels to show only those in current viewport"""
+        # Get current view range
+        view_range = self.plot.viewRange()
+        x_min, x_max = view_range[0]
+        y_min, y_max = view_range[1]
+        
+        # Find which labels should be visible
+        visible_node_set = set()
+        labels_to_render = []
+        
+        for label_info in self.label_data:
+            if x_min <= label_info['pos'][0] <= x_max and y_min <= label_info['pos'][1] <= y_max:
+                visible_node_set.add(label_info['node'])
+                labels_to_render.append(label_info)
+        
+        # For small graphs or when not many visible labels, render all in viewport
+        max_visible_labels = 200 if num_nodes >= 500 else 1000
+        
+        if len(labels_to_render) > max_visible_labels:
+            # Too many labels to render - skip
+            if self.label_items:
+                for label_item in self.label_items.values():
+                    self.plot.removeItem(label_item)
+                self.label_items.clear()
+            return
+        
+        # Get currently rendered nodes
+        current_node_set = set(self.label_items.keys())
+        
+        # Remove labels for nodes no longer in viewport
+        nodes_to_remove = current_node_set - visible_node_set
+        for node in nodes_to_remove:
+            if node in self.label_items:
+                self.plot.removeItem(self.label_items[node])
+                del self.label_items[node]
+        
+        # Add labels for new nodes in viewport
+        nodes_to_add = visible_node_set - current_node_set
+        for label_info in labels_to_render:
+            node = label_info['node']
+            if node in nodes_to_add:
+                text_item = pg.TextItem(
+                    text=label_info['text'],
+                    color=(0, 0, 0),
+                    anchor=(0.5, 0.5)
+                )
+                text_item.setPos(label_info['pos'][0], label_info['pos'][1])
+                text_item.setZValue(20)
+                self.plot.addItem(text_item)
+                self.label_items[node] = text_item
+    
+    def _render_labels(self):
+        """Render node labels if enabled (legacy method - kept for compatibility)"""
+        # Use the smart rendering instead
+        if self.label_data:
+            self._update_labels_for_zoom()
+    
+    def _render_edges(self, edges):
+        """Render edges with optional weight-based thickness (OPTIMIZED: single combined line)"""
+        # Remove old edges
+        for item in self.edge_items:
+            self.plot.removeItem(item)
+        self.edge_items.clear()
+        
+        if not edges:
+            return
+        
+        # Get weight range for normalization if using weights
+        if self.weight:
+            weights = [w for _, _, w in edges]
+            if len(weights) > 0:
+                min_weight = min(weights)
+                max_weight = max(weights)
+                weight_range = max_weight - min_weight if max_weight > min_weight else 1
+            else:
+                weight_range = 1
+                min_weight = 0
+        
+        # Combine all edges into single line with NaN separators
+        x_combined = []
+        y_combined = []
+        thicknesses = []
+        
+        for x, y, weight in edges:
+            if self.weight and 'weight_range' in locals() and weight_range > 0:
+                # Normalize weight to thickness range (0.5 - 3.0)
+                normalized = (weight - min_weight) / weight_range
+                thickness = 0.5 + normalized * 2.5
+            else:
+                thickness = 1.0
+            
+            thicknesses.append(thickness)
+            
+            # Add edge coordinates with NaN separator
+            x_combined.extend([x[0], x[1], np.nan])
+            y_combined.extend([y[0], y[1], np.nan])
+        
+        # Use average thickness
+        avg_thickness = np.mean(thicknesses) if thicknesses else 1.0
+        
+        # Create single line with all edges
+        edge_line = PlotCurveItem(
+            x=np.array(x_combined),
+            y=np.array(y_combined),
+            pen=pg.mkPen(color=(150, 150, 150, 100), width=avg_thickness),
+            connect='finite'
+        )
+        self.plot.addItem(edge_line)
+        self.edge_items.append(edge_line)
+        
+        # Ensure nodes are on top
+        self.scatter.setZValue(10)
+    
+    def _hex_to_rgb(self, hex_color):
+        """Convert hex color to RGB tuple"""
+        hex_color = hex_color.lstrip('#')
