linkml 1.9.4rc2__py3-none-any.whl → 1.9.5rc1__py3-none-any.whl

linkml/generators/rustgen/template.py

@@ -0,0 +1,865 @@
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import ClassVar, Optional
+
+from jinja2 import Environment, PackageLoader
+from linkml_runtime.utils.formatutils import uncamelcase, underscore
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, computed_field, field_validator
+
+from linkml.generators.common.template import Import as Import_
+from linkml.generators.common.template import Imports as Imports_
+from linkml.generators.common.template import TemplateModel, _render
+
+
+class ContainerType(Enum):
+    LIST = "list"
+    MAPPING = "mapping"
+
+
+class RustRange(BaseModel):
+    optional: bool = False
+    containerType: Optional[ContainerType] = None
+    has_default: bool = False
+    is_class_range: bool = False
+    is_reference: bool = False
+    box_needed: bool = False
+    has_class_subtypes: bool = False
+    child_ranges: Optional[list["RustRange"]] = None
+    type_: str
+
+    def type_name(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Canonical Rust type name (no module path).
+
+        Centralizes how we derive a display/type identifier for variants,
+        avoiding ad-hoc string splitting in templates or other models.
+        """
+        # For references, range.type_ is already "String" in current generator,
+        # but keep behavior robust even if callers pass a namespaced path.
+        t = self.type_
+        # Trim any module path qualifiers like crate::mod::Type
+        if "::" in t:
+            t = t.split("::")[-1]
+        return t
+
+    def is_copy(self) -> bool:
+        """Return True when values of this range implement Rust's Copy.
+
+        Used to decide whether scalar getters can return by value or must
+        borrow. The set is intentionally conservative and limited to common
+        numeric and boolean primitives.
+        """
+        return self.type_ in ["i8", "i16", "i32", "i64", "u8", "u16", "u32", "u64", "f32", "f64", "bool", "isize"]
+
+    def type_for_field(self):
+        """Concrete Rust type to store in a struct field.
+
+        Applies structural adjustments in this order:
+        - Promote class types with subtypes to `OrSubtype` (unless references).
+        - Box inlined class values when needed to break recursive ownership.
+        - Wrap in `Vec<>` or `HashMap<String, _>` for list/map slots.
+        - Wrap in `Option<>` when the slot is optional.
+        """
+        tp = self.type_
+        if self.has_class_subtypes:
+            if not self.is_reference:
+                tp = f"{tp}OrSubtype"
+        if self.box_needed:
+            tp = f"Box<{tp}>"
+        if self.containerType == ContainerType.LIST:
+            tp = f"Vec<{tp}>"
+        elif self.containerType == ContainerType.MAPPING:
+            tp = f"HashMap<String, {tp}>"
+        if self.optional:
+            tp = f"Option<{tp}>"
+        return tp
+
+    def type_without_option(self) -> str:
+        """Field type without the outer Option wrapper."""
+
+        tp = self.type_for_field()
+        if self.optional and tp.startswith("Option<") and tp.endswith(">"):
+            return tp[7:-1]
+        return tp
+
+    def type_for_constructor(self) -> str:
+        """Parameter type for struct constructors (PyO3 new).
+
+        Class ranges accept a serde-backed adapter that can deserialize
+        dictionaries or reuse existing pyclass instances. Other ranges
+        keep their field types unchanged.
+        """
+
+        if self.is_class_range and not self.is_reference:
+            inner = self.type_without_option()
+            wrapped = f"serde_utils::PyValue<{inner}>"
+            if self.optional:
+                return f"Option<{wrapped}>"
+            return wrapped
+        return self.type_for_field()
+
+    def needs_constructor_conversion(self) -> bool:
+        """True when constructor arguments need post-processing."""
+
+        return self.is_class_range and not self.is_reference
+
+    def convert_constructor_value(self, var_name: str) -> str:
+        """Expression to convert constructor argument into field value."""
