geoai-py 0.18.2__py2.py3-none-any.whl → 0.19.0__py2.py3-none-any.whl

geoai/moondream.py

@@ -0,0 +1,990 @@
+"""Moondream Vision Language Model module for GeoAI.
+
+This module provides an interface for using Moondream vision language models
+(moondream2 and moondream3-preview) with geospatial imagery, supporting
+GeoTIFF input and georeferenced output.
+
+Supported models:
+- moondream2: https://huggingface.co/vikhyatk/moondream2
+- moondream3-preview: https://huggingface.co/moondream/moondream3-preview
+"""
+
+import os
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+import geopandas as gpd
+import numpy as np
+import rasterio
+import torch
+from PIL import Image
+from shapely.geometry import Point, box
+from transformers.utils import logging as hf_logging
+
+from .utils import get_device
+
+
+hf_logging.set_verbosity_error()  # silence HF load reports
+
+
+class MoondreamGeo:
+    """Moondream Vision Language Model processor with GeoTIFF support.
+
+    This class provides an interface for using Moondream models for
+    geospatial image analysis, including captioning, visual querying,
+    object detection, and pointing.
+
+    Attributes:
+        model: The loaded Moondream model.
+        model_name: Name of the model being used.
+        device: Torch device for inference.
+        model_version: Either "moondream2" or "moondream3".
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        model_name: str = "vikhyatk/moondream2",
+        revision: Optional[str] = None,
+        device: Optional[str] = None,
+        compile_model: bool = False,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Initialize the Moondream processor.
+
+        Args:
+            model_name: HuggingFace model name. Options:
+                - "vikhyatk/moondream2" (default)
+                - "moondream/moondream3-preview"
+            revision: Model revision/checkpoint date. For moondream2, recommended
+                to use a specific date like "2025-06-21" for reproducibility.
+            device: Device for inference ("cuda", "mps", or "cpu").
+                If None, automatically selects the best available device.
+            compile_model: Whether to compile the model (recommended for
+                moondream3-preview for faster inference).
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to from_pretrained.
+
+        Raises:
+            ImportError: If transformers is not installed.
+            RuntimeError: If model loading fails.
+        """
+        self.model_name = model_name
+        self.device = device or get_device()
+        self._source_path: Optional[str] = None
+        self._metadata: Optional[Dict] = None
+
+        # Determine model version
+        if "moondream3" in model_name.lower():
+            self.model_version = "moondream3"
+        else:
+            self.model_version = "moondream2"
+
+        # Load the model
+        self.model = self._load_model(revision, compile_model, **kwargs)
+
+    def _load_model(
+        self,
+        revision: Optional[str],
+        compile_model: bool,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        """Load the Moondream model.
+
+        Args:
+            revision: Model revision/checkpoint.
+            compile_model: Whether to compile the model.
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments for from_pretrained.
+
+        Returns:
+            Loaded model instance.
+
+        Raises:
+            RuntimeError: If model loading fails.
+        """
+        try:
+            from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM
+
+            # Default kwargs
+            load_kwargs = {
+                "trust_remote_code": True,
+            }
+
+            # Try to use device_map with accelerate, fall back to manual device placement
+            use_device_map = False
+            try:
+                import accelerate  # noqa: F401
+
+                # Build device map
+                if isinstance(self.device, str):
+                    device_map = {"": self.device}
+                else:
+                    device_map = {"": str(self.device)}
+                load_kwargs["device_map"] = device_map
+                use_device_map = True
+            except ImportError:
+                # accelerate not available, will move model to device manually
+                pass
+
+            # Add revision if specified
+            if revision:
+                load_kwargs["revision"] = revision
+
+            # For moondream3, use bfloat16
+            if self.model_version == "moondream3":
+                load_kwargs["torch_dtype"] = torch.bfloat16
+                # Note: moondream3 uses dtype instead of torch_dtype in some versions
+                load_kwargs["dtype"] = torch.bfloat16
+
+            load_kwargs.update(kwargs)
+
+            print(f"Loading {self.model_name}...")