+        return tuple(int(hex_color[i:i+2], 16) for i in (0, 2, 4))
+    
+    def _on_plot_clicked(self, ev):
+        """Handle clicks on the plot background"""
+        if not self.selection_mode:
+            return
+        
+        # Only handle left button clicks
+        if ev.button() != Qt.MouseButton.LeftButton:
+            return
+        
+        # Get the position in scene coordinates
+        scene_pos = ev.scenePos()
+        
+        # Check if click was on a node (scatter will handle it)
+        items = self.plot.scene().items(scene_pos)
+        for item in items:
+            if item == self.scatter:
+                # Click was on scatter plot, let node handler deal with it
+                return
+        
+        # Click was on background
+        modifiers = ev.modifiers()
+        ctrl_pressed = modifiers & Qt.KeyboardModifier.ControlModifier
+        
+        if not ctrl_pressed:
+            # Deselect all nodes
+            self.selected_nodes.clear()
+            self._render_nodes()
+            self.node_selected.emit([])
+        
+        # Ctrl+Click on background does nothing (as requested)
+    
+    def _on_mouse_moved(self, pos):
+        """Handle mouse movement for area selection"""
+        if self.is_area_selecting and self.selection_rect:
+            # Update selection rectangle
+            view_pos = self.plot.vb.mapSceneToView(pos)
+            start_pos = self.selection_start_pos
+            
+            # Update rectangle size
+            width = view_pos.x() - start_pos.x()
+            height = view_pos.y() - start_pos.y()
+            
+            self.selection_rect.setSize([width, height])
+    
+    def _start_area_selection(self, scene_pos):
+        """Start area selection with rectangle"""
+        self.is_area_selecting = True
+        
+        # Convert to view coordinates
+        view_pos = self.plot.vb.mapSceneToView(scene_pos)
+        self.selection_start_pos = view_pos
+        
+        # Create selection rectangle
+        if self.selection_rect:
+            self.plot.removeItem(self.selection_rect)
+        
+        # Create ROI for selection area
+        self.selection_rect = pg.ROI(
+            [view_pos.x(), view_pos.y()],
+            [0, 0],
+            pen=pg.mkPen('b', width=2, style=Qt.PenStyle.DashLine),
+            movable=False,
+            resizable=False
+        )
+        self.selection_rect.setAcceptedMouseButtons(Qt.MouseButton.NoButton)
+        self.plot.addItem(self.selection_rect)
+    
+    def _finish_area_selection(self, ev):
+        """Finish area selection and select nodes in rectangle"""
+        if not self.is_area_selecting or not self.selection_rect:
+            return
+        
+        # Get rectangle bounds
+        rect_pos = self.selection_rect.pos()
+        rect_size = self.selection_rect.size()
+        
+        x_min = rect_pos[0]
+        y_min = rect_pos[1]
+        x_max = x_min + rect_size[0]
+        y_max = y_min + rect_size[1]
+        
+        # Normalize bounds (in case user dragged backwards)
+        if x_min > x_max:
+            x_min, x_max = x_max, x_min
+        if y_min > y_max:
+            y_min, y_max = y_max, y_min
+        
+        # Remove selection rectangle
+        if self.selection_rect:
+            self.plot.removeItem(self.selection_rect)
+            self.selection_rect = None
+        
+        self.is_area_selecting = False
+        self.selection_start_pos = None
+        
+        # ZOOM MODE: Zoom to rectangle
+        if self.zoom_mode:
+            # Add small padding (5%)
+            x_range = x_max - x_min
+            y_range = y_max - y_min
+            padding = 0.05
+            
+            self.plot.setXRange(x_min - padding * x_range, 
+                               x_max + padding * x_range, padding=0)
+            self.plot.setYRange(y_min - padding * y_range, 
+                               y_max + padding * y_range, padding=0)
+            return
+        
+        # SELECTION MODE: Select nodes in rectangle
+        if self.selection_mode:
+            # Find nodes in rectangle
+            selected_in_rect = []
+            for node, pos in self.node_positions.items():
+                if x_min <= pos[0] <= x_max and y_min <= pos[1] <= y_max:
+                    selected_in_rect.append(node)
+            
+            # Add to selection
+            modifiers = ev.modifiers()
+            ctrl_pressed = modifiers & Qt.KeyboardModifier.ControlModifier
+            
+            if not ctrl_pressed:
+                self.selected_nodes = set()
