maxframe 2.2.0__cp39-cp39-macosx_10_9_universal2.whl → 2.3.0rc1__cp39-cp39-macosx_10_9_universal2.whl

maxframe/dataframe/reduction/argmax.py

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class DataFrameArgMax(DataFrameReduction, DataFrameReductionMixin):
         return ReductionCallable(func_name=func_name, kwargs=kw)
 
 
-def argmax_series(series, axis=0, skipna=True):
+def argmax_series_index(series_or_index, axis=0, skipna=True, *args, **kwargs):
     """
     Return int position of the smallest value in the Series.
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ def argmax_series(series, axis=0, skipna=True):
     --------
     Series.argmin : Return position of the minimum value.
     Series.argmax : Return position of the maximum value.
-    numpy.ndarray.argmax : Equivalent method for numpy arrays.
+    maxframe.tensor.argmax : Equivalent method for tensors.
     Series.idxmax : Return index label of the maximum values.
     Series.idxmin : Return index label of the minimum values.
 
@@ -92,9 +92,12 @@ def argmax_series(series, axis=0, skipna=True):
     the minimum cereal calories is the first element,
     since series is zero-indexed.
     """
-    validate_axis(axis, series)
+    # args not implemented, just ignore
+    _ = args, kwargs
+
+    validate_axis(axis, series_or_index)
     op = DataFrameArgMax(
         dropna=skipna,
         output_types=[OutputType.scalar],
     )
-    return op(series)
+    return op(series_or_index)

maxframe/dataframe/reduction/argmin.py

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class DataFrameArgMin(DataFrameReduction, DataFrameReductionMixin):
         return ReductionCallable(func_name=func_name, kwargs=kw)
 
 
-def argmin_series(series, axis=0, skipna=True):
+def argmin_series_index(series_or_index, axis=0, skipna=True, *args, **kwargs):
     """
     Return int position of the smallest value in the Series.
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ def argmin_series(series, axis=0, skipna=True):
     --------
     Series.argmin : Return position of the minimum value.
     Series.argmax : Return position of the maximum value.
-    numpy.ndarray.argmin : Equivalent method for numpy arrays.
+    maxframe.tensor.argmin : Equivalent method for tensors.
     Series.idxmax : Return index label of the maximum values.
     Series.idxmin : Return index label of the minimum values.
 
@@ -92,9 +92,12 @@ def argmin_series(series, axis=0, skipna=True):
     the minimum cereal calories is the first element,
     since series is zero-indexed.
     """
-    validate_axis(axis, series)
+    # args not implemented, just ignore
+    _ = args, kwargs
+
+    validate_axis(axis, series_or_index)
     op = DataFrameArgMin(
         dropna=skipna,
         output_types=[OutputType.scalar],
     )
-    return op(series)
+    return op(series_or_index)

maxframe/dataframe/reduction/core.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 import functools
 import inspect
-from collections import OrderedDict
+from collections import OrderedDict, namedtuple
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, NamedTuple, Optional, Tuple
 
 import msgpack
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ from ...serialization.serializables import (
     StringField,
 )
 from ...typing_ import TileableType
-from ...utils import get_item_if_scalar, pd_release_version, tokenize
+from ...utils import get_item_if_scalar, get_pd_option, pd_release_version, tokenize
 from ..operators import DATAFRAME_TYPE, DataFrameOperator, DataFrameOperatorMixin
 from ..utils import (
     build_df,
@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@ _reduce_bool_as_object = pd_release_version[:2] != (1, 2)
 
 _idx_reduction_without_numeric_only = pd_release_version[:2] < (1, 5)
 