+
+            # Try to load with potential transformers 5.0 compatibility fix
+            try:
+                model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
+                    self.model_name,
+                    **load_kwargs,
+                )
+            except AttributeError as attr_err:
+                # Handle transformers 5.0 compatibility issue with custom models
+                if "all_tied_weights_keys" in str(attr_err):
+                    # print(
+                    #     "Note: Detected transformers 5.0+ compatibility issue. "
+                    #     "Attempting workaround..."
+                    # )
+                    # Try patching the model class
+                    model = self._load_with_patch(load_kwargs)
+                else:
+                    raise
+
+            # Move model to device if accelerate wasn't used
+            if not use_device_map:
+                device = (
+                    self.device
+                    if isinstance(self.device, torch.device)
+                    else torch.device(self.device)
+                )
+                model = model.to(device)
+                # print(f"Model moved to {device}")
+
+            # Set model to evaluation mode
+            model.eval()
+
+            # Compile model if requested (recommended for moondream3)
+            if compile_model and hasattr(model, "compile"):
+                print("Compiling model for faster inference...")
+                model.compile()
+
+            print(f"Using device: {self.device}")
+            return model
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            # Provide helpful error message
+            error_msg = str(e)
+            if "all_tied_weights_keys" in error_msg:
+                error_msg = (
+                    f"Failed to load Moondream model due to transformers version "
+                    f"incompatibility. The model's custom code may not be compatible "
+                    f"with your current transformers version. Try: "
+                    f"1) Wait for an updated model revision, or "
+                    f"2) Use a compatible transformers version. "
+                    f"Original error: {e}"
+                )
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to load Moondream model: {error_msg}") from e
+
+    def _load_with_patch(self, load_kwargs: Dict) -> Any:
+        """Load model with compatibility patch for transformers 5.0+.
+
+        Args:
+            load_kwargs: Keyword arguments for from_pretrained.
+
+        Returns:
+            Loaded model instance.
+        """
+        from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, PreTrainedModel
+
+        # Patch the PreTrainedModel class to add missing attribute
+        original_getattr = PreTrainedModel.__getattr__
+
+        def patched_getattr(self, name):
+            if name == "all_tied_weights_keys":
+                # Return empty dict to satisfy the check
+                if not hasattr(self, "_all_tied_weights_keys"):
+                    self._all_tied_weights_keys = {}
+                return self._all_tied_weights_keys
+            return original_getattr(self, name)
+
+        # Apply patch temporarily
+        PreTrainedModel.__getattr__ = patched_getattr
+
+        try:
+            model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
+                self.model_name,
+                **load_kwargs,
+            )
+            return model
+        finally:
+            # Restore original
+            PreTrainedModel.__getattr__ = original_getattr
+
+    def load_geotiff(
+        self,
+        source: str,
+        bands: Optional[List[int]] = None,
+    ) -> Tuple[Image.Image, Dict]:
+        """Load a GeoTIFF file and return a PIL Image with metadata.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Path to GeoTIFF file.
+            bands: List of band indices to read (1-indexed). If None, reads
+                first 3 bands for RGB or first band for grayscale.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (PIL Image, metadata dict).
+
+        Raises:
+            FileNotFoundError: If source file doesn't exist.
+            RuntimeError: If loading fails.
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(source):
+            raise FileNotFoundError(f"File not found: {source}")
+
+        try:
+            with rasterio.open(source) as src:
+                # Store metadata
+                metadata = {
+                    "profile": src.profile.copy(),
+                    "crs": src.crs,
+                    "transform": src.transform,
+                    "bounds": src.bounds,
+                    "width": src.width,
+                    "height": src.height,
+                }
+
+                # Read bands
+                if bands is None:
+                    if src.count >= 3:
+                        bands = [1, 2, 3]  # RGB
+                    else:
+                        bands = [1]  # Grayscale
+
+                data = src.read(bands)
+
+                # Convert to RGB image
+                if len(bands) == 1:
+                    # Grayscale to RGB
+                    img_array = np.repeat(data[0:1], 3, axis=0)
+                elif len(bands) >= 3:
+                    img_array = data[:3]
+                else:
+                    # Pad to 3 channels
+                    img_array = np.zeros((3, data.shape[1], data.shape[2]))
+                    img_array[: data.shape[0]] = data
+
+                # Normalize to 0-255 range
+                img_array = self._normalize_image(img_array)
+
+                # Convert to PIL Image (HWC format)
+                img_array = np.transpose(img_array, (1, 2, 0))
+                image = Image.fromarray(img_array.astype(np.uint8))
+
+                self._source_path = source
+                self._metadata = metadata
+
+                return image, metadata
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to load GeoTIFF: {e}") from e
+
+    def load_image(
+        self,
+        source: Union[str, Image.Image, np.ndarray],
+        bands: Optional[List[int]] = None,
+    ) -> Tuple[Image.Image, Optional[Dict]]:
+        """Load an image from various sources.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Image source - can be a file path (GeoTIFF, PNG, JPG),
+                PIL Image, or numpy array.
