mrfkit 0.1.0__py3-none-any.whl

mrfkit/payers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2755 @@
+
+"""Normalize payer and plan names.
+
+The same insurer shows up as "AETNA HMO [1001103]", "JMPN AETNA", "Aetna Inc."
+and "95% Aetna". ``normalize_payer_name`` reduces those to one canonical name
+(plus any plan type it found in the payer string), ``is_self_pay_payer`` spots
+the cash / uninsured price published as if it were a payer, and
+``normalize_plan_name`` sorts free-text plan names into a small taxonomy.
+
+Everything here is pure. Pass a ``ReferenceData`` to add your own payer
+aliases or a match index of payers you already know.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import html
+import re
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, Optional, Tuple
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from mrfkit.reference import ReferenceData
+
+# ============================================================================
+# PAYER NAME NORMALIZATION
+# ============================================================================
+# Deterministic rules to clean raw payer_name values from hospital MRF files.
+# Problems addressed:
+#   1. Embedded contract IDs:  "AETNA HMO [1001103]" -> "Aetna"
+#   2. Hospital-specific prefixes: "JMPN AETNA [...]" -> "Aetna"
+#   3. Product-line suffixes mixed into name: "BLUE SHIELD PPO" -> "Blue Shield"
+#      (product line preserved as plan_type)
+#   4. Junk entries: "#N/A", "GENERIC HMO", etc. -> filtered out
+#   5. Inconsistent casing/spacing
+
+# Contract ID pattern: [digits] or [digits+letters] at end of string
+_CONTRACT_ID_RE = re.compile(r'\s*\[[\w]+\]\s*$')
+
+# Bracket-wrapped name pattern: entire payer name in matching square or angle brackets
+# e.g., "[Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Inc.]" or "<Self-Pay>"
+# Uses alternation to enforce matching pairs (no [Aetna> mismatches)
+_BRACKET_WRAPPED_RE = re.compile(r'^\[(.+)\]$|^<(.+)>$')
+
+# Self-pay / cash-pay payer names.  When a hospital publishes a rate with
+# one of these as the "payer", it is really the cash / uninsured price and
+# belongs in the item's discounted_cash_price, not in a payer rate.
+_SELF_PAY_NAMES = frozenset({
+    'SELF PAY',
+    'SELF-PAY',
+    'SELFPAY',
+    'SELF PAYSELF-PAY',   # seen in Partners Healthcare data
+    'CASH',
+    'CASH PAY',
+    'CASH PRICE',
+    'CASH PRICE ESTIMATE',
+    'CASH DISCOUNT',
+    'PATIENT',
+    'PATIENT PAY',
+    'UNINSURED',
+    'UNINSURED/SELF-PAY',
+    'SELF-PAY/UNINSURED',
+    'NO INSURANCE',
+    'SELF',
+    'GROSS CHARGES',      # some MRFs publish gross as a "payer"
+    'GROSS CHARGE',
+    'CDM DEFAULT',        # Charge Description Master - hospital list price
+    'CDM',
+    'CHARGE MASTER',
+    'CHARGEMASTER',
+    'SELF PAY/UNINSURED DISCOUNT',  # seen in William Bee Ririe Hospital
+})
+
+
+# Keyword substrings that indicate a self-pay / uninsured row even when the
+# full label isn't in _SELF_PAY_NAMES.  Required so novel labels like
+# "Self Pay Rate", "Cash/Self Pay Price", "Uninsured Patient Estimate",
+# "Self-Pay (no insurance)" fold into discounted_cash_price instead of
+# being stored as fake payers with plan_category='Other'.
+#
+# Conservative on purpose:
+#   * SELF[ -]?PAY and UNINSURED are strong, unambiguous signals: no
+#     legitimate insurer name contains them.
+#   * CASH is NOT included as a substring (would mis-promote real names
+#     like "Cash America Insurance", "BlueCash PPO").  Stand-alone CASH
+#     and common CASH * combos are already covered by the exact-set above.
+#
+# Substrings are checked against the normalized uppercase ``working``
+# value (after html-unescape, quote-strip, bracket-unwrap, underscore to
+# space, whitespace collapse), so case and minor punctuation variations
+# don't matter.
+_SELF_PAY_KEYWORD_SUBSTRINGS = (
+    'SELF PAY',
+    'SELF-PAY',
+    'SELFPAY',
+    'UNINSURED',
+)
+
+
+def _contains_self_pay_keyword(upper_name: str) -> bool:
+    """Helper used by both ``is_self_pay_payer`` and (transitively by)
+    ``normalize_payer_name``'s ``%``-prefix branch to keep the two
+    self-pay matchers in sync."""
+    return any(kw in upper_name for kw in _SELF_PAY_KEYWORD_SUBSTRINGS)
+
+
+def is_self_pay_payer(raw_payer: Optional[str]) -> bool:
+    """Return True if the raw payer name represents a self-pay / cash price.
+
+    The check is case-insensitive and handles bracket/angle-bracket wrapping.
+
+    Strips a leading ``NN%`` (or ``NN.N%``) prefix before the exact-set /
+    keyword check so this matcher agrees with :func:`normalize_payer_name`,
+    which strips the same prefix. Without the strip, a row labeled e.g.
+    ``"30% Cash"`` was silently lost: the fold-to-cash step gates on
+    ``is_self_pay_payer`` (False because of the unstripped ``30%``), and
+    ``normalize_payer_name`` then returned None (discard).
+
+    In addition to the exact-set match against ``_SELF_PAY_NAMES``, accepts
+    any name containing the keyword substrings ``SELF PAY``, ``SELF-PAY``,
+    ``SELFPAY``, or ``UNINSURED``. Catches novel labels that aren't in the
+    exact set (e.g. ``"Self Pay Rate"``, ``"Uninsured Patient Estimate"``)
+    so they fold into ``discounted_cash_price`` rather than being stored as
+    fake payers.  ``CASH`` is intentionally NOT a substring trigger: real
+    insurer names like ``"Cash America Insurance"`` / ``"BlueCash PPO"``
+    would otherwise mis-promote.  Stand-alone CASH and the common CASH *
+    combos remain in the exact set.
+    """
+    if not raw_payer or not raw_payer.strip():
+        return False
+    working = html.unescape(str(raw_payer)).strip()
+    working = working.strip('"\'\u201c\u201d\u2018\u2019`')
+    if working.startswith('<') and working.endswith('>'):
+        working = working[1:-1].strip()
+
+    if _NUMERIC_PAYER_RE.match(working):
+        return False
+    # Unwrap brackets: [Self-Pay] or <Self-Pay>
+    m = _BRACKET_WRAPPED_RE.match(working)
+    if m:
+        working = (m.group(1) or m.group(2)).strip()
+    # Normalize underscores and collapse whitespace
+    working = working.replace('_', ' ')
+    working = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', working).strip()
+    # Strip a leading "NN%" / "NN.N%" so percentage-prefixed self-pay rows
+    # match the same _SELF_PAY_NAMES set as unprefixed rows.  Mirrors
+    # normalize_payer_name(); see _PCT_PREFIX_RE.
+    pct_match = _PCT_PREFIX_RE.match(working)
+    if pct_match:
+        working = pct_match.group(2).strip()
+    upper = working.upper()
+    if upper in _SELF_PAY_NAMES:
+        return True
+    # Broaden detection to keyword substrings so novel self-pay labels
+    # also fold into cash.
+    return _contains_self_pay_keyword(upper)
+
+# Hospital-specific prefixes to strip (case-insensitive, checked in order)
+# Longer prefixes first to avoid partial matches
+_HOSPITAL_PREFIXES = [
+    'SHCA COMM ',       # Sutter Health Care Alliance - Commercial
+    'HILLS ',           # Hills Physicians variant prefix
+    'PSYCH ',           # Psychiatric variant prefix (e.g., "PSYCH BLUE SHIELD...")
+    'JMPN ',            # John Muir Physician Network
+    'NODE ',            # AdventHealth/CHS internal system prefix
+    'MC GENERIC ',      # Plan-code prefix leaked into payer names
+    'TUH ',             # Temple University Hospital source prefix
+    'JNS ',             # Jefferson/Temple source prefix
+    'CHH ',             # Catholic Health/Hospice source prefix
+    'FCOD ',            # Facility-code prefix in NY payer extracts
+    'NACC ',            # Facility-code prefix in NY payer extracts
+    'JUP ',             # Facility-code prefix in NY payer extracts
+    'STOD ',            # Facility-code prefix in NY payer extracts
+    'PAYER ',           # Literal field-label prefix from malformed extracts
+    'PRO ',             # Provider-system prefix, e.g. "PRO UHC Commercial"
+]
+
+# Product-line / network suffixes to extract as plan_type
+# Order matters: longer patterns first to avoid partial matches
+_PLAN_TYPE_SUFFIXES = [
+    ' MEDICARE ADVANTAGE',
+    ' MEDICARE ADV',
+    ' MEDICARE A/B REBILL',
+    ' MCR ADV - ALL PLANS',
+    ' MCR ADV - ALL OTHER PLANS',
+    ' MCR ADV',
+    ' COMM - ALL OTHER PLANS',
+    ' PPO/HPN - ALL OTHER PLANS',
+    ' PPO/HMO-ALL OTHER PLANS',
+    ' PPO-ALL OTHER PLANS',
+    ' PPO - ALL OTHER PLANS',
+    ' HMO-ALL OTHER PLANS',
+    ' HMO - ALL OTHER PLANS',
+    '-ALL OTHER PLANS',
+    '-ALL PLANS',
+    ' - ALL OTHER PLANS',
+    ' - ALL PLANS',
+    ' ALTERNATE PAYER',
+    ' ALTERNATE PAYOR',
+    ' ALT PAYOR',
+    ' ALT PAYER',
+    '-NETWORK MCARE',
+    '-NETWORK',
+    ' NETWORK SELECT',
+    ' DOCTORS PLAN PPO/EP',
+    ' DOCTORS PLAN',
+    ' SELECT/NAVIGATE/CORE',
+    ' TAILORED NETWORK',
+    ' ENHANCEDCARE',
+    ' CHOICE CARE',
+    ' FEDERAL EMPLOYEES',
+    ' NEW BUS OAP',
+    ' MCARE',
+    ' MEDICARE',
+    ' HMO/IFP',
+    ' HMO/PPO',
+    ' HMO/POS',
+    ' PPO/EPO',
+    ' HMO',
+    ' PPO',
+    ' EPPO',
+    ' EPO',
+    ' POS',
+    ' INDEMNITY',
+    ' LIFE',
+    ' MEDI-CAL',
+]
+
+# Junk payer names to discard entirely
+_JUNK_PAYER_NAMES = {
+    '#N/A',
+    'N/A',
+    '',
+    'GENERIC COMMERCIAL/INDEMNITY',
+    'GENERIC COMMERCIAL',
+    'GENERIC HMO',
+    'GENERIC PPO',
+    'MEDICARE ADV GENERIC',
+    'MEDI-CAL',         # bare "Medi-Cal" is a program, not a payer
+}
+
+# ---------- Regex-based junk / prefix patterns ----------
+
+# Decimal/rate-like payer names: "27.07", "147.05", "0.80" - these are raw rates, not payers
+# Matches strings that are purely a decimal number (possibly quoted).
+_RATE_LIKE_PAYER_RE = re.compile(r'^"?\d+(?:\.\d+)?"?$')
+
+# Punctuation-only payer names: "#", ".", "--", etc.
+_PUNCT_ONLY_PAYER_RE = re.compile(r'^[^A-Za-z0-9]+$')
+
+# Numeric-only payer names that are NOT legitimate union/local payer identifiers.
+# Legitimate numeric payers (e.g. "1199 SEIU", "Local 104") contain non-digit words.
+# This pattern matches strings that are *only* an integer with no alphabetic content.
+_INTEGER_ONLY_PAYER_RE = re.compile(r'^\d+$')
+
+# Percentage-prefixed payer names: "95% Anthem Blue Cross" -> payer="Anthem Blue Cross"
+# The percentage is the negotiated rate as % of charges. These are real payers with
+# a pricing methodology baked into the name.
+_PCT_PREFIX_RE = re.compile(r'^(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)\s*%\s*(.+)$')
+
+# Per-diem rate values used as payer names: "Abbhh 14/Day", "Abbhh 22.37/Day"
+# These are rate tiers from Alexian Brothers Behavioral Health Hospital, not real payers.
+_PER_DIEM_PAYER_RE = re.compile(r'^.+\s+\d+(?:\.\d+)?/DAY$', re.IGNORECASE)
+
+# Embedded 8-digit date pattern: "Cofinity/Ppom 20120101 (St Mary)" -> "Cofinity/Ppom"
+# Dates are contract effective dates baked into the payer name by some hospital systems.
+# Also strips optional trailing " (St Mary)", " (St. Mary)", " Anderson", " Tlk ..."
+_EMBEDDED_DATE_RE = re.compile(
+    r'\s+\d{8}'                    # 8-digit date (e.g. 20120101)
+    r'(?:\s+\(.*?\))?'            # optional (St Mary) / (St. Mary) suffix
+    r'(?:\s+(?:Anderson|Tlk)\b.*)?'  # optional Anderson / Tlk trailing text
+    r'\s*$',
+    re.IGNORECASE,
+)
+
+# Trailing numeric IDs from hospital billing systems: "Fidelis 5155" -> "Fidelis"
+# Matches 2-5 trailing digits that aren't part of a legitimate name.
+# Negative lookbehind prevents stripping from union locals, product names.
+_TRAILING_ID_RE = re.compile(
+    r'\s+\d{2,5}$'                 # trailing 2-5 digits preceded by whitespace
+)
+
+# Names to EXCLUDE from trailing-ID stripping (legitimate numbers in name)
+_TRAILING_ID_PRESERVE = frozenset({
+    'IMAGINE 360',
+    'ADVANTAGE 360',
+    'PLAN 80',
+    'PLAN 65',
+    'PLAN 1000',
+})
+
+# Compound payer IDs: "Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield Of Western Ny Medicaid 1702, ..."
+# These are multi-ID strings from NY hospital systems. Just strip trailing ", NNNN" parts.
+_COMPOUND_ID_RE = re.compile(
+    r'(?:,\s*\S+\s+\d{3,5})+$'    # one or more ", Name NNNN" suffixes
+)
+
+# Workers Comp prefix pattern: "Wc Aetna" -> parent payer "Aetna", plan_category="Workers Comp"
+_WC_PREFIX_RE = re.compile(r'^WC\s+(.+)$', re.IGNORECASE)
+
+_NUMERIC_PAYER_RE = re.compile(r'^"?\d+(?:\.\d+)?"?$')
+
+_PAYER_CONTRACT_STATUS_SUFFIX_RE = re.compile(
+    r'\s+(?:NON[-\s]?CONTRACT(?:ED)?|CONTRACTED)$', re.IGNORECASE)
+
+_PAYER_TRAILING_PLAN_SUFFIXES = [
+    (' MEDICARE ADVANTAGE CONTRACTED', 'Medicare Advantage'),
+    (' MEDICARE ADVANTAGE NON-CONTRACTED', 'Medicare Advantage'),
+    (' MEDICARE MANAGED CARE', 'Medicare Advantage'),
+    (' MEDICARE ADVANTAGE', 'Medicare Advantage'),
+    (' MEDICARE CONTRACTED', 'Medicare'),
+    (' MEDICARE NON-CONTRACTED', 'Medicare'),
+    (' MEDICARE', 'Medicare'),
+    (' MCARE', 'Medicare'),
+    (' MCR', 'Medicare'),
+    (' MEDICAID MANAGED CARE', 'Medicaid Managed Care'),
+    (' MEDICAID CONTRACTED', 'Medicaid'),
+    (' MEDICAID NON-CONTRACTED', 'Medicaid'),
+    (' MEDICAID', 'Medicaid'),
+    (' MEDI-CAL', 'Medi-Cal'),
+    (' MCAL', 'Medi-Cal'),
+    (' MCD', 'Medicaid'),
+    (' COMMERCIAL CONTRACTED', 'Commercial'),
+    (' COMMERCIAL NON-CONTRACTED', 'Commercial'),
+    (' COMMERCIAL', 'Commercial'),
+    (' HMO', 'HMO'),
+    (' PPO', 'PPO'),
+]
+
+_CONCAT_PAYER_PLAN_PATTERNS = [
+    ('unitedhealthcareoxford', 'United Healthcare'),
+    ('unitedhealthcarecommty', 'United Healthcare'),
+    ('unitedhealthcare', 'United Healthcare'),
+    ('uhc', 'United Healthcare'),
+    ('emblemhealthhip', 'EmblemHealth'),
+    ('emblemhealthghi', 'EmblemHealth'),
+    ('emblemhealth', 'EmblemHealth'),
+    ('metroplushealth', 'MetroPlus'),
+    ('metroplus', 'MetroPlus'),
+    ('bcbstx', 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Texas'),
+    ('bcbsnc', 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Carolina'),
+    ('bcbsmn', 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota'),
+    ('bluecrossblueshield', 'Blue Cross Blue Shield'),
+    ('bluecross', 'Blue Cross Blue Shield'),
+    ('blueshield', 'Blue Shield of California'),
+    ('healthlink', 'HealthLink'),
+    ('healthsmart', 'HealthSmart'),
+    ('wellcare', 'WellCare'),
+    ('care1st', 'Care 1st Health Plan'),
+    ('carefirst', 'CareFirst Blue Cross Blue Shield'),
+    ('aetna', 'Aetna'),
+    ('anthem', 'Anthem Blue Cross'),
+    ('cigna', 'Cigna'),
+    ('humana', 'Humana'),
+    ('kaiser', 'Kaiser Permanente'),
+    ('medica', 'Medica'),
+    ('moda', 'Moda Health'),
+    ('mclaren', 'McLaren Health Plan'),
+    ('meridian', 'Meridian'),
+    ('amerigroup', 'Amerigroup'),
+    ('optum', 'Optum'),
+    ('ubh', 'United Behavioral Health'),
+]
+
+_CONCAT_PLAN_SUFFIXES = [
+    ('medicareadvantage', 'Medicare Advantage'),
+    ('medicare', 'Medicare'),
+    ('mcare', 'Medicare'),
+    ('mcr', 'Medicare'),
+    ('medicaid', 'Medicaid'),
+    ('mcaid', 'Medicaid'),
+    ('mcal', 'Medi-Cal'),
+    ('mcd', 'Medicaid'),
+    ('commercial', 'Commercial'),
+    ('comm', 'Commercial'),
+    ('hmo', 'HMO'),
+    ('ppo', 'PPO'),
+]
+
+
+def _clean_payer_key(value: Optional[str]) -> str:
+    """Return the uppercase lookup key used for payer alias matching."""
