gingo 1.0.0__cp312-cp312-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl

gingo/__main__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1219 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+"""Gingo CLI — explore music theory from the terminal.
+
+Usage:
+    python -m gingo note C#
+    python -m gingo interval 5J
+    python -m gingo chord Cmaj7
+    python -m gingo scale "C major"
+    python -m gingo field "C major"
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import sys
+import textwrap
+
+from gingo import (
+    Note,
+    Interval,
+    Chord,
+    Scale,
+    Field,
+    FieldComparison,
+    HarmonicFunction,
+    Duration,
+    Tempo,
+    TimeSignature,
+    __version__,
+)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _join(items, sep="  "):
+    return sep.join(str(x) for x in items)
+
+
+def _header(text):
+    print(f"\n  {text}")
+    print(f"  {'—' * len(text)}")
+
+
+def _row(label, value, indent=4):
+    print(f"{' ' * indent}{label:.<20s} {value}")
+
+
+def _add_audio_args(parser):
+    """Add --play, --wav, --waveform, and --strum arguments to a subparser."""
+    parser.add_argument("--play", action="store_true",
+                        help="play through audio output")
+    parser.add_argument("--wav", metavar="FILE",
+                        help="export to WAV file")
+    parser.add_argument("--waveform",
+                        choices=["sine", "square", "sawtooth", "triangle"],
+                        default="sine",
+                        help="waveform for --play / --wav (default: sine)")
+    parser.add_argument("--strum", type=float, default=0.03, metavar="SEC",
+                        help="delay between chord notes in seconds (default: 0.03)")
+    parser.add_argument("--gap", type=float, default=0.05, metavar="SEC",
+                        help="silence between consecutive notes/chords (default: 0.05)")
+
+
+def _handle_audio(obj, args):
+    """Handle --play and --wav flags if present."""
+    has_play = getattr(args, "play", False)
+    wav_path = getattr(args, "wav", None)
+    if not has_play and not wav_path:
+        return
+    from gingo.audio import play as audio_play, to_wav
+    kw = {"waveform": args.waveform, "strum": args.strum, "gap": args.gap}
+    if hasattr(args, "octave") and args.octave is not None:
+        kw["octave"] = args.octave
+    if wav_path:
+        to_wav(obj, wav_path, **kw)
+        print(f"    Saved: {wav_path}")
+    if has_play:
+        audio_play(obj, **kw)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Subcommands
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def cmd_note(args):
+    """Show note properties."""
+    n = Note(args.name)
+
+    _header(f"Note: {n.name()}")
+    _row("Semitone index", str(n.semitone()))
+    tuning = args.tuning or 440.0
+    octave = args.octave if args.octave is not None else 4
+    freq = n.frequency(octave, tuning)
+    label = f"Frequency ({n.name()}{octave}"
+    if tuning != 440.0:
+        label += f", A4={tuning:.0f}"
+    label += ")"
+    _row(label, f"{freq:.2f} Hz")
+    _row("Natural name", n.natural())
+    _row("Sound", n.sound())
+
+    if args.transpose:
+        t = n.transpose(args.transpose)
+        _row(f"Transpose ({args.transpose:+d} st)", str(t))
+
+    if args.enharmonic:
+        other = Note(args.enharmonic)
+        eq = n.is_enharmonic(other)
+        _row(f"Enharmonic to {args.enharmonic}", "yes" if eq else "no")
+
+    if args.distance:
+        other = Note(args.distance)
+        d = n.distance(other)
+        _row(f"Distance to {args.distance}", f"{d} fifth{'s' if d != 1 else ''}")
+
+    if args.fifths:
+        print()
+        _header("Circle of fifths")
+        fifths = Note.fifths()
+        # Find current note's position on the circle
+        pos = (n.semitone() * 7) % 12
+        items = []
+        for i, name in enumerate(fifths):
+            marker = f"[{name}]" if i == pos else f" {name} "
+            items.append(marker)
+        # Print in a circular layout: top row, then two lines
+        print(f"    {_join(items, '  ')}")
+
+    _handle_audio(n, args)
+    print()
+
+
+def cmd_interval(args):
+    """Show interval properties."""
+    try:
+        iv = Interval(args.label)
+    except (ValueError, RuntimeError):
+        try:
+            iv = Interval(int(args.label))
+        except (ValueError, RuntimeError):
+            print(f"  Error: unknown interval '{args.label}'")
+            print(f"  Try a label (5J, 3M, 7m) or semitone count (0-23)")
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+    _header(f"Interval: {iv.label()}")
+    _row("Semitones", str(iv.semitones()))
+    _row("Anglo-saxon", iv.anglo_saxon())
+    _row("Degree", str(iv.degree()))
+    _row("Octave", str(iv.octave()))
+
+    if args.all:
+        print()
+        _header("All 24 intervals (2 octaves)")
+        print(f"    {'ST':>3s}  {'Label':<6s}  {'Anglo-saxon':<10s}  {'Deg':>3s}  {'Oct':>3s}")
+        print(f"    {'---':>3s}  {'------':<6s}  {'----------':<10s}  {'---':>3s}  {'---':>3s}")
+        for i in range(24):
+            x = Interval(i)
+            print(f"    {x.semitones():>3d}  {x.label():<6s}  {x.anglo_saxon():<10s}  {x.degree():>3d}  {x.octave():>3d}")
+
+    print()
+
+
+def cmd_chord(args):
+    """Show chord properties."""
+    if args.identify:
+        notes = [n.strip() for n in args.name.split(",")]
+        c = Chord.identify(notes)
+        print(f"\n  Identified: {c.name()}")
+        print(f"  From notes: {', '.join(notes)}\n")
+    else:
+        c = Chord(args.name)
+
+    _header(f"Chord: {c.name()}")
+    _row("Root", str(c.root()))
+    _row("Type", c.type())
+    _row("Notes", _join(c.notes(), ", "))
+    _row("Formal notes", _join(c.formal_notes(), ", "))
+    _row("Intervals", _join(c.intervals(), ", "))
+    _row("Size", str(c.size()))
+    _handle_audio(c, args)
+    print()
+
+
+def cmd_scale(args):
+    """Show scale properties, modes, and pentatonic."""
+    if args.identify:
+        notes = [n.strip() for n in args.name.split(",")]
+        s = Scale.identify(notes)
+        print(f"\n  Identified: {s}")
+        print(f"  From notes: {', '.join(notes)}")
+    else:
+        parts = args.name.strip().split(maxsplit=1)
+        if len(parts) < 2:
+            print(f"  Error: provide tonic and type, e.g. 'C major' or 'A natural minor'")
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        tonic, stype = parts[0], parts[1]
+
+        # Handle --pentatonic flag: append "pentatonic" suffix if not already present
+        if args.pentatonic and "pentatonic" not in stype.lower():
+            s = Scale(tonic, stype + " pentatonic")
+        else:
+            s = Scale(tonic, stype)
+
+    _header(f"Scale: {s}")
+    _row("Tonic", str(s.tonic()))
+    _row("Parent", str(s.parent()).replace("ScaleType.", ""))
+    _row("Mode", f"{s.mode_name()} (mode {s.mode_number()})")
+    _row("Quality", s.quality())
+    brightness = s.brightness()
+    if brightness > 0:
+        _row("Brightness", str(brightness))
+    if s.is_pentatonic():
+        _row("Pentatonic", "yes")
+    sig = s.signature()
+    if sig != 0 or s.parent().name in ("Major", "NaturalMinor"):
+        if sig > 0:
+            _row("Key signature", f"{sig} sharp{'s' if sig != 1 else ''}")
+        elif sig < 0:
+            _row("Key signature", f"{-sig} flat{'s' if sig != -1 else ''}")
+        else:
+            _row("Key signature", "none")
+    _row("Size", str(s.size()))
+    _row("Notes", _join(s.notes(), "  "))
+    _row("Formal notes", _join(s.formal_notes(), "  "))
+    _row("Binary mask", "".join(str(x) for x in s.mask()))
+
+    if args.colors:
+        cols = s.colors(args.colors)
+        if cols:
+            _row("Colors vs " + args.colors, _join(cols, "  "))
+        else:
+            _row("Colors vs " + args.colors, "(none)")
+
+    if args.modes:
+        print()
+        _header("Modes")
+        base = Scale(tonic, stype) if s.is_pentatonic() else s
+        # Build the base parent scale (mode 1) for mode listing
+        parent_tonic = base.tonic()
+        if base.mode_number() != 1:
+            # Reconstruct parent scale at mode 1 to list all modes
+            parent_name = str(base.parent()).replace("ScaleType.", "").lower()
+            base = Scale(str(parent_tonic), parent_name)
+        for i in range(1, base.size() + 1):
+            m = base.mode(i)
+            notes_str = _join(m.notes(), "  ")
+            print(f"    {i}. {m.mode_name():<22s} {str(m.tonic()):<4s} {notes_str}")
+
+    if args.degrees:
+        print()
+        _header("Degrees")
+        for i in range(1, s.size() + 1):
+            d = s.degree(i)
+            print(f"    {i}: {d}")
+
+    if args.degree:
+        result = s.degree(*args.degree)
+        degs = " → ".join(str(d) for d in args.degree)
+        chain = " of ".join(
+            ["I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII"][d - 1]
+            if 1 <= d <= 7 else str(d)
+            for d in reversed(args.degree)
+        )
+        print()
+        _header(f"Chained Degree: {chain}")
+        _row("Input", degs)
+        _row("Result", str(result))
+        _row("Natural", result.natural())
+
+    if args.walk:
+        start = args.walk[0]
+        steps = args.walk[1:]
+        if not steps:
+            print("  Error: --walk requires start + at least one step")
+            sys.exit(1)
+        result = s.walk(start, *steps)
+        print()
+        _header(f"Walk: start={start}, steps={', '.join(str(x) for x in steps)}")
+        _row("Result", str(result))
+        _row("Natural", result.natural())
+
+    if args.relative:
+        try:
+            rel = s.relative()
+            print()
+            _header("Relative key")
+            _row("Scale", str(rel))
+            _row("Notes", _join(rel.notes(), "  "))
+        except ValueError as e:
+            print(f"\n  {e}")
+
+    if args.parallel:
+        try:
+            par = s.parallel()
+            print()
+            _header("Parallel key")
+            _row("Scale", str(par))
+            _row("Notes", _join(par.notes(), "  "))
+        except ValueError as e:
+            print(f"\n  {e}")
+
+    if args.neighbors:
+        sub, dom = s.neighbors()
+        print()
+        _header("Neighbors (circle of fifths)")
+        _row("Subdominant", f"{sub}  {_join(sub.notes(), '  ')}")
+        _row("Dominant", f"{dom}  {_join(dom.notes(), '  ')}")
+
+    _handle_audio(s, args)
+    print()
+
+
+def _parse_applied_target(target_str):
+    """Parse the target part of an applied expression.
+
+    Returns an int if it's a number, or a string for Roman numerals.
+    """
+    try:
+        return int(target_str)
+    except ValueError:
+        return target_str
+
+
+def cmd_field(args):
+    """Show harmonic field (triads and sevenths)."""
+    if args.deduce:
+        items = [i.strip() for i in args.name.split(",")]
+        limit = args.limit
+        results = Field.deduce(items, limit=limit)
+
+        _header(f"Deduce from: {', '.join(items)}")
+        if not results:
+            print("    (no matches found)")
+            print()
+            return
+        print()
+        print(f"    {'#':>3}  {'Field':<25s}  {'Score':>6s}  {'Match':>5s}  Roles")
+        print(f"    {'---':>3}  {'-----':<25s}  {'-----':>6s}  {'-----':>5s}  -----")
+        for i, r in enumerate(results, 1):
+            roles_str = ", ".join(x for x in r.roles if x) if r.roles else ""
+            print(f"    {i:>3}  {str(r.field):<25s}  {r.score:>6.2f}  {r.matched}/{r.total:<3}  {roles_str}")
+        print()
+        return
+
+    if args.identify:
+        items = [i.strip() for i in args.name.split(",")]
+        f = Field.identify(items)
+        print(f"\n  Identified: {f}")
+        print(f"  From: {', '.join(items)}")
+    else:
+        parts = args.name.strip().split(maxsplit=1)
+        if len(parts) < 2:
+            print(f"  Error: provide tonic and type, e.g. 'C major'")
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        tonic, stype = parts[0], parts[1]
+        f = Field(tonic, stype)
+
+    scale = f.scale()
+    size = scale.size()
+    stype = str(scale.type()).replace("ScaleType.", "").lower()
+    if scale.mode_name() in ("Aeolian", "NaturalMinor"):
+        stype = "natural minor"
+
+    if args.applied:
+        # Parse X/Y notation
+        if "/" not in args.applied:
+            print("  Error: use X/Y notation, e.g. V7/II or 5/2")
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        func_str, target_str = args.applied.rsplit("/", 1)
+        target = _parse_applied_target(target_str)
+
+        # Detect numeric function
+        try:
+            func = int(func_str)
+        except ValueError:
+            func = func_str
+
+        c = f.applied(func, target)
+
+        _header(f"Applied Chord: {func_str}/{target_str} in {f.tonic()} {stype}")
+        _row("Chord", str(c))
+        _row("Root", str(c.root()))
+        _row("Type", c.type())
+        _row("Notes", _join(c.notes(), ", "))
+        _row("Formal notes", _join(c.formal_notes(), ", "))
+        _row("Intervals", _join(c.intervals(), ", "))
+        print()
+        return
+
+    sig = f.signature()
+    sig_str = (f"{sig}#" if sig > 0 else f"{abs(sig)}b" if sig < 0 else "0")
+    _header(f"Harmonic Field: {f.tonic()} {stype}  (sig: {sig_str})")
+
+    roman = ["I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII"]
+
+    if args.functions:
+        print()
+        print(f"    {'':3s}  {'Triad':<12s}  {'Seventh':<12s}  {'Function':<14s}  {'Role'}")
+        print(f"    {'':3s}  {'-----':<12s}  {'-------':<12s}  {'--------':<14s}  {'----'}")
+
+        triads = f.chords()
+        sevenths = f.sevenths()
+        for i in range(size):
+            deg = roman[i] if i < len(roman) else str(i + 1)
+            t = triads[i]
+            s = sevenths[i]
+            hf = f.function(i + 1)
+            rl = f.role(i + 1)
+            print(f"    {deg:>3s}  {str(t):<12s}  {str(s):<12s}  {hf.name:<14s}  {rl}")
+    else:
+        print()
+        print(f"    {'':3s}  {'Triad':<12s}  {'Seventh':<12s}  {'Notes (triad)':<20s}  {'Notes (7th)'}")
+        print(f"    {'':3s}  {'-----':<12s}  {'-------':<12s}  {'-------------':<20s}  {'-----------'}")
+
+        triads = f.chords()
+        sevenths = f.sevenths()
+        for i in range(size):
+            deg = roman[i] if i < len(roman) else str(i + 1)
+            t = triads[i]
+            s = sevenths[i]
+            t_notes = _join(t.notes(), " ")
+            s_notes = _join(s.notes(), " ")
+            print(f"    {deg:>3s}  {str(t):<12s}  {str(s):<12s}  {t_notes:<20s}  {s_notes}")
+
+    if args.relative:
+        try:
+            rel = f.relative()
+            print()
+            _header("Relative field")
+            _row("Field", repr(rel))
+            _row("Triads", _join(rel.chords(), "  "))
+            _row("Sevenths", _join(rel.sevenths(), "  "))
+        except ValueError as e:
+            print(f"\n  {e}")
+
+    if args.parallel:
+        try:
+            par = f.parallel()
+            print()
+            _header("Parallel field")
+            _row("Field", repr(par))
+            _row("Triads", _join(par.chords(), "  "))
+            _row("Sevenths", _join(par.sevenths(), "  "))
+        except ValueError as e:
+            print(f"\n  {e}")
+
+    if args.neighbors:
+        sub, dom = f.neighbors()
+        print()
+        _header("Neighbors (circle of fifths)")
+        _row("Subdominant", f"{repr(sub)}")
+        _row("  Triads", _join(sub.chords(), "  "))
+        _row("Dominant", f"{repr(dom)}")
+        _row("  Triads", _join(dom.chords(), "  "))
+
+    _handle_audio(f, args)
+    print()
+
+
+def cmd_compare(args):
+    """Compare two chords (absolute or within a harmonic field)."""
+    a = Chord(args.chord_a)
+    b = Chord(args.chord_b)
+
+    # Absolute comparison (always shown)
+    r = a.compare(b)
+
+    _header(f"Compare: {a.name()} vs {b.name()}")
+    _row("Common notes", _join(r.common_notes, ", ") if r.common_notes else "(none)")
+    if r.exclusive_a:
+        _row("Exclusive A", _join(r.exclusive_a, ", "))
+    if r.exclusive_b:
+        _row("Exclusive B", _join(r.exclusive_b, ", "))
+    _row("Root distance", str(r.root_distance))
+    _row("Root direction", f"{r.root_direction:+d}")
+    _row("Same quality", "yes" if r.same_quality else "no")
+    _row("Same size", "yes" if r.same_size else "no")
+    if r.common_intervals:
+        _row("Common intervals", _join(r.common_intervals, ", "))
+    _row("Enharmonic", "yes" if r.enharmonic else "no")
+    if r.subset:
+        _row("Subset", r.subset)
+    if r.voice_leading >= 0:
+        _row("Voice leading", f"{r.voice_leading} st")
+    else:
+        _row("Voice leading", "N/A (different sizes)")
+    if r.transformation:
+        names = {
+            "P": "Parallel", "L": "Leading-tone", "R": "Relative",
+            "RP": "Relative + Parallel", "LP": "Leading-tone + Parallel",
+            "PL": "Parallel + Leading-tone", "PR": "Parallel + Relative",
+            "LR": "Leading-tone + Relative", "RL": "Relative + Leading-tone",
+        }
+        label = f"{r.transformation} ({names.get(r.transformation, r.transformation)})"
+        _row("Transformation", label)
+    if r.inversion:
+        _row("Inversion", "yes")
+
+    _row("Interval vector A", str(r.interval_vector_a))
+    _row("Interval vector B", str(r.interval_vector_b))
+    if r.same_interval_vector:
+        _row("Same interval vector", "yes")
+
+    if r.transposition >= 0:
+        _row("Transposition", f"T{r.transposition}")
+
+    _row("Dissonance A", f"{r.dissonance_a:.4f}")
+    _row("Dissonance B", f"{r.dissonance_b:.4f}")
+
+    # Contextual comparison (if --field is given)
+    if args.field:
+        parts = args.field.strip().split(maxsplit=1)
+        if len(parts) < 2:
+            print(f"  Error: --field requires 'tonic type', e.g. 'C major'")
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        tonic, stype = parts[0], parts[1]
+        f = Field(tonic, stype)
+        fc = f.compare(a, b)
+
+        print()
+        _header(f"Context: {f.tonic()} {stype}")
+
+        def _deg_label(deg):
+            roman = ["I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII"]
+            return roman[deg - 1] if deg and 1 <= deg <= 7 else str(deg)
+
+        if fc.degree_a is not None:
+            _row("Degree A", _deg_label(fc.degree_a))
+        else:
+            _row("Degree A", "non-diatonic")
+        if fc.degree_b is not None:
+            _row("Degree B", _deg_label(fc.degree_b))
+        else:
+            _row("Degree B", "non-diatonic")
+
+        if fc.function_a is not None:
+            _row("Function A", fc.function_a.name)
+        if fc.function_b is not None:
+            _row("Function B", fc.function_b.name)
+        if fc.same_function is not None:
+            _row("Same function", "yes" if fc.same_function else "no")
+
+        _row("Diatonic A", "yes" if fc.diatonic_a else "no")
+        _row("Diatonic B", "yes" if fc.diatonic_b else "no")
+
+        if fc.degree_distance is not None:
+            _row("Degree distance", str(fc.degree_distance))
+        if fc.relative:
+            _row("Relative pair", "yes")
+        if fc.root_motion:
+            _row("Root motion", fc.root_motion)
+        if fc.secondary_dominant:
+            _row("Secondary dominant", fc.secondary_dominant)
+        if fc.applied_diminished:
+            _row("Applied diminished", fc.applied_diminished)
+        if fc.tritone_sub:
+            _row("Tritone sub", "yes")
+        if fc.chromatic_mediant:
+            _row("Chromatic mediant", fc.chromatic_mediant)
+
+        if fc.borrowed_a is not None:
+            _row("Borrowed A", f"deg {fc.borrowed_a.degree} of {fc.borrowed_a.scale_type}")
+        if fc.borrowed_b is not None:
+            _row("Borrowed B", f"deg {fc.borrowed_b.degree} of {fc.borrowed_b.scale_type}")
+
+        if fc.foreign_a:
+            _row("Foreign notes A", _join(fc.foreign_a, ", "))
+        if fc.foreign_b:
+            _row("Foreign notes B", _join(fc.foreign_b, ", "))
+
+        if fc.pivot:
+            print()
+            _header("Pivot fields")
+            for p in fc.pivot:
+                print(f"    {p.tonic} {p.scale_type}: "
+                      f"{_deg_label(p.degree_a)} / {_deg_label(p.degree_b)}")
+
+    print()
+
+
+def cmd_duration(args):
+    """Show duration properties."""
+    if args.name_or_num:
+        # Try rational construction (e.g. "1 4" → Duration(1, 4))
+        if args.denominator is not None:
+            d = Duration(int(args.name_or_num), args.denominator)
+        else:
+            try:
+                d = Duration(args.name_or_num, dots=args.dots, tuplet=args.tuplet)
+            except (ValueError, RuntimeError):
+                print(f"  Error: unknown duration '{args.name_or_num}'")
+                print(f"  Valid names: {', '.join(Duration.standard_names())}")
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+        _header(f"Duration: {d.name()}")
+        _row("Beats", f"{d.beats():.4g}")
+        num, den = d.rational()
+        _row("Rational", f"{num}/{den}")
+        if args.dots:
+            _row("Dots", str(args.dots))
+        if args.tuplet:
+            _row("Tuplet", str(args.tuplet))
+
+        if args.tempo:
+            t = Tempo(args.tempo)
+            _row(f"Seconds ({int(t.bpm())} BPM)", f"{t.seconds(d):.4g} s")
+            _row("Milliseconds", f"{t.seconds(d) * 1000:.1f} ms")
+    elif not args.all:
+        print("  Error: provide a duration name (e.g. quarter), or use --all")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    if args.all:
+        print()
+        _header("Standard durations")
+        print(f"    {'Name':<16s}  {'Beats':>6s}  {'Rational':>10s}")
+        print(f"    {'----':<16s}  {'-----':>6s}  {'--------':>10s}")
+        for name in Duration.standard_names():
+            dd = Duration(name)
+            num, den = dd.rational()
+            print(f"    {name:<16s}  {dd.beats():>6.4g}  {num:>3d}/{den:<3d}")
+
+    print()
+
+
+def cmd_tempo(args):
+    """Show tempo properties."""
+    try:
+        t = Tempo(args.value)
+    except (ValueError, RuntimeError):
+        try:
+            t = Tempo(float(args.value))
+        except (ValueError, RuntimeError):
+            print(f"  Error: unknown tempo '{args.value}'")
+            print(f"  Use a BPM number (60-240) or marking (Allegro, Adagio, ...)")
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+    _header(f"Tempo: {t.bpm():.0f} BPM")
+    _row("BPM", f"{t.bpm():.1f}")
+    _row("Marking", t.marking())
+    _row("ms per beat", f"{t.ms_per_beat():.1f} ms")
+    _row("Quarter note", f"{t.seconds(Duration('quarter')):.4g} s")
+    _row("Half note", f"{t.seconds(Duration('half')):.4g} s")
+    _row("Whole note", f"{t.seconds(Duration('whole')):.4g} s")
+    _row("Eighth note", f"{t.seconds(Duration('eighth')):.4g} s")
+
+    if args.all:
+        print()
+        _header("Standard tempo markings")
+        markings = [
+            ("Grave", 35), ("Largo", 50), ("Adagio", 60),
+            ("Andante", 80), ("Moderato", 108), ("Allegretto", 120),
+            ("Allegro", 140), ("Vivace", 168), ("Presto", 188),
+            ("Prestissimo", 210),
+        ]
+        print(f"    {'Marking':<16s}  {'BPM':>6s}  {'ms/beat':>8s}  {'Quarter (s)':>11s}")
+        print(f"    {'-------':<16s}  {'---':>6s}  {'-------':>8s}  {'-----------':>11s}")
+        for name, bpm in markings:
+            tt = Tempo(bpm)
+            print(f"    {name:<16s}  {bpm:>6d}  {tt.ms_per_beat():>8.1f}  {tt.seconds(Duration('quarter')):>11.4g}")
+
+    print()
+
+
+def cmd_timesig(args):
+    """Show time signature properties."""
+    if args.beats is not None and args.unit is not None:
+        ts = TimeSignature(args.beats, args.unit)
+
+        _header(f"Time Signature: {ts}")
+        _row("Beats per bar", str(ts.beats_per_bar()))
+        _row("Beat unit", str(ts.beat_unit()))
+        _row("Classification", ts.classification())
+        common = ts.common_name()
+        if common:
+            _row("Common name", common)
+        bar = ts.bar_duration()
+        _row("Bar duration", f"{bar.beats():.4g} beats")
+
+        if args.tempo:
+            t = Tempo(args.tempo)
+            bar_sec = t.seconds(bar)
+            _row(f"Bar at {int(t.bpm())} BPM", f"{bar_sec:.4g} s")
+    elif not args.all:
+        print("  Error: provide beats and unit (e.g. 4 4), or use --all")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    if args.all:
+        print()
+        _header("Common time signatures")
+        common_sigs = [
+            (4, 4), (3, 4), (2, 4), (2, 2),
+            (6, 8), (9, 8), (12, 8),
+            (5, 4), (7, 8),
+        ]
+        print(f"    {'Sig':>5s}  {'Class':<10s}  {'Name':<14s}  {'Bar (beats)':>11s}")
+        print(f"    {'---':>5s}  {'-----':<10s}  {'----':<14s}  {'-----------':>11s}")
+        for b, u in common_sigs:
+            tt = TimeSignature(b, u)
+            cn = tt.common_name() or ""
+            print(f"    {str(tt):>5s}  {tt.classification():<10s}  {cn:<14s}  {tt.bar_duration().beats():>11.4g}")
+
+    print()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Argument parser
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def build_parser():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        prog="gingo",
+        description=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            Gingo — music theory from the terminal.
+
+            Explore notes, intervals, chords, scales, harmonic fields,
+            and rhythm (durations, tempo, time signatures).
+
+            Pitch concepts build on each other:
+              Note → Interval → Chord → Scale → Field
+
+            Rhythm concepts:
+              Duration → Tempo → Time Signature
+
+            The chromatic universe has 12 pitch classes.
+            Everything else is selection, rotation, and relationship.
+        """),
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+        epilog=textwrap.dedent(f"""\
+            examples:
+              %(prog)s note C#
+              %(prog)s note Bb --transpose 7
+              %(prog)s note C --fifths
+              %(prog)s note C --distance G
+              %(prog)s interval 5J
+              %(prog)s interval 7 --all
+              %(prog)s chord Cmaj7
+              %(prog)s chord "C,E,G,B" --identify
+              %(prog)s scale "C major"
+              %(prog)s scale "C major" --modes
+              %(prog)s scale "D dorian"
+              %(prog)s scale "D dorian" --colors ionian
+              %(prog)s scale "C whole tone"
+              %(prog)s scale "C major pentatonic"
+              %(prog)s scale "C major" --pentatonic
+              %(prog)s scale "C major" --degree 5 5
+              %(prog)s scale "C major" --walk 1 4
+              %(prog)s scale "C major" --relative
+              %(prog)s scale "C major" --neighbors
+              %(prog)s scale "C,D,E,F,G,A,B" --identify
+              %(prog)s field "C major"
+              %(prog)s field "C major" --applied V7/II
+              %(prog)s field "C major" --relative
+              %(prog)s field "C major" --neighbors
+              %(prog)s field "CM,FM,G7" --identify
+              %(prog)s field "CM,FM" --deduce
+              %(prog)s compare CM Am
+              %(prog)s compare CM GM --field "C major"
+              %(prog)s duration quarter
+              %(prog)s duration eighth --dots 1
+              %(prog)s duration --all
+              %(prog)s tempo 120
+              %(prog)s tempo Allegro --all
+              %(prog)s timesig 4 4
+              %(prog)s timesig 6 8 --tempo 120
+              %(prog)s timesig --all
+
+            scale types (parent families):
+              major, natural minor, harmonic minor,
+              melodic minor, diminished, harmonic major,
+              whole tone, augmented, blues, chromatic
+
+            mode names (selected):
+              ionian, dorian, phrygian, lydian, mixolydian,
+              aeolian, locrian, altered, phrygian dominant,
+              lydian dominant, lydian augmented, ...
+
+            interval labels (24 total, 2 octaves):
+              P1  2m  2M  3m  3M  4J  d5  5J
+              #5  M6  7m  7M  8J  b9  9   #9
+              b11 11  #11  5  b13 13  #13 bI
+
+            version: {__version__}
+        """),
+    )
+
+    sub = parser.add_subparsers(
+        dest="command",
+        title="commands",
+        description="choose what to explore",
+    )
+
+    # --- note ---
+    p_note = sub.add_parser(
+        "note", help="explore a note (pitch class)",
+        description=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            Show properties of a note: semitone index, frequency,
+            enharmonic resolution, and transposition.
+
+            The 12 chromatic pitch classes:
+              C  C#  D  D#  E  F  F#  G  G#  A  A#  B
+
+            Flat notation is also accepted:
+              Db  Eb  Gb  Ab  Bb
+
+            Double accidentals and unicode work too:
+              Ebb  F##  B♭  F♯
+        """),
+        epilog=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            examples:
+              gingo note C#
+              gingo note Bb
+              gingo note Bb --transpose 7
+              gingo note Db --enharmonic C#
+              gingo note C --distance F#
+              gingo note G --fifths
+        """),
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    p_note.add_argument("name", help="note name (C, C#, Db, Bb, ...)")
+    p_note.add_argument("--transpose", type=int, metavar="ST",
+                        help="transpose by N semitones")
+    p_note.add_argument("--enharmonic", metavar="NOTE",
+                        help="check if enharmonic to another note")
+    p_note.add_argument("--distance", metavar="NOTE",
+                        help="distance to another note on the circle of fifths (0-6)")
+    p_note.add_argument("--octave", type=int, metavar="N",
+                        help="octave for frequency calculation (default: 4)")
+    p_note.add_argument("--tuning", type=float, metavar="HZ",
+                        help="A4 reference frequency in Hz (default: 440)")
+    p_note.add_argument("--fifths", action="store_true",
+                        help="show position on the circle of fifths")
+    _add_audio_args(p_note)
+    p_note.set_defaults(func=cmd_note)
+
+    # --- interval ---
+    p_iv = sub.add_parser(
+        "interval", help="explore an interval",
+        description=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            Show properties of an interval by label or semitone count.
+
+            An interval is the distance between two notes.
+            Gingo covers 24 intervals (2 octaves, 0-23 semitones).
+
+            Common intervals:
+              P1 = unison (0 st)     3m = minor 3rd (3 st)
+              3M = major 3rd (4 st)  4J = perfect 4th (5 st)
+              5J = perfect 5th (7 st)  7m = minor 7th (10 st)
+              7M = major 7th (11 st)   8J = octave (12 st)
+
+            Use --all to see the full table of 24 intervals.
+        """),
+        epilog=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            examples:
+              gingo interval 5J
+              gingo interval 3M
+              gingo interval 7         (by semitone count)
+              gingo interval 7 --all   (show all 24)
+        """),
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    p_iv.add_argument("label", help="interval label (5J, 3M, 7m) or semitone count (0-23)")
+    p_iv.add_argument("--all", action="store_true",
+                      help="show all 24 intervals (2 octaves)")
+    p_iv.set_defaults(func=cmd_interval)
+
+    # --- chord ---
+    p_ch = sub.add_parser(
+        "chord", help="explore a chord or identify notes",
+        description=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            Show chord properties or identify a chord from notes.
+
+            A chord = root note + type suffix. 42 chord types are supported.
+
+            Triads:          M  m  dim  aug  sus4  sus2  5
+            Sevenths:        7  7M  m7  m7M  dim7  m7(b5)
+            Sixths:          6  m6
+            Extended:        9  7M(9)  m9  6(9)  m6(9)
+            Altered:         7(b5)  aug7  7(#9)  7(b9)  7(#5)
+                             7(b5b9)  7(#5#9)  m7(9)  7M(#5)
+            Suspended:       7sus4  7sus2
+            Add:             add9  madd9  add11  add13
+            Other:           dim7M  m7(11)  7(13)  7M(13)  ...
+
+            With --identify, give comma-separated notes (first = root).
+        """),
+        epilog=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            examples:
+              gingo chord CM
+              gingo chord Am7
+              gingo chord Bbdim7
+              gingo chord "F#7M(#5)"
+              gingo chord "C,E,G,B" --identify
+              gingo chord "D,F,A" --identify
+        """),
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    p_ch.add_argument("name", help="chord name (Cmaj7, Am, G7) or comma-separated notes")
+    p_ch.add_argument("--identify", action="store_true",
+                      help="identify chord from comma-separated notes")
+    _add_audio_args(p_ch)
+    p_ch.set_defaults(func=cmd_chord)
+
+    # --- scale ---
+    p_sc = sub.add_parser(
+        "scale", help="explore a scale, its modes and degrees",
+        description=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            Show scale notes, binary mask, modes, and degrees.
+
+            A scale is a selection of notes from the 12 chromatic pitch classes,
+            organized around a tonic (root note). Format: "TONIC TYPE".
+
+            Parent scale types:
+              major ........... Major / Ionian
+              natural minor ... Natural Minor / Aeolian
+              harmonic minor .. Harmonic Minor
+              melodic minor ... Melodic Minor
+              harmonic major .. Harmonic Major
+              diminished ...... Diminished / Whole-Half
+              whole tone ...... Whole Tone (6 notes)
+              augmented ....... Augmented (6 notes)
+              blues ........... Blues (6 notes)
+              chromatic ....... Chromatic (12 notes)
+
+            Mode names (also accepted as type):
+              dorian, phrygian, lydian, mixolydian, locrian,
+              altered, phrygian dominant, lydian dominant,
+              lydian augmented, dorian b2, mixolydian b6, ...
+
+            Pentatonic variants:
+              "C major pentatonic", "D dorian pentatonic", ...
+
+            Tonic can be any note: C, C#, Db, D, Eb, E, F, F#, Gb, G, Ab, A, Bb, B
+        """),
+        epilog=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            examples:
+              gingo scale "C major"
+              gingo scale "C major" --modes
+              gingo scale "D dorian"
+              gingo scale "D dorian" --colors ionian
+              gingo scale "A natural minor" --modes
+              gingo scale "C harmonic minor" --modes
+              gingo scale "C melodic minor" --modes
+              gingo scale "C diminished"
+              gingo scale "C whole tone"
+              gingo scale "A blues"
+              gingo scale "C major pentatonic"
+              gingo scale "Bb major" --pentatonic
+              gingo scale "F# major" --degrees
+              gingo scale "C major" --degree 5         (V = G)
+              gingo scale "C major" --degree 5 5       (V of V = D)
+              gingo scale "C major" --degree 5 5 3     (III of V of V = F)
+              gingo scale "C major" --walk 1 4         (from I, walk 4 = F)
+              gingo scale "C major" --walk 5 5         (from V, walk 5 = D)
+              gingo scale "C major" --relative
+              gingo scale "A natural minor" --parallel
+              gingo scale "G major" --neighbors
+              gingo scale "C,D,E,F,G,A,B" --identify
+              gingo scale "A,B,C,D,E,F,G" --identify
+        """),
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    p_sc.add_argument("name", help='"tonic type" — e.g. "C major", "A natural minor", "Bb dim"')
+    p_sc.add_argument("--modes", action="store_true",
+                      help="show all modes of the scale with traditional names")
+    p_sc.add_argument("--degrees", action="store_true",
+                      help="show each degree note")
+    p_sc.add_argument("--pentatonic", action="store_true",
+                      help="use pentatonic modality (5 notes)")
+    p_sc.add_argument("--colors", metavar="REF",
+                      help="show color notes vs a reference mode (e.g. ionian)")
+    p_sc.add_argument("--degree", nargs="+", type=int, metavar="N",
+                      help="chained degree: --degree 5 5 = V of V")
+    p_sc.add_argument("--walk", nargs="+", type=int, metavar="N",
+                      help="walk: start + steps, e.g. --walk 1 4 = from I, walk 4")
+    p_sc.add_argument("--relative", action="store_true",
+                      help="show the relative major/minor key")
+    p_sc.add_argument("--parallel", action="store_true",
+                      help="show the parallel major/minor key")
+    p_sc.add_argument("--neighbors", action="store_true",
+                      help="show neighboring keys on the circle of fifths")
+    p_sc.add_argument("--identify", action="store_true",
+                      help="identify scale from comma-separated notes")
+    _add_audio_args(p_sc)
+    p_sc.set_defaults(func=cmd_scale)
+
+    # --- field ---
+    p_fi = sub.add_parser(
+        "field", help="show the harmonic field (triads and sevenths)",
+        description=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            Build triads and seventh chords on each degree of a scale.
+
+            A harmonic field shows which chords naturally belong to a scale.
+            For each degree (I through VII), it builds a triad (3 notes) and
+            a seventh chord (4 notes) using only notes from the scale.
+
+            Format: "TONIC TYPE"
+
+            Scale types (accepted names):
+              major, natural minor, harmonic minor,
+              melodic minor, diminished, harmonic major,
+              whole tone, augmented, blues, chromatic
+
+            Tonic can be any note: C, C#, Db, D, Eb, E, F, F#, Gb, G, Ab, A, Bb, B
+
+            Output columns:
+              Degree  |  Triad  |  Seventh  |  Notes (triad)  |  Notes (7th)
+        """),
+        epilog=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            examples:
+              gingo field "C major"
+              gingo field "A natural minor"
+              gingo field "C harmonic minor"
+              gingo field "D melodic minor"
+              gingo field "Bb major"
+              gingo field "F# diminished"
+              gingo field "C major" --applied V7/II
+              gingo field "C major" --applied "IIm7(b5)/V"
+              gingo field "C major" --applied 5/2
+              gingo field "C major" --functions
+              gingo field "C major" --relative
+              gingo field "A natural minor" --parallel
+              gingo field "G major" --neighbors
+              gingo field "CM,Dm,Em,FM,GM,Am" --identify
+              gingo field "CM,FM,G7" --identify
+              gingo field "C,D,E,F,G,A,B" --identify
+              gingo field "CM,FM" --deduce
+              gingo field "Am,Dm,E7" --deduce
+              gingo field "C,D,E" --deduce
+              gingo field "CM,FM" --deduce --limit 5
+        """),
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    p_fi.add_argument("name", help='"tonic type" — e.g. "C major", "A natural minor", "Eb dim"')
+    p_fi.add_argument("--applied", metavar="X/Y",
+                      help="applied chord in X/Y notation (e.g. V7/II, 5/2, IIm7(b5)/V)")
+    p_fi.add_argument("--functions", action="store_true",
+                      help="show harmonic function (T/S/D) and role for each degree")
+    p_fi.add_argument("--relative", action="store_true",
+                      help="show the relative major/minor harmonic field")
+    p_fi.add_argument("--parallel", action="store_true",
+                      help="show the parallel major/minor harmonic field")
+    p_fi.add_argument("--neighbors", action="store_true",
+                      help="show neighboring harmonic fields on the circle of fifths")
+    p_fi.add_argument("--identify", action="store_true",
+                      help="identify field from comma-separated notes or chords")
+    p_fi.add_argument("--deduce", action="store_true",
+                      help="deduce likely fields from partial input (ranked)")
+    p_fi.add_argument("--limit", type=int, default=10, metavar="N",
+                      help="max results for --deduce (default: 10, 0=all)")
+    _add_audio_args(p_fi)
+    p_fi.set_defaults(func=cmd_field)
+
+    # --- compare ---
+    p_cmp = sub.add_parser(
+        "compare", help="compare two chords (absolute or contextual)",
+        description=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            Compare two chords and see their relationship.
+
+            Without --field, shows absolute (context-free) comparison:
+            common notes, root distance, voice leading, neo-Riemannian
+            transformation (P/L/R), subset, enharmonic equivalence.
+
+            With --field, adds contextual comparison within a harmonic field:
+            degrees, functions, secondary dominants, tritone substitution,
+            modal borrowing, pivot fields, chromatic mediants.
+
+            Neo-Riemannian transformations (triads only):
+              P (Parallel)     CM <-> Cm    same root, change quality
+              L (Leading-tone) CM <-> Em    move root by semitone
+              R (Relative)     CM <-> Am    relative major/minor
+        """),
+        epilog=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            examples:
+              gingo compare CM Am
+              gingo compare CM Cm
+              gingo compare CM Em
+              gingo compare CM GM --field "C major"
+              gingo compare D7 GM --field "C major"
+              gingo compare CM Fm --field "C major"
+              gingo compare G7 C#7 --field "C major"
+        """),
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    p_cmp.add_argument("chord_a", help="first chord name (CM, Am7, Bbdim, ...)")
+    p_cmp.add_argument("chord_b", help="second chord name")
+    p_cmp.add_argument("--field", metavar='"T type"',
+                        help='harmonic field context, e.g. "C major"')
+    p_cmp.set_defaults(func=cmd_compare)
+
+    # --- duration ---
+    p_dur = sub.add_parser(
+        "duration", help="explore rhythmic durations",
+        description=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            Show properties of a rhythmic duration.
+
+            A duration represents a note length in beats (quarter = 1 beat).
+            Standard durations: whole, half, quarter, eighth, sixteenth,
+            thirty_second, sixty_fourth.
+
+            Modifiers:
+              --dots N    dotted duration (1 dot = 1.5x, 2 dots = 1.75x)
+              --tuplet N  tuplet division (3 = triplet = 2/3 of normal)
+
+            Rational form: numerator/denominator (quarter = 1/4).
+        """),
+        epilog=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            examples:
+              gingo duration quarter
+              gingo duration half
+              gingo duration eighth --dots 1
+              gingo duration quarter --dots 2
+              gingo duration eighth --tuplet 3
+              gingo duration quarter --tempo 120
+              gingo duration --all
+        """),
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    p_dur.add_argument("name_or_num", nargs="?", default=None,
+                       help="duration name (quarter, half, ...) or numerator")
+    p_dur.add_argument("denominator", nargs="?", type=int, default=None,
+                       help="denominator for rational form (e.g. 1 4 = quarter)")
+    p_dur.add_argument("--dots", type=int, default=0, metavar="N",
+                       help="number of dots (1 = dotted, 2 = double-dotted)")
+    p_dur.add_argument("--tuplet", type=int, default=0, metavar="N",
+                       help="tuplet division (3 = triplet)")
+    p_dur.add_argument("--tempo", type=float, metavar="BPM",
+                       help="show real-time duration at given tempo")
+    p_dur.add_argument("--all", action="store_true",
+                       help="show all standard durations")
+    p_dur.set_defaults(func=cmd_duration)
+
+    # --- tempo ---
+    p_tmp = sub.add_parser(
+        "tempo", help="explore tempo markings and conversions",
+        description=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            Show tempo properties: BPM, marking, and note durations.
+
+            A tempo can be given as a BPM number or an Italian marking.
+            Standard markings: Grave, Largo, Adagio, Andante, Moderato,
+            Allegretto, Allegro, Vivace, Presto, Prestissimo.
+        """),
+        epilog=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            examples:
+              gingo tempo 120
+              gingo tempo 60
+              gingo tempo Allegro
+              gingo tempo Adagio
+              gingo tempo 140 --all
+        """),
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    p_tmp.add_argument("value", help="BPM number or marking name (Allegro, Adagio, ...)")
+    p_tmp.add_argument("--all", action="store_true",
+                       help="show all standard tempo markings")
+    p_tmp.set_defaults(func=cmd_tempo)
+
+    # --- timesig ---
+    p_ts = sub.add_parser(
+        "timesig", help="explore time signatures",
+        description=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            Show time signature properties: classification, bar duration.
+
+            A time signature defines the meter: beats per bar and beat unit.
+            Common examples: 4/4 (common time), 3/4 (waltz), 6/8 (compound).
+
+            Classification:
+              simple ...... beat divides into 2 (4/4, 3/4, 2/4)
+              compound .... beat divides into 3 (6/8, 9/8, 12/8)
+        """),
+        epilog=textwrap.dedent("""\
+            examples:
+              gingo timesig 4 4
+              gingo timesig 3 4
+              gingo timesig 6 8
+              gingo timesig 2 2
+              gingo timesig 7 8
+              gingo timesig 4 4 --tempo 120
+              gingo timesig --all
+        """),
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    p_ts.add_argument("beats", nargs="?", type=int, default=None,
+                      help="beats per bar")
+    p_ts.add_argument("unit", nargs="?", type=int, default=None,
+                      help="beat unit (denominator)")
+    p_ts.add_argument("--tempo", type=float, metavar="BPM",
+                      help="show bar duration in seconds at given tempo")
+    p_ts.add_argument("--all", action="store_true",
+                      help="show common time signatures")
+    p_ts.set_defaults(func=cmd_timesig)
+
+    return parser
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Main
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def main():
+    parser = build_parser()
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    if not args.command:
+        parser.print_help()
+        sys.exit(0)
+
+    try:
+        args.func(args)
+    except (ValueError, RuntimeError) as e:
+        print(f"\n  Error: {e}\n", file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()