+            bands: Band indices for GeoTIFF (1-indexed).
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (PIL Image, metadata dict or None).
+        """
+        if isinstance(source, Image.Image):
+            self._source_path = None
+            self._metadata = None
+            return source, None
+
+        if isinstance(source, np.ndarray):
+            if source.ndim == 2:
+                # Grayscale
+                source = np.stack([source] * 3, axis=-1)
+            elif source.ndim == 3 and source.shape[0] <= 4:
+                # CHW format
+                source = np.transpose(source[:3], (1, 2, 0))
+
+            source = self._normalize_image(source)
+            image = Image.fromarray(source.astype(np.uint8))
+            self._source_path = None
+            self._metadata = None
+            return image, None
+
+        if isinstance(source, str):
+            if source.startswith(("http://", "https://")):
+                # URL - download and load
+                from .utils import download_file
+
+                source = download_file(source)
+
+            # Check if it's a GeoTIFF
+            try:
+                with rasterio.open(source) as src:
+                    if src.crs is not None or source.lower().endswith(
+                        (".tif", ".tiff")
+                    ):
+                        return self.load_geotiff(source, bands)
+            except rasterio.RasterioIOError:
+                pass
+
+            # Regular image
+            image = Image.open(source).convert("RGB")
+            self._source_path = source
+            self._metadata = {
+                "width": image.width,
+                "height": image.height,
+                "crs": None,
+                "transform": None,
+                "bounds": None,
+            }
+            return image, self._metadata
+
+    def _normalize_image(self, data: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+        """Normalize image data to 0-255 range using percentile stretching.
+
+        Args:
+            data: Input array (can be CHW or HWC format).
+
+        Returns:
+            Normalized array in uint8 range.
+        """
+        if data.dtype == np.uint8:
+            return data
+
+        # Determine if CHW or HWC
+        if data.ndim == 3 and data.shape[0] <= 4:
+            # CHW format - normalize each channel
+            normalized = np.zeros_like(data, dtype=np.float32)
+            for i in range(data.shape[0]):
+                band = data[i].astype(np.float32)
+                p2, p98 = np.percentile(band, [2, 98])
+                if p98 > p2:
+                    normalized[i] = np.clip((band - p2) / (p98 - p2) * 255, 0, 255)
+                else:
+                    normalized[i] = np.clip(band, 0, 255)
+        else:
+            # HWC format or 2D
+            data = data.astype(np.float32)
+            p2, p98 = np.percentile(data, [2, 98])
+            if p98 > p2:
+                normalized = np.clip((data - p2) / (p98 - p2) * 255, 0, 255)
+            else:
+                normalized = np.clip(data, 0, 255)
+
+        return normalized.astype(np.uint8)
+
+    def encode_image(
+        self,
+        source: Union[str, Image.Image, np.ndarray],
+        bands: Optional[List[int]] = None,
+    ) -> Any:
+        """Pre-encode an image for efficient multiple inferences.
+
+        Use this when you plan to run multiple queries on the same image.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Image source.
+            bands: Band indices for GeoTIFF.
+
+        Returns:
+            Encoded image that can be passed to query, caption, etc.
+        """
+        image, _ = self.load_image(source, bands)
+
+        if hasattr(self.model, "encode_image"):
+            return self.model.encode_image(image)
+        return image
+
+    def caption(
+        self,
+        source: Union[str, Image.Image, np.ndarray, Any],
+        length: str = "normal",
+        stream: bool = False,
+        bands: Optional[List[int]] = None,
+        settings: Optional[Dict] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Generate a caption for an image.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Image source or pre-encoded image.
+            length: Caption length - "short", "normal", or "long".
+            stream: Whether to stream the output.