+    if not value:
+        return ''
+    cleaned = html.unescape(str(value)).strip()
+    cleaned = cleaned.strip('"\'\u201c\u201d\u2018\u2019`')
+    cleaned = cleaned.strip('<>')
+    cleaned = cleaned.replace('_', ' ')
+    cleaned = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', cleaned).strip()
+    return cleaned.upper()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Payer-name match-fold: dedup of normalization variants.
+#
+# normalize_payer_name() resolves curated names via the payer aliases and
+# _PAYER_CANONICAL_MAP, but anything not in those maps falls through to the
+# Step-5 title-case fallback, which preserves trivial spelling variants:
+# singular/plural ("Health Plan" vs "Health Plans"), trailing punctuation
+# ("Inc" vs "Inc."), smart-quotes, stray whitespace/hyphens, truncated
+# parens.  Two hospitals spelling the SAME payer slightly differently would
+# each produce a distinct payer name.
+#
+# Fix: compute a conservative match key (case/punctuation/whitespace-folded,
+# each token singularized) and, when that key already maps to an established
+# payer in ``ReferenceData.payer_match_index``, fold the fallback name onto
+# that payer's canonical name. The key is deliberately narrow: it folds
+# plural/punctuation noise but never drops distinguishing words (state
+# names, brands), so it cannot merge "Blue Cross of California" with
+# "Blue Cross of Idaho".  Only the uncurated fallback path is folded;
+# alias / canonical-map hits are trusted as-is.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_PAYER_MATCH_PUNCT_RE = re.compile(r"[^a-z0-9\s]")
+_PAYER_MATCH_SPACE_RE = re.compile(r"\s+")
+
+
+def _singularize_token(tok: str) -> str:
+    """Strip a single trailing plural 's' from one token.
+
+    Conservative: leaves ``ss`` words ("Express", "Wellness") and very short
+    tokens (<=3 chars) untouched, so it folds "Plans"->"Plan",
+    "Services"->"Service", "Benefits"->"Benefit", "Administrators"->
+    "Administrator" without mangling distinct words.
+    """
+    if len(tok) > 3 and tok.endswith("s") and not tok.endswith("ss"):
+        return tok[:-1]
+    return tok
+
+
+def payer_match_key(name: Optional[str]) -> str:
+    """Normalized key for collapsing payer-name spelling variants.
+
+    Lowercases, replaces punctuation with spaces, collapses whitespace,
+    singularizes each token, and uppercases.  Two names that differ ONLY by
+    case, punctuation, whitespace/hyphens, or singular/plural map to the same
+    key; names that differ by any real word (state, brand) do not.
+
+        "Buckeye Community Health Plans" -> "BUCKEYE COMMUNITY HEALTH PLAN"
+        "Buckeye Community Health Plan"  -> "BUCKEYE COMMUNITY HEALTH PLAN"
+        "Wisconsin Physicians Service"   -> "WISCONSIN PHYSICIAN SERVICE"
+        "Georgia Workers' Compensation"  -> "GEORGIA WORKER COMPENSATION"
+    """
+    if not name:
+        return ""
+    lowered = html.unescape(str(name)).lower()
+    no_punct = _PAYER_MATCH_PUNCT_RE.sub(" ", lowered)
+    collapsed = _PAYER_MATCH_SPACE_RE.sub(" ", no_punct).strip()
+    if not collapsed:
+        return ""
+    singular = [_singularize_token(t) for t in collapsed.split(" ") if t]
+    return " ".join(singular).upper()
+
+
+def _fold_canonical_via_match(
+    canonical: Optional[str],
+    ref: Optional[ReferenceData] = None,
+) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Fold a fallback-derived canonical name onto an established payer.
+
+    Returns the winning canonical name when this name's match key is
+    already in ``ref.payer_match_index``; otherwise returns the input
+    unchanged and records it in that index so later variants of a brand-new
+    payer within the same run also collapse (first-seen is a stable winner).
+    No-op when the index is empty, keeping normalize_payer_name() pure by
+    default.
+    """
+    index = ref.payer_match_index if ref is not None else None
+    if not canonical or not index:
+        return canonical
+    mk = payer_match_key(canonical)
+    if not mk:
+        return canonical
+    winner = index.get(mk)
+    if winner is not None:
+        return winner
+    index[mk] = canonical
+    return canonical
+
+
+# Canonical name mapping: normalized uppercase key -> canonical display name.
+# Built from the payer names seen across thousands of real hospital files.
+_PAYER_CANONICAL_MAP = {
+    # ---- Major national insurers ----
+    'AETNA': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA BETTER HEALTH DR': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA BETTERHEALTH VA MCD': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA CHOICE POS II SHC': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA GLOBAL BENEFITS': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA HEALTH OF CALIFORNIA INC.': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA HILL PHYSICIANS': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA HMO OTHER': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA INTERNATIONAL': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA LEWER MARK STUDENT INSURANCE': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA MANAGED CHOICE': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA MED ADV': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA MEDICARE SUPPLEMENT': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA NON CONTRACTED': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA OTHER': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA PAMF MPD': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA PPO': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA SENIOR': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA SENIOR HEALTH PLAN': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA STUDENT HEALTH': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA SUTTER HEALTH': 'Aetna',
+    'AETNA SUTTER HEALTH SELF INSURED': 'Aetna',
+    'AFFINITY MED GRP AETNA': 'Aetna',
+    'ALT AETNA COMM AETNA': 'Aetna',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND MED GRP AETNA': 'Aetna',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND MG AETNA': 'Aetna',
+    'DIGNITY HEALTHCARE AETNA': 'Aetna',
+    'HILL PHYS MED GRP AETNA': 'Aetna',
+    'JOHN MUIR HLTH NTWK AETNA': 'Aetna',
+    'MARKSREIN SALES COMPANY AETNA': 'Aetna',
+    'TRUSTMARK AETNA': 'Aetna',
+    'VIRGINIA TOTAL CARE DSNP': 'Aetna',
+    'VIRGINIA TOTAL CARE MCRA': 'Aetna',
+
+    'AMBETTER': 'Ambetter',
+    'AMBETTER CASCADE COMPLETE': 'Ambetter',
+    'AMBETTER HEALTH': 'Ambetter',
+    'AMBETTER HEALTH ATTN CLAIMS': 'Ambetter',
+
+    '26056 BLUE CROSS SR MEDICARE ADVANTAGE P': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ALT BLUE CROSS COMM': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM AFFILIATES': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM BC': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM BC VA DUAL': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM BC VA EXCHANGE': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM BLUE CONNECTION': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM BLUE CROSS': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM BLUE CROSS HILL PHYSICIANS': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM BLUE CROSS MED ADV': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM BLUE CROSS MEDI-CAL DELEGATED': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM BLUE CROSS MEDI-CAL FFS': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM BLUE CROSS SPHS': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM MEDICAID': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ANTHEM SSI': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BC BS OF MA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts',
+    'BC OF MA EXCHANGE': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts',
+    'BCBS - ANTHEM': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BCMA BLUE BENEFIT ADMIN': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BLUE CARD (OUT OF STATE)': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSS': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSS/BLUE SHIELD': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD ASSOCIATION': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSS ALTERNATE PAYOR': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSS ANTHEM': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BLUE CROSS CAL PERS SELECT': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BLUE CROSS HEALTH PERFORMANCE NETWORK': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BLUE CROSS HMO OTHER': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSS MEDI CAL': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BLUE CROSS MEDI-CAL': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BLUE CROSS MEDICARE SUPPLEMENT': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSS MR': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSS NON CONTRACTED': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSS OF CALIFORNIA': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BLUE CROSS OF CALIFORNIA, DBA ANTHEM BLUE CROSS AND ITS AFFILIATES': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BLUE CROSS OF MA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts',
+    'BLUE CROSS ONOFF EXCHANGE': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSS PPO': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSS SEBMF': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BLUE CROSS SELECT': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSS SR IMPERIAL HEALTH PLAN': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BLUE CROSS STUDENT HEALTH': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BLUE CROSSNORTH EAST MEDICAL SERVICES': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'BLUE MEDI-CAL RIVER CITY MEDICAL GROUP': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'NEMS BLUE CROSS MCAL': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'VIVANT BLUE CROSS': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+
+    'BCBS': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'BCBS MA EXCHANGE': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts',
+    'BCBS OF MASS': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'VERMONT BLUE ADVANTAGE': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+
+    'ALT BLUE SHIELD COMM': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'AMERICAN SPECIALTY': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'AMERICAN SPECIALTY HEALTH PLAN': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'AMERICAN SPECIALTY HEALTH PLAN ALTERNATE PAYER': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE CARD (OUT OF STATE) - BS': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD ACO': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD ALTERNATE PAYOR': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD CA': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD CAL PERS': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD CALIFORNIA': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD CALPERS SUPPLEMENT': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD CCSF BTMG': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD COMMERCIAL AND EPN': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD COVER CA': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD COVERED CA': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD CPIC/EPO': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD EPPO': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD FEDERAL EMPLOYEE PROGRAM': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD HMO OTHER': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD HMO POS PAMF MPD': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD LEASED NETWORK': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD MCR ADVANTAGE': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD MEDICARE SUPPLEMENT': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD MR': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD OF CALIFORNIA': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD OUT OF STATE': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD PPO': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD SENIOR BROWN & TOLAND MG': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD SENIOR OTHER': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD SENIOR PLAN': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD SFHSS NON-TRIO PAMF': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD SFHSS NON-TRIO SWBM': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD SR ALL CARE IPA': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD SR PAMF': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD STUDENT HEALTH': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD TANDEM': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD TRIO ABMG': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD TRIO BROWN AND TOLAND': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BLUE SHIELD UC DAVIS': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'BS OUT OF STATE HIGH PERFORMANCE': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'CALIFORNIA PHYSICIANS\' SERVICE, DBA BLUE SHIELD OF CALIFORNIA': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'SB SELECT IPA BLUE SHIELD': 'Blue Shield of California',
+    'SFHSS BLUE SHIELD NON-TRIO': 'Blue Shield of California',
+
+    'CENTENE': 'Centene',
+
+    'ALT CIGNA COMM': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNA': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNA BEHAVIORAL HEALTH': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNA BH': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNA HEALTHCARE OF CALIFORNIA, INC. AND CIGNA HEALTH AND LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNA HILL PHYSICIANS': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNA HMO OTHER': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNA INDEMNITY': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNA INTERNATIONAL': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNA LEASED NETWORK': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNA NON CONTRACTED': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNA OTHER': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNA PPO BEHAVIORAL HEALTH': 'Cigna',
+    'CIGNAKAISER HAWAII': 'Cigna',
+
+    'CORVEL': 'CorVel',
+    'CORVEL CORPORATION': 'CorVel',
+    'CORVEL HEALTHCARE CORPORATION': 'CorVel',
+
+    'COVENTRY': 'Coventry',
+    'COVENTRY FIRST HEALTH': 'Coventry',
+    'COVENTRY HEALTH CARE NATIONAL NETWORK': 'Coventry',
+    'COVENTRY HEALTHCARE': 'Coventry',
+    'COVENTRY HEALTHCARE WC': 'Coventry',
+    'ENLYTE/GENEX/COVENTRY': 'Coventry',
+
+    'EMBLEM': 'EmblemHealth',
+    'EMBLEM HEALTH': 'EmblemHealth',
+    'EMBLEMHEALTH': 'EmblemHealth',
+
+    'FIRST HEALTH': 'First Health',
+    'FIRST HEALTH BROADSHIRE CCN CONCENTRA COVENTRY': 'First Health',
+    'FIRST HEALTH MEDICAL RENTAL': 'First Health',
+    'FIRST HEALTH/COVENTRY': 'First Health',
+
+    'ALT HEALTH NET COMM': 'Health Net',
+    'CA HEALTH AND WELLNESS': 'Health Net',
+    'CA HEALTH AND WELLNESS COMMERCIAL': 'Health Net',
+    'CA HEALTH AND WELLNESS FOLLOWS HEALTHNET DR': 'Health Net',
+    'CA HEALTH AND WELLNESS MR': 'Health Net',
+    'CALIFORNIA HEALTH WELLNESS': 'Health Net',
+    'FOLLOWS HEALTHNET DR': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET CENTENE IFP': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET CENTENE PURECARE': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET COMMERCIAL': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET HMO OTHER': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET MEDI CAL': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET MEDI-CAL DMC': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET OTHER': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET PAMF MPD': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET SMARTCARE': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET SR PLUS': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET SWBMG': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET WELLCARE': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET WELLCARE SR OTHER': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTH NET/HEALTHY FAMILY/AIM': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTHNET': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTHNET ENHANCEDCARE': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTHNET HMO/PPO': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTHNET HMO/PPO HILL PHYSICIANS': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTHNET OF CALIFORNIA, INC.': 'Health Net',
+    'HEALTHNET TAILORED NETWORK': 'Health Net',
+
+    'HEALTH LINK': 'HealthLink',
+    'HEALTHLINK': 'HealthLink',
+    'HEALTHLINK CONTRACTED': 'HealthLink',
+    'HEALTHLINK INC': 'HealthLink',
+
+    'HAP': 'HAP (Health Alliance Plan)',
+    'HAP-HEALTH ALLIANCE PLAN': 'HAP (Health Alliance Plan)',
+    'HEALTH ALLIANCE PLAN': 'HAP (Health Alliance Plan)',
+
+    'HUMANA': 'Humana',
