langchain 0.3.25__py3-none-any.whl → 0.3.27__py3-none-any.whl

langchain/chains/loading.py

@@ -40,18 +40,20 @@ try:
 except ImportError:
 
     def load_llm(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
-        raise ImportError(
+        msg = (
             "To use this load_llm functionality you must install the "
             "langchain_community package. "
             "You can install it with `pip install langchain_community`"
         )
+        raise ImportError(msg)
 
     def load_llm_from_config(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
-        raise ImportError(
+        msg = (
             "To use this load_llm_from_config functionality you must install the "
             "langchain_community package. "
             "You can install it with `pip install langchain_community`"
         )
+        raise ImportError(msg)
 
 
 URL_BASE = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hwchase17/langchain-hub/master/chains/"
@@ -65,7 +67,8 @@ def _load_llm_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> LLMChain:
     elif "llm_path" in config:
         llm = load_llm(config.pop("llm_path"), **kwargs)
     else:
-        raise ValueError("One of `llm` or `llm_path` must be present.")
+        msg = "One of `llm` or `llm_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
 
     if "prompt" in config:
         prompt_config = config.pop("prompt")
@@ -73,7 +76,8 @@ def _load_llm_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> LLMChain:
     elif "prompt_path" in config:
         prompt = load_prompt(config.pop("prompt_path"))
     else:
-        raise ValueError("One of `prompt` or `prompt_path` must be present.")
+        msg = "One of `prompt` or `prompt_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     _load_output_parser(config)
 
     return LLMChain(llm=llm, prompt=prompt, **config)
@@ -87,11 +91,13 @@ def _load_hyde_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> HypotheticalDocumentEmbedde
     elif "llm_chain_path" in config:
         llm_chain = load_chain(config.pop("llm_chain_path"), **kwargs)
     else:
-        raise ValueError("One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present.")
+        msg = "One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "embeddings" in kwargs:
         embeddings = kwargs.pop("embeddings")
     else:
-        raise ValueError("`embeddings` must be present.")
+        msg = "`embeddings` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     return HypotheticalDocumentEmbedder(
         llm_chain=llm_chain,
         base_embeddings=embeddings,
@@ -106,10 +112,12 @@ def _load_stuff_documents_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> StuffDocumentsCh
     elif "llm_chain_path" in config:
         llm_chain = load_chain(config.pop("llm_chain_path"), **kwargs)
     else:
-        raise ValueError("One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present.")
+        msg = "One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
 
     if not isinstance(llm_chain, LLMChain):
-        raise ValueError(f"Expected LLMChain, got {llm_chain}")
+        msg = f"Expected LLMChain, got {llm_chain}"
+        raise ValueError(msg)  # noqa: TRY004
 
     if "document_prompt" in config:
         prompt_config = config.pop("document_prompt")
@@ -117,17 +125,19 @@ def _load_stuff_documents_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> StuffDocumentsCh
     elif "document_prompt_path" in config:
         document_prompt = load_prompt(config.pop("document_prompt_path"))
     else:
-        raise ValueError(
-            "One of `document_prompt` or `document_prompt_path` must be present."
-        )
+        msg = "One of `document_prompt` or `document_prompt_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
 
     return StuffDocumentsChain(
-        llm_chain=llm_chain, document_prompt=document_prompt, **config
+        llm_chain=llm_chain,
+        document_prompt=document_prompt,
+        **config,
     )
 
 
 def _load_map_reduce_documents_chain(
-    config: dict, **kwargs: Any
+    config: dict,
+    **kwargs: Any,
 ) -> MapReduceDocumentsChain:
     if "llm_chain" in config:
         llm_chain_config = config.pop("llm_chain")
@@ -135,18 +145,22 @@ def _load_map_reduce_documents_chain(
     elif "llm_chain_path" in config:
         llm_chain = load_chain(config.pop("llm_chain_path"), **kwargs)
     else:
-        raise ValueError("One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present.")
+        msg = "One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
 
     if not isinstance(llm_chain, LLMChain):
-        raise ValueError(f"Expected LLMChain, got {llm_chain}")
+        msg = f"Expected LLMChain, got {llm_chain}"
+        raise ValueError(msg)  # noqa: TRY004
 