+NamedAgg = namedtuple("NamedAgg", ["column", "aggfunc"])
+
 
 class DataFrameReduction(DataFrameOperator):
     _legacy_name = "DataFrameReductionOperator"  # since v2.2.0
@@ -70,7 +72,7 @@ class DataFrameReduction(DataFrameOperator):
 
     def __init__(self, gpu=None, sparse=None, output_types=None, **kw):
         kw["use_inf_as_na"] = kw.pop(
-            "use_inf_as_na", pd.get_option("mode.use_inf_as_na")
+            "use_inf_as_na", get_pd_option("mode.use_inf_as_na", False)
         )
         super().__init__(gpu=gpu, sparse=sparse, _output_types=output_types, **kw)
 
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ class DataFrameCumReduction(DataFrameOperator):
 
     def __init__(self, gpu=None, sparse=None, output_types=None, **kw):
         kw["use_inf_as_na"] = kw.pop(
-            "use_inf_as_na", pd.get_option("mode.use_inf_as_na")
+            "use_inf_as_na", get_pd_option("mode.use_inf_as_na", False)
         )
         super().__init__(gpu=gpu, sparse=sparse, _output_types=output_types, **kw)
 
@@ -300,10 +302,13 @@ class DataFrameReductionMixin(DataFrameOperatorMixin):
 
         if func_name == "custom_reduction":
             empty_series = build_series(series, ensure_string=True)
-            result_scalar = getattr(self, "custom_reduction").__call_agg__(empty_series)
-            if hasattr(result_scalar, "to_pandas"):  # pragma: no cover
-                result_scalar = result_scalar.to_pandas()
-            result_dtype = pd.Series(result_scalar).dtype
+            custom_reduction_obj = getattr(self, "custom_reduction")
+            result_dtype = getattr(custom_reduction_obj, "result_dtype", None)
+            if result_dtype is None:
+                result_scalar = custom_reduction_obj.__call_agg__(empty_series)
+                if hasattr(result_scalar, "to_pandas"):  # pragma: no cover
+                    result_scalar = result_scalar.to_pandas()
+                result_dtype = pd.Series(result_scalar).dtype
         else:
             result_dtype = _get_series_reduction_dtype(
                 series.dtype,
@@ -378,6 +383,10 @@ class CustomReduction:
     def __name__(self):
         return self.name
 
+    @property
+    def result_dtype(self):
+        return None
+
     def __call__(self, value):
         if isinstance(value, ENTITY_TYPE):
             from .custom_reduction import build_custom_reduction_result
@@ -512,7 +521,7 @@ class ReductionCompiler:
     def _check_function_valid(cls, func):
         if isinstance(func, functools.partial):
             return cls._check_function_valid(func.func)
-        elif isinstance(func, (CustomReduction, ReductionCallable)):
+        elif not hasattr(func, "__code__"):
             return
 
