jac-client 0.2.0__py3-none-any.whl

jac_client/docs/guide-example/step-10-routing.md

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+# Step 10: Adding Routing
+
+> **💡 Quick Tip:** Each step has two parts. **Part 1** shows you what to build. **Part 2** explains why it works. Want to just build? Skip all Part 2 sections!
+
+In this step, you'll add multiple pages to your app so users can navigate between login, signup, and todos!
+
+---
+
+## 🏗️ Part 1: Building the App
+
+### Step 10.1: Import Routing Components
+
+Update your imports:
+
+```jac
+cl import from react {useState, useEffect}
+cl import from "@jac-client/utils" {
+    Router,
+    Routes,
+    Route,
+    Link,
+    Navigate,
+    useNavigate,
+    jacSignup,
+    jacLogin,
+    jacLogout,
+    jacIsLoggedIn
+}
+
+cl {
+    # ... your components
+}
+```
+
+### Step 10.2: Add Navigation Links to Login Page
+
+Update your `LoginPage` to include a link to signup:
+
+```jac
+# In LoginPage, replace the last <p> tag with:
+<p style={{
+    "textAlign": "center",
+    "marginTop": "12px",
+    "fontSize": "14px"
+}}>
+    Need an account? <Link to="/signup">Sign up</Link>
+</p>
+```
+
+### Step 10.3: Add Navigation Links to Signup Page
+
+Update your `SignupPage`:
+
+```jac
+# In SignupPage, replace the last <p> tag with:
+<p style={{
+    "textAlign": "center",
+    "marginTop": "12px",
+    "fontSize": "14px"
+}}>
+    Have an account? <Link to="/login">Login</Link>
+</p>
+```
+
+### Step 10.4: Add Navigation After Login/Signup
+
+Update the login handler to navigate to todos after successful login:
+
+```jac
+# In LoginPage
+async def handleLogin(e: any) -> None {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    setError("");
+
+    if not username or not password {
+        setError("Please fill in all fields");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    success = await jacLogin(username, password);
+    if success {
+        window.location.href = "/page/app#/todos";  # Navigate to todos
+    } else {
+        setError("Invalid credentials");
+    }
+}
+```
+
+Update the signup handler:
+
+```jac
+# In SignupPage
+async def handleSignup(e: any) -> None {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    setError("");
+
+    if not username or not password {
+        setError("Please fill in all fields");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    result = await jacSignup(username, password);
+    if result["success"] {
+        window.location.href = "/page/app#/todos";  # Navigate to todos
+    } else {
+        setError(result["error"] if result["error"] else "Signup failed");
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### Step 10.5: Create a Navigation Component
+
+Add this component to show navigation at the top:
+
+```jac
+def Navigation() -> any {
+    let isLoggedIn = jacIsLoggedIn();
+
+    if isLoggedIn {
+        return <nav style={{
+            "padding": "12px 24px",
+            "background": "#3b82f6",
+            "color": "#ffffff",
+            "display": "flex",
+            "justifyContent": "space-between"
+        }}>
+            <div style={{"fontWeight": "600"}}>Todo App</div>
+            <div style={{"display": "flex", "gap": "16px"}}>
+                <Link to="/todos" style={{
+                    "color": "#ffffff",
+                    "textDecoration": "none"
+                }}>
+                    Todos
+                </Link>
+                <button
+                    onClick={lambda e: any -> None {
+                        e.preventDefault();
+                        jacLogout();
+                        window.location.href = "/page/app#/login";
+                    }}
+                    style={{
+                        "background": "none",
+                        "color": "#ffffff",
+                        "border": "1px solid #ffffff",
+                        "padding": "2px 10px",
+                        "borderRadius": "4px",
+                        "cursor": "pointer"
+                    }}
+                >
+                    Logout
+                </button>
+            </div>