     if "reduce_documents_chain" in config:
         reduce_documents_chain = load_chain_from_config(
-            config.pop("reduce_documents_chain"), **kwargs
+            config.pop("reduce_documents_chain"),
+            **kwargs,
         )
     elif "reduce_documents_chain_path" in config:
         reduce_documents_chain = load_chain(
-            config.pop("reduce_documents_chain_path"), **kwargs
+            config.pop("reduce_documents_chain_path"),
+            **kwargs,
         )
     else:
         reduce_documents_chain = _load_reduce_documents_chain(config, **kwargs)
@@ -165,26 +179,31 @@ def _load_reduce_documents_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> ReduceDocuments
     if "combine_documents_chain" in config:
         combine_document_chain_config = config.pop("combine_documents_chain")
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain_from_config(
-            combine_document_chain_config, **kwargs
+            combine_document_chain_config,
+            **kwargs,
         )
     elif "combine_document_chain" in config:
         combine_document_chain_config = config.pop("combine_document_chain")
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain_from_config(
-            combine_document_chain_config, **kwargs
+            combine_document_chain_config,
+            **kwargs,
         )
     elif "combine_documents_chain_path" in config:
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain(
-            config.pop("combine_documents_chain_path"), **kwargs
+            config.pop("combine_documents_chain_path"),
+            **kwargs,
         )
     elif "combine_document_chain_path" in config:
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain(
-            config.pop("combine_document_chain_path"), **kwargs
+            config.pop("combine_document_chain_path"),
+            **kwargs,
         )
     else:
-        raise ValueError(
+        msg = (
             "One of `combine_documents_chain` or "
             "`combine_documents_chain_path` must be present."
         )
+        raise ValueError(msg)
 
     if "collapse_documents_chain" in config:
         collapse_document_chain_config = config.pop("collapse_documents_chain")
@@ -192,11 +211,13 @@ def _load_reduce_documents_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> ReduceDocuments
             collapse_documents_chain = None
         else:
             collapse_documents_chain = load_chain_from_config(
-                collapse_document_chain_config, **kwargs
+                collapse_document_chain_config,
+                **kwargs,
             )
     elif "collapse_documents_chain_path" in config:
         collapse_documents_chain = load_chain(
-            config.pop("collapse_documents_chain_path"), **kwargs
+            config.pop("collapse_documents_chain_path"),
+            **kwargs,
         )
     elif "collapse_document_chain" in config:
         collapse_document_chain_config = config.pop("collapse_document_chain")
@@ -204,11 +225,13 @@ def _load_reduce_documents_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> ReduceDocuments
             collapse_documents_chain = None
         else:
             collapse_documents_chain = load_chain_from_config(
-                collapse_document_chain_config, **kwargs
+                collapse_document_chain_config,
+                **kwargs,
             )
     elif "collapse_document_chain_path" in config:
         collapse_documents_chain = load_chain(
-            config.pop("collapse_document_chain_path"), **kwargs
+            config.pop("collapse_document_chain_path"),
+            **kwargs,
         )
 
     return ReduceDocumentsChain(
@@ -219,33 +242,14 @@ def _load_reduce_documents_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> ReduceDocuments
 
 
 def _load_llm_bash_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
-    from langchain_experimental.llm_bash.base import LLMBashChain
-
-    llm_chain = None
-    if "llm_chain" in config:
-        llm_chain_config = config.pop("llm_chain")
-        llm_chain = load_chain_from_config(llm_chain_config, **kwargs)
-    elif "llm_chain_path" in config:
-        llm_chain = load_chain(config.pop("llm_chain_path"), **kwargs)
-    # llm attribute is deprecated in favor of llm_chain, here to support old configs
-    elif "llm" in config:
-        llm_config = config.pop("llm")
-        llm = load_llm_from_config(llm_config, **kwargs)
-    # llm_path attribute is deprecated in favor of llm_chain_path,
-    # its to support old configs
-    elif "llm_path" in config:
-        llm = load_llm(config.pop("llm_path"), **kwargs)
-    else:
-        raise ValueError("One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present.")
-    if "prompt" in config:
-        prompt_config = config.pop("prompt")
-        prompt = load_prompt_from_config(prompt_config)
-    elif "prompt_path" in config:
-        prompt = load_prompt(config.pop("prompt_path"))
-    if llm_chain:
-        return LLMBashChain(llm_chain=llm_chain, prompt=prompt, **config)
-    else:
-        return LLMBashChain(llm=llm, prompt=prompt, **config)
+    """Load LLM Bash chain from config dict"""
+    msg = (
+        "LLMBash Chain is not available through LangChain anymore. "
+        "The relevant code can be found in langchain_experimental, "
+        "but it is not appropriate for production usage due to security "
+        "concerns. Please refer to langchain-experimental repository for more details."
+    )
+    raise NotImplementedError(msg)
 