+            bands: Band indices for GeoTIFF.
+            settings: Additional settings (temperature, top_p, max_tokens).
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments for the model.
+
+        Returns:
+            Dictionary with "caption" key containing the generated caption.
+        """
+        # Load image if not pre-encoded
+        if isinstance(source, (str, Image.Image, np.ndarray)):
+            image, _ = self.load_image(source, bands)
+        else:
+            image = source  # Pre-encoded
+
+        call_kwargs = {"length": length, "stream": stream}
+        if settings:
+            call_kwargs["settings"] = settings
+        call_kwargs.update(kwargs)
+
+        return self.model.caption(image, **call_kwargs)
+
+    def query(
+        self,
+        question: str,
+        source: Optional[Union[str, Image.Image, np.ndarray, Any]] = None,
+        reasoning: Optional[bool] = None,
+        stream: bool = False,
+        bands: Optional[List[int]] = None,
+        settings: Optional[Dict] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Ask a question about an image or text-only query.
+
+        Args:
+            question: The question to ask.
+            source: Image source or pre-encoded image. If None, performs
+                text-only query (moondream3 only).
+            reasoning: Enable reasoning mode for more complex tasks
+                (moondream3 only, default True).
+            stream: Whether to stream the output.
+            bands: Band indices for GeoTIFF.
+            settings: Additional settings (temperature, top_p, max_tokens).
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments for the model.
+
+        Returns:
+            Dictionary with "answer" key containing the response.
+        """
+        call_kwargs = {"question": question, "stream": stream}
+
+        if source is not None:
+            if isinstance(source, (str, Image.Image, np.ndarray)):
+                image, _ = self.load_image(source, bands)
+            else:
+                image = source
+            call_kwargs["image"] = image
+
+        if reasoning is not None and self.model_version == "moondream3":
+            call_kwargs["reasoning"] = reasoning
+
+        if settings:
+            call_kwargs["settings"] = settings
+        call_kwargs.update(kwargs)
+
+        return self.model.query(**call_kwargs)
+
+    def detect(
+        self,
+        source: Union[str, Image.Image, np.ndarray, Any],
+        object_type: str,
+        bands: Optional[List[int]] = None,
+        output_path: Optional[str] = None,
+        settings: Optional[Dict] = None,
+        stream: bool = False,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Detect objects of a specific type in an image.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Image source or pre-encoded image.
+            object_type: Type of object to detect (e.g., "car", "building").
+            bands: Band indices for GeoTIFF.
+            output_path: Path to save results as GeoJSON/Shapefile/GeoPackage.
+            settings: Additional settings (max_objects, etc.).
+            stream: Whether to stream the output (moondream2 only).
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments for the model.
+
+        Returns:
+            Dictionary with "objects" key containing list of bounding boxes
+            with normalized coordinates (x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max).
+            If georeferenced, also includes "gdf" (GeoDataFrame) and
+            "crs", "bounds" keys.
+        """
+        # Load image
+        if isinstance(source, (str, Image.Image, np.ndarray)):
+            image, metadata = self.load_image(source, bands)
+        else:
+            image = source
+            metadata = self._metadata
+
+        call_kwargs = {}
+        if settings:
+            call_kwargs["settings"] = settings
+        if self.model_version == "moondream2" and stream:
+            call_kwargs["stream"] = stream
+        call_kwargs.update(kwargs)
+
+        result = self.model.detect(image, object_type, **call_kwargs)
+
+        # Convert to georeferenced if possible
+        if metadata and metadata.get("crs") and metadata.get("transform"):
+            result = self._georef_detections(result, metadata)
+
+            if output_path:
+                self._save_vector(result["gdf"], output_path)
+
+        return result
+
+    def point(
+        self,
+        source: Union[str, Image.Image, np.ndarray, Any],
+        object_description: str,
+        bands: Optional[List[int]] = None,
+        output_path: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Find points (x, y coordinates) for objects in an image.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Image source or pre-encoded image.
+            object_description: Description of objects to find.
+            bands: Band indices for GeoTIFF.
+            output_path: Path to save results as GeoJSON/Shapefile/GeoPackage.
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments for the model.
+
+        Returns:
+            Dictionary with "points" key containing list of points
+            with normalized coordinates (x, y in 0-1 range).