+        </nav>;
+    }
+
+    return <nav style={{
+        "padding": "12px 24px",
+        "background": "#3b82f6",
+        "color": "#ffffff",
+        "display": "flex",
+        "justifyContent": "space-between"
+    }}>
+        <div style={{"fontWeight": "600"}}>Todo App</div>
+        <div style={{"display": "flex", "gap": "16px"}}>
+            <Link to="/login" style={{
+                "color": "#ffffff",
+                "textDecoration": "none"
+            }}>
+                Login
+            </Link>
+            <Link to="/signup" style={{
+                "color": "#ffffff",
+                "textDecoration": "none"
+            }}>
+                Sign Up
+            </Link>
+        </div>
+    </nav>;
+}
+```
+
+### Step 10.6: Update TodosPage to Redirect if Not Logged In
+
+Update your `TodosPage`:
+
+```jac
+def TodosPage() -> any {
+    # Redirect to login if not logged in
+    if not jacIsLoggedIn() {
+        return <Navigate to="/login" />;
+    }
+
+    # ... all your existing todo code
+}
+```
+
+### Step 10.7: Create a Home Page
+
+Add this simple home page:
+
+```jac
+def HomePage() -> any {
+    if jacIsLoggedIn() {
+        return <Navigate to="/todos" />;
+    }
+    return <Navigate to="/login" />;
+}
+```
+
+### Step 10.8: Set Up Router in app()
+
+Now, update your `app` function to use the router:
+
+```jac
+def app() -> any {
+    return <Router>
+        <div style={{"fontFamily": "system-ui, sans-serif"}}>
+            <Navigation />
+            <Routes>
+                <Route path="/" element={<HomePage />} />
+                <Route path="/login" element={<LoginPage />} />
+                <Route path="/signup" element={<SignupPage />} />
+                <Route path="/todos" element={<TodosPage />} />
+            </Routes>
+        </div>
+    </Router>;
+}
+```
+
+**Try it!**
+
+1. Go to `http://localhost:8000/page/app` - you'll be redirected to login
+2. Click "Sign up" - goes to signup page
+3. Create an account - redirects to todos
+4. Click "Logout" - redirects to login
+5. Try manually going to `/page/app#/todos` while logged out - redirects to login!
+
+---
+
+**⏭️ Want to skip the theory?** Jump to [Step 11: Final Integration](./step-11-final.md)
+
+---
+
+## 💡 Part 2: Understanding the Concepts
+
+### What is Routing?
+
+Routing = Different URLs show different pages
+
+**Traditional websites:**
+- `/login` → Server sends login.html
+- `/todos` → Server sends todos.html
+- Every click = full page reload
+
+**Single-Page Apps (SPAs):**
+- `/login` → JavaScript shows login component
+- `/todos` → JavaScript shows todos component
+- No page reload = instant and smooth!
+
+### Router Components
+
+```jac
+<Router>           # Container for all routing
+  <Routes>         # Groups route definitions
+    <Route />      # Defines one route
+  </Routes>
+</Router>
+```
+
+**Think of it like:**
+```python
+# Python routing (Flask)
+@app.route("/login")
+def login():
+    return render_template("login.html")
+
+# Jac routing
+<Route path="/login" element={<LoginPage />} />
+```
+
+### The Router Setup
+
+```jac
+<Router>
+    <div>
+        <Navigation />  # Shows on all pages
+        <Routes>
+            <Route path="/" element={<HomePage />} />
+            <Route path="/login" element={<LoginPage />} />
+        </Routes>
+    </div>
+</Router>
+```
+
+**What happens:**
+- `Router` manages the current URL
+- `Navigation` is always visible
+- `Routes` shows ONE matching route
+- Components render based on URL
+
+### Route Definitions
+
+```jac
+<Route path="/login" element={<LoginPage />} />
+```
+
+**Breakdown:**
+- `path="/login"` - URL pattern to match
+- `element={<LoginPage />}` - Component to show (must be JSX!)
+
+**Important:** Use `element={<Component />}` not `element={Component}`
+
+### Link Component
+
+```jac
+<Link to="/login">Go to Login</Link>
+```
+
+**vs regular anchor tag:**
+
+```jac
+# ❌ Wrong - causes page reload
+<a href="/login">Go to Login</a>
+
+# ✅ Correct - no page reload
+<Link to="/login">Go to Login</Link>
+```
+
+`Link` updates the URL without reloading the page!
