mqt-core 3.3.2__cp314-cp314t-macosx_11_0_x86_64.whl

mqt/core/include/mqt-core/boost/multiprecision/cpp_int/bitwise.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,889 @@
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//  Copyright 2012 John Maddock. Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+//
+// Comparison operators for cpp_int_backend:
+//
+#ifndef BOOST_MP_CPP_INT_BITWISE_HPP
+#define BOOST_MP_CPP_INT_BITWISE_HPP
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <boost/multiprecision/detail/endian.hpp>
+#include <boost/multiprecision/detail/no_exceptions_support.hpp>
+#include <boost/multiprecision/detail/assert.hpp>
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4319)
+#endif
+
+
+namespace boost { namespace multiprecision { namespace backends {
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void is_valid_bitwise_op(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o, const std::integral_constant<int, checked>&)
+{
+   if (result.sign() || o.sign())
+      BOOST_MP_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::range_error("Bitwise operations on negative values results in undefined behavior."));
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void is_valid_bitwise_op(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>&, const std::integral_constant<int, unchecked>&) {}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1>
+BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void is_valid_bitwise_op(
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, signed_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>& result, const std::integral_constant<int, checked>&)
+{
+   if (result.sign())
+      BOOST_MP_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::range_error("Bitwise operations on negative values results in undefined behavior."));
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1>
+BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void is_valid_bitwise_op(
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, unsigned_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>&, const std::integral_constant<int, checked>&) {}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1>
+BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void is_valid_bitwise_op(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&, const std::integral_constant<int, unchecked>&) {}
+
+template <class CppInt1, class CppInt2, class Op>
+BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void bitwise_op(
+    CppInt1&       result,
+    const CppInt2& o,
+    Op             op, const std::integral_constant<bool, true>&) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<CppInt1>::value))
+{
+   //
+   // There are 4 cases:
+   // * Both positive.
+   // * result negative, o positive.
+   // * o negative, result positive.
+   // * Both negative.
+   //
+   // When one arg is negative we convert to 2's complement form "on the fly",
+   // and then convert back to signed-magnitude form at the end.
+   //
+   // Note however, that if the type is checked, then bitwise ops on negative values
+   // are not permitted and an exception will result.
+   //
+   is_valid_bitwise_op(result, o, typename CppInt1::checked_type());
+   //
+   // First figure out how big the result needs to be and set up some data:
+   //
+   std::size_t rs = result.size();
+   std::size_t os = o.size();
+   std::size_t m(0), x(0);
+   minmax(rs, os, m, x);
+   result.resize(x, x);
+   typename CppInt1::limb_pointer       pr = result.limbs();
+   typename CppInt2::const_limb_pointer po = o.limbs();
+   for (std::size_t i = rs; i < x; ++i)
+      pr[i] = 0;
+
+   limb_type next_limb = 0;
+
+   if (!result.sign())
+   {
+      if (!o.sign())
+      {
+         for (std::size_t i = 0; i < os; ++i)
+            pr[i] = op(pr[i], po[i]);
+         for (std::size_t i = os; i < x; ++i)
+            pr[i] = op(pr[i], limb_type(0));
+      }
+      else
+      {