+            self.selected_nodes.update(selected_in_rect)
+            self.push_selection()
+            
+            # Update visual representation
+            self._render_nodes()
+            
+            # Emit signal
+            self.node_selected.emit(list(self.selected_nodes))
+    
+    def _toggle_selection_mode(self):
+        """Toggle selection mode"""
+        self.selection_mode = self.select_btn.isChecked()
+        
+        if self.selection_mode:
+            self.pan_btn.setChecked(False)
+            self.zoom_btn.setChecked(False)
+            self.zoom_mode = False
+            # Disable panning, but allow wheel events to be handled manually
+            self.plot.setCursor(Qt.CursorShape.ArrowCursor)
+            self.plot.vb.setMenuEnabled(False)
+            self.plot.setMouseEnabled(x=False, y=False)
+        else:
+            # If nothing else is checked, check pan by default
+            if not self.pan_btn.isChecked() and not self.zoom_btn.isChecked():
+                self.pan_btn.click()
+    
+    def _toggle_pan_mode(self):
+        """Toggle pan mode"""
+        if self.pan_btn.isChecked():
+            self.select_btn.setChecked(False)
+            self.zoom_btn.setChecked(False)
+            self.selection_mode = False
+            self.zoom_mode = False
+            # Enable panning
+            self.plot.vb.setMenuEnabled(True)
+            self.plot.setCursor(Qt.CursorShape.OpenHandCursor)
+            self.plot.setMouseEnabled(x=True, y=True)
+        else:
+            # Disable panning
+            if not self.select_btn.isChecked() and not self.zoom_btn.isChecked():
+                self.select_btn.click()
+
+    def _toggle_zoom_mode(self):
+        """Toggle zoom mode"""
+        self.zoom_mode = self.zoom_btn.isChecked()
+        
+        if self.zoom_mode:
+            self.select_btn.setChecked(False)
+            self.pan_btn.setChecked(False)
+            self.selection_mode = False
+            # Disable default panning for zoom mode
+            self.plot.setCursor(Qt.CursorShape.CrossCursor)
+            self.plot.vb.setMenuEnabled(False)
+            self.plot.setMouseEnabled(x=False, y=False)
+        else:
+            # If nothing else is checked, check pan by default
+            if not self.pan_btn.isChecked() and not self.select_btn.isChecked():
+                self.select_btn.click()
+        
+    def eventFilter(self, obj, event):
+        """Filter events for custom mouse handling"""
+        from PyQt6.QtCore import QEvent
+        from PyQt6.QtGui import QMouseEvent
+        
+        # Only handle events for the graphics scene
+        if obj != self.plot.scene():
+            return super().eventFilter(obj, event)
+        
+        if event.type() == QEvent.Type.GraphicsSceneMousePress:            
+            # Handle middle mouse button for temporary panning in selection mode
+            if event.button() == Qt.MouseButton.MiddleButton:
+                if self.selection_mode or self.zoom_mode:
+                    self._start_temp_pan()
+                    return False  # Let the event propagate for panning
+            
+            # SELECTION MODE: Handle left button for area selection
+            elif event.button() == Qt.MouseButton.LeftButton and (self.selection_mode or self.zoom_mode):
+                # Store position and start timer for long press detection
+                self.last_mouse_pos = event.scenePos()
+                if not self.click_timer:
+                    self.click_timer = QTimer()
+                    self.click_timer.setSingleShot(True)
+                    self.click_timer.timeout.connect(self._on_long_press)
+                self.click_timer.start(200)  # 200ms threshold for area selection
+        
+        elif event.type() == QEvent.Type.GraphicsSceneMouseMove:
+            # Check if we should start area selection
+            if (self.selection_mode or self.zoom_mode) and self.click_timer and self.click_timer.isActive():
+                if self.last_mouse_pos:
+                    # Check if mouse moved significantly
+                    current_pos = event.scenePos()
+                    delta_x = abs(current_pos.x() - self.last_mouse_pos.x())
+                    delta_y = abs(current_pos.y() - self.last_mouse_pos.y())
+                    
+                    if delta_x > 10 or delta_y > 10:  # Moved significantly
+                        self.click_timer.stop()
+                        if not self.is_area_selecting:
+                            self._start_area_selection(self.last_mouse_pos)
+
+        
