hypern 0.3.11__cp311-cp311-musllinux_1_2_armv7l.whl

This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
Files changed (74) hide show
  1. hypern/__init__.py +24 -0
  2. hypern/application.py +495 -0
  3. hypern/args_parser.py +73 -0
  4. hypern/auth/__init__.py +0 -0
  5. hypern/auth/authorization.py +2 -0
  6. hypern/background.py +4 -0
  7. hypern/caching/__init__.py +6 -0
  8. hypern/caching/backend.py +31 -0
  9. hypern/caching/redis_backend.py +201 -0
  10. hypern/caching/strategies.py +208 -0
  11. hypern/cli/__init__.py +0 -0
  12. hypern/cli/commands.py +0 -0
  13. hypern/config.py +246 -0
  14. hypern/database/__init__.py +0 -0
  15. hypern/database/sqlalchemy/__init__.py +4 -0
  16. hypern/database/sqlalchemy/config.py +66 -0
  17. hypern/database/sqlalchemy/repository.py +290 -0
  18. hypern/database/sqlx/__init__.py +36 -0
  19. hypern/database/sqlx/field.py +246 -0
  20. hypern/database/sqlx/migrate.py +263 -0
  21. hypern/database/sqlx/model.py +117 -0
  22. hypern/database/sqlx/query.py +904 -0
  23. hypern/datastructures.py +40 -0
  24. hypern/enum.py +13 -0
  25. hypern/exceptions/__init__.py +34 -0
  26. hypern/exceptions/base.py +62 -0
  27. hypern/exceptions/common.py +12 -0
  28. hypern/exceptions/errors.py +15 -0
  29. hypern/exceptions/formatters.py +56 -0
  30. hypern/exceptions/http.py +76 -0
  31. hypern/gateway/__init__.py +6 -0
  32. hypern/gateway/aggregator.py +32 -0
  33. hypern/gateway/gateway.py +41 -0
  34. hypern/gateway/proxy.py +60 -0
  35. hypern/gateway/service.py +52 -0
  36. hypern/hypern.cpython-311-arm-linux-musleabihf.so +0 -0
  37. hypern/hypern.pyi +333 -0
  38. hypern/i18n/__init__.py +0 -0
  39. hypern/logging/__init__.py +3 -0
  40. hypern/logging/logger.py +82 -0
  41. hypern/middleware/__init__.py +17 -0
  42. hypern/middleware/base.py +13 -0
  43. hypern/middleware/cache.py +177 -0
  44. hypern/middleware/compress.py +78 -0
  45. hypern/middleware/cors.py +41 -0
  46. hypern/middleware/i18n.py +1 -0
  47. hypern/middleware/limit.py +177 -0
  48. hypern/middleware/security.py +184 -0
  49. hypern/openapi/__init__.py +5 -0
  50. hypern/openapi/schemas.py +51 -0
  51. hypern/openapi/swagger.py +3 -0
  52. hypern/processpool.py +139 -0
  53. hypern/py.typed +0 -0
  54. hypern/reload.py +46 -0
  55. hypern/response/__init__.py +3 -0
  56. hypern/response/response.py +142 -0
  57. hypern/routing/__init__.py +5 -0
  58. hypern/routing/dispatcher.py +70 -0
  59. hypern/routing/endpoint.py +30 -0
  60. hypern/routing/parser.py +98 -0
  61. hypern/routing/queue.py +175 -0
  62. hypern/routing/route.py +280 -0
  63. hypern/scheduler.py +5 -0
  64. hypern/worker.py +274 -0
  65. hypern/ws/__init__.py +4 -0
  66. hypern/ws/channel.py +80 -0
  67. hypern/ws/heartbeat.py +74 -0
  68. hypern/ws/room.py +76 -0
  69. hypern/ws/route.py +26 -0
  70. hypern-0.3.11.dist-info/METADATA +134 -0
  71. hypern-0.3.11.dist-info/RECORD +74 -0
  72. hypern-0.3.11.dist-info/WHEEL +4 -0
  73. hypern-0.3.11.dist-info/licenses/LICENSE +24 -0
  74. hypern.libs/libgcc_s-5b5488a6.so.1 +0 -0
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
1
+ # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
2
+ import asyncio
3
+ import traceback
4
+ from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
5
+
6
+ from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncEngine, AsyncSession, async_scoped_session
7
+ from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, sessionmaker
8
+ from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import Delete, Insert, Update
9
+
10
+
11
+ class SqlalchemyConfig:
12
+ def __init__(self, default_engine: AsyncEngine | None = None, reader_engine: AsyncEngine | None = None, writer_engine: AsyncEngine | None = None):
13
+ """
14
+ Initialize the SQL configuration.