 
 def _load_llm_checker_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> LLMCheckerChain:
@@ -255,15 +259,16 @@ def _load_llm_checker_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> LLMCheckerChain:
     elif "llm_path" in config:
         llm = load_llm(config.pop("llm_path"), **kwargs)
     else:
-        raise ValueError("One of `llm` or `llm_path` must be present.")
+        msg = "One of `llm` or `llm_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "create_draft_answer_prompt" in config:
         create_draft_answer_prompt_config = config.pop("create_draft_answer_prompt")
         create_draft_answer_prompt = load_prompt_from_config(
-            create_draft_answer_prompt_config
+            create_draft_answer_prompt_config,
         )
     elif "create_draft_answer_prompt_path" in config:
         create_draft_answer_prompt = load_prompt(
-            config.pop("create_draft_answer_prompt_path")
+            config.pop("create_draft_answer_prompt_path"),
         )
     if "list_assertions_prompt" in config:
         list_assertions_prompt_config = config.pop("list_assertions_prompt")
@@ -273,11 +278,11 @@ def _load_llm_checker_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> LLMCheckerChain:
     if "check_assertions_prompt" in config:
         check_assertions_prompt_config = config.pop("check_assertions_prompt")
         check_assertions_prompt = load_prompt_from_config(
-            check_assertions_prompt_config
+            check_assertions_prompt_config,
         )
     elif "check_assertions_prompt_path" in config:
         check_assertions_prompt = load_prompt(
-            config.pop("check_assertions_prompt_path")
+            config.pop("check_assertions_prompt_path"),
         )
     if "revised_answer_prompt" in config:
         revised_answer_prompt_config = config.pop("revised_answer_prompt")
@@ -310,7 +315,8 @@ def _load_llm_math_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> LLMMathChain:
     elif "llm_path" in config:
         llm = load_llm(config.pop("llm_path"), **kwargs)
     else:
-        raise ValueError("One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present.")
+        msg = "One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "prompt" in config:
         prompt_config = config.pop("prompt")
         prompt = load_prompt_from_config(prompt_config)
@@ -318,12 +324,12 @@ def _load_llm_math_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> LLMMathChain:
         prompt = load_prompt(config.pop("prompt_path"))
     if llm_chain:
         return LLMMathChain(llm_chain=llm_chain, prompt=prompt, **config)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
-    else:
-        return LLMMathChain(llm=llm, prompt=prompt, **config)
+    return LLMMathChain(llm=llm, prompt=prompt, **config)
 
 
 def _load_map_rerank_documents_chain(
-    config: dict, **kwargs: Any
+    config: dict,
+    **kwargs: Any,
 ) -> MapRerankDocumentsChain:
     if "llm_chain" in config:
         llm_chain_config = config.pop("llm_chain")
@@ -331,21 +337,19 @@ def _load_map_rerank_documents_chain(
     elif "llm_chain_path" in config:
         llm_chain = load_chain(config.pop("llm_chain_path"), **kwargs)
     else:
-        raise ValueError("One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present.")
+        msg = "One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     return MapRerankDocumentsChain(llm_chain=llm_chain, **config)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
 
 
 def _load_pal_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
-    from langchain_experimental.pal_chain import PALChain
-
-    if "llm_chain" in config:
-        llm_chain_config = config.pop("llm_chain")
-        llm_chain = load_chain_from_config(llm_chain_config, **kwargs)
-    elif "llm_chain_path" in config:
-        llm_chain = load_chain(config.pop("llm_chain_path"), **kwargs)
-    else:
-        raise ValueError("One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present.")
-    return PALChain(llm_chain=llm_chain, **config)
+    msg = (
+        "PALChain is not available through LangChain anymore. "
+        "The relevant code can be found in langchain_experimental, "
+        "but it is not appropriate for production usage due to security "
+        "concerns. Please refer to langchain-experimental repository for more details."
+    )
+    raise NotImplementedError(msg)
 