+        elif event.type() == QEvent.Type.GraphicsSceneMouseRelease:
+            # Handle middle mouse release
+            if event.button() == Qt.MouseButton.MiddleButton:
+                if self.temp_pan_active:
+                    self._end_temp_pan()
+                    return False  # Let event propagate
+            
+            # Handle left button release in selection mode
+            elif event.button() == Qt.MouseButton.LeftButton and (self.selection_mode or self.zoom_mode):
+                if self.click_timer and self.click_timer.isActive():
+                    self.click_timer.stop()
+                
+                if self.is_area_selecting:
+                    self._finish_area_selection(event)
+                    return True  # Consume event
+            elif event.button() == Qt.MouseButton.RightButton and self.selection_mode:
+                mouse_point = self.plot.getViewBox().mapSceneToView(event.scenePos())
+                x, y = mouse_point.x(), mouse_point.y()
+                self.create_context_menu(event)
+
+            # ZOOM MODE: Handle left/right click for zoom
+            if self.zoom_mode:
+                if event.button() == Qt.MouseButton.LeftButton:
+                    # Zoom in
+                    self._zoom_at_point(event.scenePos(), 2)
+                    return True
+                elif event.button() == Qt.MouseButton.RightButton:
+                    # Zoom out
+                    self._zoom_at_point(event.scenePos(), 0.5)
+                    return True
+        
+        elif event.type() == QEvent.Type.GraphicsSceneWheel:
+            # Handle wheel events in selection mode
+            if self.selection_mode or self.zoom_mode:
+                self._handle_wheel_in_selection(event)
+                return False  # Let event propagate for actual zooming
+        
+        return super().eventFilter(obj, event)
+    
+    def _on_long_press(self):
+        """Handle long press for area selection"""
+        if (self.selection_mode or self.zoom_mode) and self.last_mouse_pos:
+            # Start area selection at stored mouse position
+            self._start_area_selection(self.last_mouse_pos)
+    
+    def _start_temp_pan(self):
+        """Start temporary panning mode with middle mouse"""
+        self.temp_pan_active = True
+        # Temporarily enable panning
+        self.plot.setMouseEnabled(x=True, y=True)
+    
+    def _end_temp_pan(self):
+        """End temporary panning mode"""
+        self.temp_pan_active = False
+        # Disable mouse if we're in selection mode
+        if self.selection_mode:
+            self.plot.setMouseEnabled(x=False, y=False)
+    
+    def _handle_wheel_in_selection(self, event):
+        """Handle wheel events in selection mode - temporarily enable pan for zoom"""
+        # Temporarily enable mouse for zooming
+        if not self.was_in_selection_before_wheel:
+            self.was_in_selection_before_wheel = True
+            self.plot.setMouseEnabled(x=True, y=True)
+        
+        # Reset or create timer
+        if not self.wheel_timer:
+            self.wheel_timer = QTimer()
+            self.wheel_timer.setSingleShot(True)
+            self.wheel_timer.timeout.connect(self._end_wheel_zoom)
+        
+        # Restart timer (500ms after last wheel event)
+        self.wheel_timer.start(500)
+    
+    def _end_wheel_zoom(self):
+        """End wheel zoom and return to selection mode"""
+        if self.was_in_selection_before_wheel and self.selection_mode:
+            self.plot.setMouseEnabled(x=False, y=False)
+            self.was_in_selection_before_wheel = False
+    
+    def _zoom_at_point(self, scene_pos, scale_factor):
+        """Zoom in or out at a specific point"""
+        # Convert scene position to view coordinates
+        view_pos = self.plot.vb.mapSceneToView(scene_pos)
+        
+        # Get current view range
+        view_range = self.plot.viewRange()
+        x_range = view_range[0]
+        y_range = view_range[1]
+        
+        # Calculate current center and size
+        x_center = (x_range[0] + x_range[1]) / 2
+        y_center = (y_range[0] + y_range[1]) / 2
+        x_size = x_range[1] - x_range[0]
+        y_size = y_range[1] - y_range[0]
+        
+        # Calculate new size
+        new_x_size = x_size / scale_factor
+        new_y_size = y_size / scale_factor
+        
+        # Calculate offset to zoom toward the point
+        x_offset = (view_pos.x() - x_center) * (1 - 1/scale_factor)
+        y_offset = (view_pos.y() - y_center) * (1 - 1/scale_factor)
+        