15
+ You can provide a default engine, a reader engine, and a writer engine.
16
+ If only one engine is provided (default_engine), it will be used for both reading and writing.
17
+ If both reader and writer engines are provided, they will be used for reading and writing respectively.
18
+ Note: The reader and writer engines must be different.
19
+ """
20
+
21
+ assert default_engine or reader_engine or writer_engine, "At least one engine must be provided."
22
+ assert not (reader_engine and writer_engine and id(reader_engine) == id(writer_engine)), "Reader and writer engines must be different."
23
+
24
+ engines = {
25
+ "writer": writer_engine or default_engine,
26
+ "reader": reader_engine or default_engine,
27
+ }
28
+
29
+ class RoutingSession(Session):
30
+ def get_bind(this, mapper=None, clause=None, **kwargs):
31
+ if this._flushing or isinstance(clause, (Update, Delete, Insert)):
32
+ return engines["writer"].sync_engine
33
+ return engines["reader"].sync_engine
34
+
35
+ async_session_factory = sessionmaker(
36
+ class_=AsyncSession,
37
+ sync_session_class=RoutingSession,
38
+ expire_on_commit=False,
39
+ )
40
+
41
+ session_scope: AsyncSession | async_scoped_session = async_scoped_session(
42
+ session_factory=async_session_factory,
43
+ scopefunc=asyncio.current_task,
44
+ )
45
+
46
+ @asynccontextmanager
47
+ async def get_session():
48
+ """
49
+ Get the database session.
50
+ This can be used for dependency injection.
51
+
52
+ :return: The database session.
53
+ """
54
+ try:
55
+ yield session_scope
56
+ except Exception:
57
+ traceback.print_exc()
58
+ await session_scope.rollback()
59
+ finally:
60
+ await session_scope.remove()
61
+ await session_scope.close()
62
+
63
+ self.get_session = get_session
64
+
65
+ def init_app(self, app):
66
+ app.inject("get_session", self.get_session)
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
1
+ # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
2
+ from functools import reduce
3
+ from typing import Any, Dict, Generic, Optional, Type, TypeVar
4
+
5
+ from sqlalchemy import Select, and_, asc, between, desc, select
6
+ from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import (
7
+ AsyncSession,
8
+ )
9
+ from sqlalchemy.orm import declarative_base
10
+ from sqlalchemy.sql import func
11
+
12
+ Base = declarative_base()
13
+
14
+
15
+ class Model(Base): # type: ignore
16
+ __abstract__ = True
17
+ __table_args__ = {"extend_existing": True}
18
+
19
+ @property
20
+ def as_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
21
+ return {c.name: getattr(self, c.name) for c in self.__table__.columns}
22
+
23
+
24
+ ModelType = TypeVar("ModelType", bound=Base) # type: ignore
25
+
26
+
27
+ class PostgresRepository(Generic[ModelType]):
28
+ """Base class for data repositories."""
29
+
30
+ def __init__(self, model: Type[ModelType], db_session: AsyncSession):
31
+ self.session = db_session # type: ignore
32
+ self.model_class: Type[ModelType] = model
33
+
34
+ async def create(self, attributes: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None) -> ModelType:
35
+ """
36
+ Creates the model instance.
37
+
38
+ :param attributes: The attributes to create the model with.
39
+ :return: The created model instance.
40
+ """
41
+ if attributes is None:
42
+ attributes = {}
43
+ model = self.model_class(**attributes) # type: ignore
44
+ self.session.add(model)
45
+ return model
46
+
47
+ async def get_all(
48
+ self,
49
+ skip: int = 0,
50
+ limit: int = 100,
51
+ join_: set[str] | None = None,
52
+ where: Optional[dict] = None,
53
+ order_by: tuple[str, str] | None = None,
54
+ ) -> list[ModelType]:
55
+ """
56
+ Returns a list of model instances.
57
+
58
+ :param skip: The number of records to skip.
59
+ :param limit: The number of record to return.
60
+ :param join_: The joins to make.
61
+ :param where: The conditions for the WHERE clause.
62
+ :return: A list of model instances.
63
+ """
64
+ query = self._query(join_)
65
+ query = query.offset(skip).limit(limit)
66
+
67
+ if where is not None:
68
+ conditions = []
69
+ for k, v in where.items():
70
+ if isinstance(v, dict) and "$gt" in v and "$lt" in v:
71
+ conditions.append(between(getattr(self.model_class, k), v["$gt"], v["$lt"]))
72
+ else:
73
+ conditions.append(getattr(self.model_class, k) == v)
74
+ query = query.where(and_(*conditions))
75
+
76
+ if order_by is not None:
77
+ column, direction = order_by
78
+ if direction.lower() == "desc":
79
+ query = query.order_by(desc(getattr(self.model_class, column)))
80
+ else:
81
+ query = query.order_by(asc(getattr(self.model_class, column)))
82
+
83
+ if join_ is not None:
84
+ return await self.all_unique(query)
85
+ return await self._all(query)
86
+
87
+ async def get_by(
88
+ self,
89
+ field: str,
90
+ value: Any,
91
+ join_: set[str] | None = None,
92
+ unique: bool = False,
93
+ ) -> ModelType | list[ModelType] | None:
94
+ """
95
+ Returns the model instance matching the field and value.
96
+
97
+ :param field: The field to match.
98
+ :param value: The value to match.
99
+ :param join_: The joins to make.
100
+ :return: The model instance.
101
+ """
102
+ query = self._query(join_)
103
+ query = await self._get_by(query, field, value)
104
+
105
+ if join_ is not None:
106
+ return await self.all_unique(query)
107
+ if unique:
108
+ return await self._one(query)
109
+
110
+ return await self._all(query)
111
+
112
+ async def delete(self, model: ModelType) -> None:
113
+ """
114
+ Deletes the model.
115
+
116
+ :param model: The model to delete.
117
+ :return: None
118
+ """
119
+ await self.session.delete(model)
120
+
121
+ async def update(self, model: ModelType, attributes: dict[str, Any]) -> ModelType:
122
+ """
123
+ Updates the model.
124
+
125
+ :param model: The model to update.
126
+ :param attributes: The attributes to update the model with.
127
+ :return: The updated model instance.
128
+ """
129
+ for key, value in attributes.items():
130
+ if hasattr(model, key):
131
+ setattr(model, key, value)
132
+
133
+ self.session.add(model)
134
+ await self.session.commit()
135
+
136
+ return model
137
+
138
+ def _query(
139
+ self,
140
+ join_: set[str] | None = None,
141
+ order_: dict | None = None,
142
+ ) -> Select:
143
+ """
144
+ Returns a callable that can be used to query the model.
145
+
146
+ :param join_: The joins to make.
147
+ :param order_: The order of the results. (e.g desc, asc)
148
+ :return: A callable that can be used to query the model.
149
+ """
150
+ query = select(self.model_class)
151
+ query = self._maybe_join(query, join_)
152
+ query = self._maybe_ordered(query, order_)
153
+
154
+ return query
155
+
156
+ async def _all(self, query: Select) -> list[ModelType]:
157
+ """
158
+ Returns all results from the query.
159
+
160
+ :param query: The query to execute.
161
+ :return: A list of model instances.
162
+ """
163
+ query = await self.session.scalars(query)
164
+ return query.all()
165
+
166
+ async def all_unique(self, query: Select) -> list[ModelType]:
167
+ result = await self.session.execute(query)
168
+ return result.unique().scalars().all()
169
+
170
+ async def _first(self, query: Select) -> ModelType | None:
171
+ """
172
+ Returns the first result from the query.
173
+
174
+ :param query: The query to execute.
175
+ :return: The first model instance.
176
+ """
177
+ query = await self.session.scalars(query)
178
+ return query.first()
179
+
180
+ async def _one_or_none(self, query: Select) -> ModelType | None:
181
+ """Returns the first result from the query or None."""
182
+ query = await self.session.scalars(query)
183
+ return query.one_or_none()
184
+
185
+ async def _one(self, query: Select) -> ModelType:
186
+ """
187
+ Returns the first result from the query or raises NoResultFound.
188
+
189
+ :param query: The query to execute.
190
+ :return: The first model instance.
191
+ """
192
+ query = await self.session.scalars(query)
193
+ return query.one()
194
+
195
+ async def _count(self, query: Select) -> int:
196
+ """
197
+ Returns the count of the records.
198
+
199
+ :param query: The query to execute.
200
+ """
201
+ query = query.subquery()
202
+ query = await self.session.scalars(select(func.count()).select_from(query))
203
+ return query.one()
204
+
205
+ async def _sort_by(
206
+ self,
207
+ query: Select,
208
+ sort_by: str,
209
+ order: str | None = "asc",
210
+ model: Type[ModelType] | None = None,
211
+ case_insensitive: bool = False,
212
+ ) -> Select:
213
+ """
214
+ Returns the query sorted by the given column.
215
+
216
+ :param query: The query to sort.
217
+ :param sort_by: The column to sort by.
218
+ :param order: The order to sort by.
219
+ :param model: The model to sort.
220
+ :param case_insensitive: Whether to sort case insensitively.
221
+ :return: The sorted query.
222
+ """
223
+ model = model or self.model_class
224
+
225
+ order_column = None
226
+
227
+ if case_insensitive:
228
+ order_column = func.lower(getattr(model, sort_by))
229
+ else:
230
+ order_column = getattr(model, sort_by)
231
+
232
+ if order == "desc":
233
+ return query.order_by(order_column.desc())
234
+
235
+ return query.order_by(order_column.asc())
236
+
237
+ async def _get_by(self, query: Select, field: str, value: Any) -> Select:
238
+ """
239
+ Returns the query filtered by the given column.
240
+
241
+ :param query: The query to filter.
242
+ :param field: The column to filter by.
243
+ :param value: The value to filter by.
244
+ :return: The filtered query.
245
+ """
246
+ return query.where(getattr(self.model_class, field) == value)
247
+
248
+ def _maybe_join(self, query: Select, join_: set[str] | None = None) -> Select:
249
+ """
250
+ Returns the query with the given joins.
251
+
252
+ :param query: The query to join.
253
+ :param join_: The joins to make.
254
+ :return: The query with the given joins.
255
+ """
256
+ if not join_:
257
+ return query
258
+
259
+ if not isinstance(join_, set):
260
+ raise TypeError("join_ must be a set")
261
+
262
+ return reduce(self._add_join_to_query, join_, query) # type: ignore
263
+
264
+ def _maybe_ordered(self, query: Select, order_: dict | None = None) -> Select:
265
+ """
266
+ Returns the query ordered by the given column.
267
+
268
+ :param query: The query to order.
269
+ :param order_: The order to make.
270
+ :return: The query ordered by the given column.
271
+ """
272
+ if order_:
273
+ if order_["asc"]:
274
+ for order in order_["asc"]:
275
+ query = query.order_by(getattr(self.model_class, order).asc())
276
+ else:
277
+ for order in order_["desc"]:
278
+ query = query.order_by(getattr(self.model_class, order).desc())
279
+
280
+ return query
281
+
282
+ def _add_join_to_query(self, query: Select, join_: str) -> Select:
283
+ """
284
+ Returns the query with the given join.
285
+
286
+ :param query: The query to join.
287
+ :param join_: The join to make.
288
+ :return: The query with the given join.
289
+ """
290
+ return getattr(self, "_join_" + join_)(query)
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
1
+ # from .context import SqlConfig, DatabaseType
2
+ from .field import (
3
+ CharField,
4
+ IntegerField,
5
+ TextField,
6
+ FloatField,
7
+ BooleanField,
8
+ ForeignKeyField,
9
+ DateTimeField,
10
+ Field,
11
+ JSONField,
12
+ ArrayField,
13
+ DecimalField,
14
+ DateField,
15
+ )
16
+ from .model import Model
17
+ from .query import F, Q, QuerySet
18
+
19
+ __all__ = [
20
+ "CharField",
21
+ "IntegerField",
22
+ "TextField",
23
+ "FloatField",
24
+ "BooleanField",
25
+ "ForeignKeyField",
26
+ "DateTimeField",
27
+ "Field",
28
+ "JSONField",
29
+ "ArrayField",
30
+ "DecimalField",
31
+ "DateField",
32
+ "Model",
33
+ "Q",
34
+ "F",
35
+ "QuerySet",
36
+ ]
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
1
+ import json
2
+ from datetime import date, datetime
3
+ from decimal import Decimal, InvalidOperation
4
+ from typing import Any, Optional, Union
5
+
6
+ from hypern.exceptions import DBFieldValidationError
7
+
8
+
9
+ class Field:
10
+ """Base field class for ORM-like field definitions."""
11
+
12
+ def __init__(
13
+ self,
14
+ field_type: str,
15
+ primary_key: bool = False,
16
+ null: bool = True,
17
+ default: Any = None,
18
+ unique: bool = False,
19
+ index: bool = False,
20
+ validators: Optional[list] = None,
21
+ auto_increment: bool = False,
22
+ ):
23
+ self.field_type = field_type
24
+ self.primary_key = primary_key
25
+ self.null = null
26
+ self.default = default
27
+ self.unique = unique
28
+ self.index = index
29
+ self.validators = validators or []
30
+ self.name = None
31
+ self.model = None
32
+ self.auto_increment = auto_increment
33
+
34
+ def validate(self, value: Any) -> None:
35
+ if value is None:
36
+ if not self.null:
37
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} cannot be null")
38
+ return
39
+
40
+ for validator in self.validators:
41
+ try:
42
+ validator(value)
43
+ except Exception as e:
44
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Validation failed for {self.name}: {str(e)}")
45
+
46
+ def sql_type(self) -> str:
47
+ """Return SQL type definition for the field."""
48
+ type_mapping = {
49
+ "int": "INTEGER",
50
+ "str": "VARCHAR(255)",
51
+ "float": "FLOAT",
52
+ "bool": "BOOLEAN",
53
+ "datetime": "TIMESTAMP",
54
+ "date": "DATE",
55
+ "text": "TEXT",
56
+ "json": "JSONB",
57
+ "array": "ARRAY",
58
+ "decimal": "DECIMAL",
59
+ }
60
+ return type_mapping.get(self.field_type, "VARCHAR(255)")
61
+
62
+
63
+ class CharField(Field):
64
+ def __init__(self, max_length: int = 255, **kwargs):
65
+ super().__init__(field_type="str", **kwargs)
66
+ self.max_length = max_length
67
+
68
+ def validate(self, value: Any) -> None:
69
+ super().validate(value)
70
+ if value is not None:
71
+ if not isinstance(value, str):
72
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} must be a string")
73
+ if len(value) > self.max_length:
74
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} cannot exceed {self.max_length} characters")
75
+
76
+ def sql_type(self) -> str:
77
+ return f"VARCHAR({self.max_length})"
78
+
79
+
80
+ class TextField(Field):
81
+ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
82
+ super().__init__(field_type="text", **kwargs)
83
+
84
+ def validate(self, value: Any) -> None:
85
+ super().validate(value)
86
+ if value is not None and not isinstance(value, str):
87
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} must be a string")
88
+
89
+
90
+ class IntegerField(Field):
91
+ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
92
+ super().__init__(field_type="int", **kwargs)
93
+
94
+ def validate(self, value: Any) -> None:
95
+ super().validate(value)
96
+ if value is not None:
97
+ try:
98
+ int(value)
99
+ except (TypeError, ValueError):
100
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} must be an integer")
101
+
102
+
103
+ class FloatField(Field):
104
+ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
105
+ super().__init__(field_type="float", **kwargs)
106
+
107
+ def validate(self, value: Any) -> None:
108
+ super().validate(value)
109
+ if value is not None:
110
+ try:
111
+ float(value)
112
+ except (TypeError, ValueError):
113
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} must be a float")
114
+
115
+
116
+ class BooleanField(Field):
117
+ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
118
+ super().__init__(field_type="bool", **kwargs)
119
+
120
+ def validate(self, value: Any) -> None:
121
+ super().validate(value)
122
+ if value is not None and not isinstance(value, bool):
123
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} must be a boolean")
124
+
125
+
126
+ class DateTimeField(Field):
127
+ def __init__(self, auto_now: bool = False, auto_now_add: bool = False, **kwargs):
128
+ super().__init__(field_type="datetime", **kwargs)
129
+ self.auto_now = auto_now
130
+ self.auto_now_add = auto_now_add
131
+
132
+ def validate(self, value: Any) -> None:
133
+ super().validate(value)
134
+ if value is not None and not isinstance(value, datetime):
135
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} must be a datetime object")
136
+
137
+
138
+ class DateField(Field):
139
+ def __init__(self, auto_now: bool = False, auto_now_add: bool = False, **kwargs):
140
+ super().__init__(field_type="date", **kwargs)
141
+ self.auto_now = auto_now
142
+ self.auto_now_add = auto_now_add
143
+
144
+ def validate(self, value: Any) -> None:
145
+ super().validate(value)
146
+ if value is not None and not isinstance(value, date):
147
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} must be a date object")
148
+
149
+
150
+ class JSONField(Field):
151
+ def __init__(self, **kwargs):
152
+ super().__init__(field_type="json", **kwargs)
153
+
154
+ def validate(self, value: Any) -> None:
155
+ super().validate(value)
156
+ if value is not None:
157
+ try:
158
+ json.dumps(value)
159
+ except (TypeError, ValueError):
160
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} must be JSON serializable")
161
+
162
+
163
+ class ArrayField(Field):
164
+ def __init__(self, base_field: Field, **kwargs):
165
+ super().__init__(field_type="array", **kwargs)
166
+ self.base_field = base_field
167
+
168
+ def validate(self, value: Any) -> None:
169
+ super().validate(value)
170
+ if value is not None:
171
+ if not isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
172
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} must be a list or tuple")
173
+ for item in value:
174
+ self.base_field.validate(item)
175
+
176
+ def sql_type(self) -> str:
177
+ return f"{self.base_field.sql_type()}[]"
178
+
179
+
180
+ class DecimalField(Field):
181
+ def __init__(self, max_digits: int = 10, decimal_places: int = 2, **kwargs):
182
+ super().__init__(field_type="decimal", **kwargs)
183
+ self.max_digits = max_digits
184
+ self.decimal_places = decimal_places
185
+
186
+ def validate(self, value: Any) -> None:
187
+ super().validate(value)
188
+ if value is not None:
189
+ try:
190
+ decimal_value = Decimal(str(value))
191
+ decimal_tuple = decimal_value.as_tuple()
192
+ if len(decimal_tuple.digits) - (-decimal_tuple.exponent) > self.max_digits:
193
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} exceeds maximum digits {self.max_digits}")
194
+ if -decimal_tuple.exponent > self.decimal_places:
195
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} exceeds maximum decimal places {self.decimal_places}")
196
+ except InvalidOperation:
197
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Field {self.name} must be a valid decimal number")
198
+
199
+ def sql_type(self) -> str:
200
+ return f"DECIMAL({self.max_digits},{self.decimal_places})"
201
+
202
+
203
+ class ForeignKeyField(Field):
204
+ """Field for foreign key relationships."""
205
+
206
+ def __init__(
207
+ self,
208
+ to_model: Union[str, Any],
209
+ related_field: str = "id",
210
+ on_delete: str = "CASCADE",
211
+ on_update: str = "CASCADE",
212
+ related_name: Optional[str] = None,
213
+ **kwargs,
214
+ ):
215
+ if isinstance(to_model, str):
216
+ field_type = "int"
217
+ else:
218
+ related_field_obj = getattr(to_model, related_field, None)
219
+ if related_field_obj is None:
220
+ raise ValueError(f"Field {related_field} not found in model {to_model.__name__}")
221
+ field_type = related_field_obj.field_type
222
+
223
+ super().__init__(field_type=field_type, **kwargs)
224
+ self.to_model = to_model
225
+ self.related_field = related_field
226
+ self.on_delete = on_delete.upper()
227
+ self.on_update = on_update.upper()
228
+ self.related_name = related_name
229
+
230
+ valid_actions = {"CASCADE", "SET NULL", "RESTRICT", "NO ACTION"}
231
+ if self.on_delete not in valid_actions:
232
+ raise ValueError(f"Invalid on_delete action. Must be one of: {valid_actions}")
233
+ if self.on_update not in valid_actions:
234
+ raise ValueError(f"Invalid on_update action. Must be one of: {valid_actions}")
235
+
236
+ if (self.on_delete == "SET NULL" or self.on_update == "SET NULL") and not kwargs.get("null", True):
237
+ raise ValueError("Field must be nullable to use SET NULL referential action")
238
+
239
+ def validate(self, value: Any) -> None:
240
+ super().validate(value)
241
+ if value is not None and not isinstance(self.to_model, str):
242
+ related_field_obj = getattr(self.to_model, self.related_field)
243
+ try:
244
+ related_field_obj.validate(value)
245
+ except DBFieldValidationError as e:
246
+ raise DBFieldValidationError(f"Foreign key {self.name} validation failed: {str(e)}")