         func_code = func.__code__

maxframe/dataframe/reduction/mode.py

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+# Copyright 1999-2025 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from ... import opcodes
+from ...core import OutputType, get_output_types
+from ...serialization.serializables import BoolField, Int32Field
+from ..operators import DataFrameOperator, DataFrameOperatorMixin
+from ..utils import parse_index, validate_axis
+
+
+class DataFrameMode(DataFrameOperator, DataFrameOperatorMixin):
+    _op_type_ = opcodes.MODE
+
+    axis = Int32Field("axis", default=None)
+    numeric_only = BoolField("numeric_only", default=False)
+    dropna = BoolField("dropna", default=True)
+    combine_size = Int32Field("combine_size", default=None)
+
+    def __call__(self, in_obj):
+        self._output_types = get_output_types(in_obj)
+        params = in_obj.params
+        shape = list(in_obj.shape)
+        shape[self.axis] = np.nan
+        params["shape"] = tuple(shape)
+
+        if self.axis == 0:
+            pd_idx = in_obj.index_value.to_pandas()[:0]
+            params["index_value"] = parse_index(pd_idx)
+        else:
+            pd_idx = in_obj.columns_value.to_pandas()[:0]
+            params["columns_value"] = parse_index(pd_idx)
+            params["dtypes"] = None
+        return self.new_tileable([in_obj], **params)
+
+
+def mode_dataframe(df, axis=0, numeric_only=False, dropna=True, combine_size=None):
+    """
+    Get the mode(s) of each element along the selected axis.
+    The mode of a set of values is the value that appears most often.
+    It can be multiple values.
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    axis : {0 or 'index', 1 or 'columns'}, default 0
+        The axis to iterate over while searching for the mode:
+        * 0 or 'index' : get mode of each column
+        * 1 or 'columns' : get mode of each row.
+    numeric_only : bool, default False
+        If True, only apply to numeric columns.
+    dropna : bool, default True
+        Don't consider counts of NaN/NaT.
+    Returns
+    -------
+    DataFrame
+        The modes of each column or row.
+    See Also
+    --------
+    Series.mode : Return the highest frequency value in a Series.
+    Series.value_counts : Return the counts of values in a Series.
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import maxframe.tensor as mt
+    >>> import maxframe.dataframe as md
+    >>> df = md.DataFrame([('bird', 2, 2),
+    ...                    ('mammal', 4, mt.nan),
+    ...                    ('arthropod', 8, 0),
+    ...                    ('bird', 2, mt.nan)],
+    ...                   index=('falcon', 'horse', 'spider', 'ostrich'),
+    ...                   columns=('species', 'legs', 'wings'))
+    >>> df.execute()
+               species  legs  wings
+    falcon        bird     2    2.0
+    horse       mammal     4    NaN
+    spider   arthropod     8    0.0
+    ostrich       bird     2    NaN
+    By default, missing values are not considered, and the mode of wings
+    are both 0 and 2. Because the resulting DataFrame has two rows,
+    the second row of ``species`` and ``legs`` contains ``NaN``.
+    >>> df.mode().execute()
+      species  legs  wings
+    0    bird   2.0    0.0
+    1     NaN   NaN    2.0
+    Setting ``dropna=False`` ``NaN`` values are considered and they can be
+    the mode (like for wings).
+    >>> df.mode(dropna=False).execute()
+      species  legs  wings
+    0    bird     2    NaN
+    Setting ``numeric_only=True``, only the mode of numeric columns is
+    computed, and columns of other types are ignored.
+    >>> df.mode(numeric_only=True).execute()
+       legs  wings
+    0   2.0    0.0
+    1   NaN    2.0
+    To compute the mode over columns and not rows, use the axis parameter:
+    >>> df.mode(axis='columns', numeric_only=True).execute()
+               0    1
+    falcon   2.0  NaN
+    horse    4.0  NaN
+    spider   0.0  8.0
+    ostrich  2.0  NaN
+    """
+    op = DataFrameMode(
+        axis=validate_axis(axis),
+        numeric_only=numeric_only,
+        dropna=dropna,
+        combine_size=combine_size,
+        output_types=[OutputType.dataframe],
+    )
+    return op(df)
+
+
+def mode_series(series, dropna=True, combine_size=None):
+    """
+    Return the mode(s) of the Series.
+    The mode is the value that appears most often. There can be multiple modes.
+    Always returns Series even if only one value is returned.
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    dropna : bool, default True
+        Don't consider counts of NaN/NaT.
+    Returns
+    -------
+    Series
+        Modes of the Series in sorted order.
+    """
+    op = DataFrameMode(
+        axis=0,
+        dropna=dropna,
+        combine_size=combine_size,
+        output_types=[OutputType.series],
+    )
+    return op(series)

maxframe/dataframe/reduction/nunique.py

@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@ except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
 from ... import opcodes
 from ...config import options
 from ...core import OutputType
-from ...serialization.serializables import BoolField
+from ...serialization.serializables import BoolField, StringField
 from ...utils import lazy_import
+from ..utils import validate_dtype_backend
 from .core import DataFrameReduction, DataFrameReductionMixin, ReductionCallable
 
 cudf = lazy_import("cudf")
@@ -32,7 +33,13 @@ class DataFrameNunique(DataFrameReduction, DataFrameReductionMixin):
     _func_name = "nunique"
 
     dropna = BoolField("dropna", default=None)
-    use_arrow_dtype = BoolField("use_arrow_dtype", default=None)
+    dtype_backend = StringField(
+        "dtype_backend", on_deserialize=validate_dtype_backend, default=None
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, dtype_backend=None, **kw):
+        dtype_backend = validate_dtype_backend(dtype_backend)
+        super().__init__(dtype_backend=dtype_backend, **kw)
 