+         // "o" is negative:
+         double_limb_type carry = 1;
+         for (std::size_t i = 0; i < os; ++i)
+         {
+            carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~po[i]);
+            pr[i] = op(pr[i], static_cast<limb_type>(carry));
+            carry >>= CppInt1::limb_bits;
+         }
+         for (std::size_t i = os; i < x; ++i)
+         {
+            carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~limb_type(0));
+            pr[i] = op(pr[i], static_cast<limb_type>(carry));
+            carry >>= CppInt1::limb_bits;
+         }
+         // Set the overflow into the "extra" limb:
+         carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~limb_type(0));
+         next_limb = op(limb_type(0), static_cast<limb_type>(carry));
+      }
+   }
+   else
+   {
+      if (!o.sign())
+      {
+         // "result" is negative:
+         double_limb_type carry = 1;
+         for (std::size_t i = 0; i < os; ++i)
+         {
+            carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~pr[i]);
+            pr[i] = op(static_cast<limb_type>(carry), po[i]);
+            carry >>= CppInt1::limb_bits;
+         }
+         for (std::size_t i = os; i < x; ++i)
+         {
+            carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~pr[i]);
+            pr[i] = op(static_cast<limb_type>(carry), limb_type(0));
+            carry >>= CppInt1::limb_bits;
+         }
+         // Set the overflow into the "extra" limb:
+         carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~limb_type(0));
+         next_limb = op(static_cast<limb_type>(carry), limb_type(0));
+      }
+      else
+      {
+         // both are negative:
+         double_limb_type r_carry = 1;
+         double_limb_type o_carry = 1;
+         for (std::size_t i = 0; i < os; ++i)
+         {
+            r_carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~pr[i]);
+            o_carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~po[i]);
+            pr[i] = op(static_cast<limb_type>(r_carry), static_cast<limb_type>(o_carry));
+            r_carry >>= CppInt1::limb_bits;
+            o_carry >>= CppInt1::limb_bits;
+         }
+         for (std::size_t i = os; i < x; ++i)
+         {
+            r_carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~pr[i]);
+            o_carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~limb_type(0));
+            pr[i] = op(static_cast<limb_type>(r_carry), static_cast<limb_type>(o_carry));
+            r_carry >>= CppInt1::limb_bits;
+            o_carry >>= CppInt1::limb_bits;
+         }
+         // Set the overflow into the "extra" limb:
+         r_carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~limb_type(0));
+         o_carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~limb_type(0));
+         next_limb = op(static_cast<limb_type>(r_carry), static_cast<limb_type>(o_carry));
+      }
+   }
+   //
+   // See if the result is negative or not:
+   //
+   if (static_cast<signed_limb_type>(next_limb) < 0)
+   {
+      double_limb_type carry = 1;
+      for (std::size_t i = 0; i < x; ++i)
+      {
+         carry += static_cast<double_limb_type>(~pr[i]);
+         pr[i] = static_cast<limb_type>(carry);
+         carry >>= CppInt1::limb_bits;
+      }
+      if (carry)
+      {
+         result.resize(x + 1, x);
+         if (result.size() > x)
+            result.limbs()[x] = static_cast<limb_type>(carry);
+      }
+      result.sign(true);
+   }
+   else
+      result.sign(false);
+
+   result.normalize();
+}
+
+template <class CppInt1, class CppInt2, class Op>
+BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void bitwise_op(
+    CppInt1&       result,
+    const CppInt2& o,
+    Op             op, const std::integral_constant<bool, false>&) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<CppInt1>::value))
+{
+   //
+   // Both arguments are unsigned types, very simple case handled as a special case.