+            If georeferenced, also includes "gdf" (GeoDataFrame).
+        """
+        # Load image
+        if isinstance(source, (str, Image.Image, np.ndarray)):
+            image, metadata = self.load_image(source, bands)
+        else:
+            image = source
+            metadata = self._metadata
+
+        result = self.model.point(image, object_description, **kwargs)
+
+        # Convert to georeferenced if possible
+        if metadata and metadata.get("crs") and metadata.get("transform"):
+            result = self._georef_points(result, metadata)
+
+            if output_path:
+                self._save_vector(result["gdf"], output_path)
+
+        return result
+
+    def _georef_detections(
+        self,
+        result: Dict[str, Any],
+        metadata: Dict,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert detection results to georeferenced format.
+
+        Args:
+            result: Detection result from model.
+            metadata: Image metadata with CRS and transform.
+
+        Returns:
+            Updated result dictionary with GeoDataFrame.
+        """
+        objects = result.get("objects", [])
+        if not objects:
+            result["gdf"] = gpd.GeoDataFrame(
+                columns=["geometry", "x_min", "y_min", "x_max", "y_max"],
+                crs=metadata["crs"],
+            )
+            result["crs"] = metadata["crs"]
+            result["bounds"] = metadata["bounds"]
+            return result
+
+        width = metadata["width"]
+        height = metadata["height"]
+        transform = metadata["transform"]
+
+        geometries = []
+        records = []
+
+        for obj in objects:
+            # Convert normalized coords to pixel coords
+            px_x_min = obj["x_min"] * width
+            px_y_min = obj["y_min"] * height
+            px_x_max = obj["x_max"] * width
+            px_y_max = obj["y_max"] * height
+
+            # Convert pixel coords to geographic coords
+            geo_x_min, geo_y_min = transform * (px_x_min, px_y_max)
+            geo_x_max, geo_y_max = transform * (px_x_max, px_y_min)
+
+            # Create polygon
+            geom = box(geo_x_min, geo_y_min, geo_x_max, geo_y_max)
+            geometries.append(geom)
+
+            records.append(
+                {
+                    "x_min": obj["x_min"],
+                    "y_min": obj["y_min"],
+                    "x_max": obj["x_max"],
+                    "y_max": obj["y_max"],
+                    "px_x_min": int(px_x_min),
+                    "px_y_min": int(px_y_min),
+                    "px_x_max": int(px_x_max),
+                    "px_y_max": int(px_y_max),
+                }
+            )
+
+        gdf = gpd.GeoDataFrame(records, geometry=geometries, crs=metadata["crs"])
+
+        result["gdf"] = gdf
+        result["crs"] = metadata["crs"]
+        result["bounds"] = metadata["bounds"]
+
+        return result
+
+    def _georef_points(
+        self,
+        result: Dict[str, Any],
+        metadata: Dict,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert point results to georeferenced format.
+
+        Args:
+            result: Point result from model.
+            metadata: Image metadata with CRS and transform.
+
+        Returns:
+            Updated result dictionary with GeoDataFrame.
+        """
+        points = result.get("points", [])
+        if not points:
+            result["gdf"] = gpd.GeoDataFrame(
+                columns=["geometry", "x", "y"],
+                crs=metadata["crs"],
+            )
+            result["crs"] = metadata["crs"]
+            result["bounds"] = metadata["bounds"]
+            return result
+
+        width = metadata["width"]
+        height = metadata["height"]
+        transform = metadata["transform"]
+
+        geometries = []
+        records = []
+
+        for pt in points:
+            # Convert normalized coords to pixel coords
+            px_x = pt["x"] * width
+            px_y = pt["y"] * height
+
+            # Convert pixel coords to geographic coords
+            geo_x, geo_y = transform * (px_x, px_y)
+
+            # Create point
+            geom = Point(geo_x, geo_y)
+            geometries.append(geom)
+
+            records.append(
+                {
+                    "x": pt["x"],
+                    "y": pt["y"],
+                    "px_x": int(px_x),
+                    "px_y": int(px_y),
+                }
+            )
+
+        gdf = gpd.GeoDataFrame(records, geometry=geometries, crs=metadata["crs"])
+
+        result["gdf"] = gdf
+        result["crs"] = metadata["crs"]
+        result["bounds"] = metadata["bounds"]
+
+        return result
+
+    def _save_vector(
+        self,
+        gdf: gpd.GeoDataFrame,
+        output_path: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Save GeoDataFrame to vector file.