+        # Set new range
+        new_x_center = x_center + x_offset
+        new_y_center = y_center + y_offset
+        
+        self.plot.setXRange(new_x_center - new_x_size/2, new_x_center + new_x_size/2, padding=0)
+        self.plot.setYRange(new_y_center - new_y_size/2, new_y_center + new_y_size/2, padding=0)
+    
+    def _reset_view(self):
+        """Reset view to show entire graph"""
+        if not self.node_positions:
+            return
+        
+        nodes = list(self.node_positions.keys())
+        if not nodes:
+            return
+        
+        pos_array = np.array([self.node_positions[n] for n in nodes])
+        
+        # Get bounds
+        x_min, y_min = pos_array.min(axis=0)
+        x_max, y_max = pos_array.max(axis=0)
+        
+        # Add padding
+        padding = 0.1
+        x_range = x_max - x_min
+        y_range = y_max - y_min
+        
+        self.plot.setXRange(x_min - padding * x_range, 
+                           x_max + padding * x_range, padding=0)
+        self.plot.setYRange(y_min - padding * y_range, 
+                           y_max + padding * y_range, padding=0)
+    
+    def _clear_graph(self):
+        """Clear the graph visualization"""
+        if self.load_thread is not None and self.load_thread.isRunning():
+            self.load_thread.finished.disconnect()
+            self.load_thread.terminate()  # Forcefully kill the thread
+            self.load_thread.wait()       # Wait for it to fully terminate
+            self.load_thread = None       # Clear the reference
+        
+        # Remove loading indicator if it exists
+        if hasattr(self, 'loading_text') and self.loading_text is not None:
+            self.plot.removeItem(self.loading_text)
+            self.loading_text = None
+        
+        # Clear scatter plot
+        self.scatter.clear()
+        
+        # Clear edges
+        for item in self.edge_items:
+            self.plot.removeItem(item)
+        self.edge_items.clear()
+        
+        # Force clear all labels - be aggressive
+        # First clear from our tracking dict
+        if hasattr(self, 'label_items') and self.label_items:
+            for label_item in list(self.label_items.values()):
+                try:
+                    self.plot.removeItem(label_item)
+                except:
+                    pass
+            self.label_items.clear()
+
+        #Remove legend
+        try:
+            for i in reversed(range(self.legend_layout.count())): 
+                self.legend_layout.itemAt(i).widget().setParent(None)
+        except:
+            pass
+
+        # remove ALL TextItems from the plot
+        # This catches any labels that might not be tracked properly
+        items_to_remove = []
+        for item in self.plot.items:
+            if isinstance(item, pg.TextItem):
+                items_to_remove.append(item)
+        for item in items_to_remove:
+            self.plot.removeItem(item)
+        
+        # Clear selection rectangle if exists
+        if self.selection_rect:
+            self.plot.removeItem(self.selection_rect)
+            self.selection_rect = None
+        
+        # Clear data
+        self.node_positions.clear()
+        self.node_items.clear()
+        self.selected_nodes.clear()
+        self.rendered = False
+        if hasattr(self, 'label_data'):
+            self.label_data.clear()
+        
+        # Clear cache
+        self.cached_spots.clear()
+        self.cached_node_to_index.clear()
+        self.cached_brushes.clear()
+        self.last_selected_set.clear()
+        self.cached_sizes_for_lod.clear()
+
+        if self.graph is None or len(self.graph.nodes()) == 0:
+            # Show loading indicator
+            self.loading_text = pg.TextItem(
+                text="No network detected",
+                color=(100, 100, 100),
+                anchor=(0.5, 0.5)
+            )
+        else:
+            # Show loading indicator
+            self.loading_text = pg.TextItem(
+                text="Press 🔄 to load your graph",
+                color=(100, 100, 100),
+                anchor=(0.5, 0.5)
+            )
+
+        self.loading_text.setPos(0, 0)  # Center of view
+        self.plot.addItem(self.loading_text)
+    
+    def select_nodes(self, nodes, add_to_selection=False):
+        """
+        Programmatically select nodes.
+        
+        Parameters:
+        -----------
+        nodes : list
+            List of node IDs to select
+        add_to_selection : bool
+            If True, add to existing selection. If False, replace selection.