+   //
+   // First figure out how big the result needs to be and set up some data:
+   //
+   std::size_t rs = result.size();
+   std::size_t os = o.size();
+   std::size_t m(0), x(0);
+   minmax(rs, os, m, x);
+   result.resize(x, x);
+   typename CppInt1::limb_pointer       pr = result.limbs();
+   typename CppInt2::const_limb_pointer po = o.limbs();
+   for (std::size_t i = rs; i < x; ++i)
+      pr[i] = 0;
+
+   for (std::size_t i = 0; i < os; ++i)
+      pr[i] = op(pr[i], po[i]);
+   for (std::size_t i = os; i < x; ++i)
+      pr[i] = op(pr[i], limb_type(0));
+
+   result.normalize();
+}
+
+struct bit_and
+{
+   BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR limb_type operator()(limb_type a, limb_type b) const noexcept { return a & b; }
+};
+struct bit_or
+{
+   BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR limb_type operator()(limb_type a, limb_type b) const noexcept { return a | b; }
+};
+struct bit_xor
+{
+   BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR limb_type operator()(limb_type a, limb_type b) const noexcept { return a ^ b; }
+};
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+BOOST_MP_FORCEINLINE BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<!is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && !is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value>::type
+eval_bitwise_and(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   bitwise_op(result, o, bit_and(),
+              std::integral_constant<bool, std::numeric_limits<number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> > >::is_signed || std::numeric_limits<number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> > >::is_signed > ());
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+BOOST_MP_FORCEINLINE BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<!is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && !is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value>::type
+eval_bitwise_or(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   bitwise_op(result, o, bit_or(),
+              std::integral_constant<bool, std::numeric_limits<number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> > >::is_signed || std::numeric_limits<number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> > >::is_signed > ());
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+BOOST_MP_FORCEINLINE BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<!is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && !is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value>::type
+eval_bitwise_xor(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   bitwise_op(result, o, bit_xor(),
+              std::integral_constant<bool, std::numeric_limits<number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> > >::is_signed || std::numeric_limits<number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> > >::is_signed > ());
+}
+//
+// Again for operands which are single limbs:
+//
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1>
+BOOST_MP_FORCEINLINE BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<!is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, unsigned_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value>::type
+eval_bitwise_and(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, unsigned_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>& result,
+    limb_type                                                                      l) noexcept
+{
+   result.limbs()[0] &= l;
+   result.resize(1, 1);
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1>
+BOOST_MP_FORCEINLINE BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<!is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, unsigned_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value>::type
+eval_bitwise_or(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, unsigned_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>& result,
+    limb_type                                                                      l) noexcept
+{
+   result.limbs()[0] |= l;
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1>
+BOOST_MP_FORCEINLINE BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<!is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, unsigned_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value>::type
+eval_bitwise_xor(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, unsigned_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>& result,
+    limb_type                                                                      l) noexcept
+{
+   result.limbs()[0] ^= l;
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+BOOST_MP_FORCEINLINE BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<is_signed_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && !is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && !is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value>::type
+eval_complement(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   static_assert(((Checked1 != checked) || (Checked2 != checked)), "Attempt to take the complement of a signed type results in undefined behavior.");
+   // Increment and negate:
+   result = o;
+   eval_increment(result);
+   result.negate();
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1>
+BOOST_MP_FORCEINLINE BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<is_unsigned_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && !is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && !is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value>::type
+eval_complement(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   std::size_t os = o.size();
+   result.resize(SIZE_MAX, os);
+   for (std::size_t i = 0; i < os; ++i)
+      result.limbs()[i] = ~o.limbs()[i];
+   for (std::size_t i = os; i < result.size(); ++i)
+      result.limbs()[i] = ~static_cast<limb_type>(0);
+   result.normalize();
+}
+
+template <class Int>
+inline void left_shift_byte(Int& result, double_limb_type s)
+{
+   limb_type offset = static_cast<limb_type>(s / Int::limb_bits);
+   limb_type shift  = static_cast<limb_type>(s % Int::limb_bits);
+   std::size_t  ors    = result.size();
+   if ((ors == 1) && (!*result.limbs()))
+      return; // shifting zero yields zero.
+   std::size_t rs = ors;
+   if (shift && (result.limbs()[ors - 1] >> (Int::limb_bits - shift)))
+      ++rs; // Most significant limb will overflow when shifted
+   rs += offset;
+   result.resize(rs, rs);
+   rs = result.size();
+
+   typename Int::limb_pointer pr = result.limbs();
+
+   if (rs != ors)
+      pr[rs - 1] = 0u;
+   std::size_t bytes = static_cast<std::size_t>(s / CHAR_BIT);
+   std::size_t len   = (std::min)(ors * sizeof(limb_type), rs * sizeof(limb_type) - bytes);
+   if (bytes >= rs * sizeof(limb_type))
+      result = static_cast<limb_type>(0u);
+   else
+   {
+      unsigned char* pc = reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(pr);
+      std::memmove(pc + bytes, pc, len);
+      std::memset(pc, 0, bytes);
+   }
+}
+
+template <class Int>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void left_shift_limb(Int& result, double_limb_type s)
+{
+   limb_type offset = static_cast<limb_type>(s / Int::limb_bits);
+   limb_type shift  = static_cast<limb_type>(s % Int::limb_bits);
+
+   std::size_t ors = result.size();
+   if ((ors == 1) && (!*result.limbs()))
+      return; // shifting zero yields zero.
