lamindb_setup 1.9.0__py3-none-any.whl → 1.9.1__py3-none-any.whl

lamindb_setup/core/_settings_storage.py

@@ -1,429 +1,429 @@
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-import secrets
-import string
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal
-from uuid import UUID
-
-import fsspec
-from lamin_utils import logger
-
-from lamindb_setup.errors import StorageAlreadyManaged
-
-from ._aws_options import (
-    HOSTED_REGIONS,
-    LAMIN_ENDPOINTS,
-    get_aws_options_manager,
-)
-from ._aws_storage import find_closest_aws_region
-from ._deprecated import deprecated
-from .hashing import hash_and_encode_as_b62
-from .upath import (
-    LocalPathClasses,
-    UPath,
-    _split_path_query,
-    create_path,
-    get_storage_region,
-)
-
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from lamindb_setup.types import StorageType, UPathStr
-
-STORAGE_UID_FILE_KEY = ".lamindb/storage_uid.txt"
-LEGACY_STORAGE_UID_FILE_KEY = ".lamindb/_is_initialized"
-
-# a list of supported fsspec protocols
-# rename file to local before showing to a user
-VALID_PROTOCOLS = ("file", "gs", "s3", "hf", "http", "https")
-
-
-def base62(n_char: int) -> str:
-    """Like nanoid without hyphen and underscore."""
-    alphabet = string.digits + string.ascii_letters.swapcase()
-    id = "".join(secrets.choice(alphabet) for i in range(n_char))
-    return id
-
-
-def instance_uid_from_uuid(instance_id: UUID) -> str:
-    return hash_and_encode_as_b62(instance_id.hex)[:12]
-
-
-def get_storage_type(root_as_str: str) -> StorageType:
-    import fsspec
-
-    convert = {"file": "local"}
-    # init_storage checks that the root protocol belongs to VALID_PROTOCOLS
-    protocol = fsspec.utils.get_protocol(root_as_str)
-    return convert.get(protocol, protocol)  # type: ignore
-
-
-def mark_storage_root(
-    root: UPathStr, uid: str, instance_id: UUID, instance_slug: str
-) -> Literal["__marked__"] | str:
-    # we need a file in folder-like storage locations on S3 to avoid
-    # permission errors from leveraging s3fs on an empty hosted storage location
-    # (path.fs.find raises a PermissionError)
-    # we also need it in case a storage location is ambiguous because a server / local environment
-    # doesn't have a globally unique identifier, then we screen for this file to map the
-    # path on a storage location in the registry
-
-    root_upath = UPath(root)
-    existing_uid = ""
-    legacy_mark_upath = root_upath / LEGACY_STORAGE_UID_FILE_KEY
-    mark_upath = root_upath / STORAGE_UID_FILE_KEY
-    if legacy_mark_upath.exists():
-        legacy_mark_upath.rename(mark_upath)
-    if mark_upath.exists():
-        existing_uid = mark_upath.read_text().splitlines()[0]
-    if existing_uid == "":
-        instance_uid = instance_uid_from_uuid(instance_id)
-        text = f"{uid}\ncreation info:\ninstance_slug={instance_slug}\ninstance_id={instance_id.hex}\ninstance_uid={instance_uid}"
-        mark_upath.write_text(text)
-    elif existing_uid != uid:
-        return uid
-    # covers the case in which existing uid is the same as uid
-    # and the case in which there was no existing uid
-    return "__is_marked__"
-
-
-def init_storage(
-    root: UPathStr,
-    instance_id: UUID,
-    instance_slug: str,
-    register_hub: bool | None = None,
-    prevent_register_hub: bool = False,
-    init_instance: bool = False,
-    created_by: UUID | None = None,
-    access_token: str | None = None,
-    region: str | None = None,
-) -> tuple[
-    StorageSettings,
-    Literal["hub-record-not-created", "hub-record-retrieved", "hub-record-created"],
-]:
-    from ._hub_core import delete_storage_record, init_storage_hub
-
-    assert root is not None, "`root` argument can't be `None`"
-
-    root_str = str(root)  # ensure we have a string
-    if ".lamindb" in root_str:
-        raise ValueError(
-            'Please pass a folder name that does not end or contain ".lamindb"'
-        )
-    uid = os.getenv("LAMINDB_STORAGE_LNID_INIT")
-    if uid is None:
-        uid = base62(12)
-    else:
-        # this means we constructed a hosted location of shape s3://bucket-name/uid
-        # within LaminHub