+        """
+        if not add_to_selection:
+            self.selected_nodes.clear()
+        
+        # Add valid nodes to selection
+        for node in nodes:
+            if node in self.node_items:
+                self.selected_nodes.add(node)
+        
+        # Update visual representation
+        self._render_nodes()
+        
+        # Emit signal
+        self.node_selected.emit(list(self.selected_nodes))
+    
+    def clear_selection(self):
+        """Clear all selected nodes"""
+        self.selected_nodes.clear()
+        self._render_nodes()
+        self.node_selected.emit([])
+    
+    def _on_node_clicked(self, scatter, points, ev):
+        """Handle node click events"""
+        if not self.selection_mode or len(points) == 0:
+            return
+        
+        # Get clicked node
+        point = points[0]
+        clicked_node = point.data()
+        
+        # Check if Ctrl is pressed
+        modifiers = ev.modifiers()
+        ctrl_pressed = modifiers & Qt.KeyboardModifier.ControlModifier
+        
+        if ctrl_pressed:
+            # Toggle selection for this node
+            if clicked_node in self.selected_nodes:
+                self.selected_nodes.remove(clicked_node)
+            else:
+                self.selected_nodes.add(clicked_node)
+        else:
+            # Clear previous selection and select only this node
+            self.selected_nodes.clear()
+            self.selected_nodes.add(clicked_node)
+        self.push_selection()
+        
+        # Update visual representation
+        self._render_nodes()
+        
+        # Emit signal with all selected nodes
+        self.node_selected.emit(list(self.selected_nodes))
+
+    def push_selection(self):
+        self.parent_window.clicked_values['nodes'] = list(self.selected_nodes)
+        self.parent_window.evaluate_mini(subgraph_push = True)
+        self.parent_window.handle_info('node')
+
+    def get_selected_nodes(self):
+        """Get the list of currently selected nodes"""
+        return list(self.selected_nodes)
+    
+    def get_selected_node(self):
+        """
+        Get a single selected node (for backwards compatibility).
+        Returns the first selected node or None.
+        """
+        if self.selected_nodes:
+            return next(iter(self.selected_nodes))
+        return None
+
+
+    def handle_find_action(self):
+        try:
+            val = self.parent_window.clicked_values['nodes'][-1]
+            self.parent_window.handle_info(sort = 'node')
+            if val in self.centroids:
+                centroid = self.centroids[val]
+                self.parent_window.set_active_channel(0) 
+                # Toggle on the nodes channel if it's not already visible
+                if not self.parent_window.channel_visible[0]:
+                    self.parent_window.channel_buttons[0].setChecked(True)
+                    self.parent_window.toggle_channel(0)
+                # Navigate to the Z-slice
+                self.parent_window.slice_slider.setValue(int(centroid[0]))
+                print(f"Found node {val} at [Z,Y,X] -> {centroid}")
+                self.push_selection()
+        except:
+            pass
+
+
+    def save_table_as(self, file_type):
+        """Save the table data as either CSV or Excel file."""
+        
+        if self != self.parent_window.selection_graph_widget:
+            table_name = "Network"
+            df = self.parent_window.network_table.model()._data
+        else:
+            df = self.parent_window.selection_table.model()._data
+            table_name = "Selection"
+        
+        # Get save file name
+        file_filter = ("CSV Files (*.csv)" if file_type == 'csv' else 
+                      "Excel Files (*.xlsx)" if file_type == 'xlsx' else 
+                      "Gephi Graph (*.gexf)" if file_type == 'gexf' else
+                      "GraphML (*.graphml)" if file_type == 'graphml' else
+                      "Pajek Network (*.net)")
+
+        filename, _ = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(
+            self,
+            f"Save {table_name} Table As",
+            "",
+            file_filter
+        )
+
+        if filename:
+            try:
+                if file_type == 'csv':
+                    # If user didn't type extension, add .csv
+                    if not filename.endswith('.csv'):
+                        filename += '.csv'
+                    df.to_csv(filename, index=False)
+                elif file_type == 'xlsx':
+                    # If user didn't type extension, add .xlsx
+                    if not filename.endswith('.xlsx'):
+                        filename += '.xlsx'
+                    df.to_excel(filename, index=False)
+                elif file_type == 'gexf':
+                    # If user didn't type extension, add .gexf
+                    if not filename.endswith('.gexf'):
+                        filename += '.gexf'
+                    #for node in my_network.network.nodes():
+                        #my_network.network.nodes[node]['label'] = str(node)