+   std::size_t rs = ors;
+   if (shift && (result.limbs()[ors - 1] >> (Int::limb_bits - shift)))
+      ++rs; // Most significant limb will overflow when shifted
+   rs += offset;
+   result.resize(rs, rs);
+
+   typename Int::limb_pointer pr = result.limbs();
+
+   if (offset > rs)
+   {
+      // The result is shifted past the end of the result:
+      result = static_cast<limb_type>(0);
+      return;
+   }
+
+   std::size_t i = rs - result.size();
+   for (; i < ors; ++i)
+      pr[rs - 1 - i] = pr[ors - 1 - i];
+#ifndef BOOST_MP_NO_CONSTEXPR_DETECTION
+   if (BOOST_MP_IS_CONST_EVALUATED(s))
+   {
+      for (; i < rs; ++i)
+         pr[rs - 1 - i] = 0;
+   }
+   else
+#endif
+   {
+      std::memset(pr, 0, (rs - i) * sizeof(*pr));
+   }
+}
+
+template <class Int>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void left_shift_generic(Int& result, double_limb_type s)
+{
+   limb_type offset = static_cast<limb_type>(s / Int::limb_bits);
+   limb_type shift  = static_cast<limb_type>(s % Int::limb_bits);
+
+   std::size_t ors = result.size();
+   if ((ors == 1) && (!*result.limbs()))
+      return; // shifting zero yields zero.
+   std::size_t rs = ors;
+   if (shift && (result.limbs()[ors - 1] >> (Int::limb_bits - shift)))
+      ++rs; // Most significant limb will overflow when shifted
+   rs += offset;
+   result.resize(rs, rs);
+   bool truncated = result.size() != rs;
+
+   typename Int::limb_pointer pr = result.limbs();
+
+   if (offset > rs)
+   {
+      // The result is shifted past the end of the result:
+      result = static_cast<limb_type>(0);
+      return;
+   }
+
+   std::size_t i = rs - result.size();
+   // This code only works when shift is non-zero, otherwise we invoke undefined behaviour!
+   BOOST_MP_ASSERT(shift);
+   if (!truncated)
+   {
+      if (rs > ors + offset)
+      {
+         pr[rs - 1 - i] = pr[ors - 1 - i] >> (Int::limb_bits - shift);
+         --rs;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+         pr[rs - 1 - i] = pr[ors - 1 - i] << shift;
+         if (ors > 1)
+            pr[rs - 1 - i] |= pr[ors - 2 - i] >> (Int::limb_bits - shift);
+         ++i;
+      }
+   }
+   for (; rs - i >= static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<std::size_t>(2u) + offset); ++i)
+   {
+      pr[rs - 1 - i] = pr[rs - 1 - i - offset] << shift;
+      pr[rs - 1 - i] |= pr[rs - 2 - i - offset] >> (Int::limb_bits - shift);
+   }
+   if (rs - i >= static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<std::size_t>(1u) + offset))
+   {
+      pr[rs - 1 - i] = pr[rs - 1 - i - offset] << shift;
+      ++i;
+   }
+#ifndef BOOST_MP_NO_CONSTEXPR_DETECTION
+   if (BOOST_MP_IS_CONST_EVALUATED(s))
+   {
+      for (; i < rs; ++i)
+         pr[rs - 1 - i] = 0;
+   }
+   else
+#endif
+   {
+      std::memset(pr, 0, (rs - i) * sizeof(*pr));
+   }
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<!is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value>::type
+eval_left_shift(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>& result,
+    double_limb_type                                                      s) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   is_valid_bitwise_op(result, typename cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>::checked_type());
+   if (!s)
+      return;
+
+#if BOOST_MP_ENDIAN_LITTLE_BYTE && defined(BOOST_MP_USE_LIMB_SHIFT)
+   constexpr limb_type limb_shift_mask = cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>::limb_bits - 1;
+   constexpr limb_type byte_shift_mask = CHAR_BIT - 1;