-        assert root_str.endswith(uid)
-    lamin_env = os.getenv("LAMIN_ENV")
-    if root_str.startswith("create-s3"):
-        if root_str != "create-s3":
-            assert "--" in root_str, "example: `create-s3--eu-central-1`"
-            region = root_str.replace("create-s3--", "")
-        if region is None:
-            region = find_closest_aws_region()
-        else:
-            if region not in HOSTED_REGIONS:
-                raise ValueError(f"region has to be one of {HOSTED_REGIONS}")
-        if lamin_env is None or lamin_env == "prod":
-            root = f"s3://lamin-{region}/{uid}"
-        else:
-            root = f"s3://lamin-hosted-test/{uid}"
-    elif (input_protocol := fsspec.utils.get_protocol(root_str)) not in VALID_PROTOCOLS:
-        valid_protocols = ("local",) + VALID_PROTOCOLS[1:]  # show local instead of file
-        raise ValueError(
-            f"Protocol {input_protocol} is not supported, valid protocols are {', '.join(valid_protocols)}"
-        )
-    ssettings = StorageSettings(
-        uid=uid,
-        root=root,
-        region=region,
-        instance_id=instance_id,
-        access_token=access_token,
-    )
-    # this retrieves the storage record if it exists already in the hub
-    # and updates uid and instance_id in ssettings
-    register_hub = (
-        register_hub or ssettings.type_is_cloud
-    )  # default to registering cloud storage
-    if register_hub and not ssettings.type_is_cloud and ssettings.host is None:
-        raise ValueError(
-            "`host` must be set for local storage locations that are registered on the hub"
-        )
-    hub_record_status = init_storage_hub(
-        ssettings,
-        auto_populate_instance=not init_instance,
-        created_by=created_by,
-        access_token=access_token,
-        prevent_creation=prevent_register_hub or not register_hub,
-    )
-    # we check the write access here if the storage record has not been retrieved from the hub
-    if hub_record_status != "hub-record-retrieved":
-        try:
-            # (federated) credentials for AWS access are provisioned under-the-hood
-            # discussion: https://laminlabs.slack.com/archives/C04FPE8V01W/p1719260587167489
-            # if access_token was passed in ssettings, it is used here
-            marking_result = mark_storage_root(
-                root=ssettings.root,
-                uid=ssettings.uid,
-                instance_id=instance_id,
-                instance_slug=instance_slug,
-            )
-        except Exception:
-            marking_result = "no-write-access"
-        if marking_result != "__is_marked__":
-            if marking_result == "no-write-access":
-                logger.important(
-                    f"due to lack of write access, LaminDB won't manage this storage location: {ssettings.root_as_str}"
-                )
-                ssettings._instance_id = None  # indicate that this storage location is not managed by the instance
-            else:
-                s = "S" if init_instance else "s"  # upper case for error message
-                message = (
-                    f"{s}torage location {ssettings.root_as_str} is already marked with uid {marking_result}, meaning that it is managed by another LaminDB instance -- "
-                    "if you manage your instance with LaminHub you get an overview of all your storage locations"
-                )
-                if init_instance:
-                    raise StorageAlreadyManaged(message)
-                logger.warning(message)
-                ssettings._instance_id = UUID(
-                    "00000000000000000000000000000000"
-                )  # indicate not known
-                ssettings._uid = marking_result
-            # this condition means that the hub record was created
-            if ssettings._uuid is not None:
-                delete_storage_record(ssettings, access_token=access_token)  # type: ignore
-                ssettings._uuid_ = None
-                hub_record_status = "hub-record-not-created"
-    return ssettings, hub_record_status
-
-
-class StorageSettings:
-    """Settings for a storage location (local or cloud).
-
-    Do not instantiate this class yourself, use `ln.Storage` instead.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        root: UPathStr,
-        region: str | None = None,
-        uid: str | None = None,
-        uuid: UUID | None = None,
-        instance_id: UUID | None = None,
-        # note that passing access_token prevents credentials caching
-        access_token: str | None = None,
-    ):
-        self._uid = uid
-        self._uuid_ = uuid
-        self._root_init = UPath(root).expanduser()
-        if isinstance(self._root_init, LocalPathClasses):  # local paths
-            try:
-                (self._root_init / ".lamindb").mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-                self._root_init = self._root_init.resolve()
-            except Exception:
-                logger.warning(
-                    f"unable to create .lamindb/ folder in {self._root_init}"
-                )
-        self._root = None
-        self._instance_id = instance_id
-        # we don't yet infer region here to make init fast
-        self._region = region
-        # would prefer to type below as Registry, but need to think through import order
-        self._record: Any | None = None
-        # save access_token here for use in self.root
-        self.access_token = access_token
-
-        # local storage
-        self._has_local = False
-        self._local = None
-
-    @property
-    @deprecated("_id")
-    def id(self) -> int:
-        return self._id
-
-    @property
-    def _id(self) -> int:
-        """Storage id.
-
-        This id is only valid in the current instance and not globally unique. Only for internal use.
-        """
-        return self.record.id
-
-    @property
-    def _uuid(self) -> UUID | None:
-        """Lamin's internal storage uuid."""
-        return self._uuid_
-
-    @property
-    def uid(self) -> str:
-        """Storage uid."""
-        if self._uid is None:
-            self._uid = self.record.uid
-        return self._uid
-
-    @property
-    def instance_uid(self) -> str | None:
-        """The `uid` of the managing LaminDB instance.
-
-        If `None`, the storage location is not managed by any LaminDB instance.
-        """
-        if self._instance_id is not None:
-            if self._instance_id.hex == "00000000000000000000000000000000":
-                instance_uid = "__unknown__"
-            else:
-                instance_uid = instance_uid_from_uuid(self._instance_id)
-        else:
-            instance_uid = None
-        return instance_uid
-
-    @property
-    def _mark_storage_root(self) -> UPath:
-        marker_path = self.root / STORAGE_UID_FILE_KEY
-        legacy_filepath = self.root / LEGACY_STORAGE_UID_FILE_KEY
-        if legacy_filepath.exists():
-            logger.warning(
-                f"found legacy marker file, renaming it from {legacy_filepath} to {marker_path}"
-            )
-            legacy_filepath.rename(marker_path)
-        return marker_path
-
-    @property
-    def record(self) -> Any:
-        """Storage record in the current instance."""
-        if self._record is None:
-            # dynamic import because of import order
-            from lamindb.models import Storage
-
-            from ._settings import settings
-
-            self._record = Storage.objects.using(settings._using_key).get(
-                root=self.root_as_str
-            )
-        return self._record
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        """String rep."""
-        s = f"root='{self.root_as_str}', uid='{self.uid}'"
-        if self._uuid is not None:
-            s += f", uuid='{self._uuid.hex}'"
-        return f"StorageSettings({s})"
-
-    @property
-    def root(self) -> UPath:
-        """Root storage location."""
-        if self._root is None:
-            # below makes network requests to get credentials
-            self._root = create_path(self._root_init, access_token=self.access_token)
-        elif getattr(self._root, "protocol", "") == "s3":
-            # this is needed to be sure that the root always has nonexpired credentials
-            # this just checks for time of the cached credentials in most cases
-            return get_aws_options_manager().enrich_path(
-                self._root, access_token=self.access_token
-            )
-        return self._root
-
-    def _set_fs_kwargs(self, **kwargs):
-        """Set additional fsspec arguments for cloud root.
-
-        Example:
-
-        >>> ln.setup.settings.storage._set_fs_kwargs(  # any fsspec args
-        >>>    profile="some_profile", cache_regions=True
-        >>> )
-        """
-        if not isinstance(self._root, LocalPathClasses) and kwargs != {}:
-            self._root = UPath(self.root, **kwargs)
-
-    @property
-    def root_as_str(self) -> str:
-        """Formatted root string."""
-        # embed endpoint_url into path string for storing and displaying
-        if self._root_init.protocol == "s3":
-            endpoint_url = self._root_init.storage_options.get("endpoint_url", None)
-            # LAMIN_ENDPOINTS include None
-            if endpoint_url not in LAMIN_ENDPOINTS:
-                return f"s3://{self._root_init.path.rstrip('/')}?endpoint_url={endpoint_url}"
-        return self._root_init.as_posix().rstrip("/")
-
-    @property
-    def cache_dir(
-        self,
-    ) -> UPath:
-        """Cache root, a local directory to cache cloud files."""
-        from lamindb_setup import settings
-
-        return settings.cache_dir
-
-    @property
-    def type_is_cloud(self) -> bool:
-        """`True` if `storage_root` is in cloud, `False` otherwise."""
-        return self.type != "local"
-
-    @property
-    def host(self) -> str | None:
-        """Host identifier for local storage locations.
-
-        Is `None` for locations with `type != "local"`.
-
-        A globally unique user-defined host identifier (cluster, server, laptop, etc.).
-        """
-        if self.type != "local":
-            return None
-        return self.region
-
-    @property
-    def region(self) -> str | None:
-        """Storage region."""
-        if self._region is None:
-            self._region = get_storage_region(self.root_as_str)
-        return self._region
-
-    @property
-    def type(self) -> StorageType:
-        """AWS S3 vs. Google Cloud vs. local.
-
-        Returns the protocol as a stringe, e.g., "local", "s3", "gs", "http", "https".
-        """
-        return get_storage_type(self.root_as_str)
-
-    @property
-    def is_on_hub(self) -> bool:
-        """Is this instance on the hub.
-
-        Only works if user has access to the instance.
-        """
-        if self._uuid is None:
-            return False
-        else:
-            return True
-
-    def cloud_to_local(
-        self, filepath: UPathStr, cache_key: str | None = None, **kwargs
-    ) -> UPath:
-        """Local (or local cache) filepath from filepath."""
-        from lamindb_setup import settings
-
-        return settings.paths.cloud_to_local(
-            filepath=filepath, cache_key=cache_key, **kwargs
-        )
-
-    def cloud_to_local_no_update(
-        self, filepath: UPathStr, cache_key: str | None = None
-    ) -> UPath:
-        from lamindb_setup import settings
-
-        return settings.paths.cloud_to_local_no_update(
-            filepath=filepath, cache_key=cache_key
-        )
-
-    def key_to_filepath(self, filekey: UPathStr) -> UPath:
-        """Cloud or local filepath from filekey."""
-        return self.root / filekey
-
-    def local_filepath(self, filekey: UPathStr) -> UPath:
-        """Local (cache) filepath from filekey."""
-        return self.cloud_to_local(self.key_to_filepath(filekey))
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import secrets
+import string
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal
+from uuid import UUID
+
+import fsspec
+from lamin_utils import logger
+
+from lamindb_setup.errors import StorageAlreadyManaged
+
+from ._aws_options import (
+    HOSTED_REGIONS,
+    LAMIN_ENDPOINTS,
+    get_aws_options_manager,
+)
+from ._aws_storage import find_closest_aws_region
+from ._deprecated import deprecated
+from .hashing import hash_and_encode_as_b62
+from .upath import (
+    LocalPathClasses,
+    UPath,
+    _split_path_query,
+    create_path,
+    get_storage_region,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from lamindb_setup.types import StorageType, UPathStr
+
+STORAGE_UID_FILE_KEY = ".lamindb/storage_uid.txt"
+LEGACY_STORAGE_UID_FILE_KEY = ".lamindb/_is_initialized"
+
+# a list of supported fsspec protocols
+# rename file to local before showing to a user
+VALID_PROTOCOLS = ("file", "gs", "s3", "hf", "http", "https")
+
+
+def base62(n_char: int) -> str:
+    """Like nanoid without hyphen and underscore."""
+    alphabet = string.digits + string.ascii_letters.swapcase()
+    id = "".join(secrets.choice(alphabet) for i in range(n_char))
+    return id
+
+
+def instance_uid_from_uuid(instance_id: UUID) -> str:
+    return hash_and_encode_as_b62(instance_id.hex)[:12]
+
+
+def get_storage_type(root_as_str: str) -> StorageType:
+    import fsspec
+
+    convert = {"file": "local"}
+    # init_storage checks that the root protocol belongs to VALID_PROTOCOLS
+    protocol = fsspec.utils.get_protocol(root_as_str)
+    return convert.get(protocol, protocol)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def mark_storage_root(
+    root: UPathStr, uid: str, instance_id: UUID, instance_slug: str
+) -> Literal["__marked__"] | str:
+    # we need a file in folder-like storage locations on S3 to avoid
+    # permission errors from leveraging s3fs on an empty hosted storage location
+    # (path.fs.find raises a PermissionError)
+    # we also need it in case a storage location is ambiguous because a server / local environment
+    # doesn't have a globally unique identifier, then we screen for this file to map the
+    # path on a storage location in the registry
+
+    root_upath = UPath(root)
+    existing_uid = ""
+    legacy_mark_upath = root_upath / LEGACY_STORAGE_UID_FILE_KEY
+    mark_upath = root_upath / STORAGE_UID_FILE_KEY
+    if legacy_mark_upath.exists():
+        legacy_mark_upath.rename(mark_upath)
+    if mark_upath.exists():
+        existing_uid = mark_upath.read_text().splitlines()[0]
+    if existing_uid == "":
+        instance_uid = instance_uid_from_uuid(instance_id)
+        text = f"{uid}\ncreation info:\ninstance_slug={instance_slug}\ninstance_id={instance_id.hex}\ninstance_uid={instance_uid}"
+        mark_upath.write_text(text)
+    elif existing_uid != uid:
+        return uid
+    # covers the case in which existing uid is the same as uid
+    # and the case in which there was no existing uid
+    return "__is_marked__"
+
+
+def init_storage(
+    root: UPathStr,
+    instance_id: UUID,
+    instance_slug: str,
+    register_hub: bool | None = None,
+    prevent_register_hub: bool = False,
+    init_instance: bool = False,
+    created_by: UUID | None = None,
+    access_token: str | None = None,
+    region: str | None = None,
+) -> tuple[
+    StorageSettings,
+    Literal["hub-record-not-created", "hub-record-retrieved", "hub-record-created"],
+]:
+    from ._hub_core import delete_storage_record, init_storage_hub
+
+    assert root is not None, "`root` argument can't be `None`"
+
+    root_str = str(root)  # ensure we have a string
+    if ".lamindb" in root_str:
+        raise ValueError(
+            'Please pass a folder name that does not end or contain ".lamindb"'
+        )
+    uid = os.getenv("LAMINDB_STORAGE_LNID_INIT")
+    if uid is None:
+        uid = base62(12)
+    else:
+        # this means we constructed a hosted location of shape s3://bucket-name/uid
+        # within LaminHub
+        assert root_str.endswith(uid)
+    lamin_env = os.getenv("LAMIN_ENV")
+    if root_str.startswith("create-s3"):
+        if root_str != "create-s3":
+            assert "--" in root_str, "example: `create-s3--eu-central-1`"
+            region = root_str.replace("create-s3--", "")
+        if region is None:
+            region = find_closest_aws_region()
+        else:
+            if region not in HOSTED_REGIONS:
+                raise ValueError(f"region has to be one of {HOSTED_REGIONS}")
+        if lamin_env is None or lamin_env == "prod":
+            root = f"s3://lamin-{region}/{uid}"
+        else:
+            root = f"s3://lamin-hosted-test/{uid}"
+    elif (input_protocol := fsspec.utils.get_protocol(root_str)) not in VALID_PROTOCOLS:
+        valid_protocols = ("local",) + VALID_PROTOCOLS[1:]  # show local instead of file
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Protocol {input_protocol} is not supported, valid protocols are {', '.join(valid_protocols)}"
+        )
+    ssettings = StorageSettings(
+        uid=uid,
+        root=root,
+        region=region,
+        instance_id=instance_id,
+        access_token=access_token,
+    )
+    # this retrieves the storage record if it exists already in the hub
+    # and updates uid and instance_id in ssettings
+    register_hub = (
+        register_hub or ssettings.type_is_cloud
+    )  # default to registering cloud storage
+    if register_hub and not ssettings.type_is_cloud and ssettings.host is None:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "`host` must be set for local storage locations that are registered on the hub"
+        )
+    hub_record_status = init_storage_hub(
+        ssettings,
+        auto_populate_instance=not init_instance,
+        created_by=created_by,
+        access_token=access_token,
+        prevent_creation=prevent_register_hub or not register_hub,
+    )
+    # we check the write access here if the storage record has not been retrieved from the hub
+    if hub_record_status != "hub-record-retrieved":
+        try:
+            # (federated) credentials for AWS access are provisioned under-the-hood