+
+### Navigate Component
+
+```jac
+def TodosPage() -> any {
+    if not jacIsLoggedIn() {
+        return <Navigate to="/login" />;
+    }
+    // Show todos
+}
+```
+
+**Purpose:** Redirect programmatically
+
+**When to use:**
+- Protecting routes (if not logged in, redirect)
+- After form submission
+- Conditional redirects
+
+### useNavigate Hook
+
+```jac
+let navigate = useNavigate();
+
+async def handleLogin() -> None {
+    let success = await jacLogin(username, password);
+    if success {
+        navigate("/todos");  # Navigate programmatically
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**Use when:** You need to navigate from JavaScript code (not from JSX)
+
+### URL Structure in Jac
+
+```
+http://localhost:8000/page/app#/todos
+                       ^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^
+                       Jac app  Route
+```
+
+- `/page/app` - Your Jac app
+- `#/todos` - Client-side route (hash routing)
+
+### Protected Routes Pattern
+
+```jac
+def ProtectedPage() -> any {
+    if not jacIsLoggedIn() {
+        return <Navigate to="/login" />;
+    }
+
+    # User is authenticated, show page
+    return <div>Protected content</div>;
+}
+```
+
+This pattern:
+1. Checks authentication
+2. Redirects if not logged in
+3. Shows content if logged in
+
+### Conditional Navigation
+
+```jac
+def Navigation() -> any {
+    let isLoggedIn = jacIsLoggedIn();
+
+    if isLoggedIn {
+        return <nav>
+            <Link to="/todos">Todos</Link>
+            <button onClick={logout}>Logout</button>
+        </nav>;
+    }
+
+    return <nav>
+        <Link to="/login">Login</Link>
+        <Link to="/signup">Sign Up</Link>
+    </nav>;
+}
+```
+
+Shows different links based on login status!
+
+### Route Matching
+
+Routes are matched **in order**:
+
+```jac
+<Routes>
+    <Route path="/" element={<HomePage />} />
+    <Route path="/login" element={<LoginPage />} />
+    <Route path="/todos" element={<TodosPage />} />
+</Routes>
+```
+
+- URL `/` → Shows `HomePage`
+- URL `/login` → Shows `LoginPage`
+- URL `/todos` → Shows `TodosPage`
+- URL `/other` → Shows nothing (we could add a 404 page)
+
+### Common Routing Patterns
+
+**Pattern 1: Auto-redirect based on auth**
+
+```jac
+def HomePage() -> any {
+    if jacIsLoggedIn() {
+        return <Navigate to="/todos" />;
+    }
+    return <Navigate to="/login" />;
+}
+```
+
+**Pattern 2: Logout and redirect**
+
+```jac
+def handleLogout() -> None {
+    jacLogout();
+    navigate("/login");
+}
+```
+
+**Pattern 3: Conditional links**
+
+```jac
+{(
+    <Link to="/dashboard">Dashboard</Link>
+) if jacIsLoggedIn() else (
+    <Link to="/login">Login</Link>
+)}
+```
+
+---
+
+## ✅ What You've Learned
+
+- ✅ What client-side routing is
+- ✅ Setting up Router, Routes, and Route
+- ✅ Creating navigation with Link
+- ✅ Programmatic navigation with Navigate
+- ✅ Protected routes with authentication checks
+- ✅ Conditional navigation based on auth status
+- ✅ Common routing patterns
+
+---
+
+## 🐛 Common Issues
+
+### Issue: Links don't work
+
+**Check:**
+- Is everything wrapped in `<Router>`?
+- Are you using `<Link>` not `<a>`?
+- Is the `to` prop correct? `to="/login"` not `href="/login"`
+
+### Issue: Page reloads when clicking links
+
+**Cause:** Using `<a href="">` instead of `<Link to="">`
+
+```jac
+# ❌ Wrong
+<a href="/login">Login</a>
+
+# ✅ Correct
+<Link to="/login">Login</Link>
+```
+
+### Issue: Navigate not working
+
+**Check:**
+- Is `<Navigate>` inside a component rendered by `<Route>`?
+- Is it wrapped in `<Router>`?
+
+### Issue: Can't access protected page when logged in
+
+**Check:**
+- Is `jacIsLoggedIn()` returning true?
+- Did you successfully login?
+- Check browser console for errors
+
+---
+
+## 🎯 Quick Exercise
+
+Try adding a 404 page for unknown routes:
+
+```jac
+def NotFoundPage() -> any {
+    return <div style={{
+        "textAlign": "center",
+        "padding": "50px"
+    }}>
+        <h1>404 - Page Not Found</h1>
+        <Link to="/">Go Home</Link>
+    </div>;
+}
+
+# Add as last route (catches everything else)
+<Route path="*" element={<NotFoundPage />} />
+```
+
+---
+
+## ➡️ Next Step
+
+Congratulations! You've learned all the key concepts. Now let's put everything together into the **complete, final app**!
+
+👉 **[Continue to Step 11: Final Integration](./step-11-final.md)**
+