+    'HUMANA CHOICE CARE': 'Humana',
+    'HUMANA CHOICECARE': 'Humana',
+    'HUMANA MEDICAID': 'Humana',
+    'HUMANA MEDICARE SUPPLEMENT': 'Humana',
+    'HUMANA NON-CONTRACTED': 'Humana',
+
+    'KAISER': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER FOUNDATION HEALTH PLAN': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER FOUNDATION HEALTH PLAN OF WASHINGTON': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER FOUNDATION HEALTH PLAN, INC.': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER FOUNDATION HOSPITALS': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER HMO NON-CONTRACTED': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER MEDI CAL': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER MEDI-CAL': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER MEDI-CAL FFS': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER MEDICAL': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER NORTHERN CA': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER OUT OF AREA': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER PERMANENTE': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+    'KAISER PERMANENTE SOUTHERN CA': 'Kaiser Permanente',
+
+    'MAGELLAN': 'Magellan Health',
+    'MAGELLAN BEHAVIORAL HEALTH SERVICES': 'Magellan Health',
+    'MAGELLAN BH': 'Magellan Health',
+    'MAGELLAN HEALTH': 'Magellan Health',
+
+    'MOLINA': 'Molina Healthcare',
+    'MOLINA COMMERCIAL': 'Molina Healthcare',
+    'MOLINA HEALTHCARE': 'Molina Healthcare',
+    'MOLINA HEALTHCARE INC': 'Molina Healthcare',
+    'MOLINA HEALTHCARE OF CALIFORNIA': 'Molina Healthcare',
+    'MOLINA HEALTHCARE OF TEXAS (CLAIMS ONLY)': 'Molina Healthcare',
+    'MOLINA MEDI CAL': 'Molina Healthcare',
+    'MOLINA NV': 'Molina Healthcare',
+
+    'BEECH ST': 'MultiPlan',
+    'BEECH STREET': 'MultiPlan',
+    'BEECH STREET CORPORATION, F/K/A CAPP CARE, INC.': 'MultiPlan',
+    'CLARITEV': 'MultiPlan',
+    'MULTIPLAN': 'MultiPlan',
+    'MULTIPLAN COMPLIMENTARY': 'MultiPlan',
+    'MULTIPLAN COMPLIMENTARY MULTIPLAN VALUE POINT': 'MultiPlan',
+    'MULTIPLAN COMPLIMENTARY VALUE POINT': 'MultiPlan',
+    'MULTIPLAN PHCS NETWORK PHCS SAVILITY HEALTHEOS NETWORK': 'MultiPlan',
+    'MULTIPLAN PPO': 'MultiPlan',
+    'MULTIPLAN WC': 'MultiPlan',
+    'MULTIPLAN WORK COMP': 'MultiPlan',
+    'MULTIPLAN WORKERS COMP VALUE POINT': 'MultiPlan',
+    'MULTIPLAN/PHCS': 'MultiPlan',
+    'PHCS': 'MultiPlan',
+    'PHCS MULTIPLAN': 'MultiPlan',
+    'PHCS-MULTIPLAN': 'MultiPlan',
+    'PHCS/PRIVATE HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS': 'MultiPlan',
+    'PRIVATE HEALTHCARE SYS (PHCS)': 'MultiPlan',
+    'PRIVATE HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS': 'MultiPlan',
+    'PRIVATE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM': 'MultiPlan',
+    'PRIVATE HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS': 'MultiPlan',
+    'PRIVATE HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS PHCS': 'MultiPlan',
+
+    'OPTUM': 'Optum',
+    'OPTUM HEALTH CARE SOLUTIONS': 'Optum',
+    'OPTUM HEALTH CARE SOLUTIONS, LLC': 'Optum',
+    'OPTUM TRANSPLANTS OON': 'Optum',
+    'OPTUMCARE': 'Optum',
+
+    'OSCAR HEALTH': 'Oscar Health',
+    'OSCAR HEALTH PLAN': 'Oscar Health',
+    'OSCAR SELECT': 'Oscar Health',
+
+    'UNITED BEHAVIORAL HEALTH': 'United Behavioral Health',
+    'UNITED BH': 'United Behavioral Health',
+
+    'AARP MEDICARE ADVANTAGE CHOICE': 'United Healthcare',
+    'AARP MEDICARE COMPLETE UHC WEST': 'United Healthcare',
+    'ALL SAVERS': 'United Healthcare',
+    'ALT UNITED HEALTHCARE COMM': 'United Healthcare',
+    'SB SELECT IPA UNITED HEALTHCARE': 'United Healthcare',
+    'SIERRA HEALTH SERVICES': 'United Healthcare',
+    'SIERRA HEALTH SERVICESUHC': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC BTMG EAST (ABMG) HMO CAP': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC CHOICE': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC DOCTORS PLAN': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC GLOBAL': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC GOULD MG': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC HMO OTHER MEDICARE SOLUTIONS': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC NON-PARTICIPATING': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC OF CALIFORNIA, DBA UNITEDHEALTHCARE OF CALIFORNIA AND FKA PACIFICCARE OF CALIFORNIA': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC OTHER': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC OXFORD HEALTH PLAN': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC SR AFFINITY MG': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC SR ALLCARE': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC SR BTMG EAST (ABMG)': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC SR HPMG': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC SR PAMF MG': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC SUREST': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC SVALLIANCE': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC VA CCN': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHC WEST COMM': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UHP HEALTHCARE': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEALTH CARE': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEALTH CARE PACIFICARE': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEALTHCARE': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEALTHCARE EMPIRE PLAN': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEALTHCARE EXCHANG': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEALTHCARE GLOBAL': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEALTHCARE GROUP': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEALTHCARE MCD': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEALTHCARE MEDICAR': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEALTHCARE NON CONTRACTED': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEALTHCARE OTHER': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEALTHCARE SUREST': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HEATHCARE GLOBAL': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITED SCO AND ONE CARE': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITEDHEALTHCARE': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITEDHEALTHCARE HMO HILL PHYSICIANS': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITEDHEALTHCARE WEST': 'United Healthcare',
+
+    # ---- Government programs ----
+    'CA PRISON HEALTH CARE SERVICES': 'CA Prison Health Care Services',
+
+    'CHAMPVA': 'CHAMPVA',
+
+    'CALIFORNIA CORRECTIONAL HEALTH': 'Department of Corrections',
+    'CALIFORNIA CORRECTIONAL HEALTH CARE HEALTH NET FEDERAL SERVICES': 'Department of Corrections',
+    'DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS': 'Department of Corrections',
+    'DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS NETWORK PROVIDER': 'Department of Corrections',
+    'DEPT OF CORRECTION': 'Department of Corrections',
+    'DEPT OF CORRECTIONS NETWORK PROV LLC': 'Department of Corrections',
+
+    'FEDERAL CORRECTION INSTITUTE': 'Federal Correction Institute',
+
+    'MEDI CAL': 'Medi-Cal',
+    'MEDI-CAL NEMS PACE': 'Medi-Cal',
+    'MEDI-CAL OP': 'Medi-Cal',
+    'MEDICAL': 'Medi-Cal',
+    'MEDICAL SHARE OF COST': 'Medi-Cal',
+
+    'MEDICAID OUT OF STATE': 'Medicaid',
+
+    'MEDICARE': 'Medicare',
+    'MEDICARE ADVANTAGE OTHER': 'Medicare',
+    'MEDICARE PART B ONLY': 'Medicare',
+
+    'TRICARE': 'TRICARE',
+    'TRICARE FOR': 'TRICARE',
+    'TRICARE HEALTHNET': 'TRICARE',
+    'TRICARE RESERVE': 'TRICARE',
+    'TRICARE SELECT': 'TRICARE',
+    'TRICARE WEST': 'TRICARE',
+    'TRICARE WEST HEALTHNET': 'TRICARE',
+    'TRIWEST COMMUNITY CARE NETWORK': 'TRICARE',
+    'TRIWEST COMMUNITY CARE NETWORK COMMERCIAL': 'TRICARE',
+    'TRIWEST HEALTHCARE ALLIANCE': 'TRICARE',
+
+    'DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS MI': 'Veterans Administration',
+    'DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS': 'Department of Veterans Affairs',
+    'PGBA VA COMMUNITY CARE PROGRAM': 'Veterans Administration',
+    'VA (TRIWEST CCN)': 'Veterans Administration',
+    'VA ADMINISTRATION': 'Veterans Administration',
+    'VA COMMUNITY CARE NETWORK': 'Veterans Administration',
+    'VETERANS ADMINISTRATION': 'Veterans Administration',
+
+    'ADVA NET WC': 'Workers\' Comp',
+    'ADVA NET WC PARADIGM SPECIALTY NETWORK': 'Workers\' Comp',
+    'ADVA-NET WORK COMP': 'Workers\' Comp',
+    'CAREWORKS WORK COMP': 'Workers\' Comp',
+    'WORKERS COMP': 'Workers\' Comp',
+    'WORKER\'S COMP': 'Workers\' Comp',
+    'WORKERS COMPENSATION': 'Workers\' Comp',
+    'WORKERS\' COMP': 'Workers\' Comp',
+
+    # ---- Regional / local / specialty plans ----
+    'ALT': 'ALT Medicare',
+    'ALT MEDICARE': 'ALT Medicare',
+    'ALT MEDICARE A/B REBILL': 'ALT Medicare',
+    'APS HEALTHCARE': 'APS Healthcare',
+    'APS HEALTHCARE BETHESDA PSYCH': 'APS Healthcare',
+    'ADVENTIST HEALTH': 'Adventist Health',
+    'ADVENTIST HEALTH PLAN': 'Adventist Health',
+    'AFFINITY MED GRP BLUE CROSS': 'Affinity Medical Group',
+    'AFFINITY MED GRP BLUE SHIELD': 'Affinity Medical Group',
+    'AFFINITY MED GRP HEALTH NET': 'Affinity Medical Group',
+    'AFFINITY MED GRP UNITED HEALTHCARE': 'Affinity Medical Group',
+    'AFFINITY MEDICAL GROUP': 'Affinity Medical Group',
+    'AFFINITY MEDICAL GROUP COMM': 'Affinity Medical Group',
+    'AFFINITY MG UC BLUE AND GOLD HEALTH NET': 'Affinity Medical Group',
+    'ALT AFFINITY MED GRP': 'Affinity Medical Group',
+    'ALT AFFINITY MEDICAL GRP COMM HMO BILLABLE': 'Affinity Medical Group',
+
+    'AITHER HEALTH': 'Aither Health',
+    'ALAMEDA ALLIANCE': 'Alameda Alliance',
+    'CHCN ALAMEDA ALLIANCE': 'Alameda Alliance',
+    'CHCN ALAMEDA ALLIANCE GROUP CARE': 'Alameda Alliance',
+    'ALIGNMENT': 'Alignment Health Plan',
+    'ALIGNMENT HEALTH PLAN': 'Alignment Health Plan',
+    'ALIGNMENT MCARE ADV': 'Alignment Health Plan',
+    'ALL CARE IPA ALIGNMENT MCARE ADV': 'AllCare IPA',
+    'ALL CARE IPA BLS TRIO': 'AllCare IPA',
+    'ALL CARE IPA HUMANA': 'AllCare IPA',
+    'ALLCARE': 'AllCare IPA',
+    'ALLCARE CCO': 'AllCare IPA',
+    'ALLCARE IPA': 'AllCare IPA',
+    'ALLCARE MG BLUE CROSS': 'AllCare IPA',
+    'ALLCARE MG UNITED HEALTHCARE': 'AllCare IPA',
+    'ALT ALL CARE IPA': 'AllCare IPA',
+    'ALT ALL CARE IPA COMM': 'AllCare IPA',
+
+    'ALLIANZ': 'Allianz',
+    'ALLIED': 'Allied Benefit Systems',
+    'ALLIED AFFORDABLE CARE PLAN': 'Allied Benefit Systems',
+    'ALLIED BENEFIT SYSTEM, IN': 'Allied Benefit Systems',
+    'ALLIED BENEFITS SYSTEM': 'Allied Benefit Systems',
+    'ALLIED PACIFIC OF CALIFORNIA': 'Allied Benefit Systems',
+
+    'ALLYALIGN HEALTH': 'AllyAlign Health',
+    'ALPHA CARE': 'Alpha Care Medical Group',
+    'ALPHA CARE MEDICAL GROUP': 'Alpha Care Medical Group',
+    'ALTA BATES MEDICAL GRP ALT': 'Alta Bates Medical Group',
+    'ALTAMED': 'AltaMed',
+    'ALTAMED HEALTH SERVICES': 'AltaMed',
+    'AMERIHEALTH': 'AmeriHealth',
+    'AMERICAS CHOICE PROVIDER NETWORK': 'Americas Choice Provider Network',
+    'AMERICAS CHOICE PROVIDER NETWORK AUTO': 'Americas Choice Provider Network',
+    'AMERICAS CHOICE PROVIDER NETWORK MR': 'Americas Choice Provider Network',
+    'AMERICAS CHOICE PROVIDER NETWORK WC': 'Americas Choice Provider Network',
+    'AMERICAS CHOUCE PROVIDER NETWORK': 'Americas Choice Provider Network',
+
+    'ASPIRE': 'Aspire Health Plan',
+    'ASTIVA HEALTH': 'Astiva Health',
+    'ASTIVA HEALTH SR': 'Astiva Health',
+    'BMC HEALTHNET': 'BMC HealthNet',
+    'BMC HEALTHNET EXCH SILVER': 'BMC HealthNet',
+    'BMC HEALTHNET EXCHANGE': 'BMC HealthNet',
+    'BOSTON MEDICAL CTR DUAL': 'BMC HealthNet',
+    'BOSTON MEDICAL MEDICAID': 'BMC HealthNet',
+
+    'BRMS': 'BRMS',
+    'BANNER': 'Banner Health',
+    'BEACON HEALTH OPTIONS': 'Beacon Health Strategies',
+    'BEACON HEALTH STRATEGIES': 'Beacon Health Strategies',
+    'BORREGO COMMUNITY HEALTH': 'Borrego Community Health',
+    'BRAND NEW DAY': 'Brand New Day',
+    'BRAND NEW DAY MR': 'Brand New Day',
+    'BRANDMAN CENTERS FOR SENIOR CARE': 'Brandman Centers for Senior Care',
+    'BRIGHT HEALTH': 'Bright Health Plan',
+    'BRIGHT HEALTH PHYSICIANS OF PIH': 'Bright Health Plan',
+    'BRIGHT HEALTH PLAN': 'Bright Health Plan',
+    'ALT BROWN & TOLAND MG': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'ALT BROWN AND TOLAND MED GRP COMM': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'ALT BROWN AND TOLAND MED GRP MCAL': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'ALT BROWN TOLAND MG SR HEALTH SERVICES': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'ALT BTMG EAST (ABMG) COMM': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'ALT SR BTMG EAST ABMG': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN & TOLAND': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN & TOLAND HEALTH SERVICES': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN & TOLAND MED GRP BC': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN & TOLAND MG ALT': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN &TOLAND UC BLUE AND GOLD HEALTH NE': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAN': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND BLUE CROSS': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND EAST (ABMG) BLS': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND EAST (ABMG) BLS CPRS': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND MED GRP BLS': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND MED GRP BLS TRIO': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND MED GRP CIGNA': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND MED GRP HEALTH NET': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND MED GRP WELLCARE': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND MG ALIGNMENT MCARE ADV': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND MG BLS CAL PERS': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN AND TOLAND UNITED HEALTHCARE': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BROWN TOLAND': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BTMG EAST (ABMG) BLUE CROSS': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BTMG EAST (ABMG) UC BLUE/GOLD HEALTH NET': 'Brown & Toland',
+    'BTMG EAST (ABMG) UNITED HEALTHCARE': 'Brown & Toland',
+
+    'ALT CCHCA-AAMG': 'CCHCA-AAMG',
+    'ALT CCHCA-AAMG MCAL': 'CCHCA-AAMG',
+    'CCHCA-AAMG BLUE CROSS': 'CCHCA-AAMG',
+    'CCHP CHARITY': 'CCHP Charity',
+    'CNA': 'CNA',
+    'CNA (MAILHANDLERS)': 'CNA',
+    'COVID-19 HRSA UNINSURED FUND': 'COVID-19 HRSA Uninsured Fund',
+    'COVID19 HRSA UNINSURED TESTING AND TREATMENT FUND': 'COVID-19 HRSA Uninsured Fund',
+    'CALOPTIMA': 'CalOptima',
+    'CALVIVA': 'CalViva Health',
+    'CALVIVA HEALTH': 'CalViva Health',
+    'CALVOS SELECTCARE': 'CalVos SelectCare',
+    'CALIFORNIA CHILDRENS SERVICES': 'California Childrens Services',
+    'CA TRANSPLANT DONOR NETWORK': 'California Transplant Donor Network',
+    'CALIFORNIA TRANSPLANT DONOR COMM': 'California Transplant Donor Network',
+    'ALT CANOPY HEALTH': 'Canopy Health',
+    'CANOPY': 'Canopy Health',
+    'CANOPY HEALTH': 'Canopy Health',
+    'CANOPY HILL PHYSICIANS': 'Canopy Health',
+
+    'CANOPY HN': 'Canopy Health (Health Net)',
+    'CANOPY UHC': 'Canopy Health (United Healthcare)',
+    'CANOPY UNITED HEALTHCARE': 'Canopy Health (United Healthcare)',
+    'CAPNET IPA': 'CapNet IPA',
+    'CARE 1ST': 'Care 1st Health Plan',
+    'CARE 1ST HEALTH PLAN': 'Care 1st Health Plan',
+    'CARE1ST HEALTH PLAN': 'Care 1st Health Plan',
+    'CARE ADVANTAGE': 'Care Advantage',
+    'CARE ADVANTAGE SR PLAN': 'Care Advantage',
+    'CARECENTRIX': 'CareCentrix',
+    'CAREMORE': 'CareMore',
+    'CARENET MEDICAID': 'CareNet',
+    'FAMILY CARENET': 'CareNet',
+    'CARELON BEHAVIORAL HEALTH NONCONTRACTED': 'Carelon Behavioral Health',
+    'CENTER FOR ELDERS INDEPENDENCE': 'Center for Elders Independence',
+    'CCAH': 'Central California Alliance for Health',
+    'CENTRAL CA ALLIANCE FOR HEALTH DR': 'Central California Alliance for Health',
+    'CENTRAL CA PHYS PARTNERS HEALTH NET': 'Central California Alliance for Health',
+    'CENTRAL CALIFORNIA ALLIANCE FOR HEALTH': 'Central California Alliance for Health',
+
+    'ALT CENTRAL HEALTH MEDICARE PLAN': 'Central Health Plan',
+    'CENTAL HEALTH PLAN': 'Central Health Plan',
+    'CENTRAL HEALTH MEDICARE PLAN': 'Central Health Plan',
+    'CENTRAL HEALTH PLAN': 'Central Health Plan',
+    'CENTRAL HEALTH PLAN OF CALIFORNIA': 'Central Health Plan',
+    'CENTRAL HLTH': 'Central Health Plan',
+
+    'CENTRAL VALLEY MEDICAL': 'Central Valley PACE',
+    'CENTRAL VALLEY PACE': 'Central Valley PACE',
+    'CHAMPION HEALTH PLAN': 'Champion Health Plan',
+    'ALT CHINESE COMMUNITY HEALTH PLAN MCAL': 'Chinese Community Health Plan',
+    'ALT JADE MG CHINESE COMMUNITY HP': 'Chinese Community Health Plan',
+    'CHINESE COMMUNITY': 'Chinese Community Health Plan',
+    'CHINESE COMMUNITY HEALTH PLAN': 'Chinese Community Health Plan',