+            # discussion: https://laminlabs.slack.com/archives/C04FPE8V01W/p1719260587167489
+            # if access_token was passed in ssettings, it is used here
+            marking_result = mark_storage_root(
+                root=ssettings.root,
+                uid=ssettings.uid,
+                instance_id=instance_id,
+                instance_slug=instance_slug,
+            )
+        except Exception:
+            marking_result = "no-write-access"
+        if marking_result != "__is_marked__":
+            if marking_result == "no-write-access":
+                logger.important(
+                    f"due to lack of write access, LaminDB won't manage this storage location: {ssettings.root_as_str}"
+                )
+                ssettings._instance_id = None  # indicate that this storage location is not managed by the instance
+            else:
+                s = "S" if init_instance else "s"  # upper case for error message
+                message = (
+                    f"{s}torage location {ssettings.root_as_str} is already marked with uid {marking_result}, meaning that it is managed by another LaminDB instance -- "
+                    "if you manage your instance with LaminHub you get an overview of all your storage locations"
+                )
+                if init_instance:
+                    raise StorageAlreadyManaged(message)
+                logger.warning(message)
+                ssettings._instance_id = UUID(
+                    "00000000000000000000000000000000"
+                )  # indicate not known
+                ssettings._uid = marking_result
+            # this condition means that the hub record was created
+            if ssettings._uuid is not None:
+                delete_storage_record(ssettings, access_token=access_token)  # type: ignore
+                ssettings._uuid_ = None
+                hub_record_status = "hub-record-not-created"
+    return ssettings, hub_record_status
+
+
+class StorageSettings:
+    """Settings for a storage location (local or cloud).
+
+    Do not instantiate this class yourself, use `ln.Storage` instead.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        root: UPathStr,
+        region: str | None = None,
+        uid: str | None = None,
+        uuid: UUID | None = None,
+        instance_id: UUID | None = None,
+        # note that passing access_token prevents credentials caching
+        access_token: str | None = None,
+    ):
+        self._uid = uid
+        self._uuid_ = uuid
+        self._root_init = UPath(root).expanduser()
+        if isinstance(self._root_init, LocalPathClasses):  # local paths
+            try:
+                (self._root_init / ".lamindb").mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+                self._root_init = self._root_init.resolve()
+            except Exception:
+                logger.warning(
+                    f"unable to create .lamindb/ folder in {self._root_init}"
+                )
+        self._root = None
+        self._instance_id = instance_id
+        # we don't yet infer region here to make init fast
+        self._region = region
+        # would prefer to type below as Registry, but need to think through import order
+        self._record: Any | None = None
+        # save access_token here for use in self.root
+        self.access_token = access_token
+
+        # local storage
+        self._has_local = False
+        self._local = None
+
+    @property
+    @deprecated("_id")
+    def id(self) -> int:
+        return self._id
+
+    @property
+    def _id(self) -> int:
+        """Storage id.
+
+        This id is only valid in the current instance and not globally unique. Only for internal use.
+        """
+        return self.record.id
+
+    @property
+    def _uuid(self) -> UUID | None:
+        """Lamin's internal storage uuid."""
+        return self._uuid_
+
+    @property
+    def uid(self) -> str:
+        """Storage uid."""
+        if self._uid is None:
+            self._uid = self.record.uid
+        return self._uid
+
+    @property
+    def instance_uid(self) -> str | None:
+        """The `uid` of the managing LaminDB instance.
+
+        If `None`, the storage location is not managed by any LaminDB instance.
+        """
+        if self._instance_id is not None:
+            if self._instance_id.hex == "00000000000000000000000000000000":
+                instance_uid = "__unknown__"
+            else:
+                instance_uid = instance_uid_from_uuid(self._instance_id)
+        else:
+            instance_uid = None
+        return instance_uid
+
+    @property
+    def _mark_storage_root(self) -> UPath:
+        marker_path = self.root / STORAGE_UID_FILE_KEY
+        legacy_filepath = self.root / LEGACY_STORAGE_UID_FILE_KEY
+        if legacy_filepath.exists():
+            logger.warning(
+                f"found legacy marker file, renaming it from {legacy_filepath} to {marker_path}"
+            )
+            legacy_filepath.rename(marker_path)
+        return marker_path
+
+    @property
+    def record(self) -> Any:
+        """Storage record in the current instance."""