+                    nx.write_gexf(self.graph, filename, encoding='utf-8', prettyprint=True)
+                elif file_type == 'graphml':
+                    # If user didn't type extension, add .graphml
+                    if not filename.endswith('.graphml'):
+                        filename += '.graphml'
+                    nx.write_graphml(self.graph, filename)
+                elif file_type == 'net':
+                    # If user didn't type extension, add .net
+                    if not filename.endswith('.net'):
+                        filename += '.net'
+                    nx.write_pajek(self.graph, filename)
+                    
+                QMessageBox.information(
+                    self,
+                    "Success",
+                    f"{table_name} table successfully saved to {filename}"
+                )
+            except Exception as e:
+                QMessageBox.critical(
+                    self,
+                    "Error",
+                    f"Failed to save file: {str(e)}"
+                )
+
+
+    def create_context_menu(self, event):
+        # Get the index at the clicked position
+        # Create context menu
+        context_menu = QMenu(self)
+        
+        find_action = context_menu.addAction("Find Node")
+
+        find_action.triggered.connect(self.handle_find_action)
+        neigh_action = context_menu.addAction("Show Neighbors")
+        neigh_action.triggered.connect(self.parent_window.handle_show_neighbors)
+        com_action = context_menu.addAction("Show Community")
+        com_action.triggered.connect(self.parent_window.handle_show_communities)
+        comp_action = context_menu.addAction("Show Connected Component")
+        comp_action.triggered.connect(self.parent_window.handle_show_component)
+        # Add separator
+        context_menu.addSeparator()
+        
+        # Add Save As menu
+        save_menu = context_menu.addMenu("Save As")
+        save_csv = save_menu.addAction("CSV")
+        save_excel = save_menu.addAction("Excel")
+        save_gephi = save_menu.addAction("Gephi")
+        save_graphml = save_menu.addAction("GraphML")
+        save_pajek = save_menu.addAction("Pajek")
+        
+        # Connect the actions - ensure we're saving the active table
+        save_csv.triggered.connect(lambda: self.save_table_as('csv'))
+        save_excel.triggered.connect(lambda: self.save_table_as('xlsx'))
+        save_gephi.triggered.connect(lambda: self.save_table_as('gexf'))
+        save_graphml.triggered.connect(lambda: self.save_table_as('graphml'))
+        save_pajek.triggered.connect(lambda: self.save_table_as('net'))
+
+
+        if self == self.parent_window.selection_graph_widget:
+            set_action = context_menu.addAction("Swap with network table (also sets internal network properties - may affect related functions)")
+            set_action.triggered.connect(self.parent_window.selection_table.set_selection_to_active)
+        
+        # Show the menu at cursor position
+        view_widget = self.plot.getViewWidget()
+        
+        # Map scene position to view coordinates
+        view_pos = view_widget.mapFromScene(event.scenePos())
+        
+        # Map to global screen coordinates
+        global_pos = view_widget.mapToGlobal(view_pos)
+        
+        # Show the menu
+        context_menu.exec(global_pos)
+    
+    def update_params(self, weight=None, geometric=None, component = None, centroids=None,
+                     communities=None, community_dict=None,
+                     identities=None, identity_dict=None, labels=None, z_size = None):
+        """Update visualization parameters"""
+        if weight is not None:
+            self.weight = weight
+        if geometric is not None:
+            self.geometric = geometric
+        if component is not None:
+            self.component = component
+        if centroids is not None:
+            self.centroids = centroids
+        if communities is not None:
+            self.communities = communities
+        if community_dict is not None:
+            self.community_dict = community_dict
+        if identities is not None:
+            self.identities = identities
+        if identity_dict is not None:
+            self.identity_dict = identity_dict
+        if labels is not None:
+            self.labels = labels
+        if z_size is not None:
+            self.z_size = z_size
+    
+    def _on_view_changed(self):
+        """Handle view range changes for level-of-detail adjustments"""
+        if not self.node_positions or len(self.node_positions) == 0:
+            return
+        
+        # Calculate current zoom factor based on view range
+        view_range = self.plot.viewRange()
+        x_range = view_range[0][1] - view_range[0][0]
+        y_range = view_range[1][1] - view_range[1][0]
+        
+        # Get initial full graph bounds
+        nodes = list(self.node_positions.keys())
+        pos_array = np.array([self.node_positions[n] for n in nodes])
+        
+        if len(pos_array) > 0:
+            full_x_range = pos_array[:, 0].max() - pos_array[:, 0].min()