+
+   if ((s & limb_shift_mask) == 0)
+   {
+      left_shift_limb(result, s);
+   }
+#ifdef BOOST_MP_NO_CONSTEXPR_DETECTION
+   else if ((s & byte_shift_mask) == 0)
+#else
+   else if (((s & byte_shift_mask) == 0) && !BOOST_MP_IS_CONST_EVALUATED(s))
+#endif
+   {
+      left_shift_byte(result, s);
+   }
+#elif BOOST_MP_ENDIAN_LITTLE_BYTE
+   constexpr limb_type byte_shift_mask = CHAR_BIT - 1;
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MP_NO_CONSTEXPR_DETECTION
+   if ((s & byte_shift_mask) == 0)
+#else
+   constexpr limb_type limb_shift_mask = cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>::limb_bits - 1;
+   if (BOOST_MP_IS_CONST_EVALUATED(s) && ((s & limb_shift_mask) == 0))
+      left_shift_limb(result, s);
+   else if (((s & byte_shift_mask) == 0) && !BOOST_MP_IS_CONST_EVALUATED(s))
+#endif
+   {
+      left_shift_byte(result, s);
+   }
+#else
+   constexpr limb_type limb_shift_mask = cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>::limb_bits - 1;
+
+   if ((s & limb_shift_mask) == 0)
+   {
+      left_shift_limb(result, s);
+   }
+#endif
+   else
+   {
+      left_shift_generic(result, s);
+   }
+   //
+   // We may have shifted off the end and have leading zeros:
+   //
+   result.normalize();
+}
+
+template <class Int>
+inline void right_shift_byte(Int& result, double_limb_type s)
+{
+   limb_type offset = static_cast<limb_type>(s / Int::limb_bits);
+   BOOST_MP_ASSERT((s % CHAR_BIT) == 0);
+   std::size_t ors = result.size();
+   std::size_t rs  = ors;
+   if (offset >= rs)
+   {
+      result = limb_type(0);
+      return;
+   }
+   rs -= offset;
+   typename Int::limb_pointer pr = result.limbs();
+   unsigned char*             pc = reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(pr);
+   limb_type                  shift = static_cast<limb_type>(s / CHAR_BIT);
+   std::memmove(pc, pc + shift, ors * sizeof(pr[0]) - shift);
+   shift = (sizeof(limb_type) - shift % sizeof(limb_type)) * CHAR_BIT;
+   if (shift < Int::limb_bits)
+   {
+      pr[ors - offset - 1] &= (static_cast<limb_type>(1u) << shift) - 1;
+      if (!pr[ors - offset - 1] && (rs > 1))
+         --rs;
+   }
+   result.resize(rs, rs);
+}
+
+template <class Int>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void right_shift_limb(Int& result, double_limb_type s)
+{
+   limb_type offset = static_cast<limb_type>(s / Int::limb_bits);
+   BOOST_MP_ASSERT((s % Int::limb_bits) == 0);
+   std::size_t ors = result.size();
+   std::size_t rs  = ors;
+   if (offset >= rs)
+   {
+      result = limb_type(0);
+      return;
+   }
+   rs -= offset;
+   typename Int::limb_pointer pr = result.limbs();
+   std::size_t                   i  = 0;
+   for (; i < rs; ++i)
+      pr[i] = pr[i + offset];
+   result.resize(rs, rs);
+}
+
+template <class Int>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void right_shift_generic(Int& result, double_limb_type s)
+{
+   limb_type offset = static_cast<limb_type>(s / Int::limb_bits);
+   limb_type shift  = static_cast<limb_type>(s % Int::limb_bits);
+   std::size_t  ors    = result.size();
+   std::size_t  rs     = ors;
+   if (offset >= rs)
+   {
+      result = limb_type(0);
+      return;
+   }
+   rs -= offset;
+   typename Int::limb_pointer pr = result.limbs();
+   if ((pr[ors - 1] >> shift) == 0)
+   {
+      if (--rs == 0)
+      {
+         result = limb_type(0);
+         return;
+      }
+   }
+   std::size_t i = 0;
+
+   // This code only works for non-zero shift, otherwise we invoke undefined behaviour!