+
+        if not self.needs_constructor_conversion():
+            return var_name
+        if self.optional:
+            return f"{var_name}.map(|v| v.into_inner())"
+        return f"{var_name}.into_inner()"
+
+    def type_for_trait(self, crateref: Optional[str], setter: bool = False):
+        """Signature type for trait getters/setters over this range.
+
+        - For getters (setter=False):
+          - Lists/Maps return borrowed views (`SeqRef`/`MapRef`) with explicit lifetimes.
+          - Scalars borrow `&T` for non-Copy values; Copy values return by value.
+          - Class types without subtypes are prefixed with `crate::` for stability;
+            with subtypes, use `OrSubtype`.
+          - Optional scalars collapse to `Option<&str>` for strings and borrow for others.
+        - For setters (setter=True):
+          - Lists/Maps accept `&Vec<_>`/`&HashMap<_, _>`.
+          - Class scalars accept a generic `E` with `Into<T>` bound (computed separately).
+        """
+        tp = self.type_
+        if self.is_class_range and not self.has_class_subtypes and not setter:
+            if crateref and not self.is_reference:
+                tp = f"{crateref}::{tp}"
+        if self.has_class_subtypes and not self.is_reference:
+            tp = f"{tp}OrSubtype"
+        if self.is_class_range and setter and not self.is_reference:
+            tp = "E"
+        convert_ref = False
+        if self.containerType == ContainerType.LIST:
+            if not setter:
+                # tp = f"poly_containers::ListView<{tp}>"
+                tp = f"impl poly_containers::SeqRef<'a, {tp}>"
+            else:
+                tp = f"&Vec<{tp}>"
+        elif self.containerType == ContainerType.MAPPING:
+            if not setter:
+                tp = f"impl poly_containers::MapRef<'a, String,{tp}>"
+            else:
+                tp = f"&HashMap<String, {tp}>"
+        else:
+            if not self.is_copy():
+                convert_ref = True
+        if not setter and convert_ref and (not self.optional or (self.is_class_range and not self.is_reference)):
+            tp = f"&'a {tp}"
+        if self.optional:
+            if self.containerType or (self.is_class_range and not self.is_reference):
+                tp = f"Option<{tp}>"
+            else:
+                if tp == "String":
+                    tp = "Option<&'a str>"
+                else:
+                    if self.is_copy():
+                        tp = f"Option<{tp}>"
+                    else:
+                        tp = f"Option<&'a {tp}>"
+        if tp == "&'a String":
+            tp = "&'a str"
+        return tp
+
+    def type_for_trait_value(self, crateref: Optional[str]) -> str:
+        """By-value getter type for trait methods.
+
+        Used when the trait returns a canonical union or otherwise needs owned
+        values. Containers become `Vec<_>`/`HashMap<_, _>`. For class scalars,
+        add `crate::` unless the range admits subtypes (then use `OrSubtype`).
+        """
+        # Union type: already canonical
+        if self.child_ranges is not None and len(self.child_ranges) > 1:
+            tp = self.type_
+        else:
+            tp = self.type_
+            if self.is_class_range and not self.is_reference:
+                if self.has_class_subtypes:
+                    tp = f"{tp}OrSubtype"
+                elif crateref:
+                    tp = f"{crateref}::{tp}"
+        if self.containerType == ContainerType.LIST:
+            tp = f"Vec<{tp}>"
+        elif self.containerType == ContainerType.MAPPING:
+            tp = f"HashMap<String, {tp}>"
+        if self.optional:
+            tp = f"Option<{tp}>"
+        return tp
+
+    def type_bound_for_setter(self, crateref: Optional[str]) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Generic bound to accept convertible values in setter signatures.
+
+        For class ranges, setters use a type parameter `E` constrained as
+        `Into<T>` to allow ergonomic conversions. Non-class ranges do not
+        require a bound and return None.