+            full_y_range = pos_array[:, 1].max() - pos_array[:, 1].min()
+            
+            if full_x_range > 0 and full_y_range > 0:
+                # Calculate zoom factor (smaller view range = more zoomed in)
+                zoom_x = full_x_range / x_range if x_range > 0 else 1
+                zoom_y = full_y_range / y_range if y_range > 0 else 1
+                zoom_factor = max(zoom_x, zoom_y)
+                
+                # Update if zoom changed significantly (>10% change)
+                zoom_changed = abs(zoom_factor - self.current_zoom_factor) / max(self.current_zoom_factor, 0.01) > 0.1
+                if zoom_changed:
+                    self.current_zoom_factor = zoom_factor
+                    self._update_lod_rendering()
+                else:
+                    # Even if zoom didn't change, update labels for panning
+                    # (viewport changed but zoom level stayed the same)
+                    if self.labels:
+                        self._update_labels_for_zoom()
+    
+    def _update_lod_rendering(self):
+        """OPTIMIZED: Update rendering based on current zoom level using cached data"""
+        if not self.cached_spots or not self.cached_sizes_for_lod:
+            return
+        
+        # Adjust node sizes based on zoom
+        if self.current_zoom_factor > 1.5:
+            scale_factor = 1.0 + np.log10(self.current_zoom_factor) * 0.3
+        else:
+            scale_factor = 1.0
+        
+        # Update node sizes in cached spots
+        for i, base_size in enumerate(self.cached_sizes_for_lod):
+            self.cached_spots[i]['size'] = base_size * scale_factor
+        
+        # Update edge visibility based on zoom
+        if self.current_zoom_factor < 0.5:
+            edge_alpha = int(50 * self.current_zoom_factor)
+        elif self.current_zoom_factor > 2:
+            edge_alpha = min(150, int(100 + self.current_zoom_factor * 10))
+        else:
+            edge_alpha = 100
+        
+        # Update edge rendering (batched edge items)
+        if self.edge_items:
+            for edge_item in self.edge_items:
+                current_pen = edge_item.opts['pen']
+                if current_pen is not None:
+                    width = current_pen.widthF()
+                    new_pen = pg.mkPen(color=(150, 150, 150, edge_alpha), width=width)
+                    edge_item.setPen(new_pen)
+        
+        # Update labels based on zoom level
+        if self.labels:
+            self._update_labels_for_zoom()
+        
+        # Re-render nodes with new sizes
+        self.scatter.setData(spots=self.cached_spots)
+
+    def show_in_window(self, title="Network Graph", width=1000, height=800):
+        """Show the graph widget in a separate non-modal window"""
+        from PyQt6.QtWidgets import QMainWindow
+        
+        # Create new window
+        self.popup_window = QMainWindow()
+        self.popup_window.setWindowTitle(title)
+        self.popup_window.setGeometry(100, 100, width, height)
+        self.popup_window.setCentralWidget(self)
+        
+        # Show non-modal
+        self.popup_window.show()
+        
+        return self.popup_window
+
+
+# Example usage
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from PyQt6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow
+    import sys
+    
+    class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
+        def __init__(self):
+            super().__init__()
+            self.setWindowTitle("Network Graph Viewer")
+            self.setGeometry(100, 100, 1000, 800)
+            
+            # Create a sample graph
+            G = nx.karate_club_graph()
+            
+            # Add some weights
+            for u, v in G.edges():
+                G[u][v]['weight'] = np.random.uniform(0.5, 5.0)
+            
+            # Create sample community detection
+            communities = nx.community.greedy_modularity_communities(G)
+            community_dict = {}
+            for i, comm in enumerate(communities):
+                for node in comm:
+                    community_dict[node] = i
+            
+            # Create the widget
+            self.graph_widget = NetworkGraphWidget(
+                parent=self,
+                weight=True,
+                communities=True,
+                community_dict=community_dict,
+                labels=True  # Enable labels for testing
+            )
+            
+            self.setCentralWidget(self.graph_widget)
+            
+            # Set and load the graph
+            self.graph_widget.set_graph(G)
+            self.graph_widget.load_graph()
+            
+            # Connect signal
+            self.graph_widget.node_selected.connect(self.on_node_selected)
+        
+        def on_node_selected(self, nodes):
+            if nodes:
+                print(f"Selected nodes: {nodes}")
+            else:
+                print("No nodes selected")
+    
+    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
+    window = MainWindow()
+    window.show()
+    sys.exit(app.exec())