+   BOOST_MP_ASSERT(shift);
+   for (; i + offset + 1 < ors; ++i)
+   {
+      pr[i] = pr[i + offset] >> shift;
+      pr[i] |= pr[i + offset + 1] << (Int::limb_bits - shift);
+   }
+   pr[i] = pr[i + offset] >> shift;
+   result.resize(rs, rs);
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<!is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, unsigned_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value>::type
+eval_right_shift(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, unsigned_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>& result,
+    double_limb_type                                                               s) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, unsigned_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   is_valid_bitwise_op(result, typename cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, unsigned_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>::checked_type());
+   if (!s)
+      return;
+
+#if BOOST_MP_ENDIAN_LITTLE_BYTE && defined(BOOST_MP_USE_LIMB_SHIFT)
+   constexpr limb_type limb_shift_mask = cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, signed_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>::limb_bits - 1;
+   constexpr limb_type byte_shift_mask = CHAR_BIT - 1;
+
+   if ((s & limb_shift_mask) == 0)
+      right_shift_limb(result, s);
+#ifdef BOOST_MP_NO_CONSTEXPR_DETECTION
+   else if ((s & byte_shift_mask) == 0)
+#else
+   else if (((s & byte_shift_mask) == 0) && !BOOST_MP_IS_CONST_EVALUATED(s))
+#endif
+      right_shift_byte(result, s);
+#elif BOOST_MP_ENDIAN_LITTLE_BYTE
+   constexpr limb_type byte_shift_mask = CHAR_BIT - 1;
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MP_NO_CONSTEXPR_DETECTION
+   if ((s & byte_shift_mask) == 0)
+#else
+   constexpr limb_type limb_shift_mask = cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, signed_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>::limb_bits - 1;
+   if (BOOST_MP_IS_CONST_EVALUATED(s) && ((s & limb_shift_mask) == 0))
+      right_shift_limb(result, s);
+   else if (((s & byte_shift_mask) == 0) && !BOOST_MP_IS_CONST_EVALUATED(s))
+#endif
+      right_shift_byte(result, s);
+#else
+   constexpr limb_type limb_shift_mask = cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, signed_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>::limb_bits - 1;
+
+   if ((s & limb_shift_mask) == 0)
+      right_shift_limb(result, s);
+#endif
+   else
+      right_shift_generic(result, s);
+}
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<!is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, signed_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value>::type
+eval_right_shift(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, signed_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>& result,
+    double_limb_type                                                             s) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, signed_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   is_valid_bitwise_op(result, typename cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, signed_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>::checked_type());
+   if (!s)
+      return;
+
+   bool is_neg = result.sign();
+   if (is_neg)
+      eval_increment(result);
+
+#if BOOST_MP_ENDIAN_LITTLE_BYTE && defined(BOOST_MP_USE_LIMB_SHIFT)
+   constexpr limb_type limb_shift_mask = cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, signed_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>::limb_bits - 1;
+   constexpr limb_type byte_shift_mask = CHAR_BIT - 1;
+
+   if ((s & limb_shift_mask) == 0)
+      right_shift_limb(result, s);
+#ifdef BOOST_MP_NO_CONSTEXPR_DETECTION
+   else if ((s & byte_shift_mask) == 0)
+#else
+   else if (((s & byte_shift_mask) == 0) && !BOOST_MP_IS_CONST_EVALUATED(s))
+#endif
+      right_shift_byte(result, s);
+#elif BOOST_MP_ENDIAN_LITTLE_BYTE
+   constexpr limb_type byte_shift_mask = CHAR_BIT - 1;
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MP_NO_CONSTEXPR_DETECTION
+   if ((s & byte_shift_mask) == 0)
+#else
+   constexpr limb_type limb_shift_mask = cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, signed_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>::limb_bits - 1;
+   if (BOOST_MP_IS_CONST_EVALUATED(s) && ((s & limb_shift_mask) == 0))
+      right_shift_limb(result, s);
+   else if (((s & byte_shift_mask) == 0) && !BOOST_MP_IS_CONST_EVALUATED(s))
+#endif
+      right_shift_byte(result, s);
+#else
+   constexpr limb_type limb_shift_mask = cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, signed_magnitude, Checked1, Allocator1>::limb_bits - 1;
+
+   if ((s & limb_shift_mask) == 0)
+      right_shift_limb(result, s);
+#endif
+   else
+      right_shift_generic(result, s);
+   if (is_neg)
+      eval_decrement(result);
+}
+
+//
+// Over again for trivial cpp_int's:
+//
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, class T>
+BOOST_MP_FORCEINLINE BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value >::type
+eval_left_shift(cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>& result, T s) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   is_valid_bitwise_op(result, typename cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>::checked_type());
+   *result.limbs() = detail::checked_left_shift(*result.limbs(), s, typename cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>::checked_type());
+   result.normalize();
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, class T>
+BOOST_MP_FORCEINLINE BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value >::type
+eval_right_shift(cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>& result, T s) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   // Nothing to check here... just make sure we don't invoke undefined behavior:
+   is_valid_bitwise_op(result, typename cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>::checked_type());
+   *result.limbs() = (static_cast<unsigned>(s) >= sizeof(*result.limbs()) * CHAR_BIT) ? 0 : (result.sign() ? ((--*result.limbs()) >> s) + 1 : *result.limbs() >> s);
+   if (result.sign() && (*result.limbs() == 0))
+      result = static_cast<signed_limb_type>(-1);
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+    is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value && (is_signed_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value || is_signed_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value)>::type
+eval_complement(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   static_assert(((Checked1 != checked) || (Checked2 != checked)), "Attempt to take the complement of a signed type results in undefined behavior.");
+   //
+   // If we're not checked then emulate 2's complement behavior:
+   //
+   if (o.sign())
+   {
+      *result.limbs() = *o.limbs() - 1;
+      result.sign(false);
+   }
+   else
+   {
+      *result.limbs() = 1 + *o.limbs();
+      result.sign(true);
+   }
+   result.normalize();
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+    is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value && is_unsigned_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && is_unsigned_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value>::type
+eval_complement(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   *result.limbs() = ~*o.limbs();
+   result.normalize();
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+    is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value && is_unsigned_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && is_unsigned_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value>::type
+eval_bitwise_and(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   *result.limbs() &= *o.limbs();
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+    is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value && (is_signed_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value || is_signed_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value)>::type
+eval_bitwise_and(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   is_valid_bitwise_op(result, o, typename cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>::checked_type());
+
+   using default_ops::eval_bit_test;
+   using default_ops::eval_increment;
+
+   if (result.sign() || o.sign())
+   {
+      constexpr std::size_t m = detail::static_unsigned_max<detail::static_unsigned_max<MinBits1, MinBits2>::value, detail::static_unsigned_max<MaxBits1, MaxBits2>::value>::value;
+      cpp_int_backend<m + 1, m + 1, unsigned_magnitude, unchecked, void> t1(result);
+      cpp_int_backend<m + 1, m + 1, unsigned_magnitude, unchecked, void> t2(o);
+      eval_bitwise_and(t1, t2);
+      bool s = eval_bit_test(t1, m + 1);
+      if (s)
+      {
+         eval_complement(t1, t1);
+         eval_increment(t1);
+      }
+      result = t1;
+      result.sign(s);
+   }
+   else
+   {
+      *result.limbs() &= *o.limbs();
+   }
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+    is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value && is_unsigned_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && is_unsigned_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value>::type
+eval_bitwise_or(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   *result.limbs() |= *o.limbs();
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+    is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value && (is_signed_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value || is_signed_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value)>::type
+eval_bitwise_or(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   is_valid_bitwise_op(result, o, typename cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>::checked_type());
+
+   using default_ops::eval_bit_test;
+   using default_ops::eval_increment;
+
+   if (result.sign() || o.sign())
+   {
+      constexpr std::size_t m = detail::static_unsigned_max<detail::static_unsigned_max<MinBits1, MinBits2>::value, detail::static_unsigned_max<MaxBits1, MaxBits2>::value>::value;
+      cpp_int_backend<m + 1, m + 1, unsigned_magnitude, unchecked, void> t1(result);
+      cpp_int_backend<m + 1, m + 1, unsigned_magnitude, unchecked, void> t2(o);
+      eval_bitwise_or(t1, t2);
+      bool s = eval_bit_test(t1, m + 1);
+      if (s)
+      {
+         eval_complement(t1, t1);
+         eval_increment(t1);
+      }
+      result = t1;
+      result.sign(s);
+   }
+   else
+   {
+      *result.limbs() |= *o.limbs();
+      result.normalize();
+   }
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+    is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value && is_unsigned_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && is_unsigned_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value>::type
+eval_bitwise_xor(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   *result.limbs() ^= *o.limbs();
+}
+
+template <std::size_t MinBits1, std::size_t MaxBits1, cpp_integer_type SignType1, cpp_int_check_type Checked1, class Allocator1, std::size_t MinBits2, std::size_t MaxBits2, cpp_integer_type SignType2, cpp_int_check_type Checked2, class Allocator2>
+inline BOOST_MP_CXX14_CONSTEXPR typename std::enable_if<
+    is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value && is_trivial_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value && (is_signed_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value || is_signed_number<cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2> >::value)>::type
+eval_bitwise_xor(
+    cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>&       result,
+    const cpp_int_backend<MinBits2, MaxBits2, SignType2, Checked2, Allocator2>& o) noexcept((is_non_throwing_cpp_int<cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1> >::value))
+{
+   is_valid_bitwise_op(result, o, typename cpp_int_backend<MinBits1, MaxBits1, SignType1, Checked1, Allocator1>::checked_type());
+
+   using default_ops::eval_bit_test;
+   using default_ops::eval_increment;
+
+   if (result.sign() || o.sign())
+   {
+      constexpr std::size_t m = detail::static_unsigned_max<detail::static_unsigned_max<MinBits1, MinBits2>::value, detail::static_unsigned_max<MaxBits1, MaxBits2>::value>::value;
+      cpp_int_backend<m + 1, m + 1, unsigned_magnitude, unchecked, void> t1(result);
+      cpp_int_backend<m + 1, m + 1, unsigned_magnitude, unchecked, void> t2(o);
+      eval_bitwise_xor(t1, t2);
+      bool s = eval_bit_test(t1, m + 1);
+      if (s)
+      {
+         eval_complement(t1, t1);
+         eval_increment(t1);
+      }
+      result = t1;
+      result.sign(s);
+   }
+   else
+   {
+      *result.limbs() ^= *o.limbs();
+   }
+}
+
+}}} // namespace boost::multiprecision::backends
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+#endif