+        """
+        if self.is_class_range:
+            tp = self.type_
+            return f"Into<{tp}>"
+        return None
+
+
+class RustTemplateModel(TemplateModel):
+    """
+    Parent class for rust template models :)
+    """
+
+    template: ClassVar[str]
+    _environment: ClassVar[Environment] = Environment(
+        loader=PackageLoader("linkml.generators.rustgen", "templates"), trim_blocks=True, lstrip_blocks=True
+    )
+    meta_exclude: ClassVar[list[str]] = None
+
+    pyo3: bool = True
+    """
+    Whether pyO3 annotations should be added to generated items :)
+    """
+    serde: bool = False
+    """
+    Whether serde serialization/deserialization annotations should be added.
+    """
+    attributes: dict[str, str] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class RustTypeViews(BaseModel):
+    """Precomputed trait signature fragments for a slot's range.
+
+    Encapsulates the decisions around by-value vs borrowed returns, container
+    view types, optional wrapping, and whether explicit lifetimes are required
+    in the generated method signature. Templates consume these strings directly
+    to avoid branching on typing details.
+    """
+
+    type_getter: str
+    needs_lifetime: bool
+
+
+def _needs_lifetime(sig: str) -> bool:
+    """Heuristic to detect if a signature string requires an explicit lifetime.
+
+    We consider borrowed types (`&T`), container views (`SeqRef`/`MapRef`), and
+    explicit generics (`<'a>`) as requiring a lifetime parameter on the method.
+    """
+    return ("&" in sig) or ("SeqRef" in sig) or ("MapRef" in sig) or ("<'a>" in sig)
+
+
+def build_trait_views_for_promoted(promoted: "RustRange") -> RustTypeViews:
+    """Return signature strings for a trait using the promoted (max) range.
+
+    - Raw getter: by-value for unions; otherwise borrowed/container view types.
+    - Typed getter: by-value for unions; otherwise borrowed/container view types
+      with `SeqRef`/`MapRef` and optional wrapping.
+    The goal is consistency across a class hierarchy regardless of concrete fields.
+    """
+    # Raw getter: by-value union if union; else borrowed/containers
+    if promoted.child_ranges is not None and len(promoted.child_ranges) > 1:
+        raw = promoted.type_for_trait_value(crateref="crate")
+    else:
+        raw = promoted.type_for_trait(setter=False, crateref="crate")
+
+    return RustTypeViews(
+        type_getter=raw,
+        needs_lifetime=_needs_lifetime(raw),
+    )
+
+
+def build_trait_views_for_range(rng: "RustRange") -> RustTypeViews:
+    """Return signature strings for a concrete (non-promoted) range.
+
+    Mirrors the promoted logic but based on the actual field's range, used in
+    impls so that borrow vs value and container view decisions match the trait.
+    """
+    # Raw getter
+    if rng.child_ranges is not None and len(rng.child_ranges) > 1:
+        raw = rng.type_for_trait_value(crateref="crate")
+    else:
+        raw = rng.type_for_trait(setter=False, crateref="crate")
+
+    return RustTypeViews(
+        type_getter=raw,
+        needs_lifetime=_needs_lifetime(raw),
+    )
+
+
+class PolyContainersFile(RustTemplateModel):
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "poly_containers.rs.jinja"
+
+
+class Import(Import_, RustTemplateModel):
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "import.rs.jinja"
+
+    version: Optional[str] = None
+    """Version specifier to use in Cargo.toml"""
+    features: Optional[list[str]] = None
+    """Features to require in Cargo.toml"""
+    ## whether this import should be behind a feature flag
+    feature_flag: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+class Imports(Imports_, RustTemplateModel):
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "imports.rs.jinja"
+
+
+class RustProperty(RustTemplateModel):
+    """
+    A property within a rust struct
+    """
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "property.rs.jinja"
+    inline_mode: str
+    alias: Optional[str] = None
+    generate_merge: bool = False
+    container_mode: str
+    name: str
+    type_: RustRange  # might be a union type, so list length > 1
+    required: bool
+    multivalued: bool = False
+    is_key_value: bool = False
+
+    @computed_field
+    def optional(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Whether this property is optional
+        """
+        return self.type_.optional
+
+    @computed_field
+    def merge_strategy(self) -> str:
+        if self.type_.optional:
+            return "strategy = overwrite_except_none"
+        elif self.type_.containerType == ContainerType.LIST:
+            return "skip"
+        elif self.type_.containerType == ContainerType.MAPPING:
+            return "strategy = merge::hashmap::overwrite"
+        else:
+            return "skip"
+
+    @computed_field
+    def type_for_field(self) -> str:
+        """
+        The type of this field, as it would be used in a struct definition
+        """
+        return self.type_.type_for_field()
+
+    @computed_field
+    def hasdefault(self) -> bool:
+        return self.multivalued or not self.required
+
+
+class AsKeyValue(RustTemplateModel):
+    """
+    A key-value representation for this struct
+    """
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "as_key_value.rs.jinja"
+    name: str
+    key_property_name: str
+    key_property_type: str
+    value_property_name: str
+    value_property_type: str
+    can_convert_from_primitive: bool = False
+    can_convert_from_empty: bool = False
+
+
+class RustStructOrSubtypeEnum(RustTemplateModel):
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "struct_or_subtype_enum.rs.jinja"
+    enum_name: str
+    struct_names: list[str]
+    as_key_value: bool = False
+    type_designator_field: Optional[str] = None
+    type_designators: dict[str, str]
+
+
+class SlotRangeAsUnion(RustTemplateModel):
+    """
+    A union of ranges!
+    """
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "slot_range_as_union.rs.jinja"
+    slot_name: str
+    ranges: list[str]
+
+
+class RustClassModule(RustTemplateModel):
+    class_name: str
+    class_name_snakecase: str
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "class_module.rs.jinja"
+    slot_ranges: list[SlotRangeAsUnion]
+
+
+class RustStruct(RustTemplateModel):
+    """
+    A struct!
+    """
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "struct.rs.jinja"
+    special_case_enabled: bool = False
+    class_module: Optional[RustClassModule] = None
+
+    name: str
+    bases: Optional[list[str]] = None
+    """
+    Base classes to inherit from - must have entire MRO, just just immediate ancestor
+    """
+    properties: list[RustProperty] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    unsendable: bool = False
+    generate_merge: bool = False
+    as_key_value: Optional[AsKeyValue] = None
+    struct_or_subtype_enum: Optional[RustStructOrSubtypeEnum] = None
+
+    @computed_field()
+    def property_names_and_types(self) -> dict[str, str]:
+        return [(p.name, p.type_.type_for_constructor()) for p in self.constructor_params]
+
+    @computed_field()
+    def property_names(self) -> list[str]:
+        return [p.name for p in self.properties]
+
+    @computed_field()
+    def constructor_params(self) -> list[RustProperty]:
+        required = [p for p in self.properties if not p.type_.optional]
+        optional = [p for p in self.properties if p.type_.optional]
+        return required + optional
+
+    @computed_field()
+    def constructor_signature(self) -> str:
+        parts: list[str] = []
+        for prop in self.constructor_params:
+            if prop.type_.optional:
+                parts.append(f"{prop.name}=None")
+            else:
+                parts.append(prop.name)
+        return ", ".join(parts)
+
+    @computed_field()
+    def constructor_conversions(self) -> list[tuple[str, str]]:
+        return [
+            (p.name, p.type_.convert_constructor_value(p.name))
+            for p in self.constructor_params
+            if p.type_.needs_constructor_conversion()
+        ]
+
+
+class RustEnum(RustTemplateModel):
+    """
+    A rust enum!
+    """
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "enum.rs.jinja"
+
+    name: str
+    items: list["RustEnumItem"]
+
+
+class RustEnumItem(BaseModel):
+    """Single enum variant with its original permissible value text."""
+
+    variant: str
+    text: str
+
+    @computed_field
+    def python_literals(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Return acceptable string literals when converting from Python."""
+
+        literals = [self.text]
+        if self.variant != self.text:
+            literals.append(self.variant)
+        return literals
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _escape(value: str) -> str:
+        return value.replace("\\", "\\\\").replace('"', '\\"')
+
+    @computed_field
+    def text_literal(self) -> str:
+        """Escaped literal suitable for embedding in Rust source."""
+
+        return self._escape(self.text)
+
+    @computed_field
+    def python_match_pattern(self) -> str:
+        """Match arm pattern accepting any permitted Python literal."""
+
+        literals = []
+        for literal in self.python_literals:
+            if literal not in literals:
+                literals.append(literal)
+        escaped = [f'"{self._escape(lit)}"' for lit in literals]
+        return " | ".join(escaped)
+
+
+class RustTypeAlias(RustTemplateModel):
+    """
+    A type alias used to represent slots
+    """
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "typealias.rs.jinja"
+
+    name: str
+    type_: str
+    description: Optional[str] = None
+    multivalued: Optional[bool] = False
+    class_range: bool = False
+    slot_range_as_union: Optional[SlotRangeAsUnion] = None
+
+    @field_validator("attributes", mode="before")
+    @classmethod
+    def attr_values_as_strings(cls, value: dict[str, any]) -> dict[str, str]:
+        return {k: str(v) for k, v in value.items()}
+
+
+class SerdeUtilsFile(RustTemplateModel):
+    """
+    A file containing utility functions for serde serialization/deserialization
+    """
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "serde_utils.rs.jinja"
+
+
+class PolyTraitProperty(RustTemplateModel):
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "poly_trait_property.rs.jinja"
+    name: str
+    range: RustRange
+    promoted_range: RustRange
+    promoted_range: RustRange
+
+    @computed_field
+    def class_range(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Whether this range is a class range
+        """
+        return self.range.is_class_range
+
+    @computed_field
+    def type_getter(self) -> str:
+        # Centralized via RustTypeViews builder
+        views = build_trait_views_for_promoted(self.promoted_range)
+        return views.type_getter
+
+    @computed_field
+    def needs_lifetime(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether the trait getter requires an explicit lifetime."""
+        views = build_trait_views_for_promoted(self.promoted_range)
+        return views.needs_lifetime
+
+    @computed_field
+    def type_setter(self) -> str:
+        return self.range.type_for_trait(setter=True, crateref="crate")
+
+    @computed_field
+    def type_bound(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        The type bound for the setter method
+        """
+        return self.range.type_bound_for_setter(crateref="crate")
+
+
+class PolyTraitPropertyImpl(RustTemplateModel):
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "poly_trait_property_impl.rs.jinja"
+    name: str
+    range: RustRange
+    struct_name: str
+    definition_range: RustRange
+    trait_range: RustRange
+
+    @computed_field
+    def is_copy(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Whether this range is a copy type
+        """
+        return self.range.is_copy()
+
+    @computed_field
+    def need_option_wrap(self) -> bool:
+        return self.definition_range.optional and not self.range.optional
+
+    @computed_field
+    def class_range(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Whether this range is a class range
+        """
+        return self.range.is_class_range
+
+    @computed_field
+    def ct(self) -> str:
+        """
+        The container type for this range, if any
+        """
+        return self.range.containerType.value if self.range.containerType else "None"
+
+    @computed_field
+    def type_getter(self) -> str:
+        # Mirror trait signature: promoted union by value; else concrete borrowed
+        if self.definition_range.child_ranges is not None and len(self.definition_range.child_ranges) > 1:
+            return build_trait_views_for_promoted(self.definition_range).type_getter