+        if self._record is None:
+            # dynamic import because of import order
+            from lamindb.models import Storage
+
+            from ._settings import settings
+
+            self._record = Storage.objects.using(settings._using_key).get(
+                root=self.root_as_str
+            )
+        return self._record
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        """String rep."""
+        s = f"root='{self.root_as_str}', uid='{self.uid}'"
+        if self._uuid is not None:
+            s += f", uuid='{self._uuid.hex}'"
+        return f"StorageSettings({s})"
+
+    @property
+    def root(self) -> UPath:
+        """Root storage location."""
+        if self._root is None:
+            # below makes network requests to get credentials
+            self._root = create_path(self._root_init, access_token=self.access_token)
+        elif getattr(self._root, "protocol", "") == "s3":
+            # this is needed to be sure that the root always has nonexpired credentials
+            # this just checks for time of the cached credentials in most cases
+            return get_aws_options_manager().enrich_path(
+                self._root, access_token=self.access_token
+            )
+        return self._root
+
+    def _set_fs_kwargs(self, **kwargs):
+        """Set additional fsspec arguments for cloud root.
+
+        Example:
+
+        >>> ln.setup.settings.storage._set_fs_kwargs(  # any fsspec args
+        >>>    profile="some_profile", cache_regions=True
+        >>> )
+        """
+        if not isinstance(self._root, LocalPathClasses) and kwargs != {}:
+            self._root = UPath(self.root, **kwargs)
+
+    @property
+    def root_as_str(self) -> str:
+        """Formatted root string."""
+        # embed endpoint_url into path string for storing and displaying
+        if self._root_init.protocol == "s3":
+            endpoint_url = self._root_init.storage_options.get("endpoint_url", None)
+            # LAMIN_ENDPOINTS include None
+            if endpoint_url not in LAMIN_ENDPOINTS:
+                return f"s3://{self._root_init.path.rstrip('/')}?endpoint_url={endpoint_url}"
+        return self._root_init.as_posix().rstrip("/")
+
+    @property
+    def cache_dir(
+        self,
+    ) -> UPath:
+        """Cache root, a local directory to cache cloud files."""
+        from lamindb_setup import settings
+
+        return settings.cache_dir
+
+    @property
+    def type_is_cloud(self) -> bool:
+        """`True` if `storage_root` is in cloud, `False` otherwise."""
+        return self.type != "local"
+
+    @property
+    def host(self) -> str | None:
+        """Host identifier for local storage locations.
+
+        Is `None` for locations with `type != "local"`.
+
+        A globally unique user-defined host identifier (cluster, server, laptop, etc.).
+        """
+        if self.type != "local":
+            return None
+        return self.region
+
+    @property
+    def region(self) -> str | None:
+        """Storage region."""
+        if self._region is None:
+            self._region = get_storage_region(self.root_as_str)
+        return self._region
+
+    @property
+    def type(self) -> StorageType:
+        """AWS S3 vs. Google Cloud vs. local.
+
+        Returns the protocol as a stringe, e.g., "local", "s3", "gs", "http", "https".
+        """
+        return get_storage_type(self.root_as_str)
+
+    @property
+    def is_on_hub(self) -> bool:
+        """Is this instance on the hub.
+
+        Only works if user has access to the instance.
+        """
+        if self._uuid is None:
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    def cloud_to_local(
+        self, filepath: UPathStr, cache_key: str | None = None, **kwargs
+    ) -> UPath:
+        """Local (or local cache) filepath from filepath."""
+        from lamindb_setup import settings
+
+        return settings.paths.cloud_to_local(
+            filepath=filepath, cache_key=cache_key, **kwargs
+        )
+
+    def cloud_to_local_no_update(
+        self, filepath: UPathStr, cache_key: str | None = None
+    ) -> UPath:
+        from lamindb_setup import settings
+
+        return settings.paths.cloud_to_local_no_update(
+            filepath=filepath, cache_key=cache_key
+        )
+
+    def key_to_filepath(self, filekey: UPathStr) -> UPath:
+        """Cloud or local filepath from filekey."""
+        return self.root / filekey
+
+    def local_filepath(self, filekey: UPathStr) -> UPath:
+        """Local (cache) filepath from filekey."""
+        return self.cloud_to_local(self.key_to_filepath(filekey))