+    'CHINESE COMMUNITY HEALTH PLAN ACTIVE CHO': 'Chinese Community Health Plan',
+    'CHINESE COMMUNITY HEALTH PLAN COVER CA H': 'Chinese Community Health Plan',
+    'CHINESE COMMUNITY HEALTH PLAN SR JADE': 'Chinese Community Health Plan',
+    'CHINESE COMMUNITY HP': 'Chinese Community Health Plan',
+    'CHINESE HP': 'Chinese Community Health Plan',
+    'CHN SF HEALTH PLAN': 'Chinese Community Health Plan',
+    'JADE MG CHINESE COMMUNITY HP SR': 'Chinese Community Health Plan',
+
+    'CHOICECARE NETWORK': 'ChoiceCare Network',
+    'CLAREMONT BEHAVIORAL SERVICES': 'Claremont Behavioral Services',
+    'CLEVER CARE': 'Clever Care Health Plan',
+    'CLOVER INSURANCE CO': 'Clover Health',
+    'COMMONWEALTH ALLIANCE MCR': 'Commonwealth Care Alliance',
+    'COMMONWEALTH CARE': 'Commonwealth Care Alliance',
+    'COMMONWEALTH CARE ALLIANCE': 'Commonwealth Care Alliance',
+    'COMMONWEALTH CARE DUAL': 'Commonwealth Care Alliance',
+    'COMMONWEALTH CARE MEDICAR': 'Commonwealth Care Alliance',
+
+    'COMMUNITY HEALTH CHOICE': 'Community Health Choice',
+    'COMMUNITY HOSPITAL OF MONTEREY PENINSULA': 'Community Hospital of Monterey Peninsula',
+    'COMPCARE': 'CompCare',
+    'CONCERTOPACE OF LOS ANGELES, LLC': 'ConcertoPACE',
+    'CONNECTED CARE': 'Connected Care',
+    'CONNECTICARE': 'ConnectiCare',
+    'CONTIGO HEALTH': 'Contigo Health',
+    'CONTRA COSTA COUNTY JAIL': 'Contra Costa County Jail',
+    'CONTRA COSTA': 'Contra Costa Health Plan',
+    'CONTRA COSTA COUNTY EMPLOYEES': 'Contra Costa Health Plan',
+    'CONTRA COSTA HEALTH PLAN': 'Contra Costa Health Plan',
+    'CONTRA COSTA HEALTH PLAN BASIC HEALTH CARE CCHP': 'Contra Costa Health Plan',
+    'CONTRA COSTA HEALTH PLAN MEDI CAL': 'Contra Costa Health Plan',
+    'CONTRA COSTA HEALTH PLAN MEDICAL': 'Contra Costa Health Plan',
+
+    'COORDINATED CARE': 'Coordinated Care',
+    'COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA': 'County of Santa Clara',
+    'COVENTRY (CCN/FIRST HEALTH)': 'Coventry (First Health)',
+    'DEAN HEALTH PLAN': 'Dean Health Plan',
+    'DELTA HEALTH SYSTEM': 'Delta Health Systems',
+    'DELTA HEALTH SYSTEMS': 'Delta Health Systems',
+    'ALT DIGNITY HEALTHCARE COMM': 'Dignity Health',
+    'DIGNITY HEALTH': 'Dignity Health',
+    'DIGNITY HEALTH MR': 'Dignity Health',
+    'DONOR NETWORK WEST': 'Donor Network West',
+    'EMI HEALTH': 'EMI Health',
+    'EASY CHOICE': 'Easy Choice Health Plan',
+    'EASY CHOICE HEALTH PLAN': 'Easy Choice Health Plan',
+    'EMPIRE PLAN': 'Empire Plan',
+    'EPIC HEALTH PLAN': 'Epic Health Plan',
+    'EPIC HEALTH PLAN IPA': 'Epic Health Plan',
+    'ESSENCE HEALTHCARE': 'Essence Healthcare',
+    'ETERNAL HEALTHCARE MCR': 'Eternal Healthcare',
+    'FALLON COMMUNITY HEALTH': 'Fallon Health',
+    'FALLON EXCHANGE': 'Fallon Health',
+    'FALLON MEDICAID': 'Fallon Health',
+    'FALLON PACE': 'Fallon Health',
+    'FALLON SENIOR': 'Fallon Health',
+    'FALLON SENIOR PLAN': 'Fallon Health',
+
+    'FORTIFIED PROVIDER NETWORK': 'Fortified Provider Network',
+    'GEHA': 'GEHA',
+    'GMMI INC': 'GMMI',
+    'GALAXY HEALTH NETWORK': 'Galaxy Health Network',
+    'GLOBAL EXCEL MANAGEMENT': 'Global Excel Management',
+    'GLOBAL EXCEL MANAGEMENT INC': 'Global Excel Management',
+    'GLOBAL EXCEL MANGEMENT': 'Global Excel Management',
+    'GLOBAL XL MANAGEMENT': 'Global Excel Management',
+
+    'GOLD COAST HEALTH PLAN': 'Gold Coast Health Plan',
+    'VENTURA COUNTY MEDI-CAL MANAGED CARE COMMISSION (DBA GOLD COAST HEALTH PLAN)': 'Gold Coast Health Plan',
+    'GOLDEN STATE': 'Golden State Medicare',
+    'GOLDEN STATE MEDICARE': 'Golden State Medicare',
+    'GRAVIE': 'Gravie',
+    'GRAVIE ADMINISTRATIVE': 'Gravie',
+    'GRAVIE ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES': 'Gravie',
+    'GRAVIE INC': 'Gravie',
+    'GRAVIE INS': 'Gravie',
+    'GRAVIES ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES': 'Gravie',
+
+    'HARVARD PILGRIM': 'Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare',
+    'HARVARD PILGRIM EXCHANGE': 'Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare',
+    'HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTHCAR': 'Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare',
+    'HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTHCARE': 'Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HARVARD PILGRAM PC': 'Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare',
+    'UNITED HARVARD PILGRIM PC': 'Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare',
+
+    'HEALTH MANAGEMENT NETWORK': 'Health Management Network',
+    'HEALTH NEW ENGLAND': 'Health New England',
+    'HEALTH NEW ENGLAND EXCHAN': 'Health New England',
+    'HEALTH NEW ENGLAND EXCHGE': 'Health New England',
+    'HEALTH NEW ENGLAND MEDICA': 'Health New England',
+    'HEALTH NEWENGLAND MEDICAI': 'Health New England',
+
+    'HEALTH PLAN OF NEVADA': 'Health Plan of Nevada',
+    'HEALTH PLAN OF SAN JOAQUIN': 'Health Plan of San Joaquin',
+    'HEALTH PLAN SAN JOAQUIN': 'Health Plan of San Joaquin',
+    'HEALTH PLAN SAN JOAQUIN COUNTY': 'Health Plan of San Joaquin',
+    'HEALTH PLAN OF SAN MATEO': 'Health Plan of San Mateo',
+    'HEALTH PLAN SAN MATEO': 'Health Plan of San Mateo',
+    'HPSM': 'Health Plan of San Mateo',
+    'SAN MATEO HEALTH COMMISSION': 'Health Plan of San Mateo',
+
+    'HEALTH PLAN INC.': 'Health Plans Inc',
+    'HEALTH PLANS INC': 'Health Plans Inc',
+    'HEALTH COMP': 'HealthComp',
+    'HEALTHCOMP': 'HealthComp',
+    'HEALTH SMART INTERPLAN': 'HealthSmart',
+    'HEALTHSMART': 'HealthSmart',
+    'HEALTHSMART   PKA INTERPLAN': 'HealthSmart',
+    'HEALTHSMART - PKA INTERPLAN': 'HealthSmart',
+    'HEALTHSMART INTERPLAN': 'HealthSmart',
+    'HEALTHSMART PREFERRED NETWORK': 'HealthSmart',
+
+    'HEALTHCARE PARTNERS': 'Healthcare Partners',
+    'HEALTHKEEPERS MEDICAID': 'Healthkeepers',
+    'HERITAGE': 'Heritage Provider Network',
+    'HERITAGE PROVIDER NETWORK': 'Heritage Provider Network',
+    'HERITAGE PROVIDER NETWORK, INC.': 'Heritage Provider Network',
+    'ALT HILL PHYS MED GRP COMM': 'Hill Physicians',
+    'HILL PHYS MED GRP BLUE SHIELD': 'Hill Physicians',
+    'HILL PHYS MED GRP CENTRAL HEALTH': 'Hill Physicians',
+    'HILL PHYS MED GRP CHINESE COMMUNITY HP': 'Hill Physicians',
+    'HILL PHYS MED GRP UNITED HEALTHCARE': 'Hill Physicians',
+    'HILL PHYS MG BLUE SHIELD TRIO': 'Hill Physicians',
+    'HILL PHYS MG SFHSS BLS SFHSS': 'Hill Physicians',
+    'HILL PHYSCN MG UC BLUE & GOLD HEALTH NET': 'Hill Physicians',
+    'HILL PHYSICIANS': 'Hill Physicians',
+    'HILL PHYSICIANS CARE SOLUTIONS': 'Hill Physicians',
+    'HILL PHYSICIANS MG BLUE CROSS': 'Hill Physicians',
+    'HILL PHYSICIANS MG BLUE SHIELD': 'Hill Physicians',
+    'HILL PHYSICIANS MG HEALTH NET': 'Hill Physicians',
+
+    'HOME STATE HEALTH PLAN': 'Home State Health Plan',
+    'HOMETOWN HEALTH': 'Hometown Health',
+    'ASSISTED HOSPICE CARE': 'Hospice',
+    'BRISTOL HOSPICE': 'Hospice',
+    'BUENA VISTA HOSPICE': 'Hospice',
+    'HOSPICE OF THE VALLEY': 'Hospice',
+    'MISSION HH HOSPICE': 'Hospice',
+
+    'HOSPICE OF EAST BAY': 'Hospice of East Bay',
+    'IMAGINE 360 MEDICAL PLAN NETWORK ACCESS': 'Imagine360',
+    'IMAGINE360': 'Imagine360',
+    'IMPERIAL HEALTH': 'Imperial Health Plan',
+    'IEHP': 'Inland Empire Health Plan',
+    'INLAND EMPIRE HEALTH PLAN': 'Inland Empire Health Plan',
+    'INTEGRATED HEALTH PLAN': 'Integrated Health Plan',
+    'INTEGRATED HEALTHPLAN': 'Integrated Health Plan',
+    'INTER VALLEY HEALTH PLAN': 'Inter Valley Health Plan',
+    'INTERPLAN': 'Interplan',
+    'INTERPLAN B-2': 'Interplan',
+    'INTERPLAN B-4': 'Interplan',
+    'INTERPLAN CORPORATION': 'Interplan',
+    'INTERPLAN HEALTH GROUP': 'Interplan',
+
+    'JOHN MUIR': 'John Muir Health',
+    'JOHN MUIR HLTH NTWK UNITED HEALTHCARE': 'John Muir Health',
+    'JOHN MUIR MG BLUE CROSS': 'John Muir Health',
+    'JOHN MUIR MG BLUE SHIELD': 'John Muir Health',
+    'JOHN MUIR MG CANOPY HEALTH UHC': 'John Muir Health',
+    'JOHN MUIR MG HEALTH NET': 'John Muir Health',
+
+    'LA CARE': 'L.A. Care Health Plan',
+    'LA CARE HEALTH': 'L.A. Care Health Plan',
+    'LA CARE HEALTH PLAN': 'L.A. Care Health Plan',
+    'LUMINARE HEALTH': 'Luminare Health',
+    'MVP HEALTHCARE': 'MVP Healthcare',
+    'MAIL HANDLERS BENEFIT PLAN': 'Mail Handlers Benefit Plan',
+    'MHBP': 'Mail Handlers Benefit Plan',
+    'MANAGED HEALTH NETWORK': 'Managed Health Network',
+    'MHN': 'Managed Health Network',
+    'MARIN CANCER CARE': 'Marin Cancer Care',
+    'MASS ADVANTAGE': 'Mass Advantage',
+    'MASS GENERAL BRIGHAM': 'Mass General Brigham',
+    'MASS GENERAL BRIGHAM EXCH': 'Mass General Brigham',
+    'MASS GENERAL BRIGHAM MCD': 'Mass General Brigham',
+    'MEDCORE': 'Medcore',
+    'MEDCORE MG ALIGNMENT MCARE ADV': 'Medcore',
+    'MEDICARE RAILROAD': 'Medicare Railroad',
+    'MEDIGAP': 'Medigap',
+    'MERCY PHYS MED GRP UHC': 'Mercy Physicians Medical Group',
+    'MERITAGE': 'Meritage Medical Network',
+    'MERITAGE HEALTH PLAN': 'Meritage Medical Network',
+    'MERITAGE MEDICAL NETWORK': 'Meritage Medical Network',
+    'MERITAGE MEDICAL NETWORK BS TRIO': 'Meritage Medical Network',
+    'MERITAGE MEDICAL NETWORK HUMANA': 'Meritage Medical Network',
+    'MERITAGE MEDICAL NETWORK UHC COMM': 'Meritage Medical Network',
+    'MERITAGE MG BLUE SHIELD': 'Meritage Medical Network',
+
+    'MERITAIN': 'Meritain Health',
+    'MERITAIN HEALTH': 'Meritain Health',
+    'MCLAREN HEALTH PLAN': 'McLaren Health Plan',
+    'MCLAREN HEALTH PLAN INC': 'McLaren Health Plan',
+    'MCLAREN HEALTHPLAN': 'McLaren Health Plan',
+    'MODA': 'Moda Health',
+    'MODA HEALTH': 'Moda Health',
+    'MUTUAL OF OMAHA': 'Mutual of Omaha',
+    'MUTUAL OF OMAHA MEDICARE SUPPLEMENT': 'Mutual of Omaha',
+    'NAPHCARE': 'NaphCare',
+    'NATIONAL PROVIDER NETWORK/PLANCARE AMERICA': 'National Provider Network',
+    'NETCARE': 'Netcare',
+    'NET HEALTH COMMONWEALTH C': 'Network Health',
+    'NETWORK HEALTH': 'Network Health',
+    'NETWORK HEALTH BELOW 65 D': 'Network Health',
+    'NETWORK HEALTH EXCHANGE': 'Network Health',
+
+    'NETWORK BY DESIGN': 'Networks By Design',
+    'NETWORK BY DESIGN WORKERS COMP': 'Networks By Design',
+    'NETWORKS BY DESIGN': 'Networks By Design',
+    'NIVANO PHYS MED GRP BLUE CROSS': 'Nivano Physicians Medical Group',
+    'NIVANO PHYSICIANS MED GRP BLUE CROSS': 'Nivano Physicians Medical Group',
+    'NORTHBAY HEALTHCARE GROUP': 'NorthBay Healthcare',
+    'ALT NORTHEAST MEDICAL SERVICES MCAL': 'Northeast Medical Services',
+    'NEMS': 'Northeast Medical Services',
+    'NEMS PACE': 'Northeast Medical Services',
+    'NORTHEAST MEDICAL SERVICES': 'Northeast Medical Services',
+
+    'ODS HEALTH PLAN': 'ODS Health Plan',
+    'ON LOK': 'On Lok',
+    'ON LOK SENIOR HEALTH': 'On Lok',
+    'ON LOK SENIOR HEALTH SERVICES': 'On Lok',
+    'ONLOK': 'On Lok',
+    'ONLOK LIFEWAYS': 'On Lok',
+
+    'ONE LEGACY': 'OneLegacy',
+    'ONELEGACY': 'OneLegacy',
+    'OPTIMA EXCHANGE': 'Optima Health',
+    'OPTIMA FAMILY CARE': 'Optima Health',
+    'OPTIMA SENTARA DUAL': 'Optima Health',
+    'OPTIMA/SENTARA': 'Optima Health',
+
+    'PPO NEXT': 'PPONext',
+    'PPONEXT': 'PPONext',
+    'PACIFIC SOURCE': 'PacificSource',
+    'PACIFICSOURCE': 'PacificSource',
+    'PACIFIC FOUNDATION': 'Pacific Foundation',
+    'PACIFIC FOUNDATION FOR MEDICAL CARE': 'Pacific Foundation',
+    'PACIFIC HEALTH ALLIANCE': 'Pacific Health Alliance',
+    'PHA PACIFIC HEALTH ALLIANCE': 'Pacific Health Alliance',
+    'ALT PALO ALTO MED GROUP FFS': 'Palo Alto Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT PAMF COMMERCIAL': 'Palo Alto Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT PAMF RHMO': 'Palo Alto Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT PAMF RHMO COMM': 'Palo Alto Medical Foundation',
+    'PALO ALTO MEDICAL': 'Palo Alto Medical Foundation',
+
+    'PARADIGM MANAGEMENT': 'Paradigm',
+    'PARADIGM WORK COMP': 'Paradigm',
+    'PARTNERSHIP': 'Partnership Health Plan',
+    'PARTNERSHIP HEALTH PLAN': 'Partnership Health Plan',
+    'PARTNERSHIP HEALTH PLAN ADULT EXPANSION': 'Partnership Health Plan',
+    'PERSONIFY HEALTH': 'Personify Health',
+    'PREMIER HEALTH': 'Premier Health',
+    'PREMIER HEALTH MEDICAID': 'Premier Health',
+    'PREMIER HEALTH PLAN': 'Premier Health',
+    'PREMIER IPA': 'Premier Health',
+
+    'PRESBYTERIAN HEALTH PLAN': 'Presbyterian Health Plan',
+    'PRIME CARE MEDICAL GROUP': 'Prime Health Services',
+    'PRIME HEALTH SERVICES': 'Prime Health Services',
+    'PRIMECARE': 'PrimeCare Medical Network',
+    'PRIMECARE MEDICAL NETWORK': 'PrimeCare Medical Network',
+    'PROCURA WC': 'Procura',
+    'PROGYNY': 'Progyny',
+    'AMVI/PROSPECT MEDICAL GROUP': 'Prospect Medical Group',
+    'PROSPECT HEALTH': 'Prospect Medical Group',
+    'PROSPECT HEALTH PLAN, INC.': 'Prospect Medical Group',
+    'PROSPECT MEDICAL GROUP': 'Prospect Medical Group',
+
+    'PROVIDENCE HEALTH NETWORK': 'Providence Health',
+    'PROVIDER NETWORK OF AMERCIA': 'Provider Network of America',
+    'PROVIDER NETWORK OF AMERICA': 'Provider Network of America',
+    'PROVIDER NETWORK OF AMERICA WRAP TPA': 'Provider Network of America',
+    'PROVIDERS NETWORK OF AMERICA': 'Provider Network of America',
+
+    'PRUDENTIAL': 'Prudential',
+    'REGAL MEDICAL GROUP': 'Regal Medical Group',
+    'QUIK TRIP': 'QuikTrip',
+    'QUIKTRIP': 'QuikTrip',
+    'QUIKTRIP CORPORATION': 'QuikTrip',
+    'SCAN': 'SCAN Health Plan',
+    'SCAN HEALTH PLAN': 'SCAN Health Plan',
+    'SCAN MEDICARE': 'SCAN Health Plan',
+    'JADE MED GRP SAN FRANCISCO HEALTH PLAN': 'San Francisco Health Plan',
+    'SAN FRANCISCO HEALTH PLAN': 'San Francisco Health Plan',
+    'SAN FRANCISCO HEALTH PLAN - NON-CHN': 'San Francisco Health Plan',
+    'HEALTH PLAN OF SANTA CLARA': 'Santa Clara Family Health Plan',
+    'SANTA CLARA FAMILY HEALTH PLAN': 'Santa Clara Family Health Plan',
+    'SANTA CLARA FAMILY HEALTH PLAN DUAL CONN': 'Santa Clara Family Health Plan',
+    'SANTA CLARA IPA': 'Santa Clara IPA',
+    'SANTA CLARA IPA COMM': 'Santa Clara IPA',
+    'SANTA CLARA IPA MCR': 'Santa Clara IPA',
+    'SANTA CLARA MG ALIGNMENT MCARE ADV': 'Santa Clara IPA',
+
+    'SEASIDE HEALTH PLAN': 'Seaside Health Plan',
+    'SELECT HEALTH': 'Select Health',
+    'SENIOR WHOLE HEALTH': 'Senior Whole Health',
+    'SEQUOIA': 'Sequoia',
+    'SEVEN CORNERS': 'Seven Corners',
+    'SIDECAR HEALTH': 'Sidecar Health',
+    'SIERRA HEALTH AND': 'Sierra Health',
+    'SIERRA PACE': 'Sierra Health',
+    'STANDFORD HEALTH SERVICES': 'Stanford Health',
+    'STANFORD HEALTH SERVICES': 'Stanford Health',
+    'STANISLAUS COUNTY PARTNERS': 'Stanislaus County Partners in Health',
+    'STANISLAUS COUNTY PARTNERS IN HEALTH': 'Stanislaus County Partners in Health',
+    'STANISLAUS FOUNDATION': 'Stanislaus County Partners in Health',
+    'SUPERIOR': 'Superior Health Plan',
+    'SUPERIOR HEALTH PLAN': 'Superior Health Plan',
+    'SUPERIOR HEALTHPLAN': 'Superior Health Plan',
+    'ALT SEBMF COMMERCIAL': 'Sutter East Bay Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT SEBMF RHMO': 'Sutter East Bay Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT SEBMF RHMO COMM': 'Sutter East Bay Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT SEBRH NON SUTTER HMO COMM': 'Sutter East Bay Medical Foundation',
+    'SEBMF ALT': 'Sutter East Bay Medical Foundation',
+
+    'ALT SGMF RHMO': 'Sutter Gould Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT SGMF RHMO COMM': 'Sutter Gould Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT SUTTER ADVANTAGE ALIGNMENT MCARE AHP': 'Sutter Health Plan',
+    'SUTTER': 'Sutter Health Plan',
+    'SUTTER HEALTH': 'Sutter Health Plan',
+    'SUTTER HEALTH PLAN': 'Sutter Health Plan',
+    'SUTTER HEALTH PLUS': 'Sutter Health Plan',
+    'SUTTER HEALTH PLUS BTMG': 'Sutter Health Plan',
+    'SUTTER HEALTH SEBMF': 'Sutter Health Plan',
+    'SUTTER PREFERRED HEALTH PLAN': 'Sutter Health Plan',
+    'SUTTER SELECT': 'Sutter Health Plan',
+    'SUTTER SELECT (UMR)': 'Sutter Health Plan',
+    'SUTTER VALLEY HOSP': 'Sutter Health Plan',
+
+    'ALT SMF COMMERCIAL': 'Sutter Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT SMF RHMO': 'Sutter Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT SMF RHMO COMM': 'Sutter Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT SPMF': 'Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT SPMF COMMERCIAL': 'Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT SPMF MEDICAL': 'Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT SPMF RHMO': 'Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation',
+    'ALT SPMF RHMO COMM': 'Sutter Pacific Medical Foundation',
+
+    'TENET RECIPROCITY': 'Tenet Health',
+    'THREE RIVERS': 'Three Rivers Provider Network',
+    'THREE RIVERS AUTO': 'Three Rivers Provider Network',
+    'THREE RIVERS COMMERCIAL': 'Three Rivers Provider Network',
+    'THREE RIVERS NETWORK': 'Three Rivers Provider Network',
+    'THREE RIVERS PROVIDER NETWORK': 'Three Rivers Provider Network',