+        return build_trait_views_for_range(self.trait_range).type_getter
+
+    @computed_field
+    def needs_lifetime(self) -> bool:
+        sig = self.type_getter
+        return ("&" in sig) or ("SeqRef" in sig) or ("MapRef" in sig)
+
+    # Note: typed getters removed
+
+    @computed_field
+    def union_type(self) -> str:
+        return self.definition_range.type_
+
+    @computed_field
+    def range_variant(self) -> str:
+        # Use centralized type-name logic for a variant identifier
+        return self.range.type_name()
+
+    @computed_field
+    def current_union_types(self) -> dict[str, str]:
+        m: dict[str, str] = {}
+        for c in self.cases:
+            sc = underscore(uncamelcase(c))
+            m[c] = f"{sc}_utl::{self.name}_range"
+        return m
+
+    @computed_field
+    def base_union_variants(self) -> list[str]:
+        vs: list[str] = []
+        if self.definition_range.child_ranges is not None and len(self.definition_range.child_ranges) > 1:
+            for cr in self.definition_range.child_ranges:
+                vs.append(cr.type_name())
+        return vs
+
+    @computed_field
+    def current_union_type(self) -> str:
+        return self.range.type_
+
+    @computed_field
+    def type_setter(self) -> str:
+        return self.definition_range.type_for_trait(setter=True, crateref="crate")
+
+    @computed_field
+    def type_bound(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        The type bound for the setter method
+        """
+        return self.definition_range.type_bound_for_setter(crateref="crate")
+
+    @computed_field
+    def union_conversion_arms(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Pre-rendered match arms to convert current union -> base union.
+
+        Example: Current::A(x) => Base::A(x.clone()),
+        """
+        arms: list[str] = []
+        if self.definition_range.child_ranges is not None and len(self.definition_range.child_ranges) > 1:
+            base = self.union_type
+            cur = self.current_union_type
+            for vn in self.base_union_variants:
+                arms.append(f"{cur}::{vn}(x) => {base}::{vn}(x.clone()),")
+        return arms
+
+
+class PolyTraitImpl(RustTemplateModel):
+    """Implementation of a :class:`PolyTrait` for a particular struct."""
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "poly_trait_impl.rs.jinja"
+    name: str
+    struct_name: str
+    attrs: list[PolyTraitPropertyImpl]
+
+
+class PolyTraitPropertyMatch(RustTemplateModel):
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "poly_trait_property_match.rs.jinja"
+    name: str
+    range: RustRange
+    struct_name: str
+    cases: list[str]
+
+    @computed_field
+    def is_optional(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Whether this property is optional
+        """
+        return self.range.optional
+
+    @computed_field
+    def is_container(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Whether this property is a container type
+        """
+        return self.range.containerType is not None
+
+    @computed_field
+    def type_getter(self) -> str:
+        if self.range.child_ranges is not None and len(self.range.child_ranges) > 1:
+            return self.range.type_for_trait_value(crateref="crate")
+        return self.range.type_for_trait(setter=False, crateref="crate")
+
+    @computed_field
+    def needs_lifetime(self) -> bool:
+        t = self.type_getter
+        return ("&" in t) or ("SeqRef" in t) or ("MapRef" in t)
+
+    @computed_field
+    def base_union_type(self) -> str:
+        return self.range.type_
+
+    @computed_field
+    def range_variant(self) -> str:
+        # Always use centralized type name logic
+        return self.range.type_name()
+
+    @computed_field
+    def current_union_types(self) -> dict[str, str]:
+        m: dict[str, str] = {}
+        for c in self.cases:
+            sc = underscore(uncamelcase(c))
+            m[c] = f"{sc}_utl::{self.name}_range"
+        return m
+
+
+class PolyTraitImplForSubtypeEnum(RustTemplateModel):
+    """Trait implementation that dispatches based on subtype enums."""
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "poly_trait_impl_orsubtype.rs.jinja"
+    enum_name: str
+    name: str
+    attrs: list[PolyTraitPropertyMatch]
+
+
+class PolyTrait(RustTemplateModel):
+    """Definition of a polymorphic trait generated from a class hierarchy."""
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "poly_trait.rs.jinja"
+    name: str
+    attrs: list[PolyTraitProperty]
+    superclass_names: list[str]
+    impls: list[PolyTraitImpl]
+    subtypes: list[PolyTraitImplForSubtypeEnum]
+
+
+class PolyFile(RustTemplateModel):
+    """Rust file aggregating polymorphic traits."""
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "poly.rs.jinja"
+    imports: Imports = Imports()
+    traits: list[PolyTrait]
+
+
+class RustFile(RustTemplateModel):
+    """
+    A whole rust file!
+    """
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "file.rs.jinja"
+
+    name: str
+    imports: Imports = Imports()
+    types: list[RustTypeAlias] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    structs: list[RustStruct] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    enums: list[RustEnum] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    slots: list[RustTypeAlias] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    # Single-file generation knobs
+    inline_serde_utils: bool = False
+    emit_poly: bool = True
+    serde_utils: Optional[SerdeUtilsFile] = None
+
+    @computed_field
+    def struct_names(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Names of all the structs we have!"""
+        return [c.name for c in self.structs]
+
+    @computed_field
+    def pyclass_struct_names(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Names of structs that implement PyClass and should be registered.
+
+        Excludes special cases like `Anything` (and its alias `AnyValue`) which
+        are not exposed as #[pyclass] in the special-case template.
+        """
+        out: list[str] = []
+        for c in self.structs:
+            if c.name in ("Anything", "AnyValue"):
+                continue
+            out.append(c.name)
+        return out
+
+    @computed_field
+    def needs_overwrite_except_none(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether any struct uses the custom merge helper."""
+        return any(s.generate_merge for s in self.structs)
+
+
+class RangeEnum(RustTemplateModel):
+    """
+    A range enum!
+    """
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "range_enum.rs.jinja"
+    name: str
+    type_: list[str]
+
+
+class RustCargo(RustTemplateModel):
+    """
+    A Cargo.toml file
+    """
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "Cargo.toml.jinja"
+
+    name: str
+    version: str = "0.0.0"
+    edition: str = "2021"
+    pyo3_version: str = "0.21.1"
+    imports: Imports = Imports()
+
+    @computed_field
+    def cratefeatures(self) -> dict[str, list[str]]:
+        feature_flags = {}
+        for i in self.imports.imports:
+            assert isinstance(i, Import)
+            if i.feature_flag is not None:
+                if i.feature_flag not in feature_flags:
+                    feature_flags[i.feature_flag] = [i.module]
+                else:
+                    feature_flags[i.feature_flag].append(i.module)
+        return feature_flags
+
+    @field_validator("name", mode="after")
+    @classmethod
+    def snake_case_name(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        return underscore(value)
+
+    def render(self, environment: Optional[Environment] = None, **kwargs) -> str:
+        if environment is None:
+            environment = RustTemplateModel.environment()
+
+        fields = {**self.model_fields, **self.model_computed_fields}
+        data = {k: getattr(self, k, None) for k in fields}
+        # don't render the template
+        imports = []
+        for i in data.get("imports", []):
+            imp = i.model_dump()
+            imp["module"] = imp["module"].split("::")[0]
+            imports.append(imp)
+        data["imports"] = imports
+
+        data = {k: _render(v, environment) for k, v in data.items()}
+        template = environment.get_template(self.template)
+        rendered = template.render(**data)
+        return rendered
+
+
+class RustPyProject(RustTemplateModel):
+    """
+    A pyproject.toml file to go with a maturin/pyo3 package
+    """
+
+    template: ClassVar[str] = "pyproject.toml.jinja"
+
+    name: str
+    version: str = "0.0.0"
+
+    @field_validator("name", mode="after")
+    @classmethod
+    def snake_case_name(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        return underscore(value)