kaqing 2.0.52__py3-none-any.whl → 2.0.184__py3-none-any.whl

adam/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1 @@
-import click
-
 from .version import __version__, __release__

adam/app_session.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import json
 import threading
 import time
-import traceback
 import requests
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
@@ -9,7 +8,7 @@ from adam.log import Log
 from adam.sso.idp import Idp
 from adam.sso.idp_login import IdpLogin
 from adam.config import Config
-from adam.utils import json_to_csv, lines_to_tabular, log, log2
+from adam.utils import debug, debug_trace, json_to_csv, tabulize, log, log2, log_exc
 from adam.apps import Apps
 
 class AppLogin:
@@ -62,11 +61,9 @@ class AppSession:
                     if r.status_code >= 200 and r.status_code < 300 or r.status_code == 400:
                         try:
                             js = r.json()
-                            try:
+                            with log_exc(js):
                                 header, lines = json_to_csv(js, delimiter='\t')
-                                log(lines_to_tabular(lines, header=header, separator='\t'))
-                            except:
-                                log(js)
+                                tabulize(lines, header=header, separator='\t')
                         except:
                             if urlparse(r.url).hostname != urlparse(uri).hostname and not retried:
                                 app_login = app_session.login(idp_uri=app_login.idp_uri, forced=forced, use_token_from_env=False, use_cached_creds=False)
@@ -76,7 +73,7 @@ class AppSession:
 
                             if r.text:
                                 log2(f'{r.status_code} {r.url} Failed parsing the results.')
-                                Config().debug(r.text)
+                                debug(r.text)
                     else:
                         log2(r.status_code)
                         log2(r.text)
@@ -115,7 +112,7 @@ class AppSession:
             try:
                 # oidc/login may hang
                 timeout = Config().get('app.login.timeout', 5)
-                Config().debug(f'-> {idp_login.app_login_url}')
+                debug(f'-> {idp_login.app_login_url}')
                 session.post(idp_login.app_login_url, headers=headers, data=form_data, timeout=timeout)
             except Exception:
                 pass
@@ -133,7 +130,7 @@ class AppSession:
                 check_uri = Config().get('app.login.session-check-url', 'https://{host}/{env}/{app}/api/8/C3/userSessionToken')
                 check_uri = check_uri.replace('{host}', self.host).replace('{env}', self.env).replace('{app}', 'c3')
                 r = session.get(check_uri)
-                Config().debug(f'{r.status_code} {check_uri}')
+                debug(f'{r.status_code} {check_uri}')
 
                 res_text = r.text
                 js = json.loads(res_text)
@@ -142,10 +139,10 @@ class AppSession:
                     break
 
                 app_access_token = js['signedToken']
-                Config().debug(f'{r.text}')
+                debug(f'{r.text}')
 
                 self.app_login = AppLogin(session, app_access_token, idp_uri)
-            except Exception:
+            except Exception as e:
                 try:
                     need = urlparse(r.url).hostname
                     if idp_login.idp_uri:
@@ -158,7 +155,7 @@ class AppSession:
                         log2(f"Invalid username/password.")
                     break
                 finally:
-                    Config().debug(traceback.format_exc())
+                    debug_trace()
 
                     if 'res_text' in locals():
                         Log.log_to_file(res_text)

adam/apps.py

@@ -5,14 +5,15 @@ from typing import cast
 import yaml
 
 from adam.config import Config
-from adam.k8s_utils.ingresses import Ingresses
+from adam.utils_k8s.ingresses import Ingresses
 
 from . import __version__
-from adam.k8s_utils.services import Services
+from adam.utils_k8s.services import Services
 from adam.utils import copy_config_file
 
 class AppAction:
-    def __init__(self, name: str, payload: str = None, args: dict[str, str] = None, help: str = None):
+    def __init__(self, typ: str, name: str, payload: str = None, args: dict[str, str] = None, help: str = None):
+        self.typ = typ
         self.name = name
         self.payload = payload
         self.args = args
@@ -33,6 +34,19 @@ class AppAction:
 
         return args
 
+    def __str__(self):
+        line = None
+
+        args = ','.join(self.arguments())
+        if args:
+            line = f'{self.typ}.{self.name},{args}'
+        else:
+            line = f'{self.typ}.{self.name},'
+        if self.help:
+            line = f'{line},{self.help}'
+
+        return line
+
 class AppType:
     all_types: list['AppType'] = []
 
@@ -62,12 +76,12 @@ class AppType:
                         aa: AppAction = None
 
                         if isinstance(v, str):
-                            aa = AppAction(k, help=v)
+                            aa = AppAction(typ, k, help=v)
                         elif isinstance(v, dict):
                             args = {k: v1 for k, v1 in v.items()}
-                            aa = AppAction(k, payload=v['payload'], args=args, help=v['help'])
+                            aa = AppAction(typ, k, payload=v['payload'], args=args, help=v['help'])
                         else:
-                            aa = AppAction(k)
+                            aa = AppAction(typ, k)
 
                         app_actions.append(aa)
 

adam/batch.py

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 import click
 
-from adam.commands.bash import Bash
+from adam.commands.audit.audit import Audit, AuditCommandHelper
+from adam.commands.bash.bash import Bash
 from adam.commands.check import Check, CheckCommandHelper
-from adam.commands.cp import ClipboardCopy, CopyCommandHelper
+from adam.commands.clipboard_copy import ClipboardCopy, CopyCommandHelper
 from adam.commands.command import Command
 from adam.commands.command_helpers import ClusterCommandHelper, ClusterOrPodCommandHelper, PodCommandHelper
 from adam.commands.cql.cqlsh import CqlCommandHelper, Cqlsh
 from adam.commands.deploy.deploy import Deploy, DeployCommandHelper
 from adam.commands.deploy.undeploy import Undeploy, UndeployCommandHelper
-from adam.commands.describe.describe import Describe, DescribeCommandHelper
 from adam.commands.issues import Issues
 from adam.commands.login import Login
 from adam.commands.logs import Logs
@@ -24,11 +24,20 @@ from adam.commands.restart import Restart
 from adam.commands.rollout import RollOut
 from adam.commands.show.show import Show, ShowCommandHelper
 from adam.commands.watch import Watch
-from adam.k8s_utils.kube_context import KubeContext
+from adam.utils_k8s.kube_context import KubeContext
 from adam.repl import enter_repl
 from adam.repl_state import ReplState
 from adam.cli_group import cli
 
+@cli.command(context_settings=dict(ignore_unknown_options=True, allow_extra_args=True), cls=AuditCommandHelper, help='Run audit functions.')
+@click.option('--kubeconfig', '-k', required=False, metavar='path', help='path to kubeconfig file')
+@click.option('--config', default='params.yaml', metavar='path', help='path to kaqing parameters file')
+@click.option('--param', '-v', multiple=True, metavar='<key>=<value>', help='parameter override')
+@click.argument('extra_args', nargs=-1, metavar='repair', type=click.UNPROCESSED)
+def audit(kubeconfig: str, config: str, param: list[str], extra_args):
+    run_command(Audit(), kubeconfig, config, param, None, None, None, extra_args, device=ReplState.L)
+
+
 @cli.command(context_settings=dict(ignore_unknown_options=True, allow_extra_args=True), cls=ClusterOrPodCommandHelper, help='Run a single bash command.')
 @click.option('--kubeconfig', '-k', required=False, metavar='path', help='path to kubeconfig file')
 @click.option('--config', default='params.yaml', metavar='path', help='path to kaqing parameters file')
@@ -87,19 +96,6 @@ def deploy(kubeconfig: str, config: str, param: list[str], namespace: str, extra
     run_command(Deploy(), kubeconfig, config, param, None, namespace, None, extra_args)
 
 
-@cli.command(context_settings=dict(ignore_unknown_options=True, allow_extra_args=True), cls=DescribeCommandHelper, help='Describe keyspace(s) or table(s).')
-@click.option('--kubeconfig', '-k', required=False, metavar='path', help='path to kubeconfig file')
-@click.option('--config', default='params.yaml', metavar='path', help='path to kaqing parameters file')
-@click.option('--param', '-v', multiple=True, metavar='<key>=<value>', help='parameter override')
-@click.option('--cluster', '-c', required=False, metavar='statefulset', help='Kubernetes statefulset name')
-@click.option('--namespace', '-n', required=False, metavar='namespace', help='Kubernetes namespace')
-@click.option('--pod', '-p', required=False, metavar='pod', help='Kubernetes pod name')
-@click.option('--all-nodes', '-a', is_flag=True, help='execute on all Cassandra nodes')
-@click.argument('extra_args', nargs=-1, metavar='<cluster|pod>', type=click.UNPROCESSED)
-def describe(kubeconfig: str, config: str, param: list[str], cluster: str, namespace: str, pod: str, all_nodes: bool, extra_args):
-    run_command(Describe(), kubeconfig, config, param, cluster, namespace, pod, ('--all-nodes',) + extra_args if all_nodes else extra_args)
-
-
 @cli.command(context_settings=dict(ignore_unknown_options=True, allow_extra_args=True), cls=ClusterOrPodCommandHelper, help="Print Qing's issues.")
 @click.option('--kubeconfig', '-k', required=False, metavar='path', help='path to kubeconfig file')
 @click.option('--config', default='params.yaml', metavar='path', help='path to kaqing parameters file')
@@ -285,14 +281,14 @@ def watch(kubeconfig: str, config: str, param: list[str], cluster: str, namespac
     run_command(Watch(), kubeconfig, config, param, cluster, namespace, None, extra_args)
 
 
-def run_command(cmd: Command, kubeconfig: str, config: str, params: list[str], cluster:str, namespace: str, pod: str, extra_args):
+def run_command(cmd: Command, kubeconfig: str, config: str, params: list[str], cluster:str, namespace: str, pod: str, extra_args, device=ReplState.C):
     is_user_entry = False
 
     KubeContext.init_config(kubeconfig, is_user_entry=is_user_entry)
     if not KubeContext.init_params(config, params, is_user_entry=is_user_entry):
         return
 
-    state = ReplState(ns_sts=cluster, pod=pod, namespace=namespace)
+    state = ReplState(device=device, ns_sts=cluster, pod=pod, namespace=namespace)
     if cmd.command() == 'pg' and not extra_args:
         state, _ = state.apply_args(extra_args)
         state.device = ReplState.P

adam/checks/check_utils.py

@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
-from collections.abc import Callable
-from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed
-import time
-
 from adam.checks.check import Check
 from adam.checks.check_context import CheckContext
 from adam.checks.check_result import CheckResult
@@ -13,11 +9,10 @@ from adam.checks.issue import Issue
 from adam.checks.memory import Memory
 from adam.checks.status import Status
 from adam.config import Config
-from adam.k8s_utils.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
-from adam.k8s_utils.kube_context import KubeContext
-from adam.k8s_utils.secrets import Secrets
-from adam.k8s_utils.statefulsets import StatefulSets
-from adam.utils import elapsed_time, log2
+from adam.utils_k8s.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
+from adam.utils_k8s.secrets import Secrets
+from adam.utils_k8s.statefulsets import StatefulSets
+from adam.utils import parallelize, log2
 
 def all_checks() -> list[Check]:
     return [CompactionStats(), Cpu(), Gossip(), Memory(), Disk(), Status()]
@@ -38,57 +33,32 @@ def checks_from_csv(check_str: str):
 
     return checks
 
-def run_checks(cluster: str = None, namespace: str = None, pod: str = None, checks: list[Check] = None, show_output=True):
+def run_checks(cluster: str = None, namespace: str = None, pod: str = None, checks: list[Check] = None, show_out=True):
     if not checks:
         checks = all_checks()
 
-    sss: list[tuple[str, str]] = StatefulSets.list_sts_name_and_ns()
-
-    action = 'issues'
-    crs: list[CheckResult] = []
-
-    def on_clusters(f: Callable[[any, list[str]], any]):
-        for ss, ns in sss:
-            if (not cluster or cluster == ss) and (not namespace or namespace == ns):
-                pods = StatefulSets.pods(ss, ns)
-                for pod_name in [pod.metadata.name for pod in pods]:
-                    if not pod or pod == pod_name:
-                        f(ss, ns, pod_name, show_output)
-
-    max_workers = Config().action_workers(action, 30)
-    if max_workers < 2:
-        def serial(ss, ns, pod_name, show_output):
-            if not pod or pod == pod_name:
-                crs.append(run_checks_on_pod(checks, ss[0], ns, pod_name, show_output))
-
-        on_clusters(serial)
-    else:
-        if KubeContext.show_parallelism():
-            log2(f'Executing on all nodes from statefulset with {max_workers} workers...')
-        start_time = time.time()
-        try:
-            futures = []
-            with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=max_workers) as executor:
-                def submit(ss, ns, pod_name, show_output):
-                    f = executor.submit(run_checks_on_pod, checks, ss, ns, pod_name, show_output,)
-                    if f: futures.append(f)
-
-                on_clusters(submit)
+    sts_ns: list[tuple[str, str]] = StatefulSets.list_sts_name_and_ns()
 
-            crs = [future.result() for future in as_completed(futures)]
-        finally:
-            if KubeContext.show_parallelism():
-                log2(f"Parallel {action} elapsed time: {elapsed_time(start_time)} with {max_workers} workers")
+    sts_ns_pods: list[tuple[str, str, str]] = []
+    for sts, ns in sts_ns:
+        if (not cluster or cluster == sts) and (not namespace or namespace == ns):
+            pods = StatefulSets.pods(sts, ns)
+            for pod_name in [pod.metadata.name for pod in pods]:
+                if not pod or pod == pod_name:
+                    sts_ns_pods.append((sts, ns, pod_name))
 
-    return crs
+    with parallelize(sts_ns_pods,
+                     Config().action_workers('issues', 30),
+                     msg='d`Running|Ran checks on {size} pods') as exec:
+        return exec.map(lambda sts_ns_pod: run_checks_on_pod(checks, sts_ns_pod[0], sts_ns_pod[1], sts_ns_pod[2], show_out))
 
-def run_checks_on_pod(checks: list[Check], cluster: str = None, namespace: str = None, pod: str = None, show_output=True):
+def run_checks_on_pod(checks: list[Check], cluster: str = None, namespace: str = None, pod: str = None, show_out=True):
     host_id = CassandraNodes.get_host_id(pod, namespace)
     user, pw = Secrets.get_user_pass(pod, namespace)
     results = {}
     issues: list[Issue] = []
     for c in checks:
-        check_results = c.check(CheckContext(cluster, host_id, pod, namespace, user, pw, show_output=show_output))
+        check_results = c.check(CheckContext(cluster, host_id, pod, namespace, user, pw, show_output=show_out))
         if check_results.details:
             results = results | {check_results.name: check_results.details}
         if check_results.issues:

adam/checks/compactionstats.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from adam.checks.check_context import CheckContext
 from adam.checks.check_result import CheckResult
 from adam.checks.issue import Issue
 from adam.config import Config
-from adam.k8s_utils.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
+from adam.utils_k8s.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
 
 class CompactionStats(Check):
     def name(self):

adam/checks/cpu.py

@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@ from adam.checks.check_context import CheckContext
 from adam.checks.check_result import CheckResult
 from adam.checks.issue import Issue
 from adam.config import Config
-from adam.k8s_utils.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
-from adam.k8s_utils.custom_resources import CustomResources
+from adam.utils_k8s.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
+from adam.utils_k8s.custom_resources import CustomResources
+from adam.utils_k8s.pods import Pods
 
 class Cpu(Check):
     def name(self):
@@ -20,10 +21,15 @@ class Cpu(Check):
             'namespace': ctx.namespace,
             'statefulset': ctx.statefulset,
             'cpu': 'Unknown',
-            'idle': 'Unknown'
+            'idle': 'Unknown',
+            'limit': 'NA'
         }
 
         try:
+            container = Pods.get_container(ctx.namespace, ctx.pod, container_name='cassandra')
+            if container.resources.limits and "cpu" in container.resources.limits:
+                details['limit'] = container.resources.limits["cpu"]
+
             idle = 'Unknown'
             result = CassandraNodes.exec(ctx.pod, ctx.namespace, "mpstat 5 2 | grep Average | awk '{print $NF}'", show_out=ctx.show_output)
             lines = result.stdout.strip(' \r\n').split('\n')

adam/checks/cpu_metrics.py

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+from kubernetes.utils import parse_quantity
+
+from adam.checks.check import Check
+from adam.checks.check_context import CheckContext
+from adam.checks.check_result import CheckResult
+from adam.checks.issue import Issue
+from adam.config import Config
+from adam.utils_k8s.custom_resources import CustomResources
+from adam.utils_k8s.pods import Pods
+
+class CpuMetrics(Check):
+    def name(self):
+        return 'cpu-metrics'
+
+    def check(self, ctx: CheckContext) -> CheckResult:
+        issues: list[Issue] = []
+
+        details = {
+            'name': ctx.pod,
+            'namespace': ctx.namespace,
+            'statefulset': ctx.statefulset,
+            'cpu': 'Unknown',
+            'limit': 'NA'
+        }
+
+        try:
+            container = Pods.get_container(ctx.namespace, ctx.pod, container_name='cassandra')
+            if container.resources.limits and "cpu" in container.resources.limits:
+                details['limit'] = container.resources.limits["cpu"]
+
+            metrics = CustomResources.get_metrics(ctx.namespace, ctx.pod, container_name='cassandra')
+            usage = 'Unknown'
+            if metrics:
+                usage = details['cpu'] = metrics["usage"]["cpu"]
+
+            cpu_threshold = Config().get('checks.cpu-threshold', 0.0)
+            if  cpu_threshold != 0.0 and usage != "Unknown" and parse_quantity(usage) > cpu_threshold:
+                issues.append(Issue(
+                    statefulset=ctx.statefulset,
+                    namespace=ctx.namespace,
+                    pod=ctx.pod,
+                    category='cpu',
+                    desc=f'CPU is too busy: {usage}',
+                    suggestion=f"qing restart {ctx.pod}@{ctx.namespace}"
+                ))
+        except Exception as e:
+            issues.append(self.issue_from_err(sts_name=ctx.statefulset, ns=ctx.namespace, pod_name=ctx.pod, exception=e))
+
+        return CheckResult(self.name(), details, issues)
+
+    def help(self):
+        return f'{CpuMetrics().name()}: check cpu busy percentage with metrics'

adam/checks/disk.py

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ from adam.checks.check_context import CheckContext
 from adam.checks.check_result import CheckResult
 from adam.checks.issue import Issue
 from adam.config import Config
-from adam.k8s_utils.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
+from adam.utils import log_exc
+from adam.utils_k8s.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
 
 class Disk(Check):
     def name(self):
@@ -87,10 +88,8 @@ class Disk(Check):
 
         ss_size = 0.0
         if ss_out:
-            try:
+            with log_exc():
                 ss_size = round(float(ss_out.strip(' \r\n')) / 1024 / 1024, 2)
-            except:
-                pass
 
         def parse_du_out(l: str, default: str = None):
             groups = re.match(r'^(\S+)\s+(\S+)$', l.strip('\r'))

adam/checks/gossip.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from adam.checks.check import Check
 from adam.checks.check_context import CheckContext
 from adam.checks.check_result import CheckResult
 from adam.checks.issue import Issue
-from adam.k8s_utils.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
+from adam.utils_k8s.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
 
 class Gossip(Check):
     def name(self):

adam/checks/memory.py

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ from adam.checks.check import Check
 from adam.checks.check_context import CheckContext
 from adam.checks.check_result import CheckResult
 from adam.checks.issue import Issue
-from adam.k8s_utils.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
-from adam.k8s_utils.custom_resources import CustomResources
-from adam.k8s_utils.pods import Pods
+from adam.utils_k8s.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
+from adam.utils_k8s.custom_resources import CustomResources
+from adam.utils_k8s.pods import Pods
 
 class Memory(Check):
     def name(self):

adam/checks/status.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from adam.checks.check import Check
 from adam.checks.check_context import CheckContext
 from adam.checks.check_result import CheckResult
 from adam.checks.issue import Issue
-from adam.k8s_utils.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
+from adam.utils_k8s.cassandra_nodes import CassandraNodes
 
 class Status(Check):
     def name(self):

adam/columns/columns.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from adam.columns.column import Column
 from adam.columns.compactions import Compactions
 from adam.columns.cpu import Cpu
+from adam.columns.cpu_metrics import CpuMetrics
 from adam.columns.dir_data import DataDir
 from adam.columns.dir_snapshots import SnapshotsDir
 from adam.columns.gossip import Gossip
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ class Columns:
     COLUMNS_BY_NAME = None
 
     def all_columns():
-        return [Compactions(), Cpu(), DataDir(), SnapshotsDir(), Gossip(), HostId(), Memory(),
+        return [Compactions(), Cpu(), CpuMetrics(), DataDir(), SnapshotsDir(), Gossip(), HostId(), Memory(),
                 NodeAddress(), NodeLoad(), NodeOwns(), NodeStatus(),NodeTokens(), PodName(), CassandraVolume(), RootVolume()]
 
     def columns_by_name():
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ class Columns:
             name = name.strip(' ')
             if not name in Columns.COLUMNS_BY_NAME:
                 return None
+
             cols.append(Columns.COLUMNS_BY_NAME[name]())
 
         return cols

adam/columns/cpu.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from kubernetes.utils.quantity import parse_quantity
+
 from adam.checks.check_result import CheckResult
 from adam.checks.cpu import Cpu as CpuCheck
 from adam.columns.column import Column
@@ -14,4 +16,4 @@ class Cpu(Column):
         cpu = r.details[CpuCheck().name()]
         busy = 100.0 - float(cpu['idle'])
 
-        return f'{round(busy)}%'
+        return f'{round(busy)}%/{parse_quantity(cpu["limit"]) * 100}%'

adam/columns/cpu_metrics.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from kubernetes.utils.quantity import parse_quantity
+
+from adam.checks.check_result import CheckResult
+from adam.checks.cpu_metrics import CpuMetrics as CpuCheck
+from adam.columns.column import Column
+
+class CpuMetrics(Column):
+    def name(self):
+        return 'cpu-metrics'
+
+    def checks(self):
+        return [CpuCheck()]
+
+    def pod_value(self, check_results: list[CheckResult], pod_name: str):
+        r = self.result_by_pod(check_results, pod_name)
+        cpu = r.details[CpuCheck().name()]
+
+        cpu_decimal = parse_quantity(cpu['cpu'])
+        cpu_limit = parse_quantity(cpu['limit'])
+        business = cpu_decimal * 100 / cpu_limit
+
+        return f"{business:.2f}%({cpu_decimal}/{cpu_limit})"

adam/columns/memory.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from kubernetes.utils import parse_quantity
 from adam.checks.check_result import CheckResult
 from adam.checks.memory import Memory as MemoryCheck
 from adam.columns.column import Column
+from adam.utils import log_exc
 
 class Memory(Column):
     def name(self):
@@ -18,7 +19,5 @@ class Memory(Column):
         return f"{Memory.to_g(mem['used'])}/{Memory.to_g(mem['limit'])}"
 
     def to_g(v: str):
-        try:
-            return f'{round(parse_quantity(v) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024, 2)}G'
-        except:
-            return v
+        with log_exc():
+            return f'{round(parse_quantity(v) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024, 2)}G'

adam/commands/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from adam.commands.command import ExtractAllOptionsHandler, ExtractOptionsHandler, ExtractSequenceOptionsHandler, ExtractTrailingOptionsHandler, ValidateArgCountHandler
+from adam.repl_state import ReplState
+from adam.commands.app.utils_app import AppHandler
+
+def app(state: ReplState) -> AppHandler:
+    return AppHandler(state)
+
+def extract_options(args: list[str], options: list[str]):
+    return ExtractOptionsHandler(args, options = options)
+
+def extract_trailing_options(args: list[str], trailing: list[str]):
+    return ExtractTrailingOptionsHandler(args, trailing = trailing)
+
+def extract_all_options(args: list[str], trailing = None, sequence = None, options = None):
+    return ExtractAllOptionsHandler(args, trailing = trailing, sequence = sequence, options = options)
+
+def extract_sequence(args: list[str], sequence: list[str]):
+    return ExtractSequenceOptionsHandler(args, sequence = sequence)
+
+def validate_args(args: list[str], state: ReplState, at_least: int = 1, exactly: int = -1,
+                  name: str = None, msg: Callable[[], None] = None, default: str = None,
+                  separator=None):
+    return ValidateArgCountHandler(args, state, at_least=at_least, exactly=exactly, name=name, msg=msg, default=default, separator=separator)