 
 def _load_refine_documents_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> RefineDocumentsChain:
@@ -355,18 +359,16 @@ def _load_refine_documents_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> RefineDocuments
     elif "initial_llm_chain_path" in config:
         initial_llm_chain = load_chain(config.pop("initial_llm_chain_path"), **kwargs)
     else:
-        raise ValueError(
-            "One of `initial_llm_chain` or `initial_llm_chain_path` must be present."
-        )
+        msg = "One of `initial_llm_chain` or `initial_llm_chain_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "refine_llm_chain" in config:
         refine_llm_chain_config = config.pop("refine_llm_chain")
         refine_llm_chain = load_chain_from_config(refine_llm_chain_config, **kwargs)
     elif "refine_llm_chain_path" in config:
         refine_llm_chain = load_chain(config.pop("refine_llm_chain_path"), **kwargs)
     else:
-        raise ValueError(
-            "One of `refine_llm_chain` or `refine_llm_chain_path` must be present."
-        )
+        msg = "One of `refine_llm_chain` or `refine_llm_chain_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "document_prompt" in config:
         prompt_config = config.pop("document_prompt")
         document_prompt = load_prompt_from_config(prompt_config)
@@ -384,68 +386,62 @@ def _load_qa_with_sources_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> QAWithSourcesCha
     if "combine_documents_chain" in config:
         combine_documents_chain_config = config.pop("combine_documents_chain")
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain_from_config(
-            combine_documents_chain_config, **kwargs
+            combine_documents_chain_config,
+            **kwargs,
         )
     elif "combine_documents_chain_path" in config:
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain(
-            config.pop("combine_documents_chain_path"), **kwargs
+            config.pop("combine_documents_chain_path"),
+            **kwargs,
         )
     else:
-        raise ValueError(
+        msg = (
             "One of `combine_documents_chain` or "
             "`combine_documents_chain_path` must be present."
         )
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     return QAWithSourcesChain(combine_documents_chain=combine_documents_chain, **config)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
 
 
 def _load_sql_database_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
-    from langchain_experimental.sql import SQLDatabaseChain
-
-    if "database" in kwargs:
-        database = kwargs.pop("database")
-    else:
-        raise ValueError("`database` must be present.")
-    if "llm_chain" in config:
-        llm_chain_config = config.pop("llm_chain")
-        chain = load_chain_from_config(llm_chain_config, **kwargs)
-        return SQLDatabaseChain(llm_chain=chain, database=database, **config)
-    if "llm" in config:
-        llm_config = config.pop("llm")
-        llm = load_llm_from_config(llm_config, **kwargs)
-    elif "llm_path" in config:
-        llm = load_llm(config.pop("llm_path"), **kwargs)
-    else:
-        raise ValueError("One of `llm` or `llm_path` must be present.")
-    if "prompt" in config:
-        prompt_config = config.pop("prompt")
-        prompt = load_prompt_from_config(prompt_config)
-    else:
-        prompt = None
-
-    return SQLDatabaseChain.from_llm(llm, database, prompt=prompt, **config)
+    """Load SQL Database chain from config dict."""
+    msg = (
+        "SQLDatabaseChain is not available through LangChain anymore. "
+        "The relevant code can be found in langchain_experimental, "
+        "but it is not appropriate for production usage due to security "
+        "concerns. Please refer to langchain-experimental repository for more details, "
+        "or refer to this tutorial for best practices: "
+        "https://python.langchain.com/docs/tutorials/sql_qa/"
+    )
+    raise NotImplementedError(msg)
 
 
 def _load_vector_db_qa_with_sources_chain(
-    config: dict, **kwargs: Any
+    config: dict,
+    **kwargs: Any,
 ) -> VectorDBQAWithSourcesChain:
     if "vectorstore" in kwargs:
         vectorstore = kwargs.pop("vectorstore")
     else:
-        raise ValueError("`vectorstore` must be present.")
+        msg = "`vectorstore` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "combine_documents_chain" in config:
         combine_documents_chain_config = config.pop("combine_documents_chain")
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain_from_config(
-            combine_documents_chain_config, **kwargs
+            combine_documents_chain_config,
+            **kwargs,
         )
     elif "combine_documents_chain_path" in config:
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain(
-            config.pop("combine_documents_chain_path"), **kwargs
+            config.pop("combine_documents_chain_path"),
+            **kwargs,
         )
     else:
-        raise ValueError(
+        msg = (
             "One of `combine_documents_chain` or "
             "`combine_documents_chain_path` must be present."
         )
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     return VectorDBQAWithSourcesChain(
         combine_documents_chain=combine_documents_chain,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
         vectorstore=vectorstore,
@@ -457,21 +453,25 @@ def _load_retrieval_qa(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> RetrievalQA:
     if "retriever" in kwargs:
         retriever = kwargs.pop("retriever")
     else:
-        raise ValueError("`retriever` must be present.")
+        msg = "`retriever` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "combine_documents_chain" in config:
         combine_documents_chain_config = config.pop("combine_documents_chain")
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain_from_config(
-            combine_documents_chain_config, **kwargs
+            combine_documents_chain_config,
+            **kwargs,
         )
     elif "combine_documents_chain_path" in config:
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain(
-            config.pop("combine_documents_chain_path"), **kwargs
+            config.pop("combine_documents_chain_path"),
+            **kwargs,
         )
     else:
-        raise ValueError(
+        msg = (
             "One of `combine_documents_chain` or "
             "`combine_documents_chain_path` must be present."
         )
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     return RetrievalQA(
         combine_documents_chain=combine_documents_chain,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
         retriever=retriever,
@@ -480,26 +480,31 @@ def _load_retrieval_qa(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> RetrievalQA:
 