+    'THREE RIVERS PROVIDER NETWORK AUTO': 'Three Rivers Provider Network',
+
+    'TRANSAMERICA LIFE INSURANCE CO': 'Transamerica',
+    'TRISTAR': 'TriStar',
+    'TRUSTMARK': 'Trustmark',
+    'TRUSTMARK INSURANCE': 'Trustmark',
+    'TUGO': 'TuGo',
+    'TUGO INSURANCE': 'TuGo',
+    'TUFTS': 'Tufts Health Plan',
+    'TUFTS SECURE HORIZONS': 'Tufts Health Plan',
+    'REGENTS UC DAVIS': 'UC Davis Health',
+    'REGENTS UC DAVIS MR': 'UC Davis Health',
+    'UC DAVIS SPECIALTY BLUE/GOLD HEALTH NET': 'UC Davis Health',
+    'UC DAVIS SPECIALTY HEALTHNET': 'UC Davis Health',
+
+    'UMR': 'UMR',
+    'UMR NON-CONTRACTED': 'UMR',
+    'USAA LIFE INSURANCE': 'USAA',
+    'UNIVERSAL CARE': 'Universal Care',
+    'VALLEY HEALTH PLAN': 'Valley Health Plan',
+    'VALLEY HEALTH PLAN (MEDI-CAL)': 'Valley Health Plan',
+    'VALLEY HEALTH PLAN COMMERCIAL': 'Valley Health Plan',
+    'VALUE OPTIONS': 'Value Options',
+    'VITALITY': 'Vitality Health Plan',
+    'VITALITY HEALTH PLAN': 'Vitality Health Plan',
+    'VITAS HEALTHCARE': 'Vitas Healthcare',
+    'VITAS HEALTHCARE HOSPICE': 'Vitas Healthcare',
+    'VIVANT HEALTH ALIGNMENT': 'Vivant Health',
+    'WEB/TPA': 'WebTPA',
+    'WEB-TPA': 'WebTPA',
+    'WEB TPA': 'WebTPA',
+    'WEBTPA': 'WebTPA',
+    'ALT WELLCARE': 'WellCare',
+    'WELLCARE': 'WellCare',
+    'WELLCARE HEALTH INSURANCE OF ARIZONA': 'WellCare',
+    'WELLCOMP': 'WellComp',
+    'WELLFLEET': 'Wellfleet',
+    'WELLPATH': 'Wellpath',
+    'WELLPATH LOA': 'Wellpath',
+    'WESTERN HEALTH ADVANTAGE': 'Western Health Advantage',
+
+    # ---- AARP variants -> United Healthcare ----
+    'AARP': 'United Healthcare',
+    'AARP BY UHC': 'United Healthcare',
+    'AARP DEICARE COMPLETE UHC': 'United Healthcare',  # typo: Dedicare
+    'AARP MCR': 'United Healthcare',
+    'AARP MC WELLMED': 'United Healthcare',
+    'AARP MEDICARE REPLACEMENT': 'United Healthcare',
+    'AARP SUPPLEMENT': 'United Healthcare',
+
+    # ---- Typo corrections ----
+    'AENTA': 'Aetna',
+    '4MOST HEALTH NEWORK': '4Most Health Network',
+    'BC HEALTH OPITONS': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'GREENVBRIER SPORTING CLUB': 'Greenbrier Sporting Club',
+    'MANHATTENLIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY': 'Manhattan Life Assurance Company',
+    'MUTUTAL OF OMAHA': 'Mutual of Omaha',
+    'HUMANNA OK MEDICAID': 'Humana',
+    'MULITPLAN': 'MultiPlan',
+    'PACIFISOURCE': 'PacificSource',
+    'SELCT HEALTH': 'Select Health',
+    'SCOTT ADN WHITE': 'Scott and White',
+    'UNIVERSAL HEALTH NETOWRK': 'Universal Health Network',
+    'MEFCHANTS BENEFIT ADMIN': 'Merchants Benefit Administration',
+    'UNITEDHEATHCARE INSURANCE COMPANY': 'United Healthcare',
+    'UNITEDHEATHCARE': 'United Healthcare',
+    'VERITY HEATLHNET': 'Health Net',
+    'MOLINDA IOWA MCD': 'Molina Healthcare',
+    'IAMOLINA': 'Molina Healthcare',
+    'CITYOFFTWORTH': 'City of Fort Worth',
+    "MARTYIN'S POINT": "Martin's Point",
+    'UHEALTH MILTARY AND VETS': 'UHealth',
+    'POLKIN HEALTH': 'Plotkin Health',
+    'BMC WELLCARE SCO AND ONE CAREL': 'WellCare',
+    'WELMED': 'WellMed',
+
+    # ---- Near-duplicate consolidation ----
+    'ADVA NET': 'Adva-Net',
+    'ADVA-NET': 'Adva-Net',
+    'AV MED': 'AvMed',
+    'AVMED': 'AvMed',
+    'HEALTH PARTNERS': 'HealthPartners',
+    'HEALTHPARTNERS': 'HealthPartners',
+    'HEALTH SCOPE': 'Healthscope',
+    'HEALTHSCOPE': 'Healthscope',
+    'SELECTHEALTH': 'Select Health',
+    'FIRSTCARE': 'FirstCare',
+    'FIRST CARE': 'FirstCare',
+    'FIRSTHEALTH': 'First Health Network',
+    'HEALTH CHOICE': 'HealthChoice',
+    'HEALTHCHOICE': 'HealthChoice',
+    'HEALTH SMART': 'HealthSmart',
+    'CORESOURCE': 'CoreSource',
+    'CORE SOURCE': 'CoreSource',
+    'CHOICECARE': 'ChoiceCare',
+    'CHOICE CARE': 'ChoiceCare',
+    'CAREPLUS': 'CarePlus',
+    'CARE PLUS': 'CarePlus',
+    'CAREOREGON': 'CareOregon',
+    'CARE OREGON': 'CareOregon',
+    'HEALTHFIRST': 'Healthfirst',
+    'HEALTH FIRST': 'Healthfirst',
+    'MDSAVE': 'MDsave',
+    'MD SAVE': 'MDsave',
+
+    # ---- Node-prefix target payers ----
+    # (After NODE strip, these need explicit mapping)
+    'BCBS AL': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Alabama',
+    'BCBS FL': 'Florida Blue',
+    'BCFL': 'Florida Blue',
+    'MEDICARE NON PAR': 'Medicare',
+    'MEDICARE TRADITIONAL': 'Medicare',
+    'NON PAR HOSPICE AGREE': 'Hospice',
+    'UNITED OPTUM VA CCN': 'United Healthcare',
+    'US DEPT OF LABOR': 'US Department of Labor',
+    'VA': 'Department of Veterans Affairs',
+    'SIMPLY': 'Simply Healthcare',
+    'CIGNA HEALTHSPRING': 'Cigna',
+    'CLOVER HEALTH': 'Clover Health',
+    'CORRECTIONAL RISK SERVICES': 'Correctional Risk Services',
+    'DEVOTED HEALTH': 'Devoted Health',
+    'FREEDOM HEALTH': 'Freedom Health',
+    'PRIME HEALTH': 'Prime Health',
+    'WINDSOR': 'Windsor Health',
+    'WELLCARE AMBETTER MARKETPLACE': 'Ambetter',
+
+    # ---- BCBS state-specific variants (fixed) ----
+    'BC OF ARKANSAS': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Arkansas',
+    'BC OF AZ': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Arizona',
+    'BC OF CA': 'Anthem Blue Cross',  # Blue Cross of California IS Anthem
+    'BC OF CO': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Colorado',
+    'BC OF IDAHO': 'Blue Cross of Idaho',
+    'BC OF ILLINOIS': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Illinois',
+    'BC OF KANSAS': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Kansas',
+    'BC OF KY': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Kentucky',  # Anthem BCBS KY
+    'BC OF MISSOURI': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Missouri',
+    'BC OF NH': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Hampshire',
+    'BC OF NM': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Mexico',
+    'BC OF NV': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Nevada',
+    'BC OF OHIO': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Ohio',
+    'BC OF TN': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Tennessee',
+    'BC OF TX': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Texas',
+    'BC OF WV': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of West Virginia',  # Highmark BCBS WV
+    'BCBS-AL': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Alabama',
+    'BCBS-FL': 'Florida Blue',
+    'BC/BS OF FL': 'Florida Blue',
+    'BCTN': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Tennessee',
+    'BC FEP': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',  # Federal Employee Program
+    'BC HEALTH OPTIONS': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+
+    # ---- Special / residual payer names ----
+    'ALL OTHER': 'Non-Contracted Payers',
+    'NON-CONTRACTED PAYERS': 'Non-Contracted Payers',
+    'ALEXIAN BROTHERS SCHOOL PACKAGE': 'Alexian Brothers School Package',
+
+    # ---- BCBS licensee consolidation ----
+    # Highmark (PA/WV/DE/WNY)
+    'HIGHMARK': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK BCBS': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK BLUE CROSS': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF WESTERN NY': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK BLUE SHIELD': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK BCBS COMMERCIAL': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK BCBS DE': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK BCBS MEDICARE': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK BCBS MEDICAID': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK BCBS WNY': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK BLUE SHIELD COMMERCIAL': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK CHOICE': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK COMMUNITY BLUE': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK FREEDOM BLUE': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK SECURITY BLUE': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK WHOLECARE': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK DIRECT': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK SELECT': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'HIGHMARK INC': 'Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+
+    # CareFirst (MD/DC/VA)
+    'CAREFIRST': 'CareFirst Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'CAREFIRST BCBS': 'CareFirst Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'CAREFIRST BLUE CROSS': 'CareFirst Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'CAREFIRST BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD': 'CareFirst Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'CAREFIRST BLUECHOICE': 'CareFirst Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'CAREFIRST COMMERCIAL': 'CareFirst Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'CAREFIRST MEDICARE': 'CareFirst Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'CAREFIRST MEDICAID': 'CareFirst Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'GROUP HOSPITALIZATION AND MEDICAL SERVICES': 'CareFirst Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'GHMSI': 'CareFirst Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+
+    # Florida Blue (FL BCBS licensee)
+    'FLORIDA BLUE': 'Florida Blue',
+    'FL BLUE': 'Florida Blue',
+    'FLORIDA BLUE COMMERCIAL': 'Florida Blue',
+    'FLORIDA BLUE MEDICARE': 'Florida Blue',
+    'FLORIDA BLUE MEDICAID': 'Florida Blue',
+    'GUIDEWELL': 'Florida Blue',
+
+    # Premera Blue Cross (WA/AK)
+    'PREMERA': 'Premera Blue Cross',
+    'PREMERA BLUE CROSS': 'Premera Blue Cross',
+    'PREMERA BCBS': 'Premera Blue Cross',
+
+    # Regence (OR/UT/WA/ID)
+    'REGENCE': 'Regence Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'REGENCE BCBS': 'Regence Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'REGENCE BLUE CROSS': 'Regence Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'REGENCE BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD': 'Regence Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'REGENCE BLUE SHIELD': 'Regence Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'REGENCE BLUESHIELD': 'Regence Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'REGENCE BCBS OF OREGON': 'Regence Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'REGENCE BCBS OF UTAH': 'Regence Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'REGENCE BLUE SHIELD OF IDAHO': 'Regence Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+
+    # Elevance Health (Anthem parent, sometimes appears separately)
+    'ELEVANCE': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'ELEVANCE HEALTH': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+
+    # Independence Blue Cross (PA)
+    'INDEPENDENCE BLUE CROSS': 'Independence Blue Cross',
+    'IBC': 'Independence Blue Cross',
+    'INDEPENDENCE BCBS': 'Independence Blue Cross',
+    'IBX': 'Independence Blue Cross',
+    'KEYSTONE HEALTH PLAN': 'Independence Blue Cross',
+    'KEYSTONE HEALTH PLAN EAST': 'Independence Blue Cross',
+
+    # Horizon BCBS (NJ)
+    'HORIZON': 'Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey',
+    'HORIZON BCBS': 'Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey',
+    'HORIZON BLUE CROSS': 'Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey',
+    'HORIZON BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD': 'Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey',
+    'HORIZON BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF NEW JERSEY': 'Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey',
+    'HORIZON NJ': 'Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey',
+
+    # Wellmark BCBS (IA/SD)
+    'WELLMARK': 'Wellmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'WELLMARK BCBS': 'Wellmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'WELLMARK BLUE CROSS': 'Wellmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+    'WELLMARK BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD': 'Wellmark Blue Cross Blue Shield',
+
+    # UPMC Health Plan (PA)
+    'UPMC': 'UPMC Health Plan',
+    'UPMC HEALTH PLAN': 'UPMC Health Plan',
+    'UPMC COMMERCIAL': 'UPMC Health Plan',
+    'UPMC FOR LIFE': 'UPMC Health Plan',
+    'UPMC FOR YOU': 'UPMC Health Plan',
+    'UPMC MEDICARE': 'UPMC Health Plan',
+    'UPMC MEDICAID': 'UPMC Health Plan',
+    'UPMC FOR KIDS': 'UPMC Health Plan',
+    'UPMC COMMUNITY HEALTH CHOICES': 'UPMC Health Plan',
+    'UPMC INSURANCE SERVICES': 'UPMC Health Plan',
+    'UPMC VISION ADVANTAGE': 'UPMC Health Plan',
+
+    # Fidelis Care (NY Medicaid managed care)
+    'FIDELIS': 'Fidelis Care',
+    'FIDELIS CARE': 'Fidelis Care',
+    'FIDELIS CARE NY': 'Fidelis Care',
+    'FIDELIS COMMERCIAL': 'Fidelis Care',
+    'FIDELIS MEDICAID': 'Fidelis Care',
+    'FIDELIS MEDICARE': 'Fidelis Care',
+    'FIDELIS ESSENTIAL PLAN': 'Fidelis Care',
+    'FIDELIS CHILD HEALTH PLUS': 'Fidelis Care',
+
+    # MVP Healthcare (NY/VT)
+    'MVP': 'MVP Healthcare',
+    'MVP HEALTH CARE': 'MVP Healthcare',
+    'MVP COMMERCIAL': 'MVP Healthcare',
+    'MVP MEDICARE': 'MVP Healthcare',
+    'MVP MEDICAID': 'MVP Healthcare',
+
+    # CareSource (OH/IN/GA/KY)
+    'CARESOURCE': 'CareSource',
+    'CARE SOURCE': 'CareSource',
+    'CARESOURCE OHIO': 'CareSource',
+    'CARESOURCE INDIANA': 'CareSource',
+    'CARESOURCE MARKETPLACE': 'CareSource',
+    'CARESOURCE MEDICAID': 'CareSource',
+    'CARESOURCE MEDICARE': 'CareSource',
+
+    # Medical Mutual of Ohio
+    'MMO': 'Medical Mutual of Ohio',
+    'MEDICAL MUTUAL': 'Medical Mutual of Ohio',
+    'MEDICAL MUTUAL OF OHIO': 'Medical Mutual of Ohio',
+    'MED MUTUAL': 'Medical Mutual of Ohio',
+    'SUPERMED': 'Medical Mutual of Ohio',
+
+    # ---- State BCBS entities (new) ----
+    'BCBS OF MASSACHUSETTS': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF MASSACHUSETTS': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts',
+    'BCBS OF MA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts',
+    'BLUE CROSS OF MASSACHUSETTS': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts',
+
+    'BCBS OF COLORADO': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Colorado',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF COLORADO': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Colorado',
+
+    'BCBS OF KENTUCKY': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Kentucky',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF KENTUCKY': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Kentucky',
+
+    'BCBS OF MISSOURI': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Missouri',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF MISSOURI': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Missouri',
+
+    'BCBS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Hampshire',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF NEW HAMPSHIRE': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Hampshire',
+
+    'BCBS OF NEVADA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Nevada',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF NEVADA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Nevada',
+
+    'BCBS OF OHIO': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Ohio',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF OHIO': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Ohio',
+
+    'BCBS OF WEST VIRGINIA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of West Virginia',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF WEST VIRGINIA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of West Virginia',
+
+    'BCBS OF MICHIGAN': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF MICHIGAN': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan',
+    'BC OF MICHIGAN': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan',
+
+    'BCBS OF MINNESOTA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF MINNESOTA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota',
+    'BC OF MINNESOTA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota',
+
+    'BCBS OF NORTH CAROLINA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Carolina',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF NORTH CAROLINA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Carolina',
+    'BC OF NC': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Carolina',
+
+    'BCBS OF SOUTH CAROLINA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of South Carolina',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF SOUTH CAROLINA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of South Carolina',
+    'BC OF SC': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of South Carolina',
+
+    'BCBS OF GEORGIA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Georgia',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF GEORGIA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Georgia',
+    'BC OF GA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Georgia',
+
+    'BCBS OF LOUISIANA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Louisiana',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF LOUISIANA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Louisiana',
+    'BC OF LA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Louisiana',
+
+    'BCBS OF NEBRASKA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Nebraska',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF NEBRASKA': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Nebraska',
+    'BC OF NE': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Nebraska',
+
+    'BCBS OF WYOMING': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Wyoming',
+    'BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF WYOMING': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Wyoming',
+    'BC OF WY': 'Blue Cross Blue Shield of Wyoming',
+
+    # ---- State Medicaid ----
+    'MEDICAID AZ': 'Medicaid - Arizona',
+    'MEDICAID ARIZONA': 'Medicaid - Arizona',
+    'AZ MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Arizona',
+    'MEDICAID CA': 'Medicaid - California',
+    'MEDICAID CALIFORNIA': 'Medicaid - California',
+    'CA MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - California',
+    'MEDICAID CO': 'Medicaid - Colorado',
+    'MEDICAID COLORADO': 'Medicaid - Colorado',
+    'CO MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Colorado',
+    'MEDICAID CT': 'Medicaid - Connecticut',
+    'MEDICAID CONNECTICUT': 'Medicaid - Connecticut',
+    'CT MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Connecticut',
+    'MEDICAID FL': 'Medicaid - Florida',
+    'MEDICAID FLORIDA': 'Medicaid - Florida',
+    'FL MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Florida',
+    'MEDICAID GA': 'Medicaid - Georgia',
+    'MEDICAID GEORGIA': 'Medicaid - Georgia',
+    'GA MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Georgia',
+    'MEDICAID IL': 'Medicaid - Illinois',
+    'MEDICAID ILLINOIS': 'Medicaid - Illinois',
+    'IL MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Illinois',
+    'MEDICAID IN': 'Medicaid - Indiana',
+    'MEDICAID INDIANA': 'Medicaid - Indiana',
+    'IN MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Indiana',
+    'MEDICAID KY': 'Medicaid - Kentucky',
+    'MEDICAID KENTUCKY': 'Medicaid - Kentucky',
+    'KY MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Kentucky',
+    'MEDICAID LA': 'Medicaid - Louisiana',
+    'MEDICAID LOUISIANA': 'Medicaid - Louisiana',
+    'LA MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Louisiana',
+    'MEDICAID MD': 'Medicaid - Maryland',
+    'MEDICAID MARYLAND': 'Medicaid - Maryland',
+    'MD MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Maryland',
+    'MEDICAID MI': 'Medicaid - Michigan',
+    'MEDICAID MICHIGAN': 'Medicaid - Michigan',
+    'MI MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Michigan',
+    'MEDICAID MN': 'Medicaid - Minnesota',
+    'MEDICAID MINNESOTA': 'Medicaid - Minnesota',
+    'MN MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Minnesota',
+    'MEDICAID MO': 'Medicaid - Missouri',
+    'MEDICAID MISSOURI': 'Medicaid - Missouri',
+    'MO MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Missouri',
+    'MEDICAID NC': 'Medicaid - North Carolina',
+    'MEDICAID NORTH CAROLINA': 'Medicaid - North Carolina',
+    'NC MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - North Carolina',
+    'MEDICAID NJ': 'Medicaid - New Jersey',
+    'MEDICAID NEW JERSEY': 'Medicaid - New Jersey',
+    'NJ MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - New Jersey',
+    'MEDICAID NV': 'Medicaid - Nevada',
+    'MEDICAID NEVADA': 'Medicaid - Nevada',
+    'NV MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Nevada',
+    'MEDICAID NY': 'Medicaid - New York',
+    'MEDICAID NEW YORK': 'Medicaid - New York',
+    'NY MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - New York',
+    'MEDICAID OH': 'Medicaid - Ohio',
+    'MEDICAID OHIO': 'Medicaid - Ohio',
+    'OH MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Ohio',
+    'MEDICAID OK': 'Medicaid - Oklahoma',
+    'MEDICAID OKLAHOMA': 'Medicaid - Oklahoma',
+    'OK MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Oklahoma',
+    'MEDICAID OR': 'Medicaid - Oregon',
+    'MEDICAID OREGON': 'Medicaid - Oregon',
+    'OR MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Oregon',
+    'MEDICAID PA': 'Medicaid - Pennsylvania',
+    'MEDICAID PENNSYLVANIA': 'Medicaid - Pennsylvania',
+    'PA MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Pennsylvania',
+    'MEDICAID SC': 'Medicaid - South Carolina',
+    'MEDICAID SOUTH CAROLINA': 'Medicaid - South Carolina',
+    'SC MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - South Carolina',
+    'MEDICAID TN': 'Medicaid - Tennessee',
+    'MEDICAID TENNESSEE': 'Medicaid - Tennessee',
+    'TN MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Tennessee',
+    'MEDICAID TX': 'Medicaid - Texas',
+    'MEDICAID TEXAS': 'Medicaid - Texas',
+    'TX MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Texas',
+    'MEDICAID UT': 'Medicaid - Utah',
+    'MEDICAID UTAH': 'Medicaid - Utah',
+    'UT MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Utah',
+    'MEDICAID WA': 'Medicaid - Washington',
+    'MEDICAID WASHINGTON': 'Medicaid - Washington',
+    'WA MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Washington',
+    'MEDICAID WI': 'Medicaid - Wisconsin',
+    'MEDICAID WISCONSIN': 'Medicaid - Wisconsin',
+    'WI MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - Wisconsin',
+    'MEDICAID WV': 'Medicaid - West Virginia',
+    'MEDICAID WEST VIRGINIA': 'Medicaid - West Virginia',
+    'WV MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - West Virginia',
+    'MEDICAID DC': 'Medicaid - District of Columbia',
+    'MEDICAID DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA': 'Medicaid - District of Columbia',
+    'DC MEDICAID': 'Medicaid - District of Columbia',
+
+    # Fix existing state Medicaid entries
+    'MEDICAID MA': 'Medicaid - Massachusetts',
+    'MEDICAID PENDING MA': 'Medicaid - Massachusetts',
+    'MEDICAID VA': 'Medicaid - Virginia',
+    'MEDICAID PENDING VA': 'Medicaid - Virginia',
+    'MEDICAID PENDNG GA': 'Medicaid - Georgia',
+
+    # ---- Garbage/employer/non-insurer to meaningful names ----
+    # CDM Default (Charge Description Master - not a payer)
+    'CDM DEFAULT': 'Gross Charges',
+    'CDM': 'Gross Charges',
+    'CHARGE MASTER': 'Gross Charges',
+    'CHARGEMASTER': 'Gross Charges',
+    'GROSS CHARGES': 'Gross Charges',
+    'GROSS CHARGES ESTIMATE': 'Gross Charges',
+
+    # Cash/self-pay estimates
+    'CASH PRICE ESTIMATE': 'Cash Price',
+    'CASH PRICE': 'Cash Price',
+    'SELF PAY': 'Cash Price',
+    'SELF-PAY': 'Cash Price',
+    'SELFPAY': 'Cash Price',
+    'UNINSURED': 'Cash Price',
+    'UNINSURED/SELF-PAY': 'Cash Price',
+
+    # ---- Abbreviation expansions ----
+    '90 DEGREE BENEFIT': '90 Degree Benefits',
+    '90 DEGREE BENEFITS': '90 Degree Benefits',
+    'PFC': 'Patient Financial Communications',
+    'OHCP': 'Ohio Health Choice',
+    'USAMCO': 'USA Managed Care',
+
+    # ---- Wellpoint -> Elevance/Anthem ----
+    # Wellpoint is the old name for Elevance Health (Anthem parent)
+    'WELLPOINT': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'WELLPOINT INDEMNITY': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+    'WELLPOIONT': 'Anthem Blue Cross',
+}
+
+
+
+def normalize_payer_name(
+    raw_payer: str,
+    raw_plan: Optional[str] = None,
+    *,
+    ref: Optional[ReferenceData] = None,
+) -> Tuple[Optional[str], Optional[str]]:
+    """
+    Normalize a raw payer_name from hospital MRF data.
+
+    Returns: (canonical_payer_name, enriched_plan_name)
+      - canonical_payer_name: cleaned, standardized name (or None to discard)
+      - enriched_plan_name: original plan_name, enriched with product-line
+        info extracted from payer_name if plan_name was empty
+
+    Normalization steps:
+      1. Strip bracket-wrapped names and contract IDs
+      1c. Discard per-diem rate values ("Abbhh 14/Day") -> single payer
+      1d. Handle percentage-prefixed ("95% Cigna") -> strip %, recurse
+      1e. Strip embedded 8-digit dates and hospital suffixes
+      1f. Strip trailing numeric IDs from billing systems
+      1g. Handle Workers Comp prefix ("Wc Aetna") -> parent payer + WC plan
+      2. Strip hospital prefixes: "JMPN AETNA", "NODE AETNA" -> "AETNA"
+      3. Extract plan type suffix: "AETNA HMO" -> name="AETNA", plan_type="HMO"
+      4. Look up canonical name: "AETNA" -> "Aetna"
+         4b. Try stripping trailing "HEALTH PLAN" / "HEALTHCARE" / etc.
+         4c. Try stripping ", INC." / ", LLC" / etc.
+         4d. Progressive prefix fallback: strip trailing words one at a time
+      5. Title-case fallback if not in map
+      6. Enrich plan_name with extracted plan_type if plan was empty
+
+    ``ref.payer_aliases`` (raw alias -> canonical name) are checked before
+    the built-in map; ``ref.payer_match_index`` folds spelling variants of
+    uncurated payers onto a name you already use (see
+    ``_fold_canonical_via_match``).
+    """
+    if not raw_payer or not raw_payer.strip():
+        return None, raw_plan
+
+    aliases: Dict[str, str] = ref.payer_aliases if ref is not None else {}
+
+    working = html.unescape(str(raw_payer)).strip()
+    working = working.strip('"\'\u201c\u201d\u2018\u2019`')
+    if working.startswith('<') and working.endswith('>'):
+        working = working[1:-1].strip()
+
+    if _NUMERIC_PAYER_RE.match(working):
+        return None, raw_plan
+
+    # Step 0: Unwrap bracket-enclosed names: "[Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Inc.]"
+    m = _BRACKET_WRAPPED_RE.match(working)
+    if m:
+        working = (m.group(1) or m.group(2)).strip()
+
+    # Step 1: Strip contract IDs  [1001103], [1640000007], etc.
+    working = _CONTRACT_ID_RE.sub('', working).strip()
+
+    # Step 1a: Replace underscores with spaces (some MRFs use underscores
+    # as word separators, e.g. "BLUE_SHIELD_OF_CALIFORNIA")
+    working = working.replace('_', ' ')
+
+    # Uppercase for matching
+    upper = working.upper()
+
+    alias_match = aliases.get(_clean_payer_key(working))
+    if alias_match:
+        return alias_match, raw_plan
+
+    # Step 1b: Check junk list (after stripping contract IDs)
+    if upper in _JUNK_PAYER_NAMES:
+        return None, raw_plan
+
+    # Step 1b2: Reject decimal/rate-like values ("27.07", "147.05", quoted variants)
+    if _RATE_LIKE_PAYER_RE.match(working):
+        return None, raw_plan
+
+    # Step 1b3: Reject punctuation-only values ("#", "--", etc.)
+    if _PUNCT_ONLY_PAYER_RE.match(working):
+        return None, raw_plan
+
+    # Step 1b4: Reject bare integer-only values ("1199" alone without alphabetic context).
+    # Legitimate numeric payers always have words (e.g. "1199 SEIU", "Local 104"); those
+    # pass through the title-case fallback or canonical map and are preserved.
+    if _INTEGER_ONLY_PAYER_RE.match(working):
+        return None, raw_plan
+
+    # Step 1c: Discard per-diem rate values used as payer names
+    # "Abbhh 14/Day", "Abbhh 22.37/Day": these are rate tiers, not payers
+    if _PER_DIEM_PAYER_RE.match(upper):
+        return 'Alexian Brothers School Package', raw_plan
+
+    # Step 1d: Handle percentage-prefixed payer names
+    # "95% Anthem Blue Cross" -> payer="Anthem Blue Cross", percentage stored separately
+    pct_match = _PCT_PREFIX_RE.match(working)
+    if pct_match:
+        payer_after_pct = pct_match.group(2).strip()
+        upper_after = payer_after_pct.upper()
+        # "100% All Other" -> Non-Contracted Payers (regex strips "100%" prefix,
+        # so we only need to check for "ALL OTHER" here)
+        if upper_after == 'ALL OTHER':
+            return 'Non-Contracted Payers', raw_plan
+        # "30% Self Pay/Uninsured Discount" -> route to self-pay
+        if any(kw in upper_after for kw in ('SELF PAY', 'SELF-PAY', 'SELFPAY',
+                                             'UNINSURED', 'CASH')):
+            return None, raw_plan  # discard: self-pay rates
+        # Otherwise, recursively normalize the payer portion
+        canonical, enriched = normalize_payer_name(payer_after_pct, raw_plan, ref=ref)
+        return canonical, enriched
+
+    # Step 1e: Strip embedded 8-digit dates and trailing hospital suffixes
+    # "Cofinity/Ppom 20120101 (St Mary)" -> "Cofinity/Ppom"
+    working = _EMBEDDED_DATE_RE.sub('', working).strip()
+    upper = working.upper()
+
+    # Step 1f: Strip trailing numeric IDs from hospital billing systems
+    # "Fidelis 5155" -> "Fidelis", but preserve "Imagine 360", "Local 104"
+    if upper not in _TRAILING_ID_PRESERVE and 'LOCAL ' not in upper:
+        # Strip compound IDs first so NY-style multi-ID suffixes still match intact
+        # "Highmark BCBS Medicaid 1702, Another 5143" -> "Highmark BCBS Medicaid"
+        working = _COMPOUND_ID_RE.sub('', working).strip()
+        working = _TRAILING_ID_RE.sub('', working).strip()
+        upper = working.upper()
+
+    # Step 1g: Handle "Workers Comp" prefix: "Wc Aetna" -> "Aetna" with WC plan
+    wc_match = _WC_PREFIX_RE.match(working)
+    if wc_match:
+        wc_payer_part = wc_match.group(1).strip()
+        # Recursively normalize the parent payer
+        canonical, _ = normalize_payer_name(wc_payer_part, None, ref=ref)
+        if canonical:
+            # Enrich plan with Workers Comp category
+            wc_plan = raw_plan if raw_plan else 'Workers Comp'
+            return canonical, wc_plan
+        # If parent is unrecognizable, keep as-is with Workers Comp prefix
+        return f'Workers Comp - {wc_payer_part.title()}', raw_plan or 'Workers Comp'
+
+    # Step 2: Strip hospital-specific prefixes (includes NODE)
+    for prefix in _HOSPITAL_PREFIXES:
+        if upper.startswith(prefix):
+            working = working[len(prefix):].strip()
+            upper = working.upper()
+            break
+
+    alias_match = aliases.get(_clean_payer_key(working))
+    if alias_match:
+        return alias_match, raw_plan
+
+    # Step 2b: Strip contract status suffixes when the base is recognizable.
+    status_stripped = _PAYER_CONTRACT_STATUS_SUFFIX_RE.sub('', working).strip()
+    if status_stripped and status_stripped != working:
+        status_upper = status_stripped.upper()
+        status_canonical = (aliases.get(_clean_payer_key(status_stripped))
+                            or _PAYER_CANONICAL_MAP.get(status_upper))
+        if status_canonical:
+            working = status_stripped
+            upper = status_upper
+
+    # Step 3: Extract plan type suffix (only if it doesn't consume the entire name)
+    # Try multiple passes to extract compound suffixes (e.g., "ALAMEDA ALLIANCE PPO-ALL OTHER PLANS")
+    extracted_plan_type = None
+    for suffix in _PLAN_TYPE_SUFFIXES:
+        if upper.endswith(suffix):
+            remainder = working[:len(working) - len(suffix)].strip().rstrip('-').strip()
+            if remainder:  # Don't extract if it would leave the name empty
+                extracted_plan_type = working[len(working) - len(suffix):].strip().lstrip('-').strip()
+                working = remainder
+                upper = working.upper()
+            break
+
+    if (not extracted_plan_type
+            and upper not in _PAYER_CANONICAL_MAP
+            and upper not in aliases):
+        for suffix, plan_type in _PAYER_TRAILING_PLAN_SUFFIXES:
+            if upper.endswith(suffix):
+                remainder = working[:len(working) - len(suffix)].strip().rstrip('-').strip()
+                if remainder:
+                    extracted_plan_type = plan_type
+                    working = remainder
+                    upper = working.upper()
+                break
+
+    if not extracted_plan_type and ' ' not in upper and len(upper) > 5:
+        lower_compact = re.sub(r'[^a-z0-9]', '', working.lower())
+        for payer_prefix, canonical_name in _CONCAT_PAYER_PLAN_PATTERNS:
+            if not lower_compact.startswith(payer_prefix):
+                continue
+            suffix_part = lower_compact[len(payer_prefix):]
+            for suffix, plan_type in _CONCAT_PLAN_SUFFIXES:
+                if suffix_part == suffix or suffix_part.endswith(suffix):
+                    canonical = canonical_name
+                    enriched_plan = raw_plan or plan_type
+                    return canonical, enriched_plan
+
+    # Step 3b: Normalize whitespace (collapse multiple spaces)
+    working = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', working).strip()
+    upper = working.upper()
+
+    # Step 4: Canonical name lookup
+    canonical = aliases.get(upper) or _PAYER_CANONICAL_MAP.get(upper)
+
+    # Step 4b: If not found, try without common trailing words
+    if not canonical:
+        for trail in ['HEALTH PLAN', 'HEALTHCARE', 'HEALTH SERVICES', 'HEALTH']:
+            if upper.endswith(' ' + trail):
+                trimmed = upper[:-(len(trail) + 1)].strip()
+                canonical = aliases.get(trimmed) or _PAYER_CANONICAL_MAP.get(trimmed)
+                if canonical:
+                    break
+
+    # Step 4c: If not found, try stripping ", INC." / ", LLC" / ", INC" etc.
+    if not canonical:
+        cleaned = re.sub(r',\s*(INC\.?|LLC\.?|LP\.?|CO\.?)\s*$', '', upper).strip()
+        if cleaned != upper:
+            canonical = aliases.get(cleaned) or _PAYER_CANONICAL_MAP.get(cleaned)
+
+    # Step 4d: Progressive prefix fallback - strip trailing words one at a time
+    # and retry the map.  "AETNA SOME NEW VARIANT" → "AETNA SOME NEW" → "AETNA"
+    # Require the candidate to have ≥1 word (we already have the full string in
+    # step 4).  Stop as soon as we find a match.
+    if not canonical:
+        words = upper.split()
+        for n in range(len(words) - 1, 0, -1):
+            candidate = ' '.join(words[:n])
+            canonical = aliases.get(candidate) or _PAYER_CANONICAL_MAP.get(candidate)
+            if canonical:
+                break
+
+    # Step 5: Fallback - title-case the cleaned name
+    if not canonical:
+        canonical = working.title()
+        # Fold trivial spelling variants (plural/punctuation/whitespace) of an
+        # uncurated payer onto the established payer that already owns this
+        # match key, so two hospitals spelling the same payer differently stop
+        # producing duplicate payers.  No-op without a match index.
+        canonical = _fold_canonical_via_match(canonical, ref)
+
+    # Step 6: Enrich plan_name
+    enriched_plan = raw_plan
+    if extracted_plan_type and not raw_plan:
+        # Title-case the plan type: "HMO" stays "HMO", "MEDICARE" -> "Medicare"
+        enriched_plan = extracted_plan_type.title()
+        # Normalize common plan type abbreviations
+        _plan_type_normalize = {
+            'Hmo': 'HMO', 'Ppo': 'PPO', 'Epo': 'EPO', 'Pos': 'POS',
+            'Indemnity': 'Indemnity',
+            'Mcare': 'Medicare', 'Network Mcare': 'Network Medicare',
+            'Mcr Adv': 'Medicare Advantage',
+            'Hmo/Ifp': 'HMO',
+            'Hmo/Ppo': 'HMO/PPO',
+            'Hmo/Pos': 'HMO/POS',
+            'Ppo/Epo': 'PPO',
+            'Ppo/EPO': 'PPO',
+            'Eppo': 'PPO',
+            'Ppo/Hmo': 'PPO/HMO',
+            'Ppo/Ep': 'PPO',
+        }
+        for original, replacement in _plan_type_normalize.items():
+            enriched_plan = enriched_plan.replace(original, replacement)
+
+    return canonical, enriched_plan
+
+
+def is_valid_payer_name(
+    name: Optional[str],
+    *,
+    ref: Optional[ReferenceData] = None,
+) -> bool:
+    """Return True if *name* survives normalization (i.e. is not junk).
+
+    A name is valid when normalize_payer_name() returns a non-None
+    canonical form.
+    """
+    if name is None:
+        return False
+    canonical, _ = normalize_payer_name(name, ref=ref)
+    return canonical is not None
+
+
+
+
+# PLAN NAME NORMALIZATION
+# ============================================================================
+# Classifies raw plan names into a standard taxonomy.
+# Each hospital system uses its own naming conventions:
+#   Sutter:   "Hmo/Ppo", "Medicare Adv_ Hmo / Ppo", "Medi-Cal"
+#   O'Connor: "COMMERCIAL (HMO/PPO)", "MEDICARE ADVANTAGE (PPO)", "MEDI-CAL"
+#   CMS JSON: "non-HMO Other Commercial Plan", "Medicare Managed Care Plan"
+#   El Camino: "United Healthcare Ppo", "Blue Shield Medicare Advantage"
+#   Tenet:    "Blueshieldhix", "Molinamgdmcaid", "Americaschoiceprovidernetworkwc"
+#   JohnMuir: "Mc Pending Cigna Com Pb", "Mc Ben Hum 076-356"
+#   SFGH:     "Anthem Blue Cross Non-Chn Mcalmc - Hill Physicians Mg"
+
+# Standard plan categories (canonical):
+# Top-level plan categories (plan_category column).
+# These are the coarse buckets - independent of network type.
+PLAN_CATEGORIES = {
+    'Commercial',
+    'Medicare',
+    'Medicaid',
+    'TRICARE',
+    'Behavioral Health',
+    'Transplant',
+    'Employee',
+    'Government',
+    'Workers Comp',
+    'Other',
+}
+
+# Valid network types (plan_network column, NULL when not applicable).
+PLAN_NETWORKS = {'HMO', 'PPO', 'POS', 'EPO', 'Indemnity', 'Managed Care'}
+
+# plan_name → (plan_category, plan_network) lookup.
+# plan_name is the full classified name that _classify_plan() returns.
+_PLAN_NAME_TO_CAT_NET: dict = {
+    # Commercial variants
+    'Commercial':              ('Commercial', None),
+    'Commercial HMO':          ('Commercial', 'HMO'),
+    'Commercial PPO':          ('Commercial', 'PPO'),
+    'Commercial POS':          ('Commercial', 'POS'),
+    'Commercial EPO':          ('Commercial', 'EPO'),
+    'Commercial Indemnity':    ('Commercial', 'Indemnity'),
+    # Medicare variants
+    'Medicare':                ('Medicare', None),
+    'Medicare Advantage':      ('Medicare', None),
+    'Medicare Advantage HMO':  ('Medicare', 'HMO'),
+    'Medicare Advantage PPO':  ('Medicare', 'PPO'),
+    'Medicare PACE':           ('Medicare', None),
+    # Medicaid variants
+    'Medicaid':                ('Medicaid', None),
+    'Medi-Cal':                ('Medicaid', None),
+    'Medi-Cal Managed Care':   ('Medicaid', 'Managed Care'),
+    # Other top-level plans (no network type)
+    'TRICARE':                 ('TRICARE', None),
+    'Workers Comp':            ('Workers Comp', None),
+    'Government':              ('Government', None),
+    'Behavioral Health':       ('Behavioral Health', None),
+    'Transplant':              ('Transplant', None),
+    'Employee':                ('Employee', None),
+    'Marketplace':             ('Commercial', None),
+    'Covered California':      ('Commercial', None),
+    'Other':                   ('Other', None),
+}
+
+
+def plan_name_to_cat_net(plan_name: str):
+    """Return (plan_category, plan_network) for a classified plan_name.
+
+    plan_network is None when the plan type does not have an HMO/PPO/etc. variant.
+    """
+    if not plan_name:
+        return ('Other', None)
+    entry = _PLAN_NAME_TO_CAT_NET.get(plan_name)
+    if entry:
+        return entry
+    # Unknown plan_name (title-cased fallback from _classify_plan) -
+    # try to infer network from the name itself
+    up = plan_name.upper()
+    if 'PPO' in up:
+        return ('Commercial', 'PPO')
+    if re.search(r'\bEPO\b', up):
+        return ('Commercial', 'EPO')
+    if re.search(r'(?<!NON-)HMO', up):
+        return ('Commercial', 'HMO')
+    if 'POS' in up:
+        return ('Commercial', 'POS')
+    if 'INDEMNITY' in up:
+        return ('Commercial', 'Indemnity')
+    return ('Other', None)
+
+
+
+# Plan classification rules - checked in order, first match wins.
+# Each rule: (pattern_function, canonical_plan_name)
+# Patterns match against uppercase plan name.
+
+# Short abbreviation lookup: maps 2-5 char internal codes to categories.
+# Built from observed real-file data with payer context verification.
+_ABBREV_PLAN_MAP = {
+    # Medicare abbreviations
+    'MCR': 'Medicare Advantage',
+    'MCRPOS': 'Medicare Advantage',
+    'MCRSNP': 'Medicare Advantage',
+    'MGMCR': 'Medicare Advantage',
+    'PFFS': 'Medicare Advantage',        # Private Fee-For-Service Medicare
+    'DSNP': 'Medicare Advantage',        # Dual Special Needs Plan
+    # Medicaid abbreviations
+    'MCD': 'Medi-Cal',
+    'MGMCD': 'Medi-Cal Managed Care',
+    # Workers Comp abbreviations
+    'WC': 'Workers Comp',
+    'WCOMP': 'Workers Comp',
+    # Medicaid abbreviations (CHIP = Children's Health Insurance Program)
+    'CHIP': 'Medicaid',
+    'SCHIP': 'Medicaid',
+    # Medicare abbreviations (special plan types)
+    'SNP': 'Medicare Advantage',         # Special Needs Plan
+    'CSNP': 'Medicare Advantage',        # Chronic SNP
+    'ISNP': 'Medicare Advantage',        # Institutional SNP
+    'MMP': 'Medicare Advantage',         # Medicare-Medicaid Plan
+    'MAPD': 'Medicare Advantage',        # Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug
+    # Commercial abbreviations
+    'COM': 'Commercial',
+    'COMM': 'Commercial',
+    'QHP': 'Marketplace',                # Qualified Health Plan (ACA)
+    'IFP': 'Commercial',                 # Individual/Family Plan
+    'ASO': 'Commercial',                 # Administrative Services Only
+    # Government abbreviations
+    'FEP': 'Government',                 # Federal Employee Program
+    'FEHB': 'Government',               # Federal Employee Health Benefits
+    'GEHA': 'Government',               # Government Employees Health Assoc.
+    'CHAMPVA': 'Government',            # Civilian Health and Medical Program of VA
+    # Behavioral health
+    'COMMBH': 'Behavioral Health',
+    'COCM': 'Commercial',               # Collaborative care management
+}
+
+# Concatenated token patterns for Tenet-style no-space plan names.
+# Matched against the lowercased concatenated string.
+# Order matters: more specific patterns before general ones.
+_CONCAT_PATTERNS = [
+    # Medi-Cal Managed Care patterns
+    ('mgdmcaid', 'Medi-Cal Managed Care'),      # "Molinamgdmcaid", "Cahealthandwellnessmgdmcaid"
+    ('mgdmcal', 'Medi-Cal Managed Care'),
+    ('mcaid', 'Medi-Cal Managed Care'),          # e.g. "Alphacareancillarymgdmcaid"
+    ('mcal', 'Medi-Cal'),                        # Broad Medi-Cal match
+    # Marketplace / Exchange
+    ('hix', 'Marketplace'),                      # "Blueshieldhix", "Ambetterhix", "Molinahix"
+    ('exchange', 'Marketplace'),
+    # Workers Comp patterns (suffix)
+    ('wc', 'Workers Comp'),                      # "Bluecrosswc", "Corvelwc", "Americaschoiceprovidernetworkwc"
+    # Medicare
+    ('medicare', 'Medicare Advantage'),
+    ('mcare', 'Medicare Advantage'),
+    # Behavioral
+    ('behavioral', 'Behavioral Health'),
+    ('behavioralcare', 'Behavioral Health'),
+    # Commercial sub-patterns (less specific, checked last)
+    ('indemnity', 'Commercial Indemnity'),        # "Cignaindemnity", "Aetnaindemnity"
+    ('reciprocity', 'Commercial'),               # "Blueshieldreciprocity", "Tenetreciprocity"
+    ('ancillary', 'Commercial'),                 # "Hillphysiciansancillary", "Allcareipaancillary"
+    ('gatekeeper', 'Commercial'),                # "Aetnagatekeeper", "Aetnanongatekeeper"
+    ('nongatekeeper', 'Commercial'),
+    ('select', 'Commercial'),                    # "Bluecrossselect"
+    ('nonmcs', 'Commercial'),                    # "Bluecrossnonmcs"
+    ('medical', 'Commercial'),                   # "Bluecrossmedical", "Centralcaalliancemedical"
+]
+
+
+def _classify_concatenated(lower: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Classify a concatenated/camelCase plan name with no spaces.
+
+    Tenet JSON MRFs produce plan names like "Blueshieldhix",
+    "Molinamgdmcaid", "Americaschoiceprovidernetworkwc".
+    This function detects known tokens within these strings.
+    """
+    # Workers comp: must check suffix specifically to avoid false positives
+    # (e.g., "Healthcomp" contains "wc" but is not workers comp)
+    if lower.endswith('wc'):
+        return 'Workers Comp'
+
+    for token, category in _CONCAT_PATTERNS:
+        if token == 'wc':
+            continue  # Already handled above as suffix-only
+        if token in lower:
+            return category
+
+    return None
+
+
+def _classify_plan(upper: str, raw_plan: str, payer_canonical: str) -> str:
+    """Classify a plan name into a standard category.
+
+    Standard categories (PLAN_CATEGORIES):
+      Commercial, Commercial HMO/PPO/POS, Medicare Advantage (HMO/PPO),
+      Medicare PACE, Medi-Cal, Medi-Cal Managed Care, Marketplace,
+      TRICARE, Covered California, Behavioral Health, Transplant,
+      Employee, Government, Workers Comp, Other.
+    """
+
+    # ---- Strip bracket-wrapped plan names first, then contract IDs ----
+    # e.g., "[Medicaid]" -> "MEDICAID"
+    m = re.match(r'^\[(.+)\]$', upper)
+    if m:
+        upper = m.group(1).strip()
+    # Strip trailing contract IDs: "Beacon Health Strategies [100510301]"
+    upper = re.sub(r'\s*\[[\w]+\]\s*$', '', upper).strip()
+
+    # ---- Short abbreviation lookup (before keyword matching) ----
+    # Handles: Mcr, Mcd, Wc, Mgmcr, Dsnp, Qhp, etc.
+    abbrev_result = _ABBREV_PLAN_MAP.get(upper)
+    if abbrev_result:
+        return abbrev_result
+
+    # ---- Workers Comp variants (before Medi-Cal to avoid false matches) ----
+    if (re.search(r"WORKER'?S[_ ]?COMP", upper)
+            or upper in ('WORKERS COMP', 'WORKERS COMPENSATION',
+                         'WORKER COMP', 'WORK COMP')
+            or upper.startswith('WORKERS COMP')):
+        return 'Workers Comp'
+
+    # ---- TRICARE (military) ----
+    if re.search(r'\bTRICARE\b', upper) or upper == 'TRICARE':
+        return 'TRICARE'
+    # CHAMPVA (civilian VA medical program - classified as Government)
+    if 'CHAMPVA' in upper or 'CHAMP VA' in upper:
+        return 'Government'
+    # VA Community Care Network (VACCN) - military/veterans
+    if re.search(r'\bVACCN\b', upper) or 'VA COMMUNITY CARE' in upper:
+        return 'TRICARE'
+
+    # ---- Medicaid variants (before Medicare to avoid misclassification) ----
+    if 'MEDI-CAL' in upper or 'MEDI CAL' in upper or 'MEDICAL' == upper or 'MANAGED MEDI' in upper:
+        return 'Medi-Cal'
+    if re.search(r'\bMEDICAID\b', upper):
+        return 'Medi-Cal'
+
+    # ---- CHIP / SCHIP (Children's Health Insurance Program → Medicaid) ----
+    if re.search(r'\bCHIP\b', upper) or re.search(r'\bSCHIP\b', upper):
+        return 'Medicaid'
+    if 'CHILD HEALTH PLUS' in upper or 'KIDCARE' in upper:
+        return 'Medicaid'
+
+    # ---- State Medicaid programs ----
+    # Texas STAR programs (STAR, STAR+PLUS, STAR Kids, STAR Health)
+    if re.search(r'\bSTAR\s*\+?\s*PLUS\b', upper):
+        return 'Medicaid'
+    if re.search(r'\bSTAR\s*KIDS?\b', upper) or upper == 'STARKIDS':
+        return 'Medicaid'
+    if re.search(r'\bSTAR\s*HEALTH\b', upper):
+        return 'Medicaid'
+    # MassHealth (Massachusetts Medicaid)
+    if 'MASSHEALTH' in upper:
+        return 'Medicaid'
+    # NY Essential Plans
+    if 'ESSENTIAL PLAN' in upper:
+        return 'Medicaid'
+    if re.search(r'\bESSENTIAL\s+P[QA]\b', upper):
+        return 'Medicaid'
+    # ConnectorCare (Massachusetts subsidized Medicaid plans)
+    if 'CONNECTORCARE' in upper or 'CONNECTOR CARE' in upper:
+        return 'Medicaid'
+    # Family Choice (Medicaid MCOs - MedStar Family Choice MD/DC)
+    if 'FAMILY CHOICE' in upper:
+        return 'Medicaid'
+    # Community Plan (UHC Community Plan = Medicaid MCO)
+    if 'COMMUNITY PLAN' in upper:
+        return 'Medicaid'
+    # WellSense / BMC HealthNet (Medicaid MCOs)
+    if 'WELLSENSE' in upper:
+        return 'Medicaid'
+    # Better Health (Medicaid-related programs)
+    if 'BETTER HEALTH' in upper and 'HEALTHY' in upper:
+        return 'Medicaid'
+    # Healthy Kids programs
+    if 'HEALTHY KIDS' in upper or 'HEALTHY KID' in upper:
+        return 'Medicaid'
+
+    # ---- Medi-Cal Managed Care ----
+    # SFGH: "Anthem Blue Cross Non-Chn Mcalmc - Hill Physicians Mg"
+    # Tenet: "Molinamgdmcaid" (handled by concatenated classifier)
+    if 'MCALMC' in upper:
+        return 'Medi-Cal Managed Care'
+
+    # ---- Government programs ----
+    if upper == 'GOVERNMENT' or upper.startswith('GOVERNMENT'):
+        return 'Government'
+    # Federal Employee Health Benefits / Federal Employee Program
+    if 'FEDERAL EMPLOYEE' in upper or upper == 'FEHB' or upper == 'FEP':
+        return 'Government'
+    if re.search(r'\bGEHA\b', upper):
+        return 'Government'
+
+    # ---- Medicare Advantage variants ----
+    if 'PACE' in upper:
+        return 'Medicare PACE'
+    if 'MEDICARE ADV' in upper or 'MEDICARE ADVANTAGE' in upper:
+        # Preserve HMO vs PPO distinction if present
+        if 'PPO' in upper and 'HMO' not in upper:
+            return 'Medicare Advantage PPO'
+        if 'HMO' in upper and 'PPO' not in upper:
+            return 'Medicare Advantage HMO'
+        return 'Medicare Advantage'
+    if 'MCR ADV' in upper:
+        return 'Medicare Advantage'
+    if 'D-SNP' in upper:
+        return 'Medicare Advantage'
+    if re.search(r'\bDUAL\b', upper):
+        return 'Medicare Advantage'
+    # SNP / MMP / Special Needs Plans (Medicare sub-types)
+    if re.search(r'\bSNP\b', upper) or re.search(r'\bCSNP\b', upper) or re.search(r'\bISNP\b', upper):
+        return 'Medicare Advantage'
+    if re.search(r'\bMMP\b', upper):
+        return 'Medicare Advantage'
+    if 'DUAL ELIGIBLE' in upper or 'DUALELIGIBLE' in upper:
+        return 'Medicare Advantage'
+    if re.search(r'\bMAPD\b', upper):
+        return 'Medicare Advantage'
+    if upper.startswith('MEDICARE') or 'MEDICARE' in upper:
+        # "Medicare Managed Care Plan" etc.