     @property
     def is_atomic(self):
@@ -137,6 +144,6 @@ def nunique_series(series, dropna=True):
     op = DataFrameNunique(
         dropna=dropna,
         output_types=[OutputType.scalar],
-        use_arrow_dtype=options.dataframe.use_arrow_dtype,
+        dtype_backend=options.dataframe.dtype_backend,
     )
     return op(series)

maxframe/dataframe/reduction/tests/test_reduction.py

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ from .... import dataframe as md
 from ....lib.dtypes_extension import ArrowDtype
 from ....tensor import Tensor
 from ....tests.utils import assert_mf_index_dtype
+from ....udf import ODPSFunction
 from ...core import DataFrame, IndexValue, OutputType, Series
 from ...datasource.dataframe import from_pandas as from_pandas_df
 from ...datasource.series import from_pandas as from_pandas_series
@@ -527,3 +528,14 @@ def test_custom_aggregation():
         assert result.agg_funcs[0].agg_func_name == "custom_reduction"
         assert isinstance(result.agg_funcs[0].custom_reduction, MockReduction2)
         assert result.agg_funcs[0].output_limit == 2
+
+
+def test_aggregation_with_odps_function():
+    odps_func = ODPSFunction("test_odps_udaf", dtype=np.float64)
+    for ndim in [1, 2]:
+        compiler = ReductionCompiler()
+        compiler.add_function(odps_func, ndim=ndim)
+        result = compiler.compile()
+        assert result.agg_funcs[0].map_func_name == "custom_reduction"
+        assert result.agg_funcs[0].agg_func_name == "custom_reduction"
+        assert isinstance(result.agg_funcs[0].custom_reduction, ODPSFunction)

maxframe/dataframe/sort/__init__.py

@@ -12,21 +12,24 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
+from .rank import DataFrameRank
 from .sort_index import DataFrameSortIndex
 from .sort_values import DataFrameSortValues
 
 
 def _install():
-    from ..core import DATAFRAME_TYPE, SERIES_TYPE
-    from .argsort import series_argsort
+    from ..core import DATAFRAME_TYPE, INDEX_TYPE, SERIES_TYPE
+    from .argsort import index_argsort, series_argsort
     from .nlargest import df_nlargest, series_nlargest
     from .nsmallest import df_nsmallest, series_nsmallest
+    from .rank import rank
     from .sort_index import sort_index
     from .sort_values import dataframe_sort_values, series_sort_values
 
     for cls in DATAFRAME_TYPE:
         setattr(cls, "nlargest", df_nlargest)
         setattr(cls, "nsmallest", df_nsmallest)
+        setattr(cls, "rank", rank)
         setattr(cls, "sort_values", dataframe_sort_values)
         setattr(cls, "sort_index", sort_index)
 
@@ -34,9 +37,13 @@ def _install():
         setattr(cls, "argsort", series_argsort)
         setattr(cls, "nlargest", series_nlargest)
         setattr(cls, "nsmallest", series_nsmallest)
+        setattr(cls, "rank", rank)
         setattr(cls, "sort_values", series_sort_values)
         setattr(cls, "sort_index", sort_index)
 
+    for cls in INDEX_TYPE:
+        setattr(cls, "argsort", index_argsort)
+
 
 _install()
 del _install

maxframe/dataframe/sort/argsort.py

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def series_argsort(series, axis=0, kind="quicksort", order=None, stable=None):
 
     See Also
     --------
-    numpy.ndarray.argsort : Returns the indices that would sort this array.
+    maxframe.tensor.argsort : Returns the indices that would sort this array.
 
     Examples
     --------
@@ -60,3 +60,9 @@ def series_argsort(series, axis=0, kind="quicksort", order=None, stable=None):
     axis = 0
     t = mt.argsort(series.to_tensor(), axis=axis, kind=kind)
     return series_from_tensor(t, index=series.index)
+
+
+def index_argsort(index, *args, **kwargs):
+    from ... import tensor as mt
+
+    return mt.argsort(index.to_tensor(), *args, **kwargs)

maxframe/dataframe/sort/core.py

@@ -32,6 +32,6 @@ class DataFrameSortOperator(DataFrameOperator):
     na_position = StringField("na_position")
     ignore_index = BoolField("ignore_index")
     parallel_kind = StringField("parallel_kind")
-    psrs_kinds = ListField("psrs_kinds", FieldTypes.string)
+    psrs_kinds = ListField("psrs_kinds", FieldTypes.string, default=None)
     nrows = Int64Field("nrows", default=None)
     keep_kind = StringField("keep_kind", default="head")

maxframe/dataframe/sort/rank.py

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+# Copyright 1999-2025 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
+
+from ...serialization.serializables import BoolField, StringField
+from ..operators import DataFrameOperatorMixin
+from .core import DataFrameSortOperator
+
+
+class DataFrameRank(DataFrameSortOperator, DataFrameOperatorMixin):
+    method = StringField("method", default=None)
+    numeric_only = BoolField("numeric_only", default=None)
+    pct = BoolField("pct", default=False)
+
+    @property
+    def na_option(self):
+        return self.na_position
+
+    def __call__(self, df_obj):
+        params = df_obj.params
+        if df_obj.ndim == 2:  # dataframe
+            if self.numeric_only:
+                sel_df = df_obj.select_dtypes(include=[np.number])
+                cols = sel_df.dtypes.index
+            else:
+                cols = df_obj.dtypes.index
+            params["dtypes"] = pd.Series([np.dtype(float)] * len(cols), index=cols)
+            return self.new_dataframe([df_obj], **params)
+        else:
+            params["dtypes"] = np.dtype(float)
+            return self.new_series([df_obj], **params)
+
+
+def rank(
+    df,
+    axis=0,
+    method="average",
+    numeric_only=False,
+    na_option="keep",
+    ascending=True,
+    pct=False,
+):
+    """
+    Compute numerical data ranks (1 through n) along axis.
+
+    By default, equal values are assigned a rank that is the average of the
+    ranks of those values.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    axis : {0 or 'index', 1 or 'columns'}, default 0
+        Index to direct ranking.
+    method : {'average', 'min', 'max', 'first', 'dense'}, default 'average'
+        How to rank the group of records that have the same value (i.e. ties):
+
+        * average: average rank of the group
+        * min: lowest rank in the group
+        * max: highest rank in the group
+        * first: ranks assigned in order they appear in the array
+        * dense: like 'min', but rank always increases by 1 between groups.
+
+    numeric_only : bool, optional
+        For DataFrame objects, rank only numeric columns if set to True.
+    na_option : {'keep', 'top', 'bottom'}, default 'keep'
+        How to rank NaN values:
+
+        * keep: assign NaN rank to NaN values
+        * top: assign lowest rank to NaN values
+        * bottom: assign highest rank to NaN values
+
+    ascending : bool, default True
+        Whether or not the elements should be ranked in ascending order.
+    pct : bool, default False
+        Whether or not to display the returned rankings in percentile
+        form.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    same type as caller
+        Return a Series or DataFrame with data ranks as values.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    core.groupby.GroupBy.rank : Rank of values within each group.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import maxframe.tensor as mt
+    >>> import maxframe.dataframe as md
+    >>> df = md.DataFrame(data={'Animal': ['cat', 'penguin', 'dog',
+    ...                                    'spider', 'snake'],
+    ...                         'Number_legs': [4, 2, 4, 8, mt.nan]})
+    >>> df.execute()
+        Animal  Number_legs
+    0      cat          4.0
+    1  penguin          2.0
+    2      dog          4.0
+    3   spider          8.0
+    4    snake          NaN
+
+    The following example shows how the method behaves with the above
+    parameters:
+
+    * default_rank: this is the default behaviour obtained without using
+      any parameter.
+    * max_rank: setting ``method = 'max'`` the records that have the
+      same values are ranked using the highest rank (e.g.: since 'cat'
+      and 'dog' are both in the 2nd and 3rd position, rank 3 is assigned.)
+    * NA_bottom: choosing ``na_option = 'bottom'``, if there are records
+      with NaN values they are placed at the bottom of the ranking.
+    * pct_rank: when setting ``pct = True``, the ranking is expressed as
+      percentile rank.
+
+    >>> df['default_rank'] = df['Number_legs'].rank()
+    >>> df['max_rank'] = df['Number_legs'].rank(method='max')
+    >>> df['NA_bottom'] = df['Number_legs'].rank(na_option='bottom')
+    >>> df['pct_rank'] = df['Number_legs'].rank(pct=True)
+    >>> df.execute()
+        Animal  Number_legs  default_rank  max_rank  NA_bottom  pct_rank
+    0      cat          4.0           2.5       3.0        2.5     0.625
+    1  penguin          2.0           1.0       1.0        1.0     0.250
+    2      dog          4.0           2.5       3.0        2.5     0.625
+    3   spider          8.0           4.0       4.0        4.0     1.000
+    4    snake          NaN           NaN       NaN        5.0       NaN
+    """
+    op = DataFrameRank(
+        axis=axis,
+        method=method,
+        numeric_only=numeric_only,
+        na_position=na_option,
+        ascending=ascending,
+        pct=pct,
+    )
+    return op(df)

maxframe/dataframe/tseries/__init__.py

@@ -11,3 +11,22 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+
+
+def _install():
+    from ..core import DATAFRAME_TYPE, SERIES_TYPE
+    from .at_time import at_time
+    from .between_time import between_time
+    from .to_datetime import to_datetime  # noqa
+
+    for t in SERIES_TYPE:
+        t.at_time = at_time
+        t.between_time = between_time
+
+    for t in DATAFRAME_TYPE:
+        t.at_time = at_time
+        t.between_time = between_time
+
+
+_install()
+del _install

maxframe/dataframe/tseries/at_time.py

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# Copyright 1999-2025 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+def at_time(df_or_series, time, axis=0):
+    """
+    Select values at particular time of day (e.g., 9:30AM).
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    time : datetime.time or str
+        The values to select.
+    axis : {0 or 'index', 1 or 'columns'}, default 0
+        For `Series` this parameter is unused and defaults to 0.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    Series or DataFrame
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    TypeError
+        If the index is not  a :class:`DatetimeIndex`
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    between_time : Select values between particular times of the day.
+    first : Select initial periods of time series based on a date offset.
+    last : Select final periods of time series based on a date offset.
+    DatetimeIndex.indexer_at_time : Get just the index locations for
+        values at particular time of the day.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import maxframe.dataframe as md
+    >>> i = md.date_range('2018-04-09', periods=4, freq='12h')
+    >>> ts = md.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 3, 4]}, index=i)
+    >>> ts.execute()
+                         A
+    2018-04-09 00:00:00  1
+    2018-04-09 12:00:00  2
+    2018-04-10 00:00:00  3
+    2018-04-10 12:00:00  4
+
+    >>> ts.at_time('12:00').execute()
+                         A
+    2018-04-09 12:00:00  2
+    2018-04-10 12:00:00  4
+    """
+    return df_or_series.between_time(time, time, inclusive="both", axis=axis)