 
 def _load_retrieval_qa_with_sources_chain(
-    config: dict, **kwargs: Any
+    config: dict,
+    **kwargs: Any,
 ) -> RetrievalQAWithSourcesChain:
     if "retriever" in kwargs:
         retriever = kwargs.pop("retriever")
     else:
-        raise ValueError("`retriever` must be present.")
+        msg = "`retriever` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "combine_documents_chain" in config:
         combine_documents_chain_config = config.pop("combine_documents_chain")
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain_from_config(
-            combine_documents_chain_config, **kwargs
+            combine_documents_chain_config,
+            **kwargs,
         )
     elif "combine_documents_chain_path" in config:
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain(
-            config.pop("combine_documents_chain_path"), **kwargs
+            config.pop("combine_documents_chain_path"),
+            **kwargs,
         )
     else:
-        raise ValueError(
+        msg = (
             "One of `combine_documents_chain` or "
             "`combine_documents_chain_path` must be present."
         )
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     return RetrievalQAWithSourcesChain(
         combine_documents_chain=combine_documents_chain,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
         retriever=retriever,
@@ -511,21 +516,25 @@ def _load_vector_db_qa(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> VectorDBQA:
     if "vectorstore" in kwargs:
         vectorstore = kwargs.pop("vectorstore")
     else:
-        raise ValueError("`vectorstore` must be present.")
+        msg = "`vectorstore` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "combine_documents_chain" in config:
         combine_documents_chain_config = config.pop("combine_documents_chain")
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain_from_config(
-            combine_documents_chain_config, **kwargs
+            combine_documents_chain_config,
+            **kwargs,
         )
     elif "combine_documents_chain_path" in config:
         combine_documents_chain = load_chain(
-            config.pop("combine_documents_chain_path"), **kwargs
+            config.pop("combine_documents_chain_path"),
+            **kwargs,
         )
     else:
-        raise ValueError(
+        msg = (
             "One of `combine_documents_chain` or "
             "`combine_documents_chain_path` must be present."
         )
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     return VectorDBQA(
         combine_documents_chain=combine_documents_chain,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
         vectorstore=vectorstore,
@@ -537,28 +546,33 @@ def _load_graph_cypher_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> GraphCypherQAChain:
     if "graph" in kwargs:
         graph = kwargs.pop("graph")
     else:
-        raise ValueError("`graph` must be present.")
+        msg = "`graph` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "cypher_generation_chain" in config:
         cypher_generation_chain_config = config.pop("cypher_generation_chain")
         cypher_generation_chain = load_chain_from_config(
-            cypher_generation_chain_config, **kwargs
+            cypher_generation_chain_config,
+            **kwargs,
         )
     else:
-        raise ValueError("`cypher_generation_chain` must be present.")
+        msg = "`cypher_generation_chain` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "qa_chain" in config:
         qa_chain_config = config.pop("qa_chain")
         qa_chain = load_chain_from_config(qa_chain_config, **kwargs)
     else:
-        raise ValueError("`qa_chain` must be present.")
+        msg = "`qa_chain` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
 