+        return 'Medicare Advantage'
+
+    # ---- Marketplace / Health Exchange ----
+    if re.search(r'\bHIX\b', upper) or 'EXCHANGE' in upper:
+        return 'Marketplace'
+    if re.search(r'\bAMBETTER\b', upper):
+        return 'Marketplace'
+    if re.search(r'\bMARKETPLACE\b', upper):
+        return 'Marketplace'
+    if re.search(r'\bQHP\b', upper):
+        return 'Marketplace'
+
+    # ---- Covered California ----
+    if 'COVERED CA' in upper or 'COVERED CALIFORNIA' in upper:
+        return 'Covered California'
+
+    # ---- Transplant ----
+    if 'TRANSPLANT' in upper or 'DONOR NETWORK' in upper:
+        return 'Transplant'
+
+    # ---- Employee plan ----
+    if upper == 'EMPLOYEE' or upper.startswith('EMPLOYEE'):
+        return 'Employee'
+
+    # ---- Behavioral health ----
+    if 'BEHAVIORAL HEALTH' in upper or re.search(r'\bEAP\b', upper):
+        return 'Behavioral Health'
+    if 'BEHAVIORAL' in upper:
+        return 'Behavioral Health'
+
+    # ---- Commercial: explicit markers ----
+    if 'COMMERCIAL' in upper:
+        has_hmo = bool(re.search(r'(?<!NON-)HMO', upper))
+        has_ppo = 'PPO' in upper
+        has_pos = 'POS' in upper and 'HMO' not in upper
+        has_epo = bool(re.search(r'\bEPO\b', upper))
+        has_indemnity = 'INDEMNITY' in upper
+        if has_indemnity and not has_hmo and not has_ppo and not has_epo and not has_pos:
+            return 'Commercial Indemnity'
+        if has_ppo and not has_hmo:
+            return 'Commercial PPO'
+        if has_epo and not has_hmo and not has_ppo:
+            return 'Commercial PPO'
+        if has_hmo and not has_ppo:
+            return 'Commercial HMO'
+        if has_pos:
+            return 'Commercial POS'
+        return 'Commercial'
+
+    # ---- Commercial: HMO/PPO plan types ----
+    # Catch "Hmo/Ppo", "Hmo / Ppo", "HMO", "PPO", "EPO", "POS", "PPO/EPO"
+    # Also "All Commercial Plans", "Individual", etc.
+    if upper in ('HMO/PPO', 'HMO / PPO', 'HMO/ PPO', 'HMO /PPO'):
+        return 'Commercial'
+    if upper == 'HMO':
+        return 'Commercial HMO'
+    if upper in ('PPO', 'PPO/EPO', 'EPO'):
+        return 'Commercial PPO'
+    if upper == 'POS':
+        return 'Commercial POS'
+    if upper == 'INDEMNITY':
+        return 'Commercial Indemnity'
+    if upper in ('INDIVIDUAL', 'ALL COMMERCIAL PLANS'):
+        return 'Commercial'
+
+    # ---- "All Products" umbrella plans → Commercial ----
+    if re.search(r'\bALL\s+PRODUCTS?\b', upper):
+        return 'Commercial'
+
+    # ---- Self-funded / ASO / Fully Insured → Commercial ----
+    if re.search(r'\bSELF[- ]?FUNDED\b', upper) or re.search(r'\bASO\b', upper):
+        return 'Commercial'
+    if 'FULLY INSURED' in upper:
+        return 'Commercial'
+
+    # ---- IFP (Individual/Family Plan) → Commercial ----
+    if upper == 'IFP' or re.search(r'\bINDIVIDUAL\s*/?\s*FAMILY\b', upper):
+        return 'Commercial'
+
+    # ---- Group size labels → Commercial ----
+    if re.search(r'\b(SMALL|LARGE)\s*GROUP\b', upper) or upper == 'SMALLGROUP':
+        return 'Commercial'
+
+    # ---- John Muir internal codes ----
+    # "MC PENDING CIGNA COM PB" → Commercial (pending contract)
+    # "MC BEN HUM 076-356" → Medicare Advantage (Humana MA benefit)
+    # "MC BEN SCAN 101" → Medicare Advantage (SCAN is MA plan)
+    if upper.startswith('MC PENDING ') or upper.startswith('MC BEN '):
+        jm_suffix = upper[len('MC PENDING '):] if upper.startswith('MC PENDING ') else upper[len('MC BEN '):]
+        jm_upper = jm_suffix.upper()
+        # MA payers in John Muir context
+        if any(p in jm_upper for p in ('HEALTHNET MA', 'BLUESHIELD MA',
+                                        'SCAN', 'HUM', 'CAN')):
+            return 'Medicare Advantage'
+        # Default: commercial pending contracts
+        return 'Commercial'
+
+    # ---- Managed Care (generic) ----
+    if upper == 'MANAGED CARE':
+        return 'Commercial'
+
+    # ---- Payer-specific plan names ----
+    # "Blue Shield Ppo", "Cigna Ppo", "United Healthcare Select Ppo", etc.
+    # Strip the payer name prefix to find the plan type
+    payer_upper = payer_canonical.upper() if payer_canonical else ''
+    plan_suffix = upper
+    if payer_upper and upper.startswith(payer_upper):
+        plan_suffix = upper[len(payer_upper):].strip()
+    # Also try common short payer names
+    for prefix in ('BLUE CROSS ANTHEM ', 'BLUE SHIELD ', 'ANTHEM BLUE CROSS ',
+                    'ANTHEM BC ', 'ANTHEM ',
+                    'UNITED HEALTHCARE ', 'UNITED HEALTH CARE ', 'UHC ',
+                    'CIGNA ', 'AETNA ', 'HEALTH NET ', 'HEALTHNET ',
+                    'HUMANA ', 'KAISER ', 'KAISER PERMANENTE ',
+                    'ALIGNMENT HEALTH PLAN ', 'SCAN ', 'SCFHP ',
+                    'MULTIPLAN ', 'BLUE CROSS '):
+        if upper.startswith(prefix):
+            plan_suffix = upper[len(prefix):].strip()
+            break
+
+    if plan_suffix:
+        ps = plan_suffix
+        if 'MEDICARE' in ps or 'MCARE' in ps or 'MCR ADV' in ps:
+            return 'Medicare Advantage'
+        if 'MEDI-CAL' in ps or 'MANAGED MEDI' in ps:
+            return 'Medi-Cal'
+        if ps in ('PATHWAY', 'PATHWAYS', 'PATHWAY X', 'BLUE CONNECTION',
+                  'PREFERRED', 'TRADITIONAL', 'SHORT TERM LIMITED DURATION',
+                  'LOCALPLUS'):
+            return 'Commercial'
+        if ps in ('PPO', 'SELECT PPO', 'OUT OF STATE PPO', "DOCTOR'S PLAN", 'EPO', 'PPO/EPO'):
+            return 'Commercial PPO'
+        if ps in ('HMO', 'SR HMO'):
+            return 'Commercial HMO'
+        if ps in ('HMO/POS', 'HMO / POS', 'POS'):
+            return 'Commercial POS'
+        if ps == 'INDEMNITY':
+            return 'Commercial Indemnity'
+
+    # ---- Catch-all patterns ----
+    if 'OTHER COMMERCIAL' in upper or 'NON-HMO' in upper:
+        return 'Commercial'
+    if 'PPO' in upper or re.search(r'\bEPO\b', upper):
+        return 'Commercial PPO'
+    if re.search(r'(?<!NON-)HMO', upper):
+        return 'Commercial HMO'
+    if re.search(r'\bINDEMNITY\b', upper):
+        return 'Commercial Indemnity'
+
+    # ---- Specific known plans ----
+    if upper == 'SFHSS':
+        return 'Commercial'  # San Francisco Health Service System
+    if 'SELECT/NAVIGATE' in upper or 'OAP' in upper:
+        return 'Commercial'
+
+    # ---- TRICARE short forms ----
+    if upper in ('TRI', 'TRIM', 'TRICARE EAST', 'TRICARE WEST'):
+        return 'TRICARE'
+
+    # ---- Veterans / VA ----
+    if upper in ('VETERANS', 'VETERANS AFFAIRS') or 'VETERANS ADMIN' in upper:
+        return 'Government'
+
+    # ---- Generic catch-alls that indicate commercial plans ----
+    # "All Other Plans", "All Plans", "Comm - All Other Plans" etc.
+    if re.search(r'ALL\s*(OTHER\s*)?PLANS', upper):
+        return 'Commercial'
+    if upper.endswith('COMM') or 'COMM ' in upper:
+        return 'Commercial'
+    if 'HEALTHY FAMILY' in upper or 'HEALTHY FAMILIES' in upper:
+        return 'Medicaid'
+
+    # ---- Plan name is just a payer/network name (no plan type info) ----
+    # These should default to "Commercial" since they indicate a payer relationship
+    # without specifying a government program
+    _PAYER_AS_PLAN_NAMES = {
+        'AETNA', 'ANTHEM', 'ANTHEM BLUE CROSS', 'BLUE CROSS', 'BLUE SHIELD',
+        'CIGNA', 'HEALTHNET', 'HEALTH NET', 'HUMANA', 'KAISER',
+        'KAISER PERMANENTE', 'UNITED', 'UNITED HEALTHCARE',
+        'UNITED HEALTH CARE', 'UNITEDHEALTHCARE', 'UHC', 'UMR',
+        'MULTIPLAN', 'BEECH STREET', 'INTERPLAN', 'HEALTH PLAN OF SAN MATEO',
+        'SUTTER HEALTH', 'SUTTER', 'OPTUM',
+        'BEACON HEALTH STRATEGIES', 'CLARITEV',
+        'COVENTRY HEALTHCARE', 'CAREMORE HEALTH PLAN',
+        'AETNA LIFE', 'HUMANA-CHOICE CARE',
+    }
+    if upper in _PAYER_AS_PLAN_NAMES:
+        return 'Commercial'
+
+    # Also check if the plan name matches the payer's canonical name (case-insensitive)
+    if payer_upper and upper == payer_upper:
+        return 'Commercial'
+
+    # ---- Concatenated/CamelCase names (Tenet JSON) ----
+    # No spaces → try splitting by known tokens
+    # Only attempt if the string has no spaces and is reasonably long
+    if ' ' not in upper and len(upper) > 6:
+        concat_result = _classify_concatenated(upper.lower())
+        if concat_result:
+            return concat_result
+
+    # ---- Fallback: return cleaned title-case of the raw plan ----
+    return raw_plan.strip().title() if raw_plan else 'Other'
+
+
+_PLAN_LEADING_CONTRACT_RE = re.compile(r'^\s*\d{2,6}[_\s-]+')
+_PLAN_TRAILING_CONTRACT_RE = re.compile(r'\s+-\s+\d{5,8}\s*$')
+_PLAN_TRAILING_DATE_RE = re.compile(r'(?:^|\s+)\d{8}\s*$')
+_PLAN_BRACKETED_ID_RE = re.compile(r'\s*\[[\w-]*\d[\w-]*\]')
+_PLAN_SITE_CODES = (
+    'AB', 'BAOK', 'BO', 'BOGI', 'BOSU', 'DEKALB', 'FNWI', 'GO', 'HN',
+    'JPOK', 'LG', 'MCOK', 'MEWI', 'MIL', 'MTTN', 'MW', 'MWWI', 'NHOK',
+    'OHOK', 'RHTN', 'RPTN', 'SA', 'SDTN', 'SEWI', 'SFWI', 'SJWI', 'SPOK',
+    'STTN', 'THTN', 'VEIN', 'WVN',
+)
+_PLAN_SITE_CODE_PATTERN = '|'.join(re.escape(code) for code in _PLAN_SITE_CODES)
+_PLAN_SITE_PREFIX_RE = re.compile(
+    rf'^(?:(?:{_PLAN_SITE_CODE_PATTERN})(?:,\s*|\s+))+',
+    re.IGNORECASE,
+)
+_PLAN_SITE_PAREN_RE = re.compile(
+    rf'\s*\((?:{_PLAN_SITE_CODE_PATTERN})'
+    rf'(?:,\s*(?:{_PLAN_SITE_CODE_PATTERN}))*\)\s*',
+    re.IGNORECASE,
+)
+_PLAN_SITE_SUFFIX_RE = re.compile(
+    rf'(?:\s+(?:{_PLAN_SITE_CODE_PATTERN}))+\s*$',
+    re.IGNORECASE,
+)
+
+
+def _clean_plan_display_artifacts(raw_plan: str) -> str:
+    """Strip source-system IDs/dates from plan display names."""
+    cleaned = raw_plan.strip()
+
+    had_contract_prefix = bool(_PLAN_LEADING_CONTRACT_RE.match(cleaned))
+    had_bracketed_id = bool(_PLAN_BRACKETED_ID_RE.search(cleaned))
+    had_trailing_contract = bool(_PLAN_TRAILING_CONTRACT_RE.search(cleaned))
+    had_trailing_date = bool(_PLAN_TRAILING_DATE_RE.search(cleaned))
+    artifact_context = (
+        had_contract_prefix or had_bracketed_id
+        or had_trailing_contract or had_trailing_date
+    )
+
+    cleaned = _PLAN_LEADING_CONTRACT_RE.sub('', cleaned).strip()
+    cleaned = _PLAN_BRACKETED_ID_RE.sub('', cleaned).strip()
+    cleaned = _PLAN_TRAILING_CONTRACT_RE.sub('', cleaned).strip()
+    cleaned = _PLAN_TRAILING_DATE_RE.sub('', cleaned).strip()
+
+    if artifact_context:
+        cleaned = _PLAN_SITE_PAREN_RE.sub(' ', cleaned).strip()
+        cleaned = _PLAN_SITE_PREFIX_RE.sub('', cleaned).strip()
+        cleaned = _PLAN_SITE_SUFFIX_RE.sub('', cleaned).strip()
+        cleaned = _PLAN_TRAILING_DATE_RE.sub('', cleaned).strip()
+        cleaned = _PLAN_SITE_SUFFIX_RE.sub('', cleaned).strip()
+
+    cleaned = re.sub(r'\s*,\s*,+', ', ', cleaned)
+    cleaned = re.sub(r'\s{2,}', ' ', cleaned)
+    return cleaned.strip(' ,-_')
+
+
+def normalize_plan_name(
+    raw_plan: Optional[str],
+    payer_canonical: str,
+) -> tuple:
+    """
+    Normalize a raw plan name into category, network type, and canonical name.
+
+    Top-level categories (plan_category):
+      Commercial, Medicare, Medicaid, TRICARE, Behavioral Health,
+      Transplant, Employee, Government, Workers Comp, Other.
+
+    Network types (plan_network, None when not applicable):
+      HMO, PPO, POS, EPO, Managed Care.
+
+    plan_name is the full classified canonical name (e.g. 'Commercial PPO',
+    'Medicare Advantage HMO', 'Medi-Cal Managed Care').
+
+    Args:
+        raw_plan: Raw plan name from source data
+        payer_canonical: Already-normalized payer name (for stripping payer prefix)
+
+    Returns: Tuple of (plan_category, plan_network, plan_name).
+        plan_category is the top-level bucket ('Commercial', 'Medicare', etc.)
+        plan_network is the network type ('HMO', 'PPO', etc.) or None.
+        plan_name is the full classified name ('Commercial PPO', etc.)
+    """
+    if not raw_plan or not raw_plan.strip():
+        return ('Other', None, 'Other')
+
+    cleaned = _clean_plan_display_artifacts(raw_plan)
+    # Strip bracket-wrapped contract IDs: "Anthem Blue Connection Epo [100210404]"
+    cleaned = re.sub(r'\s*\[[\w]+\]\s*$', '', cleaned).strip()
+    # Unwrap fully bracket-wrapped names: "[Medicaid]" -> "Medicaid"
+    m = re.match(r'^\[(.+)\]$', cleaned)
+    if m:
+        cleaned = m.group(1).strip()
+
+    upper = cleaned.upper()
+    # Normalize underscores used as spaces (Sutter: "Medicare Adv_ Hmo / Ppo")
+    upper = upper.replace('_', ' ').strip()
+    upper = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', upper)
+
+    plan_name = _classify_plan(upper, cleaned, payer_canonical)
+    plan_category, plan_network = plan_name_to_cat_net(plan_name)
+    return (plan_category, plan_network, plan_name)
+