+
+        Args:
+            gdf: GeoDataFrame to save.
+            output_path: Output file path. Extension determines format:
+                .geojson -> GeoJSON
+                .shp -> Shapefile
+                .gpkg -> GeoPackage
+        """
+        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(output_path) or ".", exist_ok=True)
+
+        ext = os.path.splitext(output_path)[1].lower()
+        if ext == ".geojson":
+            gdf.to_file(output_path, driver="GeoJSON")
+        elif ext == ".shp":
+            gdf.to_file(output_path, driver="ESRI Shapefile")
+        elif ext == ".gpkg":
+            gdf.to_file(output_path, driver="GPKG")
+        else:
+            gdf.to_file(output_path)
+
+        print(f"Saved {len(gdf)} features to {output_path}")
+
+    def create_detection_mask(
+        self,
+        source: Union[str, Image.Image, np.ndarray],
+        object_type: str,
+        output_path: Optional[str] = None,
+        bands: Optional[List[int]] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, Optional[Dict]]:
+        """Create a binary mask from object detections.
+
+        Args:
+            source: Image source.
+            object_type: Type of object to detect.
+            output_path: Path to save mask as GeoTIFF.
+            bands: Band indices for GeoTIFF.
+            **kwargs: Additional arguments for detect().
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (mask array, metadata dict).
+        """
+        # Load image to get dimensions
+        image, metadata = self.load_image(source, bands)
+        width, height = image.size
+
+        # Detect objects
+        result = self.detect(source, object_type, bands=bands, **kwargs)
+        objects = result.get("objects", [])
+
+        # Create mask
+        mask = np.zeros((height, width), dtype=np.uint8)
+
+        for obj in objects:
+            x_min = int(obj["x_min"] * width)
+            y_min = int(obj["y_min"] * height)
+            x_max = int(obj["x_max"] * width)
+            y_max = int(obj["y_max"] * height)
+
+            mask[y_min:y_max, x_min:x_max] = 255
+
+        # Save as GeoTIFF if requested
+        if output_path and metadata and metadata.get("crs"):
+            self._save_mask_geotiff(mask, output_path, metadata)
+        elif output_path:
+            # Save as regular image
+            Image.fromarray(mask).save(output_path)
+
+        return mask, metadata
+
+    def _save_mask_geotiff(
+        self,
+        mask: np.ndarray,
+        output_path: str,
+        metadata: Dict,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Save mask as GeoTIFF with georeferencing.
+
+        Args:
+            mask: 2D mask array.
+            output_path: Output file path.
+            metadata: Image metadata with profile.
+        """
+        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(output_path) or ".", exist_ok=True)
+
+        profile = metadata["profile"].copy()
+        profile.update(
+            {
+                "dtype": "uint8",
+                "count": 1,
+                "height": mask.shape[0],
+                "width": mask.shape[1],
+                "compress": "lzw",
+            }
+        )
+
+        with rasterio.open(output_path, "w", **profile) as dst:
+            dst.write(mask, 1)
+
+        print(f"Saved mask to {output_path}")
+
+    def show_gui(
+        self,
+        basemap: str = "SATELLITE",
+        out_dir: Optional[str] = None,
+        opacity: float = 0.5,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        """Display an interactive GUI for using Moondream with leafmap.
+
+        This method creates an interactive map interface for using Moondream
+        vision language model capabilities including:
+        - Image captioning (short, normal, long)
+        - Visual question answering (query)
+        - Object detection with bounding boxes
+        - Point detection for locating objects
+
+        Args:
+            basemap: The basemap to use. Defaults to "SATELLITE".
+            out_dir: The output directory for saving results.
+                Defaults to None (uses temp directory).
+            opacity: The opacity of overlay layers. Defaults to 0.5.
+            **kwargs: Additional keyword arguments passed to leafmap.Map().
+
+        Returns:
+            leafmap.Map: The interactive map with the Moondream GUI.
+
+        Example:
+            >>> moondream = MoondreamGeo()
+            >>> moondream.load_image("image.tif")
+            >>> m = moondream.show_gui()
+            >>> m
+        """
+        from .map_widgets import moondream_gui
+
+        return moondream_gui(
+            self,
+            basemap=basemap,
+            out_dir=out_dir,
+            opacity=opacity,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+
+    def get_last_result(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+
+        if hasattr(self, "last_result") and "gdf" in self.last_result:
+            return self.last_result["gdf"]
+        else:
+            return None
+
+
+def moondream_caption(
+    source: Union[str, Image.Image, np.ndarray],
+    model_name: str = "vikhyatk/moondream2",
+    revision: Optional[str] = None,
+    length: str = "normal",
+    bands: Optional[List[int]] = None,
+    device: Optional[str] = None,
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> str:
+    """Convenience function to generate a caption for an image.
+
+    Args:
+        source: Image source (file path, PIL Image, or numpy array).
+        model_name: Moondream model name.
+        revision: Model revision.
+        length: Caption length ("short", "normal", "long").
+        bands: Band indices for GeoTIFF.
+        device: Device for inference.
+        **kwargs: Additional arguments.
+
+    Returns:
+        Generated caption string.
+    """
+    processor = MoondreamGeo(model_name=model_name, revision=revision, device=device)
+    result = processor.caption(source, length=length, bands=bands, **kwargs)
+    return result["caption"]
+
+
+def moondream_query(
+    question: str,
+    source: Optional[Union[str, Image.Image, np.ndarray]] = None,
+    model_name: str = "vikhyatk/moondream2",
+    revision: Optional[str] = None,
+    reasoning: Optional[bool] = None,
+    bands: Optional[List[int]] = None,
+    device: Optional[str] = None,
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> str:
+    """Convenience function to ask a question about an image.
+
+    Args:
+        question: Question to ask.
+        source: Image source (optional for text-only queries).
+        model_name: Moondream model name.
+        revision: Model revision.
+        reasoning: Enable reasoning mode (moondream3 only).
+        bands: Band indices for GeoTIFF.
+        device: Device for inference.
+        **kwargs: Additional arguments.
+
+    Returns:
+        Answer string.
+    """
+    processor = MoondreamGeo(model_name=model_name, revision=revision, device=device)
+    result = processor.query(
+        question, source=source, reasoning=reasoning, bands=bands, **kwargs
+    )
+    return result["answer"]
+
+
+def moondream_detect(
+    source: Union[str, Image.Image, np.ndarray],
+    object_type: str,
+    model_name: str = "vikhyatk/moondream2",
+    revision: Optional[str] = None,
+    output_path: Optional[str] = None,
+    bands: Optional[List[int]] = None,
+    device: Optional[str] = None,
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Convenience function to detect objects in an image.
+
+    Args:
+        source: Image source.
+        object_type: Type of object to detect.
+        model_name: Moondream model name.
+        revision: Model revision.
+        output_path: Path to save results as vector file.
+        bands: Band indices for GeoTIFF.
+        device: Device for inference.
+        **kwargs: Additional arguments.
+
+    Returns:
+        Detection results dictionary with "objects" and optionally "gdf".
+    """
+    processor = MoondreamGeo(model_name=model_name, revision=revision, device=device)
+    return processor.detect(
+        source, object_type, output_path=output_path, bands=bands, **kwargs
+    )
+
+
+def moondream_point(
+    source: Union[str, Image.Image, np.ndarray],
+    object_description: str,
+    model_name: str = "vikhyatk/moondream2",
+    revision: Optional[str] = None,
+    output_path: Optional[str] = None,
+    bands: Optional[List[int]] = None,
+    device: Optional[str] = None,
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Convenience function to find points for objects in an image.
+
+    Args:
+        source: Image source.
+        object_description: Description of objects to find.
+        model_name: Moondream model name.
+        revision: Model revision.
+        output_path: Path to save results as vector file.
+        bands: Band indices for GeoTIFF.
+        device: Device for inference.
+        **kwargs: Additional arguments.
+
+    Returns:
+        Point results dictionary with "points" and optionally "gdf".
+    """
+    processor = MoondreamGeo(model_name=model_name, revision=revision, device=device)
+    return processor.point(
+        source, object_description, output_path=output_path, bands=bands, **kwargs
+    )