     try:
         from langchain_community.chains.graph_qa.cypher import GraphCypherQAChain
-    except ImportError:
-        raise ImportError(
+    except ImportError as e:
+        msg = (
             "To use this GraphCypherQAChain functionality you must install the "
             "langchain_community package. "
             "You can install it with `pip install langchain_community`"
         )
+        raise ImportError(msg) from e
     return GraphCypherQAChain(
         graph=graph,
         cypher_generation_chain=cypher_generation_chain,
@@ -574,22 +588,21 @@ def _load_api_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> APIChain:
     elif "api_request_chain_path" in config:
         api_request_chain = load_chain(config.pop("api_request_chain_path"))
     else:
-        raise ValueError(
-            "One of `api_request_chain` or `api_request_chain_path` must be present."
-        )
+        msg = "One of `api_request_chain` or `api_request_chain_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "api_answer_chain" in config:
         api_answer_chain_config = config.pop("api_answer_chain")
         api_answer_chain = load_chain_from_config(api_answer_chain_config, **kwargs)
     elif "api_answer_chain_path" in config:
         api_answer_chain = load_chain(config.pop("api_answer_chain_path"), **kwargs)
     else:
-        raise ValueError(
-            "One of `api_answer_chain` or `api_answer_chain_path` must be present."
-        )
+        msg = "One of `api_answer_chain` or `api_answer_chain_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "requests_wrapper" in kwargs:
         requests_wrapper = kwargs.pop("requests_wrapper")
     else:
-        raise ValueError("`requests_wrapper` must be present.")
+        msg = "`requests_wrapper` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     return APIChain(
         api_request_chain=api_request_chain,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
         api_answer_chain=api_answer_chain,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
@@ -601,12 +614,13 @@ def _load_api_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> APIChain:
 def _load_llm_requests_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> LLMRequestsChain:
     try:
         from langchain.chains.llm_requests import LLMRequestsChain
-    except ImportError:
-        raise ImportError(
+    except ImportError as e:
+        msg = (
             "To use this LLMRequestsChain functionality you must install the "
             "langchain package. "
             "You can install it with `pip install langchain`"
         )
+        raise ImportError(msg) from e
 
     if "llm_chain" in config:
         llm_chain_config = config.pop("llm_chain")
@@ -614,14 +628,16 @@ def _load_llm_requests_chain(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> LLMRequestsChain:
     elif "llm_chain_path" in config:
         llm_chain = load_chain(config.pop("llm_chain_path"), **kwargs)
     else:
-        raise ValueError("One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present.")
+        msg = "One of `llm_chain` or `llm_chain_path` must be present."
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     if "requests_wrapper" in kwargs:
         requests_wrapper = kwargs.pop("requests_wrapper")
         return LLMRequestsChain(
-            llm_chain=llm_chain, requests_wrapper=requests_wrapper, **config
+            llm_chain=llm_chain,
+            requests_wrapper=requests_wrapper,
+            **config,
         )
-    else:
-        return LLMRequestsChain(llm_chain=llm_chain, **config)
+    return LLMRequestsChain(llm_chain=llm_chain, **config)
 
 
 type_to_loader_dict = {
@@ -659,11 +675,13 @@ type_to_loader_dict = {
 def load_chain_from_config(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> Chain:
     """Load chain from Config Dict."""
     if "_type" not in config:
-        raise ValueError("Must specify a chain Type in config")
+        msg = "Must specify a chain Type in config"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
     config_type = config.pop("_type")
 
     if config_type not in type_to_loader_dict:
-        raise ValueError(f"Loading {config_type} chain not supported")
+        msg = f"Loading {config_type} chain not supported"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
 
     chain_loader = type_to_loader_dict[config_type]
     return chain_loader(config, **kwargs)
@@ -680,30 +698,29 @@ def load_chain_from_config(config: dict, **kwargs: Any) -> Chain:
 def load_chain(path: Union[str, Path], **kwargs: Any) -> Chain:
     """Unified method for loading a chain from LangChainHub or local fs."""
     if isinstance(path, str) and path.startswith("lc://"):
-        raise RuntimeError(
+        msg = (
             "Loading from the deprecated github-based Hub is no longer supported. "
             "Please use the new LangChain Hub at https://smith.langchain.com/hub "
             "instead."
         )
+        raise RuntimeError(msg)
     return _load_chain_from_file(path, **kwargs)
 
 
 def _load_chain_from_file(file: Union[str, Path], **kwargs: Any) -> Chain:
     """Load chain from file."""
     # Convert file to Path object.
-    if isinstance(file, str):
-        file_path = Path(file)
-    else:
-        file_path = file
+    file_path = Path(file) if isinstance(file, str) else file
     # Load from either json or yaml.
     if file_path.suffix == ".json":
-        with open(file_path) as f:
+        with file_path.open() as f:
             config = json.load(f)
     elif file_path.suffix.endswith((".yaml", ".yml")):
-        with open(file_path) as f:
+        with file_path.open() as f:
             config = yaml.safe_load(f)
     else:
-        raise ValueError("File type must be json or yaml")
+        msg = "File type must be json or yaml"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
 
     # Override default 'verbose' and 'memory' for the chain
     if "verbose" in kwargs: